1
|
Staudinger JL, Mahroke A, Patel G, Dattel C, Reddy S. Pregnane X Receptor Signaling Pathway and Vitamin K: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance in Human Health. Cells 2024; 13:681. [PMID: 38667296 PMCID: PMC11049418 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the likely clinical impact of Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) activation by vitamin K on human health. PXR, initially recognized as a master regulator of xenobiotic metabolism in liver, emerges as a key regulator influencing intestinal homeostasis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy. The activation of PXR by vitamin K highlights its role as a potent endogenous and local agonist with diverse clinical implications. Recent research suggests that the vitamin K-mediated activation of PXR highlights this vitamin's potential in addressing pathophysiological conditions by promoting hepatic detoxification, fortifying gut barrier integrity, and controlling pro-inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. PXR activation by vitamin K provides an intricate association with cancer cell survival, particularly in colorectal and liver cancers, to provide new insights into potential novel therapeutic strategies. Understanding the clinical implications of PXR activation by vitamin K bridges molecular mechanisms with health outcomes, further offering personalized therapeutic approaches for complex diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff L. Staudinger
- Division of Basic Sciences, Farber-McIntire Campus, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin Campus, 2901 St Johns Blvd, Joplin, MO 64804, USA (C.D.); (S.R.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
López-Posadas R, Bagley DC, Pardo-Pastor C, Ortiz-Zapater E. The epithelium takes the stage in asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1258859. [PMID: 38529406 PMCID: PMC10961468 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1258859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelium is a dynamic barrier and the damage to this epithelial layer governs a variety of complex mechanisms involving not only epithelial cells but all resident tissue constituents, including immune and stroma cells. Traditionally, diseases characterized by a damaged epithelium have been considered "immunological diseases," and research efforts aimed at preventing and treating these diseases have primarily focused on immuno-centric therapeutic strategies, that often fail to halt or reverse the natural progression of the disease. In this review, we intend to focus on specific mechanisms driven by the epithelium that ensure barrier function. We will bring asthma and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases into the spotlight, as we believe that these two diseases serve as pertinent examples of epithelium derived pathologies. Finally, we will argue how targeting the epithelium is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy that holds promise for addressing these chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío López-Posadas
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universtiy Eralngen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dustin C. Bagley
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt’s House, School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Pardo-Pastor
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt’s House, School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Ortiz-Zapater
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
He W, Xu C, Mao D, Zheng Y, Wang N, Wang M, Mao N, Wang T, Li Y. Recent advances in pyroptosis, liver disease, and traditional Chinese medicine: A review. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5473-5494. [PMID: 37622684 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of liver disease has increased, becoming a major cause of death. Various liver diseases are intricately linked to pyroptosis, which is one of the most common forms of programmed cell death. As a powerful weapon in the fight against liver diseases, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can affect pyroptosis via a number of routes, including the classical, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors protein 3/caspase-1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) pathway, the nonclassical lipopolysaccharide/caspase-11/GSDMD pathway, the ROS/caspase-3/gasdermin E pathway, the caspase-9/caspase-3/GSDMD pathway, and the Apaf-1/caspase-11/caspase-3 pathway. In this review, we provide an overview of pyroptosis, the interplay between pyroptosis and liver diseases, and the mechanisms through which TCM regulates pyroptosis in liver diseases. The information used in the text was collected and compiled from the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang Data up to June 2023. The search was not limited with regard to the language and country of the articles. Research and review articles were included, and papers with duplicate results or unrelated content were excluded. We examined the current understanding of the relationship between pyroptosis and liver diseases as well as the advances in TCM interventions to provide a resource for the identification of potential targets for TCM in the treatment of liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing He
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Canli Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dewen Mao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Minggang Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Nan Mao
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao L, Jin L, Yang B. Protocatechuic acid inhibits LPS-induced mastitis in mice through activating the pregnane X receptor. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2321-2327. [PMID: 37328960 PMCID: PMC10424283 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis refers to the inflammation in the mammary gland caused by various reasons. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) exerts anti-inflammatory effect. However, no studies have shown the protective role of PCA on mastitis. We investigated the protective effect of PCA on LPS-induced mastitis in mice and elucidated its possible mechanism. LPS-induced mastitis model was established by injection of LPS into the mammary gland. The pathology of mammary gland, MPO activity and inflammatory cytokine production were detected to evaluate the effects of PCA on mastitis. In vivo, PCA significantly attenuated LPS-induced mammary pathological changes, MPO activity, TNF-α and IL-1β production. In vitro, the production of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β was significantly reduced by PCA. Furthermore, LPS-induced NF-κB activation was also inhibited by PCA. In addition, PCA was found to activate pregnane X receptor (PXR) transactivation and PCA dose-dependently increased the expression of PXR downstream molecule CYP3A4. In addition, the inhibitory effect of PCA on inflammatory cytokine production was also reversed when PXR was knocked down. In conclusion, the protective effects of PCA on LPS-induced mastitis in mice through regulating PXR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zhao
- Department of Breast SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilinChina
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of AnesthesiologyChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilinChina
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Breast SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilinChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Long XQ, Liu MZ, Liu ZH, Xia LZ, Lu SP, Xu XP, Wu MH. Bile acids and their receptors: Potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4252-4270. [PMID: 37545642 PMCID: PMC10401658 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i27.4252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic and recurrent inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract caused by a complex interplay between genetics and intestinal dysbiosis are called inflammatory bowel disease. As a result of the interaction between the liver and the gut microbiota, bile acids are an atypical class of steroids produced in mammals and traditionally known for their function in food absorption. With the development of genomics and metabolomics, more and more data suggest that the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease are regulated by bile acids and their receptors. Bile acids operate as signalling molecules by activating a variety of bile acid receptors that impact intestinal flora, epithelial barrier function, and intestinal immunology. Inflammatory bowel disease can be treated in new ways by using these potential molecules. This paper mainly discusses the increasing function of bile acids and their receptors in inflammatory bowel disease and their prospective therapeutic applications. In addition, we explore bile acid metabolism and the interaction of bile acids and the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Quan Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Hao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lv-Zhou Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shi-Peng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ming-Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tian CM, Yang MF, Xu HM, Zhu MZ, Yue NN, Zhang Y, Shi RY, Yao J, Wang LS, Liang YJ, Li DF. Stem cell-derived intestinal organoids: a novel modality for IBD. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:255. [PMID: 37479716 PMCID: PMC10362068 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The organoids represent one of the greatest revolutions in the biomedical field in the past decade. This three-dimensional (3D) micro-organ cultured in vitro has a structure highly similar to that of the tissue and organ. Using the regeneration ability of stem cells, a 3D organ-like structure called intestinal organoids is established, which can mimic the characteristics of real intestinal organs, including morphology, function, and personalized response to specific stimuli. Here, we discuss current stem cell-based organ-like 3D intestinal models, including understanding the molecular pathophysiology, high-throughput screening drugs, drug efficacy testing, toxicological evaluation, and organ-based regeneration of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We summarize the advances and limitations of the state-of-the-art reconstruction platforms for intestinal organoids. The challenges, advantages, and prospects of intestinal organs as an in vitro model system for precision medicine are also discussed. Key applications of stem cell-derived intestinal organoids. Intestinal organoids can be used to model infectious diseases, develop new treatments, drug screens, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Mei Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei-Feng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Yantian District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Min-Zheng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Ning-Ning Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Administration, Huizhou Institute of Occupational Diseases Control and Prevention, Huizhou, 516000, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui-Yue Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yu-Jie Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - De-Feng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Flannigan KL, Nieves KM, Szczepanski HE, Serra A, Lee JW, Alston LA, Ramay H, Mani S, Hirota SA. The Pregnane X Receptor and Indole-3-Propionic Acid Shape the Intestinal Mesenchyme to Restrain Inflammation and Fibrosis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:765-795. [PMID: 36309199 PMCID: PMC9883297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Fibrosis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). The pregnane X receptor (PXR) (encoded by NR1I2) suppresses intestinal inflammation and has been shown to influence liver fibrosis. In the intestine, PXR signaling is influenced by microbiota-derived indole-3-propionic acid (IPA). Here, we sought to assess the role of the PXR in regulating intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. METHODS Intestinal inflammation was induced using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Fibrosis was assessed in wild-type (WT), Nr1i2-/-, epithelial-specific Nr1i2-/-, and fibroblast-specific Nr1i2-/- mice. Immune cell influx was quantified by flow cytometry and cytokines by Luminex. Myofibroblasts isolated from WT and Nr1i2-/- mice were stimulated with cytomix or lipopolysaccharide, and mediator production was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Luminex. RESULTS After recovery from DSS-induced colitis, WT mice exhibited fibrosis, a response that was exacerbated in Nr1i2-/- mice. This was correlated with greater neutrophil infiltration and innate cytokine production. Deletion of the PXR in fibroblasts, but not the epithelium, recapitulated this phenotype. Inflammation and fibrosis were reduced by IPA administration, whereas depletion of the microbiota exaggerated intestinal fibrosis. Nr1i2-deficient myofibroblasts were hyperresponsive to stimulation, producing increased levels of inflammatory mediators compared with WT cells. In biopsies from patients with active Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), expression of NR1I2 was reduced, correlating with increased expression of fibrotic and innate immune genes. Finally, both CD and UC patients exhibited reduced levels of fecal IPA. CONCLUSIONS These data highlight a role for IPA and its interactions with the PXR in regulating the mesenchyme and the development of inflammation and fibrosis, suggesting microbiota metabolites may be a vital determinant in the progression of fibrotic complications in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L Flannigan
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kristoff M Nieves
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Holly E Szczepanski
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alex Serra
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Joshua W Lee
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Laurie A Alston
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hena Ramay
- International Microbiome Centre, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao Q, Chen T, Ni C, Hu Y, Nan Y, Lin W, Liu Y, Zheng F, Shi X, Lin Z, Zhu J, Lin Z. Indole-3-propionic Acid Attenuates HI-Related Blood-Brain Barrier Injury in Neonatal Rats by Modulating the PXR Signaling Pathway. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2897-2912. [PMID: 36129348 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important physiological barrier of the human body contributing to maintaining brain homeostasis and normal function. Hypoxic-ischemic (HI)-related brain injury is one of the main causes of neonatal acute morbidity and chronic disability. The previous research of our group confirmed that there was serious BBB destruction during HI brain injury. However, at present, the protection strategy of BBB is very limited, and further research on the protection mechanism is warranted. Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) is a bacterial metabolism with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, having neuroprotective effects and protective effects on the mucosal barrier. However, the role of IPA in BBB is not clear. In this research, we demonstrated the protective effect of IPA on BBB disruption from HI brain injury and hypothesized that it involves the amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress, and MMP activation, thereby inhibiting apoptosis of rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMECs). We demonstrated that expression levels of several inflammatory markers, including iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, were significantly increased from HI damage or OGD injury. However, IPA treatment inhibited the increase significantly. Moreover, we demonstrated that IPA reduced intracellular ROS levels and MMP activation in rBMECs from OGD injury. Further research on the underlying detailed molecular mechanisms suggested that IPA attenuates inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Finally, we investigated the mechanism of the relationship between PXR activation and NF-κB inhibition. The results suggested overexpression of PXR in rBMECs could significantly counteract the decrease of junction proteins and downregulate the increased p-IκB-α and p-NF-κB from OGD injury. However, the protective effects of IPA were reversed by antagonists of the PXR. Taken together, IPA might mitigate HI-induced damage of the BBB and the protective effect may be exerted through modulating the PXR signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianlei Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yan Nan
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of PICU, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Feixia Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xulai Shi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhongdong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jianghu Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Madella AM, Van Bergenhenegouwen J, Garssen J, Masereeuw R, Overbeek SA. Microbial-Derived Tryptophan Catabolites, Kidney Disease and Gut Inflammation. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14090645. [PMID: 36136583 PMCID: PMC9505404 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uremic metabolites, molecules either produced by the host or from the microbiota population existing in the gastrointestinal tract that gets excreted by the kidneys into urine, have significant effects on both health and disease. Tryptophan-derived catabolites are an important group of bacteria-produced metabolites with an extensive contribution to intestinal health and, eventually, chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. The end-metabolite, indoxyl sulfate, is a key contributor to the exacerbation of CKD via the induction of an inflammatory state and oxidative stress affecting various organ systems. Contrastingly, other tryptophan catabolites positively contribute to maintaining intestinal homeostasis and preventing intestinal inflammation—activities signaled through nuclear receptors in particular—the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the pregnane X receptor (PXR). This review discusses the origins of these catabolites, their effect on organ systems, and how these can be manipulated therapeutically in the future as a strategy to treat CKD progression and gut inflammation management. Furthermore, the use of biotics (prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics) as a means to increase the presence of beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to achieve intestinal homeostasis is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avra Melina Madella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); or (S.A.O.); Tel.: +31-30-209-5000 (S.A.O.)
| | - Jeroen Van Bergenhenegouwen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, Utrecht Science Park, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, Utrecht Science Park, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Adriana Overbeek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, Utrecht Science Park, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); or (S.A.O.); Tel.: +31-30-209-5000 (S.A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lucafò M, Muzzo A, Marcuzzi M, Giorio L, Decorti G, Stocco G. Patient-derived organoids for therapy personalization in inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:2636-2653. [PMID: 35979165 PMCID: PMC9260862 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i24.2636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the intestinal tract that have emerged as a growing problem in industrialized countries. Knowledge of IBD pathogenesis is still incomplete, and the most widely-accepted interpretation considers genetic factors, environmental stimuli, uncontrolled immune responses and altered intestinal microbiota composition as determinants of IBD, leading to dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial functions. In vitro models commonly used to study the intestinal barrier do not fully reflect the proper intestinal architecture. An important innovation is represented by organoids, 3D in vitro cell structures derived from stem cells that can self-organize into functional organ-specific structures. Organoids may be generated from induced pluripotent stem cells or adult intestinal stem cells of IBD patients and therefore retain their genetic and transcriptomic profile. These models are powerful pharmacological tools to better understand IBD pathogenesis, to study the mechanisms of action on the epithelial barrier of drugs already used in the treatment of IBD, and to evaluate novel target-directed molecules which could improve therapeutic strategies. The aim of this review is to illustrate the potential use of organoids for therapy personalization by focusing on the most significant advances in IBD research achieved through the use of adult stem cells-derived intestinal organoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Lucafò
- Advanced Translational Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste 34137, Italy
| | - Antonella Muzzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Martina Marcuzzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Giorio
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Giuliana Decorti
- Advanced Translational Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste 34137, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Gabriele Stocco
- Advanced Translational Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste 34137, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dou JY, Zhang M, Cen H, Chen YQ, Wu YF, Lu F, Zhou J, Liu XS, Gu YY. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) and Bioactive Compound Tanshinone IIA Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Through Regulating PXR/NF-κB Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860383. [PMID: 35401224 PMCID: PMC8987575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to provide evidence on the potential protective role of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) and its bioactive compound Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) in AKI and to reveal the specific regulatory function of PXR/NF-κB signaling in AKI-induced renal inflammation. Methods: A network pharmacological analysis was used to study target genes and regulatory networks in the treatment of Salvia miltiorrhiza on AKI. Further experiments with in vivo AKI mouse model and in vitro studies were applied to investigate the renal protective effect of TanIIA in AKI. The mechanisms of TanIIA regulating PXR/NF-κB signaling in renal inflammation were also studied. Results: Network pharmacology had suggested the nuclear receptor family as new therapeutic targets of Salvia miltiorrhiza in AKI treatment. The in vivo studies had demonstrated that TanIIA improved renal function and inflammation by reducing necrosis and promoting the proliferation of tubular epithelial cells. Improved renal arterial perfusion in AKI mice with TanIIA treatment was also recorded by ultrasonography. In vitro studies had shown that TanIIA ameliorated renal inflammation by activating the PXR while inhibiting PXR-mediated NF-κB signaling. The results had suggested a role of PXR activation against AKI-induced renal inflammation. Conclusion: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) may protect the kidneys against AKI by regulating nuclear receptors. TanIIA improved cell necrosis proliferation and reduced renal inflammation by upregulating the expression of the PXR and inhibiting NF-κB signaling in a PXR-dependent manner. The PXR may be a potential therapeutic target for AKI treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yun Dou
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Cen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Qin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yue-Yu Gu, ; Xu-Sheng Liu,
| | - Yue-Yu Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yue-Yu Gu, ; Xu-Sheng Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suau R, Pardina E, Domènech E, Lorén V, Manyé J. The Complex Relationship Between Microbiota, Immune Response and Creeping Fat in Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:472-489. [PMID: 34528668 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, there has been growing interest in the pathological involvement of hypertrophic mesenteric fat attached to the serosa of the inflamed intestinal segments involved in Crohn's disease [CD], known as creeping fat. In spite of its protective nature, creeping fat harbours an aberrant inflammatory activity which, in an already inflamed intestine, may explain why creeping fat is associated with a greater severity of CD. The transmural inflammation of CD facilitates the interaction of mesenteric fat with translocated intestinal microorganisms, contributing to activation of the immune response. This may be not the only way in which microorganisms alter the homeostasis of this fatty tissue: intestinal dysbiosis may also impair xenobiotic metabolism. All these CD-related alterations have a functional impact on nuclear receptors such as the farnesoid X receptor or the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, which are implicated in regulation of the immune response, adipogenesis and the maintenance of barrier function, as well as on creeping fat production of inflammatory-associated cells such as adipokines. The dysfunction of creeping fat worsens the inflammatory course of CD and may favour intestinal fibrosis and fistulizing complications. However, our current knowledge of the pathophysiology and pathogenic role of creeping fat is controversial and a better understanding might provide new therapeutic targets for CD. Here we aim to review and update the key cellular and molecular alterations involved in this inflammatory process that link the pathological components of CD with the development of creeping fat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Suau
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Pardina
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (Catalonia), Spain
| | - Eugeni Domènech
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain.,Gastroenterology Department, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' University Hospital, Badalona (Catalonia), Spain
| | - Violeta Lorén
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Manyé
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yan T, Luo Y, Xia Y, Hamada K, Wang Q, Yan N, Krausz KW, Ward JM, Hao H, Wang P, Gonzalez FJ. St. John's Wort alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis through pregnane X receptor-dependent NFκB antagonism. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21968. [PMID: 34644426 PMCID: PMC10167919 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001098r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
St. John's wort (SJW), from traditional herbs, activates the pregnane X receptor (PXR), a potential drug target for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, how SJW alleviates dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced experimental IBD by activating PXR is unknown. To test this, PXR-humanized, wild-type (WT) and Pxr-null mice, primary intestinal organoids cultures, and the luciferase reporter gene assays were employed. In vivo, a diet supplemented with SJW was found to activate intestinal PXR both in WT and PXR-humanized mice, but not in Pxr-null mice. SJW prevented DSS-induced IBD in PXR-humanized and WT mice, but not in Pxr-null mice. In vitro, hyperforin, a major component of SJW, activated PXR and suppressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α-induced nuclear factor (NF) κB translocation in primary intestinal organoids from PXR-humanized mice, but not Pxr-null mice. Luciferase reporter gene assays showed that hyperforin dose-dependently alleviated TNFα-induced NFκB transactivation by activating human PXR in Caco2 cells. Furthermore, SJW therapeutically attenuated DSS-induced IBD in PXR-humanized mice. These data indicate the therapeutic potential of SJW in alleviating DSS-induced IBD in vivo, and TNFα-induced NFκB activation in vitro, dependent on PXR activation, which may have clinical implications for using SJW as a herbal drug anti-IBD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuhong Luo
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yangliu Xia
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keisuke Hamada
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Qiong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nana Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jerrold M Ward
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in intestinal inflammation: implications of bile acids. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-021-00031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Yu W, Cheng H, Zhu B, Yan J. Network Pharmacology-Based Validation of the Efficacy of Huiyangjiuji Decoction in the Treatment of Experimental Colitis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:666432. [PMID: 34122086 PMCID: PMC8193934 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.666432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the major type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by an overactive immune responses and destruction of the colorectal epithelium with intricate pathological factors. In China, Huiyangjiuji decoction (HYJJ) has been widely administered against inflammation, but the underlying mechanical mechanisms are not known. A murine model of colitis was established by orally feeding 4% dextran sodium sulfate for 5 days. Intestinal organoids (IOs) were treated with TNFα (Tumor necrosis factor-α) as an ex-vivo UC model. A scratch assay combined with a co-culture system that incubated murine epithelial cell line (IEC-6) with macrophages (Mφs) was utilized to assess epithelial recovery under inflammatory conditions. Network pharmacology analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism of HYJJ decoction. In the present study, we confirmed that HYJJ considerably alleviated of DSS-induced colitis, as evidenced by the improved intestinal injury and fecal albumin, as well as feces blood. Network pharmacology analysis identified the active components in HYJJ formula, and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that HYJJ-target genes were enriched in pathogen-induced infections, cancer-related as well as inflammatory pathways. Consistently, RNA-sequencing demonstrated that HYJJ treated inhibited cytokine-cytokine interaction, IBD as well as TNF signaling pathways, confirming the anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic role of HYJJ decoction. In-vitro experimental evidence confirmed the suppression of pro-interleukins by HYJJ, including IL-2, IL-10 and IL-12. Moreover, the contribution of HYJJ to mucosal healing was corroborated by ex-vivo experiments, in which HYJJ rescued TNFα-compromised IOs functions, i.e., elevated mitochondrial stress (MOS) and impaired regeneration capacity. IEC-6 cells co-culture with Mφs from HYJJ-treated experimental colitis mice showed an improved migration capacity as compared to those incubated with Mφs from untreated colitis mice. We conclude that HYJJ re-establishes homeostasis of the gut epithelium during colitis by suppressing inflammation and orchestrating cytokines interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hongju Cheng
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Baoliang Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li H, Illés P, Karunaratne CV, Nordstrøm LU, Luo X, Yang A, Qiu Y, Kurland IJ, Lukin DJ, Chen W, Jiskrová E, Krasulová K, Pečinková P, DesMarais VM, Liu Q, Albanese JM, Akki A, Longo M, Coffin B, Dou W, Mani S, Dvořák Z. Deciphering structural bases of intestinal and hepatic selectivity in targeting pregnane X receptor with indole-based microbial mimics. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104661. [PMID: 33636438 PMCID: PMC8646148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial metabolite mimicry is a new concept that promises to deliver compounds that have minimal liabilities and enhanced therapeutic effects in a host. In a previous publication, we have shown that microbial metabolites of L-tryptophan, indoles, when chemically altered, yielded potent anti-inflammatory pregnane X Receptor (PXR)-targeting lead compounds, FKK5 and FKK6, targeting intestinal inflammation. Our aim in this study was to further define structure-activity relationships between indole analogs and PXR, we removed the phenyl-sulfonyl group or replaced the pyridyl residue with imidazolopyridyl of FKK6. Our results showed that while removal of the phenyl-sulfonyl group from FKK6 (now called CVK003) shifts agonist activity away from PXR towards the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), the imidazolopyridyl addition preserves PXR activity in vitro. However, when these compounds are administered to mice, that unlike the parent molecule, FKK6, they exhibit poor induction of PXR target genes in the intestines and the liver. These data suggest that modifications of FKK6 specifically in the pyridyl moiety can result in compounds with weak PXR activity in vivo. These observations are a significant step forward for understanding the structure-activity relationships (SAR) between indole mimics and receptors, PXR and AhR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Peter Illés
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Xiaoping Luo
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Annie Yang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yunping Qiu
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Irwin J Kurland
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dana J Lukin
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Eva Jiskrová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Krasulová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pečinková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vera M DesMarais
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Albanese
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ashwin Akki
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Longo
- Department of Medical Education, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Breyen Coffin
- Department of Medical Education, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Wei Dou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Di Stasi LC. Coumarin Derivatives in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020422. [PMID: 33467396 PMCID: PMC7830946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-communicable disease characterized by a chronic inflammatory process of the gut and categorized into Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, both currently without definitive pharmacological treatment and cure. The unclear etiology of IBD is a limiting factor for the development of new drugs and explains the high frequency of refractory patients to current drugs, which are also related to various adverse effects, mainly after long-term use. Dissatisfaction with current therapies has promoted an increased interest in new pharmacological approaches using natural products. Coumarins comprise a large class of natural phenolic compounds found in fungi, bacteria, and plants. Coumarin and its derivatives have been reported as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, potentially useful as complementary therapy of the IBD. These compounds produce protective effects in intestinal inflammation through different mechanisms and signaling pathways, mainly modulating immune and inflammatory responses, and protecting against oxidative stress, a central factor for IBD development. In this review, we described the main coumarin derivatives reported as intestinal anti-inflammatory products and its available pharmacodynamic data that support the protective effects of these products in the acute and subchronic phase of intestinal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
van der Sloot KWJ, Voskuil MD, Blokzijl T, Dinkla A, Ravesloot L, Visschedijk MC, van Dullemen HM, Festen EAM, Alizadeh BZ, van Leer-Buter C, Weersma RK, van Goor H, Koets AP, Dijkstra G. Isotype-specific Antibody Responses to Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis Antigens Are Associated With the Use of Biologic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 15:1253-1263. [PMID: 33378524 PMCID: PMC8496491 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis [MAP] in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], especially Crohn's disease [CD] is controversial due conflicting results and lack of reproducibility and standardised tests. The current study focuses on the role of MAP in disease progression and genetic susceptibility, as MAP is likely one of many factors involved in the complex pathogenesis of IBD, potentially affecting a subgroup depending on genetic susceptibility. METHODS Serum from 812 patients was evaluated with seven immunoglobulin [Ig] isotype-specific serology tests assessing humoral response to three different MAP antigens. For each of these in total 21 tests, the intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients were used to evaluate test accuracy. Reliable assays were subsequently analysed in relation to disease characteristics and need for biologic therapy/surgery. Genome-wide genotyping was available for all participants. Genetic determinants of humoral response to MAP antigens were evaluated using genome-wide association analysis and polygenic risk scores [PRS]. RESULTS High IgA or IgM response to MAP2609 was associated with increased use of biologic therapy in CD and ulcerative colitis [UC] [odds ratios 2.69; 95% confidence interval 1.44-5.01; and 2.60, 1.46-4.64, respectively]. No associations were seen for risk of surgery [p-values > 0.29]. We could not identify genetic determinants nor polygenic risk scores for MAP response with genome-wide significance. CONCLUSIONS Extensive assays for serological response to MAP were evaluated using stringent criteria for reliability. Increased IgA and IgM response to MAP antigens was seen in patients exposed to biologic therapy, but no genetic determinants underlying this humoral response were found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley W J van der Sloot
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen and University Medical
Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Corresponding author: Kimberley W. J. van der Sloot, Department of
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center
Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 50 361 61 61;
| | - Michiel D Voskuil
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Tjasso Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Dinkla
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary
Research, Lelystad, The
Netherlands
| | - Lars Ravesloot
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary
Research, Lelystad, The
Netherlands
| | - Marijn C Visschedijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik M van Dullemen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora A M Festen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Behrooz Z Alizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen and University Medical
Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Coretta van Leer-Buter
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen and University
Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center
Groningen, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Ad P Koets
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary
Research, Lelystad, The
Netherlands,Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and
University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Regulation of CAR and PXR Expression in Health and Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112395. [PMID: 33142929 PMCID: PMC7692647 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, NR1I3) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that mainly act as ligand-activated transcription factors. Their functions have long been associated with the regulation of drug metabolism and disposition, and it is now well established that they are implicated in physiological and pathological conditions. Considerable efforts have been made to understand the regulation of their activity by their cognate ligand; however, additional regulatory mechanisms, among which the regulation of their expression, modulate their pleiotropic effects. This review summarizes the current knowledge on CAR and PXR expression during development and adult life; tissue distribution; spatial, temporal, and metabolic regulations; as well as in pathological situations, including chronic diseases and cancers. The expression of CAR and PXR is modulated by complex regulatory mechanisms that involve the interplay of transcription factors and also post-transcriptional and epigenetic modifications. Moreover, many environmental stimuli affect CAR and PXR expression through mechanisms that have not been elucidated.
Collapse
|
20
|
Shao YY, Guo Y, Feng XJ, Liu JJ, Chang ZP, Deng GF, Xu D, Gao JP, Hou RG. Oridonin Attenuates TNBS-induced Post-inflammatory Irritable Bowel Syndrome via PXR/NF-κB Signaling. Inflammation 2020; 44:645-658. [PMID: 33125572 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the beneficial effects of oridonin, a diterpenoid compound isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, on the inflammatory response in TNBS-induced post-inflammatory irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) model and the underlying mechanism. Using the PI-IBS rat model and Caco-2 cell lines, we found that intestinal barrier function reflected by lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio and tight junction protein level was significantly ameliorated by oridonin. We also demonstrated that oridonin abrogated inflammation through inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κBp65 as well as its downstream gene (iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, and IL-6) level. Molecular docking studies confirmed the good binding activity between oridonin and PXR. In Caco-2 cell lines, oridonin markedly inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation in a PXR-dependent manner. Meanwhile, PXR and its target genes CYP3A4 and P-gp were induced by oridonin, which was associated with the decreased expression of NF-κB and the recovery of intestinal barrier. This study indicated that the therapeutic effect of oridonin on experimental PI-IBS through repairing intestinal barrier function may be closely associated with the regulatory role of PXR/NF-κB signaling pathway. Oridonin may serve as a PXR ligand for the development of drugs in the therapy for PI-IBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yao Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jun-Jin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Zhuang-Peng Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Gui-Feng Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ding Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Ping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.
| | - Rui-Gang Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.382 Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, 030000, Shanxi Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li AP. In Vitro Human Cell–Based Experimental Models for the Evaluation of Enteric Metabolism and Drug Interaction Potential of Drugs and Natural Products. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:980-992. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|