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Ji F, Tran S, Ogawa E, Huang CF, Suzuki T, Wong YJ, Toyoda H, Jun DW, Li L, Uojima H, Nozaki A, Chuma M, Tseng CH, Hsu YC, Ishigami M, Honda T, Atsukawa M, Haga H, Enomoto M, Trinh H, Preda CM, Vutien P, Landis C, Lee DH, Watanabe T, Takahashi H, Abe H, Asai A, Eguchi Y, Li J, Wang X, Li J, Liu J, Liang J, Lam CPM, Huang R, Ye Q, Pan H, Zhang J, Cai D, Wang Q, Huang DQ, Wong G, Wong VWS, Li J, Do S, Furusyo N, Nakamuta M, Nomura H, Kajiwara E, Yoon EL, Ahn SB, Azuma K, Dohmen K, An J, Song DS, Cho HC, Kawano A, Koyanagi T, Ooho A, Satoh T, Takahashi K, Yeh ML, Tsai PC, Yasuda S, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Okubo T, Itokawa N, Jun MJ, Ishikawa T, Takaguchi K, Senoh T, Zhang M, Zhao C, Alecu RI, Xuan Tay W, Devan P, Liu JK, Kozuka R, Vargas-Accarino E, Do AT, Maeda M, Chuang WL, Huang JF, Dai CY, Cheung R, Buti M, Niu J, Xie W, Ren H, Lim SG, Wu C, Yuen MF, Shang J, Zhu Q, Ueno Y, Tanaka Y, Hayashi J, Yu ML, Nguyen MH. Real-world Effectiveness and Tolerability of Interferon-free Direct-acting Antiviral for 15,849 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Multinational Cohort Study. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:646-658. [PMID: 38993510 PMCID: PMC11233980 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2024.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims As practice patterns and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) vary geographically, a global real-world study from both East and West covering all GTs can help inform practice policy toward the 2030 HCV elimination goal. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of DAA treatment in routine clinical practice in a multinational cohort for patients infected with all HCV GTs, focusing on GT3 and GT6. Methods We analyzed the sustained virological response (SVR12) of 15,849 chronic hepatitis C patients from 39 Real-World Evidence from the Asia Liver Consortium for HCV clinical sites in Asia Pacific, North America, and Europe between 07/01/2014-07/01/2021. Results The mean age was 62±13 years, with 49.6% male. The demographic breakdown was 91.1% Asian (52.9% Japanese, 25.7% Chinese/Taiwanese, 5.4% Korean, 3.3% Malaysian, and 2.9% Vietnamese), 6.4% White, 1.3% Hispanic/Latino, and 1% Black/African-American. Additionally, 34.8% had cirrhosis, 8.6% had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 24.9% were treatment-experienced (20.7% with interferon, 4.3% with direct-acting antivirals). The largest group was GT1 (10,246 [64.6%]), followed by GT2 (3,686 [23.2%]), GT3 (1,151 [7.2%]), GT6 (457 [2.8%]), GT4 (47 [0.3%]), GT5 (1 [0.006%]), and untyped GTs (261 [1.6%]). The overall SVR12 was 96.9%, with rates over 95% for GT1/2/3/6 but 91.5% for GT4. SVR12 for GT3 was 95.1% overall, 98.2% for GT3a, and 94.0% for GT3b. SVR12 was 98.3% overall for GT6, lower for patients with cirrhosis and treatment-experienced (TE) (93.8%) but ≥97.5% for treatment-naive patients regardless of cirrhosis status. On multivariable analysis, advanced age, prior treatment failure, cirrhosis, active HCC, and GT3/4 were independent predictors of lower SVR12, while being Asian was a significant predictor of achieving SVR12. Conclusions In this diverse multinational real-world cohort of patients with various GTs, the overall cure rate was 96.9%, despite large numbers of patients with cirrhosis, HCC, TE, and GT3/6. SVR12 for GT3/6 with cirrhosis and TE was lower but still excellent (>91%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanpu Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sally Tran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Eiichi Ogawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yu Jun Wong
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singhealth, Singapore
- Singhealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Program, Singapore
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Liu Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Haruki Uojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akito Nozaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Chuma
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Cheng-Hao Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Haga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Department of Hepatology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Huy Trinh
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Carmen Monica Preda
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Phillip Vutien
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Landis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Good Gang-An Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Tsunamasa Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Eguchi
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
- Locomedical General Institute, Locomedical Eguchi Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second People's Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Junping Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Carla Pui-Mei Lam
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- Department of Hepatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajie Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dachuan Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Center of liver diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel Q Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Grace Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Son Do
- Digestive Health Associates of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Makoto Nakamuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nomura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haradoi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Kajiwara
- Hepatology Clinic, Kajiwara Clinic, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Eileen L Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Koichi Azuma
- Department of Medicine, Kyushu Central Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Dohmen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chihaya Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jihyun An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Do Seon Song
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Akira Kawano
- Department of Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Aritsune Ooho
- Department of Hepatology, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Takeaki Satoh
- Center for Liver Disease, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Yunyu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yishan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tomomi Okubo
- Division of Gastoroentelorogy, Nippon Medcal School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norio Itokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mi Jung Jun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Good Gang-An Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koichi Takaguchi
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tomonori Senoh
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Changqing Zhao
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Raluca Ioana Alecu
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Wei Xuan Tay
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singhealth, Singapore
| | - Pooja Devan
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singhealth, Singapore
| | - Joanne Kimiko Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ai-Thien Do
- Digestive Health Associates of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mayumi Maeda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Ramsey Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Maria Buti
- Liver Diseases Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Valle d'Hebron and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Center of liver diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Hayashi
- Kyushu General Internal Medicine Center, Haradoi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung
| | - Mindie H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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4
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Xi Y, Guo Y, Qiu S, Lv F, Deng Y, Xie J, Xing Z, Bo Y, Chang C, Zhang F, Ji F, Li M. Trends in gynaecologic cancer mortality and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Infect Agent Cancer 2024; 19:4. [PMID: 38378712 PMCID: PMC10880335 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-024-00567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to assess the trend in gynaecologic cancer (GC) mortality in the period from 2010 to 2022 in the United States, with focus on the impact of the pandemic on increased deaths. METHODS GC mortality data were extracted from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) platform. We analysed mortality trends and evaluated observed vs. predicted mortality for the period from 2020 to 2022 with joinpoint regression and prediction modelling analyses. RESULTS A total of 334,382 deaths among adults aged 25 years and older with gynaecologic cancer were documented from 2010 to 2022. The overall age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR, per 100,000 persons) for ovarian cancer-related death decreased gradually from 7.189 in 2010 to 5.517 in 2019, yielding an APC (annual percentage change) of -2.8%. However, the decrease in ovarian cancer-related mortality slowed down by more than 4-fold during the pandemic. Cervical cancer -related mortality decreased slightly prior to the pandemic and increased during the pandemic with an APC of 0.6%, resulting in excess mortality of 4.92%, 9.73% and 2.03% in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. For uterine corpus cancer, the ASMR increased from 1.905 in 2010 to 2.787 in 2019, and increased sharply to 3.079 in 2021 and 3.211 in 2022. The ASMR rose steadily between 2013 and 2022, yielding an APC of 6.9%. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found that GC-related mortality increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and this increase was not specific to age, race, or ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Xi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Yuxin Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Sikai Qiu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Lv
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyi Xie
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zixuan Xing
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Yajing Bo
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenyu Chang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fanpu Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China.
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China.
- Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China.
| | - Mu Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China.
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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6
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Kaur B, Yeo YH, Liang J, Luu M, Ayoub W, Kuo A, Trivedi H, Sankar K, Gong J, Hendifar A, Osipov A, Kosari K, Nissen N, Noureddin M, Singal AG, Yang JD. COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Diagnosis, Stage, and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2023; 3:230-237. [PMID: 39129956 PMCID: PMC11308067 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aims The change in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) care continuum during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains unknown at a national level in the United States. We sought to determine the impact of the pandemic on incident HCC cases, clinical characteristics, and treatment in the United States. Methods Using the National Cancer Database, we analyzed incident HCC cases from 2010 to 2020. The incidence rate was calculated using the population data for each year from the census bureau. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied for trend analysis, and a polynomial regression model estimated the number of projected HCC cases in 2020 according to the trend of rates from 2010 to 2019. The distribution of cancer stage and treatment modality were assessed. Results The pandemic led to a significant reduction in reported HCC cases, from 19,597 in 2019 to 16,188 in 2020. The projected number of HCC for 2020 was 19,011, corresponding to a 14.8% reduction in 2020. Extent of reduction in the number of incident HCC cases relative to estimated cases remains consistent in racial and ethnic subgroups. Despite underdiagnosis of HCC in 2020, proportion of patients with early tumor stage (30.5% for Tumour, Node, Metastasis stage 1) and curative treatment receipt (9.1% for surgical resection, 13% for ablation, 4.2% for liver transplant) for HCC remained stable in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion There was a significant reduction in HCC cases in 2020 compared to pre-COVID years. While tumor stage and proportion of patients receiving curative treatment remained stable, continued follow-up is needed to assess potential changes during subsequent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Kaur
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yee Hui Yeo
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeff Liang
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael Luu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Walid Ayoub
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexander Kuo
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hirsh Trivedi
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kamya Sankar
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jun Gong
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Andrew Hendifar
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Arsen Osipov
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kambiz Kosari
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nicholas Nissen
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mazen Noureddin
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Lynda K. & David M. Underwood Center for Digestive Disorder, Houston, Texas
| | - Amit G. Singal
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Department of Population & Data Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ju Dong Yang
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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