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McCague Y, Somanadhan S, Stokes D, Furlong E. The psychosocial implication of childhood constipation on the children and family: A scoping review protocol. HRB Open Res 2024; 6:48. [PMID: 38812827 PMCID: PMC11134151 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13713.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Constipation is a common problem in childhood that can have psychological, emotional, social, and health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) consequences on children and their families. Primary or functional constipation (FC) has no known underlying pathology but is associated with lifestyle, psychological, and behavioural factors. Misdiagnosis and inadequate management of constipation can result in chronicity that can continue to adulthood, reducing quality of life for the child and their parents/family. It also causes emotional, psychological and emotional distress and concern for children and their families. This scoping review aims to answer the research question, "What has been reported about the psychosocial implication of childhood constipation among children and their families?" Methods The methodology for this scoping review will draw on the six stages of Arksey and O'Malley Framework and the updated and refined version by Peters et al. (2022). The process and reporting will follow the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The Population, Concept and Context (PCC) framework will guide the development of inclusion criteria and the search strategy for this scoping review. Systematic literature searches of PUBMED, CINAHL, ASSIA, PsycInfo and Cochrane Library will be conducted from inception to present. The critical appraisal will be performed on selected articles to promote trustworthiness and methodological rigour. Plans for consultation exercise and dissemination of findings will also be presented. Conclusion This scoping review aims to present a comprehensive synthesis of the characteristics and extent of available literature to develop an understanding of and identify gaps in current knowledge regarding the psychosocial implication of childhood constipation on children and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne McCague
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Suja Somanadhan
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Diarmuid Stokes
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Eileen Furlong
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
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Bedenik T, Cahir C, Bennett K. Building public trust and confidence in secondary use of health data for healthcare improvement and research: a qualitative study pre-protocol. HRB Open Res 2024; 6:47. [PMID: 38947251 PMCID: PMC11214037 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13711.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Secondary use of health data provides opportunities to drive improvements in healthcare provision, personalised medicine, comparative effectiveness research, health services innovation, and policy and practice. However, secondary data use requires compliance with relevant legislation, implementation of technical safeguards, ethical data management, and respect for data sharers. Existing evidence suggests widespread support for secondary use of health data among the public, which co-exists with concerns about privacy, confidentiality and misuse of data. Balancing the protection of individuals' rights against the use of their health data for societal benefits is of vital importance, and trust underpins this process. The study protocol explores how to build public trust and confidence in the secondary use of health data through all key stakeholder groups in Ireland, towards developing a culture that promotes a safe and trustworthy use of data. Methods This study will adopt a qualitative cross-sectional approach conducted in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research COREQ guidelines. Participants in the study will include academics and researchers; healthcare professionals, data protection, ethics and privacy experts and data controllers; pharmaceutical industry and patients and public. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques will be utilised to recruit the participants, and data will be collected utilizing focus groups that may be supplemented with semi-structured interviews. Data will be coded by themes using reflexive thematic analysis (TA) and collective intelligence (CI) will be convened post-analysis to explore the preliminary findings with the participants. Ethics and Dissemination Ethical approval was obtained from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Research Ethics Committee (REC202208013). Final data analysis and dissemination is expected by Q1 2024. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications, presentations at relevant conferences, and other academic, public and policy channels. Lay summaries will be designed for Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) contributors and general public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Bedenik
- School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 DH60, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Caitriona Cahir
- School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 DH60, Ireland
| | - K. Bennett
- School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 DH60, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
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Vu NTH, Quach DT, Miyauchi S, Luu MN, Yoshida M, Nguyen DTN, Yoshino A, Miyaka Y, Okamoto Y, Oka S, Hiyama T. Prevalence and associated factors of chronic constipation among Japanese university students. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1258020. [PMID: 38292906 PMCID: PMC10824902 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1258020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic constipation (CC) is one of the most frequently reported gastrointestinal disorders in the general population and a prominent problem among university students. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and the associated factors of CC among Japanese university students. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among university students at Hiroshima University, Japan. Students answered the web questionnaire when making a web reservation for the health checkup (April 1 to May 31, 2023). The web questionnaire consisted of four sections, including baseline characteristics, lifestyle factors, family history of CC, and three scales to assess depression and eating disorders: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)-26 and Bulimic Investigatory Test (BITE). CC was diagnosed using Rome IV criteria. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine CC-related factors. Results Out of 10,500 individuals who participated in the annual health checkup, 7,496 participants answered the web questionnaire, of whom 5,386 answered all the survey questions. The mean age of the students was 21.1 ± 4.1 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.17. The prevalence of CC was 13.7%. Factors significantly associated with CC in the multivariate model were first-degree family members with CC [Odd ratio (OR): 2.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.31-3.31], severe depression according to BDI scale (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.96-3.43), female sex (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.69-2.36), and short sleep duration of 6 hours or less per day (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.09-1.50). Lack of physical exercise tended to be associated with CC (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00-1.40). Conclusions CC is prevalent among Japanese university students. Significant risk factors for CC included the first-degree family history of CC, severe depression, female sex, and short sleep duration. Lack of physical exercise tended to be associated with CC. This may contribute to implementing suitable education health programs, health care professionals, and public health policies to identify individuals at risk for CC to prevent and treat CC effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu Thi Hanh Vu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
- Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Duc Trong Quach
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Shunsuke Miyauchi
- Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Mai Ngoc Luu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Mahoko Yoshida
- Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Doan Thi Nha Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Atsuo Yoshino
- Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshie Miyaka
- Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuri Okamoto
- Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toru Hiyama
- Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
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Chowdhury K, Sinha S, Kumar S, Haque M, Ahmad R. Constipation: A Pristine Universal Pediatric Health Delinquent. Cureus 2024; 16:e52551. [PMID: 38249647 PMCID: PMC10797657 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Constipation suffered by children is a global public health problem. Functional constipation (FC) brings about deteriorating effects in the children's lives who suffer from it. The risk factors for the development of constipation include the consumption of a diet low in fiber and high in calories (such as the consumption of fast food), a sedentary lifestyle with a lack of exercise, a family history of constipation, and emotional and psychological stress endured by children in their families. It is one of the most common causes of stomachaches in children. FC may lead to fecal incontinence (FI), anal fissures, recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI), and enuresis in children. Severe constipation may result in stool becoming rock-hard and inflexible in the rectum, which is clinically identified as fecal impaction. It is imperative to perform clinical evaluation and treatment, including pharmacological (the use of stimulant and osmotic laxatives) and non-pharmacological (education, changes in diet, intervention to promote positive behavior and address any emotional issues, toilet training, and physiotherapy for the pelvic floor) interventions. In the case of refractory patients, neuromodulation, the irrigation of the anal canal, and surgical management may be needed. It is essential to lead a healthy, stress-free lifestyle with plenty of exercise and a balanced diet rich in fiber (such as fruits and vegetables) so children can have regular bowel habits and thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kona Chowdhury
- Department of Pediatrics, Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Khulna City Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, BGD
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Karnavati Scientific Research Center (KSRC), Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
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Rajindrajith S, Hathagoda W, Ganewatte E, Devanarayana NM, Thapar N, Benninga M. Imaging in pediatric disorders of the gut-brain interactions: current best practice and future directions. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:1255-1266. [PMID: 37997030 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2288164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions (DGBI) are a common clinical problem in children and pose significant challenges to the attending pediatrician. Radiological investigations are commonly ordered to evaluate these children. AREA COVERED This review focuses on the current best practice of using radiological investigations in DGBIs and how novel radiological investigations could revolutionize the assessment and therapeutic approach of DGBI in children. EXPERT OPINION We believe imaging in DGBI is still in its early stages, but it has the potential to revolutionize how we diagnose and treat children with DGBI. As the understanding of the gut-brain axis continues to grow, we can expect to see the disappearance of conventional imaging techniques and the emergence of more sophisticated imaging techniques with less radiation exposure in the future which provide more clinically meaningful information regarding the gut-brain axis and its influence on intestinal function. Some of the novel imaging modalities will be able to broaden our horizon of understanding DGBI in children providing more useful therapeutic options to minimize their suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaman Rajindrajith
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Wathsala Hathagoda
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | - Nikhil Thapar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marc Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wang Y, Shen X, Wang P. Constipation is associated with depression of any severity, but not with suicidal ideation: insights from a large cross-sectional study. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:231. [PMID: 37713119 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between constipation and depression or suicidal ideation (SI) has not been adequately studied. This study aims to examine whether constipation is associated with depression or SI in US adults. METHOD 4,562 adults aged 20 and older were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010 for the sample. The Bowel Health Questionnaire provided constipation information. Clinical depression and depression severity were assessed by the validated Patient Health Questionnaide-9 (PHQ-9), and item 9 of the PHQ-9 assessed SI. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression models. Stability of the results was ensured by a subgroup analysis. RESULT After adjusting for covariates such as demographics, risk behaviors, associated comorbidities, dietary intake, and related medications, the PHQ-9 score and clinical depression were both significantly associated with constipation, with ORs and 95%CIs of 1.13 (1.10-1.16) and 3.76 (2.65-5.34). Depression of all severities was also significantly associated with constipation. The ORs and 95%CIs of constipation with mild depression, moderate depression, and moderately severe to severe depression were 2.21 (1.54-3.16), 3.69 (2.34-5.81) and 6.84 (4.19-11.15), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed no statistically significant interactions (P > 0.05), and the association was stronger in men than in women (OR: 7.81, 95%CI: 3.67-16.61 vs OR: 3.46, 95%CI: 2.31-5.19). The association between constipation and SI was not significant (OR: 1.36, 95%CI: 0.78-2.37). CONCLUSION In conclusion, constipation was significantly associated with depression of any severity, but not with SI, suggesting that enough attention should be paid to the emotional and psychological status of patients with constipation, especially male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Oncology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang' Anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xia Shen
- Department of Nursing, Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li Hu Avenue, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Wang P, Shen X, Wang Y, Jia X. Association between constipation and major depression in adult Americans: evidence from NHANES 2005-2010. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1152435. [PMID: 37654986 PMCID: PMC10465693 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1152435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Current studies on the association between constipation and depression is still insufficient. In this study, we investigated the detailed association between constipation and major depression among American adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 12,352 adults aged 20 and older were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 for the sample. Constipation was defined as fewer than three defecation frequencies per week. For the assessment of major depression, the validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression models. A subgroup analysis was carried out to ensure that the results were stable. Results Of the 12,352 participants, 430 reported constipation, with a prevalence of 3.5%. Depression was reported in 1030 cases, indicating a prevalence rate of 8.3%. Patients with constipation were significantly more likely to have major depression (20.9%) than those without it (7.9%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education level, body mass index, vigorous physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking status, poverty income ratio, diabetes, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use, liver disease, heart disease, pulmonary disease, hypertension, arthritis, cancer, dietary fiber intake, moisture intake, total fat intake, carbohydrates intake, and protein intake, constipation is significantly associated with major depression (OR: 2.20, 95%CI: 1.68-2.87, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses by age, sex, dietary intake, risk behaviors, and common complications showed no statistically significant interactions (p > 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, this study showed that constipation were significantly associated with depression. When treating patients with constipation, it is necessary for clinicians to screen and evaluate depression, and provide timely and effective intervention for patients with depression to avoid further deterioration of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Shen
- Department of Nursing, Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Oncology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Jia
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
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Domínguez-Muñoz A, Bischoff A, Wehrli LA, Judd-Glossy L, Schneider L, Merritt A, Wickham M, Ketzer J, Rodriguez V, Peña A, De La Torre L. Radiologically supervised bowel management program outcome in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:229. [PMID: 37428259 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze our radiologically supervised bowel management program (RS-BMP) outcomes in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC). METHODS A retrospective study was conducted. We included all patients with CIC who participated in our RS-BMP at Children´s Hospital Colorado from July 2016 to October 2022. RESULTS Eighty patients were included. The average time with constipation was 5.6 years. Before our RS-BMP, 95% had received non-radiologically supervised treatments, and 71% had attempted two or more treatments. Overall, 90% had tried Polyethylene Glycol and 43% Senna. Nine patients had a history of Botox injections. Five underwent anterograde continence procedure, and one a sigmoidectomy. Behavioral disorders (BD) were found in 23%. At the end of the RS-BMP, 96% of patients had successful outcomes, 73% were on Senna, and 27% were on enemas. Megarectum was detected in 93% of patients with successful outcomes and 100% with unsuccessful outcomes (p = 0.210). Of the patients with BD, 89% had successful outcomes, and 11% had unsuccessful. CONCLUSION Our RS-BMP has been proven to be effective in treating CIC. The radiologically supervised use of Senna and enemas was the appropriate treatment in 96% of the patients. BD and megarectum were associated with unsuccessful outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Domínguez-Muñoz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Andrea Bischoff
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Lea A Wehrli
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Laura Judd-Glossy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Lauren Schneider
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Anne Merritt
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Maura Wickham
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jill Ketzer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Víctor Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Alberto Peña
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Luis De La Torre
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, International Center for Colorectal and Urogenital Care at Children's Hospital Colorado, Universtity of Colorado, 13213 E 16th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Box 323, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Liu F, Wang G, Ye J, Yao B, Wang J, Wang H, Liu H. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of children with tic disorders and behavioral problems: A real-world study and development of a prediction model. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:53. [PMID: 36732748 PMCID: PMC9893666 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tic disorders (TD) are complex neuropsychiatric disorders frequently associated with a variety of comorbid problems, whose negative effects may exceed those of the tics themselves. In this study, we aimed to explore the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of children with TD and behavioral problems, and develop a prediction model of behavioral problems based on the predictors under real-world conditions. METHODS A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on children with TD. Behavioral problems were surveyed using the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Sociodemographic information was collected from face-to-face interviews using an electronic questionnaire administered during the initial ambulatory visit. Clinical data were collected from medical records, and quality control was performed. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with and without behavioral problems were statistically compared, and a nomogram prediction model was developed based on multivariate logistic regression analysis. The discriminatory ability and clinical utility of the nomogram were assessed by concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC). RESULTS A total of 343 TD cases were included in the final analysis, of which 30.32% had behavioral problems. The prediction model showed age 12-16 years, abnormal birth history, parenting pattern of indulgence, parent/close relatives with psychiatric disorders, chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD)/Tourette syndrome (TS) and moderate/severe tic severity were associated with behavioral problems in children with TD. The C-index of the prediction model (nomogram) was 0.763 (95% confidence interval, 0.710 ~ 0.816). The nomogram was feasible for making beneficial clinical decisions, according to the satisfactory results of the DCA and CIC. CONCLUSIONS A nomogram prediction model for comorbid behavioral problems in children with TD was established. The prediction model demonstrated a good discriminative ability and predictive performance for beneficial clinical decisions. This model further provides a comprehensive understanding of associated sociodemographic and clinical characteristics by visual graphs and allows clinicians to rapidly identify patients with a higher risk of behavioral problems and tailor necessary interventions to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Jingping Ye
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Baozhen Yao
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Junling Wang
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Huaqian Wang
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Hong Liu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
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Rajindrajith S, Devanarayana NM, Thapar N, Benninga MA. Myths and misconceptions about childhood constipation. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:1447-1458. [PMID: 36689003 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-04821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Many widely held beliefs and assumptions concerning childhood constipation continue to interfere with rational management of childhood constipation. Although many still believe that constipation is not a common disease, about 9.5% of the world's children suffer from chronic constipation. Most of these children live in non-Western countries. There are major misconceptions about the etiology of constipation as a significant proportion of clinicians still believe that constipation is caused by some form an organic pathology, whereas in reality, the majority have functional constipation. Contrary to a commonly held belief that children outgrow constipation without long-term problems, there is evidence that constipation leads to significant bowel and psychological consequences and has a major impact on the quality of life which detrimentally affects future health and education. Finally, ineffective management strategies such as increasing fiber and water in the diet, and short duration of treatment owing to the fear that long-term laxative treatment leads to colonic dysfunction, interfere with effective therapeutic strategies. Conclusions: It is apparent that myths and misconception often lead to wrong assumptions regarding the distribution of the disease, its etiology, pathophysiology, and management leading to ordering incorrect investigations and ineffective therapeutic strategies while spending large sums of public funds unnecessarily. Poorly treated constipation leads to deleterious psychological consequences predisposing children to develop significant psychological damage and bowel dysfunctions. This review aims to challenge these myths about various elements of constipation by exploring the existing literature and encouraging clinicians to have a fresh look at old concepts that could interfere with the well-being of children with constipation. What is Known: • Childhood constipation is a growing problem in the world leading to significant suffering and high healthcare expenditure • Myths and misconceptions lead to poor management strategies causing psychological and bowel damage What is New: • Organic, systemic, and bowel disorders leading to constipation are uncommon, and in the majority, it arises due to deliberate fecal withholding and most investigations ordered by clinicians are not very helpful in the management • Most non-pharmacological interventions are not effective in the day-to-day management of childhood constipation. The use of laxatives is considered to be the first-line management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaman Rajindrajith
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - Nikhil Thapar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marc Alexander Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University, of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Wang Y, Cao J, Zhang W, Chen H, Li M, Liu Z, Wang J. What is needed by parents of constipated infants and toddlers: A cross-sectional study in China. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1066355. [PMID: 37124178 PMCID: PMC10130535 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1066355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood functional constipation is a worldwide problem that affects the intestinal function of children and the quality of life of their families. Treatment and management of the disease need to be carried out at home by parents. Assessment of caregiving needs is an important link in planning and implementing the intervention. This study aimed to assess the caregiving needs of parents of FC infants and toddlers. Methods The researchers recruited convenience samples of parents from an outpatient pediatric constipation clinic of a children's medical center. Totally 211 fathers/mothers were recruited. Nursing needs were measured by a questionnaire, and associations between nursing needs and potential factors were examined using multiple regression analysis. Results The vast majority of participants (88.7%) expressed the need of receiving support from professionals, and only 44 (20.85%) had obtained help from medical staff. The needs of parents mainly include information needs, health needs, psychological needs, and social needs. Of all the needs, the highest score was for information needs (3.87 ± 0.69), followed by the dimension of health needs (3.74 ± 0.82). Results showed statistically significant differences in parental education, place of residence, age of children, duration of FC, defecation frequency, difficulty of defecation, and stool traits in nursing needs (p < 0.05). The regression model explained 64.2% of the variance of nursing needs. Conclusions Information needs were the major concern for parents, and the unmet needs of parents should be addressed during treatment and care. When developing care plans and providing health education, it should be adjusted according to the specific conditions of the child and parents to improve the compliance of the parents with treatment and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjin Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Correspondence: Mei Li Zhifeng Liu
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Correspondence: Mei Li Zhifeng Liu
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Sun Z, Su X, Zhao X, Yao Y, Zhao Y, Zhang P, Li Z, Fu S. Associations between constipation, overeating, and depression: A survey of Chinese oldest-old and centenarians. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12432. [PMID: 36590547 PMCID: PMC9801100 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Depression is a common disease of elderly population, with a global prevalence of more than 20%. Few studies have involved the associations of constipation and overeating with depression, especially in the elderly population. We aimed to address these associations in Chinese oldest-old and centenarians. Methods A total of 1863 elderly individuals from 18 regions of Hainan, China, were investigated from July 2014 to December 2016. Health survey, physical examination, and blood analyses were performed through structured questionnaires and standard procedures. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to measure depression. Results The proportions of elderly individuals with depression, constipation, and overeating were 20.80% (349), 15.14% (254), and 26.52% (445), respectively. The prevalence of constipation and overeating was significantly higher in the elderly group with depression than in those without depression (P < 0.05, all). In the multiple linear regression analyses, higher prevalence of constipation and overeating had positive and significant associations with the GDS-15 (P < 0.05, all). In the multiple logistic regression analyses, constipation (odds ratio [OR]: 2.328; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.540-3.521) and overeating (OR: 2.735; 95% CI: 1.920-3.898) had positive and significant associations with depression (P < 0.05, in all). Conclusions and Implications This study provides epidemiological evidence that constipation and overeating have positive associations with depression in Chinese oldest-old and centenarians. The interventions for constipation and overeating should be improved to promote prevention and treatment for depression and achieve successful aging and healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Sun
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army 305 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, North Carolina, USA,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Pei Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Zhirui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Shihui Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China,Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China,Corresponding author.
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13
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Factors Associated with Functional Constipation among Students of a Chinese University: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214590. [PMID: 36364851 PMCID: PMC9655017 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional constipation (FC) is prevalent worldwide and is an increasingly prominent problem among university students. However, there is a paucity of research on FC in university students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of FC among Chinese university students by the Rome III criteria and investigate its associated factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted by online questionnaires among 929 university students at a Chinese university. Food consumption was assessed with the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ) and dietary patterns were analyzed using factor analysis. A binary logistic regression model was applied to clarify FC-associated factors. The prevalence of FC among university students was 5.1%. Interestingly, among university students, the prevalence of FC with “complex” dietary pattern was significantly higher than those with “vegetable, fruit, egg and milk-based” and “livestock and aquatic product-based” dietary pattern (9.9% vs. 3.1% vs. 2.8%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of FC was significantly higher among university students with moderate to severe sleep disorders than those with the other sleep status (χ2 = 18.100, p < 0.001). Furthermore, after adjusting the covariates, “complex” dietary pattern (OR = 4.023, p < 0.001), moderate to severe sleep disorders (OR = 3.003, p = 0.006), overeating (OR = 2.502, p = 0.032), long mealtime (>30 min) (OR = 6.001, p = 0.007), and poor defecation habits (OR = 3.069, p = 0.042) were positively associated with FC among university students. Based on the above-associated factors for FC, improving dietary patterns and sleep status and developing good bowel and dietary habits are essential to prevent and alleviate university students’ FC.
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14
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Shapouri S, Matani R, Salahshoor A, Qorbani M, Hosseini A, Norouzi M, Khavandegar A. Rectal measurements and their correlation with bowel habits: Evaluation by trans-abdominal ultrasound in children with functional constipation. J Paediatr Child Health 2022; 58:1792-1796. [PMID: 35778914 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Constipation is one of the most common complaints in childhood affecting the quality of life of both children and parents. This study intends to investigate rectal measurements on ultrasound and their relationship with bowel habits. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 100 children with functional constipation (FC) referred to a single hospital between 2018 and 2019 were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, a questionnaire including demographic and constipation characteristics was completed, and a physical examination including digital rectal examination (DRE) was performed. Complete abdominopelvic ultrasound was then performed. Target measurements included rectal transverse diameter (RTD), rectal anterior wall thickness (RAWT) and the presence of faecal impaction. RESULTS One hundred children with a mean age of 7.68 ± 3.30 years were present in the study. The mean duration of constipation was 15.86 ± 13.34 months. In 14% of children, painful defaecation was reported. 88% of children had some degree of faecal incontinence. According to the ultrasound findings, the mean RTD and RAWT were 3.39 ± 0.73 cm and 2.77 ± 0.68 mm, respectively, and faecal impaction was present in 70% of cases. There was a positive correlation between RTD and RAWT with age, duration of constipation and the presence of hard stools, and there was a negative correlation with frequency of defecation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION RTD and RAWT increased with increasing constipation duration and the presence of hard stools and decreased with increasing frequency of defaecation. DRE could be omitted from the initial clinical assessment if you had access to reliable ultrasound data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Shapouri
- Pediatrics Medicine Department, Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Rahman Matani
- Pediatrics Medicine Department, Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Salahshoor
- Radiology Department, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Hosseini
- Pediatric Gastroentrology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Norouzi
- Pediatrics Medicine Department, Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Armin Khavandegar
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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15
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Rajindrajith S, Devanarayana NM, Benninga MA. Childhood constipation: Current status, challenges, and future perspectives. World J Clin Pediatr 2022; 11:385-404. [PMID: 36185096 PMCID: PMC9516492 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v11.i5.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Constipation in children is a major health issue around the world, with a global prevalence of 9.5%. They present to clinicians with a myriad of clinical signs. The Rome IV symptom-based criteria are used to diagnose functional constipation. Functional constipation is also a huge financial burden for healthcare system and has a detrimental impact on health-related quality of life of children. There are various risk factors identified globally, including centrally connected factors such as child abuse, emotional and behavioral issues, and psychological stress. Constipation is also precipitated by a low-fiber diet, physical inactivity, and an altered intestinal microbiome. The main pathophysiological mechanism is stool withholding, while altered rectal function, anal sphincter, pelvic floor, and colonic dysfunction also play important roles. Clinical evaluation is critical in making a diagnosis, and most investigations are only required in refractory patients. In the treatment of childhood constipation, both nonpharmacological (education and de-mystification, dietary changes, toilet training, behavioral interventions, biofeedback, and pelvic floor physiotherapy), and pharmacological (osmotic and stimulant laxatives and novel drugs like prucalopride and lubiprostone) interventions are used. For children with refractory constipation, transanal irrigation, botulinum toxin, neuromodulation, and surgical treatments are reserved. While frequent use of probiotics is still in the experimental stage, healthy dietary habits, living a healthy lifestyle and limiting exposure to stressful events, are all beneficial preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaman Rajindrajith
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 00800, Sri Lanka
- University Paediatric Unit, Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo 00800, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Marc A Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1105AZ, The Netherlands
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16
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Dependence of Socio-Emotional Competence Expression on Gender and Grade for K5–K12 Students. EDUCATION SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/educsci12050341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Socio-emotional education is referred to as the missing part that links academic knowledge to successes in school, family, community, workplace, and life. Socio-emotional education, in conjunction with academic instruction, aims to lay the groundwork for a sound moral education. This manuscript is aimed at proving that socio-emotional education may improve children’s mental health. In total, 1322 students (of grades K5–K12) participated in this study back in October 2020. A statistically validated and partially modified questionnaire according to The Limbic Performance Indicators™ (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.92, p < 0.000) was used to assess general education school students’ social–emotional competencies. The study uses an abbreviated version of the questionnaire adapted by the Lithuanian Association of Social Emotional Education, which has been adapted with the consent of the selected age group. As a result, this study explores how to determine general education school students’ knowledge and skills in socio-emotional education while also identifying the best pedagogical approaches to addressing socio-emotional education. According to research findings, students that participated in the study displayed more personal values, respect for others, internal balance, collaboration, emotional perception of others, or basic emotional needs. Personal values, respect for others, emotional perception of others, internal balance, support, and basic emotional needs were estimated to be greater in the target group of girls than in the target group of boys.
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17
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Liyanarachchi H, Rajindrajith S, Kuruppu C, Chathurangana P, Ranawaka R, Devanarayana NM, Benninga MA. Association between childhood constipation and exposure to stressful life events: a systematic review. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14231. [PMID: 34415089 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several cross-sectional studies have reported an association between childhood constipation and exposure to stressful events. We planned to systematically review the literature on constipation and its associated stressful events. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched (until February 2021) using standard search terms related to "constipation" and "stress" from 0 to 18 years that describe the association between psychological stressors and constipation. Studies were screened using pre-designed eligibility criteria. Studies that fulfilled the criteria were reviewed in a full-text format. The quality assessment of selected articles was conducted using standard methods. KEY RESULTS Of 2296 titles and abstracts screened, 38 were included in the full-text review. Out of that, 15 articles were included in this systematic review. There were 2954 children with constipation, and the age range was from 6 months to 16 years. Exposure to home-related stressors (divorce or separation of parents, severe illness in family, and parental job loss) school-related stressors (including being bullied at school, change in school, separation from the best friend at school, and failure in an examination), exposure to child maltreatments and exposure to war/civil unrest were associated with childhood constipation. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Exposure to day-to-day home- and school-related stressors, to child maltreatment, and to civil unrest is associated with constipation in children and adolescents. These factors need to be explored during clinical evaluation of children with constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasitha Liyanarachchi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.,Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Shaman Rajindrajith
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.,Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Prasad Chathurangana
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.,Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Randula Ranawaka
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.,Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Niranga M Devanarayana
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Marc A Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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HAO S, ZHANG Y, MA W, LI M, TAN S, LI J, LI J, LIU L. Clinical study on the improvement in functional constipation for Panax notoginseng stem and leaf tea combine with panaxnotoginseng fruit and vegetable enzyme and probiotic powder. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.19022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mei LI
- Capital Medical University, China
| | - Sisi TAN
- Capital Medical University, China
| | - Jing LI
- Capital Medical University, China
| | | | - Lan LIU
- Beijing Dietitian Association, China
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19
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Shen ZY, Zhang J, Bai YZ, Zhang SC. Diagnosis and management of fecal incontinence in children and adolescents. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1034240. [PMID: 36330370 PMCID: PMC9623001 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1034240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal incontinence (FI) is a commonly occurring disease of high concern. It is characterized by voluntary and involuntary defecation in children and adolescents. It is not only a physical disease but also a psychological and behavioral disorder. FI poses a serious burden on individuals and their families and therefore has become a social problem. Unfortunately, the management of FI among children is still a challenge because the etiology varies widely. Constipation has been found to be the most common cause, while sphincter dysfunction and neurogenic abnormalities may also play a role. Currently, no consensus guidelines exist, and the criteria for selecting optional methods remain unclear. It is therefore necessary to improve the efficacy of diagnosis and management strategies of FI in children. This review focused on the classification and etiology, discussed the diagnosis and management methods of FI in children and adolescents, and aimed to guide future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Ying Shen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Center, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Zuo Bai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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Rajindrajith S, Devanarayana NM, Thapar N, Benninga MA. Functional Fecal Incontinence in Children: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Management. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2021; 72:794-801. [PMID: 33534361 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Functional fecal incontinence (FI) is a worldwide problem in children and comprises constipation-associated FI and nonretentive FI. Irrespective of pathophysiology, both disorders impact negatively on the psychological well-being and quality of life of affected children. A thorough clinical history and physical examination using the Rome IV criteria are usually sufficient to diagnose these conditions in most children. Evolving investigations such as high-resolution anorectal and colonic manometry have shed new light on the pathophysiology of functional FI. Although conventional interventions such as toilet training and laxatives successfully treat most children with constipation-associated FI, children with nonretentive FI need more psychologically based therapeutic options. Intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin, transanal irrigation and, in select cases, surgical interventions have been used in more resistant children with constipation-associated FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaman Rajindrajith
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 8
| | | | - Nikhil Thapar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marc Alexander Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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