1
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Wang E, Andrade MJ, Smith Q. Vascularized liver-on-a-chip model to investigate nicotine-induced dysfunction. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:064108. [PMID: 38155919 PMCID: PMC10754629 DOI: 10.1063/5.0172677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The development of physiologically relevant in vitro systems for simulating disease onset and progression and predicting drug metabolism holds tremendous value in reducing drug discovery time and cost. However, many of these platforms lack accuracy in replicating the tissue architecture and multicellular interactions. By leveraging three-dimensional cell culture, biomimetic soft hydrogels, and engineered stimuli, in vitro models have continued to progress. Nonetheless, the incorporation of the microvasculature has been met with many challenges, specifically with the addition of parenchymal cell types. Here, a systematic approach to investigating the initial seeding density of endothelial cells and its effects on interconnected networks was taken and combined with hepatic spheroids to form a liver-on-a-chip model. Leveraging this system, nicotine's effects on microvasculature and hepatic function were investigated. The findings indicated that nicotine led to interrupted adherens junctions, decreased guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 expression, impaired angiogenesis, and lowered barrier function, all key factors in endothelial dysfunction. With the combination of the optimized microvascular networks, a vascularized liver-on-a-chip was formed, providing functional xenobiotic metabolism and synthesis of both albumin and urea. This system provides insight into potential hepatotoxicity caused by various drugs and allows for assessing vascular dysfunction in a high throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Melisa J. Andrade
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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2
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Sato Y, Maruyama K, Mikami M, Sato S. Effects of nicotine and lipopolysaccharide stimulation on adhesion molecules in human gingival endothelial cells. Odontology 2023; 111:428-438. [PMID: 36214897 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00753-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis, and the immune response of periodontal tissues in patients with periodontitis may be strongly affected by smoking. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the bioactivity and signal transduction of human gingival endothelial cells (HGECs) due to nicotinic stimulation using a cultured medium supplemented with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a model of periodontitis. HGECs were cultured in medium supplemented with LPS, nicotine, nicotine + LPS, and medium supplemented without nicotine or LPS (control). Cell proliferation was assessed using Alamar blue. Cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase leakage. The expression of adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) was assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits (α3, α5, α7, β2 and β4) was evaluated by RT-PCR. The involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and protein kinase C (PKC) cell signaling pathways in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression was investigated by RT-qPCR with specific inhibitors. HGECs stimulated with LPS, nicotine and nicotine + LPS showed inhibition of cell proliferation, increase of cell death, and increase of gene and protein expression of ICAM-1. Moreover, HGECs showed the presence of α5 and α7 nAChR subunits. The expression of ICAM-1 in HGECs stimulated with LPS, nicotine, and nicotine + LPS was significantly suppressed by p38MAPK inhibitor, but not by a PKC inhibitor. The nAChR subunits of HGECs are α5 and α7, and that HGECs stimulated with nicotine and LPS express ICAM-1 via p38MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Sato
- Field of Advanced Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Periodontology, Course of Clinical Science, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, chou-ku, 951-8580, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Maruyama
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masato Mikami
- Department of Microbiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Soh Sato
- Field of Advanced Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Periodontology, Course of Clinical Science, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, chou-ku, 951-8580, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan
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3
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Ta HQ, Teman NR, Kron IL, Roeser ME, Laubach VE. Steen solution protects pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells and preserves endothelial barrier after lipopolysaccharide-induced injury. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 165:e5-e20. [PMID: 35577593 PMCID: PMC9576825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute respiratory distress syndrome represents the devastating result of acute lung injury, with high mortality. Limited methods are available for rehabilitation of lungs affected by acute respiratory distress syndrome. Our laboratory has demonstrated rehabilitation of sepsis-injured lungs via normothermic ex vivo and in vivo perfusion with Steen solution (Steen). However, mechanisms responsible for the protective effects of Steen remain unclear. This study tests the hypothesis that Steen directly attenuates pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction and inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide. METHODS Primary pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide for 4 hours and then recovered for 8 hours in complete media (Media), Steen, or Steen followed by complete media (Steen/Media). Oxidative stress, chemokines, permeability, interendothelial junction proteins, and toll-like receptor 4-mediated pathways were assessed in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells using standard methods. RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide treatment of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells and recovery in Media significantly induced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, expression of chemokines (eg, chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 1 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2) and cell adhesion molecules (P-selectin, E-selectin, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1), permeability, neutrophil transmigration, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling, and decreased expression of tight and adherens junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, zonula occludens-2, and vascular endothelial-cadherin). All of these inflammatory pathways were significantly attenuated after recovery of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in Steen or Steen/Media. CONCLUSIONS Steen solution preserves pulmonary endothelial barrier function after lipopolysaccharide exposure by promoting an anti-inflammatory environment via attenuation of oxidative stress, toll-like receptor 4-mediated signaling, and conservation of interendothelial junctions. These protective mechanisms offer insight into the advancement of methods for in vivo lung perfusion with Steen for the treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Victor E. Laubach
- Address for reprints: Victor E. Laubach, PhD, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 801359, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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4
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Kishi C, Higashihara M, Takemoto Y, Kamei M, Yoshioka Y, Matsumura S, Yamada K, Kobayashi T, Matahira Y, Moriyama T, Zaima N. Inhaled volatile β-caryophyllene is incorporated into the aortic wall and attenuates nicotine-induced aorta degeneration via a CB2 receptor-dependent pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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5
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Feng J, Wu Y. Interleukin-35 ameliorates cardiovascular disease by suppressing inflammatory responses and regulating immune homeostasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108938. [PMID: 35759811 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The immune response is of great significance in the initiation and progression of a diversity of cardiovascular diseases involving pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interleukin-35 (IL-35), a cytokine of the interleukin-12 family, is a novel anti-inflammation and immunosuppressive cytokine, maintaining inflammatory suppression and regulating immune homeostasis. The role of IL-35 in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has aroused enthusiastic attention, a diversity of experimental or clinical evidence has indicated that IL-35 potentially has a pivot role in protecting against cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis and myocarditis. In this review, we initiate an overview of the relationship between Interleukin-35 and cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, abdominal aortic aneurysm, heart failure, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, aortic dissection and myocarditis. Although the specific molecular mechanisms entailing the protective effects of IL-35 remain an unsolved issue, targeted therapies with IL-35 might provide a promising and effective solution to prevent and cure cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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6
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Impact of Electronic Cigarette Vaping on Cerebral Ischemia: What We Know So Far. Transl Stroke Res 2022; 13:923-938. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Liu P, Ye Y, Xiang S, Li Y, Zhu C, Chen Z, Hu J, Gen Y, Lou L, Duan X, Zhang J, Gu W. iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Reveals the Invasion Mechanism of Spiroplasma eriocheiris in 3T6 Cells. CURR PROTEOMICS 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570164619666220113154423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Spiroplasma eriocheiris is a novel pathogen of freshwater crustaceans and
is closely related to S. mirum. They have no cell wall and a helical morphology. They have the ability
to infect mammals with an unclear mechanism.
Objective:
In this study, our aim was to investigate the profile of protein expression in 3T6 cells infected
with S. eriocheiris.
Methods:
The proteome of 3T6 cells infected by S. eriocheiris was systematically investigated by
iTRAQ.
Results:
We identified and quantified 4915 proteins, 67 differentially proteins were found, including
30 up-regulated proteins and 37 down-regulated proteins. GO term analysis shows that dysregulation
of adhesion protein , interferon and cytoskeletal regulation are associated with apoptosis. Adhesion
protein Vcam1 and Interferon-induced protein GBP2, Ifit1, TAPBP, CD63 ,Arhgef2 were
up-regulated. A key cytoskeletal regulatory protein, ARHGEF17 was down-regulated. KEGG pathway
analysis showed the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway , the Jak-STAT
signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling are closely related to apoptosis in vivo.
Conclusion:
Analysis of the signaling pathways involved in invasion may provide new insights for
understanding the infection mechanisms of S. eriocheiris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Youyuan Ye
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shasha Xiang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Chengbin Zhu
- Hengyang Chinese
Medicine Hospital, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zixu Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ye Gen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Li Lou
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xuqi Duan
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of
South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative
Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College
of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, 210046 Nanjing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for
Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005 Jiangsu, China
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8
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Lian S, Li S, Zhu J, Xia Y, Do Jung Y. Nicotine stimulates IL-8 expression via ROS/NF-κB and ROS/MAPK/AP-1 axis in human gastric cancer cells. Toxicology 2021; 466:153062. [PMID: 34890707 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine, a major alkaloid found in tobacco, is a significant risk factor for gastric cancer. IL-8, a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a vital role in cancer cell metastasis. The role of nicotine in IL-8 expression and the underlying mechanism is currently unknown. Here, we examined the effects of nicotine on IL-8 expression and explored the potential mechanisms in gastric cancer cells. We found that nicotine increases IL-8 expression. Specific inhibitor and mutagenesis studies showed that ROS and MAPK (Erk1/2, p38) were involved in this process. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis studies indicate the involvement of transcription factor NF-κB and AP-1. ROS and ROS/MAPK (Erk1/2, p38) functioned as the upstream signaling molecules in the activation of NF-κB and AP-1, respectively. AGS gastric cancer cells pretreated with nicotine stimulate angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment, partially abrogated by silencing IL-8 in AGS cells. In this study, we found that nicotine induces IL-8 expression via ROS/NF-κB and ROS/MAPK (Erk1/2, p38)/AP-1 axis in gastric cancer cells, thus stimulating endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shinan Li
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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9
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IL-33 Is Involved in the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Butyrate and Propionate on TNFα-Activated Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052447. [PMID: 33671042 PMCID: PMC7957702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (e.g., butyrate and propionate) are able to diminish endothelial cell activation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intracellular IL-33 mediates the effects of butyrate and propionate on TNFα-induced IL-8 production and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression. In addition, it was investigated whether regulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways are involved. Intracellular IL-33 was measured in human endothelial cells (HUVECs) pre-incubated for 24 h with butyrate (0.1 mM or 5 mM), propionate (0.3 mM or 10 mM), or trichostatin A (TSA, 0.5 μM) prior to TNFα (1 ng/mL) stimulation (24 h). The effects of butyrate, propionate, and TSA on TNFα-induced IL-8, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways in normal HUVECs and IL-33 siRNA (siIL-33)-transfected HUVECs were compared to study the role of IL-33 in the protective effects of butyrate and propionate. Endogenous IL-33 was highly expressed in the perinuclear in HUVECs, which was significantly reduced by TNFα stimulation. The TNFα-induced reduction in IL-33 was prevented by pre-incubation with butyrate or propionate. Butyrate (0.1 mM), propionate (0.3 mM), and TSA inhibited the IL-8 production and activation of NF-κB. Interestingly, this effect was not observed in siIL-33-transfected HUVECs. The effects of butyrate (5 mM), propionate (10 mM), and TSA (0.5 μM) on VCAM-1 expression and activation of MAPK signaling pathways were not affected by siIL-33 transfection. In conclusion, we showed that the inhibitory effects of butyrate and propionate on TNFα-induced IL-8 production were mediated by the HDACs/IL-33/NF-κB pathway, while their effects on VCAM-1 expression might be associated with the HDACs/MAPK signaling pathway, independently of IL-33.
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10
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Li R, Zhou Y, Liu W, Li Y, Qin Y, Yu L, Chen Y, Xu Y. Rare earth element lanthanum protects against atherosclerosis induced by high-fat diet via down-regulating MAPK and NF-κB pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111195. [PMID: 32891972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements, which are extensively used in environmental protection, medicine, food, aerospace and other fields, have attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, the effect on atherosclerosis and its biological mechanism remains unclear. To elucidate these problems, here we performed a study that Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were fed with high-fat diet to promote the development of atherosclerosis, meanwhile, mice were received 0.1, 0.2, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3) for 12 weeks. The results showed that La(NO3)3 prominently inhibited aorta morphological alternations by histopathological examination. Meanwhile, La(NO3)3 regulated serum lipids, including reducing total cholesterol and increasing high-density lipoprotein. Moreover, the oxidative stress was alleviated by La(NO3)3 intervention through enhancing superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and decreasing malondialdehyde levels. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis showed La(NO3)3 could ameliorate the dysfunction of vascular endothelium with declined endothelin-1 and increased prostacyclin. Furthermore, Western blot analysis indicated that La(NO3)3 significantly down-regulated inflammation-mediated proteins including phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p-p38 MAPK), monocyte chemo-attractant protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β, whereas up-regulated the inhibitor of NF-κB protein. In conclusion, La(NO3)3 ameliorates atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response in mice. The potential mechanism associates with the inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Lanlan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100083, China.
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11
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Peng Q, Wilhelmsen KC, Ehlers CL. Common genetic substrates of alcohol and substance use disorder severity revealed by pleiotropy detection against GWAS catalog in two populations. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12877. [PMID: 32027075 PMCID: PMC7415504 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol and other substance use disorders (AUD and SUD) are complex diseases that are postulated to have a polygenic inheritance and are often comorbid with other disorders. The comorbidities may arise partially through genetic pleiotropy. Identification of specific gene variants accounting for large parts of the variance in these disorders has yet to be accomplished. We describe a flexible strategy that takes a variant-trait association database and determines if a subset of disease/straits are potentially pleiotropic with the disorder under study. We demonstrate its usage in a study of use disorders in two independent cohorts: alcohol, stimulants, cannabis (CUD), and multi-substance use disorders (MSUD) in American Indians (AI) and AUD and CUD in Mexican Americans (MA). Using a machine learning method with variants in GWAS catalog, we identified 229 to 246 pleiotropic variants for AI and 153 to 160 for MA for each SUD. Inflammation was the most enriched for MSUD and AUD in AIs. Neurological disorder was the most significantly enriched for CUD in both cohorts, and for AUD and stimulants in AIs. Of the select pleiotropic genes shared among substances-cohorts, multiple biological pathways implicated in SUD and other psychiatric disorders were enriched, including neurotrophic factors, immune responses, extracellular matrix, and circadian regulation. Shared pleiotropic genes were significantly up-regulated in brain regions playing important roles in SUD, down-regulated in esophagus mucosa, and differentially regulated in adrenal gland. This study fills a gap for pleiotropy detection in understudied admixed populations and identifies pleiotropic variants that may be potential targets of interest for SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Peng
- Department of Neuroscience The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA USA
| | - Kirk C. Wilhelmsen
- Department of Genetics and Neurology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Cindy L. Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA USA
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Heldt NA, Reichenbach N, McGary HM, Persidsky Y. Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Cigarettes on Systemic Circulation and Blood-Brain Barrier: Implications for Cognitive Decline. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 191:243-255. [PMID: 33285126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (often known as e-cigarettes) are a novel tobacco product with growing popularity, particularly among younger demographics. The implications for public health are twofold, as these products may represent a novel source of tobacco-associated disease but may also provide a harm reduction strategy for current tobacco users. There is increasing recognition that e-cigarettes impact vascular function across multiple organ systems. Herein, we provide a comparison of evidence regarding the role of e-cigarettes versus combustible tobacco in vascular disease and implications for blood-brain barrier dysfunction and cognitive decline. Multiple non-nicotinic components of tobacco smoke have been identified in e-cigarette aerosol, and their involvement in vascular disease is discussed. In addition, nicotine and nicotinic signaling may modulate peripheral immune and endothelial cell populations in a highly context-dependent manner. Direct preclinical evidence for electronic nicotine delivery system-associated neurovascular impairment is provided, and a model is proposed in which non-nicotinic elements exert a proinflammatory effect that is functionally antagonized by the presence of nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Heldt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Nancy Reichenbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hannah M McGary
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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13
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Heldt NA, Seliga A, Winfield M, Gajghate S, Reichenbach N, Yu X, Rom S, Tenneti A, May D, Gregory BD, Persidsky Y. Electronic cigarette exposure disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity and promotes neuroinflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:363-380. [PMID: 32243899 PMCID: PMC7899242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has grown substantially since inception, particularly among adolescents and combustible tobacco users. Several cigarette smoke constituents with known neurovascular effect are present in e-cigarette liquids or formed during the vapor generation. The present study establishes inhaled models of cigarette and e-cigarette use with normalized nicotine delivery, then characterizes the impact on blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. Sequencing of microvessel RNA following exposure revealed downregulation of several genes with critical roles in BBB function. Reduced protein expression of Occludin and Glut1 is also observed at the tight junction in all groups following exposure. Pro-inflammatory changes in leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction are also noted, and mice exposed to nicotine-free e-cigarettes have impaired novel object recognition performance. On this basis, it is concluded that long term e-cigarette use may adversely impact neurovascular health. The observed effects are noted to be partly independent of nicotine content and nicotine may even serve to moderate the effects of non-nicotinic components on the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Heldt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Alecia Seliga
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Malika Winfield
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy Reichenbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amogha Tenneti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dana May
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian D Gregory
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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14
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Morcos NYS, Saad-Hussein A, Ibrahim KS, Abou-ElMakarem SR, Abd El-Zaher N, Moubarz G. Study of the immunological changes associated with Aspergillus infection among ceramic workers. AEROBIOLOGIA 2019; 35:605-612. [DOI: 10.1007/s10453-019-09600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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15
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Zhang R, Lai L, Dong X, He J, You D, Chen C, Lin L, Zhu Y, Huang H, Shen S, Wei L, Chen X, Guo Y, Liu L, Su L, Shafer A, Moran S, Fleischer T, Bjaanaes MM, Karlsson A, Planck M, Staaf J, Helland Å, Esteller M, Wei Y, Chen F, Christiani DC. SIPA1L3 methylation modifies the benefit of smoking cessation on lung adenocarcinoma survival: an epigenomic-smoking interaction analysis. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1235-1248. [PMID: 30924596 PMCID: PMC6487703 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking cessation prolongs survival and decreases mortality of patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, epigenetic alterations of some genes are associated with survival. However, potential interactions between smoking cessation and epigenetics have not been assessed. Here, we conducted an epigenome‐wide interaction analysis between DNA methylation and smoking cessation on NSCLC survival. We used a two‐stage study design to identify DNA methylation–smoking cessation interactions that affect overall survival for early‐stage NSCLC. The discovery phase contained NSCLC patients from Harvard, Spain, Norway, and Sweden. A histology‐stratified Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, clinical stage, and study center was used to test DNA methylation–smoking cessation interaction terms. Interactions with false discovery rate‐q ≤ 0.05 were further confirmed in a validation phase using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Histology‐specific interactions were identified by stratification analysis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients. We identified one CpG probe (cg02268510SIPA1L3) that significantly and exclusively modified the effect of smoking cessation on survival in LUAD patients [hazard ratio (HR)interaction = 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.16; P = 4.30 × 10–7]. Further, the effect of smoking cessation on early‐stage LUAD survival varied across patients with different methylation levels of cg02268510SIPA1L3. Smoking cessation only benefited LUAD patients with low methylation (HR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.34–0.82; P = 4.61 × 10–3) rather than medium or high methylation (HR = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.86–1.70; P = 0.266) of cg02268510SIPA1L3. Moreover, there was an antagonistic interaction between elevated methylation of cg02268510SIPA1L3 and smoking cessation (HRinteraction = 2.1835; 95% CI: 1.27–3.74; P = 4.46 × 10−3). In summary, smoking cessation benefited survival of LUAD patients with low methylation at cg02268510SIPA1L3. The results have implications for not only smoking cessation after diagnosis, but also possible methylation‐specific drug targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Linjing Lai
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xuesi Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Dongfang You
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Lijuan Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Sipeng Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Liangmin Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Yichen Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liya Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical School of Ningbo University, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Andrea Shafer
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Fleischer
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Maria Moksnes Bjaanaes
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, CREATE Health Strategic Center for Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Maria Planck
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, CREATE Health Strategic Center for Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, CREATE Health Strategic Center for Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Åslaug Helland
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Manel Esteller
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Kugo H, Miyamoto C, Sawaragi A, Hoshino K, Hamatani Y, Matsumura S, Yoshioka Y, Moriyama T, Zaima N. Sesame Extract Attenuates the Degradation of Collagen and Elastin Fibers in the Vascular Walls of Nicotine-administered Mice. J Oleo Sci 2019; 68:79-85. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hirona Kugo
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Chie Miyamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Ayaka Sawaragi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Kiyoto Hoshino
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Yuka Hamatani
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | | | | | - Tatsuya Moriyama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
| | - Nobuhiro Zaima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
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17
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Vos A, Kockelkoren R, de Vis JB, van der Schouw YT, van der Schaaf IC, Velthuis BK, Mali WP, de Jong PA, Majoie C, Roos Y, Duijm L, Keizer K, van der Lugt A, Dippel D, Droogh-de Greve K, Bienfait H, van Walderveen M, Wermer M, Lycklama à Nijeholt G, Boiten J, Duyndam D, Kwa V, Meijer F, van Dijk E, Kesselring F, Hofmeijer J, Vos J, Schonewille W, van Rooij W, de Kort P, Pleiter C, Bakker S, Bot J, Visser M, Velthuis B, van der Schaaf I, Dankbaar J, Mali W, van Seeters T, Horsch A, Niesten J, Biessels G, Kappelle L, Luitse M, van der Graaf Y. Risk factors for atherosclerotic and medial arterial calcification of the intracranial internal carotid artery. Atherosclerosis 2018; 276:44-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Maruta K, Watanabe C, Hozumi H, Kurihara C, Furuhashi H, Takajo T, Okada Y, Shirakabe K, Higashiyama M, Komoto S, Tomita K, Nagao S, Ishizuka T, Miura S, Hokari R. Nicotine treatment ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by suppressing MAdCAM-1 expression and leukocyte recruitment. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:1013-1022. [PMID: 29901817 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0717-304r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced recruitment of leukocytes to the inflamed colon is a key feature of ulcerative colitis (UC). The gut-specific adhesion molecules involved in leukocyte recruitment have emerged as recent therapeutic targets. Nicotine absorbed from smoking has been reported to work protectively in UC patients. Our hypothesis is that nicotine may suppress the aberrant leukocyte recruitment and colonic inflammation via the suppression of the overexpressed gut-specific adhesion molecules in the inflamed colon. To test this hypothesis, the severity of colitis and the degree of leukocyte recruitment induced by gut-specific adhesion molecules were assessed in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis mice (C57BL/6J mice treated with 3% DSS) with or without nicotine treatment. We also studied the in vitro changes in the expression of adhesion molecules by using a vascular endothelial cell line. DSS-induced colitis was accompanied by increases in disease activity index (DAI), histological score, recruitment of leukocytes, and the expression of adhesion molecules, mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) and VCAM-1. Nicotine treatment significantly attenuated MAdCAM-1 expression, leukocyte recruitment, DAI, and histological score. The expression of β7-integrin, the ligand for MAdCAM-1, on leukocytes was not affected by nicotine treatment. In vitro study, the TNF-α-enhanced mRNA expression of MAdCAM-1 was reduced by the coadministration of nicotine in a dose-dependent manner, possibly via nicotinic receptor activation. These results supported our hypothesis that nicotine treatment ameliorated colitis through the suppression of MAdCAM-1 expression on the microvessels in the inflamed colon. Further investigation is warranted on the role of nicotine in the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Maruta
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chikako Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hozumi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chie Kurihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Furuhashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takajo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshikiyo Okada
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shirakabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaaki Higashiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Komoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kengo Tomita
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Nagao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ishizuka
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Miura
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryota Hokari
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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19
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Li C, Sun H, Xu G, McCarter KD, Li J, Mayhan WG. Mito-Tempo prevents nicotine-induced exacerbation of ischemic brain damage. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:49-57. [PMID: 29420160 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01084.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine may contribute to the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS leads to brain damage by intensifying postischemic inflammation. Our goal was to determine the effect of Mito-Tempo, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, on ischemic brain damage and postischemic inflammation during chronic exposure to nicotine. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, nicotine, Mito-Tempo-treated control, and Mito-Tempo-treated nicotine. Nicotine (2 mg·kg-1·day-1) was administered via an osmotic minipump for 4 wk. Mito-Tempo (0.7 mg·kg-1·day-1 ip) was given for 7 days before cerebral ischemia. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 2 h. Brain damage and inflammation were evaluated after 24 h of reperfusion by measuring infarct volume, expression of adhesion molecules, activity of matrix metalloproteinase, brain edema, microglial activation, and neutrophil infiltration. Nicotine exacerbated infarct volume and worsened neurological deficits. Nicotine did not alter baseline ICAM-1 expression, matrix metallopeptidase-2 activity, microglia activation, or neutrophil infiltration but increased these parameters after cerebral ischemia. Mito-Tempo did not have an effect in control rats but prevented the chronic nicotine-induced augmentation of ischemic brain damage and postischemic inflammation. We suggest that nicotine increases brain damage following cerebral ischemia via an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress, which, in turn, contributes to postischemic inflammation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings have important implications for the understanding of mechanisms contributing to increased susceptibility of the brain to damage in smokers and users of nicotine-containing tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport , Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport , Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Guodong Xu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport , Shreveport, Louisiana.,Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital , Shijiazhuang, Hebei , China
| | - Kimberly D McCarter
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport , Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport , Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - William G Mayhan
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
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20
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Park KH, Kim J, Lee EH, Lee TH. Cynandione A inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cell adhesion via suppression of the protein expression of VCAM‑1 in human endothelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:1756-1764. [PMID: 29328438 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cynandione A (CA) is one of the most active compounds in the roots of Cynanchum wilfordii, the extracts of which have been used extensively in East Asia to treat various diseases including anti‑ischemic stroke. In the present study, the anti‑adherent activity of CA in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) was investigated. CA markedly reduced the expression of vascular adhesion molecule‑1 (VCAM‑1) by LPS in HUVECs. The results also demonstrated that CA significantly reduced the expression of pro‑inflammatory and chemoattractant cytokines, including interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6, IL‑8, monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1 and tumor necrosis factor‑α, in LPS‑activated human endothelial cells. CA inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen‑activated protein kinases, including the extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 kinases. It was found that CA decreased the IKK/IκB‑α phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB kinase/inhibitor of NF‑κB‑α, suppressed translocation of the NF‑κB p65 subunit into the nucleus and inhibited the transcriptional activity of NF‑κB. CA also decreased human monocyte cell adhesion to endothelial cells in LPS‑stimulated conditions. These results demonstrated that CA inhibited the protein expression of VCAM‑1 and pro‑inflammatory cytokines by suppressing the transcriptional activity of NF‑κB. The results also suggested that CA may be important in the development of anti‑inflammatory drugs by inhibiting the expression of cell adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoo H Lee
- Graduate School of East‑West Medical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446‑701, Republic of Korea
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21
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Kugo H, Zaima N, Tanaka H, Urano T, Unno N, Moriyama T. The effects of nicotine administration on the pathophysiology of rat aortic wall. Biotech Histochem 2017; 92:141-148. [PMID: 28296545 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2017.1287428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the progressive dilation of the abdominal aorta. Nicotine is reported to be associated with the development and rupture of AAA, but the pathological effects of nicotine on normal rat aorta have not been determined. We investigated pathological changes in the aortic wall of rats caused by the administration of nicotine. Nicotine administration weakened the vascular wall, increased gelatinolytic activity and promoted the destruction of elastin and collagen in the rat abdominal aorta. There were no differences in the areas positive for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 between the control and nicotine treated groups. The areas positive for MMP-12 in the nicotine group were significantly greater than for the control group. Gelatinolytic activity in the aortic wall was increased significantly in the nicotine group. Our findings suggest that MMP-12 is sensitive to nicotine exposure in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kugo
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kindai University , Nara
| | - N Zaima
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kindai University , Nara
| | - H Tanaka
- b Department of Medical Physiology , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , Shizuoka
| | - T Urano
- b Department of Medical Physiology , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , Shizuoka
| | - N Unno
- c Division of Vascular Surgery, Second Department of Surgery , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - T Moriyama
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kindai University , Nara
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22
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Wang CN, Yang GH, Wang ZQ, Liu CW, Li TJ, Lai ZC, Miao SY, Wang LF, Liu B. Role of perivascular adipose tissue in nicotine-induced endothelial cell inflammatory responses. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5713-5718. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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23
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Harwani SC, Ratcliff J, Sutterwala FS, Ballas ZK, Meyerholz DK, Chapleau MW, Abboud FM. Nicotine Mediates CD161a+ Renal Macrophage Infiltration and Premature Hypertension in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat. Circ Res 2016; 119:1101-1115. [PMID: 27660287 PMCID: PMC5085865 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Renal inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of hypertension. CD161a+ immune cells are dominant in the (SHR) spontaneously hypertensive rat and expand in response to nicotinic cholinergic activation. OBJECTIVE We aimed to phenotype CD161a+ immune cells in prehypertensive SHR after cholinergic activation with nicotine and determine if these cells are involved in renal inflammation and the development of hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS Studies used young SHR and WKY (Wistar-Kyoto) rats. Splenocytes and bone marrow cells were exposed to nicotine ex vivo, and nicotine was infused in vivo. Blood pressures, kidney, serum, and urine were obtained. Flow cytometry, Luminex/ELISA, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, and Western blot were used. Nicotinic cholinergic activation induced proliferation of CD161a+/CD68+ macrophages in SHR-derived splenocytes, their renal infiltration, and premature hypertension in SHR. These changes were associated with increased renal expression of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and VLA-4 (very-late antigen-4). LLT1 (lectin-like transcript 1), the ligand for CD161a, was overexpressed in SHR kidney, whereas vascular cellular and intracellular adhesion molecules were similar to those in WKY. Inflammatory cytokines were elevated in SHR kidney and urine after nicotine infusion. Nicotine-mediated renal macrophage infiltration/inflammation was enhanced in denervated kidneys, not explained by angiotensin II levels or expression of angiotensin type-1/2 receptors. Moreover, expression of the anti-inflammatory α7-nAChR (α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) was similar in young SHR and WKY rats. CONCLUSIONS A novel, inherited nicotinic cholinergic inflammatory effect exists in young SHR, measured by expansion of CD161a+/CD68+ macrophages. This leads to renal inflammation and premature hypertension, which may be partially explained by increased renal expression of LLT-1, MCP-1, and VLA-4.
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MESH Headings
- Age of Onset
- Angiotensin II/metabolism
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/analysis
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL2/biosynthesis
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Cytokines/genetics
- Denervation
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Hypertension/etiology
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/pathology
- Hypertension, Renal/etiology
- Hypertension, Renal/genetics
- Hypertension, Renal/metabolism
- Hypertension, Renal/pathology
- Immunophenotyping
- Integrin alpha4beta1/biosynthesis
- Integrin alpha4beta1/genetics
- Kidney/innervation
- Kidney/pathology
- Lectins/biosynthesis
- Lectins/genetics
- Macrophages/classification
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B/analysis
- Nephritis/chemically induced
- Nephritis/physiopathology
- Nicotine/pharmacology
- Nicotine/toxicity
- Norepinephrine/metabolism
- Prehypertension/etiology
- Prehypertension/genetics
- Prehypertension/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/genetics
- alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/biosynthesis
- alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailesh C Harwani
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.H., J.R., F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C., F.M.A.), Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.W.C., F.M.A.), and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C.), Iowa City; and Department of Pathology (D.K.M.), Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine (F.S.S.), Center for Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases (S.C.H., F.S.S., F.M.A.), and Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.R., M.W.C., F.M.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City.
| | - Jason Ratcliff
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.H., J.R., F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C., F.M.A.), Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.W.C., F.M.A.), and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C.), Iowa City; and Department of Pathology (D.K.M.), Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine (F.S.S.), Center for Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases (S.C.H., F.S.S., F.M.A.), and Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.R., M.W.C., F.M.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Fayyaz S Sutterwala
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.H., J.R., F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C., F.M.A.), Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.W.C., F.M.A.), and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C.), Iowa City; and Department of Pathology (D.K.M.), Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine (F.S.S.), Center for Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases (S.C.H., F.S.S., F.M.A.), and Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.R., M.W.C., F.M.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Zuhair K Ballas
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.H., J.R., F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C., F.M.A.), Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.W.C., F.M.A.), and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C.), Iowa City; and Department of Pathology (D.K.M.), Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine (F.S.S.), Center for Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases (S.C.H., F.S.S., F.M.A.), and Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.R., M.W.C., F.M.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - David K Meyerholz
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.H., J.R., F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C., F.M.A.), Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.W.C., F.M.A.), and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C.), Iowa City; and Department of Pathology (D.K.M.), Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine (F.S.S.), Center for Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases (S.C.H., F.S.S., F.M.A.), and Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.R., M.W.C., F.M.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Mark W Chapleau
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.H., J.R., F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C., F.M.A.), Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.W.C., F.M.A.), and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C.), Iowa City; and Department of Pathology (D.K.M.), Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine (F.S.S.), Center for Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases (S.C.H., F.S.S., F.M.A.), and Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.R., M.W.C., F.M.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Francois M Abboud
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.H., J.R., F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C., F.M.A.), Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.W.C., F.M.A.), and Veterans Affairs Medical Center (F.S.S., Z.K.B., M.W.C.), Iowa City; and Department of Pathology (D.K.M.), Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine (F.S.S.), Center for Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases (S.C.H., F.S.S., F.M.A.), and Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.R., M.W.C., F.M.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
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24
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Simmons RD, Kumar S, Thabet SR, Sur S, Jo H. Omics-based approaches to understand mechanosensitive endothelial biology and atherosclerosis. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 8:378-401. [PMID: 27341633 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease that preferentially occurs in arterial regions exposed to d-flow can be used to indicate disturbed flow or disturbed blood flow. The mechanisms by which d-flow induces atherosclerosis involve changes in the transcriptome, methylome, proteome, and metabolome of multiple vascular cells, especially endothelial cells. Initially, we begin with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the changes that occur at multiple levels owing to d-flow, especially in the endothelium. Also, there are a variety of strategies used for the global profiling of the genome, transcriptome, miRNA-ome, DNA methylome, and metabolome that are important to define the biological and pathophysiological mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Finally, systems biology can be used to integrate these 'omics' datasets, especially those that derive data based on a single animal model, in order to better understand the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis development in a holistic manner and how this integrative approach could be used to identify novel molecular diagnostics and therapeutic targets to prevent or treat atherosclerosis. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2016, 8:378-401. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1344 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D Simmons
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Salim Raid Thabet
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sanjoli Sur
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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25
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Ni L, Wang Z, Yang G, Li T, Liu X, Liu C. Heme oxygenase-1 alleviates cigarette smoke-induced restenosis after vascular angioplasty by attenuating inflammation in rat model. Toxicol Lett 2016; 245:99-105. [PMID: 26809138 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is not only a profound independent risk factor of atherosclerosis, but also aggravates restenosis after vascular angioplasty. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an endogenous antioxidant and cytoprotective enzyme. In this study, we investigated whether HO-1 upregulating by hemin, a potent HO-1 inducer, can protect against cigarette smoke-induced restenosis in rat's carotid arteries after balloon injury. Results showed that cigarette smoke exposure aggravated stenosis of the lumen, promoted infiltration of inflammatory cells, and induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules after balloon-induced carotid artery injury. HO-1 upregulating by hemin treatment reduced these effects of cigarette smoke, whereas the beneficial effects were abolished in the presence of Zincprotoporphyrin IX, an HO-1 inhibitor. To conclude, hemin has potential therapeutic applications in the restenosis prevention after the smokers' vascular angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leng Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 ShuaiFuYuan, DongCheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 ShuaiFuYuan, DongCheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Genhuan Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 ShuaiFuYuan, DongCheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tianjia Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 ShuaiFuYuan, DongCheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xinnong Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 ShuaiFuYuan, DongCheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Changwei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 ShuaiFuYuan, DongCheng District, Beijing 100730, China.
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26
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Jennewein C, Sowa R, Faber AC, Dildey M, von Knethen A, Meybohm P, Scheller B, Dröse S, Zacharowski K. Contribution of Ninjurin1 to Toll-like receptor 4 signaling and systemic inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 53:656-63. [PMID: 25860173 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0354oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve injury-induced protein (Ninjurin [Ninj]) 1 is an adhesion molecule originally identified in Schwann cells after nerve injury, whereas it is also expressed in leukocytes, epithelium, endothelium, and various organs, and is induced under inflammatory conditions. Its contribution to inflammation was so far restricted to the nervous system and exclusively attributed to its role during leukocyte migration. We hypothesized a proinflammatory role for Ninj1 also outside the nervous system. To elucidate its impact during inflammation, we analyzed expression levels and its contribution to inflammation in septic mice and studied its effect on inflammatory signaling in vitro. The effect on inflammation was analyzed by genetic (only in vitro) and pharmacologic repression in septic mice (cecal ligation and puncture) and cell culture, respectively. Repression of Ninj1 by an inhibitory peptide or small interfering RNA attenuated LPS-triggered inflammation in macrophages and endothelial cells by modulating p38 phosphorylation and activator protein-1 activation. Inhibition of Ninj1 in septic mice reduced systemic and pulmonary inflammation as well as organ damage, and ameliorated survival after 24 hours. Ninj1 is elevated under inflammatory conditions and contributes to inflammation not only by mediating leukocyte migration, but also by modulating Toll-like receptor 4-dependent expression of inflammatory mediators. We assume that, owing to both mechanisms, inhibition reduces systemic inflammation and organ damage in septic mice. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the complex inflammatory mechanisms and add a novel therapeutic target for inflammatory conditions such as sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Jennewein
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
| | - Ralf Sowa
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
| | - Anne C Faber
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
| | - Madlen Dildey
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
| | - Andreas von Knethen
- 2 Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Meybohm
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
| | - Bertram Scheller
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
| | - Stefan Dröse
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
| | - Kai Zacharowski
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
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27
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Lincha VR, Zhao BT, Woo MH, Yang IJ, Shin HM. Effects of Constituent Compounds of Smilax china on Nicotine-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:984-92. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mi-Hee Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University
| | - Heung-Mook Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University
- Korea National Developing Institute of Korean Medicine
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28
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The role of endothelial mechanosensitive genes in atherosclerosis and omics approaches. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 591:111-31. [PMID: 26686737 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the U.S., and is a multifactorial disease that preferentially occurs in regions of the arterial tree exposed to disturbed blood flow. The detailed mechanisms by which d-flow induces atherosclerosis involve changes in the expression of genes, epigenetic patterns, and metabolites of multiple vascular cells, especially endothelial cells. This review presents an overview of endothelial mechanobiology and its relation to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis with special reference to the anatomy of the artery and the underlying fluid mechanics, followed by a discussion of a variety of experimental models to study the role of fluid mechanics and atherosclerosis. Various in vitro and in vivo models to study the role of flow in endothelial biology and pathobiology are discussed in this review. Furthermore, strategies used for the global profiling of the genome, transcriptome, miR-nome, DNA methylome, and metabolome, as they are important to define the biological and pathophysiological mechanisms of atherosclerosis. These "omics" approaches, especially those which derive data based on a single animal model, provide unprecedented opportunities to not only better understand the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis development in a holistic and integrative manner, but also to identify novel molecular and diagnostic targets.
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29
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Role of α7 nicotinic receptor in the immune system and intracellular signaling pathways. Cent Eur J Immunol 2015; 40:373-9. [PMID: 26648784 PMCID: PMC4655390 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2015.54602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine has been well known as one of the most exemplary neurotransmitters. In humans, this versatile molecule and its synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase, have been found in various non-neural tissues such as the epithelium, endothelium, mesothelium muscle, blood cells and immune cells. The non-neuronal acetylcholine is accompanied by the expression of acetylcholinesterase and nicotinic/muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Increasing evidence of the non-neuronal acetylcholine system found throughout the last few years has indicated this neurotransmitter as one of the major cellular signaling molecules (associated e.g. with kinases and transcription factors activity). This system is responsible for maintenance and optimization of the cellular function, such as proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, intercellular contact and apoptosis. Additionally, it controls proper activity of immune cells and affects differentiation, antigen presentation or cytokine production (both pro- and anti-inflammatory). The present article reviews recent findings about the non-neuronal cholinergic system in the field of immune system and intracellular signaling pathways.
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Serizawa F, Patterson E, Potter RF, Fraser DD, Cepinskas G. Pretreatment of human cerebrovascular endothelial cells with CO-releasing molecule-3 interferes with JNK/AP-1 signaling and suppresses LPS-induced proadhesive phenotype. Microcirculation 2015; 22:28-36. [PMID: 25098198 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exogenously administered CO interferes with PMN recruitment to the inflamed organs. The mechanisms of CO-dependent modulation of vascular proadhesive phenotype, a key step in PMN recruitment, are unclear. METHODS We assessed the effects/mechanisms of CO liberated from a water-soluble CORM-3 on modulation of the proadhesive phenotype in hCMEC/D3 in an in vitro model of endotoxemia. To this end, hCMEC/D3 were stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for six hours. In some experiments hCMEC/D3 were pretreated with CORM-3 (200 μmol/L) before LPS-stimulation. PMN rolling/adhesion to hCMEC/D3 were assessed under conditions of laminar shear stress (0.7 dyn/cm(2) ). In parallel, expression of adhesion molecules E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 (qPCR), activation of transcription factors, NF-κB and AP-1 (ELISA), and MAPK-signaling (expression/phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK1/2; western blot) were assessed. RESULTS The obtained results indicate that CORM-3 pretreatment reduces PMN rolling/adhesion to LPS-stimulated hCMEC/D3 (p < 0.05). Decreased PMN rolling/adhesion to hCMEC/D3 was associated with CORM-3-dependent inhibition of MAPK JNK1/2 activation (Tyr-phosphorylation), inhibition of transcription factor, AP-1 (c-Jun phosphorylation), and subsequent suppression of VCAM-1 expression (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that CORM-3 pretreatment interferes with JNK/AP-1 signaling and suppresses LPS-induced upregulation of the proadhesive phenotype in hCMEC/D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukashi Serizawa
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Schweitzer KS, Chen SX, Law S, Van Demark M, Poirier C, Justice MJ, Hubbard WC, Kim ES, Lai X, Wang M, Kranz WD, Carroll CJ, Ray BD, Bittman R, Goodpaster J, Petrache I. Endothelial disruptive proinflammatory effects of nicotine and e-cigarette vapor exposures. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L175-87. [PMID: 25979079 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00411.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased use of inhaled nicotine via e-cigarettes has unknown risks to lung health. Having previously shown that cigarette smoke (CS) extract disrupts the lung microvasculature barrier function by endothelial cell activation and cytoskeletal rearrangement, we investigated the contribution of nicotine in CS or e-cigarettes (e-Cig) to lung endothelial injury. Primary lung microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to nicotine, e-Cig solution, or condensed e-Cig vapor (1-20 mM nicotine) or to nicotine-free CS extract or e-Cig solutions. Compared with nicotine-containing extract, nicotine free-CS extract (10-20%) caused significantly less endothelial permeability as measured with electric cell-substrate impedance sensing. Nicotine exposures triggered dose-dependent loss of endothelial barrier in cultured cell monolayers and rapidly increased lung inflammation and oxidative stress in mice. The endothelial barrier disruptive effects were associated with increased intracellular ceramides, p38 MAPK activation, and myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, and was critically mediated by Rho-activated kinase via inhibition of MLC-phosphatase unit MYPT1. Although nicotine at sufficient concentrations to cause endothelial barrier loss did not trigger cell necrosis, it markedly inhibited cell proliferation. Augmentation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling via S1P1 improved both endothelial cell proliferation and barrier function during nicotine exposures. Nicotine-independent effects of e-Cig solutions were noted, which may be attributable to acrolein, detected along with propylene glycol, glycerol, and nicotine by NMR, mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography, in both e-Cig solutions and vapor. These results suggest that soluble components of e-Cig, including nicotine, cause dose-dependent loss of lung endothelial barrier function, which is associated with oxidative stress and brisk inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S Schweitzer
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Steven X Chen
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sarah Law
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mary Van Demark
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Christophe Poirier
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Matthew J Justice
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Walter C Hubbard
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elena S Kim
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Xianyin Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - William D Kranz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Clinton J Carroll
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bruce D Ray
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Robert Bittman
- Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York; and
| | - John Goodpaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
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32
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Yang GH, Li YC, Wang ZQ, Liu B, Ye W, Ni L, Zeng R, Miao SY, Wang LF, Liu CW. Protective effect of melatonin on cigarette smoke-induced restenosis in rat carotid arteries after balloon injury. J Pineal Res 2014; 57:451-8. [PMID: 25251422 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascular restenosis after the interventional angioplasty remains the main obstacle to a favorable long-term patency. Many researches suggest cigarette smoking is one of the most important causes of restenosis. This study was designed to investigate whether melatonin could protect against the cigarette smoke-induced restenosis in rat carotid arteries after balloon injury. Three groups of male rats (normal condition, cigarette smoke exposed, cigarette smoke exposed, and melatonin injected) were used in this study. An established balloon-induced carotid artery injury was performed, and the carotid arteries were harvested from these three groups 14 days later. The ratio of intima to media, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, the expression of inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1), adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1), and eNOS were measured. The results showed that cigarette smoke exposure aggravated the stenosis of the lumen, promoted the infiltration of inflammatory cells and induced the expression of the inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules after the balloon-induced carotid artery injury. Moreover, cigarette smoke exposure can inhibit the expression of eNOS. Particularly, we surprised that melatonin could minimize this effect caused by cigarette smoke. These results suggested that melatonin could prevent the cigarette smoke-induced restenosis in rat carotid arteries after balloon injury and the mechanism of its protective effect may be the inhibition of the inflammatory reaction. This also implies melatonin has the potential therapeutic applicability in prevention of restenosis after the vascular angioplasty in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-Huan Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Skeoch S, Haque S, Pemberton P, Bruce IN. Cell adhesion molecules as potential biomarkers of nephritis, damage and accelerated atherosclerosis in patients with SLE. Lupus 2014; 23:819-24. [PMID: 24647443 PMCID: PMC4232262 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314528061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the current study was to compare levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin in lupus patients and controls and to investigate their association with clinical phenotype, disease activity and damage. Methods We compared levels of serum VCAM-1 and E-selectin in 178 female lupus patients and 69 age-and sex-matched controls. Using linear regression we also examined the association between these markers and disease activity, damage, renal and skin involvement as well as clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease. Results E-selectin was increased in patients compared to controls (median (IQR) 10.5 (6.85, 13.9) vs 7.86 (5.39, 10.4) ng/ml; p < 0.001). E-selectin was also associated with overall damage and carotid plaque (β (95% confidence interval): 0.27 (0.029, 0.511) and 0.26 (0.148, 0.507)). Whilst there was no significant difference in VCAM-1 levels between groups overall, we found a significant association between VCAM-1 and with active renal disease (β (95% confidence interval): 1.10 (0.69, 1.51)). Conclusions E-selectin may act as a marker of cardiovascular risk in SLE, whilst VCAM-1 may have a role as a non-invasive biomarker for lupus nephritis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Skeoch
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute for Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - S Haque
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute for Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - P Pemberton
- Specialist Assay Laboratory, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - I N Bruce
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute for Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK The Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Polfus LM, Smith JA, Shimmin LC, Bielak LF, Morrison AC, Kardia SLR, Peyser PA, Hixson JE. Genome-wide association study of gene by smoking interactions in coronary artery calcification. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74642. [PMID: 24098343 PMCID: PMC3789744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many GWAS have identified novel loci associated with common diseases, but have focused only on main effects of individual genetic variants rather than interactions with environmental factors (GxE). Identification of GxE interactions is particularly important for coronary heart disease (CHD), a major preventable source of morbidity and mortality with strong non-genetic risk factors. Atherosclerosis is the major cause of CHD, and coronary artery calcification (CAC) is directly correlated with quantity of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. In the current study, we tested for genetic variants influencing extent of CAC via interaction with smoking (GxS), by conducting a GxS discovery GWAS in Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) sibships (N = 915 European Americans) followed by replication in Framingham Heart Study (FHS) sibships (N = 1025 European Americans). Generalized estimating equations accounted for the correlation within sibships in strata-specific groups of smokers and nonsmokers, as well as GxS interaction. Primary analysis found SNPs that showed suggestive associations (p≤10−5) in GENOA GWAS, but these index SNPs did not replicate in FHS. However, secondary analysis was able to replicate candidate gene regions in FHS using other SNPs (+/−250 kb of GENOA index SNP). In smoker and nonsmoker groups, replicated genes included TCF7L2 (p = 6.0×10−5) and WWOX (p = 4.5×10−6); and TNFRSF8 (p = 7.8×10−5), respectively. For GxS interactions, replicated genes included TBC1D4 (p = 6.9×10−5) and ADAMTS9 (P = 7.1×10−5). Interestingly, these genes are involved in inflammatory pathways mediated by the NF-κB axis. Since smoking is known to induce chronic and systemic inflammation, association of these genes likely reflects roles in CAC development via inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, the NF-κB axis regulates bone remodeling, a key physiological process in CAC development. In conclusion, GxS GWAS has yielded evidence for novel loci that are associated with CAC via interaction with smoking, providing promising new targets for future population-based and functional studies of CAC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M. Polfus
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lawrence C. Shimmin
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James E. Hixson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hu N, Han X, Lane EK, Gao F, Zhang Y, Ren J. Cardiac-specific overexpression of metallothionein rescues against cigarette smoking exposure-induced myocardial contractile and mitochondrial damage. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57151. [PMID: 23431404 PMCID: PMC3576371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Second hand cigarette smoke is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although a tie between smoking and cardiovascular disease is well established, the underlying mechanisms still remains elusive due to the lack of adequate animal models. This study was designed to use a mouse model of exposure to cigarette smoke, a surrogate of environmental tobacco smoke, to evaluate the impact of cardiac overexpression of heavy metal scavenger metallothionein on myocardial geometry, contractile and intracellular Ca2+ properties and apoptosis following side-stream smoke exposure. Methods Adult male wild-type FVB and metallothionein transgenic mice were placed in a chamber exposed to cigarette smoke for 1 hour daily for 40 days. Echocardiographic, cardiomyocyte contractile and intracellular Ca2+ properties, fibrosis, apoptosis and mitochondrial damage were examined. Results Our data revealed that smoke exposure enlarged ventricular end systolic and diastolic diameters, reduced myocardial and cardiomyocyte contractile function, disrupted intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, facilitated fibrosis, apoptosis and mitochondrial damage (cytochrome C release and aconitase activity), the effects of which were attenuated or mitigated by metallothionein. In addition, side-stream smoke expose enhanced phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3β without affecting pan protein expression in the heart, the effect of which was abolished or ameliorated by metallothionein. Cigarette smoke extract interrupted cardiomyocyte contractile function and intracellular Ca2+ properties, the effect of which was mitigated by wortmannin and NAC. Conclusions These data suggest that side-stream smoke exposure led to myocardial dysfunction, intracellular Ca2+ mishandling, apoptosis, fibrosis and mitochondrial damage, indicating the therapeutic potential of antioxidant against in second smoking-induced cardiac defects possibly via mitochondrial damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Xuefeng Han
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erin K. Lane
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- * E-mail: (JR); (YZ)
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- * E-mail: (JR); (YZ)
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NF-κB pathway mediates vascular smooth muscle response to nicotine. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:375-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Inflammatory effects of resistin on human smooth muscle cells: up-regulation of fractalkine and its receptor, CX3CR1 expression by TLR4 and Gi-protein pathways. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 351:161-74. [PMID: 23086480 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the atherosclerotic plaque, smooth muscle cells (SMC) acquire an inflammatory phenotype. Resistin and fractalkine (CX3CL1) are found in human atheroma and not in normal arteries. CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 are predominately associated with SMC. We have questioned whether resistin has a role in the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in SMC thus contributing to the pro-inflammatory status of these cells. Cultured human aortic SMC were stimulated with 100 ng/ml resistin for 4, 6, 12, and 24 h, and then CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription with the polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. We found that resistin up-regulated CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in SMC and induced the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and STAT3. Inhibitors of p38MAPK, JAK-STAT, NF-kB, and AP-1 significantly reduced CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression. Knockdown of STAT1 and STAT3 with decoy oligodeoxinucleotides and the silencing of p65 and cjun with short interfering RNA decreased CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression. Anti-TLR4 antibody and pertussis toxin also reduced CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 protein expression. xCELLigence experiments revealed that resistin probably uses Gi-proteins for its effect on SMC. The CX3CL1 induced by resistin exhibited a chemotactic effect on monocyte transmigration. Thus, (1) resistin contributes to the pro-inflammatory state of SMC by the up-regulation of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression via a mechanism involving NF-kB, AP-1, and STAT1/3 transcription factors, (2) resistin employs TLR4 and Gi-protein signaling for its effect on SMC, (3) CX3CL1 induced by resistin is functional in monocyte chemotaxis. The data reveal new mechanisms by which resistin promotes the inflammatory phenotype of SMC.
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Motawi T, Shaker O, Taha N, Abdel Raheem M. Genetic variations in E-selectin and ICAM-1: relation to atherosclerosis. Med Sci Monit 2012; 18:CR381-9. [PMID: 22648254 PMCID: PMC3560716 DOI: 10.12659/msm.882908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the association of both intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial cell adhesion molecule (E-selectin) polymorphisms using PCR technique and their role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Material/Methods The study enrolled 285 individuals, classified into 4 groups: 63 cerebrovascular atherosclerotic patients, 75 cardiovascular patients, 72 peripheral atherosclerotic patients and 75 normal healthy individuals. Results The frequency of the mutant AC genotype of E-selectin in peripheral, cerebral and cardiovascular atherosclerotic patients was significantly higher than in control subjects (29.17%, 28.53% and 28% vs. 8%, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed in the frequency of mutant CC allele between all atherosclerotic patients and control groups. The frequency of the mutant EE homozygotes of ICAM-1 in peripheral, cerebral and cardiovascular atherosclerotic patients was significantly higher compared to controls (45.8%, 42.9% and 36% vs. 12%, respectively). The frequency of EK of ICAM-1 showed no significant difference between atherosclerotic patients and the control group. The frequency of the mutant E allele of ICAM-1 was significantly higher in peripheral, cerebral and cardiovascular patients compared to controls (58.3%, 54.8% and 54% vs. 26%, respectively). Conclusions Ser 128Arg of E-selectin and the K469E of ICAM-1 polymorphisms may be involved in predisposition to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Motawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Yamashita N, Abe R, Nixon AM, Rochier AL, Madri JA, Sumpio BE. Cyclic strain delays the expression of tissue factor induced by thrombin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int J Angiol 2012; 20:157-66. [PMID: 22942631 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most studies of tissue factor (TF) expression in endothelial cells (EC) are performed under stationary culture conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of mechanical stimuli such as cyclic strain (CS) on the expression of TF in EC exposed to thrombin (Thr). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were exposed to 4 U·mL(-1) Thr in the presence or absence of 10% average CS at 60 cycles·min(-1) and then TF expression was measured. TF messenger RNA (mRNA) expression peaked at 2 hours in HUVEC exposed to Thr, but at 4 hours in HUVEC exposed to both Thr + CS. TF expression was inhibited by p38 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) inhibitors. For both Thr or Thr + CS stimuli, p38 and ERK activity peaked at 5 minutes (p < 0.05). Nuclear factor-kappa B levels remained high in the Thr group but not in the Thr + CS group, while Egr-1 levels were elevated in the Thr + CS group. We demonstrated CS-delayed, Thr-induced TF mRNA expression in HUVEC, which may be modulated by p38 and ERK inhibitors.
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Alamanda V, Singh S, Lawrence NJ, Chellappan SP. Nicotine-mediated induction of E-selectin in aortic endothelial cells requires Src kinase and E2F1 transcriptional activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 418:56-61. [PMID: 22240023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is highly correlated with enhanced likelihood of atherosclerosis by inducing endothelial dysfunction. In endothelial cells, various cell-adhesion molecules including E-selectin, are shown to be upregulated upon exposure to nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco smoke; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this induction are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that nicotine-induced E-selectin transcription in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) could be significantly blocked by α7-nAChR subunit inhibitor, α-BT, Src-kinase inhibitor, PP2, or siRNAs against Src or β-Arrestin-1 (β-Arr1). Further, chromatin immunoprecipitations show that E-selectin is an E2F1 responsive gene and nicotine stimulation results in increased recruitment of E2F1 on E-selectin promoter. Inhibiting E2F1 activity using RRD-251, a disruptor of the Rb-Raf-1 kinase interaction, could significantly inhibit the nicotine-induced recruitment of E2F1 to the E-selectin promoter as well as E-selectin expression. Interestingly, stimulation of HAECs with nicotine results in increased adhesion of U937 monocytic cells to HAECs and could be inhibited by pre-treatment with RRD-251. Similarly, depletion of E2F1 or Src using RNAi blocked the increased adhesion of monocytes to nicotine-stimulated HAECs. These results suggest that nicotine-stimulated adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells is dependent on the activation of α7-nAChRs, β-Arr1 and cSrc regulated increase in E2F1-mediated transcription of E-selectin gene. Therefore, agents such as RRD-251 that can target activity of E2F1 may have potential therapeutic benefit against cigarette smoke induced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Alamanda
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Takabe W, Warabi E, Noguchi N. Anti-atherogenic effect of laminar shear stress via Nrf2 activation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:1415-26. [PMID: 21126170 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fluid shear stress plays a critical role in the regulation of vascular biology and its pathology, such as atherosclerosis, via modulation of redox balance. Both pro-atherogenic (either oscillatory or turbulent, nonunidirectional) shear stress and anti-atherogenic (either steady or pulsatile, unidirectional laminar) shear stress stimulate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that are involved in signal transduction of gene expression. Nonunidirectional shear stress induces pro-atherogenic genes encoding adhesion molecules and chemokines in a manner dependent on production of both superoxide and nitric oxide. Steady or pulsatile laminar shear stress induces expression of genes encoding cytoprotective enzymes for glutathione biosynthesis and detoxification, which are regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). We show that pulsatile laminar shear stress (PLSS)-induced expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines was enhanced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) treated with Nrf2 siRNA and arterial endothelial cells isolated from Nrf2 knockout mice. Hence, we propose the hypothesis that PLSS maintains the endothelium in an anti-atherogenic state via intracellular antioxidant levels increased as a result of Nrf2 activation, thereby preventing excess ROS/RNS production required for pro-atherogenic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Takabe
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Li Q, Zhou XD, Kolosov VP, Perelman JM. Nicotine reduces TNF-α expression through a α7 nAChR/MyD88/NF-ĸB pathway in HBE16 airway epithelial cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2011; 27:605-12. [PMID: 21691078 DOI: 10.1159/000329982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore the signaling mechanism associated with the inhibitory effect of nicotine on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α expression in human airway epithelial cells. METHODS HBE16 airway epithelial cells were cultured and incubated with either nicotine or cigarette smoke extract (CE). Cells were then transfected with α1, α5, or α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The effects of nicotine on the production of proinflammatory factors TNF-α, in transfected cells were analyzed. Furthermore, we assayed the expression levels of myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) protein, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65 protein, NF-κB activity and NF-κB inhibitor alpha (I-κBα) expression in cells after treatment with nicotine or α7 nAChR inhibitor, α -bungarotoxin (α-BTX). RESULTS The production of TNF-α was lower in cells pretreated with nicotine before lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, compared with LPS-only-treated cells. In contrast, in α7 siRNA-transfected cells incubated with nicotine and LPS, TNF-α expression was higher than that in non-transfected cells or in α1 or α5 siRNA-transfected cells. Addition of MyD88 siRNA or the NF-κB inhibitor pyridine-2,6-dithiocarboxylic acid (PDTC) also reduced TNF-α expression. Furthermore, we found that nicotine decreased MyD88 protein, NF-κB p65 protein, NF-κB activity and phospho-I-κBα expression induced by CE or LPS. The inhibitor α-BTX could reverse these effects. CONCLUSION Nicotine reduces TNF-α expression in HBE16 airway epithelial cells, mainly through an α7 nAChR/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Pons M, Marin-Castaño ME. Nicotine increases the VEGF/PEDF ratio in retinal pigment epithelium: a possible mechanism for CNV in passive smokers with AMD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011; 52:3842-53. [PMID: 21330654 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-6254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cigarette smoking is the strongest environmental risk factor for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Inappropriate expression of proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and antiangiogenic pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) may cause choroidal neovascularization (CNV), a key event in wet AMD, resulting in vision loss. Nicotine (NT), a potent angiogenic agent abundant in second-hand smoke, may play a major role in the pathogenesis of wet AMD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchR) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and determine the effects of NT on RPE-derived VEGF and PEDF expression in the context of passive smoking. METHODS Human RPE cells were treated with NT (10(-8) M), with or without the nAchR-nonspecific antagonist hexamethonium (HXM) (10(-5) M) for 72 hours. RPE sheets were microdissected from rats exposed to NT in drinking water (100 μg/mL), with or without HXM (40 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally), for 72 hours. Cell death was determined by cell count and proliferation by Western blot for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). nAchR expression was examined by real-time PCR and Western blot. ERK activation was evaluated by Western blot analysis. VEGF and PEDF expression was assessed by ELISA, Western blot, and real-time PCR. RESULTS Cultured RPE cells constitutively expressed the nAchR α3, α10, and β1 subunits, with β1 being the most prevalent. The nAchR α4, α5, α7, and β2 subunits were detected in RPE sheets from rats, among which α4 is the predominant subtype. NT, which did not result in either cell death or proliferation, induced β1 nAchR, upregulated VEGF, and downregulated PEDF expression through nAChR in ARPE-19 cells. Transcriptional activation of the nAchR α4 subunit and nAChR-mediated upregulation of VEGF and PEDF were observed in RPE from rats exposed to NT. CONCLUSIONS NT increased the VEGF-to-PEDF ratio in the RPE through nAchR in vitro and in vivo. This alteration in the ratio may play a key role in the progression to wet AMD in passive smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Pons
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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Wang TM, Chen CJ, Lee TS, Chao HY, Wu WH, Hsieh SC, Sheu HH, Chiang AN. Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates VCAM-1 expression and NF-κB activation in TNF-α-treated human aortic endothelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 22:187-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 01/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bradford ST, Stamatovic SM, Dondeti RS, Keep RF, Andjelkovic AV. Nicotine aggravates the brain postischemic inflammatory response. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 300:H1518-29. [PMID: 21239632 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00928.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A substantial body of evidence suggests that nicotine adversely affects cerebral blood flow and the blood-brain barrier and is a risk factor for stroke. The present study investigated the effect of nicotine on cerebrovascular endothelium under basal and ischemia/reperfusion injury under in vivo condition. Nicotine (2 mg/kg sc) was administered to mice over 14 days, which resulted in plasma nicotine levels of ∼100 ng/ml, reflecting plasma concentrations in average to heavy smokers. An analysis of the phenotype of isolated brain microvessels after nicotine exposure indicated higher expression of inflammatory mediators, cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-18), chemokines (CCL2 and CX(3)CL1), and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and P-selectins), and this was accompanied by enhanced leukocyte infiltration into brain during ischemia/reperfusion (P < 0.01). Nicotine had a profound effect on ischemia/reperfusion injury; i.e., increased brain infarct size (P < 0.01), worse neurological deficits, and a higher mortality rate. These experiments illuminate, for the first time, how nicotine regulates brain endothelial cell phenotype and postischemic inflammatory response at the brain-vascular interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayna T Bradford
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48109-0532, USA
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Wecker L, Pollock VV, Pacheco MA, Pastoor T. Nicotine-induced up regulation of α4β2 neuronal nicotinic receptors is mediated by the protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of α4 subunits. Neuroscience 2010; 171:12-22. [PMID: 20837109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Sustained exposure to nicotine is well known to increase the cell surface density of α4β2* neuronal nicotinic receptors both in vivo and in vitro, but the cellular mechanisms mediating this effect are equivocal. Using a pharmacological approach to investigate the effects of nicotine on receptor subunit expression and phosphorylation in SH-EP1 cells expressing human α4 and β2 nicotinic receptor subunits, we have demonstrated that incubation with nicotine for 24 h increased the expression of immature and mature forms of both α4 and β2 subunits in a concentration-dependent manner, and that inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC), but not cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibited the nicotine-induced increased expression of subunits. Incubation of cells with nicotine for 24 h also increased the phosphorylation of immature forms of α4 subunits similar to that induced by activation of either PKC or PKA. When cells were preincubated with nicotine, the PKC-mediated increased phosphorylation was inhibited; the PKA-mediated phosphorylation was unaltered. The phosphopeptide maps for immature α4 subunits following nicotine exposure or PKC activation were identical, and phosphoamino acid analyses indicated phosphorylation on serine residues only. Results indicate that nicotine-induced up regulation of α4β2 neuronal nicotinic receptors involves a PKC-dependent mechanism and likely reflects the ability of nicotine to activate PKC, leading to the phosphorylation of immature α4 subunits, promoting subunit assembly and receptor maturation. Because up regulation of these receptors has been implicated to mediate tolerance, locomotor sensitization and addiction to nicotine, results identify a potential new target for modulating the effects of nicotine on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wecker
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Rubenstein DA, Morton BE, Yin W. The combined effects of sidestream smoke extracts and glycated serum albumin on endothelial cells and platelets. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2010; 9:28. [PMID: 20604957 PMCID: PMC2909174 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-9-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that sidestream tobacco smoke extracts would inhibit the culture of endothelial cells and enhance platelet aggregation under diabetic vascular conditions. Sidestream tobacco smoke and advanced glycation end products are known cardiovascular risk factors and we aimed to determine the combined interaction between these two risk factors to promote cardiovascular diseases associated with diabetes. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured in the presence of sidestream tobacco smoke extracts (SHS) or nicotine and glycated albumin (AGE) or non-glycated albumin. After 3 days, endothelial cell viability and density were investigated. Platelets were also incubated with these compounds for up to 6 hours. Platelet aggregation and the surface expression of CD41 and CD62P were examined. In some experiments, platelets were added to the endothelial cell culture to determine if an interaction between platelets and endothelial cells occurs that can alter the responses to SHS or AGE. Results In general, the endothelial cell culture conditions were reduced in the presence of AGE and SHS. Nicotine, did not play a role in this reduction. Platelet aggregation proceeded faster in the presence of AGE and SHS. Interestingly, with the combined culture of endothelial cells and platelets, the endothelial cell culture conditions were improved and the platelet functional changes were diminished in the presence of SHS and AGE, as compared with the individual incubations. Conclusions Our data suggests that diabetics that are exposed to SHS may have a higher likelihood for cardiovascular disease development through a diminished endothelial cell viability and an increased platelet activity, which are partially mediated by CD41 and not CD62P. This study provides support for an increased cardiovascular risk for diabetic patients that are exposed to SHS. This study also provides a new experimental technique to monitor platelet-endothelial cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Rubenstein
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA.
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Cheng Q, McKeown SJ, Santos L, Santiago FS, Khachigian LM, Morand EF, Hickey MJ. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor increases leukocyte-endothelial interactions in human endothelial cells via promotion of expression of adhesion molecules. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:1238-47. [PMID: 20554956 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0904104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to promote leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, although whether this occurs via an effect on endothelial cell function remains unclear. Therefore, the aims of this study were to examine the ability of MIF expressed by endothelial cells to promote leukocyte adhesion and to investigate the effect of exogenous MIF on leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Using small interfering RNA to inhibit HUVEC MIF production, we found that MIF deficiency reduced the ability of TNF-stimulated HUVECs to support leukocyte rolling and adhesion under flow conditions. These reductions were associated with decreased expression of E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-8, and MCP-1. Inhibition of p38 MAPK had a similar effect on adhesion molecule expression, and p38 MAPK activation was reduced in MIF-deficient HUVECs, suggesting that MIF mediated these effects via promotion of p38 MAPK activation. In experiments examining the effect of exogenous MIF, application of MIF to resting HUVECs failed to induce leukocyte rolling and adhesion, whereas addition of MIF to TNF-treated HUVECs increased these interactions. This increase was independent of alterations in TNF-induced expression of E-selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1. However, combined treatment with MIF and TNF induced de novo expression of P-selectin, which contributed to leukocyte rolling. In summary, these experiments reveal that endothelial cell-expressed MIF and exogenous MIF promote endothelial adhesive function via different pathways. Endogenous MIF promotes leukocyte recruitment via effects on endothelial expression of several adhesion molecules and chemokines, whereas exogenous MIF facilitates leukocyte recruitment induced by TNF by promoting endothelial P-selectin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Unverdorben M, von Holt K, Winkelmann BR. Smoking and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: part II: role of cigarette smoking in cardiovascular disease development. Biomark Med 2010; 3:617-53. [PMID: 20477529 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.09.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential mechanisms and biomarkers of atherosclerosis related to cigarette smoking - a modifiable risk factor for that disease - are discussed in this article. These include smoking-associated inflammatory markers, such as leukocytes, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, ICAM-1 and IL-6. Other reviewed markers are indicative for smoking-related impairment of arterial endothelial function (transcapillary leakage of albumin, inhibition of endogenous nitric oxide synthase activity and reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation) or point to oxidative stress caused by various chemicals (cholesterol oxidation, autoantibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein, plasma levels of malondialdehyde and F(2)-isoprostanes and reduced antioxidant capacity). Smoking enhances platelet aggregability, increases blood viscosity and shifts the pro- and antithrombotic balance towards increased coagulability (e.g., fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, ICAM-1 and P-selectin). Insulin resistance is higher in smokers compared with nonsmokers, and hemoglobin A1c is dose-dependently elevated, as is homocysteine. Smoke exposure may influence the kinetics of markers with different response to transient or chronic changes in cigarette smoking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Unverdorben
- Clinical Research Institute, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Heinz-Meise-Strasse 100, 36199 Rotenburg an der Fulda, Germany.
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Zhou Y, Wang ZX, Tang MP, Yao CJ, Xu WJ, Wang LY, Qiao ZD. Nicotine induces cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:461-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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