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Kim JY, Cho YS. Identification of shared genetic risks underlying metabolic syndrome and its related traits in the Korean population. Front Genet 2024; 15:1417262. [PMID: 39050255 PMCID: PMC11266026 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1417262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Observational studies have demonstrated strong correlations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related traits. To gain insight into the genetic architecture and molecular mechanism of MetS, we investigated the shared genetic basis of MetS and its related traits and further tested their causal relationships. Methods: Using summary statistics from genome-wide association analyses of about 72,000 subjects from the Korean Genome and Epidemiological Study (KoGES), we conducted genome-wide multi-trait analyses to quantify the overall genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization analyses to infer the causal relationships between traits of interest. Results: Genetic correlation analyses revealed a significant correlation of MetS with its related traits, such as obesity traits (body mass index and waist circumference), lipid traits (triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), glycemic traits (fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1C), and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic). Mendelian randomization analyses further demonstrated that the MetS-related traits showing significant overall genetic correlation with MetS could be genetically determined risk factors for MetS. Discussion: Our study suggests a shared genetic basis of MetS and its related traits and provides novel insights into the biological mechanisms underlying these complex traits. Our findings further inform public health interventions by supporting the important role of the management of metabolic risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy lipid profiles, diabetes, and high blood pressure in the prevention of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
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Mozafari S, Ashoori M, Emami Meybodi SM, Solhi R, Mirjalili SR, Firoozabadi AD, Soltani S. Association between APOA5 polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:590. [PMID: 38867151 PMCID: PMC11167842 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been established by many studies, but there have been conflicting results from the literature. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the association between APOA5 gene polymorphisms and the prevalence of MetS. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were searched up to April 2024. The random effects model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between APOA5 gene polymorphisms and the prevalence of MetS development. The potential sources of heterogeneity were evaluated by subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS A total of 30 studies with 54,986 subjects (25,341 MetS cases and 29,645 healthy controls) were included. The presence of rs662799 and rs651821 polymorphisms is associated with an approximately 1.5-fold higher likelihood of MetS prevalence (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.53, p < 0.001; I2 = 67.1%; P-heterogeneity < 0.001; and OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.36-1.65, p < 0.001), respectively. MetS is also more prevalent in individuals with the genetic variants rs3135506 and rs2075291. There was no evidence of a connection with rs126317. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that polymorphisms located in the promoter and coding regions of the APOA5 gene are associated with an increased prevalence of MetS in the adult population. Identifying individuals with these genetic variations could lead to early disease detection and the implementation of preventive strategies to reduce the risk of MetS and its related health issues. However, because the sample size was small and there was evidence of significant heterogeneity for some APOA5 gene polymorphisms, these results need to be confirmed by more large-scale and well-designed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Mozafari
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Ashoori
- Rasool Akram Medical Complex, Clinical Research Development Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Emami Meybodi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Roya Solhi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mirjalili
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran.
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Pan M, Yu M, Zheng S, Luo L, Zhang J, Wu J. Genetic variations in ACE2 gene associated with metabolic syndrome in southern China: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10505. [PMID: 38714718 PMCID: PMC11076479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and genetic predisposition is one of the main triggers for its development. To identify the susceptibility genes for MetS, we investigated the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and MetS in southern China. In total, 339 MetS patients and 398 non-MetS hospitalized patients were recruited. Four ACE2 polymorphisms (rs2074192, rs2106809, rs879922, and rs4646155) were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection method and tested for their potential association with MetS and its related components. ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 minor alleles conferred 2.485-fold and 3.313-fold greater risks of MetS in women. ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 variants were risk factors for obesity, diabetes, and low-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia. However, in men, the ACE2 rs2074192 minor allele was associated with an approximately 0.525-fold reduction in MetS prevalence. Further comparing the components of MetS, ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 variants reduced the risk of obesity and high triglyceride levels. In conclusion, ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 SNPs were independently associated with MetS in a southern Chinese population and showed gender heterogeneity, which can be partially explained by obesity. Thus, these SNPs may be utilized as predictive biomarkers and molecular targets for MetS. A limitation of this study is that environmental and lifestyle differences, as well as genetic heterogeneity among different populations, were not considered in the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhong Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Suli Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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Lee Y, Cho EJ, Choe EK, Kwak MS, Yang JI, Oh SW, Yim JY, Chung GE. Genome-wide association study of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in a Korean population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9753. [PMID: 38679617 PMCID: PMC11056367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified several genetic variants associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. To emphasize metabolic abnormalities in fatty liver, metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been introduced; thus, we aimed to investigate single-nucleotide polymorphisms related to MAFLD and its subtypes. A genome-wide association study was performed to identify genetic factors related to MAFLD. We used a Korean population-based sample of 2282 subjects with MAFLD and a control group of 4669. We replicated the results in a validation sample which included 639 patients with MAFLD and 1578 controls. Additionally, we categorized participants into three groups, no MAFLD, metabolic dysfunction (MD)-MAFLD, and overweight/obese-MAFLD. After adjusting for age, sex, and principal component scores, rs738409 [risk allele G] and rs3810622 [risk allele T], located in the PNPLA3 gene, showed significant associations with MAFLD (P-values, discovery set = 1.60 × 10-15 and 4.84 × 10-10; odds ratios, 1.365 and 1.284, validation set = 1.39 × 10-4, and 7.15 × 10-4, odds ratios, 1.299 and 1.264, respectively). An additional SNP rs59148799 [risk allele G] located in the GATAD2A gene showed a significant association with MAFLD (P-values, discovery set = 2.08 × 10-8 and validation set = 0.034, odds ratios, 1.387 and 1.250). rs738409 was significantly associated with MAFLD subtypes ([overweight/obese-MAFLD; odds ratio (95% confidence interval), P-values, 1.515 (1.351-1.700), 1.43 × 10-12 and MD-MAFLD: 1.300 (1.191-1.416), 2.90 × 10-9]. There was a significant relationship between rs3810622 and overweight/obese-MAFLD and MD-MAFLD [odds ratios (95% confidence interval), P-values, 1.418 (1.258, 1.600), 1.21 × 10-8 and 1.225 (1.122, 1.340), 7.06 × 10-6, respectively]; the statistical significance remained in the validation set. PNPLA3 was significantly associated with MAFLD and MAFLD subtypes in the Korean population. These results indicate that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Lee
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choe
- Department of Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kwak
- Department of Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong In Yang
- Department of Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Oh
- Department of Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Yim
- Department of Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Goh Eun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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He R, Liu M, Lin Z, Zhuang Z, Shen X, Pan W. DeLIVR: a deep learning approach to IV regression for testing nonlinear causal effects in transcriptome-wide association studies. Biostatistics 2024; 25:468-485. [PMID: 36610078 PMCID: PMC11017120 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have been increasingly applied to identify (putative) causal genes for complex traits and diseases. TWAS can be regarded as a two-sample two-stage least squares method for instrumental variable (IV) regression for causal inference. The standard TWAS (called TWAS-L) only considers a linear relationship between a gene's expression and a trait in stage 2, which may lose statistical power when not true. Recently, an extension of TWAS (called TWAS-LQ) considers both the linear and quadratic effects of a gene on a trait, which however is not flexible enough due to its parametric nature and may be low powered for nonquadratic nonlinear effects. On the other hand, a deep learning (DL) approach, called DeepIV, has been proposed to nonparametrically model a nonlinear effect in IV regression. However, it is both slow and unstable due to the ill-posed inverse problem of solving an integral equation with Monte Carlo approximations. Furthermore, in the original DeepIV approach, statistical inference, that is, hypothesis testing, was not studied. Here, we propose a novel DL approach, called DeLIVR, to overcome the major drawbacks of DeepIV, by estimating a related but different target function and including a hypothesis testing framework. We show through simulations that DeLIVR was both faster and more stable than DeepIV. We applied both parametric and DL approaches to the GTEx and UK Biobank data, showcasing that DeLIVR detected additional 8 and 7 genes nonlinearly associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, respectively, all of which would be missed by TWAS-L, TWAS-LQ, and DeepIV; these genes include BUD13 associated with HDL, SLC44A2 and GMIP with LDL, all supported by previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu He
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, A460 Mayo Building, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 and School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, 313 Ford Hall, 224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, A460 Mayo Building, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 and School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, 313 Ford Hall, 224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Zhaotong Lin
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, A460 Mayo Building, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 and School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, 313 Ford Hall, 224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Zhong Zhuang
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, A460 Mayo Building, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 and School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, 313 Ford Hall, 224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Xiaotong Shen
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, A460 Mayo Building, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 and School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, 313 Ford Hall, 224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Wei Pan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, A460 Mayo Building, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 and School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, 313 Ford Hall, 224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Kim J, Baek Y, Lee S. Consumption of dietary fiber and APOA5 genetic variants in metabolic syndrome: baseline data from the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort Study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:19. [PMID: 38581036 PMCID: PMC10998362 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of dietary fiber has been suggested as an important aspect of a healthy diet to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including cardiovascular disease. The role of fiber intake in MetS might differ by individual genetic susceptibility. APOA5 encodes a regulator of plasma triglyceride levels, which impacts the related mechanisms of MetS. This study investigated the association between dietary fiber and the risk of MetS, assessing their associations according to APOA5 genetic variants. METHODS A total of 1985 participants aged 30-55 years were included from a cross-sectional study based on the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study at baseline (2017-2019). Dietary fiber intake was measured using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The APOA5 polymorphisms (rs2266788 A > G, rs662799 A > G, and rs651821 T > C) were genotyped using the Asia Precision Medicine Research Array. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS A higher consumption of dietary fiber was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS (P = 0.025). Among the components of MetS, an inverse association with dietary fiber was observed in increased waist circumference (OR, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.41-0.88, P for trend = 0.009) and elevated triglycerides (OR, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.50-0.96, P for trend = 0.012). Regarding the interaction with APOA5 genetic variants, a stronger association with dietary fiber intake was shown in G allele carriers of rs662799 than in A/A carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.34, 1.59-3.44, P for interaction = 0.024) and in C allele carriers of rs651821 than in T/T carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.35, 1.59-3.46, P for interaction = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that the benefits of dietary fiber on the risk of MetS could be modified by genetic variants of the APOA5 gene, providing a more effective strategy for preventing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimi Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichang-gu, 51140, Changwon, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Younghwa Baek
- Korean Medicine Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, 34054, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Siwoo Lee
- Korean Medicine Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, 34054, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Mahmoudi SK, Tarzemani S, Aghajanzadeh T, Kasravi M, Hatami B, Zali MR, Baghaei K. Exploring the role of genetic variations in NAFLD: implications for disease pathogenesis and precision medicine approaches. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:190. [PMID: 38504356 PMCID: PMC10953212 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases, affecting more than one-quarter of people worldwide. Hepatic steatosis can progress to more severe forms of NAFLD, including NASH and cirrhosis. It also may develop secondary diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Genetic and environmental factors regulate NAFLD incidence and progression, making it a complex disease. The contribution of various environmental risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, diet, and sedentary lifestyle, to the exacerbation of liver injury is highly understood. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of genetic variations in the NAFLD occurrence or its deterioration still need to be clarified. Hence, understanding the genetic susceptibility to NAFLD is essential for controlling the course of the disease. The current review discusses genetics' role in the pathological pathways of NAFLD, including lipid and glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, cellular stresses, and immune responses. Additionally, it explains the role of the genetic components in the induction and progression of NAFLD in lean individuals. Finally, it highlights the utility of genetic knowledge in precision medicine for the early diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Kosar Mahmoudi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Shadi Tarzemani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Taha Aghajanzadeh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Kasravi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Behzad Hatami
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran.
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran.
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Cruz N, Valente T, Ferreira F, Macedo L, Belisário A, da Silva C, Oliveira N, Gomides A, Velloso-Rodrigues C. CETP gene polymorphisms and haplotypes are explanatory variables for HDL cholesterol level in sickle cell disease. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e12879. [PMID: 38265339 PMCID: PMC10802225 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Variations in lipid profile have been observed in sickle cell disease (SCD) and understanding their relationship with disease severity is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the association of polymorphisms of the CETP gene and laboratory markers of disease severity with lipid profile in a pediatric population with SCD. Biochemical and anthropometric analyses and CETP and alpha-thalassemia genotyping were performed. The study included 133 children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia (SCA) or hemoglobin SC disease (SCC), in steady-state. The SCA and no hydroxyurea (no HU) groups had higher values of ApoB, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) compared to the SCC and HU groups. However, there were no significant differences in ApoA1 and HDL-C levels between the groups based on genotype. Furthermore, the groups with altered levels of ApoA1, HDL-C, and the triglyceride/HDL ratio exhibited lower hemoglobin (Hb) levels and higher white blood cell counts. Hb level was associated to HDL-C levels. Analysis of CETP gene variants showed that the minor alleles of rs3764261 (C>A), rs247616 (C>T), and rs183130 (C>T), as well as the TTA haplotype, are explanatory variables for HDL-C levels. These findings suggested that dyslipidemia in SCD, specifically related to HDL-C levels, may be influenced by individual genetic background. Additionally, further investigation is needed to determine if clinical manifestations are impacted by CETP gene variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.R.C. Cruz
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - T.N.S. Valente
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Vida, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - F.O. Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Vida, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - L.R. Macedo
- Departamento de Economia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - A.R. Belisário
- Centro de Tecidos Biológicos, Fundação Hemominas, Lagoa Santa, MG, Brasil
| | - C.M. da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - N.S. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - A.F.F. Gomides
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Vida, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - C. Velloso-Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Vida, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
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Tarcău BM, Vicaș LG, Filip L, Maghiar F, Șandor M, Pallag A, Jurca T, Mureșan ME, Marian E. Emerging Perspectives on the Set of Conditions That Lead to the Emergence of Metabolic Syndrome. J Pers Med 2023; 14:32. [PMID: 38248733 PMCID: PMC10820431 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, as a medical condition, presents multifactorial complexity that is characterized by the resulting damage from genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors (presence or absence of physical activity, food choices). Thus, metabolic syndrome qualifies unequivocally as a medical condition in which there are, simultaneously, several independent metabolic risk factors, namely, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride level, low HDL cholesterol level, arterial hypertension, and high glycemic level. Although age, sex, socio-economic status, and the precise definition of metabolic syndrome all influence the prevalence and risk of developing the condition, clinical and epidemiological studies clearly show that central obesity, as measured by an increased abdominal circumference, is the main risk factor. Thus, due to the growing global incidence of obesity, there has been an increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome. Starting with obesity, all other metabolic risk factors are influenced: for example, as a result of insulin resistance with hyperglycemia, diabetes is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to increased abdominal circumference. Through this review, we aimed to highlight the latest research studies and dietary nutritional interventions useful in the prevention of this disease but also implementation strategies for primary prevention among the healthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan M. Tarcău
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Science, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Laura G. Vicaș
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (A.P.); (T.J.); (E.M.)
| | - Lorena Filip
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Florin Maghiar
- Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 1st December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Mircea Șandor
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 1st December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Annamaria Pallag
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (A.P.); (T.J.); (E.M.)
| | - Tunde Jurca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (A.P.); (T.J.); (E.M.)
| | - Mariana Eugenia Mureșan
- Department of Preclinical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 1st December Square, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Eleonora Marian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (A.P.); (T.J.); (E.M.)
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10
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Ho CY, Lee JI, Huang SP, Chen SC, Geng JH. A Genome-Wide Association Study of Metabolic Syndrome in the Taiwanese Population. Nutrients 2023; 16:77. [PMID: 38201907 PMCID: PMC10780952 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate genetic factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) by conducting a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Taiwan, addressing the limited data on Asian populations compared to Western populations. Using data from the Taiwan Biobank, comprehensive clinical and genetic information from 107,230 Taiwanese individuals was analyzed. Genotyping data from the TWB1.0 and TWB2.0 chips, including over 650,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), were utilized. Genotype imputation using the 1000 Genomes Project was performed, resulting in more than 9 million SNPs. MetS was defined based on a modified version of the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Among all participants (mean age: 50 years), 23% met the MetS definition. GWAS analysis identified 549 SNPs significantly associated with MetS, collectively mapping to 10 genomic risk loci. Notable risk loci included rs1004558, rs3812316, rs326, rs4486200, rs2954038, rs10830963, rs662799, rs62033400, rs183130, and rs34342646. Gene-set analysis revealed 22 associated genes: CETP, LPL, APOA5, SIK3, ZPR1, APOC1, BUD13, MLXIPL, TOMM40, GCK, YKT6, RPS6KB1, FTO, VMP1, TUBD1, BCL7B, C19orf80 (ANGPTL8), SIDT2, SENP7, PAFAH1B2, DOCK6, and FOXA2. This study identified genomic risk loci for MetS in a large Taiwanese population through a comprehensive GWAS approach. These associations provide novel insights into the genetic basis of MetS and hold promise for the potential discovery of clinical biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yi Ho
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-In Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Shu-Pin Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Hung Geng
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
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11
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Zhu M, Lv Y, Peng Y, Wu Y, Feng Y, Jia T, Xu S, Li S, Wang W, Tian J, Sun L. GCKR and ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1709-1718. [PMID: 37524927 PMCID: PMC10587232 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the associations of GCKR and ADIPOQ variants with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese women. METHODS GCKR rs1260326, ADIPOQ rs266729, and rs1501299 were selected and genotyped in 519 GDM patients and 498 controls. Candidate SNPs were genotyped using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with next-generation sequencing methods, and the association of these SNPs with GDM was analyzed. RESULTS We found that GCKR rs1260326 was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM in the allele model, the codominant model (CC vs. TT), the dominant model, the recessive model, and the genotypic model distributions (p = 0.0029, p = 0.0022, p = 0.0402, p = 0.0038, and p = 0.0028, respectively). The rs1260326 polymorphism was shown to be associated with 1 h-OGTT level and gravidity in GDM patients (CC vs. TT: p = 0.0475 and p = 0.0220, respectively). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was significantly higher in the GDM patients with the rs266729 GG genotype compared to those with the CC or CG genotype (p = 0.0444 and p = 0.0339, respectively). The DBP of the GDM patients with the rs1501299 GT genotype was lower than that of those with the GG genotype (p = 0.0197). There was a weak linkage disequilibrium value between the GCKR and ADIPOQ SNPs. CONCLUSIONS The genes GCKR and ADIPOQ may be involved in the pathophysiology of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manning Zhu
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaer Lv
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqing Peng
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingnan Wu
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tianshuang Jia
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songcheng Xu
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songxue Li
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawei Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Litao Sun
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Prone-Olazabal D, Davies I, González-Galarza FF. Metabolic Syndrome: An Overview on Its Genetic Associations and Gene-Diet Interactions. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:545-560. [PMID: 37816229 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors that includes central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemias and whose inter-related occurrence may increase the odds of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. MetS has become one of the most studied conditions, nevertheless, due to its complex etiology, this has not been fully elucidated. Recent evidence describes that both genetic and environmental factors play an important role on its development. With the advent of genomic-wide association studies, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have gained special importance. In this review, we present an update of the genetics surrounding MetS as a single entity as well as its corresponding risk factors, considering SNPs and gene-diet interactions related to cardiometabolic markers. In this study, we focus on the conceptual aspects, diagnostic criteria, as well as the role of genetics, particularly on SNPs and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for interindividual analysis. In addition, this review highlights future perspectives of personalized nutrition with regard to the approach of MetS and how individualized multiomics approaches could improve the current outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Prone-Olazabal
- Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Ian Davies
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, The Institute for Health Research, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Robea MA, Balmus IM, Girleanu I, Huiban L, Muzica C, Ciobica A, Stanciu C, Cimpoesu CD, Trifan A. Coagulation Dysfunctions in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Relevance. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1614. [PMID: 37763733 PMCID: PMC10535217 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases. Its incidence is progressively rising and it is possibly becoming a worldwide epidemic. NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of diseases accounting for the chronic accumulation of fat within the hepatocytes due to various causes, excluding excessive alcohol consumption. In this study, we aimed to focus on finding evidence regarding the implications of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes that form the multifaceted pathophysiological tableau in relation to thrombotic events that co-occur in NAFLD and associated chronic liver diseases. Recent evidence on the pathophysiology of NAFLD suggests that a complex pattern of multidirectional components, such as prooxidative, proinflammatory, and prothrombotic components, better explains the multiple factors that promote the mechanisms underlying the fatty acid excess and subsequent processes. As there is extensive evidence on the multi-component nature of NAFLD pathophysiology, further studies could address the complex interactions that underlie the development and progression of the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to describe possible pathophysiological mechanisms connecting the molecular impairments with the various clinical manifestations, focusing especially on the interactions among oxidative stress, inflammation, and coagulation dysfunctions. Thus, we described the possible bidirectional modulation among coagulation homeostasis, oxidative stress, and inflammation that occurs in the various stages of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Andreea Robea
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Ioana-Miruna Balmus
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Alexandru Lapusneanu Street, No. 26, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Girleanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Huiban
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Muzica
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue, No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei nr. 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Carol Stanciu
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Carmen Diana Cimpoesu
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency County Hospital “Sf. Spiridon”, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iasi, Blvd. Independentei 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Trifan
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
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14
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Alipour N, Kazemnejad A, Akbarzadeh M, Eskandari F, Zahedi AS, Daneshpour MS. Regularized Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Metabolic Syndrome Using GCKR, APOA5, and BUD13 Gene Variants: Tehran Cardiometabolic Genetic Study. CELL JOURNAL 2023; 25:536-545. [PMID: 37641415 PMCID: PMC10542204 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2023.2000864.1294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex multifactorial disorder that considerably burdens healthcare systems. We aim to classify MetS using regularized machine learning models in the presence of the risk variants of GCKR, BUD13 and APOA5, and environmental risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cohort study was conducted on 2,346 cases and 2,203 controls from eligible Tehran Cardiometabolic Genetic Study (TCGS) participants whose data were collected from 1999 to 2017. We used different regularization approaches [least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), ridge regression (RR), elasticnet (ENET), adaptive LASSO (aLASSO), and adaptive ENET (aENET)] and a classical logistic regression (LR) model to classify MetS and select influential variables that predict MetS. Demographics, clinical features, and common polymorphisms in the GCKR, BUD13 and APOA5 genes of eligible participants were assessed to classify TCGS participant status in MetS development. The models' performance was evaluated by 10-repeated 10-fold crossvalidation. Various assessment measures of sensitivity, specificity, classification accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) and AUC-precision-recall (AUC-PR) curves were used to compare the models. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 50.38% of participants developed MetS. The groups were not similar in terms of baseline characteristics and risk variants. MetS was significantly associated with age, gender, schooling years, body mass index (BMI), and alternate alleles in all the risk variants, as indicated by LR. A comparison of accuracy, AUCROC, and AUC-PR metrics indicated that the regularization models outperformed LR. Regularized machine learning models provided comparable classification performances, whereas the aLASSO model was more parsimonious and selected fewer predictors. CONCLUSION Regularized machine learning models provided more accurate and parsimonious MetS classifying models. These high-performing diagnostic models can lay the foundation for clinical decision support tools that use genetic and demographical variables to locate individuals at high risk for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Alipour
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Akbarzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Eskandari
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Statistics, Mathematics and Computer, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Sadat Zahedi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Oh SM, Kim SK, Ahn HJ, Jeong KH. A Pilot Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Markers of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:285-292. [PMID: 37550229 PMCID: PMC10407332 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported that psoriasis is associated with the development of metabolic syndrome. Genome-wide association studies have been used to discover gene variant markers that occur frequently in case group in relation to specific diseases. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the variants of specific genes involved in metabolic syndrome associated with psoriasis. METHODS A total of 95 psoriasis patients were recruited and divided into two groups: one with metabolic syndrome (38 patients) and the other without (57 patients). After genotyping, imputation, and quality checking, the association between the several single nucleotide polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome in psoriasis was tested, followed by gene set enrichment analysis. RESULTS We found 76 gene polymorphisms that conferred an increased risk for metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs17154774 of FRMD4A, rs77498336 of GPR116, rs75949580 and rs187682251 of MAPK4) showed the strongest association between metabolic syndrome and psoriasis. The epidermal growth factor receptor protein was located at the center of the protein interactions for the gene polymorphisms. CONCLUSION This study identified several previously unknown polymorphisms associated with metabolic syndrome in psoriasis. These results highlight the potential for future genetic studies to elucidate the development, and ultimately prevent the onset, of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Oh
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Kang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Heon Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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16
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Revelas M, Thalamuthu A, Zettergren A, Oldmeadow C, Najar J, Seidu NM, Armstrong NJ, Riveros C, Kwok JB, Schofield PR, Trollor JN, Waern M, Wright MJ, Zetterberg H, Ames D, Belnnow K, Brodaty H, Scott RJ, Skoog I, Attia JR, Sachdev PS, Mather KA. High polygenic risk score for exceptional longevity is associated with a healthy metabolic profile. GeroScience 2023; 45:399-413. [PMID: 35972662 PMCID: PMC9886704 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy metabolic measures in humans are associated with longevity. Dysregulation leads to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and negative health outcomes. Recent exceptional longevity (EL) genome wide association studies have facilitated estimation of an individual's polygenic risk score (PRS) for EL. We tested the hypothesis that individuals with high ELPRS have a low prevalence of MetS. Participants were from five cohorts of middle-aged to older adults. The primary analyses were performed in the UK Biobank (UKBB) (n = 407,800, 40-69 years). Replication analyses were undertaken using three Australian studies: Hunter Community Study (n = 2122, 55-85 years), Older Australian Twins Study (n = 539, 65-90 years) and Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (n = 925, 70-90 years), as well as the Swedish Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (n = 2273, 70-93 years). MetS was defined using established criteria. Regressions and meta-analyses were performed with the ELPRS and MetS and its components. Generally, MetS prevalence (22-30%) was higher in the older cohorts. In the UKBB, high EL polygenic risk was associated with lower MetS prevalence (OR = 0.94, p = 1.84 × 10-42) and its components (p < 2.30 × 10-8). Meta-analyses of the replication cohorts showed nominal associations with MetS (p = 0.028) and 3 MetS components (p < 0.05). This work suggests individuals with a high polygenic risk for EL have a healthy metabolic profile promoting longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Revelas
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Jenna Najar
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nazib M Seidu
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Mathematics and Statistics, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Carlos Riveros
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John B Kwok
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margda Waern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychosis Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Hong Kong Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - David Ames
- University of Melbourne Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, St George's Hospital, Kew, VIC, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville Victoria, Australia
| | - Kaj Belnnow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John R Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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The mechanism of BUD13 m6A methylation mediated MBNL1-phosphorylation by CDK12 regulating the vasculogenic mimicry in glioblastoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1017. [PMID: 36463205 PMCID: PMC9719550 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is an endothelium-independent tumor microcirculation that provides adequate blood supply for tumor growth. The presence of VM greatly hinders the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) with anti-angiogenic drugs. Therefore, targeting VM formation may be a feasible therapeutic strategy for GBM. The research aimed to evaluate the roles of BUD13, CDK12, MBNL1 in regulating VM formation of GBM. BUD13 and CDK12 were upregulated and MBNL1 was downregulated in GBM tissues and cells. Knockdown of BUD13, CDK12, or overexpression of MBNL1 inhibited GBM VM formation. METTL3 enhanced the stability of BUD13 mRNA and upregulated its expression through m6A methylation. BUD13 enhanced the stability of CDK12 mRNA and upregulated its expression. CDK12 phosphorylated MBNL1, thereby regulating VM formation of GBM. The simultaneous knockdown of BUD13, CDK12, and overexpression of MBNL1 reduced the volume of subcutaneously transplanted tumors in nude mice and prolonged the survival period. Thus, the BUD13/CDK12/MBNL1 axis plays a crucial role in regulating VM formation of GBM and provides a potential target for GBM therapy.
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Nephrolithiasis: A Red Flag for Cardiovascular Risk. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195512. [PMID: 36233380 PMCID: PMC9573143 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence shows that nephrolithiasis is associated with cardiovascular (CV) morbidities. The association between nephrolithiasis and CV disease is not surprising because both diseases share conditions that facilitate their development. Metabolic conditions, encompassed in the definition of metabolic syndrome (MS), and habits that promote nephrolithiasis by altering urine composition also promote clinical manifestations of CV disease. By inducing oxidative stress, these conditions cause endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness, which are both well-known predictors of CV disease. Furthermore, the subtle systemic metabolic acidosis observed in stone formers with CV disease may have a pathogenic role by increasing bone turnover and leading to reduced mineral content and osteoporosis/osteopenia. Heart valves and/or coronary artery and aortic calcifications are frequently associated with reduced mineral density. This is known as the 'calcification paradox' in osteoporosis and has also been observed in subjects with calcium nephrolithiasis. Evidence supports the hypothesis that osteoporosis/osteopenia is an independent risk factor for the development of CV calcifications. In the long term, episodes of renal stones may occur from the onset of metabolic derangements/MS to arterial stiffness/atherosclerosis and CV morbidities. These episodes should be considered a warning sign of an ongoing and silent atherosclerotic process. The evaluation of cardiometabolic risk factors and MS components should be routine in the assessment of renal stone formers. This would allow for treatment and prevention of the development of CV complications, which are much more severe for the patient and for public health.
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Lee S, Kim SA, Hong J, Kim Y, Hong G, Baik S, Choi K, Lee MK, Lee KR. Identification of genetic variants related to metabolic syndrome by next-generation sequencing. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:119. [PMID: 35999587 PMCID: PMC9396768 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00893-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions associated with glucose intolerance, hypertension, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Since MetS is known as a complex symptom with a high incidence of genetic factors, it is important to identify genetic variants for each clinical characteristic of MetS. METHODS We performed targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify genetic variants related to obesity, blood glucose, triacylglycerol (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, and hypertension in 48 subjects with MetS and in 48 healthy subjects. RESULTS NGS analysis revealed that 26 of 48 subjects (54.2%) with MetS had putative non-synonymous variants related to the clinical features of MetS. Of the subjects with MetS, 8 (16.7%) had variants in 4 genes (COL6A2, FTO, SPARC, and MTHFR) related to central obesity, 17 (35.4%) had variants in 6 genes (APOB, SLC2A2, LPA, ABCG5, ABCG8, and GCKR) related to hyperglycemia, 3 (6.3%) had variants in 4 genes (APOA1, APOC2, APOA4, and LMF1) related to hypertriglyceridemia, 8 (16.7%) had variants in 4 genes (ABCA1, CETP, SCARB1, and LDLR) related to low HDL-cholesterolemia, and 5 (10.4%) had variants in ADD1 related to hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may contribute to broadening the genetic spectrum of risk variants related to the development of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoo Lee
- Center for Companion Biomarker, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea.
| | - Seol-A Kim
- Center for Companion Biomarker, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Hong
- Center for Companion Biomarker, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Center for Companion Biomarker, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea
| | - Gayeon Hong
- Center for Companion Biomarker, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea
| | - SaeYun Baik
- Central Laboratory, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea
| | - Kyeonghwan Choi
- HANARO Medical Foundation, 5F, 1 TOWER, GRAN SEOUL, 33 Jong-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03159, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Lee
- Department of MyGenome, Seoul Clinical Laboratories, 28F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ryul Lee
- Center for Companion Biomarker, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea.
- Central Laboratory, Seoul Clinical Laboratories Healthcare Inc., 23F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea.
- HANARO Medical Foundation, 5F, 1 TOWER, GRAN SEOUL, 33 Jong-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03159, Korea.
- Department of MyGenome, Seoul Clinical Laboratories, 28F, Bldg. A, Heungdeok IT Valley, 13 Heungdeok 1-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16954, Korea.
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Genetic Variants Associated with Elevated Plasma Ceramides in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081497. [PMID: 36011408 PMCID: PMC9407997 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition of metabolic disorders and shows a steady onset globally. Ceramides are known as intracellular signaling molecules that influence key metabolism through various pathways such as MetS and insulin resistance. Therefore, it is important to identify novel genetic factors related to increased plasma ceramides in subjects with MetS. Here we first measured plasma ceramides levels in 37 subjects with MetS and in 38 healthy subjects by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Specifically, levels of C16 ceramide (Cer-16), C18 ceramide (Cer-18), C20 ceramide (Cer-20), C18 dihydroceramide (DhCer-18), C24 dihydroceramide (DhCer-24), and C24:1 dihydroceramide (DhCer-24:1) were significantly increased in MetS group (p < 5.0 × 10−2). We then performed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping to identify variants associated with elevated plasma ceramides in MetS group using Axiom® Korea Biobank Array v1.1 chip. We also performed linear regression analysis on genetic variants involved in ceramide synthesis and significantly elevated plasma ceramides and dihydroceramides. Ten variants (rs75397325, rs4246316, rs80165332, rs62106618, rs12358192, rs11006229, rs10826014, rs149162405, rs6109681, and rs3906631) across six genes (ACER1, CERS3, CERS6, SGMS1, SPTLC2, and SPTLC3) functionally involved in ceramide biosynthesis showed significant associations with the elevated levels of at least one of the ceramide species in MetS group at a statistically significant threshold of false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted p < 5.0 × 10−2. Our findings suggest that the variants may be genetic determinants associated with increased plasma ceramides in individuals with MetS.
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Wuni R, Adela Nathania E, Ayyappa AK, Lakshmipriya N, Ramya K, Gayathri R, Geetha G, Anjana RM, Kuhnle GGC, Radha V, Mohan V, Sudha V, Vimaleswaran KS. Impact of Lipid Genetic Risk Score and Saturated Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in an Asian Indian Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:2713. [PMID: 35807893 PMCID: PMC9269337 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in lipid metabolism have been linked to the development of obesity. We used a nutrigenetic approach to establish a link between lipids and obesity in Asian Indians, who are known to have a high prevalence of central obesity and dyslipidaemia. A sample of 497 Asian Indian individuals (260 with type 2 diabetes and 237 with normal glucose tolerance) (mean age: 44 ± 10 years) were randomly chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire. A genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed based on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genetic variants. There was a significant interaction between GRS and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake on waist circumference (WC) (Pinteraction = 0.006). Individuals with a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day), despite carrying ≥2 risk alleles, had a smaller WC compared to individuals carrying <2 risk alleles (Beta = −0.01 cm; p = 0.03). For those individuals carrying ≥2 risk alleles, a high SFA intake (>23.2 g/day) was significantly associated with a larger WC than a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day) (Beta = 0.02 cm, p = 0.02). There were no significant interactions between GRS and other dietary factors on any of the measured outcomes. We conclude that a diet low in SFA might help reduce the genetic risk of central obesity confirmed by CETP and LPL genetic variants. Conversely, a high SFA diet increases the genetic risk of central obesity in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
| | - Evelyn Adela Nathania
- Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, JI. Pulomas Barat Kav. 88, Jakarta Timur 13210, Indonesia;
| | - Ashok K. Ayyappa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Kandaswamy Ramya
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Rajagopal Gayathri
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Gunasekaran Geetha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Gunter G. C. Kuhnle
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
- The Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
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Jiang X, Yang Z, Wang S, Deng S. “Big Data” Approaches for Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome. Front Genet 2022; 13:810152. [PMID: 35571045 PMCID: PMC9095427 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.810152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the concurrence of multiple metabolic disorders resulting in the increased risk of a variety of diseases related to disrupted metabolism homeostasis. The prevalence of MetS has reached a pandemic level worldwide. In recent years, extensive amount of data have been generated throughout the research targeted or related to the condition with techniques including high-throughput screening and artificial intelligence, and with these “big data”, the prevention of MetS could be pushed to an earlier stage with different data source, data mining tools and analytic tools at different levels. In this review we briefly summarize the recent advances in the study of “big data” applications in the three-level disease prevention for MetS, and illustrate how these technologies could contribute tobetter preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Jiang
- Department of United Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhang Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuanglin Deng
- Department of Oncological Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Shuanglin Deng,
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Lin H, Xuan L, Xiang J, Hou Y, Dai H, Wang T, Zhao Z, Wang S, Lu J, Xu Y, Chen Y, Wang W, Ning G, Bi Y, Li M, Xu M. Changes in adiposity modulate the APOA5 genetic effect on blood lipids: A longitudinal cohort study. Atherosclerosis 2022; 350:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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The association between rs1260326 with the risk of NAFLD and the mediation effect of triglyceride on NAFLD in the elderly Chinese Han population. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2736-2747. [PMID: 35333773 PMCID: PMC9004570 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Accumulated studies have pointed out the striking association between variants in or near APOC3, GCKR, PNPLA3, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) at various ages from multiple ethnic groups. This association remained unclear in the Chinese Han elderly population, and whether this relationship correlated to any clinical parameters was also unclear. Objectives: This study aims to decipher the complex relevance between gene polymorphisms, clinical parameters, and NAFLD by association study and mediation analysis. Methods: Eight SNPs (rs2854116, rs2854117, rs780093, rs780094, rs1260362, rs738409, rs2294918, and rs2281135) within APOC3, GCKR, and PNPLA3 were genotyped using the MassARRAY® platform in a large Chinese Han sample comprising of 733 elderly NAFLD patients and 824 age- and ethnic-matched controls. Association and mediation analysis were employed by R. Results: The genotypic frequencies of rs1260326 and rs780094 were significantly different between NAFLD and control (rs1260326: P=0.004, Pcorr=0.020, OR [95%CI]= 0.69 [0.54-0.89]; rs780094: P=0.005, Pcorr=0.025, OR [95%CI]= 0.70 [0.55-0.90]). Particularly, an increased triglyceride level was observed in carriers of rs1260326 T allele (1.94±1.19 mmol/L) compared with non-carriers (1.73±1.05 mmol/L).no significant results were observed in rs780094. Notably, triglyceride levels had considerably indirect impacts on association between NAFLD and rs1260326 (β =0.01, 95% CI: 0.01–0.02), indicating that 12.7% of the association of NAFLD with rs1260326 was mediated by triglyceride levels. Conclusions: Our results identified a prominent relationship between GCKR rs1260326 and NAFLD, and highlighted the mediated effect of triglyceride levels on the that association in the Chinese Han elderly.
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Delving into the Nutraceutical Benefits of Purple Carrot against Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a group of risk factors that may increase the risk of cancer and other health problems. Nowadays, researchers are focusing on food compounds that could prevent many chronic diseases. Thus, people are shifting from dietary supplements towards healthy nutritional approaches. As a nutritious and natural food source, purple carrot (Daucus carota spp. Sativus var. atrorubens Alef.) roots could have an important role in the prevention of MetS as well as cancer. This review provides deep insight into the role of purple carrot’s main bioactive compounds and their effectiveness against MetS and cancer. Phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanin, present in purple carrot roots may be especially productive in avoiding or delaying the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVDs), obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Anthocyanins and other phenolics are successful in reducing metabolic changes and inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory effects. Many researchers have made efforts to employ this vegetable in the prevention and treatment of MetS and cancer. However, more advanced studies are required for the identification of its detailed role, effectiveness, suitable intake, and the effect of its bioactive compounds against these diseases.
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Wuni R, Kuhnle GGC, Wynn-Jones AA, Vimaleswaran KS. A Nutrigenetic Update on CETP Gene–Diet Interactions on Lipid-Related Outcomes. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2022; 24:119-132. [PMID: 35098451 PMCID: PMC8924099 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review An abnormal lipid profile is considered a main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and evidence suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene contribute to variations in lipid levels in response to dietary intake. The objective of this review was to identify and discuss nutrigenetic studies assessing the interactions between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. Recent Findings Relevant articles were obtained through a literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar through to July 2021. An article was included if it examined an interaction between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. From 49 eligible nutrigenetic studies, 27 studies reported significant interactions between 8 CETP SNPs and 17 dietary factors on blood lipids in 18 ethnicities. The discrepancies in the study findings could be attributed to genetic heterogeneity, and differences in sample size, study design, lifestyle and measurement of dietary intake. The most extensively studied ethnicities were those of Caucasian populations and majority of the studies reported an interaction with dietary fat intake. The rs708272 (TaqIB) was the most widely studied CETP SNP, where ‘B1’ allele was associated with higher CETP activity, resulting in lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher serum triglycerides under the influence of high dietary fat intake. Summary Overall, the findings suggest that CETP SNPs might alter blood lipid profiles by modifying responses to diet, but further large studies in multiple ethnic groups are warranted to identify individuals at risk of adverse lipid response to diet. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y.
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Nikolaev G, Robeva R, Konakchieva R. Membrane Melatonin Receptors Activated Cell Signaling in Physiology and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010471. [PMID: 35008896 PMCID: PMC8745360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pineal hormone melatonin has attracted great scientific interest since its discovery in 1958. Despite the enormous number of basic and clinical studies the exact role of melatonin in respect to human physiology remains elusive. In humans, two high-affinity receptors for melatonin, MT1 and MT2, belonging to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been cloned and identified. The two receptor types activate Gi proteins and MT2 couples additionally to Gq proteins to modulate intracellular events. The individual effects of MT1 and MT2 receptor activation in a variety of cells are complemented by their ability to form homo- and heterodimers, the functional relevance of which is yet to be confirmed. Recently, several melatonin receptor genetic polymorphisms were discovered and implicated in pathology-for instance in type 2 diabetes, autoimmune disease, and cancer. The circadian patterns of melatonin secretion, its pleiotropic effects depending on cell type and condition, and the already demonstrated cross-talks of melatonin receptors with other signal transduction pathways further contribute to the perplexity of research on the role of the pineal hormone in humans. In this review we try to summarize the current knowledge on the membrane melatonin receptor activated cell signaling in physiology and pathology and their relevance to certain disease conditions including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Nikolaev
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ralitsa Robeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Rossitza Konakchieva
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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Multi-stage metabolomics and genetic analyses identified metabolite biomarkers of metabolic syndrome and their genetic determinants. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103707. [PMID: 34801968 PMCID: PMC8605407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of multiple cardiometabolic risk factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Identifying novel biomarkers of MetS and their genetic associations could provide insights into the mechanisms of cardiometabolic diseases. Methods Potential MetS-associated metabolites were screened and internally validated by untargeted metabolomics analyses among 693 patients with MetS and 705 controls. External validation was conducted using two well-established targeted metabolomic methods among 149 patients with MetS and 253 controls. The genetic associations of metabolites were determined by linear regression using our previous genome-wide SNP data. Causal relationships were assessed using a one-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach. Findings Nine metabolites were ultimately found to be associated with MetS or its components. Five metabolites, including LysoPC(14:0), LysoPC(15:0), propionyl carnitine, phenylalanine, and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) were selected to construct a metabolite risk score (MRS), which was found to have a dose-response relationship with MetS and metabolic abnormalities. Moreover, MRS displayed a good ability to differentiate MetS and metabolic abnormalities. Three SNPs (rs11635491, rs7067822, and rs1952458) were associated with LysoPC(15:0). Two SNPs, rs1952458 and rs11635491 were found to be marginally correlated with several MetS components. MR analyses showed that a higher LysoPC(15:0) level was causally associated with the risk of overweight/obesity, dyslipidaemia, high uric acid, high insulin and high HOMA-IR. Interpretation We identified five metabolite biomarkers of MetS and three SNPs associated with LysoPC(15:0). MR analyses revealed that abnormal LysoPC metabolism may be causally linked the metabolic risk. Funding This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0907004).
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Lee SY, Lee SR, Choi EK, Kwon S, Yang S, Park J, Choi YJ, Lee HJ, Moon I, Lee E, Han KD, Cha MJ, Oh S, Lip GYH. Association Between Change in Metabolic Syndrome Status and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020901. [PMID: 34369167 PMCID: PMC8475027 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.020901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Backgroud There is a paucity of information on whether changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) status affect the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to evaluate whether changes in MetS status and components of MetS affect AF risk using data from a nationwide observational cohort. Methods and Results A total of 7 565 531 adults without prevalent AF (mean age, 47±14 years) who underwent 2 serial health examinations by the Korean National Health Insurance Cooperation were identified. The patients were categorized into 4 groups according to the change in MetS status in serial evaluations, as follows: patients with persistent MetS (n=1 388 850), healthy patients newly diagnosed with MetS in the second evaluation (n=608 158), patients with MetS who were healthy in the second evaluation (n=798 555), and persistently healthy individuals (n=4 769 968). During a mean 7.9-year follow-up, incident AF was diagnosed in 139 305 (1.8%) patients. After multivariable adjustment, the AF risk was higher by 31% in the patients with persistent MetS , 26% in the patients with MetS who were healthy in the second evaluation, and 16% in the healthy patients newly diagnosed with MetS in the second evaluation compared with the persistently healthy individuals. Regardless of the MetS component type, the AF risk correlated with changes in the number of components. The risk of AF was strongly correlated with MetS status changes in the young and middle-age groups (20-39 years and 40-64 years, respectively) than in the elderly group (≥65 years). Conclusions Dynamic changes in MetS status and persistent MetS were associated with an increased risk of AF in a large-scale Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ryoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Soonil Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhun Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jiesuck Park
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Euijae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Soongsil University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Seil Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea.,Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool and Liverpool Chest & Heart Hospital Liverpool United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
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Arikoglu H, Erkoc-Kaya D, Ipekci SH, Gokturk F, Iscioglu F, Korez MK, Baldane S, Gonen MS. Type 2 diabetes is associated with the MTNR1B gene, a genetic bridge between circadian rhythm and glucose metabolism, in a Turkish population. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4181-4189. [PMID: 34117605 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complicated public health problem in Turkey as well as worldwide. Genome-wide approaches have been guiding in very challenging situations, such as the elucidation of genetic variations underlying complex diseases such as T2D. Despite intensive studies worldwide, few studies have determined the genetic susceptibility to T2D in Turkish populations. In this study, we investigated the effect of genes that are strongly associated with T2D in genome-wide association (GWA) studies, including MTNR1B, CDKAL1, THADA, ADAMTS9 and ENPP1, on T2D and its characteristic traits in a Turkish population. In 824 nonobese individuals (454 T2D patients and 370 healthy individuals), prominent variants of these GWA genes were genotyped by real-time PCR using the LightSNiP Genotyping Assay System. The SNP rs1387153 C/T, which is located 28 kb upstream of the MTNR1B gene, was significantly associated with T2D and fasting blood glucose levels (P < 0.05). The intronic SNP rs10830963 C/G in the MTNR1B gene was not associated with T2D, but it was associated with fasting blood glucose, HbA1C and LDL levels (P < 0.05). The other important GWA loci investigated in our study were not found to be associated with T2D or its traits. Only the SNP rs1044498 (A/C variation) in the ENPP1 gene was determined to be related to fasting blood glucose (P < 0.05). Our study suggests, consistent with the literature, that the MTNR1B locus, which has a prominent role in glucose regulation, is associated with T2D development by affecting blood glucose levels in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Arikoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Dudu Erkoc-Kaya
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Hilmi Ipekci
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hisar Hospital Intercontinental, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Gokturk
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Funda Iscioglu
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muslu Kazim Korez
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Baldane
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sait Gonen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Cerrahpasa Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cho HW, Jin HS, Eom YB. A Genome-Wide Association Study of Novel Genetic Variants Associated With Anthropometric Traits in Koreans. Front Genet 2021; 12:669215. [PMID: 34054925 PMCID: PMC8155599 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.669215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic variants associated with anthropometric traits. However, most of the evidence were reported in European populations. Anthropometric traits such as height and body fat distribution are significantly affected by gender and genetic factors. Here we performed GWAS involving 64,193 Koreans to identify the genetic factors associated with anthropometric phenotypes including height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. We found nine novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 59 independent genetic signals in genomic regions that were reported previously. Of the 19 SNPs reported previously, eight genetic variants at RP11-513I15.6 and one genetic variant at the RP11-977G19.10 region and six Asian-specific genetic variants were newly found. We compared our findings with those of previous studies in other populations. Five overlapping genetic regions (PAN2, ANKRD52, RNF41, HGMA1, and C6orf106) had been reported previously but none of the SNPs were independently identified in the current study. Seven of the nine newly found novel loci associated with height in women revealed a statistically significant skeletal expression of quantitative trait loci. Our study provides additional insight into the genetic effects of anthropometric phenotypes in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Cho
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan-si, South Korea
| | - Yong-Bin Eom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, South Korea
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Masjoudi S, Sedaghati-Khayat B, Givi NJ, Bonab LNH, Azizi F, Daneshpour MS. Kernel machine SNP set analysis finds the association of BUD13, ZPR1, and APOA5 variants with metabolic syndrome in Tehran Cardio-metabolic Genetics Study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10305. [PMID: 33986338 PMCID: PMC8119714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The 11p23.3 chromosomal region plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of MetS. The present study aimed to assess the association between 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at the BUD13, ZPR1, and APOA5 genes with MetS in the Tehran Cardio-metabolic Genetics Study (TCGS). In 5421 MetS affected and non-affected participants, we analyzed the data using two models. The first model (MetS model) examined SNPs' association with MetS. The second model (HTg-MetS Model) examined the association of SNPs with MetS affection participants who had a high plasma triglyceride (TG). The four-gamete rules were used to make SNP sets from correlated nearby SNPs. The kernel machine regression models and single SNP regression evaluated the association between SNP sets and MetS. The kernel machine results showed two sets over three sets of correlated SNPs have a significant joint effect on both models (p < 0.0001). Also, single SNP regression results showed that the odds ratios (ORs) for both models are almost similar; however, the p-values had slightly higher significance levels in the HTg-MetS model. The strongest ORs in the HTg-MetS model belonged to the G allele in rs2266788 (MetS: OR = 1.3, p = 3.6 × 10–7; HTg-MetS: OR = 1.4, p = 2.3 × 10–11) and the T allele in rs651821 (MetS: OR = 1.3, p = 2.8 × 10–7; HTg-MetS: OR = 1.4, p = 3.6 × 10–11). In the present study, the kernel machine regression models could help assess the association between the BUD13, ZPR1, and APOA5 gene variants (11p23.3 region) with lipid-related traits in MetS and MetS affected with high TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Masjoudi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sedaghati-Khayat
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Javanrouh Givi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Najd Hassan Bonab
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran.
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Systematic review of genome-wide association studies of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Atherosclerosis 2021; 327:39-48. [PMID: 34038762 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important cause of death worldwide and has an estimated heritability between 70 and 77%. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are an established way to discover genetic risk variants. The aim of this study was to systematically review the findings and quality of previous AAA GWAS. METHODS The Medline, PubMed, Web of Science and relevant genetic databases were searched to identify previous AAA GWAS. A framework was developed to grade the methodological quality of the GWAS. Data from included studies were extracted to assess methods and findings. RESULTS Eight case-control studies were included. Thirty-three of the 38 total single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously reported were associated with AAA diagnosis at genome-wide significance (p < 5.0 × 10-8). The CDKN2B antisense RNA-1 gene had the most significant association with AAA diagnosis (p = 6.94 × 10-29 and p = 1.54 × 10-33 for rs4007642 and rs10757274 respectively). Age, sex and smoking history were not reported for the complete cohort in any of the included studies, although five of the eight studies adjusted or matched for at least two confounding variables. All included studies had important design limitations including lack of sample size estimation, inconsistent case and control ascertainment and limited phenotyping of the AAAs. AAA growth was assessed in one GWAS, however, no significant associations with the reported SNPs were found. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review identified 33 SNPs associated with AAA diagnosis at genome-wide significance previously validated in multiple cohorts. The association between SNPs and AAA growth was not adequately examined. Previous GWAS have a number of design limitations.
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Chromosomal regions strongly associated with waist circumference and body mass index in metabolic syndrome in a family-based study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6082. [PMID: 33727680 PMCID: PMC7966400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the most crucial phenotype in metabolic syndrome (MetS), and waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) are two common indexes to define obesity. It is an accepted fact that genetic and environmental interaction influence obesity and MetS. Microsatellites are a subcategory of tandem repeats with a length of 1 to 10 nucleotides. Tandem repeats make up repetitive genomic regions. Differences in the number of tandem repeats or their variation (alleles) result in microsatellite polymorphisms. Thus, we attempted to find microsatellite variation associated with WC and BMI in a family-based study. Twelve microsatellite markers were selected to investigate possible genes or chromosomal regions in 91 families with at least one affected MetS. The cut-off values for BMI and WC were considered 25 kg/m2 and 90 cm, respectively. In all members of the families, the strongest association was observed between the marker D11S1304 (allele 1) with both WC and BMI, independently, by the biallelic model in the family-based association test analysis (P < 0.05). Besides, when we compared high- and low-level groups in members with MetS, the markers D8S1743 and D11S1304 (allele 1) showed a strong association with WC (P = 0.0080) and BMI (P = 0.0074), respectively. When the simultaneous detection of the high WC and MetS status was used as a trait, the strongest association was observed with the marker D8S1743 (P = 0.0034). Moreover, when BMI with the high MetS status was used as a trait, the strongest association was observed with the marker D8S1743 (allele 4) (P = 0.0034). The obtained results showed a relationship between obesity and MetS with markers on the selected regions on chromosomes 8 and 11, and to a lesser degree, on chromosome 12.
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Geraghty RM, Cook P, Roderick P, Somani B. Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Kidney Stone Formers: A Comparative Cohort Study with a Median Follow-Up of 19 Years. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10050978. [PMID: 33801183 PMCID: PMC7957897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Kidney stone formers (SF) are more likely to develop diabetes mellitus (DM), but there is no study examining risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in this population. We aimed to describe the risk of MetS in SF compared to non-SF. Methods and Materials: SF referred to a tertiary referral metabolic centre in Southern England from 1990 to 2007, comparator patients were age, sex, and period (first stone) matched with 3:1 ratio from the same primary care database. SF with no documentation or previous MetS were excluded. Ethical approval was obtained and MetS was defined using the modified Association of American Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) criteria. Analysis with cox proportional hazard regression. Results: In total, 828 SF were included after 1000 records were screened for inclusion, with 2484 age and sex matched non-SF comparators. Median follow-up was 19 years (interquartile range—IQR: 15–22) for both stone formers and stone-free comparators. SF were at significantly increased risk of developing MetS (hazard ratio—HR: 1.77; 95% confidence interval—CI: 1.55–2.03, p < 0.001). This effect was robust to adjustment for pre-existing components (HR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.66–2.19, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Kidney stone formers are at increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Given the pathophysiological mechanism, the stone is likely a ‘symptom’ of an underlying metabolic abnormality, whether covert or overt. This has implications the risk of further stone events and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Geraghty
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE7 7DN, UK;
| | - Paul Cook
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;
| | - Paul Roderick
- Department of Public Health, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;
| | - Bhaskar Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-023-807-772-22
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Zahedi AS, Akbarzadeh M, Sedaghati-Khayat B, Seyedhamzehzadeh A, Daneshpour MS. GCKR common functional polymorphisms are associated with metabolic syndrome and its components: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in Iranian adults. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:20. [PMID: 33602293 PMCID: PMC7890822 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies reported that common functional variants (rs780093, rs780094, and rs1260326) in the glucokinase regulator gene (GCKR) were associated with metabolic syndrome despite the simultaneous association with the favorable and unfavorable metabolic syndrome components. We decided to evaluate these findings in a cohort study with a large sample size of Iranian adult subjects, to our knowledge for the first time. We investigated the association of the GCKR variants with incident MetS in mean follow-up times for nearly 10 years. METHODS Analysis of this retrospective cohort study was performed among 5666 participants of the Tehran Cardiometabolic Genetics Study (TCGS) at 19-88 years at baseline. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the metabolic syndrome (JIS criteria) association and its components with rs780093, rs780094, and rs1260326 in an additive genetic model. Cox regression was carried out to peruse variants' association with the incidence of metabolic syndrome in the TCGS cohort study. RESULTS In the current study, we have consistently replicated the association of the GCKR SNPs with higher triglyceride and lower fasting blood sugar levels (p < 0.05) in Iranian adults. The CT genotype of the variants was associated with lower HDL-C levels. The proportional Cox adjusted model regression resulted that TT carriers of rs780094, rs780093, and rs1260326 were associated with 20%, 23%, and 21% excess risk metabolic syndrome incidence, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Elevated triglyceride levels had the strongest association with GCKR selected variants among the metabolic syndrome components. Despite the association of these variants with decreased fasting blood sugar levels, T alleles of the variants were associated with metabolic syndrome incidence; so whether individuals are T allele carriers of the common functional variants, they have a risk factor for the future incidence of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Sadat Zahedi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, POBox: 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Akbarzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, POBox: 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sedaghati-Khayat
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, POBox: 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Seyedhamzehzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, POBox: 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam S. Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, POBox: 19195-4763, Tehran, Iran
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The Relationship of Dietary Pattern and Genetic Risk Score with the Incidence Dyslipidemia: 14-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123840. [PMID: 33339179 PMCID: PMC7765618 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between dietary pattern and genetic risk score (GRS) for dyslipidemia risk among Korean adults. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia defined as total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL and triglyceride ≥200 mg/dL or use dyslipidemia medication. The GRS was calculated by summing the risk alleles of the selected seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms related to dyslipidemia. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis based on the frequency of 36 food groups, “whole grain and soybean products” pattern, “meat, fish and vegetables” pattern, and “bread and noodle” pattern were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. High intake of a “whole grain and soybean products” pattern decreased risks of hypercholesterolemia (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72–0.93, p for trend = 0.0006) and hypertriglyceridemia (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75–0.97, p for trend = 0.0344). In the highest tertile of GRS, the “whole grain and soybean products” pattern was inversely related to hypercholesterolemia risk. Therefore, for people with genotypes that can cause hypercholesterolemia, eating whole grains and soybean products may have a meaningful response, these results could be utilized for genome-based nutrition management.
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