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Komaru Y, Bai YZ, Kreisel D, Herrlich A. Interorgan communication networks in the kidney-lung axis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:120-136. [PMID: 37667081 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis and health of an organism depend on the coordinated interaction of specialized organs, which is regulated by interorgan communication networks of circulating soluble molecules and neuronal connections. Many diseases that seemingly affect one primary organ are really multiorgan diseases, with substantial secondary remote organ complications that underlie a large part of their morbidity and mortality. Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs in critically ill patients with multiorgan failure and is associated with high mortality, particularly when it occurs together with respiratory failure. Inflammatory lung lesions in patients with kidney failure that could be distinguished from pulmonary oedema due to volume overload were first reported in the 1930s, but have been largely overlooked in clinical settings. A series of studies over the past two decades have elucidated acute and chronic kidney-lung and lung-kidney interorgan communication networks involving various circulating inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, metabolites, uraemic toxins, immune cells and neuro-immune pathways. Further investigations are warranted to understand these clinical entities of high morbidity and mortality, and to develop effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Komaru
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yun Zhu Bai
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andreas Herrlich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- VA Saint Louis Health Care System, John Cochran Division, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Wohnhaas CT, Baßler K, Watson CK, Shen Y, Leparc GG, Tilp C, Heinemann F, Kind D, Stierstorfer B, Delić D, Brunner T, Gantner F, Schultze JL, Viollet C, Baum P. Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages are key drivers of smoke-induced lung inflammation and tissue remodeling. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325090. [PMID: 38348034 PMCID: PMC10859862 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a leading risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), that is characterized by chronic lung inflammation, tissue remodeling and emphysema. Although inflammation is critical to COPD pathogenesis, the cellular and molecular basis underlying smoking-induced lung inflammation and pathology remains unclear. Using murine smoke models and single-cell RNA-sequencing, we show that smoking establishes a self-amplifying inflammatory loop characterized by an influx of molecularly heterogeneous neutrophil subsets and excessive recruitment of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (MoAM). In contrast to tissue-resident AM, MoAM are absent in homeostasis and characterized by a pro-inflammatory gene signature. Moreover, MoAM represent 46% of AM in emphysematous mice and express markers causally linked to emphysema. We also demonstrate the presence of pro-inflammatory and tissue remodeling associated MoAM orthologs in humans that are significantly increased in emphysematous COPD patients. Inhibition of the IRAK4 kinase depletes a rare inflammatory neutrophil subset, diminishes MoAM recruitment, and alleviates inflammation in the lung of cigarette smoke-exposed mice. This study extends our understanding of the molecular signaling circuits and cellular dynamics in smoking-induced lung inflammation and pathology, highlights the functional consequence of monocyte and neutrophil recruitment, identifies MoAM as key drivers of the inflammatory process, and supports their contribution to pathological tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian T. Wohnhaas
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Kevin Baßler
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carolin K. Watson
- Immunology & Respiratory Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Yang Shen
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Germán G. Leparc
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Cornelia Tilp
- Immunology & Respiratory Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Fabian Heinemann
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - David Kind
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Birgit Stierstorfer
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Denis Delić
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Florian Gantner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, C. H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Joachim L. Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Coralie Viollet
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Patrick Baum
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
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Barkas GI, Kotsiou OS. The Role of Osteopontin in Respiratory Health and Disease. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1259. [PMID: 37623509 PMCID: PMC10455105 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological functions of osteopontin (OPN) are diverse and specific to physiological and pathophysiological conditions implicated in inflammation, biomineralization, cardiovascular diseases, cellular viability, cancer, diabetes, and renal stone disease. We aimed to present the role of OPN in respiratory health and disease. OPN influences the immune system and is a chemo-attractive protein correlated with respiratory disease severity. There is evidence that OPN can advance the disease stage associated with its fibrotic, inflammatory, and immune functions. OPN contributes to eosinophilic airway inflammation. OPN can destroy the lung parenchyma through its neutrophil influx and fibrotic mechanisms, linking OPN to at least one of the two major chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes. Respiratory diseases that involve irreversible lung scarring, such as idiopathic pulmonary disease, are linked to OPN, with protein levels being overexpressed in individuals with severe or advanced stages of the disorders and considerably lower levels in those with less severe symptoms. OPN plays a significant role in lung cancer progression and metastasis. It is also implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, coronavirus disease 2019, and granuloma generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios I. Barkas
- Department of Human Pathophysiology, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ourania S. Kotsiou
- Department of Human Pathophysiology, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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Xenotopic expression of alternative oxidase (AOX) to study mechanisms of mitochondrial disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148947. [PMID: 36481273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial respiratory chain or electron transport chain (ETC) facilitates redox reactions which ultimately lead to the reduction of oxygen to water (respiration). Energy released by this process is used to establish a proton electrochemical gradient which drives ATP formation (oxidative phosphorylation, OXPHOS). It also plays an important role in vital processes beyond ATP formation and cellular metabolism, such as heat production, redox and ion homeostasis. Dysfunction of the ETC can thus impair cellular and organismal viability and is thought to be the underlying cause of a heterogeneous group of so-called mitochondrial diseases. Plants, yeasts, and many lower organisms, but not insects and vertebrates, possess an enzymatic mechanism that confers resistance to respiratory stress conditions, i.e., the alternative oxidase (AOX). Even in cells that naturally lack AOX, it is autonomously imported into the mitochondrial compartment upon xenotopic expression, where it refolds and becomes catalytically engaged when the cytochrome segment of the ETC is blocked. AOX was therefore proposed as a tool to study disease etiologies. To this end, AOX has been xenotopically expressed in mammalian cells and disease models of the fruit fly and mouse. Surprisingly, AOX showed remarkable rescue effects in some cases, whilst in others it had no effect or even exacerbated a condition. Here we summarize what has been learnt from the use of AOX in various disease models and discuss issues which still need to be addressed in order to understand the role of the ETC in health and disease.
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Vanfleteren LE, Weidner J, Franssen FM, Gaffron S, Reynaert NL, Wouters EF, Spruit MA. Biomarker-based clustering of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00301-2022. [PMID: 36755966 PMCID: PMC9900445 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00301-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale COPD has been associated repeatedly with single biomarkers of systemic inflammation, ignoring the complexity of inflammatory pathways. This study aimed to cluster patients with COPD based on systemic markers of inflammatory processes and to evaluate differences in their clinical characterisation and examine how these differences may relate to altered biological pathways. Methods 213 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD in a clinically stable state were recruited and clinically characterised, which included a venous blood sample for analysis of serum biomarkers. Patients were clustered based on the overall similarity in systemic levels of 57 different biomarkers. To determine interactions among the regulated biomarkers, protein networks and biological pathways were examined for each patient cluster. Results Four clusters were identified: two clusters with lower biomarker levels (I and II) and two clusters with higher biomarker levels (III and IV), with only a small number of biomarkers with similar trends in expression. Pathway analysis indicated that three of the four clusters were enriched in Rage (receptor for advanced glycation end-products) and Oncostatin M pathway components. Although the degree of airflow limitation was similar, the clinical characterisation of clusters ranged from 1) better functional capacity and health status and fewer comorbidities; 2) more underweight, osteoporosis and static hyperinflation; 3) more metabolically deranged; and 4) older subjects with worse functional capacity and higher comorbidity load. Conclusions These new insights may help to understand the functionally relevant inflammatory interactions in the pathophysiology of COPD as a heterogeneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lowie E.G.W. Vanfleteren
- COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Corresponding author: Lowie Vanfleteren ()
| | - Julie Weidner
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frits M.E. Franssen
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO+, Horn, The Netherlands,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Niki L. Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F.M. Wouters
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO+, Horn, The Netherlands,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martijn A. Spruit
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO+, Horn, The Netherlands,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Choudhary A, Rawat U, Kumar P, Mittal P. Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin. Egypt Heart J 2023; 75:1. [PMID: 36602642 PMCID: PMC9816367 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-023-00327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apart from reducing the circulating LDL-c and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as fatalities, statins have auxiliary non-lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. The aim of the present review is to understand the pleotropic effects of statins. MAIN BODY Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is presently the major cause of patient misery as well as mortality among non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the world. Despite the fact that statins are the most extensively affirmed, prescribed and evidence-based lipid-lowering medicine worldwide that curtail low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as deaths, statins also elicit auxiliary non-lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. Improved endothelial function, significantly lowered oxidative stress, atherosclerotic plaque stabilization, immunomodulatory, cessation of vascular smooth muscle proliferation, effects on bone metabolism, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic effects, and reduced risk of dementia are among these pleotropic effects. Statins have also been explored for its uses in life threatening diseases like cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. They have been demonstrated to revamp vascular tone. Many research and review articles have been thoroughly studied for this systematic review. CONCLUSIONS Statins have not only shown to be benefitial in lowering the levels of LDL-C but have also been established to be advantageous in the treatment of cancer, neurological conditions like dementia, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease. Future high-quality trials are needed to include statins in the treatment of these conditions as per guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Choudhary
- grid.449731.c0000 0004 4670 6826Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Ujjawal Rawat
- grid.449731.c0000 0004 4670 6826Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Piyush Kumar
- grid.449731.c0000 0004 4670 6826Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Piyush Mittal
- grid.449731.c0000 0004 4670 6826Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
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7
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Tanner L, Bergwik J, Bhongir RKV, Puthia M, Lång P, Ali MN, Welinder C, Önnerfjord P, Erjefält JS, Palmberg L, Andersson G, Egesten A. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5 (TRAP5) mediates immune cell recruitment in a murine model of pulmonary bacterial infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1079775. [PMID: 36569898 PMCID: PMC9779928 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction During airway infection, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and subsequent immune cell recruitment is essential to mitigate bacterial infection. Conversely, during prolonged and non-resolving airway inflammation, neutrophils contribute to tissue damage and remodeling. This occurs during diseases including cystic fibrosis (CF) and COPD where bacterial pathogens, not least Pseudomonas aeruginosa, contribute to disease progression through long-lasting infections. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 5 is a metalloenzyme expressed by alveolar macrophages and one of its target substrates is the phosphoglycoprotein osteopontin (OPN). Methods We used a knockout mouse strain (Trap5-/-) and BALB/c-Tg (Rela-luc)31Xen mice paired with siRNA administration or functional protein add-back to elucidate the role of Trap5 during bacterial infection. In a series of experiments, Trap5-/- and wild-type control mice received intratracheal administration of P.aerugniosa (Xen41) or LPS, with mice monitored using intravital imaging (IVIS). In addition, multiplex cytokine immunoassays, flow cytometry, multispectral analyses, histological staining were performed. Results In this study, we found that Trap5-/- mice had impaired clearance of P. aeruginosa airway infection and reduced recruitment of immune cells (i.e. neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages). Trap5 knockdown using siRNA resulted in a decreased activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in reporter mice and a subsequent decrease of proinflammatory gene expression. Add-back experiments of enzymatically active TRAP5 to Trap5-/- mice restored immune cell recruitment and bacterial killing. In human CF lung tissue, TRAP5 of alveolar macrophages was detected in proximity to OPN to a higher degree than in normal lung tissue, indicating possible interactions. Discussion Taken together, the findings of this study suggest a key role for TRAP5 in modulating airway inflammation. This could have bearing in diseases such as CF and COPD where excessive neutrophilic inflammation could be targeted by pharmacological inhibitors of TRAP5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Tanner
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jesper Bergwik
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ravi K. V. Bhongir
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Manoj Puthia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lång
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohamad N. Ali
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Welinder
- Swedish National Infrastructure for Biological Mass Spectrometry (BioMS), Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrik Önnerfjord
- Molecular Skeletal Biology, Section for Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas S. Erjefält
- Unit of Airway Inflammation, Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lena Palmberg
- Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Göran Andersson
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden,*Correspondence: Arne Egesten,
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Targeting the alternative oxidase (AOX) for human health and food security, a pharmaceutical and agrochemical target or a rescue mechanism? Biochem J 2022; 479:1337-1359. [PMID: 35748702 PMCID: PMC9246349 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Some of the most threatening human diseases are due to a blockage of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). In a variety of plants, fungi, and prokaryotes, there is a naturally evolved mechanism for such threats to viability, namely a bypassing of the blocked portion of the ETC by alternative enzymes of the respiratory chain. One such enzyme is the alternative oxidase (AOX). When AOX is expressed, it enables its host to survive life-threatening conditions or, as in parasites, to evade host defenses. In vertebrates, this mechanism has been lost during evolution. However, we and others have shown that transfer of AOX into the genome of the fruit fly and mouse results in a catalytically engaged AOX. This implies that not only is the AOX a promising target for combating human or agricultural pathogens but also a novel approach to elucidate disease mechanisms or, in several cases, potentially a therapeutic cure for human diseases. In this review, we highlight the varying functions of AOX in their natural hosts and upon xenotopic expression, and discuss the resulting need to develop species-specific AOX inhibitors.
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Xie Z, Xia T, Wu D, Che L, Zhang W, Cai X, Liu S. Identification of the key genes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:665. [PMID: 35845513 PMCID: PMC9279780 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prevalent mainly in older adults, especially those who are smokers. It appears to be regulated by multiple genes, but there is some degree of familial clustering. The evidence to date suggests that COPD-associated biomarkers are largely inadequate for disease diagnosis, so we conducted a comprehensive search for more specific genetic markers. Methods We used 3 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. By investigating the biological information [i.e., Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA)], we filtered out 8 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and validated the transcript levels of those hub genes in 16HBE cell lines, THP-1 cell lines and lung tissue of COPD patients. Results The 8 hub genes comprised amyloid precursor protein (APP), fibronectin 1, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), β-actin, capping actin protein of muscle Z-line subunit alpha 2, secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), catalase (CAT), and colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) were selected from among the DEGs. Cigarette smoke extract-stimulated 16HBE cells were found to highly express SPP1, CSF2, and IGF1. In addition, IGF1 levels were increased and IGF1 and APP levels were decreased in CSE-stimulated THP-1 cells. SPP1 and FN1 showed increased expression levels in lung tissue of COPD patients, but the opposite held for APP and CAT. Conclusions We identified 8 hub genes of COPD based on GO, KEGG and WGCNA, which have provided insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefan Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxue Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingdong Cai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Comparison of CRP, Procalcitonin, Neutrophil Counts, Eosinophil Counts, sTREM-1, and OPN between Pneumonic and Nonpneumonic Exacerbations in COPD Patients. Can Respir J 2022; 2022:7609083. [PMID: 35400078 PMCID: PMC8989599 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7609083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) could have a higher risk of acute and severe respiratory illness than those without CAP in AECOPD. Consequently, early identification of pneumonia in AECOPD is quite important. Methods. 52 subjects with AECOPD + CAP and 93 subjects with AECOPD from two clinical centers were enrolled in this prospective observational study. The values of osteopontin (OPN), soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), eosinophil (EOS) counts, and neutrophil (Neu) counts in blood on the first day of admission and clinical symptoms were compared in AECOPD and AECOPD + CAP. In addition, subgroup analyses of biomarker difference were conducted based on the current use of inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS) or systemic corticosteroids (SCS). Results Patients with AECOPD + CAP had increased sputum volume, sputum purulence, diabetes mellitus, and longer hospital stays than AECOPD patients (p < 0.05). A clinical logistic regression model showed among the common clinical symptoms, purulent sputum can independently predict pneumonia in AECOPD patients after adjusting for a history of diabetes. At day 1, AECOPD + CAP patients had higher values of Neu, CRP, PCT, and OPN, while serum sTREM-1 levels and EOS counts were similar in the two groups. CRP fared best at predicting AECOPD with CAP (p < 0.05 for the test of difference), while OPN had similar accuracy with Neu, PCT, and purulent sputum (p > 0.05 for the test of difference). Multivariate analysis, including clinical symptoms and biomarkers, suggested that CRP ≥15.8 mg/dL at day 1 was a only promising predictor of pneumonia in AECOPD. CRP and OPN were not affected by ICS or SCS. Conclusions CRP ≥15.8 mg/dL is an ideal promising predictor of pneumonia in AECOPD, and its plasma level is not affected by ICS or SCS. The diagnostic performance of CRP is not significantly improved when combined with clinical symptoms or other markers (OPN, PCT, and Neu).
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Khamissi FZ, Ning L, Kefaloyianni E, Dun H, Arthanarisami A, Keller A, Atkinson JJ, Li W, Wong B, Dietmann S, Lavine K, Kreisel D, Herrlich A. Identification of kidney injury released circulating osteopontin as causal agent of respiratory failure. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm5900. [PMID: 35213222 PMCID: PMC8880785 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue injury can drive secondary organ injury; however, mechanisms and mediators are not well understood. To identify interorgan cross-talk mediators, we used acute kidney injury (AKI)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) as a clinically important example. Using kidney and lung single-cell RNA sequencing after AKI in mice followed by ligand-receptor pairing analysis across organs, kidney ligands to lung receptors, we identify kidney-released circulating osteopontin (OPN) as a novel AKI-ALI mediator. OPN release from kidney tubule cells triggered lung endothelial leakage, inflammation, and respiratory failure. Pharmacological or genetic OPN inhibition prevented AKI-ALI. Transplantation of ischemic wt kidneys caused AKI-ALI, but not of ischemic OPN-global knockout kidneys, identifying kidney-released OPN as necessary interorgan signal to cause AKI-ALI. We show that OPN serum levels are elevated in patients with AKI and correlate with kidney injury. Our results demonstrate feasibility of using ligand-receptor analysis across organs to identify interorgan cross-talk mediators and may have important therapeutic implications in human AKI-ALI and multiorgan failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hao Dun
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Amy Keller
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Atkinson
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wenjun Li
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian Wong
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sabine Dietmann
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kory Lavine
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Washington University School in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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12
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Kotlyarov S. Analysis of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:34-54. [PMID: 35189051 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important medical and social problem, and the keys to solving this problem are still largely unknown. A common situation in real clinical practice is the comorbid course of atherosclerosis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Diseases share some common risk factors and may be closely linked pathogenetically. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis of datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed to examine the gene ontology (GO) of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in COPD and peripheral arterial atherosclerosis. DEGs were identified using the limma R package with the settings p < 0.05, corrected using the Benjamini & Hochberg algorithm and ǀlog 2FCǀ > 1.0. The GO, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed with the detected DEGs. RESULTS The biological processes and signaling pathways involving common DEGs from airway epithelial datasets in COPD and tissue in peripheral atherosclerosis were identified. A total of 15 DEGs were identified, comprising 12 upregulated and 3 downregulated DEGs. The GO enrichment analysis demonstrated that the upregulated hub genes were mainly involved in the inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, cell adhesion, lipid metabolic process, regulation of angiogenesis, icosanoid biosynthetic process, and cellular response to a chemical stimulus. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the common pathways were Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. CONCLUSIONS Biological processes and signaling pathways associated with the immune response may link the development and progression of COPD and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026, Ryazan, Russian Federation
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13
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Herrlich A. Interorgan crosstalk mechanisms in disease: the case of acute kidney injury-induced remote lung injury. FEBS Lett 2021; 596:620-637. [PMID: 34932216 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis and health of multicellular organisms with multiple organs depends on interorgan communication. Tissue injury in one organ disturbs this homeostasis and can lead to disease in multiple organs, or multiorgan failure. Many routes of interorgan crosstalk during homeostasis are relatively well known, but interorgan crosstalk in disease still lacks understanding. In particular, how tissue injury in one organ can drive injury at remote sites and trigger multiorgan failure with high mortality is poorly understood. As examples, acute kidney injury can trigger acute lung injury and cardiovascular dysfunction; pneumonia, sepsis or liver failure conversely can cause kidney failure; lung transplantation very frequently triggers acute kidney injury. Mechanistically, interorgan crosstalk after tissue injury could involve soluble mediators and their target receptors, cellular mediators, in particular immune cells, as well as newly identified neuro-immune connections. In this review, I will focus the discussion of deleterious interorgan crosstalk and its mechanistic concepts on one example, acute kidney injury-induced remote lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Herrlich
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
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14
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Zhu J, Wang F, Feng X, Li B, Ma L, Zhang J. Family with sequence similarity 13 member A mediates TGF-β1-induced EMT in small airway epithelium of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2021; 22:192. [PMID: 34210319 PMCID: PMC8247231 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01783-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the role of family with sequence similarity 13 member A (FAM13A) in TGF-β1-induced EMT in the small airway epithelium of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Small airway wall thickness and protein levels of airway remodeling markers, EMT markers, TGF-β1, and FAM13A were measured in lung tissue samples from COPD and non-COPD patients. The correlations of FAM13A expression with COPD severity and EMT marker expression were evaluated. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed to explore the functions of FAM13A in cell proliferation, motility, and TGF-β1-induced EMT marker alterations in human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. Results Independent of smoking status, lung tissue samples from COPD patients exhibited significantly increased small airway thickness and collagen fiber deposition, along with enhanced protein levels of remodeling markers (collagen I, fibronectin, and MMP-9), mesenchymal markers (α-SMA, vimentin, and N-cadherin), TGF-β1, and FAM13A, compared with those from non-COPD patients. FAM13A expression negatively correlated with FEV1% and PO2 in COPD patients. In small airway epithelium, FAM13A expression negatively correlated with E-cadherin protein levels and positively correlated with vimentin protein levels. In BEAS-2B cells, TGF-β1 dose-dependently upregulated FAM13A protein levels. FAM13A overexpression significantly promoted cell proliferation and motility in BEAS-2B cells, whereas FAM13A silencing showed contrasting results. Furthermore, FAM13A knockdown partially reversed TGF-β1-induced EMT marker protein alterations in BEAS-2B cells. Conclusions FAM13A upregulation is associated with TGF-β1-induced EMT in the small airway epithelium of COPD patients independent of smoking status, serving as a potential therapeutic target for anti-EMT therapy in COPD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-021-01783-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Faxuan Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Feng
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiong Ma
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Jeong JH, Heo M, Kim EJ, Hah YS, Heo IR, Kim TH, Kim HC, Ju S, Yoo JW, Jeong YY, Lee JD, Lee SJ. Serum hepatocyte growth factor as a predictor of disease severity and future exacerbations in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Respir Med 2021; 185:106505. [PMID: 34139579 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum biomarkers associated with the severity of non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis are insufficient. This study determined the association of serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), osteopontin, and pentraxin-3 levels with disease severity and exacerbation in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis. METHODS Serum levels of HGF, osteopontin, and pentraxin-3 were measured in patients with clinically stable non-CF bronchiectasis (n = 61). The correlation between the biomarkers and bronchiectasis severity index (BSI) and FACED score was assessed using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. Predictive variables associated with exacerbation were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model and the time to first exacerbation in high and low HGF groups during the observation period was compared using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS The BSI showed significant correlation with HGF (r = 0.423; p = 0.001) and pentraxin-3 (r = 0.316; p = 0.013). The FACED score was significantly correlated with HGF (r = 0.406; p = 0.001). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that serum level of HGF was independently associated with both scoring systems. The high HGF group showed a significantly shorter time to first exacerbation (Log-rank test, p = 0.014). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that high serum HGF level and colonization with non-pseudomonas organisms were independent predictors of future exacerbations (HR 2.364; p = 0.024 and HR 2.438; p = 0.020, respectively). CONCLUSION Serum level of HGF is a potential biomarker that is closely associated with disease severity and future risk of exacerbations in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hwan Jeong
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Manbong Heo
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University Hospital 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sool Hah
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University Hospital 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - I Re Heo
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, 51472, South Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, 51472, South Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, 51472, South Korea
| | - Sunmi Ju
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jung Wan Yoo
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Yi Yeong Jeong
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jong Deog Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.
| | - Seung Jun Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.
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Miao TW, Xiao W, Du LY, Mao B, Huang W, Chen XM, Li C, Wang Y, Fu JJ. High expression of SPP1 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correlated with increased risk of lung cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1237-1249. [PMID: 33626243 PMCID: PMC8016137 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and fixed airflow obstruction. Patients with COPD have increased risk of lung cancer (LC), and the coexistence of both diseases is associated with poorer survival. However, the mechanisms predisposing patients with COPD to LC development and poor prognosis remain unclear. Gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Twenty‐two data sets were included (n = 876). We identified 133 DEGs and 145 DEGs in patients with COPD and LC compared with healthy controls, respectively. There were 1544 DEGs in patients with LC and coexisting COPD compared with COPD, and these DEGs are mainly involved in the cell cycle, DNA replication, p53 signalling and insulin signalling. The biological processes primarily associated with these DEGs are oxidation reduction and apoptosis. SPP1 was the only overlapping DEG that was up‐regulated in patients with COPD and/or LC, and this was validated by qPCR in an independent cohort. The area under the curve value for SPP1 was 0.893 (0.822–0.963) for the prediction of LC in patients with COPD. High expression of SPP1 in patients with LC was associated with shorter survival time. Up‐regulation of SPP1 may be associated with increased risk of LC in patients with COPD and therefore may have potential as a therapeutic target for LC in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Wei Miao
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long-Yi Du
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Mao
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- West China Biobanks, Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Li
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan-Juan Fu
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Kimura G, Takahashi R, Nagamoto A, Yoshino K, Ueda K, Nishimoto Y, Kizawa Y. [Inhibitory Effects of Dabigatran on Airway Inflammation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:1477-1483. [PMID: 32921648 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterised by chronic inflammation in the lung that is associated with airway obstruction. Inhaled therapy with a combination of corticosteroid and a long-acting β2-agonist is an effective anti-inflammatory medicine for asthma, but in patients with severe asthma and COPD fails to completely control these symptoms with current therapies. The inflammatory process in these diseases, which involves activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic system in the lung, offers the opportunity for alternative anti-inflammatory therapies. In this study, we investigated the effects of anti-coagulants on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway inflammation in mice. A/J mice were exposed to LPS, a bacterial endotoxin, intranasally and accumulation of inflammatory cells, TNF-α, C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 1, and osteopontin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was monitored by flow cytometry and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. LPS exposure induced airway neutrophilia and accumulation of TNF-α, CXCL1, and osteopontin in BALF. This LPS-induced airway inflammation was not relieved using a corticosteroid, fluticasone propionate (FP), or a direct inhibitor of Factor Xa, rivaroxaban. In contrast, a direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran, inhibited LPS-induced airway neutrophilia and decreased inflammatory cytokine production in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, combination of dabigatran and FP elicited stronger inhibition of LPS-induced airway inflammation. Therefore, these results suggest that dabigatran could be an effective new therapy for severe respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Kimura
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Risa Takahashi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Ayaka Nagamoto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Kotomi Yoshino
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Keitaro Ueda
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Yuki Nishimoto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Yasuo Kizawa
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University
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18
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Mohammadkhani N, Gharbi S, Rajani HF, Farzaneh A, Mahjoob G, Hoseinsalari A, Korsching E. Statins: Complex outcomes but increasingly helpful treatment options for patients. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Osteopontin Expression in Small Airway Epithelium in Copd is Dependent on Differentiation and Confined to Subsets of Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15566. [PMID: 31664154 PMCID: PMC6820743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) plays a role in inflammation via recruitment of neutrophils and tissue remodeling. In this study, we investigated the distribution of OPN-expressing cells in the airway epithelium of normal lung tissue and that from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OPN was detected on the epithelial cell surface of small airways and in scattered cells within the epithelial cell layer. Staining revealed higher OPN concentrations in tissue showing moderate to severe COPD compared to that in controls. In addition, OPN expression was confined to goblet and club cells, and was absent from ciliated and basal cells as detected via immunohistochemistry. However, OPN expression was up-regulated in submerged basal cells cultures exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract. Cell fractioning of air-liquid interface cultures revealed increased OPN production from basal compartment cells compared to that in luminal fraction cells. Furthermore, both constitutive and CS-induced expression of OPN decreased during differentiation. In contrast, cultures stimulated with interleukin (IL)-13 to promote goblet cell hyperplasia showed increased OPN production in response to CS exposure. These results indicate that the cellular composition of the airway epithelium plays an important role in OPN expression and that these levels may reflect disease endotypes in COPD.
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20
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Lin YZ, Zhong XN, Chen X, Liang Y, Zhang H, Zhu DL. Roundabout signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis of COPD by integrative bioinformatics analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:2145-2162. [PMID: 31571851 PMCID: PMC6756575 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s216050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the potential mechanism underpinning the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to investigate the role of the Roundabout signaling pathway in COPD. Methods Three microarray datasets (GSE1650, GSE38974 and GSE76925) including 139 cases of severe COPD and 52 cases of normal smokers without carcinoma, were integrated to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using bioinformatics methods. Gene ontology (GO) annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway of the DEGs were performed by a DAVID online tool. Finally, a cigarette smoke (CS)- induced emphysema mice model was established, the lung mRNA expression levels of genes associated with Slit guidance ligand 2 (SLIT2) -Roundabout (ROBO) signaling pathway were detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the protein level of SLIT2 was examined by immunohistochemistry staining. Results A total of 315 DEGs were identified in three databases. GO and KEGG pathway analyses suggested that the inflammatory response, extracellular matrix disassembly, immune response, the apoptotic signaling pathway, ubiquitination and the Roundabout signaling pathway all together were involved in the development of COPD. The genes SLIT2 and ROBO2 were decreased in patients with COPD and these decreases were significantly negatively correlated with the disease stages of COPD. Consistently, the mRNA expression levels of SLIT2, ROBO1 and ROBO2, and the protein level of SLIT2 were revealed to be lower in the lungs of CS-induced emphysema mice compared with the air-exposed control mice. In addition, the SLIT2 protein level was negatively associated with alveolar mean linear intercept. Conclusion Integrated bioinformatics analysis may provide novel insights into the complicated pathogenesis of COPD, and to the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to provide evidence to suggest that the Roundabout signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Zhen Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Lan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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21
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Lamort AS, Giopanou I, Psallidas I, Stathopoulos GT. Osteopontin as a Link between Inflammation and Cancer: The Thorax in the Spotlight. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080815. [PMID: 31382483 PMCID: PMC6721491 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein osteopontin (OPN) possesses multiple functions in health and disease. To this end, osteopontin has beneficial roles in wound healing, bone homeostasis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) function. On the contrary, osteopontin can be deleterious for the human body during disease. Indeed, osteopontin is a cardinal mediator of tumor-associated inflammation and facilitates metastasis. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of osteopontin in malignant processes, focusing on lung and pleural tumors as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Lamort
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
| | - Ioanna Giopanou
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Biomedical Sciences Research Center, 1 Asklepiou Str., University Campus, 26504 Rio, Achaia, Greece
| | - Ioannis Psallidas
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UK
| | - Georgios T Stathopoulos
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Biomedical Sciences Research Center, 1 Asklepiou Str., University Campus, 26504 Rio, Achaia, Greece.
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22
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Giordano L, Farnham A, Dhandapani PK, Salminen L, Bhaskaran J, Voswinckel R, Rauschkolb P, Scheibe S, Sommer N, Beisswenger C, Weissmann N, Braun T, Jacobs HT, Bals R, Herr C, Szibor M. Alternative Oxidase Attenuates Cigarette Smoke-induced Lung Dysfunction and Tissue Damage. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:515-522. [PMID: 30339461 PMCID: PMC6503618 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0261oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is the predominant risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the third leading cause of death worldwide. We aimed to elucidate whether mitochondrial respiratory inhibition and oxidative stress are triggers in its etiology. In different models of CS exposure, we investigated the effect on lung remodeling and cell signaling of restoring mitochondrial respiratory electron flow using alternative oxidase (AOX), which bypasses the cytochrome segment of the respiratory chain. AOX attenuated CS-induced lung tissue destruction and loss of function in mice exposed chronically to CS for 9 months. It preserved the cell viability of isolated mouse embryonic fibroblasts treated with CS condensate, limited the induction of apoptosis, and decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, the early-phase inflammatory response induced by acute CS exposure of mouse lung, i.e., infiltration by macrophages and neutrophils and adverse signaling, was unaffected. The use of AOX allowed us to obtain novel pathomechanistic insights into CS-induced cell damage, mitochondrial ROS production, and lung remodeling. Our findings implicate mitochondrial respiratory inhibition as a key pathogenic mechanism of CS toxicity in the lung. We propose AOX as a novel tool to study CS-related lung remodeling and potentially to counteract CS-induced ROS production and cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giordano
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Antoine Farnham
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Praveen K. Dhandapani
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Salminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jahnavi Bhaskaran
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert Voswinckel
- Bürgerhospital Friedberg, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Friedberg, Germany
| | - Peter Rauschkolb
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Susan Scheibe
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Beisswenger
- Department of Internal Medicine V–Pulmonology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department I Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Howard T. Jacobs
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V–Pulmonology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V–Pulmonology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Marten Szibor
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department I Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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Schrumpf JA, Ninaber DK, van der Does AM, Hiemstra PS. TGF-β1 Impairs Vitamin D-Induced and Constitutive Airway Epithelial Host Defense Mechanisms. J Innate Immun 2019; 12:74-89. [PMID: 30970352 DOI: 10.1159/000497415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelium is an important site for local vitamin D (VD) metabolism; this can be negatively affected by inflammatory mediators. VD is an important regulator of respiratory host defense, for example, by increasing the expression of hCAP18/LL-37. TGF-β1 is increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and known to decrease the expression of constitutive host defense mediators such as secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR). VD has been shown to affect TGF-β1-signaling by inhibiting TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, interactions between VD and TGF-β1, relevant for the understanding host defense in COPD, are incompletely understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the combined effects of VD and TGF-β1 on airway epithelial cell host defense mechanisms. Exposure to TGF-β1 reduced both baseline and VD-induced expression of hCAP18/LL-37, partly by increasing the expression of the VD-degrading enzyme CYP24A1. TGF-β1 alone decreased the number of secretory club and goblet cells and reduced the expression of constitutive host defense mediators SLPI, s/lPLUNC and pIgR, effects that were not modulated by VD. These results suggest that TGF-β1 may decrease the respiratory host defense both directly by reducing the expression of host defense mediators, and indirectly by affecting VD-mediated effects such as expression of hCAP18/LL-37.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmijn A Schrumpf
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,
| | - Dennis K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M van der Does
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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24
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Osteopontin protects against lung injury caused by extracellular histones. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:39-50. [PMID: 30115999 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular histones are present in the airways because of cell death occurring during inflammation. They promote inflammation and cause tissue damage due to their cationic nature. The anionic phosphoglycoprotein osteopontin (OPN) is expressed at high levels during airway inflammation and has been ascribed both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles. In this study, it was hypothesized that OPN may neutralize the harmful activities of extracellular histones at the airway mucosal surface. In a model of histone-induced acute lung injury, OPN-/- mice showed increased inflammation and tissue injury, and succumbed within 24 h, whereas wild-type mice showed lower degrees of inflammation and no mortality. In lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury, wild-type mice showed less inflammation and tissue injury than OPN-/- mice. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from ARDS patients, high levels of OPN and also histone-OPN complexes were detected. In addition, OPN bound to histones with high affinity in vitro, resulting in less cytotoxicity and reduced formation of tissue-damaging neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The interaction between OPN and histones was dependent on posttranslational modification of OPN, i.e., phosphorylation. The findings demonstrate a novel role for OPN, modulating the pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties of free histones.
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25
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Petta V, Loukides S, Kostikas K, Papaioannou AI, Papatheodorou G, Cholidou K, Tomos I, Papiris S, Koulouris NG, Bakakos P. Serum osteopontin in patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: does the co-existence make the difference? J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:740-748. [PMID: 29607144 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.01.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in cancer development and metastasis. Increased sputum OPN was detected in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods We evaluated serum OPN levels in patients with lung cancer (LC) and/or COPD and aimed to determine OPN prognostic performance in 1-year mortality in LC and also its diagnostic performance in LC among COPD patients. We recruited 167 LC patients, 85 with concomitant COPD. 28 COPD patients served as control group. Results OPN levels were higher in LC compared to COPD alone (P=0.017) and higher in COPD and LC compared to COPD alone (P=0.031). No difference was observed in OPN levels between LC and COPD vs. LC without COPD (P=0.171). Serum OPN ≥50.3 ng/mL was an independent predictor of 1-year mortality in LC. Conclusions OPN levels ≥35 ng/mL could predict the presence of LC among COPD patients. In patients with LC and/or COPD, LC is the major determinant for serum OPN. Serum OPN might be a promising prognostic biomarker of LC and a diagnostic biomarker of LC among COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Petta
- 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sotiria Chest Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios Loukides
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kostikas
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Andriana I Papaioannou
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kyriaki Cholidou
- 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sotiria Chest Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tomos
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Papiris
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G Koulouris
- 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sotiria Chest Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Bakakos
- 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sotiria Chest Hospital, Athens, Greece
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26
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LaGrandeur RG, Singhal M, Bany-Mohammed F, Uy C, Koeppel R, Zaldivar F, Haddad F, Nalbandian A, Donovan P, Cooper DM, Aslam M. Pilot feasibility study to detect mesenchymal stem cell biomarkers of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the tracheal aspirate fluid of preterm infants. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2018; 11:1-10. [PMID: 29689740 DOI: 10.3233/npm-181722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to detect novel mesenchymal stem cell peptides/biomarkers of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the tracheal aspirate fluid (TAF) of preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN Participants included infants less than 32 weeks' gestational age or birth weight under 1500 grams who required endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation within first 24 hours of life. TAF sample collection was performed at the time of the first clinically indicated routine suctioning. Standardization curves for human levels of osteopontin (Opn), macrophage colony stimulating factor 1 (Csf1), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were generated for 15 enrolled participants. RESULTS We demonstrated that stem cell biomarkers are secreted into the TAF of preterm infants and their concentrations can be easily measured during the first week of life. CONCLUSIONS Further studies are warranted to determine a causal relationship between these biomarkers and BPD development and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G LaGrandeur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - M Singhal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - F Bany-Mohammed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - C Uy
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - R Koeppel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - F Zaldivar
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - F Haddad
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - A Nalbandian
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - P Donovan
- Department of Developmental and Cellular Biology and of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - D M Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - M Aslam
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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27
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Mohamed AS, Ibrahim IS, Sharshar RS, Abd El-Naby AY. The prognostic utility of plasma osteopontin in CAP patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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28
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Burgstaller G, Oehrle B, Gerckens M, White ES, Schiller HB, Eickelberg O. The instructive extracellular matrix of the lung: basic composition and alterations in chronic lung disease. Eur Respir J 2017; 50:50/1/1601805. [PMID: 28679607 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01805-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pulmonary extracellular matrix (ECM) determines the tissue architecture of the lung, and provides mechanical stability and elastic recoil, which are essential for physiological lung function. Biochemical and biomechanical signals initiated by the ECM direct cellular function and differentiation, and thus play a decisive role in lung development, tissue remodelling processes and maintenance of adult homeostasis. Recent proteomic studies have demonstrated that at least 150 different ECM proteins, glycosaminoglycans and modifying enzymes are expressed in the lung, and these assemble into intricate composite biomaterials. These highly insoluble assemblies of interacting ECM proteins and their glycan modifications can act as a solid phase-binding interface for hundreds of secreted proteins, which creates an information-rich signalling template for cell function and differentiation. Dynamic changes within the ECM that occur upon injury or with ageing are associated with several chronic lung diseases. In this review, we summarise the available data about the structure and function of the pulmonary ECM, and highlight changes that occur in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. We discuss potential mechanisms of ECM remodelling and modification, which we believe are relevant for future diagnosis and treatment of chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Burgstaller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Oehrle
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Gerckens
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Eric S White
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Respiratory Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
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29
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Maneechotesuwan K, Kasetsinsombat K, Wongkajornsilp A, Barnes PJ. Simvastatin up-regulates adenosine deaminase and suppresses osteopontin expression in COPD patients through an IL-13-dependent mechanism. Respir Res 2016; 17:104. [PMID: 27557561 PMCID: PMC4997725 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and osteopontin (OPN) may play opposing roles in the pathogenesis of COPD. Deficiency of ADA results in enhanced adenosine signaling which up-regulates OPN expression. Although statins suppress OPN in cancer cells, little is known about their effects on ADA and OPN in COPD patients. Methods We extended a previous randomized double-blind placebo crossover study to investigate the effects of simvastatin (20 mg/day) on sputum ADA and OPN expression and explored the underlying signaling pathways involved by conducting in vitro experiments with cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) from COPD patients and healthy subjects. Results Simvastatin decreased sputum IL-13, OPN and CD73, while increasing ADA expression, irrespective of inhaled corticosteroid treatment and smoking status in parallel to increased inosine levels. The degree of simvastatin-restored ADA activity was significantly correlated with the magnitude of changes in pre-bronchodilator FEV1. Mechanistic exploration showed that CSE enhanced the expression of IL-13, which induced an increase in OPN and inhibited ADA mRNA accumulation in MDM from COPD patients but not healthy subjects through a STAT6-dependent mechanism. Simvastatin treatment inhibited IL-13 transcription in a dose-dependent manner, and therefore diminished the IL-13-induced increase in OPN and restored IL-13-suppressed ADA. There was no effect of simvastatin on adenosine receptors in CSE-stimulated MDM, indicating that its effects were on the adenosine pathway. Conclusion Simvastatin reversed IL-13-suppressed ADA activity that leads to the down-regulation of adenosine signaling and therefore inhibits OPN expression through the direct inhibition of IL-13-activated STAT6 pathway. Inhibition of IL-13 may reverse the imbalance between ADA and OPN in COPD and therefore may prevent COPD progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0424-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittipong Maneechotesuwan
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Kanda Kasetsinsombat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisak Wongkajornsilp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airway Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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30
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Gela A, Bhongir RKV, Mori M, Keenan P, Mörgelin M, Erjefält JS, Herwald H, Egesten A, Kasetty G. Osteopontin That Is Elevated in the Airways during COPD Impairs the Antibacterial Activity of Common Innate Antibiotics. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146192. [PMID: 26731746 PMCID: PMC4712133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections of the respiratory tract contribute to exacerbations and disease progression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is also an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease in COPD. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood but include impaired mucociliary clearance and structural remodeling of the airways. In addition, antimicrobial proteins that are constitutively expressed or induced during inflammatory conditions are an important part of the airway innate host defense. In the present study, we show that osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional glycoprotein that is highly upregulated in the airways of COPD patients co-localizes with several antimicrobial proteins expressed in the airways. In vitro, OPN bound lactoferrin, secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI), midkine, human beta defensin-3 (hBD-3), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) but showed low or no affinity for lysozyme and LL-37. Binding of OPN impaired the antibacterial activity against the important bacterial pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Interestingly, OPN reduced lysozyme-induced killing of S. pneumoniae, a finding that could be explained by binding of OPN to the bacterial surface, thereby shielding the bacteria. A fragment of OPN generated by elastase of P. aeruginosa retained some inhibitory effect. Some antimicrobial proteins have additional functions. However, the muramidase-activity of lysozyme and the protease inhibitory function of SLPI were not affected by OPN. Taken together, OPN can contribute to the impairment of innate host defense by interfering with the function of antimicrobial proteins, thus increasing the vulnerability to acquire infections during COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anele Gela
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ravi K. V. Bhongir
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michiko Mori
- Airway Inflammation Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul Keenan
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas S. Erjefält
- Airway Inflammation Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Heiko Herwald
- Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gopinath Kasetty
- Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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31
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Chang JH, Hung WY, Bai KJ, Yang SF, Chien MH. Utility of Plasma Osteopontin Levels in Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:673-9. [PMID: 27647996 PMCID: PMC5027185 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.16175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is an essential cytokine involved in immune cell recruitment and an important regulator of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in OPN plasma levels between before and after antibiotic treatment in hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). OPN levels were measured in 93 patients with CAP and 54 healthy controls using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The CURB-65, Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI), and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores were used to determine the CAP severity in patients upon initial hospitalization. A decline in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) and neutrophils, and decreases in the levels of OPN and C-reactive protein (CRP) were observed after antibiotic treatment. Only the plasma level of OPN, but not CRP, was correlated with the severity of CAP based on the PSI (r = 0.514, p < 0.001), CURB-65 (r = 0.396, p < 0.001), and APACHE II scores (r = 0.473, p < 0.001). The OPN level also showed a significant correlation with the length of hospital stay (r = 0.210, p = 0.044). In conclusion, plasma level of OPN may act as diagnostic adjuvant biomarkers for CAP and further play a role in clinical assessment of the severity of CAP, which could potentially guide the development of treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Hwa Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;; School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yueh Hung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Bai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;; School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;; Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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32
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Jovic S, Shikhagaie M, Mörgelin M, Erjefält JS, Kjellström S, Egesten A. Osteopontin is increased in cystic fibrosis and can skew the functional balance between ELR-positive and ELR-negative CXC-chemokines. J Cyst Fibros 2015; 14:453-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Niikura Y, Ishii T, Hosoki K, Nagase T, Yamashita N. Ovary-dependent emphysema augmentation and osteopontin induction in adult female mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:642-7. [PMID: 25912141 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biological differences between the sexes greatly impact the development and severity of pulmonary disorders such as emphysema. Recent studies have demonstrated crucial roles for osteopontin (OPN, also known as SPP1) in lung inflammation and alveolar destruction in human and experimental emphysema, but the impact of gender on OPN action remains unknown. Here, we report ovary-dependent induction of Opn mRNA with augmentation of experimental emphysema in adult female mice. Both male and female mice developed emphysematous lungs following intra-tracheal administration of porcine pancreatic elastase; however, compared with male mice, female mice developed more severe injury-related inflammation and pathologic alterations of the lungs. Notably, we observed female-specific induction of the Opn gene upon lung injury. Ovariectomy blocked this induction, with attenuation of lung inflammation and alveolar destruction, demonstrating the essential role of ovaries in injury-related Opn induction and augmentation of emphysema in adult female mice. Lastly, pre-treatment of adult female mice with pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid, which blocks ATP-mediated wound response, suppressed Opn mRNA induction upon lung injury, resulting in attenuation of enhanced lung inflammation. Together, our findings define a novel, ovary-dependent mechanism underlying gender-specific augmentation of emphysema through transcriptional control of the Opn gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Niikura
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishii
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hosoki
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Naomi Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
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