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Yu G, Yuan L, Li X, Zuo M, Wang R, Chen M, Liu Y, Liu X, Xiao W. Zebrafish phd1 enhances mavs-mediated antiviral responses in a hydroxylation-independent manner. J Virol 2024; 98:e0103824. [PMID: 39162481 PMCID: PMC11406971 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01038-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PHD1 is a member of the prolyl hydroxylase domain protein (PHD1-4) family, which plays a prominent role in the post-translational modification of its target proteins by hydroxylating proline residues. The best-characterized targets of PHD1 are hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-1α and HIF-2α), two master regulators of the hypoxia signaling pathway. In this study, we show that zebrafish phd1 positively regulates mavs-mediated antiviral innate immunity. Overexpression of phd1 enhances the cellular antiviral response. Consistently, zebrafish lacking phd1 are more susceptible to spring viremia of carp virus infection. Further assays indicate that phd1 interacts with mavs through the C-terminal transmembrane domain of mavs and promotes mavs aggregation. In addition, zebrafish phd1 attenuates K48-linked polyubiquitination of mavs, leading to stabilization of mavs. However, the enzymatic activity of phd1 is not required for phd1 to activate mavs. In conclusion, this study reveals a novel function of phd1 in the regulation of antiviral innate immunity.IMPORTANCEPHD1 is a key regulator of the hypoxia signaling pathway, but its role in antiviral innate immunity is largely unknown. In this study, we found that zebrafish phd1 enhances cellular antiviral responses in a hydroxylation-independent manner. Phd1 interacts with mavs through the C-terminal transmembrane domain of mavs and promotes mavs aggregation. In addition, phd1 attenuates K48-linked polyubiquitination of mavs, leading to stabilization of mavs. Zebrafish lacking phd1 are more susceptible to spring viremia of carp virus infection. These findings reveal a novel role for phd1 in the regulation of mavs-mediated antiviral innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqing Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhong Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjuan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Calligaris M, Spanò DP, Bonelli S, Müller SA, Carcione C, D'apolito D, Amico G, Miele M, Di Bella M, Zito G, Nuti E, Rossello A, Blobel CP, Lichtenthaler SF, Scilabra SD. iRhom2 regulates ectodomain shedding and surface expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:163. [PMID: 38570362 PMCID: PMC10991058 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05201-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Proteolytic release of transmembrane proteins from the cell surface, the so called ectodomain shedding, is a key process in inflammation. Inactive rhomboid 2 (iRhom2) plays a crucial role in this context, in that it guides maturation and function of the sheddase ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) in immune cells, and, ultimately, its ability to release inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Yet, the macrophage sheddome of iRhom2/ADAM17, which is the collection of substrates that are released by the proteolytic complex, is only partly known. In this study, we applied high-resolution proteomics to murine and human iRhom2-deficient macrophages for a systematic identification of substrates, and therefore functions, of the iRhom2/ADAM17 proteolytic complex. We found that iRhom2 loss suppressed the release of a group of transmembrane proteins, including known (e.g. CSF1R) and putative novel ADAM17 substrates. In the latter group, shedding of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC-I) was consistently reduced in both murine and human macrophages when iRhom2 was ablated. Intriguingly, it emerged that in addition to its shedding, iRhom2 could also control surface expression of MHC-I by an undefined mechanism. We have demonstrated the biological significance of this process by using an in vitro model of CD8+ T-cell (CTL) activation. In this model, iRhom2 loss and consequent reduction of MHC-I expression on the cell surface of an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line dampened activation of autologous CTLs and their cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Taken together, this study uncovers a new role for iRhom2 in controlling cell surface levels of MHC-I by a dual mechanism that involves regulation of their surface expression and ectodomain shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Calligaris
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Proteomics Group of Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Donatella P Spanò
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Proteomics Group of Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- STEBICEF (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Bonelli
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Proteomics Group of Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- STEBICEF (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stephan A Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Carcione
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Danilo D'apolito
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Amico
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Miele
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariangela Di Bella
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zito
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando Rossello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, Program in Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Simone D Scilabra
- Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Proteomics Group of Ri.MED Foundation, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
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3
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Cao H, Zhou X, Xu B, Hu H, Guo J, Ma Y, Wang M, Li N, Jun Z. Advances in the study of protein folding and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation in mammal cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:212-232. [PMID: 38453636 PMCID: PMC10918413 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum is a key site for protein production and quality control. More than one-third of proteins are synthesized and folded into the correct three-dimensional conformation in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, during protein folding, unfolded and/or misfolded proteins are prone to occur, which may lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Organisms can monitor the quality of the proteins produced by endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), which maintain endoplasmic reticulum protein homeostasis by degrading abnormally folded proteins. The underlying mechanisms of protein folding and ERAD in mammals have not yet been fully explored. Therefore, this paper reviews the process and function of protein folding and ERAD in mammalian cells, in order to help clinicians better understand the mechanism of ERAD and to provide a scientific reference for the treatment of diseases caused by abnormal ERAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cao
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Han Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuwei Ma
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zou Jun
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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4
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Ge J, Zhang L. RNF5: inhibiting antiviral immunity and shaping virus life cycle. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1324516. [PMID: 38250078 PMCID: PMC10796512 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1324516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
RNF5 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in various physiological processes such as protein localization and cancer progression. Recent studies have shown that RNF5 significantly inhibits antiviral innate immunity by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of STING and MAVS, which are essential adaptor proteins, as well as their downstream signal IRF3. The abundance of RNF5 is delicately regulated by both host factors and viruses. Host factors have been found to restrict RNF5-mediated ubiquitination, maintaining the stability of STING or MAVS through distinct mechanisms. Meanwhile, viruses have developed ingenious strategies to hijack RNF5 to ubiquitinate and degrade immune proteins. Moreover, recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of RNF5 in the life cycle of various viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and KSHV. Based on these emerging discoveries, RNF5 represents a novel means of modulating antiviral immunity. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the roles of RNF5 in antiviral immunity and virus life cycle. This comprehensive understanding could offer valuable insights into exploring potential therapeutic applications focused on targeting RNF5 during viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ge
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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5
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Hu MM, Shu HB. Mitochondrial DNA-triggered innate immune response: mechanisms and diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1403-1412. [PMID: 37932533 PMCID: PMC10687031 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various cellular stress conditions trigger mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release from mitochondria into the cytosol. The released mtDNA is sensed by the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway, resulting in the induced expression of type I interferon and other effector genes. These processes contribute to the innate immune response to viral infection and other stress factors. The deregulation of these processes causes autoimmune diseases, inflammatory metabolic disorders and cancer. Therefore, the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway is a potential target for intervention in infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases as well as cancer. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying the mtDNA-triggered activation of the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway, the effects of the pathway under various physiological and pathological conditions, and advances in the development of drugs that target cGAS and MITA/STING.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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6
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Lee YB, Jung M, Kim J, Charles A, Christ W, Kang J, Kang MG, Kwak C, Klingström J, Smed-Sörensen A, Kim JS, Mun JY, Rhee HW. Super-resolution proximity labeling reveals anti-viral protein network and its structural changes against SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112835. [PMID: 37478010 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replicates in human cells by interacting with host factors following infection. To understand the virus and host interactome proximity, we introduce a super-resolution proximity labeling (SR-PL) method with a "plug-and-playable" PL enzyme, TurboID-GBP (GFP-binding nanobody protein), and we apply it for interactome mapping of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a and membrane protein (M), which generates highly perturbed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structures. Through SR-PL analysis of the biotinylated interactome, 224 and 272 peptides are robustly identified as ORF3a and M interactomes, respectively. Within the ORF3a interactome, RNF5 co-localizes with ORF3a and generates ubiquitin modifications of ORF3a that can be involved in protein degradation. We also observe that the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate is efficiently reduced by the overexpression of RNF5 in host cells. The interactome data obtained using the SR-PL method are presented at https://sarscov2.spatiomics.org. We hope that our method will contribute to revealing virus-host interactions of other viruses in an efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Bin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyo Jung
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeesoo Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Afandi Charles
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wanda Christ
- Centre for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiwoong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Gyun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhwan Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Centre for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jong-Seo Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Bhaduri S, Scott NA, Neal SE. The Role of the Rhomboid Superfamily in ER Protein Quality Control: From Mechanisms and Functions to Diseases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041248. [PMID: 35940905 PMCID: PMC9899648 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle in eukaryotic cells and is a major site for protein folding, modification, and lipid synthesis. Perturbations within the ER, such as protein misfolding and high demand for protein folding, lead to dysregulation of the ER protein quality control network and ER stress. Recently, the rhomboid superfamily has emerged as a critical player in ER protein quality control because it has diverse cellular functions, including ER-associated degradation (ERAD), endosome Golgi-associated degradation (EGAD), and ER preemptive quality control (ERpQC). This breadth of function both illustrates the importance of the rhomboid superfamily in health and diseases and emphasizes the necessity of understanding their mechanisms of action. Because dysregulation of rhomboid proteins has been implicated in various diseases, such as neurological disorders and cancers, they represent promising potential therapeutic drug targets. This review provides a comprehensive account of the various roles of rhomboid proteins in the context of ER protein quality control and discusses their significance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satarupa Bhaduri
- School of Biological Sciences, the Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Nicola A Scott
- School of Biological Sciences, the Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Sonya E Neal
- School of Biological Sciences, the Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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8
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Guo Y, Zhang XN, Su S, Ruan ZL, Hu MM, Shu HB. β-adrenoreceptor-triggered PKA activation negatively regulates the innate antiviral response. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:175-188. [PMID: 36600052 PMCID: PMC9886936 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon viral infection, cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors detect viral nucleic acids and activate the adaptor protein VISA/MAVS- or MITA/STING-mediated innate antiviral response. Whether and how the innate antiviral response is regulated by neuronal endocrine functions is unclear. Here, we show that viral infection reduced the serum levels of the β-adrenergic hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine as well as the cellular levels of their receptors ADRB1 and ADRB2. We further show that an increase in epinephrine/norepinephrine level inhibited the innate antiviral response in an ADRB1-/2-dependent manner. Mechanistically, epinephrine/norepinephrine stimulation activated the downstream kinase PKA, which catalyzed the phosphorylation of MITA at S241, S243 and T263, inhibiting MITA activation and suppressing the innate immune response to DNA virus. In addition, phosphorylation of VISA at T54 by PKA antagonized the innate immune response to RNA virus. These findings reveal the regulatory mechanisms of innate antiviral responses by epinephrine/norepinephrine and provide a possible explanation for increased host susceptibility to viral infection in stressful and anxiety-promoting situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University; College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia-Nan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University; College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University; College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Lun Ruan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University; College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Ming Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University; College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University; College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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9
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Nejat R, Torshizi MF, Najafi DJ. S Protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword? A Narrative Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:204. [PMID: 36851081 PMCID: PMC9968219 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the spread of the deadly virus SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019, researchers have restlessly sought to unravel how the virus enters the host cells. Some proteins on each side of the interaction between the virus and the host cells are involved as the major contributors to this process: (1) the nano-machine spike protein on behalf of the virus, (2) angiotensin converting enzyme II, the mono-carboxypeptidase and the key component of renin angiotensin system on behalf of the host cell, (3) some host proteases and proteins exploited by SARS-CoV-2. In this review, the complex process of SARS-CoV-2 entrance into the host cells with the contribution of the involved host proteins as well as the sequential conformational changes in the spike protein tending to increase the probability of complexification of the latter with angiotensin converting enzyme II, the receptor of the virus on the host cells, are discussed. Moreover, the release of the catalytic ectodomain of angiotensin converting enzyme II as its soluble form in the extracellular space and its positive or negative impact on the infectivity of the virus are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nejat
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Laleh Hospital, Tehran 1467684595, Iran
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10
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Yang LL, Xiao WC, Li H, Hao ZY, Liu GZ, Zhang DH, Wu LM, Wang Z, Zhang YQ, Huang Z, Zhang YZ. E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF5 attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy through STING. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:889. [PMID: 36270989 PMCID: PMC9587004 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ring-finger protein 5 (RNF5) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase which is expressed in a variety of human tissues. RNF5 is involved in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and innate immunity and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the role of RNF5 in cardiac hypertrophy has not been reported. In this study, we found the expression of RNF5 was increased in the hearts of mice with pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The loss-of-function research demonstrated that RNF5 deficiency exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy, whereas gain-of-function studies revealed that overexpression of RNF5 had opposite effects. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a signaling molecule that can activate type I interferon immunity, which can meditate inflammation and immune response in many diseases. The protein-protein interaction experiments confirmed that STING interacted with RNF5. Further studies showed that RNF5 inhibited cardiac hypertrophy by promoting STING degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination. Therefore, we defined RNF5 as importantly regulated signaling for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Yang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Wen-Chang Xiao
- grid.508284.3Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang Institute of Translational Medicine, Huanggang, 438000 China
| | - Huan Li
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Zheng-Yang Hao
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Gui-Zhi Liu
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Dian-Hong Zhang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Lei-Ming Wu
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yan-Qing Zhang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Zhen Huang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yan-Zhou Zhang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Cardiovascular Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
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11
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iRhom pseudoproteases regulate ER stress-induced cell death through IP 3 receptors and BCL-2. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1257. [PMID: 35273168 PMCID: PMC8913617 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The folding capacity of membrane and secretory proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can be challenged by physiological and pathological perturbations, causing ER stress. If unresolved, this leads to cell death. We report a role for iRhom pseudoproteases in controlling apoptosis due to persistent ER stress. Loss of iRhoms causes cells to be resistant to ER stress-induced apoptosis. iRhom1 and iRhom2 interact with IP3 receptors, critical mediators of intracellular Ca2+ signalling, and regulate ER stress-induced transport of Ca2+ into mitochondria, a primary trigger of mitochondrial membrane depolarisation and cell death. iRhoms also bind to the anti-apoptotic regulator BCL-2, attenuating the inhibitory interaction between BCL-2 and IP3 receptors, which promotes ER Ca2+ release. The discovery of the participation of iRhoms in the control of ER stress-induced cell death further extends their potential pathological significance to include diseases dependent on protein misfolding and aggregation. Cells that cannot cope with persistent endoplasmic reticulum stress will die. Here, the authors show that iRhom pseudoproteases regulate cell death by modulating the ability of BCL-2 to inhibit calcium flow through IP3R channels.
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12
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Li X, Yu Z, Fang Q, Yang M, Huang J, Li Z, Wang J, Chen T. The transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM13 restrains the pathogenic-DNA-triggered inflammatory response. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabh0496. [PMID: 35080984 PMCID: PMC8791621 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is the core adaptor for the pathogenic-DNA-triggered innate response. Aberrant activation of STING causes autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, raising the concern about how STING is finely tuned during innate response to pathogenic DNAs. Here, we report that the transmembrane domain (TM)-containing ER-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM13 (tripartite motif containing 13) is required for restraining inflammatory response to pathogenic DNAs. TRIM13 deficiency enhances pathogenic-DNA-triggered inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits DNA virus replication, and causes age-related autoinflammation. Mechanistically, TRIM13 interacts with STING via the TM and catalyzes Lys6-linked polyubiquitination of STING, leading to decelerated ER exit and accelerated ER-initiated degradation of STING. STING deficiency reverses the enhanced innate anti-DNA virus response in TRIM13 knockout mice. Our study delineates a potential strategy for controlling the homeostasis of STING by transmembrane ER-associated TRIM13 during the pathogenic-DNA-triggered inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qian Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingjin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiaying Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zheng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Immunology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Haematology, Zhejiang University and Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author. (J.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Taoyong Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Corresponding author. (J.W.); (T.C.)
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13
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Kubo S, Fritz JM, Raquer-McKay HM, Kataria R, Vujkovic-Cvijin I, Al-Shaibi A, Yao Y, Zheng L, Zou J, Waldman AD, Jing X, Farley TK, Park AY, Oler AJ, Charles AK, Makhlouf M, AbouMoussa EH, Hasnah R, Saraiva LR, Ganesan S, Al-Subaiey AA, Matthews H, Flano E, Lee HH, Freeman AF, Sefer AP, Sayar E, Çakır E, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Baris S, Belkaid Y, Ozen A, Lo B, Lenardo MJ. Congenital iRHOM2 deficiency causes ADAM17 dysfunction and environmentally directed immunodysregulatory disease. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:75-85. [PMID: 34937930 PMCID: PMC11060421 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report a pleiotropic disease due to loss-of-function mutations in RHBDF2, the gene encoding iRHOM2, in two kindreds with recurrent infections in different organs. One patient had recurrent pneumonia but no colon involvement, another had recurrent infectious hemorrhagic colitis but no lung involvement and the other two experienced recurrent respiratory infections. Loss of iRHOM2, a rhomboid superfamily member that regulates the ADAM17 metalloproteinase, caused defective ADAM17-dependent cleavage and release of cytokines, including tumor-necrosis factor and amphiregulin. To understand the diverse clinical phenotypes, we challenged Rhbdf2-/- mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa by nasal gavage and observed more severe pneumonia, whereas infection with Citrobacter rodentium caused worse inflammatory colitis than in wild-type mice. The fecal microbiota in the colitis patient had characteristic oral species that can predispose to colitis. Thus, a human immunodeficiency arising from iRHOM2 deficiency causes divergent disease phenotypes that can involve the local microbial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kubo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jill M Fritz
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cooley, LLP in Washington, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hayley M Raquer-McKay
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rhea Kataria
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Yikun Yao
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lixin Zheng
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan Zou
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alex D Waldman
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xinyi Jing
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Taylor K Farley
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ann Y Park
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Oler
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Reem Hasnah
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Luis R Saraiva
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sundar Ganesan
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Helen Matthews
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emilio Flano
- Discovery Oncology and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyun Hee Lee
- Discovery Oncology and Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra F Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Asena Pınar Sefer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ersin Sayar
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Altinbas University Medical Park Bahcelievler Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Çakır
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey.
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Bernice Lo
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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14
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Giese AA, Babendreyer A, Krappen P, Gross A, Strnad P, Düsterhöft S, Ludwig A. Inflammatory activation of surface molecule shedding by upregulation of the pseudoprotease iRhom2 in colon epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24230. [PMID: 34930929 PMCID: PMC8688420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The metalloproteinase ADAM17 contributes to inflammatory and proliferative responses by shedding of cell-surface molecules. By this ADAM17 is implicated in inflammation, regeneration, and permeability regulation of epithelial cells in the colon. ADAM17 maturation and surface expression requires the adapter proteins iRhom1 or iRhom2. Here we report that expression of iRhom2 but not iRhom1 is upregulated in intestinal tissue of mice with acute colitis. Our analysis of public databases indicates elevated iRhom2 expression in mucosal tissue and epithelial cells from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Consistently, expression of iRhom2 but not iRhom1 is upregulated in colon or intestinal epithelial cell lines after co-stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon gamma (IFNgamma). This upregulation can be reduced by inhibition of Janus kinases or transcription factors NF-kappaB or AP-1. Upregulation of iRhom2 can be mimicked by iRhom2 overexpression and is associated with enhanced maturation and surface expression of ADAM17 which then results in increased cleavage of transforming growth factor (TGF) alpha and junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A. Finally, the induction of these responses is suppressed by inhibition of iRhom2 transcription. Thus, inflammatory induction of iRhom2 may contribute to upregulated ADAM17-dependent mediator and adhesion molecule release in IBD. The development of iRhom2-dependent inhibitors may allow selective targeting of inflammatory ADAM17 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Adelina Giese
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Aaron Babendreyer
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Krappen
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Annika Gross
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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15
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Zang R, Lian H, Zhong X, Yang Q, Shu HB. ZCCHC3 modulates TLR3-mediated signaling by promoting recruitment of TRIF to TLR3. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 12:251-262. [PMID: 32133501 PMCID: PMC7232131 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-mediated signaling is important for host defense against RNA virus. Upon viral RNA stimulation, toll and interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF) is recruited to TLR3 and then undergoes oligomerization, which is required for the recruitment of downstream molecules to transmit signals. Here, we identified zinc finger CCHC-type containing 3 (ZCCHC3) as a positive regulator of TLR3-mediated signaling. Overexpression of ZCCHC3 promoted transcription of downstream antiviral genes stimulated by the synthetic TLR3 ligand poly(I:C). ZCCHC3-deficiency markedly inhibited TLR3- but not TLR4-mediated induction of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Zcchc3−/− mice were more resistant to poly(I:C)- but not lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory death. Mechanistically, ZCCHC3 promoted recruitment of TRIF to TLR3 after poly(I:C) stimulation. Our findings reveal that ZCCHC3 plays an important role in TLR3-mediated innate immune response by promoting the recruitment of TRIF to TLR3 after ligand stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Huan Lian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuan Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Correspondence to: Qing Yang, E-mail:
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hong-Bing Shu, E-mail:
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16
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Li C, Zhang M, Guan X, Hu H, Fu M, Liu Y, Hu Q. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Glycoprotein D Inhibits NF-κB Activation by Interacting with p65. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2852-2861. [PMID: 34049972 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, and immune responses. HSV type 2 (HSV-2) is one of the most predominant sexually transmitted pathogens worldwide, and its infection increases the risk of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) acquisition and transmission. HSV-2 glycoprotein D (gD), highly homologous to HSV-1 gD, is essential for viral adhesion, fusion, entry, and spread. It is known that HSV-1 gD can bind herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) to trigger NF-κB activation and thereby facilitate viral replication at the early stage of infection. In this study, we found that purified HSV-2 gD triggered NF-κB activation at the early stage of infection, whereas ectopic expression of HSV-2 gD significantly downregulated TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity as well as TNF-α-induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression. Mechanistically, HSV-2 gD inhibited NF-κB, but not IFN-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), activation and suppressed NF-κB activation mediated by overexpression of TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), IκB kinase α (IKKα), IKKβ, or p65. Coimmunoprecipitation and binding kinetic analyses demonstrated that HSV-2 gD directly bound to the NF-κB subunit p65 and abolished the nuclear translocation of p65 upon TNF-α stimulation. Mutational analyses further revealed that HSV-2 gD interacted with the region spanning aa 19-187 of p65. Findings in this study together demonstrate that HSV-2 gD interacts with p65 to regulate p65 subcellular localization and thereby prevents NF-κB-dependent gene expression, which may contribute to HSV-2 immune evasion and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mudan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Xinmeng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Yalan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;
| | - Qinxue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; .,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Onomoto K, Onoguchi K, Yoneyama M. Regulation of RIG-I-like receptor-mediated signaling: interaction between host and viral factors. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:539-555. [PMID: 33462384 PMCID: PMC7812568 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are RNA sensor molecules that play essential roles in innate antiviral immunity. Among the three RLRs encoded by the human genome, RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5, which contain N-terminal caspase recruitment domains, are activated upon the detection of viral RNAs in the cytoplasm of virus-infected cells. Activated RLRs induce downstream signaling via their interactions with mitochondrial antiviral signaling proteins and activate the production of type I and III interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have shown that RLR-mediated signaling is regulated by interactions with endogenous RNAs and host proteins, such as those involved in stress responses and posttranslational modifications. Since RLR-mediated cytokine production is also involved in the regulation of acquired immunity, the deregulation of RLR-mediated signaling is associated with autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. Moreover, RLR-mediated signaling might be involved in the aberrant cytokine production observed in coronavirus disease 2019. Since the discovery of RLRs in 2004, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying the activation and regulation of RLR-mediated signaling pathways. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of regulated RNA recognition and signal activation by RLRs, focusing on the interactions between various host and viral factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Onomoto
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8673, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Onoguchi
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8673, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Yoneyama
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8673, Japan.
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18
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Weng GX, Ling T, Hou W, Li SN, Chen T, Zhang Z, Wang DD, Xu LG. Mitochondrial DUT-M potentiates RLR-mediated antiviral signaling by enhancing VISA and TRAF2 association. Mol Immunol 2021; 132:117-125. [PMID: 33582548 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Upon recognition of intracytoplasmic viral RNA, activated RIG-I is recruited to the mitochondrion-located adaptor protein VISA (also known as MAVS, CARDIF, and IPS-1). VISA then acts as a central signaling platform for linking RIG-I and downstream signaling components, such as TRAF2, 5, and 6, TBK1, and IKK, leading to activation of the kinases TBK1 and IKK. These activated kinases further phosphorylate the transcription factors IRF3/7 and NF-κB, leading to the induction of downstream antiviral genes. Here, we report a mitochondrial isoform, deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase), DUT-M, as a positive regulator in RLR-VISA-mediated antiviral signaling. DUT-M interacts with VISA and RIG-I to facilitate the assembly of the VISA-TRAF2 complex and to augment the polyubiquitination of TRAF2, leading to potentiated activation of IRF3 dimerization and phosphorylation of P65, and enhanced VISA-mediated innate immune response. RLR-VISA-mediated IRF3 dimerization and P65 phosphorylation, were inhibited in DUT-knockdown and DUT-deficient 293 cells. Thus, DUT-M is a positive regulator of the RIG-I-VISA-mediated innate immune response to RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xiu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Ting Ling
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Wen Hou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Sheng-Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Liang-Guo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.
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19
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Zheng C. The emerging roles of the MARCH ligases in antiviral innate immunity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:423-427. [PMID: 33428955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-associated RING (really interesting new gene)-cysteine-histidine (CH) (MARCH) ubiquitin ligases belong to a RING finger domain E3 ligases family. So far, eleven members have been found in the MARCH family, which are MARCH 1 to 11. The members of the MARCH family are widely distributed and involve in a variety of cellular functions, including regulation of the immune system, transmembrane transport of proteins, protein stability, endoplasmic reticulum-related degradation, and endosome protein transport. Several seminal studies over the past decade have delineated that MARCH affects viral replication through various mechanisms by regulating the activity of signaling molecules and their expression in the antiviral innate immune responses. Here, we summarize the complex roles of MARCH ligases in the antiviral innate immune signaling pathway and its impact on viral replication in host immune defense systems. A better understanding of this interplay's molecular mechanisms is important concerning the development of new therapeutics targeting viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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20
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Geesala R, Issuree PD, Maretzky T. The Role of iRhom2 in Metabolic and Cardiovascular-Related Disorders. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:612808. [PMID: 33330676 PMCID: PMC7732453 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.612808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obesity is associated with metabolic imbalance leading to diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), in which inflammation is caused by exposure to inflammatory stimuli, such as accumulating sphingolipid ceramides or intracellular stress. This inflammatory response is likely to be prolonged by the effects of dietary and blood cholesterol, thereby leading to chronic low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are predictive of CVDs and have been widely studied for potential therapeutic strategies. The release of TNF is controlled by a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17 and both are positively associated with CVDs. ADAM17 also cleaves most of the ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which have been associated with hypertension, atherogenesis, vascular dysfunction, and cardiac remodeling. The inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) regulates the ADAM17-dependent shedding of TNF in immune cells. In addition, iRhom2 also regulates the ADAM17-mediated cleavage of EGFR ligands such as amphiregulin and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Targeting iRhom2 has recently become a possible alternative therapeutic strategy in chronic inflammatory diseases such as lupus nephritis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, what role this intriguing interacting partner of ADAM17 plays in the vasculature and how it functions in the pathologies of obesity and associated CVDs, are exciting questions that are only beginning to be elucidated. In this review, we discuss the role of iRhom2 in cardiovascular-related pathologies such as atherogenesis and obesity by providing an evaluation of known iRhom2-dependent cellular and inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Priya D Issuree
- Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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21
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Adrain C, Cavadas M. The complex life of rhomboid pseudoproteases. FEBS J 2020; 287:4261-4283. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Adrain
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC) Oeiras Portugal
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology Queen's University Belfast UK
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22
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iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186570. [PMID: 32911849 PMCID: PMC7554728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhomboid family are evolutionary conserved intramembrane proteases. Their inactive members, iRhom in Drosophila melanogaster and iRhom1 and iRhom2 in mammals, lack the catalytic center and are hence labelled “inactive” rhomboid family members. In mammals, both iRhoms are involved in maturation and trafficking of the ubiquitous transmembrane protease a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17, which through cleaving many biologically active molecules has a critical role in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Notch signaling. Accordingly, with iRhom2 having a profound influence on ADAM17 activation and substrate specificity it regulates these signaling pathways. Moreover, iRhom2 has a role in the innate immune response to both RNA and DNA viruses and in regulation of keratin subtype expression in wound healing and cancer. Here we review the role of iRhom2 in immunity and disease, both dependent and independent of its regulation of ADAM17.
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23
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Zhong X, Feng L, Zang R, Lei CQ, Yang Q, Shu HB. ZFYVE1 negatively regulates MDA5- but not RIG-I-mediated innate antiviral response. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008457. [PMID: 32251420 PMCID: PMC7162542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), including RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), sense cytoplasmic viral RNA and initiate innate antiviral responses. How RIG-I and MDA5 are differentially regulated remains enigmatic. In this study, we identified the guanylate-binding protein (GBP) and zinc-finger FYVE domain-containing protein ZFYVE1 as a negative regulator of MDA5- but not RIG-I-mediated innate antiviral responses. ZFYVE1-deficiency promoted MDA5- but not RIG-I-mediated transcription of downstream antiviral genes. Comparing to wild-type mice, Zfyve1-/- mice were significantly protected from lethality induced by encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) that is sensed by MDA5, whereas Zfyve1-/- and Zfyve1+/+ mice were comparable to death induced by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) that is sensed by RIG-I. Mechanistically, ZFYVE1 interacted with MDA5 but not RIG-I. ZFYVE1 bound to viral RNA and decreased the ligand binding and oligomerization of MDA5. These findings suggest that ZFYVE1 acts as a specific negative regulator of MDA5-mediated innate immune responses by inhibiting its ligand binding and oligomerization. RIG-I and MDA5 are the main cytosolic sensors for invaded viral RNA. How these sensors are differentially regulated is largely unknown. In this study, we identified ZFYVE1 as a specific regulator of MDA5- but not RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses. ZFYVE1-deficiency promotes antiviral immune responses and renders the mice less susceptible to EMCV-induced death. ZFYVE1 interacts with MDA5 and viral dsRNA, and inhibits the ligand binding and oligomerization of MDA5. Our study reveals a negative regulatory mechanism for keeping MDA5 inactive in un-infected cells, which contributes to our understanding on how innate antiviral responses are delicately regulated to avoid immune damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru Zang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cao-Qi Lei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Dulloo I, Muliyil S, Freeman M. The molecular, cellular and pathophysiological roles of iRhom pseudoproteases. Open Biol 2020; 9:190003. [PMID: 30890028 PMCID: PMC6451368 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
iRhom proteins are catalytically inactive relatives of rhomboid intramembrane proteases. There is a rapidly growing body of evidence that these pseudoenzymes have a central function in regulating inflammatory and growth factor signalling and consequent roles in many diseases. iRhom pseudoproteases have evolved new domains from their proteolytic ancestors, which are integral to their modular regulation and functions. Although we cannot yet conclude the full extent of their molecular and cellular mechanisms, there is a clearly emerging theme that they regulate the stability and trafficking of other membrane proteins. In the best understood case, iRhoms act as regulatory cofactors of the ADAM17 protease, controlling its function of shedding cytokines and growth factors. It seems likely that as the involvement of iRhoms in human diseases is increasingly recognized, they will become the focus of pharmaceutical interest, and here we discuss what is known about their molecular mechanisms and relevance in known pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Dulloo
- Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE , UK
| | - Sonia Muliyil
- Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE , UK
| | - Matthew Freeman
- Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE , UK
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25
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Xu M, Ge C, Qin Y, Lou D, Li Q, Feng J, Wu Y, Hu L, Wang B, Tan J. Functional loss of inactive rhomboid-like protein 2 mitigates obesity by suppressing pro-inflammatory macrophage activation-triggered adipose inflammation. Mol Metab 2020; 34:112-123. [PMID: 32180551 PMCID: PMC7031140 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Chronic inflammation of adipose tissues contributes to obesity-triggered insulin resistance. Unfortunately, the potential molecular mechanisms regarding obesity-associated systemic inflammation and metabolic disorder remain complicated. Here, we report that inactive rhomboid-like protein 2 (iRhom2) was increased in overweight mice with adipose inflammation. Methods Mice with deletion of iRhom2 on a C57BL/6J background, mice without deletion of this gene (controls), and mice with deficiency of iRhom2 only in myeloid cells were fed a standard chow diet (SCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat calories). Then the adipose tissues or bone marrow cells were isolated for the further detection. Results After 16 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD), obesity, chronic inflammation in adipose tissues, and insulin resistance were markedly mitigated in iRhom2 knockout (iRhom2 KO) mice, whereas these parameters were exaggerated in iRhom2 overactivated mice. The adverse influences of iRhom2 on adipose inflammation and associated pathologies were determined in db/db mice. We further demonstrated that, in response to an HFD, iRhom2 KO mice and mice with deletion only in the myeloid cells showed less severe adipose inflammation and insulin resistance than control groups. Conversely, transplantation of bone marrow cells from normal mice to iRhom2 KO mice unleashed severe systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction after HFD ingestion. Conclusion We identified iRhom2 as a key regulator that promotes obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Loss of iRhom2 from macrophages in adipose tissues may indirectly restrain inflammation and insulin resistance via blocking crosslinks between macrophages and adipocytes. Hence, iRhom2 may be a therapeutic target for obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction. iRhom2 deletion protects against high fat diet-induced obesity. Alteration of iRhom2 activity is coupled with high fat diet-triggered adipose inflammation. Myeloid cell-specific iRhom2 knockout reduces high fat diet-induced adipose inflammation and dyslipidemia. iRhom2 expression only in myeloid cells increases high fat diet-induced adipose inflammation and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China.
| | - Chenxu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Yuting Qin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Deshuai Lou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China
| | - Jing Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China
| | - Yekuan Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China
| | - Linfeng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China.
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China.
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26
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Phu L, Rose CM, Tea JS, Wall CE, Verschueren E, Cheung TK, Kirkpatrick DS, Bingol B. Dynamic Regulation of Mitochondrial Import by the Ubiquitin System. Mol Cell 2020; 77:1107-1123.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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27
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Zhou D, Li Q, Jia F, Zhang L, Wan S, Li Y, Song Y, Chen H, Cao S, Ye J. The Japanese Encephalitis Virus NS1' Protein Inhibits Type I IFN Production by Targeting MAVS. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1287-1298. [PMID: 31996459 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus that causes severe neurologic disease in humans. NS1' is a NS1-related protein only reported in the Japanese encephalitis serogroup members of Flavivirus It is produced through programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift in NS2A. Our previous study demonstrated that JEV NS1' could antagonize type I IFN (IFN-I) production, but the mechanism is still unclear. In the current study, we found that JEV NS1' inhibits the expression of MAVS, and knockdown of MAVS hampers inhibition of IFN-β induction by NS1', suggesting that JEV NS1' inhibits IFN-I production by targeting MAVS. This finding is further supported by the result of the in vivo assay that showed the similar mortality caused by NS1'-deficient virus and its wild type virus in MAVS-deficient mice. Based on our previous sequencing results of noncoding RNA in JEV-infected cells, microRNA-22 (miR-22) was identified to be a key regulator for MAVS expression during JEV infection. Furthermore, we demonstrated that JEV NS1' could induce the expression of miR-22 by increasing the binding of transcriptional factors, CREB and c-Rel, to the promoter elements of miR-22. Taken together, our results reveal a novel mechanism by which JEV NS1' antagonizes host MAVS by regulating miR-22, thereby inhibiting the IFN-I production and facilitating viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Qiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Fan Jia
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Luping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Shengfeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yunchuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yunfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Shengbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; .,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China; and
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28
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Zhang HY, Liao BW, Xu ZS, Ran Y, Wang DP, Yang Y, Luo WW, Wang YY. USP44 positively regulates innate immune response to DNA viruses through deubiquitinating MITA. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008178. [PMID: 31968013 PMCID: PMC6975528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediator of IRF3 activation (MITA, also known as stimulator of interferon genes, STING) senses the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) which is synthesized upon DNA virus infection and activates innate antiviral immune response. It has been demonstrated that the activity of MITA is delicately regulated by various post-translational modifications including polyubiquitination. In this study, we identified the deubiquitinating enzyme USP44 as a positive regulator of MITA. USP44 is recruited to MITA following DNA virus infection and removes K48-linked polyubiquitin moieties from MITA at K236, therefore prevents MITA from proteasome mediated degradation. USP44-deficiency results in acceleration of HSV-1-induced degradation of MITA and reduced induction of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Consistently, Usp44-/- mice are more susceptible to HSV-1 infection as indicated by higher tissue viral titers, greater tissue damage and lower survival rate. These findings suggest that USP44 plays a specific and critical role in the regulation of innate immune response against DNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Wei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Ran
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong-Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (W-WL); (Y-YW)
| | - Yan-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (W-WL); (Y-YW)
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Abstract
The antiviral innate immune and inflammatory responses are critical for host defense against viral infection. How these antiviral responses are initiated and regulated has been intensively investigated. Viral nucleic acids are sensed by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), which trigger various signaling pathways by utilizing distinct adaptor proteins, kinases and regulatory proteins. These pathways lead to activation of the transcriptional factors NF-κB and IRF3 and ultimate induction of antiviral effector proteins including type I interferons (IFNs), TNF and IL-1β, which are critical mediators of antiviral innate immune and inflammatory responses. For the past 20 years, our groups at Peking University and Wuhan University have made restless efforts in deciphering the molecular mechanisms of antiviral innate immune and inflammatory responses. Here, we summarize the major discoveries from our groups, including the identifications of the critical adaptors VISA/MAVS and MITA/STING, regulatory mechanisms of these adapter-mediated signaling, and regulation of TNF- and IL1β-triggered inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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30
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Sundaram B, Behnke K, Belancic A, Al-Salihi MA, Thabet Y, Polz R, Pellegrino R, Zhuang Y, Shinde PV, Xu HC, Vasilevska J, Longerich T, Herebian D, Mayatepek E, Bock HH, May P, Kordes C, Aghaeepour N, Mak TW, Keitel V, Häussinger D, Scheller J, Pandyra AA, Lang KS, Lang PA. iRhom2 inhibits bile duct obstruction-induced liver fibrosis. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/605/eaax1194. [PMID: 31662486 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aax1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease can induce prolonged activation of hepatic stellate cells, which may result in liver fibrosis. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) is required for the maturation of A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17, also called TACE), which is responsible for the cleavage of membrane-bound tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and its receptors (TNFRs). Here, using the murine bile duct ligation (BDL) model, we showed that the abundance of iRhom2 and activation of ADAM17 increased during liver fibrosis. Consistent with this, concentrations of ADAM17 substrates were increased in plasma samples from mice after BDL and in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis. We observed increased liver fibrosis, accelerated disease progression, and an increase in activated stellate cells after BDL in mice lacking iRhom2 (Rhbdf2-/- ) compared to that in controls. In vitro primary mouse hepatic stellate cells exhibited iRhom2-dependent shedding of the ADAM17 substrates TNFR1 and TNFR2. In vivo TNFR shedding after BDL also depended on iRhom2. Treatment of Rhbdf2-/- mice with the TNF-α inhibitor etanercept reduced the presence of activated stellate cells and alleviated liver fibrosis after BDL. Together, these data suggest that iRhom2-mediated inhibition of TNFR signaling protects against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Sundaram
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kristina Behnke
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Belancic
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mazin A Al-Salihi
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yasser Thabet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robin Polz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rossella Pellegrino
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Prashant V Shinde
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Haifeng C Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jelena Vasilevska
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans H Bock
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra May
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claus Kordes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Regenerative Hepatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant S280, Stanford, CA 94305-5117, USA
| | - Tak W Mak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 1 King's Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Verena Keitel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Regenerative Hepatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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31
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Cao P, Luo WW, Li C, Tong Z, Zheng ZQ, Zhou L, Xiong Y, Li S. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNPM inhibits RNA virus-triggered innate immunity by antagonizing RNA sensing of RIG-I-like receptors. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007983. [PMID: 31433824 PMCID: PMC6703689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of viral RNA by the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), including RIG-I and MDA5, initiates innate antiviral responses. Although regulation of RLR-mediated signal transduction has been extensively investigated, how the recognition of viral RNA by RLRs is regulated remains enigmatic. In this study, we identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNPM) as a negative regulator of RLR-mediated signaling. Overexpression of hnRNPM markedly inhibited RNA virus-triggered innate immune responses. Conversely, hnRNPM-deficiency increased viral RNA-triggered innate immune responses and inhibited replication of RNA viruses. Viral infection caused translocation of hnRNPM from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. hnRNPM interacted with RIG-I and MDA5, and impaired the binding of the RLRs to viral RNA, leading to inhibition of innate antiviral response. Our findings suggest that hnRNPM acts as an important decoy for excessive innate antiviral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Wei Luo
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (WWL); (SL)
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Tong
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhou-Qin Zheng
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (WWL); (SL)
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32
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Geesala R, Issuree PD, Maretzky T. Novel functions of inactive rhomboid proteins in immunity and disease. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:823-835. [PMID: 31369701 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3vmr0219-069r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
iRhoms are related to a family of intramembrane serine proteinases called rhomboids but lack proteolytic activity. In mammals, there are two iRhoms, iRhom1 and iRhom2, which have similar domain structures and overlapping specificities as well as distinctive functions. These catalytically inactive rhomboids are essential regulators for the maturation and trafficking of the disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM17 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface, and are required for the cleavage and release of a variety of membrane-associated proteins, including the IL-6 receptor, l-selectin, TNF, and EGFR ligands. iRhom2-dependent regulation of ADAM17 function has been recently implicated in the development and progression of several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus nephritis, as well as hemophilic arthropathy. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of iRhom biology, their implications in autoimmune pathologies, and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Priya D Issuree
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Inflammation Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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33
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Lin H, Li S, Shu HB. The Membrane-Associated MARCH E3 Ligase Family: Emerging Roles in Immune Regulation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1751. [PMID: 31404274 PMCID: PMC6669941 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane-associated RING-CH-type finger (MARCH) proteins of E3 ubiquitin ligases have emerged as critical regulators of immune responses. MARCH proteins target immune receptors, viral proteins as well as components in innate immune response for polyubiquitination and degradations via distinct routes. This review summarizes the current progress about MARCH proteins and their regulation on immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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34
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Liuyu T, Yu K, Ye L, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Ren Y, Cai Z, Zhu Q, Lin D, Zhong B. Induction of OTUD4 by viral infection promotes antiviral responses through deubiquitinating and stabilizing MAVS. Cell Res 2018; 29:67-79. [PMID: 30410068 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-018-0107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity and stability of the adapter protein MAVS (also known as VISA, Cardif and IPS-1), which critically mediates cellular antiviral responses, are extensively regulated by ubiquitination. However, the process whereby MAVS is deubiquitinated is unclear. Here, we report that the ovarian tumor family deubiquitinase 4 (OTUD4) targets MAVS for deubiquitination. Viral infection leads to the IRF3/7-dependent upregulation of OTUD4 which interacts with MAVS to remove K48-linked polyubiquitin chains, thereby maintaining MAVS stability and promoting innate antiviral signaling. Knockout or knockdown of OTUD4 impairs RNA virus-triggered activation of IRF3 and NF-κB, expression of their downstream target genes, and potentiates VSV replication in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, Cre-ER Otud4fl/fl or Lyz2-Cre Otud4fl/fl mice produce decreased levels of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines and exhibit increased sensitivity to VSV infection compared to their control littermates. In addition, reconstitution of MAVS into OTUD4-deficient cells restores virus-induced expression of downstream genes and cellular antiviral responses. Together, our findings uncover an essential role of OTUD4 in virus-triggered signaling and contribute to the understanding of deubiquitination-mediated regulation of innate antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzi Liuyu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Keying Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liya Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Man Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yujie Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zeng Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. .,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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35
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The Rhomboid Superfamily: Structural Mechanisms and Chemical Biology Opportunities. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:726-739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Parvatiyar K, Pindado J, Dev A, Aliyari SR, Zaver SA, Gerami H, Chapon M, Ghaffari AA, Dhingra A, Cheng G. A TRAF3-NIK module differentially regulates DNA vs RNA pathways in innate immune signaling. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2770. [PMID: 30018345 PMCID: PMC6050272 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of viral genomes by the innate immune system elicits an antiviral gene program mediated by type I interferons (IFNs). While viral RNA and DNA species induce IFN via separate pathways, the mechanisms by which these pathways are differentially modulated are unknown. Here we show that the positive regulator of IFN in the RNA pathway, TRAF3, has an inhibitory function in the DNA pathway. Loss of TRAF3 coincides with increased expression of the alternative NF-κB-inducing molecule, NIK, which interacts with the DNA pathway adaptor, STING, to enhance IFN induction. Cells lacking NIK display defective IFN activation in the DNA pathway due to impaired STING signaling, and NIK-deficient mice are more susceptible to DNA virus infection. Mechanistically, NIK operates independently from alternative NF-κB signaling components and instead requires autophosphorylation and oligomerization to activate STING. Thus a previously undescribed pathway for NIK exists in activating IFN in the DNA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kislay Parvatiyar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jose Pindado
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Anurupa Dev
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Saba Roghiyh Aliyari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shivam A Zaver
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hoda Gerami
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Maxime Chapon
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Amir A Ghaffari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Anant Dhingra
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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37
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The Solute Carrier Transporter SLC15A3 Participates in Antiviral Innate Immune Responses against Herpes Simplex Virus-1. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5214187. [PMID: 30069489 PMCID: PMC6057324 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5214187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response is the first line defense against viral infections. Novel genes involved in this system are continuing to emerge. SLC15A3, a proton-coupled histidine and di-tripeptide transporter that was previously found in lysosomes, has been reported to inhibit chikungunya viral replication in host cells. In this study, we found that SLC15A3 was significantly induced by DNA virus herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1) in monocytes from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Aside from monocytes, it can also be induced by HSV-1 in 293T, HeLa cells, and HaCaT cells. Overexpression of SLC15A3 in 293T cells inhibits HSV-1 replication and enhances type I and type III interferon (IFN) responses, while silencing SLC15A3 leads to enhanced HSV-1 replication with reduced IFN production. Moreover, we found that SLC15A3 interacted with MAVS and STING and potentiated MAVS- and STING-mediated IFN production. These results demonstrate that SLC15A3 participates in anti-HSV-1 innate immune responses by regulating MAVS- and STING-mediated signaling pathways.
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38
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Chen T, Wang D, Xie T, Xu LG. Sec13 is a positive regulator of VISA-mediated antiviral signaling. Virus Genes 2018; 54:514-526. [PMID: 29948782 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-018-1581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Viral infection triggers the innate antiviral immune response that rapidly produces type I interferons in most cell types to combat viruses invading. Upon viral infection, the cytoplasmic RNA sensors RIG-I/MDA5 recognize viral RNA, and then RIG-I/MDA5 is transported to mitochondria interacting with VISA through the CARD domain. From there, VISA recruits downstream antiviral signaling pathways molecules, such as TRAFs and TBK1. Eventually, IRF3 is phosphorylated and type I IFNs are induced to fight as the first line of defense against viruses. However, it remains unclear how VISA acts as a scaffold to assemble the signalosome in RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling. Here, we demonstrated Sec13 as a novel component that was involved in VISA-mediated antiviral signaling pathway. The co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that Sec13 specifically interacts with VISA. Overexpression of Sec13 increases VISA's aggregation and ubiquitination and significantly enhances the phosphorylation and dimerization of IRF3, facilitating the IFN-β production. Conversely, the knockdown of Sec13 attenuates Sendai virus-induced and VISA-mediated IRF3 activation and the production of IFNβ, thus weakens antiviral immune activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liang-Guo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China.
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39
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Courtois G, Fauvarque MO. The Many Roles of Ubiquitin in NF-κB Signaling. Biomedicines 2018; 6:E43. [PMID: 29642643 PMCID: PMC6027159 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway ubiquitously controls cell growth and survival in basic conditions as well as rapid resetting of cellular functions following environment changes or pathogenic insults. Moreover, its deregulation is frequently observed during cell transformation, chronic inflammation or autoimmunity. Understanding how it is properly regulated therefore is a prerequisite to managing these adverse situations. Over the last years evidence has accumulated showing that ubiquitination is a key process in NF-κB activation and its resolution. Here, we examine the various functions of ubiquitin in NF-κB signaling and more specifically, how it controls signal transduction at the molecular level and impacts in vivo on NF-κB regulated cellular processes.
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