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Fayed B, Shakartalla SB, Sabbah H, Dalle H, Tannira M, Senok A, Soliman SSM. Transcriptome Analysis of Human Dermal Cells Infected with Candida auris Identified Unique Pathogenesis/Defensive Mechanisms Particularly Ferroptosis. Mycopathologia 2024; 189:65. [PMID: 38990436 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-024-00868-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Candida auris is an emerging multi-drug resistant yeast that can cause life-threatening infections. A recent report clarified the ability of C. auris to form a biofilm with enhanced drug resistance properties in the host skin's deep layers. The formed biofilm may initiate further bloodstream spread and immune escape. Therefore, we propose that secreted chemicals from the biofilm may facilitate fungal pathogenesis. In response to this interaction, the host skin may develop potential defensive mechanisms. Comparative transcriptomics was performed on the host dermal cells in response to indirect interaction with C. auris biofilm through Transwell inserts compared to planktonic cells. Furthermore, the effect of antifungals including caspofungin and fluconazole was studied. The obtained data showed that the dermal cells exhibited different transcriptional responses. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Reactome analyses identified potential defensive responses employed by the dermal cells and potential toxicity induced by C. auris. Additionally, our data indicated that the dominating toxic effect was mediated by ferroptosis; which was validated by qRT-PCR, cytotoxicity assay, and flow cytometry. On the other hand, the viability of C. auris biofilm was enhanced and accompanied by upregulation of MDR1, and KRE6 upon interaction with dermal cells; both genes play significant roles in drug resistance and biofilm maturation, respectively. This study for the first-time shed light on the dominating defensive responses of human dermal cells, microbe colonization site, to C. auris biofilm and its toxic effects. Further, it demonstrates how C. auris biofilm responds to the defensive mechanisms developed by the human dermal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarra B Shakartalla
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, P.O.Box. 21111, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Hassan Sabbah
- AbbVie BioPharmaceuticals, P.O. Box 118052, Dubai, UAE
| | - Hala Dalle
- AbbVie BioPharmaceuticals, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Abiola Senok
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Building 14 Dubai Healthcare City, P.O.Box 505055, Dubai, UAE
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE.
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2
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Kaczara P, Czyzynska-Cichon I, Kus E, Kurpinska A, Olkowicz M, Wojnar-Lason K, Pacia MZ, Lytvynenko O, Baes M, Chlopicki S. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells rely on oxidative phosphorylation but avoid processing long-chain fatty acids in their mitochondria. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:67. [PMID: 38724891 PMCID: PMC11084093 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally accepted that endothelial cells (ECs), primarily rely on glycolysis for ATP production, despite having functional mitochondria. However, it is also known that ECs are heterogeneous, and their phenotypic features depend on the vascular bed. Emerging evidence suggests that liver sinusoidal ECs (LSECs), located in the metabolically rich environment of the liver, show high metabolic plasticity. However, the substrate preference for energy metabolism in LSECs remains unclear. METHODS Investigations were conducted in primary murine LSECs in vitro using the Seahorse XF technique for functional bioenergetic assays, untargeted mass spectrometry-based proteomics to analyse the LSEC proteome involved in energy metabolism pathways, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based analysis of acyl-carnitine species and Raman spectroscopy imaging to track intracellular palmitic acid. RESULTS This study comprehensively characterized the energy metabolism of LSECs, which were found to depend on oxidative phosphorylation, efficiently fuelled by glucose-derived pyruvate, short- and medium-chain fatty acids and glutamine. Furthermore, despite its high availability, palmitic acid was not directly oxidized in LSEC mitochondria, as evidenced by the acylcarnitine profile and etomoxir's lack of effect on oxygen consumption. However, together with L-carnitine, palmitic acid supported mitochondrial respiration, which is compatible with the chain-shortening role of peroxisomal β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids before further degradation and energy generation in mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS LSECs show a unique bioenergetic profile of highly metabolically plastic ECs adapted to the liver environment. The functional reliance of LSECs on oxidative phosphorylation, which is not a typical feature of ECs, remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kaczara
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Izabela Czyzynska-Cichon
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta Kus
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurpinska
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariola Olkowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamila Wojnar-Lason
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Z Pacia
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olena Lytvynenko
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Myriam Baes
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
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3
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Zheng D, Li F, Wang S, Liu PS, Xie X. High-content image screening to identify chemical modulators for peroxisome and ferroptosis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:26. [PMID: 38368371 PMCID: PMC10874541 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peroxisome is a dynamic organelle with variety in number, size, shape, and activity in different cell types and physiological states. Recent studies have implicated peroxisomal homeostasis in ferroptosis susceptibility. Here, we developed a U-2OS cell line with a fluorescent peroxisomal tag and screened a target-selective chemical library through high-content imaging analysis. METHODS U-2OS cells stably expressing the mOrange2-Peroxisomes2 tag were generated to screen a target-selective inhibitor library. The nuclear DNA was counterstained with Hoechst 33342 for cell cycle analysis. Cellular images were recorded and quantitatively analyzed through a high-content imaging platform. The effect of selected compounds on ferroptosis induction was analyzed in combination with ferroptosis inducers (RSL3 and erastin). Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to assess the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death events. RESULTS Through the quantification of DNA content and peroxisomal signals in single cells, we demonstrated that peroxisomal abundance was closely linked with cell cycle progression and that peroxisomal biogenesis mainly occurred in the G1/S phase. We further identified compounds that positively and negatively regulated peroxisomal abundance without significantly affecting the cell cycle distribution. Some compounds promoted peroxisomal signals by inducing oxidative stress, while others regulated peroxisomal abundance independent of redox status. Importantly, compounds with peroxisome-enhancing activity potentiated ferroptosis induction. CONCLUSIONS Our findings pinpoint novel cellular targets that might be involved in peroxisome homeostasis and indicate that compounds promoting peroxisomal abundance could be jointly applied with ferroptosis inducers to potentiate anticancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daheng Zheng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Pu-Ste Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang, China.
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Kumar R, Islinger M, Worthy H, Carmichael R, Schrader M. The peroxisome: an update on mysteries 3.0. Histochem Cell Biol 2024; 161:99-132. [PMID: 38244103 PMCID: PMC10822820 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are highly dynamic, oxidative organelles with key metabolic functions in cellular lipid metabolism, such as the β-oxidation of fatty acids and the synthesis of myelin sheath lipids, as well as the regulation of cellular redox balance. Loss of peroxisomal functions causes severe metabolic disorders in humans. Furthermore, peroxisomes also fulfil protective roles in pathogen and viral defence and immunity, highlighting their wider significance in human health and disease. This has sparked increasing interest in peroxisome biology and their physiological functions. This review presents an update and a continuation of three previous review articles addressing the unsolved mysteries of this remarkable organelle. We continue to highlight recent discoveries, advancements, and trends in peroxisome research, and address novel findings on the metabolic functions of peroxisomes, their biogenesis, protein import, membrane dynamics and division, as well as on peroxisome-organelle membrane contact sites and organelle cooperation. Furthermore, recent insights into peroxisome organisation through super-resolution microscopy are discussed. Finally, we address new roles for peroxisomes in immune and defence mechanisms and in human disorders, and for peroxisomal functions in different cell/tissue types, in particular their contribution to organ-specific pathologies.
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Grants
- BB/W015420/1, BB/V018167/1, BB/T002255/1, BB/R016844/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BB/W015420/1, BB/V018167/1, BB/T002255/1, BB/R016844/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BB/W015420/1, BB/V018167/1, BB/T002255/1, BB/R016844/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung
- German Research Foundation
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg
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Affiliation(s)
- Rechal Kumar
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Markus Islinger
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Centre for Translational Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harley Worthy
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Ruth Carmichael
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Michael Schrader
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
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Tawbeh A, Raas Q, Tahri-Joutey M, Keime C, Kaiser R, Trompier D, Nasser B, Bellanger E, Dessard M, Hamon Y, Benani A, Di Cara F, Cunha Alves T, Berger J, Weinhofer I, Mandard S, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Andreoletti P, Gondcaille C, Savary S. Immune response of BV-2 microglial cells is impacted by peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1299314. [PMID: 38164407 PMCID: PMC10757945 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1299314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are crucial for brain homeostasis, and dysfunction of these cells is a key driver in most neurodegenerative diseases, including peroxisomal leukodystrophies. In X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), a neuroinflammatory disorder, very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) accumulation due to impaired degradation within peroxisomes results in microglial defects, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of key genes in peroxisomal VLCFA breakdown (Abcd1, Abcd2, and Acox1), we recently established easily accessible microglial BV-2 cell models to study the impact of dysfunctional peroxisomal β-oxidation and revealed a disease-associated microglial-like signature in these cell lines. Transcriptomic analysis suggested consequences on the immune response. To clarify how impaired lipid degradation impacts the immune function of microglia, we here used RNA-sequencing and functional assays related to the immune response to compare wild-type and mutant BV-2 cell lines under basal conditions and upon pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation. A majority of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, as well as genes involved in phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and co-stimulation of T lymphocytes, were found differentially overexpressed. The transcriptomic alterations were reflected by altered phagocytic capacity, inflammasome activation, increased release of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF, and upregulated response of T lymphocytes primed by mutant BV-2 cells presenting peptides. Together, the present study shows that peroxisomal β-oxidation defects resulting in lipid alterations, including VLCFA accumulation, directly reprogram the main cellular functions of microglia. The elucidation of this link between lipid metabolism and the immune response of microglia will help to better understand the pathogenesis of peroxisomal leukodystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tawbeh
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Quentin Raas
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Mounia Tahri-Joutey
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Céline Keime
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Romain Kaiser
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Emma Bellanger
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Dessard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Yannick Hamon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tânia Cunha Alves
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Berger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabelle Weinhofer
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stéphane Mandard
- LipSTIC LabEx, University of Bourgogne, INSERM LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Stéphane Savary
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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Pellegrino E, Aylan B, Bussi C, Fearns A, Bernard EM, Athanasiadi N, Santucci P, Botella L, Gutierrez MG. Peroxisomal ROS control cytosolic Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human macrophages. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202303066. [PMID: 37737955 PMCID: PMC10515436 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202303066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are organelles involved in many metabolic processes including lipid metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) turnover, and antimicrobial immune responses. However, the cellular mechanisms by which peroxisomes contribute to bacterial elimination in macrophages remain elusive. Here, we investigated peroxisome function in iPSC-derived human macrophages (iPSDM) during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). We discovered that Mtb-triggered peroxisome biogenesis requires the ESX-1 type 7 secretion system, critical for cytosolic access. iPSDM lacking peroxisomes were permissive to Mtb wild-type (WT) replication but were able to restrict an Mtb mutant missing functional ESX-1, suggesting a role for peroxisomes in the control of cytosolic but not phagosomal Mtb. Using genetically encoded localization-dependent ROS probes, we found peroxisomes increased ROS levels during Mtb WT infection. Thus, human macrophages respond to the infection by increasing peroxisomes that generate ROS primarily to restrict cytosolic Mtb. Our data uncover a peroxisome-controlled, ROS-mediated mechanism that contributes to the restriction of cytosolic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Pellegrino
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Beren Aylan
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Claudio Bussi
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Antony Fearns
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Elliott M. Bernard
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Natalia Athanasiadi
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Pierre Santucci
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Laure Botella
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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7
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Ferru-Clément R, Boucher G, Forest A, Bouchard B, Bitton A, Lesage S, Schumm P, Lazarev M, Brant S, Duerr RH, McGovern DPB, Silverberg M, Cho JH, Ananthakrishnan A, Xavier RJ, Rioux JD, Des Rosiers C. Serum Lipidomic Screen Identifies Key Metabolites, Pathways, and Disease Classifiers in Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1024-1037. [PMID: 36662167 PMCID: PMC10320374 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an unmet medical need for biomarkers that capture host and environmental contributions in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). This study aimed at testing the potential of circulating lipids as disease classifiers given their major roles in inflammation. METHODS We applied a previously validated comprehensive high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted lipidomic workflow covering 25 lipid subclasses to serum samples from 100 Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 100 matched control subjects. Findings were replicated and expanded in another 200 CD patients and 200 control subjects. Key metabolites were tested for associations with disease behavior and location, and classification models were built and validated. Their association with disease activity was tested using an independent cohort of 42 CD patients. RESULTS We identified >70 metabolites with strong association (P < 1 × 10-4, q < 5 × 10-4) to CD. Highly performing classification models (area under the curve > 0.84-0.97) could be built with as few as 5 to 9 different metabolites, representing 6 major correlated lipid clusters. These classifiers included a phosphatidylethanolamine ether (O-16:0/20:4), a sphingomyelin (d18:1/21:0) and a cholesterol ester (14:1), a very long-chain dicarboxylic acid [28:1(OH)] and sitosterol sulfate. These classifiers and correlated lipids indicate a dysregulated metabolism in host cells, notably in peroxisomes, as well as dysbiosis, oxidative stress, compromised inflammation resolution, or intestinal membrane integrity. A subset of these were associated with disease behavior or location. CONCLUSIONS Untargeted lipidomic analyses uncovered perturbations in the circulating human CD lipidome, likely resulting from multiple pathogenic mechanisms. Models using as few as 5 biomarkers had strong disease classifier characteristics, supporting their potential use in diagnosis or prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Ferru-Clément
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire Histocompatibilité et Immunogénétique, Établissement français du sang–Nouvelle-Aquitaine, site de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Anik Forest
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alain Bitton
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Phil Schumm
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark Lazarev
- Harvey M. and Lyn P. Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steve Brant
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Richard H Duerr
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Silverberg
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Judy H Cho
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ashwin Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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8
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Wang G, Wang X, Song J, Wang H, Ruan C, Zhang W, Guo Z, Li W, Guo W. Cotton peroxisome-localized lysophospholipase counteracts the toxic effects of Verticillium dahliae NLP1 and confers wilt resistance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37026387 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane represents a critical battleground between plants and attacking microbes. Necrosis-and-ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins (NLPs), cytolytic toxins produced by some bacterial, fungal and oomycete species, are able to target on lipid membranes by binding eudicot plant-specific sphingolipids (glycosylinositol phosphorylceramide) and form transient small pores, causing membrane leakage and subsequent cell death. NLP-producing phytopathogens are a big threat to agriculture worldwide. However, whether there are R proteins/enzymes that counteract the toxicity of NLPs in plants remains largely unknown. Here we show that cotton produces a peroxisome-localized enzyme lysophospholipase, GhLPL2. Upon Verticillium dahliae attack, GhLPL2 accumulates on the membrane and binds to V. dahliae secreted NLP, VdNLP1, to block its contribution to virulence. A higher level of lysophospholipase in cells is required to neutralize VdNLP1 toxicity and induce immunity-related genes expression, meanwhile maintaining normal growth of cotton plants, revealing the role of GhLPL2 protein in balancing resistance to V. dahliae and growth. Intriguingly, GhLPL2 silencing cotton plants also display high resistance to V. dahliae, but show severe dwarfing phenotype and developmental defects, suggesting GhLPL2 is an essential gene in cotton. GhLPL2 silencing results in lysophosphatidylinositol over-accumulation and decreased glycometabolism, leading to a lack of carbon sources required for plants and pathogens to survive. Furthermore, lysophospholipases from several other crops also interact with VdNLP1, implying that blocking NLP virulence by lysophospholipase may be a common strategy in plants. Our work demonstrates that overexpressing lysophospholipase encoding genes have great potential for breeding crops with high resistance against NLP-producing microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haitang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chaofeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenshu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Weixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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9
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Makdissi S, Parsons BD, Di Cara F. Towards early detection of neurodegenerative diseases: A gut feeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1087091. [PMID: 36824371 PMCID: PMC9941184 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1087091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract communicates with the nervous system through a bidirectional network of signaling pathways called the gut-brain axis, which consists of multiple connections, including the enteric nervous system, the vagus nerve, the immune system, endocrine signals, the microbiota, and its metabolites. Alteration of communications in the gut-brain axis is emerging as an overlooked cause of neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a common feature of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) that are incurable and debilitating conditions resulting in progressive degeneration and death of neurons, such as in Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. NDs are a leading cause of global death and disability, and the incidences are expected to increase in the following decades if prevention strategies and successful treatment remain elusive. To date, the etiology of NDs is unclear due to the complexity of the mechanisms of diseases involving genetic and environmental factors, including diet and microbiota. Emerging evidence suggests that changes in diet, alteration of the microbiota, and deregulation of metabolism in the intestinal epithelium influence the inflammatory status of the neurons linked to disease insurgence and progression. This review will describe the leading players of the so-called diet-microbiota-gut-brain (DMGB) axis in the context of NDs. We will report recent findings from studies in model organisms such as rodents and fruit flies that support the role of diets, commensals, and intestinal epithelial functions as an overlooked primary regulator of brain health. We will finish discussing the pivotal role of metabolisms of cellular organelles such as mitochondria and peroxisomes in maintaining the DMGB axis and how alteration of the latter can be used as early disease makers and novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Makdissi
- Dalhousie University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Halifax, NS, Canada
- IWK Health Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Halifax, Canada
| | - Brendon D. Parsons
- Dalhousie University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Francesca Di Cara
- Dalhousie University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Halifax, NS, Canada
- IWK Health Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Halifax, Canada
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10
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Chairta PP, Nicolaou P, Christodoulou K. Enrichr in silico analysis of MS-based extracted candidate proteomic biomarkers highlights pathogenic pathways in systemic sclerosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1934. [PMID: 36732374 PMCID: PMC9894849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rheumatic disease characterised by vasculopathy, inflammation and fibrosis. Its aetiopathogenesis is still unknown, and the pathways/mechanisms of the disease are not clarified. This study aimed to perform in silico analysis of the already Mass Spectrometry (MS)-based discovered biomarkers of SSc to extract possible pathways/mechanisms implicated in the disease. We recorded all published candidate MS-based found biomarkers related to SSc. We then selected a number of the candidate biomarkers using specific criteria and performed pathway and cellular component analyses using Enrichr. We used PANTHER and STRING to assess the biological processes and the interactions of the recorded proteins, respectively. Pathway analysis extracted several pathways that are associated with the three different stages of SSc pathogenesis. Some of these pathways are also related to other diseases, including autoimmune diseases. We observe that these biomarkers are located in several cellular components and implicated in many biological processes. STRING analysis showed that some proteins interact, creating significant clusters, while others do not display any evidence of an interaction. All these data highlight the complexity of SSc, and further investigation of the extracted pathways/biological processes and interactions may help study the disease from a different angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi P Chairta
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Paschalis Nicolaou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kyproula Christodoulou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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11
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Behera A, Biswas M, Ergün S, Karnati S, Sonawane A. Detection of Peroxisomal Proteins During Mycobacterial Infection. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2643:123-134. [PMID: 36952182 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3048-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles with essential roles in lipid and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. They are involved in modulating the immune responses during microbial infection, thus having major impact on several bacterial and viral infectious diseases including tuberculosis. Intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) employ various strategies to suppress the host oxidative stress mechanisms to avoid killing by the host. Peroxisome-mediated ROS balance is crucial for innate immune responses to M. tb. Therefore, peroxisomes represent promising targets for host-directed therapeutics to tuberculosis. Here, we present protocols used in our laboratory for the culture of M. tb and detection of peroxisomal proteins in M. tb infected macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananyaashree Behera
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mainak Biswas
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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12
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Di Cara F, Savary S, Kovacs WJ, Kim P, Rachubinski RA. The peroxisome: an up-and-coming organelle in immunometabolism. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:70-86. [PMID: 35788297 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are essential metabolic organelles, well known for their roles in the metabolism of complex lipids and reactive ionic species. In the past 10 years, peroxisomes have also been cast as central regulators of immunity. Lipid metabolites of peroxisomes, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are precursors for important immune mediators, including leukotrienes (LTs) and resolvins. Peroxisomal redox metabolism modulates cellular immune signaling such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation. Additionally, peroxisomal β-oxidation and ether lipid synthesis control the development and aspects of the activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells. Finally, peroxisome number and metabolic activity have been linked to inflammatory diseases. These discoveries have opened avenues of investigation aimed at targeting peroxisomes for therapeutic intervention in immune disorders, inflammation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Cara
- Dalhousie University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada.
| | - Stéphane Savary
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Werner J Kovacs
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Kim
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
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13
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Raas Q, Tawbeh A, Tahri-Joutey M, Gondcaille C, Keime C, Kaiser R, Trompier D, Nasser B, Leoni V, Bellanger E, Boussand M, Hamon Y, Benani A, Di Cara F, Truntzer C, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Andreoletti P, Savary S. Peroxisomal defects in microglial cells induce a disease-associated microglial signature. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1170313. [PMID: 37138705 PMCID: PMC10149961 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1170313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells ensure essential roles in brain homeostasis. In pathological condition, microglia adopt a common signature, called disease-associated microglial (DAM) signature, characterized by the loss of homeostatic genes and the induction of disease-associated genes. In X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), the most common peroxisomal disease, microglial defect has been shown to precede myelin degradation and may actively contribute to the neurodegenerative process. We previously established BV-2 microglial cell models bearing mutations in peroxisomal genes that recapitulate some of the hallmarks of the peroxisomal β-oxidation defects such as very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) accumulation. In these cell lines, we used RNA-sequencing and identified large-scale reprogramming for genes involved in lipid metabolism, immune response, cell signaling, lysosome and autophagy, as well as a DAM-like signature. We highlighted cholesterol accumulation in plasma membranes and observed autophagy patterns in the cell mutants. We confirmed the upregulation or downregulation at the protein level for a few selected genes that mostly corroborated our observations and clearly demonstrated increased expression and secretion of DAM proteins in the BV-2 mutant cells. In conclusion, the peroxisomal defects in microglial cells not only impact on VLCFA metabolism but also force microglial cells to adopt a pathological phenotype likely representing a key contributor to the pathogenesis of peroxisomal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Raas
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Ali Tawbeh
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Mounia Tahri-Joutey
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | | | - Céline Keime
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Romain Kaiser
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Valerio Leoni
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of Desio, ASST-Brianza and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Emma Bellanger
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Maud Boussand
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Yannick Hamon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Caroline Truntzer
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center–Unicancer, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Stéphane Savary
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- *Correspondence: Stéphane Savary,
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14
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Indari O, Rani A, Baral B, Ergün S, Bala K, Karnati S, Jha HC. Modulation of peroxisomal compartment by Epstein-Barr virus. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105946. [PMID: 36526038 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viruses utilize clever strategies of interacting with various cellular factors, to remodel an organelle function, for the establishment of successful infection. In recent decades, numerous studies revealed the exploitation of the peroxisomal compartment by viruses. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous virus linked with various cancers and neurological disorders. Till now, there is no report regarding the impacts of EBV infection on peroxisomal compartment. Therefore, we investigate the modulation of peroxisomal proteins in EBV transformed cell lines and during acute EBV infection. EBV positive Burkitt lymphoma cells of different origins as EBV transformed cells along with EBV negative Burkitt lymphoma cells as a control were used in this study. For acute EBV infection experiments, we infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells with EBV for three days. Thereafter, analyzed the gene expression patterns of peroxisomal proteins using qPCR. In addition, quantification of lipid content was performed by using fluorescence microscopy and biochemical assay. Our results revealed that, the peroxisomal proteins were distinctly regulated in EBV transformed cells and during acute EBV infection. Interestingly, PEX19 was significantly upregulated in EBV infected cells. Further, in correlation with the altered expression of peroxisomes proteins involved in lipid metabolism, the EBV transformed cells showed lower lipid abundance. Conversely, the lipid levels were increased during acute EBV infection. Our study highlights the importance of investigating the manipulation of the peroxisomal compartment by putting forward various differentially expressed proteins upon EBV infection. This study provides a base for further investigation to delve deeper into EBV and peroxisomal interactions. The future research in this direction could provide involvement of novel signaling pathways to understand molecular changes during EBV mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Indari
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Annu Rani
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Budhadev Baral
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Kiran Bala
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, 97070, Germany.
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India.
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15
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Bittner E, Stehlik T, Freitag J. Sharing the wealth: The versatility of proteins targeted to peroxisomes and other organelles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:934331. [PMID: 36225313 PMCID: PMC9549241 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.934331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles with critical functions in cellular energy and lipid metabolism. Depending on the organism, cell type, and developmental stage, they are involved in numerous other metabolic and regulatory pathways. Many peroxisomal functions require factors also relevant to other cellular compartments. Here, we review proteins shared by peroxisomes and at least one different site within the cell. We discuss the mechanisms to achieve dual targeting, their regulation, and functional consequences. Characterization of dual targeting is fundamental to understand how peroxisomes are integrated into the metabolic and regulatory circuits of eukaryotic cells.
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16
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Meghnem D, Leong E, Pinelli M, Marshall JS, Di Cara F. Peroxisomes Regulate Cellular Free Fatty Acids to Modulate Mast Cell TLR2, TLR4, and IgE-Mediated Activation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:856243. [PMID: 35756999 PMCID: PMC9215104 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.856243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are specialized, tissue resident, immune effector cells able to respond to a wide range of stimuli. MCs are involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological functions, including vasodilation, angiogenesis and pathogen elimination. In addition, MCs recruit and regulate the functions of many immune cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, T cells, B cells and eosinophils through their selective production of multiple cytokines and chemokines. MCs generate and release multi-potent molecules, such as histamine, proteases, prostanoids, leukotrienes, heparin, and many cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors through both degranulation dependent and independent pathways. Recent studies suggested that metabolic shifts dictate the activation and granule content secretion by MCs, however the metabolic signaling promoting these events is at its infancy. Lipid metabolism is recognized as a pivotal immunometabolic regulator during immune cell activation. Peroxisomes are organelles found across all eukaryotes, with a pivotal role in lipid metabolism and the detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Peroxisomes are one of the emerging axes in immunometabolism. Here we identified the peroxisome as an essential player in MCs activation. We determined that lack of functional peroxisomes in murine MCs causes a significant reduction of interleukin-6, Tumor necrosis factor and InterleukinL-13 following immunoglobulin IgE-mediated and Toll like receptor 2 and 4 activation compared to the Wild type (WT) BMMCs. We linked these defects in cytokine release to defects in free fatty acids homeostasis. In conclusion, our study identified the importance of peroxisomal fatty acids homeostasis in regulating mast cell-mediated immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihia Meghnem
- Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Nova Scotia Health Authority IWK, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Edwin Leong
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Marinella Pinelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Nova Scotia Health Authority IWK, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean S. Marshall
- Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jean S. Marshall, ; Francesca Di Cara,
| | - Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Pediatrics, Nova Scotia Health Authority IWK, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jean S. Marshall, ; Francesca Di Cara,
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17
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Acetyltransferase Suppresses Oxidative Stress by Inducing Peroxisome Formation in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052584. [PMID: 35269727 PMCID: PMC8909987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) inhibits host oxidative stress responses facilitating its survival in macrophages; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we identified a Mtb acetyltransferase (Rv3034c) as a novel counter actor of macrophage oxidative stress responses by inducing peroxisome formation. An inducible Rv3034c deletion mutant of Mtb failed to induce peroxisome biogenesis, expression of the peroxisomal β-oxidation pathway intermediates (ACOX1, ACAA1, MFP2) in macrophages, resulting in reduced intracellular survival compared to the parental strain. This reduced virulence phenotype was rescued by repletion of Rv3034c. Peroxisome induction depended on the interaction between Rv3034c and the macrophage mannose receptor (MR). Interaction between Rv3034c and MR induced expression of the peroxisomal biogenesis proteins PEX5p, PEX13p, PEX14p, PEX11β, PEX19p, the peroxisomal membrane lipid transporter ABCD3, and catalase. Expression of PEX14p and ABCD3 was also enhanced in lungs from Mtb aerosol-infected mice. This is the first report that peroxisome-mediated control of ROS balance is essential for innate immune responses to Mtb but can be counteracted by the mycobacterial acetyltransferase Rv3034c. Thus, peroxisomes represent interesting targets for host-directed therapeutics to tuberculosis.
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18
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Ghosh AJ, Hobbs BD, Moll M, Saferali A, Boueiz A, Yun JH, Sciurba F, Barwick L, Limper AH, Flaherty K, Criner G, Brown KK, Wise R, Martinez FJ, Lomas D, Castaldi PJ, Carey VJ, DeMeo DL, Cho MH, Silverman EK, Hersh CP. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin MZ Heterozygosity Is an Endotype of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:313-323. [PMID: 34762809 PMCID: PMC8886988 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202106-1404oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Multiple studies have demonstrated an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in heterozygous carriers of the AAT (alpha-1 antitrypsin) Z allele. However, it is not known if MZ subjects with COPD are phenotypically different from noncarriers (MM genotype) with COPD. Objectives: To assess if MZ subjects with COPD have different clinical features compared with MM subjects with COPD. Methods: Genotypes of SERPINA1 were ascertained by using whole-genome sequencing data in three independent studies. We compared outcomes between MM subjects with COPD and MZ subjects with COPD in each study and combined the results in a meta-analysis. We performed longitudinal and survival analyses to compare outcomes in MM and MZ subjects with COPD over time. Measurements and Main Results: We included 290 MZ subjects with COPD and 6,184 MM subjects with COPD across the three studies. MZ subjects had a lower FEV1% predicted and greater quantitative emphysema on chest computed tomography scans compared with MM subjects. In a meta-analysis, the FEV1 was 3.9% lower (95% confidence interval [CI], -6.55% to -1.26%) and emphysema (the percentage of lung attenuation areas <-950 HU) was 4.14% greater (95% CI, 1.44% to 6.84%) in MZ subjects. We found one gene, PGF (placental growth factor), to be differentially expressed in lung tissue from one study between MZ subjects and MM subjects. Conclusions: Carriers of the AAT Z allele (those who were MZ heterozygous) with COPD had lower lung function and more emphysema than MM subjects with COPD. Taken with the subtle differences in gene expression between the two groups, our findings suggest that MZ subjects represent an endotype of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auyon J. Ghosh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew Moll
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Adel Boueiz
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeong H. Yun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Andrew H. Limper
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin Flaherty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gerard Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin K. Brown
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Robert Wise
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fernando J. Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - David Lomas
- University College London Respiratory Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vincent J. Carey
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Craig P. Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
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19
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Fazi C, Lodi L, Magi L, Canessa C, Giovannini M, Pelosi C, Pochiero F, Procopio E, Donati MA, Azzari C, Ricci S. Case Report: Zellweger Syndrome and Humoral Immunodeficiency: The Relevance of Newborn Screening for Primary Immunodeficiency. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:852943. [PMID: 35402347 PMCID: PMC8990230 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.852943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zellweger syndrome (ZS) is a congenital autosomal recessive disease within the spectrum of peroxisome biogenesis disorders, characterized by the impairment of peroxisome assembly. The presence of peroxisome enzyme deficiencies leads to complex developmental sequelae, progressive disabilities, and multiorgan damage, due to intracellular accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of an infant affected by ZS in which agammaglobulinemia, detected through neonatal screening of congenital immunodeficiencies, appeared as a peculiar trait standing out among all the other classical characteristics of the syndrome. The exome analysis through next-generation sequencing (NGS), which had previously confirmed the diagnostic suspicion of ZS, was repeated, but no mutations causative of inborn error of immunity (humoral defect) were detected. CONCLUSION In this case, no genetic variants accountable for the abovementioned agammaglobulinemia were detected. Given that the scientific literature reports the involvement of peroxisomes in the activation of Nuclear Factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway, which is crucial for B-cell survival, with this work, we hypothesize the existence of a link between ZS and humoral immunodeficiencies. Further studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fazi
- Pediatric Immunology Division, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - L Lodi
- Pediatric Immunology Division, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L Magi
- Neonatology Division, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | - C Canessa
- Pediatric Immunology Division, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - M Giovannini
- Pediatric Allergy Division, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - C Pelosi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F Pochiero
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - E Procopio
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - M A Donati
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - C Azzari
- Pediatric Immunology Division, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S Ricci
- Pediatric Immunology Division, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Palma JM. Nitric Oxide (NO) Scaffolds the Peroxisomal Protein-Protein Interaction Network in Higher Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2444. [PMID: 33671021 PMCID: PMC7957770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome is a single-membrane subcellular compartment present in almost all eukaryotic cells from simple protists and fungi to complex organisms such as higher plants and animals. Historically, the name of the peroxisome came from a subcellular structure that contained high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the antioxidant enzyme catalase, which indicated that this organelle had basically an oxidative metabolism. During the last 20 years, it has been shown that plant peroxisomes also contain nitric oxide (NO), a radical molecule than leads to a family of derived molecules designated as reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These reactive species can mediate post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, such as S-nitrosation and tyrosine nitration, thus affecting their function. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how NO could affect peroxisomal metabolism and its internal protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Remarkably, many of the identified NO-target proteins in plant peroxisomes are involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), either in its generation or its scavenging. Therefore, it is proposed that NO is a molecule with signaling properties with the capacity to modulate the peroxisomal protein-protein network and consequently the peroxisomal functions, especially under adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Corpas
- Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture Group, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain; (S.G.-G.); (J.M.P.)
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