1
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Borah NA, Mittal R, Sucharita S, Rath S, Kaliki S, Patnaik S, Tripathy D, Reddy MM. Aurora Kinase A Is Overexpressed in Human Retinoblastoma and Correlates with Histopathologic High-Risk Factors: Implications for Targeted Therapy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:1780-1798. [PMID: 38879085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is an intraocular malignancy initiated by loss of RB1 function and/or dysregulation of MYCN oncogene. RB is primarily treated with chemotherapy; however, systemic toxicity and long-term adverse effects remain a significant challenge necessitating the identification of specific molecular targets. Aurora kinase A (AURKA), a critical cell cycle regulator, contributes to cancer pathogenesis, especially in RB1-deficient and MYCN-dysregulated tumors. The current immunohistochemistry study in patient specimens (n = 67) indicated that AURKA is overexpressed in RB, and this elevated expression correlates with one or more histopathologic high-risk factors, such as tumor involvement of the optic nerve, choroid, sclera, and/or anterior segment. More specifically, AURKA is ubiquitously expressed in most advanced-stage RB tumors that show a suboptimal response to chemotherapy. shRNA-mediated depletion/pharmacologic inhibition studies in cell lines, patient-derived cells, in vivo xenografts, and enucleated patient specimens confirmed that RB cells are highly sensitive to a lack of functional AURKA. In addition, AURKA and N-myc proto-oncogene protein (MYCN) associate with each other to regulate their levels in RB cells. Overall, these results demonstrate a previously unknown up-regulation of AURKA in RB, facilitated by its crosstalk with MYCN. The elevated levels of this kinase may indicate unfavorable prognosis in tumors refractory to chemotherapy. This study provides a rationale and confirms that therapeutic targeting of elevated AURKA in RB could be a potential treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naheed Arfin Borah
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ruchi Mittal
- Kanupriya Dalmia Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Soumya Sucharita
- Kanupriya Dalmia Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Suryasnata Rath
- Ophthalmic Plastics, Orbit and Ocular Oncology Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srinivas Patnaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Devjyoti Tripathy
- Ophthalmic Plastics, Orbit and Ocular Oncology Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Mamatha M Reddy
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India.
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2
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Sarogni P, Frusca V, Zamborlin A, Giannini N, Menicagli M, Brancato L, Linsalata S, Di Martino F, Gonnelli A, Paiar F, Van den Bossche J, Bogers J, Voliani V. Neoadjuvant Hyperthermia Combined with Hybrid Nanoarchitectures Enhances Chemoradiotherapy Efficacy in Head and Neck Carcinoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:43272-43282. [PMID: 39126693 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas are characterized by a high incidence of recurrence, especially in patients with locally advanced disease. Standard treatment strategies can be associated with severe side effects to healthy tissues that can negatively impact the patient's quality of life. Hyperthermia (HT) is a noninvasive treatment modality that has improved the effectiveness of chemotherapy (CT) and/or radiotherapy (RT) for the management of some solid neoplasms. In this context, the association of this approach with rationally designed nanomaterials may further enhance the treatment outcome. In this study, we demonstrate the enhanced effect of neoadjuvant HT in combination with hybrid nanoarchitectures enclosing a cisplatin prodrug (NAs-CisPt) and RT. All the treatments and their combinations have been fully evaluated by employing standardized chorioallantoic membrane tumor models of HPV-negative head and neck carcinoma. An improved tumor-shrinking effect was observed by the administration of the trimodal treatment (HT/NAs-CisPt/RT), which also highlighted a significant increase in apoptosis. Our findings demonstrate that the combination of HT with nanotechnology-based CT and RT in a certain order enhances the in vivo treatment outcome. On a broader basis, this study paves the way for the next exploration of noninvasive treatment approaches for the clinical management of oral cancer based on innovative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Sarogni
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Frusca
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Agata Zamborlin
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Noemi Giannini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Menicagli
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, via Ferruccio Giovannini 13, S. Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Linsalata
- Unit of Medical Physics, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Martino
- Unit of Medical Physics, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gonnelli
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paiar
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Johannes Bogers
- ElmediX NV, Esperantolaan 4, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy
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3
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Acharya B, Dey S, Sahu PK, Behera A, Chowdhury B, Behera S. Perspectives on chick embryo models in developmental and reproductive toxicity screening. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 126:108583. [PMID: 38561097 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Teratology, the study of congenital anomalies and their causative factors intersects with developmental and reproductive toxicology, employing innovative methodologies. Evaluating the potential impacts of teratogens on fetal development and assessing human risk is an essential prerequisite in preclinical research. The chicken embryo model has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding human embryonic development due to its remarkable resemblance to humans. This model offers a unique platform for investigating the effects of substances on developing embryos, employing techniques such as ex ovo and in ovo assays, chorioallantoic membrane assays, and embryonic culture techniques. The advantages of chicken embryonic models include their accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and biological relevance to vertebrate development, enabling efficient screening of developmental toxicity. However, these models have limitations, such as the absence of a placenta and maternal metabolism, impacting the study of nutrient exchange and hormone regulation. Despite these limitations, understanding and mitigating the challenges posed by the absence of a placenta and maternal metabolism are critical for maximizing the utility of the chick embryo model in developmental toxicity testing. Indeed, the insights gained from utilizing these assays and their constraints can significantly contribute to our understanding of the developmental impacts of various agents. This review underscores the utilization of chicken embryonic models in developmental toxicity testing, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages by addressing the challenges posed by their physiological differences from mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajeet Acharya
- School of Pharmacy, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India; State Forensic Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sandip Dey
- Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India; State Forensic Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prafulla Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmacy, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India; State Forensic Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Amulyaratna Behera
- School of Pharmacy, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India; State Forensic Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Bimalendu Chowdhury
- Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khodasingi, Brahmapur, Odisha, India; State Forensic Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Suchismeeta Behera
- Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khodasingi, Brahmapur, Odisha, India; State Forensic Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Aggarwal N, Janjua D, Yadav J, Chaudhary A, Chhokar A, Joshi U, Bharti AC. Phytochemicals Showing Antiangiogenic Effect in Pre-clinical Models and their Potential as an Alternative to Existing Therapeutics. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:259-300. [PMID: 37867279 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266264349231016094456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from a pre-existing vascular network, is an important hallmark of several pathological conditions, such as tumor growth and metastasis, proliferative retinopathies, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and endometriosis. Putting a halt to pathology-driven angiogenesis is considered an important therapeutic strategy to slow down or reduce the severity of pathological disorders. Considering the attrition rate of synthetic antiangiogenic compounds from the lab to reaching the market due to severe side effects, several compounds of natural origin are being explored for their antiangiogenic properties. Employing pre-clinical models for the evaluation of novel antiangiogenic compounds is a promising strategy for rapid screening of antiangiogenic compounds. These studies use a spectrum of angiogenic model systems that include HUVEC two-dimensional culture, nude mice, chick chorioallantoic membrane, transgenic zebrafish, and dorsal aorta from rats and chicks, depending upon available resources. The present article emphasizes the antiangiogenic activity of the phytochemicals shown to exhibit antiangiogenic behavior in these well-defined existing angiogenic models and highlights key molecular targets. Different models help to get a quick understanding of the efficacy and therapeutics mechanism of emerging lead molecules. The inherent variability in assays and corresponding different phytochemicals tested in each study prevent their immediate utilization in clinical studies. This review will discuss phytochemicals discovered using suitable preclinical antiangiogenic models, along with a special mention of leads that have entered clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
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5
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Fellenberg J, Losch S, Tripel E, Lehner B, Melnik S. The Warburg Trap: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Targeting Osteosarcoma. Cells 2023; 13:61. [PMID: 38201265 PMCID: PMC10778102 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although urgently needed, no significant improvements in osteosarcoma (OS) therapy have been achieved within the last decades. Here, we present a new therapeutic approach based on drug combinations consisting of mitochondrial complex I (MCI) inhibitors and ionophores that induce cancer cell-specific cell death based on a modulation of cellular energy metabolism and intracellular pH (pHi) named the Warburg Trap (WT). The effects of several drug combinations on intracellular pH, cell viability, colony-forming capacity and expression of WNT-target genes were analysed using OS cell lines and primary human osteoblasts (HOB). Tumour take rates and tumour volumes were analysed in vivo using a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM). Several WT drug combinations induced the intracellular acidification and apoptotic cell death in OS cells, whereas HOBs tolerated the treatment. A significant inhibition of the colony-forming ability of OS cells and downregulation of WNT-target genes suggest that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are also targeted by the WT approach. In vivo, we observed a significant reduction in the tumour take rates in response to WT drug treatment. Our data suggest that the Warburg Trap is a promising approach for the development of a novel and effective OS therapy to replace or supplement the current OS chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Fellenberg
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.L.); (E.T.); (B.L.); (S.M.)
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6
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Smith LM, Greenwood HE, Tyrrell WE, Edwards RS, de Santis V, Baark F, Firth G, Tanc M, Terry SYA, Herrmann A, Southworth R, Witney TH. The chicken chorioallantoic membrane as a low-cost, high-throughput model for cancer imaging. NPJ IMAGING 2023; 1:1. [PMID: 38239706 PMCID: PMC7615542 DOI: 10.1038/s44303-023-00001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Mouse models are invaluable tools for radiotracer development and validation. They are, however, expensive, low throughput, and are constrained by animal welfare considerations. Here, we assessed the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) as an alternative to mice for preclinical cancer imaging studies. NCI-H460 FLuc cells grown in Matrigel on the CAM formed vascularized tumors of reproducible size without compromising embryo viability. By designing a simple method for vessel cannulation it was possible to perform dynamic PET imaging in ovo, producing high tumor-to-background signal for both 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) and (4S)-4-(3-18F-fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate (18F-FSPG). The pattern of 18F-FDG tumor uptake were similar in ovo and in vivo, although tumor-associated radioactivity was higher in the CAM-grown tumors over the 60 min imaging time course. Additionally, 18F-FSPG provided an early marker of both treatment response to external beam radiotherapy and target inhibition in ovo. Overall, the CAM provided a low-cost alternative to tumor xenograft mouse models which may broaden access to PET and SPECT imaging and have utility across multiple applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia M. Smith
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Hannah E. Greenwood
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Will E. Tyrrell
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Richard S. Edwards
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Vittorio de Santis
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Friedrich Baark
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - George Firth
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Muhammet Tanc
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Samantha Y. A. Terry
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Herrmann
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Richard Southworth
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy H. Witney
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
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7
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Li J, Brachtlova T, van der Meulen-Muileman IH, Kleerebezem S, Liu C, Li P, van Beusechem VW. Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Tumor Models for Experimental Cancer Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15425. [PMID: 37895104 PMCID: PMC10607033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To promote the preclinical development of new treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we established NSCLC xenograft tumor assays on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken embryos. Five NSCLC cell lines were compared for tumor take rate, tumor growth, and embryo survival. Two of these, A549 and H460 CAM tumors, were histologically characterized and tested for susceptibility to systemic chemotherapy and gene delivery using viral vectors. All cell lines were efficiently engrafted with minimal effect on embryo survival. The A549 cells formed slowly growing tumors, with a relatively uniform distribution of cancer cells and stroma cells, while the H460 cells formed large tumors containing mostly proliferating cancer cells in a bed of vascularized connective tissue. Tumor growth was inhibited via systemic treatment with Pemetrexed and Cisplatin, a chemotherapy combination that is often used to treat patients with advanced NSCLC. Lentiviral and adenoviral vectors expressing firefly luciferase transduced NSCLC tumors in vivo. The adenovirus vector yielded more than 100-fold higher luminescence intensities after a single administration than could be achieved with multiple lentiviral vector deliveries. The adenovirus vector also transduced CAM tissue and organs of developing embryos. Adenovirus delivery to tumors was 100-10,000-fold more efficient than to embryo organs. In conclusion, established human NSCLC-CAM tumor models provide convenient in vivo assays to rapidly evaluate new cancer therapies, particularly cancer gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tereza Brachtlova
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- ORCA Therapeutics BV, Onderwijsboulevard 225, 5223 DE 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Ida H van der Meulen-Muileman
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn Kleerebezem
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chang Liu
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pulmonary Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peiyu Li
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor W van Beusechem
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- ORCA Therapeutics BV, Onderwijsboulevard 225, 5223 DE 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
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8
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Khan S, Nayak D, Vasudevan S. Photoacoustic Spectral Response using Ultrasound and Interferometric Sensors: A Correlation Study for a High Bandwidth Real-Time Blood Vasculature Monitoring Application in a Chick-Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Model. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:1129-1137. [PMID: 37603568 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231194088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) spectral response technique has shown good promise in efficient preclinical tissue diagnosis by depicting mechano-biological properties due to high spatial resolution and penetration depth. The conventional PA-based system is a pump-probe technique that utilizes neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet pulsed laser as a pump and an ultrasound sensor as a probe. For biomedical studies, high-speed PA signals need to be acquired, requiring higher bandwidth ultrasound sensors. While the bandwidth increases, they exhibit a very low signal-to-noise ratio that inhibits acquiring PA signals of biomedical samples. An interferometer-based probe has recently been investigated as a potential ultrasound probe for obtaining PA signals as an alternative. This optical PA detection technique offers high sensitivity by combining low acoustic impedance with high electromechanical coupling. However, there is a lack of exploration of the same for real-time biomedical studies. This work shows the development of a homodyne Mach-Zehnder interferometer-based PA spectral response (PASR) followed by a correlation study between the conventional ultrasound sensor and the interferometer-based sensor. Further, this study demonstrates the capability of continuous monitoring of vascular growth and the effect of an antidrug (Cisplatin) on the vasculature tested on a chick-embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. PASR was able to monitor growth changes within one day, which was not possible with conventional methods. This opens up potential possibilities for using this technique in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhel Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Debasis Nayak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Srivathsan Vasudevan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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9
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Strusi G, Suelzu CM, Weldon S, Giffin J, Münsterberg AE, Bao Y. Combination of Phenethyl Isothiocyanate and Dasatinib Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastatic Potential through FAK/STAT3/Cadherin Signalling and Reduction of VEGF Secretion. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2390. [PMID: 37896150 PMCID: PMC10610226 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancerous cells are characterised by their ability to invade, metastasise, and induce angiogenesis. Tumour cells use various molecules that can be targeted to reverse these processes. Dasatinib, a potent Src inhibitor, has shown promising results in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro and in vivo. However, its effectiveness is limited by focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation. Isothiocyanates, on the other hand, are phytochemicals with broad anticancer activity and FAK inhibition capabilities. This study evaluated the synergistic effect of dasatinib and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) on HCC. The combination was tested using various assays, including MTT, adhesion, scratch, Boyden chamber, chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), and yolk sac membrane (YSM) assays to evaluate the effect of the drug combination on HCC metastatic potential and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the combination inhibited the adhesion, migration, and invasion of HepG2 cells and reduced xenograft volume in the CAM assay. Additionally, the combination reduced angiogenesis in vitro, diminishing the growth of vessels in the tube formation assay. The inhibition of FAK/STAT3 signalling led to increased E-cadherin expression and reduced VEGF secretion, reducing HCC metastatic potential. Therefore, a combination of PEITC and dasatinib could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Strusi
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Shannon Weldon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK (A.E.M.)
| | - Jennifer Giffin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK (A.E.M.)
| | - Andrea E. Münsterberg
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK (A.E.M.)
| | - Yongping Bao
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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10
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Palumbo C, Sisi F, Checchi M. CAM Model: Intriguing Natural Bioreactor for Sustainable Research and Reliable/Versatile Testing. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1219. [PMID: 37759618 PMCID: PMC10525291 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
We are witnessing the revival of the CAM model, which has already used been in the past by several researchers studying angiogenesis and anti-cancer drugs and now offers a refined model to fill, in the translational meaning, the gap between in vitro and in vivo studies. It can be used for a wide range of purposes, from testing cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, tumorigenesis, and invasion to the action mechanisms of molecules and validation of new materials from tissue engineering research. The CAM model is easy to use, with a fast outcome, and makes experimental research more sustainable since it allows us to replace, reduce, and refine pre-clinical experimentation ("3Rs" rules). This review aims to highlight some unique potential that the CAM-assay presents; in particular, the authors intend to use the CAM model in the future to verify, in a microenvironment comparable to in vivo conditions, albeit simplified, the angiogenic ability of functionalized 3D constructs to be used in regenerative medicine strategies in the recovery of skeletal injuries of critical size (CSD) that do not repair spontaneously. For this purpose, organotypic cultures will be planned on several CAMs set up in temporal sequences, and a sort of organ model for assessing CSD will be utilized in the CAM bioreactor rather than in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Checchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia—Largo del Pozzo, 41124 Modena, Italy
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11
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Małek A, Wojnicki M, Borkowska A, Wójcik M, Ziółek G, Lechowski R, Zabielska-Koczywąs K. Gold Nanoparticles Inhibit Extravasation of Canine Osteosarcoma Cells in the Ex Ovo Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9858. [PMID: 37373007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumor with high metastatic potential and poor prognosis, mainly due to metastatic disease. Nanomedicine-based agents can be used to improve both primary and metastatic tumor treatment. Recently, gold nanoparticles were shown to inhibit different stages of the metastatic cascade in various human cancers. Here, we assessed the potential inhibitory effect of the glutathione-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au-GSH NPs) on canine OS cells extravasation, utilizing the ex ovo chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. The calculation of cells extravasation rates was performed using wide-field fluorescent microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy and Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy revealed Au-GSH NPs absorption by OS cells. We demonstrated that Au-GSH NPs are non-toxic and significantly inhibit canine OS cells extravasation rates, regardless of their aggressiveness phenotype. The results indicate that Au-GSH NPs can act as a possible anti metastatic agent for OS treatment. Furthermore, the implemented CAM model may be used as a valuable preclinical platform in veterinary medicine, such as testing anti-metastatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Małek
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Wojnicki
- Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Borkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Wójcik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gabriela Ziółek
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Lechowski
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zabielska-Koczywąs
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Shoji C, Kikuchi K, Yoshida H, Miyachi M, Yagyu S, Tsuchiya K, Nakaya T, Hosoi H, Iehara T. In ovo chorioallantoic membrane assay as a xenograft model for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2023; 49:76. [PMID: 36866753 PMCID: PMC10018452 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common highly malignant pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. While recent multidisciplinary treatments have improved the 5‑year survival rate of low/intermediate‑risk patients to 70‑90%, there are various complications that arise due to treatment‑related toxicities. Immunodeficient mice‑derived xenograft models have been widely used in cancer drug research; however, these models have some limitations, including i) they are time‑consuming and expensive, ii) their use needs to be approved by animal experimental ethics committees, and iii) the inability to visualize where tumor cells or tissues were engrafted. The present study performed a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay in fertilized chicken eggs, which is time‑saving, simple, and easy to standardize and handle because of the high vascularization and the immature immune system of the fertilized eggs. The present study aimed to examine the usability of the CAM assay as a novel therapeutic model for the development of precision medicine for pediatric cancer. A protocol was developed for constructing cell line‑derived xenograft (CDX) models using a CAM assay by transplanting RMS cells on the CAM. It was then examined as to whether these CDX models could be used as therapeutic drug evaluation models using vincristine (VCR) and human RMS cell lines. After grafting and culturing the RMS cell suspension on the CAM, three‑dimensional proliferation over time was observed visually and by comparing volumes. VCR reduced the size of the RMS tumor on the CAM in a dose‑dependent manner. Currently, treatment strategies based on patient‑specific oncogenic backgrounds have not been adequately developed in the field of pediatric cancer. The establishment of a CDX model with the CAM assay may lead to the advancement of precision medicine and help formulate novel therapeutic strategies for intractable pediatric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Shoji
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Ken Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Miyachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yagyu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Takaaki Nakaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Hajime Hosoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iehara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
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13
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Fellenberg J, Losch S, Marinescu MR, Frey B, Lehner B, Arango-Ospina M, Hadzhieva Z, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. Bioactive Glass Inhibits Tumor Development from Giant Cell Tumor of Bone-Derived Neoplastic Stromal Cells in a Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061868. [PMID: 36980753 PMCID: PMC10046747 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor recurrence is a major problem during the treatment of giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB). We recently identified tumor cell-specific cytotoxic effects of bioactive glasses (BGs) toward neoplastic stromal cells derived from GCTB tissue (GCTSCs) in vitro. Since these data indicated a promising role of BGs in the adjuvant treatment of GCTBs, we aimed to investigate the transferability of the in vitro data into the more complex in vivo situation in the current study. We first analyzed the cytotoxicity of three different BGs in vitro by WST-1 assay after co-cultivation with primary GCTSC cell lines. The effects of BGs on tumor engraftment and growth were analyzed by chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays and subsequent quantification of tumor take rates and tumor volumes. In vitro, all tested BGs displayed a cytotoxic effect on GCTSCs that was dependent on BG composition, concentration, and particle size. Comparable effects could be observed within the in vivo environment resulting in reduced tumor take rates and tumor volumes in BG-treated samples. These data indicate a possible clinical application of BGs in the context of GCTB therapy, mediating a reduction of recurrence rates with the simultaneous promotion of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Fellenberg
- Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarina Losch
- Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Max R Marinescu
- Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Frey
- Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Lehner
- Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zoya Hadzhieva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Wiesmann N, Brieger J, Eckrich J. Toxicological Analysis by Assessment of Vascularization and Cell Viability Using the Chicken's Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM Assay). Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2644:403-421. [PMID: 37142937 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3052-5_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is an increasingly popular method using a hen's egg as an experimental organism. Animal models have been established in scientific research for centuries. Yet, awareness of animal welfare in society rises, and the transferability of findings obtained in rodent models to human physiology is challenged. Thus, using fertilized eggs as an alternative platform for animal experimentation might be a promising alternative. The CAM assay is utilized for toxicological analysis by determination of CAM irritation as well as analysis of organ damage and ultimately death of the embryo. Furthermore the CAM provides a micromilieu suited for the implantation of xenografts. Xenogene tissues and tumors grow on the CAM due to a lack of rejection by the immune system and a dense vascular network providing oxygen and nutrients. Multiple analytical methods including in vivo microscopy and various imaging techniques are applicable to this model. Additionally, ethical aspects, a comparatively low financial burden, and low bureaucratic hurdles legitimize the CAM assay.We here describe an in ovo model utilized for xenotransplantation of a human tumor. The model can be used to evaluate the efficacy as well as the toxicity of different therapeutic agents after intravascular injection. Additionally, we present the evaluation of vascularization and viability by intravital microscopy, ultrasonography, and immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Wiesmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Brieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonas Eckrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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15
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Kolba N, Cheng J, Jackson CD, Tako E. Intra-Amniotic Administration-An Emerging Method to Investigate Necrotizing Enterocolitis, In Vivo ( Gallus gallus). Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224795. [PMID: 36432481 PMCID: PMC9696943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in premature infants and a leading cause of death in neonates (1-7% in the US). NEC is caused by opportunistic bacteria, which cause gut dysbiosis and inflammation and ultimately result in intestinal necrosis. Previous studies have utilized the rodent and pig models to mimic NEC, whereas the current study uses the in vivo (Gallus gallus) intra-amniotic administration approach to investigate NEC. On incubation day 17, broiler chicken (Gallus gallus) viable embryos were injected intra-amniotically with 1 mL dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in H2O. Four treatment groups (0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% DSS) and two controls (H2O/non-injected controls) were administered. We observed a significant increase in intestinal permeability and negative intestinal morphological changes, specifically, decreased villus surface area and goblet cell diameter in the 0.50% and 0.75% DSS groups. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in pathogenic bacterial (E. coli spp. and Klebsiella spp.) abundances in the 0.75% DSS group compared to the control groups, demonstrating cecal microbiota dysbiosis. These results demonstrate significant physiopathology of NEC and negative bacterial-host interactions within a premature gastrointestinal system. Our present study demonstrates a novel model of NEC through intra-amniotic administration to study the effects of NEC on intestinal functionality, morphology, and gut microbiota in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elad Tako
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-607-255-0884
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16
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Benčurová K, Friske J, Anderla M, Mayrhofer M, Wanek T, Nics L, Egger G, Helbich TH, Hacker M, Haug A, Mitterhauser M, Balber T. CAM-Xenograft Model Provides Preclinical Evidence for the Applicability of [ 68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor in CRC Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225549. [PMID: 36428644 PMCID: PMC9688097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Increased expression of CXCR4 has been associated with liver metastasis, disease progression, and shortened survival. Using in vitro cell binding studies and the in ovo model, we aimed to investigate the potential of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor, a radiotracer specifically targeting human CXCR4, for CRC imaging. Specific membrane binding and internalisation of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor was shown for HT29 cells, but not for HCT116 cells. Accordingly, [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor accumulated specifically in CAM-xenografts derived from HT29 cells, but not in HCT116 xenografts, as determined by µPET/MRI. The CAM-grown xenografts were histologically characterised, demonstrating vascularisation of the graft, preserved expression of human CXCR4, and viability of the tumour cells within the grafts. In vivo viability was further confirmed by µPET/MRI measurements using 2-[18F]FDG as a surrogate for glucose metabolism. [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor µPET/MRI scans showed distinct radiotracer accumulation in the chick embryonal heart, liver, and kidneys, whereas 2-[18F]FDG uptake was predominantly found in the kidneys and joints of the chick embryos. Our findings suggest that [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor is an interesting novel radiotracer for CRC imaging that is worth further investigation. Moreover, this study further supports the suitability of the CAM-xenograft model for the initial preclinical evaluation of targeted radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Benčurová
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joachim Friske
- Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Anderla
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Mayrhofer
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
- QIMP Team, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Nics
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerda Egger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas H. Helbich
- Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Haug
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory Applied Metabolomics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Mitterhauser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Theresa Balber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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17
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Miebach L, Berner J, Bekeschus S. In ovo model in cancer research and tumor immunology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1006064. [PMID: 36248802 PMCID: PMC9556724 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering cancer not only as malignant cells on their own but as a complex disease in which tumor cells interact and communicate with their microenvironment has motivated the establishment of clinically relevant 3D models in past years. Technological advances gave rise to novel bioengineered models, improved organoid systems, and microfabrication approaches, increasing scientific importance in preclinical research. Notwithstanding, mammalian in vivo models remain closest to mimic the patient’s situation but are limited by cost, time, and ethical constraints. Herein, the in ovo model bridges the gap as an advanced model for basic and translational cancer research without the need for ethical approval. With the avian embryo being a naturally immunodeficient host, tumor cells and primary tissues can be engrafted on the vascularized chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) with high efficiencies regardless of species-specific restrictions. The extraembryonic membranes are connected to the embryo through a continuous circulatory system, readily accessible for manipulation or longitudinal monitoring of tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and matrix remodeling. However, its applicability in immunoncological research is largely underexplored. Dual engrafting of malignant and immune cells could provide a platform to study tumor-immune cell interactions in a complex, heterogenic and dynamic microenvironment with high reproducibility. With some caveats to keep in mind, versatile methods for in and ex ovo monitoring of cellular and molecular dynamics already established in ovo are applicable alike. In this view, the present review aims to emphasize and discuss opportunities and limitations of the chicken embryo model for pre-clinical research in cancer and cancer immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Miebach
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany
- Department of General, Thoracic, Vascular, and Visceral Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julia Berner
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany
- Department of General, Thoracic, Vascular, and Visceral Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany
- Department of General, Thoracic, Vascular, and Visceral Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Greifswald, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sander Bekeschus,
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18
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Pion E, Karnosky J, Boscheck S, Wagner BJ, Schmidt KM, Brunner SM, Schlitt HJ, Aung T, Hackl C, Haerteis S. 3D In Vivo Models for Translational Research on Pancreatic Cancer: The Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153733. [PMID: 35954398 PMCID: PMC9367548 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The 5-year overall survival rate for all stages of pancreatic cancer is relatively low at about only 6%. As a result of this exceedingly poor prognosis, new research models are necessary to investigate this highly malignant cancer. One model that has been used extensively for a vast variety of different cancers is the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. It is based on an exceptionally vascularized membrane that develops within fertilized chicken eggs and can be used for the grafting and analysis of tumor tissue. The aim of the study was to summarize already existing works on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the CAM model. The results were subdivided into different categories that include drug testing, angiogenesis, personalized medicine, modifications of the model, and further developments to help improve the unfavorable prognosis of this disease. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with adverse outcomes that have barely improved over the last decade. About half of all patients present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis, and the 5-year overall survival rate across all stages is only 6%. Innovative in vivo research models are necessary to combat this cancer and to discover novel treatment strategies. The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model represents one 3D in vivo methodology that has been used in a large number of studies on different cancer types for over a century. This model is based on a membrane formed within fertilized chicken eggs that contain a dense network of blood vessels. Because of its high cost-efficiency, simplicity, and versatility, the CAM model appears to be a highly valuable research tool in the pursuit of gaining more in-depth insights into PDAC. A summary of the current literature on the usage of the CAM model for the investigation of PDAC was conducted and subdivided into angiogenesis, drug testing, modifications, personalized medicine, and further developments. On this comprehensive basis, further research should be conducted on PDAC in order to improve the abysmal prognosis of this malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Pion
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Julia Karnosky
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.K.); (B.J.W.); (K.M.S.); (S.M.B.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Sofie Boscheck
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Benedikt J. Wagner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.K.); (B.J.W.); (K.M.S.); (S.M.B.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Katharina M. Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.K.); (B.J.W.); (K.M.S.); (S.M.B.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Stefan M. Brunner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.K.); (B.J.W.); (K.M.S.); (S.M.B.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Hans J. Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.K.); (B.J.W.); (K.M.S.); (S.M.B.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Thiha Aung
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Applied Healthcare Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, 94469 Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.K.); (B.J.W.); (K.M.S.); (S.M.B.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Deep Learning-Based Image Analysis for the Quantification of Tumor-Induced Angiogenesis in the 3D In Vivo Tumor Model—Establishment and Addition to Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI). Cells 2022; 11:cells11152321. [PMID: 35954165 PMCID: PMC9367525 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: angiogenesis plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of tumors. We established the CAM assay application, an image analysis software of the IKOSA platform by KML Vision, for the quantification of blood vessels with the in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. We added this proprietary deep learning algorithm to the already established laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). (2) Methods: angiosarcoma cell line tumors were grafted onto the CAM. Angiogenesis was measured at the beginning and at the end of tumor growth with both measurement methods. The CAM assay application was trained to enable the recognition of in ovo CAM vessels. Histological stains of the tissue were performed and gluconate, an anti-angiogenic substance, was applied to the tumors. (3) Results: the angiosarcoma cells formed tumors on the CAM that appeared to stay vital and proliferated. An increase in perfusion was observed using both methods. The CAM assay application was successfully established in the in ovo CAM model and anti-angiogenic effects of gluconate were observed. (4) Conclusions: the CAM assay application appears to be a useful method for the quantification of angiogenesis in the CAM model and gluconate could be a potential treatment of angiosarcomas. Both aspects should be evaluated in further research.
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20
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Decker S, Arango-Ospina M, Rehder F, Moghaddam A, Simon R, Merle C, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. In vitro and in ovo impact of the ionic dissolution products of boron-doped bioactive silicate glasses on cell viability, osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8510. [PMID: 35595847 PMCID: PMC9122978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the pivotal role of angiogenesis in bone regeneration, the angiogenic properties of biomaterials are of high importance since they directly correlate with the biomaterials’ osteogenic potential via ‘angiogenic-osteogenic coupling’ mechanisms. The impact of bioactive glasses (BGs) on vascularization can be tailored by incorporation of biologically active ions such as boron (B). Based on the ICIE16-BG composition (in mol%: 49.5 SiO2, 36.3 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.1 P2O5, 6.6 K2O), three B-doped BGs have been developed (compositions in mol%: 46.5/45.5/41.5 SiO2, 36.3 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.1 P2O5, 6.6 K2O, 3/4/8 B2O3). The influence of B-doping on the viability, cellular osteogenic differentiation and expression of osteogenic and angiogenic marker genes of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) was analyzed by cultivating BMSCs in presence of the BGs’ ionic dissolution products (IDPs). Furthermore, the influence of the IDPs on angiogenesis was evaluated in ovo using a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The influence of B-doped BGs on BMSC viability was dose-dependent, with higher B concentrations showing limited negative effects. B-doping led to a slight stimulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro. In contrast to that, B-doping significantly enhanced vascularization in ovo, especially in higher concentrations. Differences between the results of the in vitro and in ovo part of this study might be explained via the different importance of vascularization in both settings. The implementation of new experimental models that cover the ‘angiogenic-osteogenic coupling’ mechanisms is highly relevant, for instance via extending the application of the CAM assay from solely angiogenic to angiogenic and osteogenic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Decker
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Rehder
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Frohsinnstraße 12, 63739, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Simon
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Sarogni P, Mapanao AK, Gonnelli A, Ermini ML, Marchetti S, Kusmic C, Paiar F, Voliani V. Chorioallantoic membrane tumor models highlight the effects of cisplatin compounds in oral carcinoma treatment. iScience 2022; 25:103980. [PMID: 35310338 PMCID: PMC8924639 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) suggests the use of chemotherapy as neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and concomitant to surgery and radiotherapy for the treatment of oral carcinoma by depending on the cancer stage. The usual drug of choice belongs to the platinum compounds. In this context, the evaluation of the cancer behavior associated with the administration of standard or emerging cisplatin compounds supports the establishment of optimal cancer management. Here, we have assessed and compared the performance of cisplatin alone and contained in biodegradable nanocapsules on standardized chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) tumor models. The vascularized environment and optimized grafting procedure allowed the establishment of solid tumors. The treatments showed antitumor and anti-angiogenic activities together with deregulation of pivotal genes responsible of treatment resistance and tumor aggressiveness. This study further supports the significance of CAM tumor models in oncological research for the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Sarogni
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
- NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gonnelli
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Via Roma 67, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Ermini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Marchetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paiar
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Via Roma 67, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
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22
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Pizon M, Schott D, Pachmann U, Schobert R, Pizon M, Wozniak M, Bobinski R, Pachmann K. Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assays as a Model of Patient-Derived Xenografts from Circulating Cancer Stem Cells (cCSCs) in Breast Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061476. [PMID: 35326627 PMCID: PMC8946779 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Circulating cancer cells—and in particular their very rare subpopulation, circulating cancer stem cells (cCSCs)—are responsible for recurrence and metastasis. In this study, we present a novel process in which patient-derived xenograft (PDX) can be harvested on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) from circulating cancer stem cells. In our opinion, the CAM-based PDX model using circulating cancer stem cells can provide a fast, low-cost, easy-to-use, and efficient preclinical platform for drug screening, therapy optimization, and biomarker discovery. Abstract Background: cCSCs are a small subset of circulating tumor cells with cancer stem cell features: resistance to cancer treatments and the capacity for generating metastases. PDX are an appreciated tool in oncology, providing biologically meaningful models of many cancer types, and potential platforms for the development of precision oncology approaches. Commonly, mouse models are used for the in vivo assessment of potential new therapeutic targets in cancers. However, animal models are costly and time consuming. An attractive alternative to such animal experiments is the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay. Methods: In this study, primary cultures from cCSCs were established using the sphere-forming assay. Subsequently, tumorspheres were transplanted onto the CAM membrane of fertilized chicken eggs to form secondary microtumors. Results: We have developed an innovative in vitro platform for cultivation of cCSCs from peripheral blood of cancer patients. The number of tumorspheres increased significantly with tumor progression and aggressiveness of primary tumor. The number of tumorspheres was positively correlated with Ki-67, Her2 status, and grade score in primary breast tumors. The grafting of tumorspheres onto the CAM was successful and positively correlated with aggressiveness and proliferation capacity of the primary tumor. These tumors pathologically closely resembled the primary tumor. Conclusions: The number of tumorspheres cultured from peripheral blood and the success rate of establishing PDX directly reflect the aggressiveness and proliferation capacity of the primary tumor. A CAM-based PDX model using cCSC provides a fast, low-cost, easy to handle, and powerful preclinical platform for drug screening, therapy optimization, and biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pizon
- Department of Research and Development, Transfusion Center Bayreuth, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany; (D.S.); (U.P.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dorothea Schott
- Department of Research and Development, Transfusion Center Bayreuth, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany; (D.S.); (U.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Ulrich Pachmann
- Department of Research and Development, Transfusion Center Bayreuth, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany; (D.S.); (U.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Marek Pizon
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Clinic of Bayreuth, 95455 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Marta Wozniak
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Rafal Bobinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bielsko-Biala, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland;
| | - Katharina Pachmann
- Department of Research and Development, Transfusion Center Bayreuth, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany; (D.S.); (U.P.); (K.P.)
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23
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Sokolenko EA, Berchner-Pfannschmidt U, Ting SC, Schmid KW, Bechrakis NE, Seitz B, Tsimpaki T, Kraemer MM, Fiorentzis M. Optimisation of the Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay in Uveal Melanoma Research. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:13. [PMID: 35056909 PMCID: PMC8778438 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of uveal melanoma and its metastases has not evolved sufficiently over the last decades in comparison to other tumour entities, posing a great challenge in the field of ocular oncology. Despite improvements in the conventional treatment regime and new discoveries about the genetic and molecular background of the primary tumour, effective treatment strategies to either prevent tumours or treat patients with advanced or metastatic disease are still lacking. New therapeutic options are necessary in order to achieve satisfactory local tumour control, reduce the risk of metastasis development, and preserve the eyeball and possibly the visual function of the eye. The development of in vivo model systems remains crucial for the identification and investigation of potential novel treatment modalities. The aim of this study was the optimisation of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model for uveal melanoma research. We analysed the established CAM assay and its modification after the implantation of three-dimensional spheroids. The chorioallantoic membrane of a chick embryo was used to implant uveal melanoma-cell-line-derived spheroids in order to study their growth rate, angiogenic potential, and metastatic capability. Using the UM 92.1, UPMD2, UPMM3, and Mel270 cell lines, we were able to improve the viability of the embryos from 20% to >80% and to achieve up to a fourfold volume increase of the transplanted spheroid masses. The results point to the value of an optimised chicken embryo assay as an in vivo model for testing novel therapies for uveal melanoma by simplifying the research conditions and by contributing to a considerable reduction in animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Sokolenko
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.); (T.T.); (M.M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Utta Berchner-Pfannschmidt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.); (T.T.); (M.M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Saskia C. Ting
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.C.T.); (K.W.S.)
| | - Kurt W. Schmid
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.C.T.); (K.W.S.)
| | - Nikolaos E. Bechrakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.); (T.T.); (M.M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Theodora Tsimpaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.); (T.T.); (M.M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Miriam Monika Kraemer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.); (T.T.); (M.M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Miltiadis Fiorentzis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.); (T.T.); (M.M.K.); (M.F.)
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24
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Garcia P, Wang Y, Viallet J, Macek Jilkova Z. The Chicken Embryo Model: A Novel and Relevant Model for Immune-Based Studies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:791081. [PMID: 34868080 PMCID: PMC8640176 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the immune system is associated with many pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. To date, the most commonly used models in biomedical research are rodents, and despite the various advantages they offer, their use also raises numerous drawbacks. Recently, another in vivo model, the chicken embryo and its chorioallantoic membrane, has re-emerged for various applications. This model has many benefits compared to other classical models, as it is cost-effective, time-efficient, and easier to use. In this review, we explain how the chicken embryo can be used as a model for immune-based studies, as it gradually develops an embryonic immune system, yet which is functionally similar to humans'. We mainly aim to describe the avian immune system, highlighting the differences and similarities with the human immune system, including the repertoire of lymphoid tissues, immune cells, and other key features. We also describe the general in ovo immune ontogeny. In conclusion, we expect that this review will help future studies better tailor their use of the chicken embryo model for testing specific experimental hypotheses or performing preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Garcia
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- R&D Department, Inovotion, La Tronche, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Yan Wang
- R&D Department, Inovotion, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Zuzana Macek Jilkova
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, La Tronche, France
- Service d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (USA) Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
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25
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Cilostazol induces angiogenesis and regulates oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner: A chorioallantoic membrane study. TURKISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2021; 29:449-456. [PMID: 35096441 PMCID: PMC8762914 DOI: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2021.22212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of cilostazol on angiogenesis and oxidative stress using the chorioallantoic membrane model.
Methods
In this experimental study, the Ross 308 chick embryos were used. The negative control group (n=10) received no intervention. The positive control group (n=10) consisted of eggs treated with epidermal growth factor for inducing angiogenesis. Three cilostazol groups were designed with 10-7 (n=10), 10-6 (n=10), and 10-5 (n=10) M concentrations. Each egg was punctured on the sixth day of incubation, and drug pellets were introduced to the positive control and drug groups at the prespecified doses. Vascular development was evaluated on the eighth day of application. The total oxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress index levels were determined from albumen liquids obtained with a syringe before and after drug application.
Results
Lower oxidative stress index levels were obtained from the positive control and cilostazol groups compared to the negative control albumens (p=0.001). The increments in vascular junctions and newly developed vascular nodules were evaluated in drug-free and drug-applied chorioallantoic membranes. The highest activity was obtained in the 10-7 M concentration cilostazol group. An increased angiogenic activity was detected in all drug groups in each concentration compared to the negative control group (p=0.001). Angiogenic activity was similar in all the cilostazol-treated groups (p=0.43).
Conclusion
Cilostazol has a positive stimulant effect on angiogenesis and it seems to suppress oxidative stress during embryonic growth. Cilostazol exerts these effects significantly and similarly at different doses.
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26
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Merlos Rodrigo MA, Casar B, Michalkova H, Jimenez Jimenez AM, Heger Z, Adam V. Extending the Applicability of In Ovo and Ex Ovo Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane Assays to Study Cytostatic Activity in Neuroblastoma Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:707366. [PMID: 34540673 PMCID: PMC8440826 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.707366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay can provide an alternative versatile, cost-effective, and ethically less controversial in vivo model for reliable screening of drugs. In the presented work, we demonstrate that CAM assay (in ovo and ex ovo) can be simply employed to delineate the effects of cisplatin (CDDP) and ellipticine (Elli) on neuroblastoma (Nbl) cells in terms of their growth and metastatic potential. Methods The Nbl UKF-NB-4 cell line was established from recurrent bone marrow metastases of high-risk Nbl (stage IV, MYCN amplification, 7q21 gain). Ex ovo and in ovo CAM assays were optimized to evaluate the antimetastatic activity of CDDP and Elli. Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and DNA isolation were performed. Results Ex ovo CAM assay was employed to study whether CDDP and Elli exhibit any inhibitory effects on growth of Nbl xenograft in ex ovo CAM assay. Under the optimal conditions, Elli and CDDP exhibited significant inhibition of the size of the primary tumor. To study the efficiency of CDDP and Elli to inhibit primary Nbl tumor growth, intravasation, and extravasation in the organs, we adapted the in ovo CAM assay protocol. In in ovo CAM assay, both studied compounds (CDDP and Elli) exhibited significant (p < 0.001) inhibitory activity against extravasation to all investigated organs including distal CAM. Conclusions Taken together, CAM assay could be a helpful and highly efficient in vivo approach for high-throughput screening of libraries of compounds with expected anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Merlos Rodrigo
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Berta Casar
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hana Michalkova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ana Maria Jimenez Jimenez
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
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27
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Kohl C, Aung T, Haerteis S, Papathemelis T. Assessment of breast cancer primary tumor material in a 3D in vivo model. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 79:157-166. [PMID: 34487030 DOI: 10.3233/ch-219113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women and highly heterogeneous with a variety of different molecular subtypes. The analysis of the individual tumor biology is necessary to develop a specific and individualized treatment plan for every patient. The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, a 3D-in-vivo-tumor-model, could potentially provide a methodology that facilitates the gain of additional information regarding the tumor biology as well as the testing of the tumor's individual sensitivity to different therapies. OBJECTIVE The objective was to establish the grafting of different breast cancer primaries onto the CAM for tumor profiling and the investigation of different parameters. METHODS Breast cancer primary tissue of different patients was grafted onto the CAM. Subsequently, 3D volume and perfusion measurements were performed during the engraftment period. Histological analyses of the tumors were carried out after the engraftment period. RESULTS The grafting of the breast cancer primaries onto the CAM was successful. The tumors remained partially vital and displayed angiogenic development on the CAM. CONCLUSIONS Breast cancer primary material can be grafted onto the CAM and we observed visible and measurable changes of perfusion over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Kohl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Marien Hospital Amberg, Amberg, Germany
| | - Thiha Aung
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Center of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Papathemelis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Marien Hospital Amberg, Amberg, Germany
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28
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Grambow E, Sorg H, Sorg CGG, Strüder D. Experimental Models to Study Skin Wound Healing with a Focus on Angiogenesis. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:medsci9030055. [PMID: 34449673 PMCID: PMC8395822 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of models are now available for the investigation of skin wound healing. These can be used to study the processes that take place in a phase-specific manner under both physiological and pathological conditions. Most models focus on wound closure, which is a crucial parameter for wound healing. However, vascular supply plays an equally important role and corresponding models for selective or parallel investigation of microcirculation regeneration and angiogenesis are also described. In this review article, we therefore focus on the different levels of investigation of skin wound healing (in vivo to in virtuo) and the investigation of angiogenesis and its parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard Grambow
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Heiko Sorg
- Department of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58455 Witten, Germany;
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Westfalen, Am Knappschaftskrankenhaus 1, 44309 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian G. G. Sorg
- Chair of Management and Innovation in Health Care, Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management, Economics and Society, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58455 Witten, Germany;
| | - Daniel Strüder
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery “Otto Körner”, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
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29
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Preis E, Schulze J, Gutberlet B, Pinnapireddy SR, Jedelská J, Bakowsky U. The chorioallantoic membrane as a bio-barrier model for the evaluation of nanoscale drug delivery systems for tumour therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:317-336. [PMID: 33905805 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In 2010, the European Parliament and the European Union adopted a directive on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. The directive aims to protect animals in scientific research, with the final goal of complete replacement of procedures on live animals for scientific and educational purposes as soon as it is scientifically viable. Furthermore, the directive announces the implementation of the 3Rs principle: "When choosing methods, the principles of replacement, reduction and refinement should be implemented through a strict hierarchy of the requirement to use alternative methods." The visibility, accessibility, and the rapid growth of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) offers a clear advantage for various manipulations and for the simulation of different Bio-Barriers according to the 3R principle. The extensive vascularisation on the CAM provides an excellent substrate for the cultivation of tumour cells or tumour xenografts which could be used for the therapeutic evaluation of nanoscale drug delivery systems. The tumour can be targeted either by topical application, intratumoural injection or i.v. injection. Different application sites and biological barriers can be examined within a single model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Preis
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jan Schulze
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Gutberlet
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Shashank Reddy Pinnapireddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany; CSL Behring Innovation GmbH, Emil-von-Behring-Str. 76, 35041 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jarmila Jedelská
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany; Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Core Facility for Small Animal MRI, Hans-Meerwein Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
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30
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Sarogni P, Mapanao AK, Marchetti S, Kusmic C, Voliani V. A Standard Protocol for the Production and Bioevaluation of Ethical In Vivo Models of HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1227-1234. [PMID: 34151212 PMCID: PMC8205242 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical cancer research increasingly demands sophisticated models for the development and translation of efficient and safe cancer treatments to clinical practice. In this regard, tumor-grafted chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) models are biological platforms that account for the dynamic roles of the tumor microenvironment and cancer physiopathology, allowing straightforward investigations in agreement to the 3Rs concept (the concept of reduction, refinement, and replacement of animal models). CAM models are the next advanced model for tumor biological explorations as well as for reliable assessment regarding initial efficacy, toxicity, and systemic biokinetics of conventional and emerging neoplasm treatment modalities. Here we report a standardized and optimized protocol for the production and biocharacterization of human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck chick chorioallantoic membrane models from a commercial cell line (SCC-25). Oral malignancies continue to have severe morbidity with less than 50% long-term survival despite the advancement in the available therapies. Thus, there is a persisting demand for new management approaches to establish more efficient strategies toward their treatment. Remarkably, the inclusion of CAM models in the preclinical research workflow is crucial to ethically foster both the basic and translational oncological research on oral malignancies as well as for the advancement of efficient cancer treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Sarogni
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56126, Italy
- NEST-Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza
San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Sabrina Marchetti
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56100, Italy
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56100, Italy
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56126, Italy
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Kundeková B, Máčajová M, Meta M, Čavarga I, Bilčík B. Chorioallantoic Membrane Models of Various Avian Species: Differences and Applications. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040301. [PMID: 33917385 PMCID: PMC8067367 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) of an avian embryo is used as an experimental model in various fields of research, including angiogenesis research and drug testing, xenografting and cancer research, and other scientific and commercial disciplines in microbiology, biochemistry, cosmetics, etc. It is a low-cost, low-maintenance, and well-available in vivo animal model that is non-sentient and can be used as an alternative for other mammal experimental models. It respects the principles of the "3R" rule (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement)-conditions set out for scientific community providing an essential framework for conducting a more human animal research, which is also in line with constantly raising public awareness of welfare and the ethics related to the use of animal experimental models. In this review, we describe the chorioallantoic membrane of an avian embryo, focusing on its properties and development, its advantages and disadvantages as an experimental model, and the possibilities of its application in various fields of biological research. Since the most common chicken CAM model is already well known and described in many publications, we are particularly focusing on the advantages and application of less known avian species that are used for the CAM model-quail, turkey, and duck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Kundeková
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariana Máčajová
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
| | - Majlinda Meta
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
| | - Ivan Čavarga
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
- St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Bilčík
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.Č.); (B.B.)
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Laurent A, Abdel-Sayed P, Grognuz A, Scaletta C, Hirt-Burri N, Michetti M, de Buys Roessingh AS, Raffoul W, Kronen P, Nuss K, von Rechenberg B, Applegate LA, Darwiche SE. Industrial Development of Standardized Fetal Progenitor Cell Therapy for Tendon Regenerative Medicine: Preliminary Safety in Xenogeneic Transplantation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:380. [PMID: 33916829 PMCID: PMC8066015 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon defects require multimodal therapeutic management over extensive periods and incur high collateral burden with frequent functional losses. Specific cell therapies have recently been developed in parallel to surgical techniques for managing acute and degenerative tendon tissue affections, to optimally stimulate resurgence of structure and function. Cultured primary human fetal progenitor tenocytes (hFPT) have been preliminarily considered for allogeneic homologous cell therapies, and have been characterized as stable, consistent, and sustainable cell sources in vitro. Herein, optimized therapeutic cell sourcing from a single organ donation, industrial transposition of multi-tiered progenitor cell banking, and preliminary preclinical safety of an established hFPT cell source (i.e., FE002-Ten cell type) were investigated. Results underlined high robustness of FE002-Ten hFPTs and suitability for sustainable manufacturing upscaling within optimized biobanking workflows. Absence of toxicity or tumorigenicity of hFPTs was demonstrated in ovo and in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, a 6-week pilot good laboratory practice (GLP) safety study using a rabbit patellar tendon partial-thickness defect model preliminarily confirmed preclinical safety of hFPT-based standardized transplants, wherein no immune reactions, product rejection, or tumour formation were observed. Such results strengthen the rationale of the multimodal Swiss fetal progenitor cell transplantation program and prompt further investigation around such cell sources in preclinical and clinical settings for musculoskeletal regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Laurent
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (A.G.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (M.M.); (L.A.A.)
- Preclinical Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland
- Manufacturing Department, TEC-PHARMA SA, CH-1038 Bercher, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (A.G.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (M.M.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Anthony Grognuz
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (A.G.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (M.M.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Corinne Scaletta
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (A.G.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (M.M.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (A.G.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (M.M.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Murielle Michetti
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (A.G.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (M.M.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Anthony S. de Buys Roessingh
- Children and Adolescent Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Wassim Raffoul
- Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Peter Kronen
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.K.); (K.N.); (B.v.R.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katja Nuss
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.K.); (K.N.); (B.v.R.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte von Rechenberg
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.K.); (K.N.); (B.v.R.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (A.G.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (M.M.); (L.A.A.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Oxford OSCAR Suzhou Center, Oxford University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Salim E. Darwiche
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.K.); (K.N.); (B.v.R.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Utilisation of Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane as a Model Platform for Imaging-Navigated Biomedical Research. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020463. [PMID: 33671534 PMCID: PMC7926796 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fertilised chick egg and particularly its chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) have drawn continuing interest in biomedicine and bioengineering fields, especially for research on vascular study, cancer, drug screening and development, cell factors, stem cells, etc. This literature review systemically introduces the CAM's structural evolution, functions, vascular features and the circulation system, and cell regulatory factors. It also presents the major and updated applications of the CAM in assays for pharmacokinetics and biodistribution, drug efficacy and toxicology testing/screening in preclinical pharmacological research. The time course of CAM applications for different assays and their advantages and limitations are summarised. Among these applications, two aspects are emphasised: (1) potential utility of the CAM for preclinical studies on vascular-disrupting agents (VDAs), promising for anti-cancer vascular-targeted therapy, and (2) modern imaging technologies, including modalities and their applications for real-time visualisation, monitoring and evaluation of the changes in CAM vasculature as well as the interactions occurring after introducing the tested medical, pharmaceutical and biological agents into the system. The aim of this article is to help those working in the biomedical field to familiarise themselves with the chick embryo CAM as an alternative platform and to utilise it to design and optimise experimental settings for their specific research topics.
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Mapanao AK, Che PP, Sarogni P, Sminia P, Giovannetti E, Voliani V. Tumor grafted - chick chorioallantoic membrane as an alternative model for biological cancer research and conventional/nanomaterial-based theranostics evaluation. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021; 17:947-968. [PMID: 33565346 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1879047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Advancements in cancer management and treatment are associated with strong preclinical research data, in which reliable cancer models are demanded. Indeed, inconsistent preclinical findings and stringent regulations following the 3Rs principle of reduction, refinement, and replacement of conventional animal models currently pose challenges in the development and translation of efficient technologies. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a system for the evaluation of treatment effects on the vasculature, therefore suitable for studies on angiogenesis. Apart from vascular effects, the model is now increasingly employed as a preclinical cancer model following tumor-grafting procedures.Areas covered: The broad application of CAM tumor model is highlighted along with the methods for analyzing the neoplasm and vascular system. The presented and cited investigations focus on cancer biology and treatment, encompassing both conventional and emerging nanomaterial-based modalities.Expert opinion: The CAM tumor model finds increased significance given the influences of angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment in cancer behavior, then providing a qualified miniature system for oncological research. Ultimately, the establishment and increased employment of such a model may resolve some of the limitations present in the standard preclinical tumor models, thereby redefining the preclinical research workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy.,NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pei Pei Che
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrizia Sarogni
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | - Peter Sminia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start-Up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
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Tavakkoli H, Khosravi A, Sharifi I, Salari Z, Salarkia E, Kheirandish R, Dehghantalebi K, Jajarmi M, Mosallanejad SS, Dabiri S, Keyhani A. Partridge and embryonated partridge egg as new preclinical models for candidiasis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2072. [PMID: 33483560 PMCID: PMC7822824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most common cause of candidiasis in humans and animals. This study was established to a new experimental infection model for systemic candidiasis using partridge and embryonated partridge egg. First, we tested the induction of systemic candidiasis in partridge and embryonated partridge egg. Finally, interaction between virulence factors of C. albicans and Bcl-2 family members was predicted. We observed that embryonic infection causes a decrease in survival time and at later embryonic days (11–12th), embryos showed lesions. Morphometric analysis of the extra-embryonic membrane (EEM) vasculature showed that vascular apoptotic effect of C. albicans was revealed by a significant reduction in capillary area. In immunohistochemistry assay, low expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax confirmed apoptosis. The gene expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was also altered in fungi-exposed EEM. Ourin silico simulation has shown an accurate interaction between aspartic proteinase, polyamine oxidase, Bcl-2 and BAX. We observed that the disease was associated with adverse consequences, which were similar to human candidiasis. Acquired results support the idea that partridge and embryonated partridge egg can be utilized as appropriate preclinical models to investigate the pathological effects of candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Tavakkoli
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, 22 Bahman Boulevard, Pajouhesh Square, Kerman, 7616914111, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 22 Bahman Boulevard, Pajouhesh Square, Kerman, 7616914115, Iran.
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 22 Bahman Boulevard, Pajouhesh Square, Kerman, 7616914115, Iran
| | - Zohreh Salari
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 22 Bahman Boulevard, Pajouhesh Square, Kerman, 7616914115, Iran
| | - Reza Kheirandish
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kazem Dehghantalebi
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, 22 Bahman Boulevard, Pajouhesh Square, Kerman, 7616914111, Iran
| | - Maziar Jajarmi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Saedeh Mosallanejad
- Afzalipour School of Medicine and Biochemistry Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Afzalipour School of Medicine and Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Keyhani
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 22 Bahman Boulevard, Pajouhesh Square, Kerman, 7616914115, Iran
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Jarvis S, Koumadoraki E, Madouros N, Sharif S, Saleem A, Khan S. Non-rodent animal models of osteosarcoma: A review. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 27:100307. [PMID: 33453605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is extremely malignant, and the most common cancer that affects bone. Current treatments involve surgical resection of the affected area and multi-agent chemotherapy, though survival rate is generally poor for those affected by metastases. As treatment for osteosarcoma has remained unchanged for the past few decades, there is a need for further advancements in the understanding of osteosarcoma biology and therapeutics. Thus, reliable animal models that can accurately recapitulate the disease are required. Though rodents represent the most popular animal model of osteosarcoma, they may not model the disease best. This review analyzes emerging alternative non-rodent animal models of osteosarcoma, such as the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, pigs, and canines. Each of these alternatives offer advantages over classic rodent models for pre-clinical research. Research of these cross-species platforms imparts knowledge of metastases biology and potential new treatments for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sommer Jarvis
- California Institute of Neurosciences & Behavioral Psychology, 4751 Mangels Blvd, Fairfield, CA 94534, United States.
| | - Evgenia Koumadoraki
- California Institute of Neurosciences & Behavioral Psychology, 4751 Mangels Blvd, Fairfield, CA 94534, United States
| | - Nikolaos Madouros
- California Institute of Neurosciences & Behavioral Psychology, 4751 Mangels Blvd, Fairfield, CA 94534, United States
| | - Shayka Sharif
- California Institute of Neurosciences & Behavioral Psychology, 4751 Mangels Blvd, Fairfield, CA 94534, United States
| | - Amber Saleem
- California Institute of Neurosciences & Behavioral Psychology, 4751 Mangels Blvd, Fairfield, CA 94534, United States
| | - Safeera Khan
- California Institute of Neurosciences & Behavioral Psychology, 4751 Mangels Blvd, Fairfield, CA 94534, United States
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37
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Feder AL, Pion E, Troebs J, Lenze U, Prantl L, Htwe MM, Phyo A, Haerteis S, Aung T. Extended analysis of intratumoral heterogeneity of primary osteosarcoma tissue using 3D-in-vivo-tumor-model. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 76:133-141. [PMID: 32925008 DOI: 10.3233/ch-209204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcomas are a rare, heterogeneous and malignant group of bone tumors that have a high potential for metastasis and aggressive growth patterns. Treatment of metastasized osteosarcoma is often insufficient and research is compromised by problems encountered when culturing cells or analyzing genetic alterations due to the high level of intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity. The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, a 3D-in-vivo-tumor-model, could potentially facilitate the investigation of osteosarcoma heterogeneity at an individual and highly specified level. OBJECTIVE Objective was to establish the grafting and transplantation of different primary osteosarcoma tissue parts onto several consecutive CAMs for tumor profiling and investigation of osteosarcoma heterogeneity. METHODS Various parts of primary osteosarcoma tissue were grafted onto CAMs and were transplanted onto another CAM for five to seven consecutive times, enabling further experimental analyzes. RESULTS Primary osteosarcoma tissue parts exhibited satisfactory growth patterns and displayed angiogenic development on the CAM. It was possible to graft and transplant different tumor parts several times while the tissue viability was still high and tumor profiling was performed. CONCLUSIONS Primary osteosarcoma tissue grew on several different CAMs for an extended time period and neovascularization of serial transplanted tumor parts was observed, improving the versatility of the 3D-in-vivo-tumor-model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Feder
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eric Pion
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Troebs
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lenze
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sportorthopaedics, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Center of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maung Mg Htwe
- Sarcoma and Musculoskeletal Oncoplastic Division, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Aung Phyo
- Sarcoma and Musculoskeletal Oncoplastic Division, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thiha Aung
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Center of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Sarcoma and Musculoskeletal Oncoplastic Division, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
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38
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Troebs J, Asam C, Pion E, Prantl L, Aung T, Haerteis S. 3D monitoring of tumor volume in an in vivo model. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 76:123-131. [PMID: 32925020 DOI: 10.3233/ch-209216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to evaluate tumor development within experimental oncology is of upmost importance. However, determining tumor volumes in 3D in vivo tumor models is challenging. The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model represents an optimized xenograft model that surpasses many disadvantages that are inherent to rodent models and provides the opportunity of real-time monitoring of tumor growth. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to introduce a new method that enables monitoring of tumor growth within the CAM model throughout the course of the experiment. METHODS Sarcoma cell lines and sarcoma primary tumors were grafted onto the CAM of fertilized chicken eggs. A digital microscope (Keyence VHX-6000) was used for 3D volume monitoring before and after tumor excision and compared it to tumor weight. RESULTS Accuracy of tumor volumes was validated through correlation with tumor weight. In and ex ovo tumor volumes correlated significantly with tumor weight values. CONCLUSIONS The described method can be used to assess the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on the growth of tumors that have been grafted onto the CAM and further advance personalized cancer therapy. In summary, we established a promising protocol that enables in vivo real-time tracking of tumor growth in the CAM model using a digital microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Troebs
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Asam
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eric Pion
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Center of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thiha Aung
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Center of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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39
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Kato M, Sasaki T, Inoue T. Current experimental human tissue-derived models for prostate cancer research. Int J Urol 2020; 28:150-162. [PMID: 33247498 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Scientists engaged in prostate cancer research have been conducting experiments using two-dimensional cultures of prostate cancer cell lines for decades. However, these experiments fail to reproduce and reflect the clinical course of individual patients with prostate cancer, or the molecular and genetic characteristics of prostate cancer, the basic requirement for most of the preclinical studies on prostate cancer. The use of human prostate cancer tissues in experiments has enabled the collection and verification of clinically relevant data, including chemical reactions, changes in proteins, and specific gene expression. Tissue recombination models have been employed for studying prostate development, the initiation and progression of prostate cancer, and the tumor microenvironment. Notably, the epithelial-stromal interaction, which might play a critical role in prostate cancer pathogenesis, can be reproduced in this model. Patient-derived xenograft models have been developed as powerful avatars comprising patient-derived prostate cancer tissues implanted in immunocompromised mice and could serve as a precision medicine approach for each prostate cancer patient. Spheroid and organoid assays, representative of modern three-dimensional cultures, can replicate the conditions in human prostate tumors and the prostate organ itself as a miniature model. Although an intact immune system against the tumor is missing from the models aimed at investigating immuno-oncological reagents in various malignancies, all these experimental models can help researchers in developing new drugs and selecting appropriate treatment strategies for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Kato
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Buhr CR, Wiesmann N, Tanner RC, Brieger J, Eckrich J. The Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay in Nanotoxicological Research-An Alternative for In Vivo Experimentation. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122328. [PMID: 33255445 PMCID: PMC7760845 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials unveil many applicational possibilities for technical and medical purposes, which range from imaging techniques to the use as drug carriers. Prior to any human application, analysis of undesired effects and characterization of their toxicological profile is mandatory. To address this topic, animal models, and rodent models in particular, are most frequently used. However, as the reproducibility and transferability to the human organism of animal experimental data is increasingly questioned and the awareness of animal welfare in society increases at the same time, methodological alternatives are urgently required. The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is an increasingly popular in ovo experimental organism suitable for replacement of rodent experimentation. In this review, we outline several application fields for the CAM assay in the field of nanotoxicology. Furthermore, analytical methods applicable with this model were evaluated in detail. We further discuss ethical, financial, and bureaucratic aspects and benchmark the assay with other established in vivo models such as rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph R. Buhr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany; (C.R.B.); (N.W.); (R.C.T.); (J.E.)
| | - Nadine Wiesmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany; (C.R.B.); (N.W.); (R.C.T.); (J.E.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, -Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
| | - Rachel C. Tanner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany; (C.R.B.); (N.W.); (R.C.T.); (J.E.)
| | - Jürgen Brieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany; (C.R.B.); (N.W.); (R.C.T.); (J.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-6131-17-3354
| | - Jonas Eckrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany; (C.R.B.); (N.W.); (R.C.T.); (J.E.)
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Grünewald TGP, Alonso M, Avnet S, Banito A, Burdach S, Cidre‐Aranaz F, Di Pompo G, Distel M, Dorado‐Garcia H, Garcia‐Castro J, González‐González L, Grigoriadis AE, Kasan M, Koelsche C, Krumbholz M, Lecanda F, Lemma S, Longo DL, Madrigal‐Esquivel C, Morales‐Molina Á, Musa J, Ohmura S, Ory B, Pereira‐Silva M, Perut F, Rodriguez R, Seeling C, Al Shaaili N, Shaabani S, Shiavone K, Sinha S, Tomazou EM, Trautmann M, Vela M, Versleijen‐Jonkers YMH, Visgauss J, Zalacain M, Schober SJ, Lissat A, English WR, Baldini N, Heymann D. Sarcoma treatment in the era of molecular medicine. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11131. [PMID: 33047515 PMCID: PMC7645378 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are heterogeneous and clinically challenging soft tissue and bone cancers. Although constituting only 1% of all human malignancies, sarcomas represent the second most common type of solid tumors in children and adolescents and comprise an important group of secondary malignancies. More than 100 histological subtypes have been characterized to date, and many more are being discovered due to molecular profiling. Owing to their mostly aggressive biological behavior, relative rarity, and occurrence at virtually every anatomical site, many sarcoma subtypes are in particular difficult-to-treat categories. Current multimodal treatment concepts combine surgery, polychemotherapy (with/without local hyperthermia), irradiation, immunotherapy, and/or targeted therapeutics. Recent scientific advancements have enabled a more precise molecular characterization of sarcoma subtypes and revealed novel therapeutic targets and prognostic/predictive biomarkers. This review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the molecular biology of sarcomas and their effects on clinical oncology; it is meant for a broad readership ranging from novices to experts in the field of sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas GP Grünewald
- Max‐Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma BiologyInstitute of PathologyFaculty of MedicineLMU MunichMunichGermany
- Division of Translational Pediatric Sarcoma ResearchGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)HeidelbergGermany
- Institute of PathologyHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Marta Alonso
- Program in Solid Tumors and BiomarkersFoundation for the Applied Medical ResearchUniversity of Navarra PamplonaPamplonaSpain
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine UnitIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | - Ana Banito
- Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Research GroupGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center (CCRC)Technische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Florencia Cidre‐Aranaz
- Max‐Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma BiologyInstitute of PathologyFaculty of MedicineLMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Gemma Di Pompo
- Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine UnitIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Merve Kasan
- Max‐Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma BiologyInstitute of PathologyFaculty of MedicineLMU MunichMunichGermany
| | | | | | - Fernando Lecanda
- Division of OncologyAdhesion and Metastasis LaboratoryCenter for Applied Medical ResearchUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Silvia Lemma
- Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine UnitIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | - Dario L Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB)Italian National Research Council (CNR)TurinItaly
| | | | | | - Julian Musa
- Max‐Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma BiologyInstitute of PathologyFaculty of MedicineLMU MunichMunichGermany
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Shunya Ohmura
- Max‐Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma BiologyInstitute of PathologyFaculty of MedicineLMU MunichMunichGermany
| | | | - Miguel Pereira‐Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Francesca Perut
- Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine UnitIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | - Rene Rodriguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de AsturiasOviedoSpain
- CIBER en oncología (CIBERONC)MadridSpain
| | | | - Nada Al Shaaili
- Department of Oncology and MetabolismUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Shabnam Shaabani
- Department of Drug DesignUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Kristina Shiavone
- Department of Oncology and MetabolismUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Snehadri Sinha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Marcel Trautmann
- Division of Translational PathologyGerhard‐Domagk‐Institute of PathologyMünster University HospitalMünsterGermany
| | - Maria Vela
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ)MadridSpain
| | | | | | - Marta Zalacain
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB)Italian National Research Council (CNR)TurinItaly
| | - Sebastian J Schober
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center (CCRC)Technische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Andrej Lissat
- University Children′s Hospital Zurich – Eleonoren FoundationKanton ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - William R English
- Department of Oncology and MetabolismUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine UnitIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Department of Oncology and MetabolismUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Université de NantesInstitut de Cancérologie de l'OuestTumor Heterogeneity and Precision MedicineSaint‐HerblainFrance
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Eckrich J, Kugler P, Buhr CR, Ernst BP, Mendler S, Baumgart J, Brieger J, Wiesmann N. Monitoring of tumor growth and vascularization with repetitive ultrasonography in the chicken chorioallantoic-membrane-assay. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18585. [PMID: 33122780 PMCID: PMC7596505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The chorioallantoic-membrane (CAM)-assay is an established model for in vivo tumor research. Contrary to rodent-xenograft-models, the CAM-assay does not require breeding of immunodeficient strains due to native immunodeficiency. This allows xenografts to grow on the non-innervated CAM without pain or impairment for the embryo. Considering multidirectional tumor growth, limited monitoring capability of tumor size is the main methodological limitation of the CAM-assay for tumor research. Enclosure of the tumor by the radiopaque eggshell and the small structural size only allows monitoring from above and challenges established imaging techniques. We report the eligibility of ultrasonography for repetitive visualization of tumor growth and vascularization in the CAM-assay. After tumor ingrowth, ultrasonography was repetitively performed in ovo using a commercial ultrasonographic scanner. Finally, the tumor was excised and histologically analyzed. Tumor growth and angiogenesis were successfully monitored and findings in ultrasonographic imaging significantly correlated with results obtained in histological analysis. Ultrasonography is cost efficient and widely available. Tumor imaging in ovo enables the longitudinal monitoring of tumoral development, yet allowing high quantitative output due to the CAM-assays simple and cheap methodology. Thus, this methodological novelty improves reproducibility in the field of in vivo tumor experimentation emphasizing the CAM-assay as an alternative to rodent-xenograft-models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Eckrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Philipp Kugler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Raphael Buhr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin Philipp Ernst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simone Mendler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Baumgart
- Translational Animal Research Center, University Medical Center Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Juergen Brieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadine Wiesmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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43
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Kim A, Lee SY, Kim BY, Chung SK. Elimination of Teratogenic Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Bee Venom via Calcium-Calpain Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093265. [PMID: 32380745 PMCID: PMC7246707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are regarded as a promising option for cell-based regenerative medicine. To obtain safe and efficient iPSC-based cell products, it is necessary to selectively eliminate the residual iPSCs prior to in vivo implantation due to the risk of teratoma formation. Bee venom (BV) has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory diseases and relieve pain, and has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer, anti-mutagenic, anti-nociceptive, and radioprotective activities. However, the potential benefits of BV in iPSC therapy, particularly its anti-teratoma activity, have not been examined. In this study, we found that BV selectively induced cell death in iPSCs, but not in iPSC-derived differentiated cells (iPSCs-Diff). BV rapidly disrupted cell membrane integrity and focal adhesions, followed by induction of apoptosis and necroptosis in iPSCs. We also found that BV remarkably enhanced intracellular calcium levels, calpain activation, and reactive oxygen speciesgeneration in iPSCs. BV treatment before in ovo grafting efficiently prevented iPSC-derived teratoma formation. In contrast, no DNA damage was observed in iPSCs-Diff following BV treatment, further demonstrating the safety of BV for use with iPSCs-Diff. Taken together, these findings show that BV has potent anti-teratoma activity by eliminating residual iPSCs, and can be used for the development of effective and safe iPSC-based cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeyung Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (S.-K.C.); Tel.: +82-42-868-9674 (A.K.); +82-42-868-9634 (S.-K.C.)
| | - Seo-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.-Y.L.); (B.-Y.K.)
| | - Bu-Yeo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.-Y.L.); (B.-Y.K.)
| | - Sun-Ku Chung
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (S.-K.C.); Tel.: +82-42-868-9674 (A.K.); +82-42-868-9634 (S.-K.C.)
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Fan TM, Roberts RD, Lizardo MM. Understanding and Modeling Metastasis Biology to Improve Therapeutic Strategies for Combating Osteosarcoma Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:13. [PMID: 32082995 PMCID: PMC7006476 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant primary tumor of bone, arising from transformed progenitor cells with osteoblastic differentiation and osteoid production. While categorized as a rare tumor, most patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma are adolescents in their second decade of life and underscores the potential for life changing consequences in this vulnerable population. In the setting of localized disease, conventional treatment for osteosarcoma affords a cure rate approaching 70%; however, survival for patients suffering from metastatic disease remain disappointing with only 20% of individuals being alive past 5 years post-diagnosis. In patients with incurable disease, pulmonary metastases remain the leading cause for osteosarcoma-associated mortality; yet identifying new strategies for combating metastatic progression remains at a scientific and clinical impasse, with no significant advancements for the past four decades. While there is resonating clinical urgency for newer and more effective treatment options for managing osteosarcoma metastases, the discovery of druggable targets and development of innovative therapies for inhibiting metastatic progression will require a deeper and more detailed understanding of osteosarcoma metastasis biology. Toward the goal of illuminating the processes involved in cancer metastasis, a convergent science approach inclusive of diverse disciplines spanning the biology and physical science domains can offer novel and synergistic perspectives, inventive, and sophisticated model systems, and disruptive experimental approaches that can accelerate the discovery and characterization of key processes operative during metastatic progression. Through the lens of trans-disciplinary research, the field of comparative oncology is uniquely positioned to advance new discoveries in metastasis biology toward impactful clinical translation through the inclusion of pet dogs diagnosed with metastatic osteosarcoma. Given the spontaneous course of osteosarcoma development in the context of real-time tumor microenvironmental cues and immune mechanisms, pet dogs are distinctively valuable in translational modeling given their faithful recapitulation of metastatic disease progression as occurs in humans. Pet dogs can be leveraged for the exploration of novel therapies that exploit tumor cell vulnerabilities, perturb local microenvironmental cues, and amplify immunologic recognition. In this capacity, pet dogs can serve as valuable corroborative models for realizing the science and best clinical practices necessary for understanding and combating osteosarcoma metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Fan
- Comparative Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Michael M Lizardo
- Poul Sorensen Laboratory, Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Part of the Provincial Health Services Authority in British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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45
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Marshall KM, Kanczler JM, Oreffo ROC. Evolving applications of the egg: chorioallantoic membrane assay and ex vivo organotypic culture of materials for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420942734. [PMID: 33194169 PMCID: PMC7594486 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420942734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The chick chorioallantoic membrane model has been around for over a century, applied in angiogenic, oncology, dental and xenograft research. Despite its often perceived archaic, redolent history, the chorioallantoic membrane assay offers new and exciting opportunities for material and growth factor evaluation in bone tissue engineering. Currently, superior/improved experimental methodology for the chorioallantoic membrane assay are difficult to identify, given an absence of scientific consensus in defining experimental approaches, including timing of inoculation with materials and the analysis of results. In addition, critically, regulatory and welfare issues impact upon experimental designs. Given such disparate points, this review details recent research using the ex vivo chorioallantoic membrane assay and the ex vivo organotypic culture to advance the field of bone tissue engineering, and highlights potential areas of improvement for their application based on recent developments within our group and the tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Marshall
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Janos M Kanczler
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Richard OC Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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46
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Schneider-Stock R, Ribatti D. The CAM Assay as an Alternative In Vivo Model for Drug Testing. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2020; 265:303-323. [PMID: 32776283 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay has been re-discovered in cancer research to study the molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer drug effects. Literature about the CAM assay as an alternative in vivo cancer xenograft model according to the 3R principles has exploded in the last 3 years. Following a summary of the basic knowledge about the chicken embryo, we compare advantages and disadvantages with the classical mouse xenograft model, exemplify established and innovative imaging techniques that are used in the CAM model, and give examples of its successful utilization for studying major hallmarks of cancer such as angiogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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47
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Fellenberg J, Lehner B, Saehr H, Schenker A, Kunz P. Tumor Suppressor Function of miR-127-3p and miR-376a-3p in Osteosarcoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122019. [PMID: 31847321 PMCID: PMC6966509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of high-dose chemotherapy about 35 years ago, survival rates of osteosarcoma patients have not been significantly improved. New therapeutic strategies replacing or complementing conventional chemotherapy are therefore urgently required. MicroRNAs represent promising targets for such new therapies, as they are involved in the pathology of multiple types of cancer, and aberrant expression of several miRNAs has already been shown in osteosarcoma. In this study, we identified silencing of miR-127-3p and miR-376a-3p in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues and investigated their role as potential tumor suppressors in vitro and in vivo. Transfection of osteosarcoma cells (n = 6) with miR-127-3p and miR-376a-3p mimics significantly inhibited proliferation and reduced the colony formation capacity of these cells. In contrast, we could not detect any influence of miRNA restoration on cell cycle and apoptosis induction. The effects of candidate miRNA restoration on tumor engraftment and growth in vivo were analyzed using a chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Cells transfected with mir-127-3p and miR-376a-3p showed reduced tumor take rates and tumor volumes and a significant decrease of the cumulative tumor volumes to 41% and 54% compared to wildtype cells. The observed tumor suppressor function of both analyzed miRNAs indicates these miRNAs as potentially valuable targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Fellenberg
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Paraplegiology, University of Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.L.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-56-29291
| | - Burkhard Lehner
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Paraplegiology, University of Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.L.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Heiner Saehr
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Paraplegiology, University of Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.L.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Astrid Schenker
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Paraplegiology, University of Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.L.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Pierre Kunz
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Paraplegiology, University of Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.L.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (P.K.)
- Clinic for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Catholic Hospital Mainz, Rhineland-Pfalz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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48
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Hu J, Ishihara M, Chin AI, Wu L. Establishment of xenografts of urological cancers on chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) to study metastasis. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2019; 2:140-151. [PMID: 31598385 PMCID: PMC6770283 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbz018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the urological system commonly occurs in the kidney, bladder, and prostate
gland. The clear cell subtype of renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) constitutes the great
majority of kidney cancer. Metastatic ccRCC portends a very poor outcome with no effective
treatment available. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in males in the US. Despite
recent advances in selective kinase inhibitors and immunotherapies, the rate of developing
new treatment from bench to bedside is slow. A time-consuming step is at the animal drug
testing stage, in which the mouse model is the gold standard. In the pursuit to streamline
the in vivo cancer biology research and drug development, we explored the
feasibility of the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model to establish xenografts.
The CAM model greatly shortens the time of tumor growth and lowers the cost comparing to
immunocompromised mice. We generated CAM xenografts from ccRCC, bladder and prostate
cancer, with established cancer cell lines and freshly isolated patient-derived tissues,
either as primary tumor cells or small pieces of tumors. The successful CAM engraftment
rate from the different tumor sources is 70% or above. Using our previously established
metastatic ccRCC mouse model, we showed that the CAM xenograft maintains the same tumor
growth pattern and metastatic behavior as observed in mice. Taken together, CAM can serve
as a valuable platform to establish new patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) to study tumor
biology, thus accelerating the development of individualized treatment to halt the deadly
metastatic stage of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Hu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology
| | - Moe Ishihara
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology
| | - Arnold I Chin
- Department of Urology.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lily Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology.,Department of Urology.,Department of Pediatrics.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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