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Xie Y, Wu J, Li Y, Liu H, Peng Y, Zhou P, Sun Y, Kang L, Jiang C, Wu H. Requirements for and Barriers to Rehabilitation Services for Children With Disabilities in Middle- and High-Income Countries: Scoping Review. Interact J Med Res 2024; 13:e50047. [PMID: 39110502 PMCID: PMC11339577 DOI: 10.2196/50047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rehabilitation of children with disabilities has received considerable attention from the United Nations. However, the state of rehabilitation services for children with disabilities worldwide remains far from optimistic, even in economically affluent middle- and high-income countries. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to identify the rehabilitation needs of children with disabilities and their barriers to rehabilitation services in middle- and high-income countries. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE and Web of Science for papers published from January 2013 to December 2023. Studies were included if they were peer-reviewed, full-text articles related to children with disabilities, reporting on their access to rehabilitation services, and conducted in countries classified by the World Bank 2023 as middle- and high-income economies. Exclusion criteria included duplicates, unavailable full texts, and studies without distinct outcomes. A total of 27 studies were selected following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, focusing on children, their families, or service providers. RESULTS The suitability, availability, and affordability of rehabilitation services were identified as the major needs and barriers for children with disabilities in middle- and high-income countries. This included communication barriers, a need for more personnel and facilities, and the stagnation and inadequacy of economic subsidies. CONCLUSIONS Middle- and high-income countries have relatively well-established rehabilitation infrastructure and support systems. They are nevertheless insufficient for meeting the needs of children with disabilities. More attention should be paid to these issues to improve the well-being of children with disabilities. The data provided by this review can help raise awareness of rehabilitation needs and barriers at the policy level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xie
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Li
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Peng
- Office of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Office of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhou Sun
- Office of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyan Kang
- Office of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghua Jiang
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengjing Wu
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Gallagher AL, Murphy R, Fitzgerald J, Murphy CA, Law J. Exploring the acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness of a communication-friendly classroom tool for use in Irish schools: A qualitative inquiry. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287471. [PMID: 37347731 PMCID: PMC10286983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ten percent of the school-aged population have speech, language, and communication needs (SLCN) that impact access to the curriculum. Successful implementation of classroom-based SLCN interventions can reduce barriers to learning, thereby improving educational outcomes for this vulnerable population. The challenges of implementing innovations in educational settings are well-documented, yet limited studies have addressed such considerations when developing, and piloting universal level SLCN interventions for use in Irish schools. METHODS A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken to establish the acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness of a universal level SLCN intervention. An advisory panel of teachers (n = 8) and children with SLCN (n = 2) were engaged as co-researchers in the study. The Communication Supporting Classrooms Observation Tool, developed as part of the Better Communication Project in the UK, was trialled across a diverse sample of school settings (n = 5). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with school practitioners and school leaders, and a deductive content analysis was undertaken using the domains of the Consolidation Framework for Implementation Research. DISCUSSION The observation tool was viewed as acceptable with suggested additions. Integrating use of the tool within existing data-informed, school self-evaluation processes aimed at supporting school improvement was noted as a potential means of supporting implementation. A knowledge gap in relation to school-based models of support for SLCN was identified which may negatively impact implementation. An implementation strategy targeting coherence, cognitive engagement and contextual integration is indicated if the tool is to be normalised into routine practice in Irish classrooms. Implementation needs appeared to vary at the school level. CONCLUSIONS The importance of early-stage exploration to guide implementation planning with regards to developing and testing universal level interventions for SLCN in schools is highlighted. Engaging an advisory panel provides important insights to guide implementation decisions. Findings suggest an adaptive design is required when planning implementation studies targeting classroom setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Lily Gallagher
- Faculty of Education and Health Science, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Rachel Murphy
- Faculty of Education and Health Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Carol-Anne Murphy
- Faculty of Education and Health Science, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - James Law
- School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Lynch S, McDonnell T, Leahy D, Gavin B, McNicholas F. Prevalence of mental health disorders in children and adolescents in the Republic of Ireland: a systematic review. Ir J Psychol Med 2023; 40:51-62. [PMID: 36285647 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2022.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Referrals to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) have increased in recent years. Services are already under-resourced and the adverse psychological impact of Covid-19 is likely to increase demand. Accordingly, an understanding of prevalence of mental health (MH) disorders among youth is imperative to help inform and plan services. AIM To establish prevalence of MH disorders among youth (under 18) in Ireland. METHOD A systematic review using pre-defined search terms in PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase and CINAHL was conducted. Empirical studies conducted in Ireland, in youth and focusing on MH disorders were included. RESULTS From a total of 830 papers identified, 38 papers met inclusion criteria. Significant variation in rates of MH disorders was evident based on study methodology. Screening questionnaires for general psychopathology reported rates of 4.8-17.8% scoring above clinical cut-offs, with higher rates for ADHD (7.3%). Studies examining depression ranged from 4% to 20.8%, while rates for 'current' MH disorder, determined by semi-structured interview, were 15.5%, while 'lifetime' rates varied from 19.9% to 31.2%. Fewer than half (44%) of those identified as 'in need' of specialist MH services were accessing CAMHS. CONCLUSION Data on MH disorders among Irish youth is limited, and studies showed significant variance in rates, making service planning difficult. There is an urgent need for serial epidemiological surveys, with clear operational criteria for clinically impairing MH difficulties. Such studies are essential to understand potential demand and service planning. This is most urgent given the expected increased demand post Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lynch
- School of Medicine & Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T McDonnell
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Leahy
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Glanmire, Cork, Ireland
| | - B Gavin
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F McNicholas
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Lucena Clinic, Saint John of God Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- CHI, OLCHC Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
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Spencer NJ, Ludvigsson J, You Y, Francis K, Abu Awad Y, Markham W, Faresjö T, Goldhaber-Fiebert J, Andersson White P, Raat H, Mensah F, Gauvin L, McGrath JJ. Household income and maternal education in early childhood and activity-limiting chronic health conditions in late childhood: findings from birth cohort studies from six countries. J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:jech-2022-219228. [PMID: 35863874 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-219228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined absolute and relative relationships between household income and maternal education during early childhood (<5 years) with activity-limiting chronic health conditions (ALCHC) during later childhood in six longitudinal, prospective cohorts from high-income countries (UK, Australia, Canada, Sweden, Netherlands, USA). METHODS Relative inequality (risk ratios, RR) and absolute inequality (Slope Index of Inequality) were estimated for ALCHC during later childhood by maternal education categories and household income quintiles in early childhood. Estimates were adjusted for mother ethnicity, maternal age at birth, child sex and multiple births, and were pooled using meta-regression. RESULTS Pooled estimates, with over 42 000 children, demonstrated social gradients in ALCHC for high maternal education versus low (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.85) and middle education (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.38); as well as for high household income versus lowest (RR 1.90, 95% CI 1.66 to 2.18) and middle quintiles (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.54). Absolute inequality showed decreasing ALCHC in all cohorts from low to high education (range: -2.85% Sweden, -13.36% Canada) and income (range: -1.8% Sweden, -19.35% Netherlands). CONCLUSION We found graded relative risk of ALCHC during later childhood by maternal education and household income during early childhood in all cohorts. Absolute differences in ALCHC were consistently observed between the highest and lowest maternal education and household income levels across cohort populations. Our results support a potential role for generous, universal financial and childcare policies for families during early childhood in reducing the prevalence of activity limiting chronic conditions in later childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Psychology, Division of Pediatrics, Linköping University, S-581 85 Linköping, Sweden & Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Yueyue You
- Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kate Francis
- Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yara Abu Awad
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Tomas Faresjö
- Division of Community Medicine, Primary Care, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jeremy Goldhaber-Fiebert
- Centers for Health Policy and Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Pär Andersson White
- Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Science/Inst of Society and Health/Public Health, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Hein Raat
- Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona Mensah
- Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lise Gauvin
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de L'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer J McGrath
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Gallagher A, Murphy CA, Fitzgerald J, Law J. Addressing implementation considerations when developing universal interventions for speech, language and communication needs in the ordinary classroom: a protocol for a scoping review. HRB Open Res 2022; 4:41. [PMID: 35169681 PMCID: PMC8812329 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13249.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding the factors that influence the implementation of health interventions in the context of education is essential to improving outcomes for children and young people with speech, language and communication needs (SLCN). Yet implementation considerations have not been adequately addressed when developing interventions for this context. The aim of this paper is to present a protocol for a scoping review of existing implementation frameworks that might guide SLCN intervention research in schools. Methods: In accordance with scoping review guidelines, the proposed study will be conducted in phases: (1) identifying potentially relevant studies, (2) screening and selection of studies, (3) charting and extracting data from identified frameworks, (4) collating, summarising and reporting the results and (5) consulting with stakeholders. Two reviewers will conduct the screening and the data extraction phases independently. Identified frameworks will be collated, and described, and constructs from the frameworks will be categorised using domains from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. A draft implementation science model will be proposed based on the findings of the scoping review. Conclusions: The findings of this review will provide guidance for researchers to begin to address implementation considerations when developing and facilitating the uptake of universal interventions for SLCN in the ordinary classroom, and ultimately can contribute towards improving outcomes for this vulnerable childhood population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Gallagher
- Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Carol-Anne Murphy
- Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Johanna Fitzgerald
- Department of Educational Psychology, Inclusive & Special Education, Mary Immaculate College, Limerick, Ireland
| | - James Law
- School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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Gallagher A, Murphy CA, Fitzgerald J, Law J. Addressing implementation considerations when developing universal interventions for speech, language and communication needs in the ordinary classroom: a protocol for a scoping review. HRB Open Res 2021; 4:41. [PMID: 35169681 PMCID: PMC8812329 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13249.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding the factors that influence the implementation of health interventions in the context of education is essential to improving outcomes for children and young people with speech and language needs (SLCN). Yet implementation considerations have not been adequately addressed when developing interventions for this context. The aim of this paper is to present a protocol for a scoping review of existing implementation frameworks that might guide SLCN intervention research in schools. Methods: In accordance with scoping review guidelines, the study will be conducted in six phases: (1) identification of the research question, (2) identification of potentially relevant studies of Implementation Science frameworks, (3) study screening and selection, (4) charting and extracting data from identified frameworks, (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results and (6) consultation with stakeholders. Two reviewers will conduct the screening and extraction stages independently. Identified frameworks will be collated, and described, and constructs from the IS frameworks will be categorised using domains from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. A draft implementation science model will be proposed based on the findings of the scoping review. Conclusions: The findings of this review will provide guidance for researchers to begin to address implementation considerations when developing and facilitating the uptake of universal interventions for SLCN in the ordinary classroom, and ultimately can contribute towards improving outcomes for this vulnerable childhood population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Gallagher
- Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Carol-Anne Murphy
- Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Johanna Fitzgerald
- Department of Educational Psychology, Inclusive & Special Education, Mary Immaculate College, Limerick, Ireland
| | - James Law
- School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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Gallagher A, Murphy CA, Fitzgerald J, Law J. Addressing implementation considerations when developing universal interventions for speech, language and communication needs in the ordinary classroom: a protocol for a scoping review. HRB Open Res 2021; 4:41. [PMID: 35169681 PMCID: PMC8812329 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13249.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding the factors that influence the implementation of health interventions in the context of education is essential to improving outcomes for children and young people with speech and language needs (SLCN). Yet implementation considerations have not been adequately addressed when developing interventions for this context. The aim of this paper is to present a protocol for a scoping review of existing implementation frameworks that might guide SLCN intervention research in schools. Methods: In accordance with scoping review guidelines, the study will be conducted in six phases: (1) identification of the research question, (2) identification of potentially relevant studies of Implementation Science frameworks, (3) study screening and selection, (4) charting and extracting data from identified frameworks, (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results and (6) consultation with stakeholders. Two reviewers will conduct the screening and extraction stages independently. Identified frameworks will be collated, and described, and constructs from the IS frameworks will be categorised using domains from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. A draft IS model will be proposed based on the findings of the scoping review. Conclusions: The findings of this review will provide guidance for researchers in addressing implementation considerations when developing universal interventions for SLCN in the ordinary classroom, and ultimately will contribute towards improving outcomes for this vulnerable childhood population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Gallagher
- Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Carol-Anne Murphy
- Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Johanna Fitzgerald
- Department of Educational Psychology, Inclusive & Special Education, Mary Immaculate College, Limerick, Ireland
| | - James Law
- School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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Children and young people's experiences of living with developmental coordination disorder/dyspraxia: A systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative research. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245738. [PMID: 33661934 PMCID: PMC7932121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date services for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have not been informed by the perspective of children with DCD. This study aimed to synthesise the findings of discrete qualitative studies reporting the lived experiences views and preferences of children and young with DCD using a meta-ethnographic approach to develop new conceptual understandings. Methods A systematic search of ten databases; Academic Search Complete, AMED, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsychArticles, PsychInfo, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science, was conducted between March and April 2019, and updated in early June 2020. Meta-ethnography, following the method described by Noblit and Hare was used to synthesise included studies. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist was used to appraise all included papers. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019129178. Results Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-ethnographic synthesis produced three themes; a) ‘It’s harder than it should be’: Navigating daily activities b) Fitting in, and c) ‘So what? I drop things’: Strategies and supports to mitigate challenges. Children with DCD describe a mismatch between their abilities and performance norms for daily activities that led to a cascade of negative consequences including negative self-appraisal, bullying and exclusion. In the face of these difficulties children described creative and successful strategies they enacted and supports they accessed including; assistance from others (parents, friends and teachers), focusing on their strengths and talents, accepting and embracing their difference, adopting a “just do it” attitude, setting personal goals, self-exclusion from some social activities, using humour or sarcasm, viewing performance expectations as a social construct, and enjoying friendships as a forum for fun, acceptance and protection against exclusion. Conclusion Service provision for children and young people with DCD should address the social and attitudinal environments, focus on friendship and social inclusion and address stigma-based bullying particularly within the school environment. Furthermore, practitioners should identify and foster children’s own strategies for navigating daily life activities with DCD. The identified themes resonate with contemporary disability theory and the International Classification of Functioning. The social and attitudinal environmental context of children and young people with DCD profoundly influences their experiences. Future intervention development and service provision for children and young people with DCD should consider opportunities to address social and attitudinal environmental factors.
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