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Gasieva DM, Sheremetyeva EV, Kalashnikova MF, Dzgoeva FK, Alborova ET. [Polycystic ovary syndrome: new and promising treatment methods]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2024; 70:103-113. [PMID: 39302870 DOI: 10.14341/probl13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - is a polygenic endocrine disorder caused by genetic, hormonal, and epigenetic factors. The importance of addressing PCOS lies in its prevalence, affecting approximately 10 to 13% of women, as well as the associated health conditions that can have a negative impact on women's lives, including infertility, dermatological manifestations of hyperandrogenism (such as hirsutism and acne), cardiovascular pathologies, metabolic disorders, and psychoemotional disorders. Currently, many theories of the development of this disease have been proposed, and as a consequence of methods of influencing and treating it. According to the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, modifying the patient's lifestyle forms the basis of comprehensive therapy. We have analyzed about 60 articles on various dietary approaches to the treatment of PCOS, sourced from PubMed, Nature Reviews, Oxford Academic, Clinical Nutrition, EJOG, ScienceDirect, and MDPI. The Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, the ketogenic diet and the low-carb diet have proven themselves the best. Also, it's necessary to add vitamin D, E, folic acid, calcium, various pro- and prebiotics to a woman's diet. Currently, the use of inositol and GPP-1 is becoming a promising method of PCOS therapy. According to the results of the analysis, a positive effect of diet therapy on the anthropometric and biochemical parameters was noted. Based on the analysis, a positive effect of diet therapy on anthropometric and biochemical parameters has been observed. It is crucial to consider the individual characteristics of each patient and not rely solely on drug therapy when approaching the treatment of PCOS.
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Cochrane KM, Bone JN, Williams BA, Karakochuk CD. Optimizing vitamin D status in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:1176-1186. [PMID: 37769789 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Vitamin D supplementation is a promising complementary therapy for PCOS, yet there is no consensus on an optimal dose, leading to a lack of evidence-based supplementation guidelines. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to conduct a vitamin D dose-response meta-analysis among women with PCOS. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases from inception to November 2022 were searched for relevant articles. DATA EXTRACTION Study screening and bias assessment were conducted by 2 independent reviewers. Eight relevant studies were identified; data for serum 25(OH)D (nmol/L) at baseline and at 12 weeks in each intervention group (mean ± SD) and vitamin D dose were extracted. DATA ANALYSIS Estimates across studies were used to create a pooled curve, using restricted cubic splines with knots at the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles of the distribution of doses, to estimate the mean difference in effect for serum 25(OH)D at each dose compared with 0 IU/day. Sensitivity analyses were conducted fixing knots at 4000 IU/day and 7000 IU/day, which were a priori identified as potentially important thresholds, and to assess model fit and estimate heterogeneity. The pooled analysis demonstrated strong evidence of a dose-response relationship (P < .001), suggesting an increasing effect with increasing dose. An initial increase in serum 25(OH)D was evident until doses of approximately 3000 IU/day; this was followed by a plateau in effect between approximately 3000 IU/day and 5000 IU/day. The effect of supplementation with >5000 IU/day was unclear, given the minimal data at higher doses. The curve produced robust results for moderate doses (3000 IU/day to 4000 IU/day), which were not sensitive to model specification. CONCLUSION Women with PCOS are responsive to vitamin D supplementation, but the benefit of providing doses of >3000 IU/day appears minimal. Further data is required to determine dose-response at doses of >5000 IU/day, and whether higher intakes provide a clinically meaningful advantage in this population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021259396.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Cochrane
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey N Bone
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brock A Williams
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Crystal D Karakochuk
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Gao B, Zhang C, Wang D, Li B, Shan Z, Teng W, Li J. Causal association between low vitamin D and polycystic ovary syndrome: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:95. [PMID: 38715063 PMCID: PMC11077756 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed the correlation between serum vitamin D (VD) level and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the causality and specific mechanisms remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the cause-effect relationship between serum VD and PCOS, and the role of testosterone in the related pathological mechanisms. METHODS We assessed the causality between serum VD and PCOS by using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data in a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (TS-MR) analysis. Subsequently, a MR mediation analysis was conducted to examine the mediating action of testosterone in the causality between serum VD and PCOS. Ultimately, we integrated GWAS data with cis-expression quantitative loci (cis-eQTLs) data for gene annotation, and used the potentially related genes for functional enrichment analysis to assess the involvement of testosterone and the potential mechanisms. RESULTS TS-MR analysis showed that individuals with lower level of serum VD were more likely to develop PCOS (OR = 0.750, 95% CI: 0.587-0.959, P = 0.022). MR mediation analysis uncovered indirect causal effect of serum VD level on the risk of PCOS via testosterone (OR = 0.983, 95% CI: 0.968-0.998, P = 0.025). Functional enrichment analysis showed that several pathways may be involved in the VD-testosterone-PCOS axis, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis and autophagy process. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that genetically predicted lower serum VD level may cause a higher risk of developing PCOS, which may be mediated by increased testosterone production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Deping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, 157011, P.R. China
| | - Bojuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China.
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Elsayed AM, Al-Kaabi LS, Al-Abdulla NM, Al-Kuwari MS, Al-Mulla AA, Al-Shamari RS, Alhusban AK, AlNajjar AA, Doi SAR. Clinical Phenotypes of PCOS: a Cross-Sectional Study. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3261-3272. [PMID: 37217826 PMCID: PMC10643327 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examines the Doi-Alshoumer PCOS clinical phenotype classification in relation to measured clinical and biochemical characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Two cohorts of women (Kuwait and Rotterdam) diagnosed with PCOS (FAI > 4.5%) were examined. These phenotypes were created using neuroendocrine dysfunction (IRMA LH/FSH ratio > 1 or LH > 6 IU/L) and menstrual cycle status (oligo/amenorrhea) to create three phenotypes: (A) neuroendocrine dysfunction and oligo/amenorrhea, (B) without neuroendocrine dysfunction but with oligo/amenorrhea, and (C) without neuroendocrine dysfunction and with regular cycles. These phenotypes were compared in terms of hormonal, biochemical, and anthropometric measures. The three suggested phenotypes (A, B, and C) were shown to be sufficiently distinct in terms of hormonal, biochemical, and anthropometric measures. Patients who were classified as phenotype A had neuroendocrine dysfunction, excess LH (and LH/FSH ratio), irregular cycles, excess A4, infertility, excess T, highest FAI and E2, and excess 17αOHPG when compared to the other phenotypes. Patients classified as phenotype B had irregular cycles, no neuroendocrine dysfunction, obesity, acanthosis nigricans, and insulin resistance. Lastly, patients classified as phenotype C had regular cycles, acne, hirsutism, excess P4, and the highest P4 to E2 molar ratio. The differences across phenotypes suggested distinct phenotypic expression of this syndrome, and the biochemical and clinical correlates of each phenotype are likely to be useful in the management of women with PCOS. These phenotypic criteria are distinct from criteria used for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Suhail A R Doi
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Kolcsár M, Berecki B, Gáll Z. Relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Hormonal Status in Infertile Women: A Retrospective Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3024. [PMID: 37835767 PMCID: PMC10572638 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Infertility is a prevalent issue that affects 10-18% of couples worldwide, and up to 30% in Eastern Europe. Infertility of unknown etiology is one of the most challenging forms of infertility. Vitamin D has recently been extensively studied and researchers are investigating its possible role in ovulation and pregnancy. While the evidence suggests a positive association between vitamin D and ovulation, more research is needed to understand the role that vitamin D plays in ovulation. (2) Methods: In this study, 86 infertile patients were studied retrospectively in a single center by analyzing their anthropometric (body mass index), biochemical (total cholesterol, insulin resistance) and hormonal data in correlation with their vitamin D status. (3) Results: It was found that the mid-luteal progesterone level was significantly related to the 25-hydroxy vitamin D level in a multivariate linear regression model. An analysis of subgroups of ovulatory and anovulatory patients suggests that serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels of approximately 20 ng/mL may be necessary to trigger ovulation or to support progesterone secretion. (4) Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency should be considered when infertility of unknown etiology and progesterone-related disorders occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Kolcsár
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 38, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Bernadett Berecki
- Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 38, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Zsolt Gáll
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 38, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
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Pich K, Rajewska J, Kamińska K, Tchurzyk M, Szlaga A, Sambak P, Błasiak A, Grzesiak M, Rak A. Effect of Vitamin D 3 on Chemerin and Adiponectin Levels in Uterus of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats. Cells 2023; 12:2026. [PMID: 37626836 PMCID: PMC10453942 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder with disrupted uterus structure and function. A positive effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) in female reproduction was observed. Chemerin (RARRES2) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) are the main adipokines whose levels are altered in PCOS patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of VD3 supplementation on RARRES2 and ADIPOQ levels in the uterus of PCOS rats. METHODS We analyzed the plasma levels and uterine transcript and protein expression of RARRES2 and ADIPOQ and their receptors (CCRL2, CMKLR1, GPR1, and ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2, respectively) in rats with letrozole-induced PCOS. RESULTS In control animals, VD3 did not change plasma levels of both adipokines, while in PCOS rats supplemented with VD3, they returned to control levels. The expression of RARRES2 and all investigated receptors increased in the uterus of VD3-treated rats; however, the levels of Rarres2 and Gpr1 genes remained unchanged. VD3 supplementation decreased RARRES2, CMKLR1, and GPR1 but increased CCRL2 level to the control value. In the uterus of VD3-treated rats, the transcript and protein levels of ADIPOQ and both receptors ADIPOR1 increased. At the same time, VD3 supplementation induced an increase in Adipoq, Adipor1, and Adipor2 gene expression and restored protein levels to control level values. CONCLUSIONS our findings indicate a new mechanism of VD3 action in the uterine physiology of PCOS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (K.P.); (J.R.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Jesika Rajewska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (K.P.); (J.R.)
| | - Kinga Kamińska
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.K.); (P.S.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcelina Tchurzyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Agata Szlaga
- Department of Neurophysiology and Chronobiology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Patryk Sambak
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.K.); (P.S.)
- Department of Neurophysiology and Chronobiology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Błasiak
- Department of Neurophysiology and Chronobiology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Małgorzata Grzesiak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (K.P.); (J.R.)
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Lejman-Larysz K, Golara A, Baranowska M, Kozłowski M, Guzik P, Szydłowska I, Nawrocka-Rutkowska J, Sowińska-Przepiera E, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Brodowska A. Influence of Vitamin D on the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and Hormonal Balance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Nutrients 2023; 15:2952. [PMID: 37447279 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder that affects 8-13% of women of reproductive age. It is one of the most common causes of infertility and is associated with hyperandrogenism in the form of hirsutism and acne, non-ovulatory cycles, and characteristic ovarian morphology. The available research on serum vitamin D deficiency in patients with PCOS and the appropriateness of vitamin D supplementation in this group of women is inconclusive, so we decided to investigate the influence of vitamin D on the incidence of metabolic syndrome and hormonal balance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. The study comprised 120 women aged between 18 and 42 years, who were divided into two groups: a group with diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and a group of regularly menstruating women without features of androgenisation, in whom polycystic ovary syndrome was excluded. Each patient underwent a history and physical examination, including a gynecological examination, anthropometric measurements were taken, including height, weight, waist, and hip circumference, and blood pressure was measured using the Korotkow method. In the female patients, the following parameters were also determined from the blood: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol, TSH, ft4, prolactin (PRL), total testosterone, DHEASO4, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), androstendione, 25(OH) vitamin D3 metabolite. The majority of the patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were found to have deficient or suboptimal serum vitamin D levels, and the effects of vitamin D on the SHBG levels and free-androgen indices in these patients was examined. The effects of vitamin D on the incidence of metabolic syndrome and BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, and blood pressure in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Lejman-Larysz
- Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Golara
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Baranowska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kozłowski
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Guzik
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, City Hospital, 35-241 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Iwona Szydłowska
- Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Nawrocka-Rutkowska
- Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Sowińska-Przepiera
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Brodowska
- Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
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Babu A, Ramanathan G. Multi-omics insights and therapeutic implications in polycystic ovary syndrome: a review. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:130. [PMID: 37079114 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01053-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological disease that causes adverse effects in women in their reproductive phase. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Over the last decade, sequencing and omics approaches have advanced at an increased pace. Omics initiatives have come to the forefront of biomedical research by presenting the significance of biological functions and processes. Thus, multi-omics profiling has yielded important insights into understanding the biology of PCOS by identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Multi-omics platforms provide high-throughput data to leverage the molecular mechanisms and pathways involving genetic alteration, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, protein interaction, and metabolic alterations in PCOS. The purpose of this review is to outline the prospects of multi-omics technologies in PCOS research by revealing novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we address the knowledge gaps and emerging treatment strategies for the management of PCOS. Future PCOS research in multi-omics at the single-cell level may enhance diagnostic and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achsha Babu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Gnanasambandan Ramanathan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Zhang B, Yao X, Zhong X, Hu Y, Xu J. Vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14291. [PMID: 36942243 PMCID: PMC10023924 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D level is closely associated with the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on patients with PCOS, to provide reliable evidence to the clinical treatment of PCOS. Methods We searched PubMed, Medline, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, WanFang, China national knowledge infrastructure(CNKI) and Weipu databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of PCOS. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of included RCTs. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results 13 RCTs with 840 PCOS patients were included finally. Meta-analyses indicated that vitamin D supplementation increase the serum vitamin D level[mean difference(MD) = 17.81, 95% confidence interval(CI) (10.65, 24.97)] and endometrial thickness [MD = 1.78, 95%CI (0.49, 3.06), P = 0.007], reduce the serum hs-CRP [MD = -0.54, 95%CI (-1.00, -0.08)], parathyroid hormone[MD = -14.76, 95%CI (-28.32, -1.19)], total cholesterol[MD = -12.00, 95%CI (-18.36, -5.56)] and total testosterone level [MD = -0.17, 95%CI (-0.29, -0.05)] (all p < 0.05). No significant differences in the SHBG level [MD = 1.33, 95%CI (-2.70, 5.36)] and mF-G score [MD = 0.04, 95%CI (-0.79, 0.86)] between vitamin D and control group were found (all p > 0.05). Egger's tests showed that there were no publication biases in every synthesized result (all P > 0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D may be helpful to improve the endocrine and metabolism-related indexes in patients with PCOS. More high-quality studies with larger sample size are warranted to further evaluate the role of vitamin D supplementation in patients with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Zhang
- Reproductive Immunization Center,Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute(Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510660, China
| | - Xiuhua Yao
- Gynecology Department, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xingming Zhong
- Reproductive Immunization Center, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute(Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510660, China
| | - Yang Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute, Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510660, China
| | - Jianying Xu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
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Zhang N, Liao Y, Zhao H, Chen T, Jia F, Yu Y, Zhu S, Wang C, Zhang W, Liu X. Polycystic ovary syndrome and 25-hydroxyvitamin D: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1110341. [PMID: 36967791 PMCID: PMC10034407 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1110341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating observational studies have indicated that vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) < 50 nmol/L) is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the direction and causal nature remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal association between PCOS and 25OHD. METHODS A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was used to evaluate the causal association between PCOS and 25OHD. From the publicly available European-lineage genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics for PCOS (4,890 cases of PCOS and 20,405 controls) and 25OHD (n = 417,580), we selected 11 and 102 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs), respectively. In univariate MR (uvMR) analysis, inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was employed in the primary MR analysis and multiple sensitivity analyses were implemented. Additionally, a multivariable MR (mvMR) design was carried to adjust for obesity and insulin resistance (IR) as well. RESULTS UvMR demonstrated that genetically determined PCOS was negatively associated with 25OHD level (IVW Beta: -0.02, P = 0.008). However, mvMR found the causal effect disappeared when adjusting the influence of obesity and IR. Both uvMR and mvMR analysis didn't support the causal effect of 25OHD deficiency on risk of PCOS (IVW OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.66 ~ 1.12, P = 0.280). CONCLUSION Our findings highlighted that the casual effect of PCOS on 25OHD deficiency might be mediated by obesity and IR, and failed to find substantial causal effect of 25OHD deficiency on risk of PCOS. Further observational studies and clinical trials are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Jia
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqin Zhu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoying Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wufan Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinmin Liu,
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11
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BOLOTOVA EV, DUDNIKOVA AV, FILIPPOV FE, KRUTOVA VA, PROSOLUPOVA NS, SOROCHENKO AА. Features of metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome combined with obesity. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2022. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.20.04531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Teo P, Henry BA, Moran LJ, Cowan S, Bennett C. The role of sleep in PCOS: what we know and what to consider in the future. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:305-318. [PMID: 35815469 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2082941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep disturbance and clinical sleep conditions disrupt endocrine signals, energy expenditure and nutritional intake. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at higher risk of sleep disturbances and clinical conditions. It is possible that sleep may contribute to the exacerbation of PCOS. This review aims to explore the relationship between sleep and chronic disease, particularly in women with PCOS. AREAS COVERED This review narratively explores what sleep is, how to measure sleep and the possible mechanisms that support the link between sleep in adipose tissue deposition, insulin resistance and the presentation of PCOS. EXPERT OPINION Research shows that disturbed sleep and clinical sleep conditions disrupt energy expenditure. This may increase adipose tissue deposition and exacerbate insulin resistance which are known to worsen the presentation of PCOS. Further, sleep disturbance in women with PCOS may ameliorate any positive lifestyle changes made after diagnosis. Cognitive behavioural therapy interventions for sleep are a successful strategy for the management of sleep disturbances in the general population. However, such interventions are yet to be trialled in women with PCOS. Given the proposed implications, interventions to improve sleep could provide additional support for women with PCOS to successfully implement lifestyle strategies and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiseah Teo
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Belinda A Henry
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Metabolism, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa J Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Christie Bennett
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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13
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Coskun G, Sencar L, Tuli A, Dundar Yenilmez E, Polat S. The effect of Vitamin D on testosterone and uncarboxylated osteocalcin levels in aged male rats. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:368-376. [PMID: 35675386 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2083280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a well-established complex interaction between vitamin D metabolism and bone and gonad functions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential effects of vitamin D therapy on testosterone and osteocalcin (OC) levels in aged male rats. Forty-five adult male rats were divided into three groups in this study. Unlike the control group, the two experimental groups received 50 IU/kg/day and 100 IU/kg/day of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), respectively, for a 4-week period using the gavage method. Testicular tissue and blood samples from rats were collected under general anesthesia at the end of the 4-week period. Testicular tissue samples were examined using light and electron microscopy. Additionally, serum testosterone and OC levels were measured in blood samples. The 50 IU/kg dose of cholecalciferol increased testosterone and OC levels, which were lower than normal due to aging, and regulated the organization of the seminiferous tubule epithelium and interstitium more effectively than the 100 IU/kg dose of cholecalciferol. Male fertility functions and bone health, which degrade due to aging, were increased due to the use of exogenous vitamin D, although the higher dose was not associated with more effective results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulfidan Coskun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Leman Sencar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Tuli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ebru Dundar Yenilmez
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sait Polat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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14
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Holzer I, Parry JP, Beitl K, Pozderovic B, Marculescu R, Ott J. Parameters for Calcium Metabolism in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Who Undergo Stimulation with Letrozole: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092597. [PMID: 35566720 PMCID: PMC9101906 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and infertility, stimulation with the aromatase-inhibitor letrozole has been recommended as a first-line for ovulation induction. Calcium-associated signaling has also been a component for other ovulation induction and superovulation medications. This study’s aim was to evaluate parameters of calcium metabolism in PCOS women. In a prospective cohort study, 61 anovulatory, infertile PCOS patients who underwent letrozole stimulation were included. Outcome measures were: follicular maturation after letrozole stimulation; parathyroid hormone (PTH); 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3); serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, albumin, and total protein. Successful recruitment of a dominant follicle was achieved in 35 patients (57.4%). Women with and without successful follicular development did not differ in serum levels of PTH (38.4 ± 19.7 vs. 39.6 ± 16.2 pg/mL), 25OHD3 (62.5 ± 32.1 vs. 65.4 ± 30.9 nmol/L), calcium (2.36 ± 0.08 vs. 2.37 ± 0.12 mmol/L), or protein (70.2 ± 13.3 vs. 74.0 ± 3.7 g/L), respectively (p > 0.05). However, women who were not responsive to letrozole for ovulation induction demonstrated higher anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels (9.7 ± 4.7 vs. 5.0 ± 3.2 ng/mL, p = 0.005). In conclusion, the success of letrozole stimulation in women with PCOS is independent from calcium metabolism parameters. However, AMH levels seem predictive of medication resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Holzer
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
| | - John Preston Parry
- Parryscope and Positive Steps Fertility, Madison, WI 39110, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Klara Beitl
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
| | - Boban Pozderovic
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
| | - Rodrig Marculescu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Johannes Ott
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-28130
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Rashid R, Mir SA, Kareem O, Ali T, Ara R, Malik A, Amin F, Bader GN. Polycystic ovarian syndrome-current pharmacotherapy and clinical implications. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 61:40-50. [PMID: 35181044 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrinopathy in women is characterized by polycystic ovaries, chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. The treatment in PCOS is mainly symptomatic and involves lifestyle interventions and medications such as Metformin, Oral contraceptives and Antiandrogens. However, the management of PCOS is challenging and current interventions are not able to deal with outcomes of this syndrome. This review encompasses latest pharmacotherapeutic and non-pharmacotherapeutic interventions currently in use to tackle various symptomatic contentions in PCOS. Our focus has been mainly on novel therapeutic modalities for treatment/management of PCOS, like use of newer insulin sensitizers viz., Inositols, Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) agonists, Dipeptidyl pepdidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, and sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. Also, evidence suggesting the use of vitamin D, statins, and Letrozole as emerging therapies in PCOS have been summarized in this review. Additionally, novel cosmetic techniques like electrolysis, laser and use of topically applied eflornithine to tackle the most distressing feature of facial hirsutism associated with PCOS, non-pharmacological therapy like acupuncture and the role of herbal medicine in PCOS management have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumaisa Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Suhail Ahmad Mir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Ozaifa Kareem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Tabassum Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Rifat Ara
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College & Hospital, Bemina, Srinagar, 190001, India.
| | - Anjum Malik
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College & Hospital, Bemina, Srinagar, 190001, India.
| | - Fiza Amin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lala Ded Hospital, Govt Medical College Srinagar, India.
| | - G N Bader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India.
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16
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Shan C, Zhu YC, Yu J, Zhang Y, Wang YY, Lu N, Cai J, Liu W, Tao T. Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Are Associated With Hyperandrogenemia in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:894935. [PMID: 35586624 PMCID: PMC9108253 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.894935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests a link between vitamin D and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, whether vitamin D is related to hyperandrogenemia in PCOS is still inconclusive. The aim of our study is to elucidate the relationship between vitamin D and hyperandrogenemia in women with PCOS in China. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study including 625 Chinese women with PCOS and 217 controls from January 2016 to June 2020. The anthropometric and biochemical parameters related to 25(OH)D, sex steroids, glucose and lipid profiles were measured. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels were lower in women with PCOS than controls (33.99 ± 15.05 vs 36.58 ± 16.49 nmol/L, P = 0.034), especially lower in hyperandrogenic women with PCOS (32.79 ± 14.24 vs 36.21 ± 16.27 nmol/L, P = 0.007). Higher 25(OH)D levels were independently associated with lower risks of hyperandrogenemia after adjusting demographic, metabolic and hormonal confounders (OR = 0.982, 95% CI: 0.969 - 0.995, P = 0.006). Consistent results were observed in subgroup analyses. Among PCOS women with vitamin D deficiency, females with age ≥ 26 years had lower risks of hyperandrogenemia (OR = 0.611, 95% CI = 0.389 - 0.958, P = 0.032), while overweight patients had higher risks of hyperandrogenemia (OR = 2.202, 95% CI = 1.130 - 4.293, P = 0.020) after adjusting multiple confounders. CONCLUSIONS Our study reported lower vitamin D levels in Chinese women with PCOS, especially in those with hyperandrogenemia. An independent negative correlation between 25(OH)D and hyperandrogenemia was noted in PCOS. For PCOS women with vitamin D deficiency, females that have higher BMI with age < 26 years may be prioritized for hyperandrogenemia assessment.
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17
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PCOS and Depression: Common Links and Potential Targets. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:3106-3123. [PMID: 34642910 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00765-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PCOS or polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder that occurs during the reproductive age in females. It manifests in the form of a wide range of symptoms including (but not limited to) hirsutism, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, obesity, acne vulgaris, infertility, alopecia, and insulin resistance. The incidence of depression in PCOS population is increasing as compared to the general population. Increased depression in PCOS significantly alters the quality of life (QOL) of affected females. Also, self-esteem is found to be low in both depression and PCOS. The loss in self-esteem in such patients can be largely attributed to the associated factors including (but not limited to) obesity, acne, androgenic alopecia, and hirsutism. The reason behind the occurrence of depression in PCOS remains elusive to date. Literature suggests that there is an overlap of clinical symptoms between depression and PCOS. As the symptoms overlap, there is a possibility of common associations between depression, PCOS, and PCOS-associated abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR), obesity, CVD, and androgen excess. Studies demonstrate that depression is an inflammatory disorder marked with increased levels of inflammatory markers. On the other hand, PCOS is also regarded as a pro-inflammatory state that is characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory markers. Thus, there is a possibility of an inflammatory relationship existing between depression and PCOS. It is also possible that the inflammatory markers in PCOS can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leading to the development of depression. Through the present review, we have attempted to shed light on common associations/shared links between depression and PCOS with respect to the levels of cortisol, androgen, vitamin D, neurotransmitters, monoaminoxidase (MAO), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Tracking down common associations between depression and PCOS will help find potential drug therapies and improve the QOL of females with depression in PCOS.
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18
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Sarahian N, Sarvazad H, Sajadi E, Rahnejat N, Eskandari Roozbahani N. Investigation of common risk factors between polycystic ovary syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: a narrative review. Reprod Health 2021; 18:156. [PMID: 34311759 PMCID: PMC8314638 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common endocrine and metabolic disorders in premenopausal women is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and/or ultrasound evidence of small ovarian cysts. Obesity and insulin resistance are also the main factors influencing the clinical manifestations of this syndrome. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most typical progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain, and recent studies suggest a relationship between endocrinal dysregulation and neuronal loss during AD pathology. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the common risk factors for Alzheimer's and PCOS based on previous studies. Knowing the common risk factors and eliminating them may prevent neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease in the future. METHOD In this narrative review, international databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and the Web of Science, were searched to retrieve the relevant studies. The relevant studies' summaries were categorized to discuss the possible pathways that may explain the association between Alzheimer's and PCOS signs/symptoms and complications. RESULTS According to our research, the factors involved in Alzheimer's and PCOS disorders may share some common risk factors. In patients with PCOS, increased LH to FSH ratio, decreased vitamin D, insulin resistance, and obesity are some of the most important factors that may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Sarahian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosna Sarvazad
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Sajadi
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Rahnejat
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Eskandari Roozbahani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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19
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Azhar A, Haider G, Naseem Z, Farooqui N, Farooqui MU, Rehman R. Morphological changes in the experimental model of polycystic ovary syndrome and effects of vitamin D treatment. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:1164-1171. [PMID: 33496002 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM This research was designed to develop an animal model by inducing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and observe reproductive and morphological changes after treatment with vitamin D. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty pre-pubertal female Sprague-Dawley (SD) dams were recruited. The animals were distributed 10 each in control, PCOS and vitamin D-treated groups. In control group 0.2 ml of sesame oil was given. PCOS group was administered DHEA by the daily dose of 6 mg/kg for 30 days. In vitamin D-treated group, animals were injected 6 mg/kg/day DHEA daily and 120 ng 1, 25(OH) 2D3/100 g subcutaneously once a week. The occurrence of reproductive phenotypic PCOS was evaluated by estrous cycle, morphology and histological changes of ovary, uterus on light microscope. RESULTS The results of this study showed significant weight gain, obesity, and estrous irregularity in PCOs group as compared to control and vitamin D-treated group. CONCLUSION Administration of vitamin D (120 ng 1, 25(OH) 2D3/100) improved the cycle characteristics, reduced body weight and morphological features in PCOS induced animals. The results support the effect of vitamin D treatment for metabolic and reproductive characteristic features in PCOS females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arfa Azhar
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Haider
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Naseem
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nida Farooqui
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad U Farooqui
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaeed Muhtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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20
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Jeremic A, Mikovic Z, Soldatovic I, Sudar-Milovanovic E, Isenovic ER, Perovic M. Follicular and serum levels of vitamin D in women with unexplained infertility and their relationship with in vitro fertilization outcome: an observational pilot study. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:1418-1422. [PMID: 34522272 PMCID: PMC8425239 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/141185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Follicular and serum vitamin D are considered potential markers of the oocyte and embryos' quality and predictors of in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study correlated vitamin D in sera and follicular fluid of women with unexplained infertility mutually and with IVF outcomes. ELISA was used for measuring vitamin D. RESULTS The results show positive correlation only between follicular and serum levels of vitamin D (Rho = 0.615, p = 0.025), and between follicular levels of vitamin D and the percentage of embryo fragmentation (Rho = 0.544; p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that serum and follicular fluid vitamin D measurements could be complementary tools to the routine assessment of embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Jeremic
- Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zeljko Mikovic
- Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Soldatovic
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emina Sudar-Milovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Perovic
- Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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21
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Grzesiak M, Socha M, Hrabia A. Altered vitamin D metabolic system in follicular cysts of sows. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 56:193-196. [PMID: 33217765 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine 25OHD3 concentration in the fluid of follicular and follicular lutein cysts of sows in comparison with preovulatory follicles as well as immunolocalize vitamin D metabolic enzymes (CYP27B1 and CYP24A1) and determine their protein abundances in the cyst wall. We have shown for the first time that 25OHD3 level in the fluid of both cyst types was significantly lower than in preovulatory follicles. Furthermore, we have demonstrated CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 protein immunolocalization and abundance in follicular and follicular lutein cysts. The abundance of protein for both metabolic enzymes was decreased in ovarian cysts when compared to preovulatory follicles. We propose that altered VD metabolism in ovarian cyst might associate with their formation in sows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Grzesiak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Socha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Hrabia
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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22
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Safi A, Orazov M, Kalinchenko S. The role of cholecalciferol deficiency in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 16:1745506520969606. [PMID: 33226913 PMCID: PMC7686588 DOI: 10.1177/1745506520969606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to evaluate and compare clinical presentations, medical history, and laboratory data of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, including vitamin 25(OH)D3 level. METHODS In total, 81 patients were examined. The patient group included 51 patients with signs of polycystic ovary syndrome. The control group included 30 healthy women without signs of polycystic ovary syndrome, comparable according to gender and age to the patient group. Polycystic ovary syndrome was verified based on the diagnostic Rotterdam and international polycystic ovary syndrome guidelines' criteria. The levels of cholecalciferol were determined by mass spectrometry (ng/mL). At the second stage of the study, the patient group with polycystic ovary syndrome was divided into two subgroups depending on the waist circumference and compared with each other by the level of insulin, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, anti-Mullerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. Statistical analysis was carried out using the parametric t-test for two-independent samples with equal or different variance. For nominal data-Pearson's chi-test, when the means are not calculated and a test is carried out for the presence of a relationship between the nominal variables. RESULTS Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and without polycystic ovary syndrome did not have a statistically significant difference in 25(OH)D3 level. Statistically significant differences in the level of 25(OH)D3 were found in women with polycystic ovary syndrome with the waist circumference ⩾80 cm. In these subgroups, differences in insulin, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides levels were also revealed. CONCLUSION The correlation of the 25(OH)D3 level does not differ in the groups of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and without polycystic ovary syndrome, but significantly correlates with the metabolic profile of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigul Safi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Course in Perinatology, Institute of Medicine, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.,"D-Doctor" Private Clinic, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Mekan Orazov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Course in Perinatology, Institute of Medicine, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Kalinchenko
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Medicine, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Gorelova IV, Popova PV, Rulev MV. [Vitamin D and reproductive health]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 66:96-101. [PMID: 33369377 DOI: 10.14341/probl12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in women with infertility is more common than in the population. However, we still do not know the exact mechanisms for the participation of vitamin D in the regulation of reproductive function. The purpose of this study is to analyze actual literature data on the role of vitamin D in the regulation of reproductive system and its influence on using of assisted reproductive technologies for the treatment of infertility. A search was carried out for literary sources published in the NSBI database PubMed, Medline, and others with a search depth of up to 20 years. 135 sources on this topic were studied, of which 54 were included in the analysis. The review presents data obtained in animal studies, in vitro and in clinical studies. Thus, the absence of vitamin D resulted in a dramatical decrease in fertility in both female and male rats and mice, due to the development of hypocalcemia. In vitro studies describe its involvement in the receptive transformation of the endometrium and in the regulation of the immune response during embryo implantation. However, clinical studies often show conflicting results. There is no unequivocal data on the effect of vitamin D levels on spermogram parameters, but a decrease in the pregnancy rate was shown when ovulation was induced in pairs, where a vitamin D deficiency was revealed in men. A meta-analysis published in 2017 showed a decrease in the pregnancy and live birth rate in women with low levels of vitamin D after the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). It was not possible to establish whether this decrease depends on oocyte quality or endometrium. There is an opportunity that the effect of vitamin D deficiency on fertility will not come with all forms of infertility. For example, in women with anovulation due to polycystic ovary syndrome, vitamin D deficiency is demonstrated to decrease pregnancy rate in ovulation induction cycles and in ART. Such relationship was not found in women with unexplained infertility.Thus, the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of infertility requires further study, as well as the possibilities of therapy in order to increase the effectiveness of infertility treatment methods and assisted reproductive technology programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Gorelova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Institute of Perinatology and Pediatrics
| | - P V Popova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Institute of Perinatology and Pediatrics
| | - M V Rulev
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Institute of Perinatology and Pediatrics
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Altered vitamin D 3 metabolism in the ovary and periovarian adipose tissue of rats with letrozole-induced PCOS. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 155:101-116. [PMID: 33095902 PMCID: PMC7847874 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) plays an important role in the ovary and its deficiency is associated with ovarian pathologies, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is no data related to VD3 metabolism in the ovary during PCOS. Herein, we investigated differences in the expression of VD3 receptor (VDR) and key VD3 metabolic enzymes, 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), in the ovary and periovarian adipose tissue (POAT) of control (proestrus and diestrus) and PCOS induced by letrozole rats. Vdr, Cyp27b1 and Cyp24a1 mRNA expression was determined, their protein abundance was examined and immunolocalized. Furthermore, VD3 metabolite concentrations in plasma (25OHD) and tissues (ovary and POAT; 1,25(OH)2D3), and plasma calcium level were determined. 25OHD concentration decreased markedly in letrozole-treated rats in comparison with controls, whereas calcium concentration did not vary among the examined groups. The amount of 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased in both ovary and POAT of PCOS rats. In the ovary, we found decreased Cyp27b1 and increased Vdr mRNA expression in letrozole-treated and diestrus control group. Corresponding protein abundances were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively but only following letrozole treatment. In POAT, only Cyp27b1 transcript level and CYP27B1 protein abundance were decreased in letrozole-treated rats. VDR was immunolocalized in healthy and cystic follicles, while CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 were found exclusively in healthy ones. Concluding, our results provide the first evidence of disrupted VD3 metabolism in the ovary and POAT of PCOS rats. The reduced 1,25(OH)2D3 concentration in those tissues suggests their contribution to VD3 deficiency observed in PCOS and might implicate in PCOS pathogenesis.
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Jin B, Qian L, Fu X, Zhu J, Shu J. Influence of vitamin D supplementation on lipid levels in polycystic ovary syndrome patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520935313. [PMID: 32776821 PMCID: PMC7418257 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520935313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Observational studies have shown that circulating vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is associated with atherogenic lipid patterns among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. However, interventional studies have shown inconsistent results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate how VitD supplementation influences lipid indices in PCOS patients. Methods The authors searched four electronic databases through August 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of VitD intervention on serum lipids among PCOS patients. Mean differences were generated for statistical evaluation. Results We included eight studies and performed nine comparisons across 467 participants. VitD supplementation reduced serum triglyceride levels (−11.88 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −17.03 to −6.73), total cholesterol (−9.09 mg/dL; 95% CI: −14.90 to −3.29), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−5.22 mg/dL; 95% CI: −10.32 to −0.13), and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−2.43 mg/dL; 95% CI: −3.69 to −1.17) compared with no VitD supplementation. However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels showed no differences with or without VitD supplementation (−0.39 mg/dL; 95% CI: −1.39 to 0.61). Conclusions VitD supplementation improved serum lipid levels among PCOS patients, but serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not changed. VitD intervention might benefit PCOS patients who are at high risk of an atherogenic lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihui Jin
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingbo Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Shu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Emerging Trends in Research on Food Compounds and Women’s Fertility: A Systematic Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10134518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pro-healthy behaviours, including the diet, are significant factors in maintaining women’s fertility health. However, to improve the patient’s nutrition management, it is important to seek food-derived bioactive compounds to support fertility treatment. This review analysed recent studies of food compounds related to fertility, using databases including PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct as well as PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews) to ensure complete and transparent reporting of systematic reviews. This review lists foods associated with a higher birth rate, using original papers from the last five years (2015). The analysis included the impact of food compounds such as caffeine, fatty acids, folates and vitamin D, as well as the intake of fish, whole grains, dairy and soya. In addition, dietary patterns and total diet composition supporting women’s fertility were also analysed. The results will encourage further research on the relationship between food components and fertility.
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Piovezan JM, Premaor MO, Comim FV. Negative impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 25:633-645. [PMID: 31374576 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has reproductive and metabolic aspects that may affect bone health. Controversial results from different studies regarding the risk of fractures, bone mineral density (BMD) or bone markers led to uncertainty whether PCOS might improve or deteriorate bone health. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This study aimed to investigate the impact of PCOS on bone markers, BMD and fracture risk. SEARCH METHODS A systematic review and a meta-analysis were carried out. PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched for eligible studies from 1st of January of 1990 to 9th of October of 2018. Eligible studies enrolled women older than 18 years with PCOS, which should be diagnosed according to the Rotterdam Consensus, the Androgen Excess Society, the National Institutes of Health Consensus or the International Classification of Diseases. The studies were grouped according to patient mean BMI: <27 kg/m2 or ≥27 kg/m2. The results were polled as mean difference (MD), standardized MD (SMD) and hazard ratio (HR). OUTCOMES Overall, 921 studies were retrieved, and 31 duplicated studies were removed. After screening the titles and abstracts, 80 studies were eligible for full text reading. Of those, 23 studies remained for qualitative synthesis. With the exception of one study, all studies were considered high quality based on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS; score ≥6). Meta-analysis was performed in 21 studies, with a total of 31 383 women with PCOS and 102 797 controls. Women with PCOS with BMI <27 kg/m2 had lower BMD of the total femur (MD, -0.04; 95% CI, -0.07 to 0.00; I2 = 31%; P = 0.22) and spine (MD, -0.07; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.01; I2 = 70%; P < 0.01) when compared with the control group, whereas for women with BMI ≥27 kg/m2 no difference was observed (femur: MD, 0.02; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.05; I2 = 20%, P = 0.29; spine: MD, 0.02; 95% CI, -0.06 to 0.05; I2 = 0%; P = 0.84). Osteocalcin was remarkably reduced in women with PCOS with BMI <27 kg/m2 (SMD, -2.68; 95% CI, -4.70 to -0.67; I2 = 98%; P < 0.01), but in women with BMI ≥27 kg/m2, there were no differences between PCOS and controls. Few studies (n = 3) addressed the incidence of bone fractures in women with PCOS. The HR for total bone fractures did not identify differences between women with PCOS and controls. WIDER IMPLICATIONS On the basis of the available evidence, it is possible to assume that PCOS in women with BMI <27 kg/m2 is associated with reduced BMD in the spine and femur, and decreased bone formation, as manifested by lower levels of circulating osteocalcin. These findings suggest that bone parameters in PCOS may be linked, to some extent, to adiposity. These studies included premenopausal women, who have already achieved peak bone mass. Hence, further prospective studies are necessary to clarify the existence of increased risk of fractures in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Mottecy Piovezan
- Post Graduation Program, Health Sciences Professional Master, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Melissa Orlandin Premaor
- Post Graduation Program, Health Sciences Professional Master, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fábio Vasconcellos Comim
- Post Graduation Program, Health Sciences Professional Master, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Genotype-independent association between vitamin D deficiency and polycystic ovarian syndrome in Lahore, Pakistan. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2290. [PMID: 32042037 PMCID: PMC7010676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Both vitamin D deficiency and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been widely reported to associate with susceptibility to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). A case-control study was conducted to study the influence of vitamin D status and genotpye for 24 SNPs in four genes in the vitamin D pathway (VDR, DBP, CYP27B1, CYP24A1) on PCOS. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify phenotypic and genotypic factors associated with risk of PCOS and to test for interactions between genotype and vitamin D status. PCOS was independently associated with lower age, higher body mass index, lower waist-hip ratio, vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration <10 ng/mL), lack of outdoor exercise, increased fasting glucose and a family history of PCOS in at least one first degree relative. No statistically significant association was observed between the genotype of any SNP investigated and risk of PCOS, either as a main effect or in interaction with vitamin D status. We report a strong and independent association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of PCOS in Pakistan, that was not modified by genetic variation in the vitamin D pathway.
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Guo S, Tal R, Jiang H, Yuan T, Liu Y. Vitamin D Supplementation Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction in Patients with PCOS: A SystematicReview of RCTs and Insight into the Underlying Mechanism. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:7850816. [PMID: 33424968 PMCID: PMC7773476 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7850816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency correlated with metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation alone on glucose, lipid, and androgen parameters and inflammation biomarkers in women with PCOS. METHODS Literature research was conducted in Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, and Cochrane Library to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to March 2020. The effect of vitamin D supplementation alone on women with PCOS was compared with administration of placebo. The systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Prospero) as number CRD42020157444. RESULTS Thirteen randomized controlled trials with 824 patients in total were included. Serum FPG, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and VLDL-C were significantly decreased in the vitamin D group versus placebo. Vitamin D supplementation group also showed a significantly elevated level of QUICKI. No significant impact was seen on serum triglyceride, total-C, LDL-C, HDL-C, total testosterone, DHEAS, SHBG, or hs-CRP. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that oral vitamin D intake had significantly decreased serum triglyceride and total-C level in women with PCOS who have vitamin D deficiency (serum vitamin D < 20 ng/ml). CONCLUSION The findings of the present meta-analysis indicate that vitamin D supplementation exerted favorable effects among women with PCOS on glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism, especially in vitamin D deficient women, but had no significant effect on the androgenic profile or inflammation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Guo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Reshef Tal
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Haoyu Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
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Wang L, Lv S, Li F, Yu X, Bai E, Yang X. Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Metabolic Risk Factors in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shaanxi China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:171. [PMID: 32296394 PMCID: PMC7136495 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women at reproductive age, which is characterized by obesity, hyperandrogenemia, and insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to investigate the vitamin D status, and analyze the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic risk factors in PCOS women in Shaanxi China. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 169 women diagnosed with PCOS and 114 control women without PCOS. The serum 25(OH)D and metabolic markers were measured. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25(OH)D concentration less than 20 ng/mL. The primary outcome was the difference in vitamin D status between the PCOS and control groups, the secondary outcomes were correlations between serum 25(OH)D concentration and metabolic risk factors in women with PCOS. Results: The serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in women with PCOS than in controls (P < 0.05), and the prevalence rates of 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency were significantly higher in women with PCOS than in controls (P < 0.05). The serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in PCOS women with obesity or IR than in women without obesity or IR (P < 0.05), and the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency in PCOS women with obesity or IR was significantly higher than in women without obesity or IR (P < 0.05). Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P < 0.05). In comparison, serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P < 0.05). Increased BMI and WHR, high levels of fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-C and hs-CRP were regarded as risk factors, but high level of HDL-C was considered to be protective factor of vitamin D deficiency in PCOS women. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in PCOS women in Shaanxi China, especially in those with obesity and IR. The serum 25(OH)D level was correlated with metabolic risk factors in PCOS women. Multi-center randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed to probe the metabolic effect of vitamin D supplementation in PCOS women.
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Gill V, Kumar V, Singh K, Kumar A, Kim JJ. Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) May Be a Striking Link Between Modern Diet and Health. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120888. [PMID: 31861217 PMCID: PMC6995512 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Maillard reaction is a simple but ubiquitous reaction that occurs both in vivo and ex vivo during the cooking or processing of foods under high-temperature conditions, such as baking, frying, or grilling. Glycation of proteins is a post-translational modification that forms temporary adducts, which, on further crosslinking and rearrangement, form permanent residues known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Cooking at high temperature results in various food products having high levels of AGEs. This review underlines the basis of AGE formation and their corresponding deleterious effects on the body. Glycated Maillard products have a direct association with the pathophysiology of some metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), acute renal failure (ARF), Alzheimer’s disease, dental health, allergies, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The most glycated and structurally abundant protein is collagen, which acts as a marker for diabetes and aging, where decreased levels indicate reduced skin elasticity. In diabetes, high levels of AGEs are associated with carotid thickening, ischemic heart disease, uremic cardiomyopathy, and kidney failure. AGEs also mimic hormones or regulate/modify their receptor mechanisms at the DNA level. In women, a high AGE diet directly correlates with high levels of androgens, anti-Müllerian hormone, insulin, and androstenedione, promoting ovarian dysfunction and/or infertility. Vitamin D3 is well-associated with the pathogenesis of PCOS and modulates steroidogenesis. It also exhibits a protective mechanism against the harmful effects of AGEs. This review elucidates and summarizes the processing of infant formula milk and the associated health hazards. Formulated according to the nutritional requirements of the newborn as a substitute for mother’s milk, formula milk is a rich source of primary adducts, such as carboxy-methyl lysine, which render an infant prone to inflammation, dementia, food allergies, and other diseases. We therefore recommend that understanding this post-translational modification is the key to unlocking the mechanisms and physiology of various metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhu Gill
- Central Research Station, Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut 250002, India; (V.G.); (K.S.)
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (V.K.); (J.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-53-810-3027 or +82-10-9668-3464 (J.-J.K.); Fax: +82-53-801-3027 (J.-J.K.)
| | - Kritanjali Singh
- Central Research Station, Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut 250002, India; (V.G.); (K.S.)
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India;
| | - Jong-Joo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (V.K.); (J.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-53-810-3027 or +82-10-9668-3464 (J.-J.K.); Fax: +82-53-801-3027 (J.-J.K.)
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Lumme J, Sebert S, Pesonen P, Piltonen T, Järvelin MR, Herzig KH, Auvinen J, Ojaniemi M, Niinimäki M. Vitamin D Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2831. [PMID: 31752304 PMCID: PMC6893754 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting evidence supports a role for vitamin D in women with reproductive disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but studies on large, unselected populations have been lacking. METHODS We conducted a general population-based study from the prospective Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966). Serum 25-hydroksyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were evaluated in women with self-reported PCOS (n = 280) versus non-symptomatic controls (n = 1573) at the age of 31 with wide range of endocrine and metabolic confounders. RESULTS The levels of 25(OH)D were similar among women with and without self-reported PCOS (50.35 vs. 48.30 nmol/L, p = 0.051). Women with self-reported PCOS presented with a higher body mass index (BMI), increased insulin resistance, and low-grade inflammation and testosterone levels compared to controls. The adjusted linear regression model showed a positive association between total 25(OH)D levels in self-reported PCOS (β = 2.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84 to 4.08, p = 0.003). The result remained after adjustment for BMI, testosterone, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. CONCLUSION In this population-based setting, PCOS was associated with higher vitamin D levels when adjusting for confounding factors, without distinct beneficial effects on metabolic derangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Lumme
- PEDEGO Research Unit (Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (T.P.); (M.O.); (M.N.)
- Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (M.-R.J.); (J.A.)
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Paula Pesonen
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Terhi Piltonen
- PEDEGO Research Unit (Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (T.P.); (M.O.); (M.N.)
- Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (M.-R.J.); (J.A.)
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (M.-R.J.); (J.A.)
- Oulunkaari Health Center, 91100 Ii, Finland
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- PEDEGO Research Unit (Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (T.P.); (M.O.); (M.N.)
- Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Maarit Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit (Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (T.P.); (M.O.); (M.N.)
- Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
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33
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Inositols' Importance in the Improvement of the Endocrine-Metabolic Profile in PCOS. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225787. [PMID: 31752081 PMCID: PMC6888190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility and metabolic problems among women of reproductive age. The mechanism of PCOS is associated with concurrent alterations at the hormonal level. The diagnosis assumes the occurrence of three interrelated symptoms of varying severity, namely ovulation disorders, androgen excess, or polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), which all require a proper therapeutic approach. The main symptom seems to be an increased androgen concentration, which in turn may contribute to different metabolic disorders. A number of papers have demonstrated the significant role of inositol therapy in PCOS. However, there is a lack of detailed discussion about the importance of myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI) in reference to particular symptoms. Thus, the aim of this review is to present the effectiveness of MI and DCI treatment for PCOS symptoms. Moreover, the review is focused on analyzing the use of inositols, taking into account their physiological properties, together with the mechanism of individual PCOS symptom formation.
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Arellano-Orden E, Bacopoulou F, Baicus C, Bonfrate L, Broadbent J, Buechler C, Carbone F, Charmandari E, Davis GR, Dullaart RPF, Efthymiou V, Goeser F, Goswami N, Jong GP, Lichtenauer M, Liou YS, Lutz P, Maeng M, Mert GÖ, Mert KU, Montecucco F, Ndrepepa G, Olesen KKW, Oliveira P, Perton FG, Portincasa P, Rodriguez-Panadero F, Schernthaner C, Schutte R. Research update for articles published in EJCI in 2017. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13163. [PMID: 31524285 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Arellano-Orden
- Medical-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Seville, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- First Department of Pediatrics, Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Cristian Baicus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - James Broadbent
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Greggory R Davis
- Red Lerille's/LEQSF Regents Endowed Professor in Health and Physical Education, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Efthymiou
- First Department of Pediatrics, Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Felix Goeser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, German.,German Center for Infection Research, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nandu Goswami
- Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Research Center of Vascular Biology, Immunity and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gwo-Ping Jong
- Division of Internal Cardiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | | | - Yi-Sheng Liou
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung, ROC.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Philipp Lutz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, German.,German Center for Infection Research, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Maeng
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Gurbet Özge Mert
- Department of Cardiology, Eskişehir Yunus Emre State Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kadir Uğur Mert
- Department of Cardiology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Paulo Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Frank G Perton
- Laboratory Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Francisco Rodriguez-Panadero
- Medical-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | | | - Rudolph Schutte
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
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Nasser HA, Ezz NZA, Abdel-Mageed HM, Radwan RA. Body Mass Index and C-reactive Protein Are Potential Predictors of Asthma Development in Egyptian Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients. J Med Biochem 2019; 38:427-436. [PMID: 31496906 PMCID: PMC6708299 DOI: 10.2478/jomb-2019-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest asthma prevalence in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. This is the first study to explore asthma prevalence among Egyptian PCOS patients. It highlighted common findings in PCOS and asthma. It investigated whether these findings could serve as potential predictors of asthma. METHODS A hundred PCOS patients, sixty asthmatic patients and thirty apparently healthy females of matched age were included. Body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IgE, 25 (OH) vitamin D, testosterone and lipid profile were measured. RESULTS Both PCOS and asthmatics had significantly higher BMI, Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, IgE, CRP and IL-6 (P<0.001) and lower 25 (OH) vitamin D levels (P<0.001) compared to controls. Within the PCOS group, 47 patients developed asthma with a significant increase in BMI (P=0.003), CRP and IgE levels (P<0.001) compared to non-asthmatic PCOS. Both asthmatic PCOS and asthmatics expressed elevated BMI, IgE, IL-6 and CRP levels, but with no significant difference between them. Asthmatic PCOS showed significantly higher testosterone and dyslipidemia profile. Multivariate regression revealed that BMI and CRP could predict asthma development within PCOS (OR=1.104, C.I 1.004-1.2 and OR=1, C.I. 1-1.02), respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that BMI and CRP at a cutoff value 28.5 kg/m2 and 117.6 nmol/L respectively could differentiate between asthmatic and non-asthmatic PCOS with sensitivity 63.8 % and specificity 62% for BMI, and sensitivity and specificity of 66% for CRP. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that BMI and CRP are predictors of asthma development in Egyptian PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah Ahmed Nasser
- Microbiology & Public Health Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Heliopolis University, Heliopolis, Egypt
| | - Nermeen Zakaria Abuel Ezz
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heidi Mohamed Abdel-Mageed
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Ali Radwan
- Biochemistry & Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy & Drug Technology, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
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36
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Mohaddesi H, Saei Ghare Naz M, Najarzadeh M, Yeganehpour M, Khalkhali H. Correlation between Depression with Serum Levels of Vitamin D, Calcium and Magnesium in Women of Reproductive Age. J Caring Sci 2019; 8:117-119. [PMID: 31249822 PMCID: PMC6589482 DOI: 10.15171/jcs.2019.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Micronutrient deficiency is one of the common problems in women of reproductive age. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the correlation between the depression with serum levels of vitamin D, calcium and magnesium in women of reproductive age. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study .In this study 100 women 15-44 years old with inclusion criteria of the study were called through an invitation in Urmia Motahari hospital in Iran. Demographic and obstetric information as well as the short form Beck Depression Inventory were completed, and then ten ml of venus blood was obtained from the subjects after about 12 hours of fasting. The data were analyzed, by SPSS software. Results: The mean of the depression score was 5.24, and the mean (SD) of the serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium were 15.53 (13.41) (ng/ml), 9.14 (0.24) (mg/dL), and 2.07 (0.13) (mg/dl), respectively. Women's depression scores showed a significant inverse correlation with the serum level of vitamin D (r= -0.21, P= 0.03). Conclusion: It is recommended that interventional programs should be carried out for women of reproductive age to improve their vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Mohaddesi
- Department of Midwifery, Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Student Research committee, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, school of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Najarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Yeganehpour
- Urmia motahari hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Khalkhali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Patient Safety Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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37
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Shi XY, Huang AP, Xie DW, Yu XL. Association of vitamin D receptor gene variants with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:32. [PMID: 30764792 PMCID: PMC6376757 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in reproductive-age women. Multiple susceptible gene as well as environmental factors and their interaction each other are contributed to the PCOS risk. Several case-control studies have researched the associations of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms with PCOS susceptibility, but the jury is still out. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to clarify polymorphisms between ApaI (C/A) (rs7975232), BsmI (G/A) (rs1544410), FokI (C/T) (rs10735810), TaqI (T/C) (rs731236) and Tru9I (G/A) (rs757343) in the VDR gene and PCOS susceptibility based on relative lager sample size. METHODS English database of PubMed and Embase, and Chinese database of Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were retrivaled for the relationship between VDR gene variates and PCOS susceptibility published before 31th, May 2018. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in different comparisons were used to detected the strength of the association. All the statistical analyses of the present meta-analysis were performed by STATA version 12.0 software. RESULTS Totally, 3587 (PCOS group 1922; control group 1665) participants from 13 studies were included which met our inclusion criteria. A statistically significant association between VDR ApaI (rs7975232) polymorphism and PCOS susceptibility (C vs. A: OR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.06~1.34, P = 0.004) was found in the overall population. After stratified by ethnicity, we showed that there is a significant association between VDR ApaI (rs7975232) polymorphism and susceptibility to PCOS in the Asian (C vs. A: OR = 1.21, 95%CI = 1.04~1.42, P = 0.016) population, but this association was not found in the Caucasian population. Additionally, a significant relationship between VDR BsmI (rs1544410) variates with PCOS susceptibility in the Asian (G vs. A: OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.06~1.53, P = 0.011) population, but this association was not found in the Caucasian population. We didn't find any association between VDR FokI (rs2228570), VDR TaqI (rs731236), VDR Tru9I (rs757343) and PCOS susceptibility in the overall and the subgroup populations. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that VDR ApaI (rs7975232) and VDR BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphisms are correlated with susceptibility to PCOS in the Asian population and VDR TaqI (rs731236), VDR FokI (rs2228570), VDR Tru9I (rs757343) did not reveal a relationship with the PCOS susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yuan Shi
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Medical Record Department, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ai-Ping Huang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Blood Donation Service Department, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Duo-Wen Xie
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Intensive Care Unit 2, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Long Yu
- Zhejiang Hospital, Department of nutrition, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang Province, China.
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