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Franchini M, Casadevall A, Cruciani M, Joyner MJ, Pirofski LA, Senefeld JW, Shoham S, Sullivan DJ, Focosi D. Convalescent plasma: An unexpected new therapeutic option for critically ill COVID-19 patients coming from the past. J Clin Anesth 2024; 94:111411. [PMID: 38335905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy.
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mario Cruciani
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy
| | - Michael J Joyner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Liise-Anne Pirofski
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jonathon W Senefeld
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Healthy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shmuel Shoham
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David J Sullivan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Italy
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Senefeld JW, Gorman EK, Johnson PW, Moir ME, Klassen SA, Carter RE, Paneth NS, Sullivan DJ, Morkeberg OH, Wright RS, Fairweather D, Bruno KA, Shoham S, Bloch EM, Focosi D, Henderson JP, Juskewitch JE, Pirofski LA, Grossman BJ, Tobian AA, Franchini M, Ganesh R, Hurt RT, Kay NE, Parikh SA, Baker SE, Buchholtz ZA, Buras MR, Clayburn AJ, Dennis JJ, Diaz Soto JC, Herasevich V, Klompas AM, Kunze KL, Larson KF, Mills JR, Regimbal RJ, Ripoll JG, Sexton MA, Shepherd JR, Stubbs JR, Theel ES, van Buskirk CM, van Helmond N, Vogt MN, Whelan ER, Wiggins CC, Winters JL, Casadevall A, Joyner MJ. Rates Among Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Treated With Convalescent Plasma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2023; 7:499-513. [PMID: 37859995 PMCID: PMC10582279 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the association of COVID-19 convalescent plasma transfusion with mortality and the differences between subgroups in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Patients and Methods On October 26, 2022, a systematic search was performed for clinical studies of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in the literature from January 1, 2020, to October 26, 2022. Randomized clinical trials and matched cohort studies investigating COVID-19 convalescent plasma transfusion compared with standard of care treatment or placebo among hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included. The electronic search yielded 3841 unique records, of which 744 were considered for full-text screening. The selection process was performed independently by a panel of 5 reviewers. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data were extracted by 5 independent reviewers in duplicate and pooled using an inverse-variance random effects model. The prespecified end point was all-cause mortality during hospitalization. Results Thirty-nine randomized clinical trials enrolling 21,529 participants and 70 matched cohort studies enrolling 50,160 participants were included in the systematic review. Separate meta-analyses reported that transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma was associated with a decrease in mortality compared with the control cohort for both randomized clinical trials (odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-1.00) and matched cohort studies (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88). The meta-analysis of subgroups revealed 2 important findings. First, treatment with convalescent plasma containing high antibody levels was associated with a decrease in mortality compared with convalescent plasma containing low antibody levels (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.99). Second, earlier treatment with COVID-19 convalescent plasma was associated with a decrease in mortality compared with the later treatment cohort (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.82). Conclusion During COVID-19 convalescent plasma use was associated with a 13% reduced risk of mortality, implying a mortality benefit for hospitalized patients with COVID-19, particularly those treated with convalescent plasma containing high antibody levels treated earlier in the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon W. Senefeld
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Ellen K. Gorman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Patrick W. Johnson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - M. Erin Moir
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
| | - Stephen A. Klassen
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rickey E. Carter
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Nigel S. Paneth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing
| | - David J. Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, ML
| | - Olaf H. Morkeberg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - R. Scott Wright
- Human Research Protection Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Katelyn A. Bruno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Shmuel Shoham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Evan M. Bloch
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, ML
| | - Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Italy
| | - Jeffrey P. Henderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Liise-Anne Pirofski
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Brenda J. Grossman
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO
| | - Aaron A.R. Tobian
- Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, ML
| | - Massimo Franchini
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantua, Italy
| | - Ravindra Ganesh
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ryan T. Hurt
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Neil E. Kay
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Sarah E. Baker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Zachary A. Buchholtz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Matthew R. Buras
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Andrew J. Clayburn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Joshua J. Dennis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Juan C. Diaz Soto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Vitaly Herasevich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Allan M. Klompas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Katie L. Kunze
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | | | - John R. Mills
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Riley J. Regimbal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Juan G. Ripoll
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Matthew A. Sexton
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - John R.A. Shepherd
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - James R. Stubbs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Elitza S. Theel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Noud van Helmond
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Matthew N.P. Vogt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Emily R. Whelan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Chad C. Wiggins
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeffrey L. Winters
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, ML
| | - Michael J. Joyner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Reduced Mortality among COVID-19 ICU Patients after Treatment with HemoClear Convalescent Plasma in Suriname. mBio 2023; 14:e0337922. [PMID: 36815780 PMCID: PMC10127603 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03379-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Convalescent plasma is a promising therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but its efficacy in intensive care unit (ICU) patients in low- and middle-income country settings such as Suriname is unknown. Bedside plasma separation using the HemoClear device made convalescent plasma therapy accessible as a treatment option in Suriname. Two hundred patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring intensive care were recruited. Fifty eight patients (29%) received COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) treatment in addition to standard of care (SOC). The CCP treatment and SOC groups were matched by age, sex, and disease severity scores. Mortality in the CCP treatment group was significantly lower than that in the SOC group (21% versus 39%; Fisher's exact test P = 0.0133). Multivariate analysis using ICU days showed that CCP treatment reduced mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.66; P = 0.001), while complication of acute renal failure (creatinine levels, >110 mol/L; HR, 4.45; 95% CI, 2.54 to 7.80; P < 0.0001) was independently associated with death. Decrease in chest X-ray score in the CCP treatment group (median -3 points, interquartile range [IQR] -4 to -1) was significantly greater than that in the SOC group (median -1 point, IQR -3 to 1, Mann-Whitney test P = 0.0004). Improvement in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was also significantly greater in the CCP treatment group (median 83, IQR 8 to 140) than in the SOC group (median 35, IQR -3 to 92, Mann-Whitney P = 0.0234). Further research is needed for HemoClear-produced CCP as a therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection together with adequately powered, randomized controlled trials. IMPORTANCE This study compares mortality and other endpoints between intensive care unit COVID-19 patients treated with convalescent plasma plus standard of care (CCP), and a control group of patients hospitalized in the same medical ICU facility treated with standard of care alone (SOC) in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) setting using bedside donor whole blood separation by gravity (HemoClear) to produce the CCP. It demonstrates a significant 65% survival improvement in HemoClear-produced CCP recipients (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.66; P = 0.001). Although this is an exploratory study, it clearly shows the benefit of using the HemoClear-produced CCP in ICU patients in the Suriname LMIC setting. Additional studies could further substantiate our findings and their applicability for both LMICs and high-income countries and the use of CCP as a prepared readiness method to combat new viral pandemics.
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Rethinking the role of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in the critically ill. Transfus Apher Sci 2023; 62:103521. [PMID: 35941021 PMCID: PMC9351135 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2022.103521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cognasse F, Hamzeh-Cognasse H, Rosa M, Corseaux D, Bonneaudeau B, Pierre C, Huet J, Arthaud CA, Eyraud MA, Prier A, Duchez AC, Ebermeyer T, Heestermans M, Audoux-Caire E, Philippot Q, Le Voyer T, Hequet O, Fillet AM, Chavarin P, Legrand D, Richard P, Pirenne F, Gallian P, Casanova JL, Susen S, Morel P, Lacombe K, Bastard P, Tiberghien P. Inflammatory markers and auto-Abs to type I IFNs in COVID-19 convalescent plasma cohort study. EBioMedicine 2022; 87:104414. [PMID: 36535107 PMCID: PMC9758484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) contains neutralising anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that may be useful as COVID-19 passive immunotherapy in patients at risk of developing severe disease. Such plasma from convalescent patients may also have additional immune-modulatory properties when transfused to COVID-19 patients. METHODS CCP (n = 766) was compared to non-convalescent control plasma (n = 166) for soluble inflammatory markers, ex-vivo inflammatory bioactivity on endothelial cells, neutralising auto-Abs to type I IFNs and reported adverse events in the recipients. FINDINGS CCP exhibited a statistically significant increase in IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels (0.531 ± 0.04 vs 0.271 ± 0.04; (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07371-0.4446; p = 0.0061) and 0.900 ± 0.07 vs 0.283 ± 0.07 pg/mL; (95% [CI], 0.3097-0.9202; p = 0.0000829) and lower IL-10 (0.731 ± 0.07 vs 1.22 ± 0.19 pg/mL; (95% [CI], -0.8180 to -0.1633; p = 0.0034) levels than control plasma. Neutralising auto-Abs against type I IFNs were detected in 14/766 (1.8%) CCPs and were not associated with reported adverse events when transfused. Inflammatory markers and bioactivity in CCP with or without auto-Abs, or in CCP whether or not linked to adverse events in transfused patients, did not differ to a statistically significant extent. INTERPRETATION Overall, CCP exhibited moderately increased inflammatory markers compared to the control plasma with no discernible differences in ex-vivo bioactivity. Auto-Abs to type I IFNs detected in a small fraction of CCP were not associated with reported adverse events or differences in inflammatory markers. Additional studies, including careful clinical evaluation of patients treated with CCP, are required in order to further define the clinical relevance of these findings. FUNDING French National Blood Service-EFS, the Association "Les Amis de Rémi" Savigneux, France, the "Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Medical Research Foundation)-REACTing 2020".
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Cognasse
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France,Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France,Corresponding author. Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, INSERM U1059, Campus Santé Innovation - 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Hind Hamzeh-Cognasse
- Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Mickael Rosa
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, U1011- EGID, F-59000 Lille, France,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Scientific Research Centre), Surgical Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, U1019 - Unité Mixte de Recherche 9017 (Mixed Research Unit 9017) – Lille Centre for Infection and Immunity, France
| | - Delphine Corseaux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, U1011- EGID, F-59000 Lille, France,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Scientific Research Centre), Surgical Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, U1019 - Unité Mixte de Recherche 9017 (Mixed Research Unit 9017) – Lille Centre for Infection and Immunity, France
| | | | - Chloe Pierre
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine, St Denis, France
| | - Julie Huet
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine, St Denis, France
| | - Charles Antoine Arthaud
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France,Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Marie Ange Eyraud
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France,Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Amélie Prier
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France,Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Anne Claire Duchez
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France,Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Theo Ebermeyer
- Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Marco Heestermans
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France,Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Estelle Audoux-Caire
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France,Univ Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163 (National Institute for Health and Medical Research), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163 (National Institute for Health and Medical Research), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hequet
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France
| | | | - Patricia Chavarin
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Dominique Legrand
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France
| | | | - France Pirenne
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (Mondor Biomedical Research Institute) (IMRB), Creteil, France & Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gallian
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine, St Denis, France,UMR “Unité des Virus Emergents” (Emerging Virus Unit), Aix-Marseille University - IRD 190 - INSERM 1207 - IRBA - EFS - IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163 (National Institute for Health and Medical Research), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophie Susen
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, U1011- EGID, F-59000 Lille, France,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Scientific Research Centre), Surgical Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, U1019 - Unité Mixte de Recherche 9017 (Mixed Research Unit 9017) – Lille Centre for Infection and Immunity, France
| | - Pascal Morel
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine, St Denis, France
| | - Karine Lacombe
- Sorbonne University, Inserm IPLESP, Infectious Diseases Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, APHP (University Hospital Trust), Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine, St Denis, France,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163 (National Institute for Health and Medical Research), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pierre Tiberghien
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine, St Denis, France,UMR RIGHT U1098, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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Focosi D, Franchini M, Pirofski LA, Burnouf T, Paneth N, Joyner MJ, Casadevall A. COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma and Clinical Trials: Understanding Conflicting Outcomes. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0020021. [PMID: 35262370 PMCID: PMC9491201 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00200-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Convalescent plasma (CP) recurs as a frontline treatment in epidemics because it is available as soon as there are survivors. The COVID-19 pandemic represented the first large-scale opportunity to shed light on the mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy of CP using modern evidence-based medicine approaches. Studies ranging from observational case series to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported highly variable efficacy results for COVID-19 CP (CCP), resulting in uncertainty. We analyzed variables associated with efficacy, such as clinical settings, disease severity, CCP SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) antibody levels and function, dose, timing of administration (variously defined as time from onset of symptoms, molecular diagnosis, diagnosis of pneumonia, or hospitalization, or by serostatus), outcomes (defined as hospitalization, requirement for ventilation, clinical improvement, or mortality), CCP provenance and time for collection, and criteria for efficacy. The conflicting trial results, along with both recent WHO guidelines discouraging CCP usage and the recent expansion of the FDA emergency use authorization (EUA) to include outpatient use of CCP, create confusion for both clinicians and patients about the appropriate use of CCP. A review of 30 available RCTs demonstrated that signals of efficacy (including reductions in mortality) were more likely if the CCP neutralizing titer was >160 and the time to randomization was less than 9 days. The emergence of the Omicron variant also reminds us of the benefits of polyclonal antibody therapies, especially as a bridge to the development and availability of more specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Franchini
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantua, Italy
| | - Liise-anne Pirofski
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nigel Paneth
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics and Pediatrics & Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael J. Joyner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Daniell H, Nair SK, Shi Y, Wang P, Montone KT, Shaw PA, Choi GH, Ghani D, Weaver J, Rader DJ, Margulies KB, Collman RG, Laudanski K, Bar KJ. Decrease in Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme activity but not concentration in plasma/lungs in COVID-19 patients offers clues for diagnosis/treatment. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 26:266-278. [PMID: 35818571 PMCID: PMC9258412 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although several therapeutics are used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, there is still no definitive metabolic marker to evaluate disease severity and recovery or a quantitative test to end quarantine. Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects human cells via the angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and COVID-19 is associated with renin-angiotensin system dysregulation, we evaluated soluble ACE2 (sACE2) activity in the plasma/saliva of 80 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 27 non-COVID-19 volunteers, and levels of ACE2/Ang (1-7) in plasma or membrane (mACE2) in lung autopsy samples. sACE2 activity was markedly reduced (p < 0.0001) in COVID-19 plasma (n = 59) compared with controls (n = 27). Nadir sACE2 activity in early hospitalization was restored during disease recovery, irrespective of patient age, demographic variations, or comorbidity; in convalescent plasma-administered patients (n = 45), restoration was statistically higher than matched controls (n = 22, p = 0.0021). ACE2 activity was also substantially reduced in the saliva of COVID-19 patients compared with controls (p = 0.0065). There is a strong inverse correlation between sACE2 concentration and sACE2 activity and Ang (1-7) levels in participant plasmas. However, there were no difference in membrane ACE2 levels in lungs of autopsy tissues of COVID-19 (n = 800) versus other conditions (n = 300). These clinical observations suggest sACE2 activity as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Daniell
- W. D. Miller Professor & Director of Translational Research, Vice Chair, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, 547 Levy Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6030, USA
| | - Smruti K. Nair
- W. D. Miller Professor & Director of Translational Research, Vice Chair, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, 547 Levy Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6030, USA
| | - Yao Shi
- W. D. Miller Professor & Director of Translational Research, Vice Chair, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, 547 Levy Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6030, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen T. Montone
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pamela A. Shaw
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Group, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Grace H. Choi
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Danyal Ghani
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - JoEllen Weaver
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel J. Rader
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ronald G. Collman
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Krzysztof Laudanski
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katharine J. Bar
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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8
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Chavda VP, Chen Y, Dave J, Chen ZS, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM, Uversky VN, Bezbaruah R, Patel S, Apostolopoulos V. COVID-19 and vaccination: myths vs science. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1603-1620. [PMID: 35980281 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2114900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been developed since the inception of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, at unprecedented speed. However, these rapidly developed vaccines raised many questions related to the efficacy and safety of vaccines in different communities across the globe. Various hypotheses regarding COVID-19 and its vaccines were generated, and many of them have also been answered with scientific evidence. Still, there are many myths/misinformation related to COVID-19 and its vaccines, which create hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccination, and must be addressed critically to achieve success in the battle against the pandemic. AREA COVERED The development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines against COVID-19, their safety and efficacy, and myths/misinformation relating to COVID-19 and vaccines are presented. EXPERT OPINION In this pandemic we have seen a global collaborative effort of researchers, governments, and industry, supported by billions of dollars in funding, have allowed the development of vaccines far more quickly than in the past. Vaccines go through rigorous testing, analysis, and evaluations in clinical settings prior to their approval, even if they are approved for emergency use. Despite the myths, vaccination represents an important strategy to get back to normality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad
| | - Yangmin Chen
- Peter J. Tobin College of Business, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jayant Dave
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA.,South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA.,South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institure, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rajashri Bezbaruah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh -786004, Assam, India
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Immunology and Translational Research Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3030, Australia.,Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC, 3021, Australia
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9
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Esteban I, Panighetti MT, Polack FP. Post-trial follow-up after a randomized clinical trial of COVID-19 convalescent plasma. Gates Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13725.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CP) proved to be a safe acute intervention, however, the long-term clinical effects of COVID-19 CP are to date unknown. CP might have a prospective negative effect by down-regulating the inflammatory response suppressing antibody formation and promoting autoantibodies against interferons. Our objective was to establish the long-term safety profile of COVID-19 CP and determine if its administration increases the risk for further respiratory infections in older adults. Methods: All participants included in the intention to treat analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of COVID-19 CP in older adults were invited to participate in this post-trial follow-up study. Patients were strictly followed for at least 6 months after randomization. The primary endpoint was the number of patients with clinically confirmed acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Secondary endpoints included all-cause mortality, time to first respiratory infection, SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, adverse events, and persistence of COVID-19 symptoms after initial infection. Results: 142 patients were included in the study (total retention rate=92.8%). The mean age was 77.2 years (SD=8.6) and the median duration of follow-up was 10.4 months (IQR=1.63), with no differences among groups. 20 patients had a clinically confirmed ARI during the study. No differences were observed between groups in the proportion of ARIs (CP=11/72 and Placebo=9/70, p-value=0.678) and in the probability of ARI-free survival between groups (log-rank test p-value=0.63). No differences emerged when comparing groups regarding secondary endpoints. Conclusions: COVID-19 convalescent plasma remains a safe intervention without increasing the risk of acute respiratory infection or other clinical consequences in the long term.
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10
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Farhangnia P, Dehrouyeh S, Safdarian AR, Farahani SV, Gorgani M, Rezaei N, Akbarpour M, Delbandi AA. Recent advances in passive immunotherapies for COVID-19: The Evidence-Based approaches and clinical trials. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108786. [PMID: 35483235 PMCID: PMC9021130 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged, causing a global pandemic called COVID-19. Currently, there is no definitive treatment for this emerging disease. Global efforts resulted in developing multiple platforms of COVID-19 vaccines, but their efficacy in humans should be wholly investigated in the long-term clinical and epidemiological follow-ups. Despite the international efforts, COVID-19 vaccination accompanies challenges, including financial and political obstacles, serious adverse effects (AEs), the impossibility of using vaccines in certain groups of people in the community, and viral evasion due to emerging novel variants of SARS-CoV-2 in many countries. For these reasons, passive immunotherapy has been considered a complementary remedy and a promising way to manage COVID-19. These approaches arebased on reduced inflammation due to inhibiting cytokine storm phenomena, immunomodulation,preventing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), viral neutralization, anddecreased viral load. This article highlights passive immunotherapy and immunomodulation approaches in managing and treating COVID-19 patients and discusses relevant clinical trials (CTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooya Farhangnia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Chicago, United States
| | - Shiva Dehrouyeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Chicago, United States
| | - Amir Reza Safdarian
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Chicago, United States; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Soheila Vasheghani Farahani
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Chicago, United States; Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Gorgani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Chicago, United States
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahzad Akbarpour
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Chicago, United States; Advanced Cellular Therapeutics Facility (ACTF), Hematopoietic Cellular Therapy Program, Section of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, United States.
| | - Ali-Akbar Delbandi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Belov A, Huang Y, Villa CH, Whitaker BI, Forshee R, Anderson SA, Eder A, Verdun N, Joyner MJ, Wright SR, Carter RE, Hung DT, Homer M, Hoffman C, Lauer M, Marks P. Early administration of COVID-19 convalescent plasma with high titer antibody content by live viral neutralization assay is associated with modest clinical efficacy. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:770-779. [PMID: 35303377 PMCID: PMC9082011 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) as a treatment for hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 remains somewhat controversial; however, many studies have not evaluated CCP documented to have high neutralizing antibody titer by a highly accurate assay. To evaluate the correlation of the administration of CCP with titer determined by a live viral neutralization assay with 7‐ and 28‐day death rates during hospitalization, a total of 23 118 patients receiving a single unit of CCP were stratified into two groups: those receiving high titer CCP (>250 50% inhibitory dilution, ID50; n = 13 636) or low titer CCP (≤250 ID50; n = 9482). Multivariable Cox regression was performed to assess risk factors. Non‐intubated patients who were transfused with high titer CCP showed 1.1% and 1.7% absolute reductions in overall 7‐ and 28‐day death rates, respectively, compared to those non‐intubated patients receiving low titer CCP. No benefit of CCP was observed in intubated patients. The relative benefit of high titer CCP was confirmed in multivariable Cox regression. Administration of CCP with high titer antibody content determined by live viral neutralization assay to non‐intubated patients is associated with modest clinical efficacy. Although shown to be only of modest clinical benefit, CCP may play a role in the future should viral variants develop that are not neutralized by other available therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Belov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Yin Huang
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Carlos H. Villa
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Barbee I. Whitaker
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Richard Forshee
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Steven A. Anderson
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Anne Eder
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Nicole Verdun
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Michael J. Joyner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Scott R. Wright
- Department of Cardiology and the Human Research Protection Program Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Rickey E. Carter
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Florida USA
| | - Deborah T. Hung
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program Broad Institute Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Mary Homer
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) District of Columbia Washington USA
| | - Corey Hoffman
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) District of Columbia Washington USA
| | - Michael Lauer
- Office of the Director National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Peter Marks
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US FDA Silver Spring Maryland USA
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12
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High-dose vitamin D versus placebo to prevent complications in COVID-19 patients: Multicentre randomized controlled clinical trial. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267918. [PMID: 35622854 PMCID: PMC9140264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of oral vitamin D3 supplementation for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 remains to be determined. The study was aimed to evaluate whether vitamin D3 supplementation could prevent respiratory worsening among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods and findings We designed a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, sequential, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The study was conducted in 17 second and third level hospitals, located in four provinces of Argentina, from 14 August 2020 to 22 June 2021. We enrolled 218 adult patients, hospitalized in general wards with SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infection, mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and risk factors for disease progression. Participants were randomized to a single oral dose of 500 000 IU of vitamin D3 or matching placebo. Randomization ratio was 1:1, with permuted blocks and stratified for study site, diabetes and age (≤60 vs >60 years). The primary outcome was the change in the respiratory Sepsis related Organ Failure Assessment score between baseline and the highest value recorded up to day 7. Secondary outcomes included the length of hospital stay; intensive care unit admission; and in-hospital mortality. Overall, 115 participants were assigned to vitamin D3 and 105 to placebo (mean [SD] age, 59.1 [10.7] years; 103 [47.2%] women). There were no significant differences in the primary outcome between groups (median [IQR] 0.0 [0.0–1.0] vs 0.0 [0.0–1.0], for vitamin D3 and placebo, respectively; p = 0.925). Median [IQR] length of hospital stay was not significantly different between vitamin D3 group (6.0 [4.0–9.0] days) and placebo group (6.0 [4.0–10.0] days; p = 0.632). There were no significant differences for intensive care unit admissions (7.8% vs 10.7%; RR 0.73; 95% CI 0.32 to 1.70; p = 0.622), or in-hospital mortality (4.3% vs 1.9%; RR 2.24; 95% CI 0.44 to 11.29; p = 0.451). There were no significant differences in serious adverse events (vitamin D3 = 14.8%, placebo = 11.7%). Conclusions Among hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and risk factors, a single high oral dose of vitamin D3 as compared with placebo, did not prevent the respiratory worsening. Trial registration ClincicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04411446.
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González SE, Regairaz L, Salazar MR, Ferrando NS, González Martínez VV, Carrera Ramos PM, Pesci SA, Vidal JM, Kreplak N, Estenssoro E. Timing of convalescent plasma administration and 28-day mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1258-1264. [PMID: 35135872 PMCID: PMC8845095 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This is a multicenter cohort study including consecutive, hospitalized patients ≥18 years, with moderate to severe COVID-19, carried out to evaluate the relationship between the timing of convalescent plasma administration and 28-day mortality. Data were prospectively collected between May 14, 2020 and October 31, 2020. Patients were grouped according to the timing of administration of convalescent plasma as <3 days, between 3 and 7 days, and >7 days. The main outcome variable was 28-day mortality. Independent predictors of mortality were identified by logistic regression. Of 4719 patients receiving convalescent plasma, 3036 (64.3%) were in the general ward, 1171 (24.8%) in the intensive care unit (ICU), and 512 (10.8%) in the ICU on mechanical ventilation. Convalescent plasma was administered to 3113 (66%) patients within the first 3 days of hospital admission, to 1380 (29.2%) between 3 and 7 days, and to 226 after 7 days; 28-day mortality was, respectively, 18.1%, 30.4% and 38.9% (p<0.001). In the regression model, convalescent plasma administration within the first 3 days of admission was associated with reduced 28-day mortality, compared with the administration after 7 days (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.53). Early convalescent plasma administration was associated to a significant decreased mortality in patients in the general ward (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.69) and in the ICU (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64), but not in those requiring mechanical ventilation (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.27 to 1.01). In conclusion, this study suggests that early administration of convalescent plasma to patients with COVID-19 pneumonia is critical to obtain therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad E González
- Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Regairaz
- Inmunología, Hospital Interzonal Especializado en Pediatría 'Sor María Ludovica', La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin R Salazar
- Clínica Médica, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos General San Martin, La Plata, Argentina
- Medicina Interna, Universidad Nacional de la Plata Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noelia S Ferrando
- Estadística, Instituto de Hemoterapia, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Patricia M Carrera Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Pediátricas 'Prof. Fernando E. Vitieri', La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago A Pesci
- Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan M Vidal
- Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Kreplak
- Ministro de Salud Pública, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisa Estenssoro
- Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos General San Martin, La Plata, Argentina
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14
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Agrawal A, Jha T, Gogoi P, Diwaker P, Goel A, Khan AM, Saxena AK. Effect of Convalescent Plasma therapy on Mortality in Moderate-to-Severely Ill COVID-19 Patients. Transfus Apher Sci 2022; 61:103455. [PMID: 35618641 PMCID: PMC9090870 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2022.103455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The role of plasma therapy in the management of the COVID-19, pandemic has been speculated. However, in view of the varied response regarding its effectiveness from various multicenter studies, there is a need to conduct more single center population-specific studies. We, thus, aimed to assess the role of convalescent plasma therapy in COVID-19 patient management in a single -center. Methods This retrospective study was conducted using records of all COVID-19 patients who received plasma therapy over a period of 6 months in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in Delhi. Information pertaining to transfusion, disease severity, associated comorbidities, the treatment given and patient outcome were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSSv23. Results Of the141 patients who received plasma therapy, 62% were discharged after treatment. Mortality was found to be significantly higher in patients > 60 years of age (p < 0.001), those with severe COVID-19 infection (p < 0.05) and pre-existing renal disease (p < 0.05). The admission-transfusion interval was significantly correlated to mortality and was a sensitive parameter for predicting outcome at cut off value of < 5 days (p < 0.001). There was no significant association of mortality with patient blood group, plasma antibody levels or donor hemoglobin levels. Conclusions We report improvement and recovery in a large number of patients who received convalescent plasma within the first 5 days of hospitalization with moderate to severe disease. Further research to compare dosage and administration protocols to delineate role of CCP in survival of COVID-19 patients is needed before it is prematurely shelved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Tanvi Jha
- Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Gogoi
- Department of Pathology, Incharge, Blood Bank and Regional Transfusion Centre, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
| | - Preeti Diwaker
- Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Goel
- Department of Medicine, Dr BR Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjab, India
| | - Amir Maroof Khan
- Department of Community Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Saxena
- Department of Anesthesiology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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15
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Ortigoza MB, Yoon H, Goldfeld KS, Troxel AB, Daily JP, Wu Y, Li Y, Wu D, Cobb GF, Baptiste G, O'Keeffe M, Corpuz MO, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Amin A, Zacharioudakis IM, Jayaweera DT, Wu Y, Philley JV, Devine MS, Desruisseaux MS, Santin AD, Anjan S, Mathew R, Patel B, Nigo M, Upadhyay R, Kupferman T, Dentino AN, Nanchal R, Merlo CA, Hager DN, Chandran K, Lai JR, Rivera J, Bikash CR, Lasso G, Hilbert TP, Paroder M, Asencio AA, Liu M, Petkova E, Bragat A, Shaker R, McPherson DD, Sacco RL, Keller MJ, Grudzen CR, Hochman JS, Pirofski LA, Parameswaran L, Corcoran AT, Rohatgi A, Wronska MW, Wu X, Srinivasan R, Deng FM, Filardo TD, Pendse J, Blaser SB, Whyte O, Gallagher JM, Thomas OE, Ramos D, Sturm-Reganato CL, Fong CC, Daus IM, Payoen AG, Chiofolo JT, Friedman MT, Wu DW, Jacobson JL, Schneider JG, Sarwar UN, Wang HE, Huebinger RM, Dronavalli G, Bai Y, Grimes CZ, Eldin KW, Umana VE, Martin JG, Heath TR, Bello FO, Ransford DL, Laurent-Rolle M, Shenoi SV, Akide-Ndunge OB, Thapa B, Peterson JL, Knauf K, Patel SU, Cheney LL, Tormey CA, Hendrickson JE. Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma in Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med 2022; 182:115-126. [PMID: 34901997 PMCID: PMC8669605 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.6850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE There is clinical equipoise for COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) use in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To determine the safety and efficacy of CCP compared with placebo in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 receiving noninvasive supplemental oxygen. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS CONTAIN COVID-19, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of CCP in hospitalized adults with COVID-19, was conducted at 21 US hospitals from April 17, 2020, to March 15, 2021. The trial enrolled 941 participants who were hospitalized for 3 or less days or presented 7 or less days after symptom onset and required noninvasive oxygen supplementation. INTERVENTIONS A unit of approximately 250 mL of CCP or equivalent volume of placebo (normal saline). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was participant scores on the 11-point World Health Organization (WHO) Ordinal Scale for Clinical Improvement on day 14 after randomization; the secondary outcome was WHO scores determined on day 28. Subgroups were analyzed with respect to age, baseline WHO score, concomitant medications, symptom duration, CCP SARS-CoV-2 titer, baseline SARS-CoV-2 serostatus, and enrollment quarter. Outcomes were analyzed using a bayesian proportional cumulative odds model. Efficacy of CCP was defined as a cumulative adjusted odds ratio (cOR) less than 1 and a clinically meaningful effect as cOR less than 0.8. RESULTS Of 941 participants randomized (473 to placebo and 468 to CCP), 556 were men (59.1%); median age was 63 years (IQR, 52-73); 373 (39.6%) were Hispanic and 132 (14.0%) were non-Hispanic Black. The cOR for the primary outcome adjusted for site, baseline risk, WHO score, age, sex, and symptom duration was 0.94 (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.75-1.18) with posterior probability (P[cOR<1] = 72%); the cOR for the secondary adjusted outcome was 0.92 (95% CrI, 0.74-1.16; P[cOR<1] = 76%). Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested heterogeneity of treatment effect: at day 28, cORs were 0.72 (95% CrI, 0.46-1.13; P[cOR<1] = 93%) for participants enrolled in April-June 2020 and 0.65 (95% CrI, 0.41 to 1.02; P[cOR<1] = 97%) for those not receiving remdesivir and not receiving corticosteroids at randomization. Median CCP SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing titer used in April to June 2020 was 1:175 (IQR, 76-379). Any adverse events (excluding transfusion reactions) were reported for 39 (8.2%) placebo recipients and 44 (9.4%) CCP recipients (P = .57). Transfusion reactions occurred in 2 (0.4) placebo recipients and 8 (1.7) CCP recipients (P = .06). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, CCP did not meet the prespecified primary and secondary outcomes for CCP efficacy. However, high-titer CCP may have benefited participants early in the pandemic when remdesivir and corticosteroids were not in use. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04364737.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila B Ortigoza
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Hyunah Yoon
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Keith S Goldfeld
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Andrea B Troxel
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Johanna P Daily
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yinxiang Wu
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Danni Wu
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Gia F Cobb
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Gillian Baptiste
- Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Mary O'Keeffe
- Department of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Marilou O Corpuz
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Amee Amin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Ioannis M Zacharioudakis
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Dushyantha T Jayaweera
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida
| | - Yanyun Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Julie V Philley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, UTHealth East Texas, Tyler
| | - Megan S Devine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, UTHealth East Texas, Tyler
| | - Mahalia S Desruisseaux
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shweta Anjan
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Reeba Mathew
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Bela Patel
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Masayuki Nigo
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Rabi Upadhyay
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Tania Kupferman
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Andrew N Dentino
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg
| | - Rahul Nanchal
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Christian A Merlo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David N Hager
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jonathan R Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Johanna Rivera
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Chowdhury R Bikash
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Gorka Lasso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Timothy P Hilbert
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Monika Paroder
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Andrea A Asencio
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Mengling Liu
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Environmental Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eva Petkova
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York.,Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York
| | - Alexander Bragat
- Clinical Research Information Technology and Informatics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Reza Shaker
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute of Southern Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee
| | - David D McPherson
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Ralph L Sacco
- Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida
| | - Marla J Keller
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Harold and Muriel Block Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, New York
| | - Corita R Grudzen
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.,NYC Health and Hospitals Corporation Clinical and Translational Science Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Judith S Hochman
- NYC Health and Hospitals Corporation Clinical and Translational Science Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Liise-Anne Pirofski
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Lalitha Parameswaran
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Anthony T Corcoran
- Department of Urology, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Abhinav Rohatgi
- Department of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Marta W Wronska
- Department of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Xinyuan Wu
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ranjini Srinivasan
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Fang-Ming Deng
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Thomas D Filardo
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jay Pendse
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Simone B Blaser
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Olga Whyte
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Ololade E Thomas
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Danibel Ramos
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Charlotte C Fong
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ivy M Daus
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Joseph T Chiofolo
- Department of Pathology, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Mark T Friedman
- Department of Pathology, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Ding Wen Wu
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jessica L Jacobson
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey G Schneider
- Department of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Uzma N Sarwar
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Pfizer Vaccine Clinical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Pearl River, New York
| | - Henry E Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston.,Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Ohio
| | - Ryan M Huebinger
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Goutham Dronavalli
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Carolyn Z Grimes
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Karen W Eldin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Virginia E Umana
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston
| | - Jessica G Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg
| | - Timothy R Heath
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg
| | - Fatimah O Bello
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg
| | - Daru Lane Ransford
- Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida
| | - Maudry Laurent-Rolle
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sheela V Shenoi
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Oscar Bate Akide-Ndunge
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bipin Thapa
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Jennifer L Peterson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Kelly Knauf
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute of Southern Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee
| | - Shivani U Patel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Laura L Cheney
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Christopher A Tormey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jeanne E Hendrickson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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16
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Ray Y, Paul SR, Bandopadhyay P, D'Rozario R, Sarif J, Raychaudhuri D, Bhowmik D, Lahiri A, Vasudevan JS, Maurya R, Kanakan A, Sharma S, Kumar M, Singh P, Roy R, Chaudhury K, Maiti R, Bagchi S, Maiti A, Perwez MM, Mondal A, Tewari A, Mandal S, Roy A, Saha M, Biswas D, Maiti C, Bhaduri R, Chakraborty S, Sarkar BS, Haldar A, Saha B, Sengupta S, Pandey R, Chatterjee S, Bhattacharya P, Paul S, Ganguly D. A phase 2 single center open label randomised control trial for convalescent plasma therapy in patients with severe COVID-19. Nat Commun 2022; 13:383. [PMID: 35046397 PMCID: PMC8770561 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A single center open label phase 2 randomised control trial (Clinical Trial Registry of India No. CTRI/2020/05/025209) was done to assess clinical and immunological benefits of passive immunization using convalescent plasma therapy. At the Infectious Diseases and Beleghata General Hospital in Kolkata, India, 80 patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 disease and fulfilling the inclusion criteria (aged more than 18 years, with either mild ARDS having PaO2/FiO2 200-300 or moderate ARDS having PaO2/FiO2 100-200, not on mechanical ventilation) were recruited and randomized into either standard of care (SOC) arm (N = 40) or the convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) arm (N = 40). Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality by day 30 of enrolment and immunological correlates of response to therapy if any, for which plasma abundance of a large panel of cytokines was quantitated before and after intervention to assess the effect of CPT on the systemic hyper-inflammation encountered in these patients. The secondary outcomes were recovery from ARDS and time taken to negative viral RNA PCR as well as to report any adverse reaction to plasma therapy. Transfused convalescent plasma was characterized in terms of its neutralizing antibody content as well as proteome. The trial was completed and it was found that primary outcome of all-cause mortality was not significantly different among severe COVID-19 patients with ARDS randomized to two treatment arms (Mantel-Haenszel Hazard Ratio 0.6731, 95% confidence interval 0.3010-1.505, with a P value of 0.3424 on Mantel-Cox Log-rank test). No adverse effect was reported with CPT. In severe COVID-19 patients with mild or moderate ARDS no significant clinical benefit was registered in this clinical trial with convalescent plasma therapy in terms of prespecified outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogiraj Ray
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India.
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India.
| | | | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ranit D'Rozario
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Jafar Sarif
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Deblina Raychaudhuri
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Debaleena Bhowmik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Structural Biology & Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhishake Lahiri
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Structural Biology & Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ranjeet Maurya
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Akshay Kanakan
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Praveen Singh
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Rammohan Roy
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Rajsekhar Maiti
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Sagar Dutta Hospital & College of Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Saugata Bagchi
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Ayan Maiti
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Avinash Tewari
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Samik Mandal
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Arpan Roy
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Moumita Saha
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Durba Biswas
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Chikam Maiti
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | - Anima Haldar
- Infectious Disease & Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Bibhuti Saha
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Shilpak Chatterjee
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Prasun Bhattacharya
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Sandip Paul
- Division of Structural Biology & Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.
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17
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Grujić J, Bujandrić N, Budakov-Obradović Z, Dolinaj V, Bogdan D, Savić N, Cabezas-Cruz A, Mijatović D, Simin V, Anđelić N, Banović P. Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Reactivity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Serbian Convalescent Plasma Donors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010042. [PMID: 35010301 PMCID: PMC8751168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Passive immunotherapy with convalescent COVID-19 plasma (CCP) is used as a therapeutic procedure in many countries, including Serbia. In this study, we analyzed the association between demographic factors, COVID-19 severity and the reactivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (Abs) in Serbian CCP donors. Individuals (n = 468) recovered from confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, and who were willing to donate their plasma for passive immunization of COVID-19 patients were enrolled in the study. Plasma samples were tested for the presence of IgG reactive to SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S1) and nucleocapsid antigens. Individuals were characterized according to age, gender, comorbidities, COVID-19 severity, ABO blood type and RhD factor. Total of 420 candidates (420/468; 89.74%) reached the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG that qualified them for inclusion in CCP donation program. Further statistical analysis showed that male individuals (p = 0.034), older age groups (p < 0.001), existence of hypertension (p = 0.008), and severe COVID-19 (p = 0.000) are linked with higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Abs. These findings will guide the selection of CCP donors in Serbia. Further studies need to be conducted to assess the neutralization potency and clinical efficiency of CCP collected from Serbian donors with high anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Grujić
- Blood Transfusion Institute Vojvodina, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (N.B.); (Z.B.-O.)
- Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.D.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Nevenka Bujandrić
- Blood Transfusion Institute Vojvodina, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (N.B.); (Z.B.-O.)
- Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.D.); (N.A.)
| | - Zorana Budakov-Obradović
- Blood Transfusion Institute Vojvodina, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (N.B.); (Z.B.-O.)
- Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.D.); (N.A.)
| | - Vladimir Dolinaj
- Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.D.); (N.A.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Damir Bogdan
- Social Sciences and Computing, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nebojša Savić
- Transfusion Medicine Department, Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | - Dragana Mijatović
- Department of Prevention of Rabies and Other Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Verica Simin
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Nikola Anđelić
- Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.D.); (N.A.)
| | - Pavle Banović
- Department of Prevention of Rabies and Other Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
- Department of Microbiology with Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (P.B.)
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18
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Liu Y, Zhou X, Liu X, Jiang X. The immunology and immunotherapy for COVID-19. Expert Rev Mol Med 2021; 23:e24. [PMID: 34915958 PMCID: PMC8723987 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2021.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and significantly impacts the world economy and daily life. Symptoms of COVID-19 range from asymptomatic to fever, dyspnoea, acute respiratory distress and multiple organ failure. Critical cases often occur in the elderly and patients with pre-existing conditions. By binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, SARS-CoV-2 can enter and replicate in the host cell, exerting a cytotoxic effect and causing local and systemic inflammation. Currently, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19, and immunotherapy has consistently attracted attention because of its essential role in boosting host immunity to the virus and reducing overwhelming inflammation. In this review, we summarise the immunopathogenic features of COVID-19 and highlight recent advances in immunotherapy to illuminate ideas for the development of new potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinsheng Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotao Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Bar KJ, Shaw PA, Choi GH, Aqui N, Fesnak A, Yang JB, Soto-Calderon H, Grajales L, Starr J, Andronov M, Mastellone M, Amonu C, Feret G, DeMarshall M, Buchanan M, Caturla M, Gordon J, Wanicur A, Monroy MA, Mampe F, Lindemuth E, Gouma S, Mullin AM, Barilla H, Pronina A, Irwin L, Thomas R, Eichinger RA, Demuth F, Luning Prak ET, Pascual JL, Short WR, Elovitz MA, Baron J, Meyer NJ, Degnan KO, Frank I, Hensley SE, Siegel DL, Tebas P. A randomized controlled study of convalescent plasma for individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e155114. [PMID: 34788233 PMCID: PMC8670841 DOI: 10.1172/jci155114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAntibody-based strategies for COVID-19 have shown promise in prevention and treatment of early disease. COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) has been widely used but results from randomized trials supporting its benefit in hospitalized patients with pneumonia are limited. Here, we assess the efficacy of CCP in severely ill, hospitalized adults with COVID-19 pneumonia.MethodsWe performed a randomized control trial (PennCCP2), with 80 adults hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia, comparing up to 2 units of locally sourced CCP plus standard care versus standard care alone. The primary efficacy endpoint was comparison of a clinical severity score. Key secondary outcomes include 14- and 28-day mortality, 14- and 28-day maximum 8-point WHO ordinal score (WHO8) score, duration of supplemental oxygenation or mechanical ventilation, respiratory SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.ResultsEighty hospitalized adults with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled at median day 6 of symptoms and day 1 of hospitalization; 60% were anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seronegative. Participants had a median of 3 comorbidities, including risk factors for severe COVID-19 and immunosuppression. CCP treatment was safe and conferred significant benefit by clinical severity score (median [MED] and interquartile range [IQR] 10 [5.5-30] vs. 7 [2.75-12.25], P = 0.037) and 28-day mortality (n = 10, 26% vs. n = 2, 5%; P = 0.013). All other prespecified outcome measures showed weak evidence toward benefit of CCP.ConclusionTwo units of locally sourced CCP administered early in hospitalization to majority seronegative participants conferred a significant benefit in clinical severity score and 28-day mortality. Results suggest CCP may benefit select populations, especially those with comorbidities who are treated early.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04397757.FundingUniversity of Pennsylvania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J. Bar
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pamela A. Shaw
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Group, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Grace H. Choi
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicole Aqui
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Fesnak
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jasper B. Yang
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Group, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Lizette Grajales
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julie Starr
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michelle Andronov
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Miranda Mastellone
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chigozie Amonu
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Geoff Feret
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maureen DeMarshall
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marie Buchanan
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maria Caturla
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James Gordon
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alan Wanicur
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M. Alexandra Monroy
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Felicity Mampe
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily Lindemuth
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sigrid Gouma
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne M. Mullin
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Holly Barilla
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anastasiya Pronina
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leah Irwin
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Raeann Thomas
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Risa A. Eichinger
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Faye Demuth
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eline T. Luning Prak
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jose L. Pascual
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William R. Short
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michal A. Elovitz
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jillian Baron
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nuala J. Meyer
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathleen O. Degnan
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian Frank
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott E. Hensley
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Donald L. Siegel
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pablo Tebas
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Focosi D, Franchini M, Pirofski LA, Maggi F, Casadevall A. Is SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs an appropriate surrogate marker for clinical efficacy of neutralising antibody-based therapeutics? Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2314. [PMID: 34861088 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viral clearance is likely the best way to assess the efficacy of antibody-based therapies. Although antibodies can mediate a variety of effects that include modulation of inflammation, the demonstration of viral clearance provides an accessible and measurable parameter that can be used to evaluate efficacy and determine dosing. Therefore, it is important to ascertain the ability of monoclonal antibodies and convalescent plasma to effect viral clearance. For COVID-19, which is caused by the respiratory virus SARS-CoV-2, the most common assay to assess viral clearance is via a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS). However, assessment of antibody efficacy by sampling this site may be misleading because it may not be as accessible to serum antibodies as respiratory secretions or circulating blood. Adding to the complexity of assessing the efficacy of administered antibody, particularly in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that enroled patients at different times after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms, viral clearance may also be mediated by endogenous antibody. In this article we critically review available data on viral clearance in RCTs, matched control studies, case series and case reports of antibody therapies in an attempt to identify variables that contribute to antibody efficacy and suggest optimal strategies for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Franchini
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantua, Italy
| | - Liise-Anne Pirofski
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Laboratory of Microbiology, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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21
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Sarkar S, Khanna P, Singh AK. Convalescent Plasma-A Light at the End of the Tunnel: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021; 25:1292-1300. [PMID: 34866829 PMCID: PMC8608648 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the absence of a definitive therapy during this ongoing unprecedented crisis, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT) has shown some promising results. This review summarizes the existing evidence of the efficacy of CPT in COVID-19 patients based upon scientific publications to date. We have included only the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through an extensive screening of electronic databases up to July 31, 2021. In 19 RCTs, with a total of 16,476 COVID-19 patients we found low-quality evidence of significant reduction in mortality (odds ratio (OR) = 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66-0.96, I2 = 40%), better clinical outcome when applied <7 days (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.28-3.53, I2 = 0%), and improved viral clearance (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.45, I2 = 74%). Meta-regression analysis found that as a covariate, intubation on admission (p = 0.007) had a significant impact. However, there was any significant reduction neither in duration for clinical improvement (MD = -0.79, 95% CI: -2.76-1.18, I2 = 98%), nor in total period of hospital stay (MD = 0.02, 95% CI: -0.75-0.78, I2 = 81%). Early application of CPT is still relevant in reducing morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients and is too early to write it off as a potential therapeutic modality for COVID-19 patients. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Sarkar S, Khanna P, Singh AK. Convalescent -Plasma-A Light at the End of the Tunnel: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(11):1292-1300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Sarkar
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Khanna
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | - Akhil K Singh
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, Delhi, India
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