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Kim JH, Kim SE, Song DS, Kim HY, Yoon EL, Kang SH, Jung YK, Kwon JH, Lee SW, Han SK, Chang Y, Jeong SW, Yoo JJ, Jin YJ, Cheon GJ, Kim BS, Seo YS, Kim H, Park JW, Kim TH, Sinn DH, Chung WJ, Kim HY, Lee HA, Nam SW, Kim IH, Kim JH, Chae HB, Sohn JH, Cho JY, Park JG, Cho HC, Kim YJ, Yang JM, Suk KT, Kim MY, Kim SG, Yim HJ, Kim W, Jang JY, Kim DJ. The Clinical Courses and Prognosis of Cirrhotic Patients after First Acute Decompensation: Prospective Cohort Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 14:14. [PMID: 38201324 PMCID: PMC10795755 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF-CLIF) consortium suggested that the clinical courses after acute decompensation (AD) stratify the long-term prognosis: stable decompensated cirrhosis (SDC), unstable decompensated cirrhosis (UDC), pre acute-on-chronic liver failure (pre ACLF), and ACLF. However, previous studies included patients with a history of previous AD and had limitations associated with identifying the clinical factors related to prognosis after the first AD. METHOD The prospective Korean Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (KACLiF) cohort included cirrhotic patients who were hospitalised with first AD between July 2015 and August 2018. We analysed the factors associated with readmission after the first AD and compared the characteristics and prognosis among each subgroup to evaluate the risk factors for the occurrence of pre ACLF after AD. RESULT A total of 746 cirrhotic patients who were hospitalised with first AD were enrolled. The subgroups consisted of SDC (n = 565), UDC (n = 29), pre ACLF (n = 28), and ACLF (n = 124). Of note, pre ACLF showed a poorer prognosis than ACLF. The risk factors associated with readmission within 3 months of first AD were non-variceal gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and high MELD score. Viral aetiology was associated with the occurrence of pre ACLF compared with alcohol aetiology regardless of baseline liver function status. CONCLUSION Cirrhotic patients with first AD who present as non-variceal GI bleeding and HE can easily relapse. Interestingly, the occurrence of AD with organ failure within 3 months of first AD (pre ACLF) has worse prognosis compared with the occurrence of organ failure at first AD (ACLF). In particular, cirrhotic patients with viral hepatitis with/without alcohol consumption showed poor prognosis compared to other aetiologies. Therefore, patients with ACLF after AD within 3 months should be treated more carefully and definitive treatment through LT should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.K.); (K.T.S.); (D.J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.K.); (K.T.S.); (D.J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Seon Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (J.H.K.); (S.W.L.); (J.M.Y.)
| | - Hee Yeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (J.H.K.); (S.W.L.); (J.M.Y.)
| | - Eileen L. Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.L.Y.); (J.H.S.)
| | - Seong Hee Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (S.H.K.); (Y.S.S.); (J.H.K.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Young-Kul Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (S.H.K.); (Y.S.S.); (J.H.K.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Jung Hyun Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (J.H.K.); (S.W.L.); (J.M.Y.)
| | - Sung Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (J.H.K.); (S.W.L.); (J.M.Y.)
| | - Seul Ki Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (S.K.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Young Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.); (S.W.J.); (J.-Y.J.)
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.); (S.W.J.); (J.-Y.J.)
| | - Jeong Ju Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.J.Y.); (S.G.K.)
| | - Young-Joo Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gab Jin Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung 25440, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byung Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeon Seok Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (S.H.K.); (Y.S.S.); (J.H.K.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Hyoungsu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.K.); (K.T.S.); (D.J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.K.); (K.T.S.); (D.J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.K.); (K.T.S.); (D.J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sinn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06531, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hwi Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea (H.A.L.)
| | - Han Ah Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea (H.A.L.)
| | - Seung Woo Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea;
| | - In Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (S.H.K.); (Y.S.S.); (J.H.K.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Hee Bok Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo Hyun Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.L.Y.); (J.H.S.)
| | - Ju Yeon Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung Gil Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (J.H.K.); (S.W.L.); (J.M.Y.)
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.K.); (K.T.S.); (D.J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (S.K.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Sang Gyune Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.J.Y.); (S.G.K.)
| | - Hyung Joon Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (S.H.K.); (Y.S.S.); (J.H.K.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.); (S.W.J.); (J.-Y.J.)
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (H.K.); (K.T.S.); (D.J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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Kim GA, Cho HC, Jeong SW, Kang BK, Kim M, Jung S, Hwang J, Yoon EL, Jun DW. A Phase 2a, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of ALS-L1023 in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040623. [PMID: 37111380 PMCID: PMC10142612 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical data have shown that the herbal extract, ALS-L1023, from Melissa officinalis reduces visceral fat and hepatic steatosis. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of ALS-L1023 as the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We conducted a 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2a study in patients with NAFLD (MRI-proton density fat fraction [MRI-PDFF] ≥ 8% and liver fibrosis ≥ 2.5 kPa on MR elastography [MRE]) in Korea. Patients were randomly assigned to 1800 mg ALS-L1023 (n = 19), 1200 mg ALS-L1023 (n = 21), or placebo (n = 17) groups. Efficacy endpoints included changes in liver fat on MRI-PDFF, liver stiffness on MRE, and liver enzymes. For the full analysis set, a relative hepatic fat reduction from baseline was significant in the 1800 mg ALS-L1023 group (-15.0%, p = 0.03). There was a significant reduction in liver stiffness from baseline in the 1200 mg ALS-L1023 group (-10.7%, p = 0.03). Serum alanine aminotransferase decreased by -12.4% in the 1800 mg ALS-L1023 group, -29.8% in the 1200 mg ALS-L1023 group, and -4.9% in the placebo group. ALS-L1023 was well tolerated and there were no differences in the incidence of adverse events among the study groups. ALS-L1023 could reduce hepatic fat content in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Ae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyeong Kang
- Department of Radiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Mimi Kim
- Department of Radiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Jung
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwook Hwang
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eileen L Yoon
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Kim SJ, Hah SI, Kwak JY, Choi JW, Cho HC, Ha CY, Jung WT, Lee OJ, Lee CM. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with the Synchronous Invasion of Stomach and Colon in an Adult Patient: A Case Report. Korean J Gastroenterol 2022; 80:149-153. [PMID: 36156038 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2022.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is reported less frequently in adults than in children. The most common site of involvement in adults is the bone, accounting for 30-50% of cases. The gastrointestinal tract is very rare, accounting for approximately 2%. We present a case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis that simultaneously invaded multiple organs, including the stomach and colon, in an adult. A 37-year-old woman with no underlying disease complained of chest discomfort and a palpable right submandibular mass. A right Level II neck mass and mediastinal LN enlargement were confirmed on the pharynx and chest CT scan. Multiple subepithelial masses with central ulceration and erosion were observed in the corpus and fundus on the esophagogastroduodenoscopy and in the right colon on the colonoscopy. The histopathology findings were the same in each tissue biopsied from the stomach, colon, and right neck lymph nodes. Langerhans cells with classical reniform nuclei and prominent eosinophils invaded the normal glands, and S100 and CD1a were positive in the immunohistochemical stain. Gastrointestinal involvement of LCH in adults is rare, asymptomatic,and can involve multiple digestive organs simultaneously, so upper endoscopy and colonoscopy should be considered for a diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Je Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Se In Hah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Woon Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Ok Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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Lee CM, Kim SJ, Hah SI, Kwak JY, Choi JW, Cho HC, Ha CY, Lee OJ, Jung WT. Comparison of eradication rates of moxifloxacin–rifabutin triple therapy and bismuth quadruple therapy as second‐line regimens in patients with peptic ulcers. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e780. [PMID: 36032516 PMCID: PMC9399443 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bismuth quadruple (BQ) therapy is known to have poor patient compliance and a complex dosing method, and no appropriate third‐line regimen exists if second‐line BQ therapy fails. In Korea, some alternative regimens have shown unsatisfactory eradication rates. Therefore, we investigated the success rates of the second‐line moxifloxacin–rifabutin triple (MRT) regimen and compared it with BQ regimen in subgroup analysis of peptic ulcer patients. Materials and Methods This study was a retrospective study of 71 patients who underwent a second‐line MRT for Helicobacter pylori after failing to clarithromycin triple regimen. To compare the eradication rate in gastric ulcer patients, 51 patients in the MRT group and 132 patients in BQ group were included. After age and sex propensity matching, 45 patients were included in each group (the alpha value and power were set at 0.05% and 77%, respectively). Results The eradication rate in the MRT group was 69.0% (49/71) in the intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis and 77.8% (49/63) in the per‐protocol (PP) analysis. These were significantly lower than the eradication rate in the BQ group (82.5%, p = 0.019 in the ITT analysis; 89.3%, p = 0.022 in the PP analysis). In subgroup analysis of peptic ulcer patients, the success rate of BQ group was significantly higher than that of MRT group in both ITT and PP populations (81.8% (108/132) vs. 60.8% (31/51) in the ITT populations, p = 0.004; and 90.0% (108/120) vs. 72.1% (31/43) in the PP populations, p = 0.010). Among the 14 patients with MRT therapy failure, 10 were eradicated with BQ as the third‐line regimen. The eradication rate of the third‐line BQ after the second‐line MRT failure was 90.0% (9/10). Conclusion Second‐line MRT therapy was not as effective as BQ therapy, so it should be considered for limited use only when BQ is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
- Gyeongsang National University Institute of Health Sciences Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Je Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Se In Hah
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woo Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
- Gyeongsang National University Institute of Health Sciences Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
- Gyeongsang National University Institute of Health Sciences Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
- Gyeongsang National University Institute of Health Sciences Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Jinju Republic of Korea
- Gyeongsang National University Institute of Health Sciences Jinju Republic of Korea
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Choi JW, Lee CM, Kim SJ, Hah SI, Kwak JY, Cho HC, Ha CY, Jung WT, Lee OJ. Ectopic peritoneal paragonimiasis mimicking tuberculous peritonitis: A care report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:5359-5364. [PMID: 35812672 PMCID: PMC9210911 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i16.5359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common site of paragonimiasis is in the lungs. The migratory route passes through the duodenal wall, peritoneum, and diaphragm to the lungs; thus, the thoracic cavity and central nervous system, as well as the liver, intestine, and abdominal cavity may be involved. Here, we present a case of intraperitoneal paragonimiasis without other organ involvement, mimicking tuberculous peritonitis.
CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old man presented with recurrent abdominal pain for 4 wk. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the right lower quadrant. Laboratory findings showed complete blood counts within the normal range without eosinophilia. Multiple reactive lymph nodes and diffuse peritoneal infiltration were noted on abdominal computed tomography (CT). There were no abnormalities on chest CT or colonoscopy. Intraoperative findings of diagnostic laparoscopy for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis included multiple small whitish nodules and an abscess in the peritoneum. Pathological reports confirmed the presence of numerous eggs of Paragonimus westermani (P. westermani). A postoperative serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed P. westermani positivity. Persistent and repetitive history-taking led him to retrospectively recall the consumption of freshwater crab. After 3 d of treatment with praziquantel (1800 mg; 25 mg/kg), he recovered from all symptoms.
CONCLUSION In patients who require diagnostic laparoscopy for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis, repetitive history-taking and preoperative serologic antibody tests against Paragonimus may be helpful in diagnosing intraperitoneal paragonimiasis without other organ involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Woo Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Seong Je Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Se In Hah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Woon Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Ok Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
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Hong S, Kim JE, Cho JM, Choi HC, Won JH, Na JB, Choi DS, Park MJ, Choi HY, Shin HS, Cho HC, Kim HO. Quantification of liver extracellular volume using dual-energy CT for ruling out high-risk varices in cirrhosis. Eur J Radiol 2022; 148:110151. [PMID: 35032849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the performance of quantification of liver extracellular volume fraction (fECV) using dual-energy CT (DECT) compared with CT imaging for ruling out high-riskesophageal varices(HRV) in cirrhotic patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 229 cirrhotic patients (training [n = 159] and internal validation cohorts [n = 70]) who underwent dual-source DECT, serum marker assessment, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) from 2017 to 2020. The fECV score was measured using iodine maps from 3-minute delayed, equilibrium-phase images at 100/140 Sn kVp. The association of CT parameters and serum markers with HRV was investigated. Criteria combining the fECV score (≤ 25.1%) or CT imaging with platelet count (> 150,000/mm3) were created and compared to rule out HRV. RESULTS In the training cohort, the fECV score (odds ratio (OR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09, 1.32) and CT imaging (OR, 28.21; 95% CI, 9.31, 85.93) were independent predictors of HRV, along with platelet count (OR, 0.85 and 0.78). Criteria combining the fECV score with platelet count showed significantly better performance than those combining CT imaging with platelet count in ruling out HRV (p < 0.001). Applying the criteria could have safely avoided an additional 10.7% and 8.6% of EGDs in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, achieving a final value of 36.5% and 35.7% spared EGDs (0 HRV missed) compared to CT imaging with platelet count. CONCLUSIONS The combined DECT-based fECV score with platelet count is useful for ruling out HRV and can safely avoid more EGDs than CT imaging with platelet count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokjin Hong
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Choi
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Won
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Beom Na
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Seob Choi
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jung Park
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Choi
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Seon Shin
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
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7
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Yim HJ, Kim JH, Cho YK, Kweon YO, Cho HC, Hwang JS, Lee C, Koh MS, Baek YH, Park YM, Lee JH, Kim SU, Kang MK, Park NH, Lee JS, Chon YE, Cheon GJ, Chae HB, Sohn JH, Lim YS. Non-Inferior Efficacy of Tenofovir Disoproxil to Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Virologically Suppressed Chronic Hepatitis B Patients. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3263-3274. [PMID: 36177347 PMCID: PMC9514787 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s376821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tenofovir disoproxil (TD), modified from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), was developed as a salt-free formulation, removing fumarate to improve the ease of oral intake by reducing the tablet's size. We evaluated the maintenance of antiviral effects and overall safety profile of TD 245 mg after switching from TDF 300 mg in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). PATIENTS AND METHODS CHB patients with HBV-DNA <69 IU/mL after ≥24 weeks of TDF therapy were enrolled. The primary efficacy endpoint was the HBV-DNA suppression rate (HBV-DNA <69 IU/mL) at week 48; We evaluated the non-inferiority (10% margin) of TD to TDF in terms of efficacy. Safety was assessed based on adverse events (AEs), laboratory tests, bone mineral density, and renal function abnormalities. RESULTS Overall, 189 subjects were randomized in a 2:1 ratio, and 117 and 66 subjects in the TD and TDF groups, respectively, completed the study. In the per-protocol set, the HBV-DNA suppression rate at week 48 was 99.1% and 100% in the TD and TDF groups, respectively. The lower limit of the 97.5% one-sided confidence interval for the intergroup difference in HBV-DNA suppression rate was -2.8%, which was greater than the prespecified margin of non-inferiority. The changes in creatinine clearance from baseline to week 48 was significantly less in the TD group and in the TDF group; -0.8 ± 9.8 versus -2.4 ± 12.8 mL/min, respectively (P=0.017). CONCLUSION TD was non-inferior to TDF for maintaining viral suppression in CHB patients, showing the less decline of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Joon Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Oh Kweon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jae Seok Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Changhyeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Moon Soo Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Gastroenterology, DongA University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young-Min Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea and Hepatology Center, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, and Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Neung Hwa Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - June Sung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young Eun Chon
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Gab Jin Cheon
- Department of Medicine, GangNeung Asan Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Hee Bok Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, and Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence: Young-Suk Lim, Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 43-Gil 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, Korea, Tel +82-2-3010-3190, Fax +82-2-485-5782, Email
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8
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Kang YW, Baek YH, Lee SW, Park SJ, Yoon JS, Yoon KT, Hong Y, Heo NY, Seo KI, Lee SS, Cho HC, Shin JW. Real-world Effectiveness and Safety of Direct-acting Antiviral Agents in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 2 Infection: Korean Multicenter Study. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e142. [PMID: 34060258 PMCID: PMC8167412 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advancement of treatment with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents has improved the cure rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection close to 100%. The aim of our study was to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of DAA regimens for the treatment of patients with chronic HCV genotype 2. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients treated with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin (SOF + RBV) or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P) for chronic HCV genotype 2 infection at seven university hospitals in the Korean southeast region. RESULTS SOF + RBV therapy produced an 89% and 98.3% sustained virologic response 12 week (SVR12) after treatment completion in the full analysis set and per-protocol set, respectively, and the corresponding values for G/P therapy were 89.5% and 99.2%, respectively. The difference between the treatments was probably because 6.2% (59/953) of patients in the SOF + RBV group did not complete the treatment and 9.8% (14/143) in the G/P group did not test HCV RNA after treatment completion. Adverse events (A/Es) were reported in 59.7% (569/953) and 25.9% (37/143) of the SOF + RBV and G/P groups, respectively. In the SOF + RBV group, 12 (1.26%) patients discontinued treatment owing to A/Es, whereas no patients discontinued treatment because of A/Es in the G/P group. CONCLUSION In both treatment groups, SVR was high when treatment was completed. However, there was a high dropout rate in the SOF + RBV group, and the dropout analysis showed that these were patients with liver cirrhosis (LC; 43/285, 15.1%), especially those with decompensated LC (12/32, 37.5%). Therefore, an early initiation of antiviral therapy is recommended for a successful outcome before liver function declines. Furthermore, patients with decompensated LC who are considered candidates for SOF + RBV treatment should be carefully monitored to ensure that their treatment is completed, especially those with low hemoglobin and high alanine transaminase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Wool Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yang Hyun Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
| | - Sung Wook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Jae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jun Sik Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Youngmi Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Nae Yun Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kwang Il Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
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9
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Jeon H, Kim JH, Lee SS, Kim HJ, Cha RR, Cho HC, Lee JM, Ha CY, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Jung WT, Lee OJ. Impact of acute kidney injury on survival in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:301. [PMID: 33765952 PMCID: PMC7993493 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is expected to occur commonly in patients with chronic hepatitis C. In addition, AKI may affect the survival of patients with chronic hepatitis C. However, few studies are available on this topic. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of AKI in patients with chronic hepatitis C and investigate the factors related to overall mortality. Methods Between January 2005 and December 2018, 1252 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, defined as persistent HCV RNA for at least 6 months, were retrospectively enrolled at two centers. Of them, 1008, 123, and 121 patients had chronic hepatitis (CH), compensated cirrhosis (Com-LC), and decompensated cirrhosis (Decom-LC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at entry, respectively. Factors associated with AKI and overall mortality were evaluated using the Cox proportional regression model. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves for the development of AKI and overall mortality were generated. Results Over a mean follow-up period of 5.2 years, 285 patients developed AKI, with an incidence rate of 4.35 per 100 person-years. The incidence of AKI increased gradually with progression of chronic hepatitis C: CH (3.32 per 100 person-years), Com-LC (5.86 per 100 person-years), and Decom-LC or HCC (17.28 per 100 person-years). The patients without AKI showed better survival rates at 14 years than the patients with AKI (94.2% vs. 26.3%, P < 0.001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, AKI (hazard ratio, 6.66; 95% confidence interval, 4.26–10.41) remained an independent risk factor for overall mortality. Conclusion AKI is common in patients with chronic HCV infection and is associated with significant overall mortality. Therefore, clinicians should carefully monitor the occurrence of AKI, which is an important predictor of mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-05991-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankyu Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam, 51472, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Heon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam, 51472, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam, 51472, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam, 51472, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ra Ri Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam, 51472, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam, 51472, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam, 51472, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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10
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Park HK, Lee SS, Im CB, Im C, Cha RR, Kim WS, Cho HC, Lee JM, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Jung WT, Lee OJ. Hepatitis C virus genotype affects survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:822. [PMID: 31429755 PMCID: PMC6700836 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is currently no evidence that hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype affects survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate whether the HCV genotype affected the survival rate of patients with HCV-related HCC. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using the data of patients with HCV-related HCC evaluated at two centers in Korea between January 2005 and December 2016. Propensity score matching between genotype 2 patients and non-genotype 2 patients was performed to reduce bias. Results A total of 180 patients were enrolled. Of these, 86, 78, and 16 had genotype 1, genotype 2, and genotype 3 HCV-related HCC, respectively. The median age was 66.0 years, and the median overall survival was 28.6 months. In the entire cohort, patients with genotype 2 had a longer median overall survival (31.7 months) than patients with genotype 1 (28.7 months; P = 0.004) or genotype 3 (15.0 months; P = 0.003). In the propensity score–matched cohort, genotype 2 patients also showed a better survival rate than non-genotype 2 patients (P = 0.007). Genotype 2 patients also had a longer median decompensation-free survival than non-genotype 2 patients (P = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in recurrence-free survival between genotype 2 and non-genotype 2 patients who underwent curative treatment (P = 0.077). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, non-genotype 2 (hazard ratio, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.29–3.71) remained an independent risk factor for death. Conclusion Among patients with HCV-related HCC, those with genotype 2 have better survival. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-6040-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Bin Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjo Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ra Ri Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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11
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Sohn JT, Kim HJ, Cho HC, Shin IW, Lee HK, Chung YK. Effect of Etomidate on Endothelium-dependent Relaxation Induced by Acetylcholine in Rat Aorta. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 32:476-81. [PMID: 15682522 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0403200404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The goals of this in vitro study were to investigate effects of etomidate on endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine in rat aorta, and to elucidate the associated cellular mechanism. In endothelium-intact rings precontracted with phenylephrine 10−6 M, dose-response curves for acetylcholine (10−9 to 10−5 M) and calcium ionophore (10−9 to 10−6 M) were generated in the presence and absence of etomidate (5×10−6, 10−5 M). In endothelium-intact or -denuded rings precontracted with phenylephrine 10−6 M, sodium nitroprusside (10−9 to 10−6 M) dose-response curves were generated in the presence and absence of etomidate (10−5 M). Etomidate (5×10−6, 10−5 M) produced a significant rightward shift in the dose-response curves induced by acetylcholine (receptor-mediated endothelium-dependent agonist) and calcium ionophore A23187 (non receptor-mediated endothelium-dependent agonist). Etomidate (10−5 M) had no effect on sodium nitroprusside (endothelium-independent nitric oxide donor)-induced vasorelaxant response in both endothelium-intact and -denuded rings. These results indicate that etomidate at clinically relevant concentrations attenuates endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine by an acting at a site distal to the endothelial muscarinic receptor, but proximal to guanylate cyclase activation of vascular smooth muscle in rat aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-T Sohn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kim SE, Jang ES, Ki M, Gwak GY, Kim KA, Kim GA, Kim DY, Kim DJ, Kim MW, Kim YS, Kim YS, Kim IH, Kim CW, Kim HD, Kim HJ, Park NH, Baik SK, Suh JI, Song BC, Song IH, Yeon JE, Lee BS, Lee YJ, Jung YK, Chung WJ, Cho SB, Cho EY, Cho HC, Cheon GJ, Chae HB, Choi D, Choi SK, Choi HY, Tak WY, Heo J, Jeong SH. Chronic Hepatitis B Infection Is Significantly Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease: a Population-based, Matched Case-control Study. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e264. [PMID: 30310365 PMCID: PMC6179986 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the association between HBV and CKD is not clear. This study investigated the association between chronic HBV infection and CKD in a nationwide multicenter study. METHODS A total of 265,086 subjects who underwent health-check examinations in 33 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2015 were enrolled. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive cases (n = 10,048), and age- and gender-matched HBsAg negative controls (n = 40,192) were identified. CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or proteinuria as at least grade 2+ of urine protein. RESULTS HBsAg positive cases showed a significantly higher prevalence of GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (3.3%), and proteinuria (18.9%) than that of the controls (2.6%, P < 0.001, and 14.1%, P < 0.001, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, HBsAg positivity was an independent factor associated with GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 along with age, blood levels of albumin, bilirubin, anemia, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Likewise, HBsAg positivity was an independent factor for proteinuria along with age, male, blood levels of bilirubin, protein, albumin, and HbA1c. A subgroup analysis showed that HBsAg positive men but not women had a significantly increased risk for GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. CONCLUSION Chronic HBV infection was significantly associated with a GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and proteinuria (≥ 2+). Therefore, clinical concern about CKD in chronic HBV infected patients, especially in male, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Moran Ki
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Gi-Ae Kim
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Man Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - In Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chang Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Ho Dong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Carollo General Hospital, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Neung Hwa Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jeong Ill Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Byung-Cheol Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Il Han Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Yeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Youn Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Kul Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Bum Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Gab Jin Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Hee Bok Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - DaeHee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Won Young Tak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sook-Hyang Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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13
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Song DS, Kim TY, Kim DJ, Kim HY, Sinn DH, Yoon EL, Kim CW, Jung YK, Suk KT, Lee SS, Lee CH, Kim TH, Choe WH, Yim HJ, Kim SE, Baik SK, Jang JY, Kim HS, Kim SG, Yang JM, Sohn JH, Choi EH, Cho HC, Jeong SW, Kim MY. Validation of prognostic scores to predict short-term mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:900-909. [PMID: 28921629 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The aim of this study was to validate the chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure assessment score (CLIF-SOFAs), CLIF consortium organ failure score (CLIF-C OFs), CLIF-C acute-on-chronic liver failure score (CLIF-C ACLFs), and CLIF-C acute decompensation score in Korean chronic liver disease patients with acute deterioration. METHODS Acute-on-chronic liver failure was defined by either the Asian Pacific Association for the study of the Liver ACLF Research Consortium (AARC) or CLIF-C criteria. The diagnostic performances for short-term mortality were compared by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS Among a total of 1470 patients, 252 patients were diagnosed with ACLF according to the CLIF-C (197 patients) or AARC definition (95 patients). As the ACLF grades increased, the survival rates became significantly lower. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic of the CLIF-SOFAs, CLIF-C OFs, and CLIF-C ACLFs were significantly higher than those of the Child-Pugh, model for end-stage liver disease, and model for end-stage liver disease-Na scores in ACLF patients according to the CLIF-C definition (all P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in patients without ACLF or in patients with ACLF according to the AARC definition. The CLIF-SOFAs, CLIF-C OFs, and CLIF-C ACLFs had higher specificities with a fixed sensitivity than liver specific scores in ACLF patients according to the CLIF-C definition, but not in ACLF patients according to the AARC definition. CONCLUSIONS The CLIF-SOFAs, CLIF-C OFs, and CLIF-C ACLFs are useful scoring systems that provide accurate information on prognosis in patients with ACLF according to the CLIF-C definition, but not the AARC definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Seon Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Yeob Kim
- Institute of Medical Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sinn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eileen L Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kul Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Chang Hyeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Hun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hyeok Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jae Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Gyune Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jin Mo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Choi
- Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Lee K, Sinn DH, Gwak GY, Cho HC, Jung SH, Paik YH, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Paik SW. Prediction of the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients after Sustained Virological Response by Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index. Gut Liver 2017; 10:796-802. [PMID: 27114418 PMCID: PMC5003204 DOI: 10.5009/gnl15368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Following sustained virological response (SVR) for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection, patients with advanced fibrosis require regular monitoring for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) is a simple noninvasive surrogate marker known to reflect fibrosis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 598 patients who achieved SVR with interferon-based therapy for CHC. Results Over a median of 5.1 years of follow-up, there were eight patients diagnosed with HCC and a 5-year cumulative incidence rate of 1.3%. The median pretreatment APRI was 0.83, which decreased to 0.29 after achieving SVR (p<0.001). Both the pre- and posttreatment indices were associated with HCC development. The 5-year cumulative HCC incidence rates were 0% and 2.8% for patients with pretreatment APRI <1.0 and ≥1.0, respectively (p=0.001) and 0.8% and 12.8% for patients with posttreatment APRI <1.0 and ≥1.0, respectively (p<0.001). Pretreatment APRI at a cutoff of 1.0 had a 100% negative predictive value until 10 years after SVR. Conclusions HCC development was observed among CHC patients who achieved SVR. The pre- and post-treatment APRI could stratify HCC risk, indicating that the APRI could be a useful marker to classify HCC risk in CHC patients who achieved SVR. However, given the small number of HCC patients, this finding warrants further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keol Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sinn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Sin-Ho Jung
- Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Han Paik
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Seok Choi
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Hyeok Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Cheol Koh
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woon Paik
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim CY, Kim BR, Lee SS, Jeon DH, Lee CM, Kim WS, Cho HC, Kim JJ, Lee JM, Kim HJ, Ha CY, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Jung WT, Lee OJ. Clinical features of hepatitis B and C virus infections, with high α-fetoprotein levels but not hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5844. [PMID: 28079817 PMCID: PMC5266179 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The appropriate α-fetoprotein (AFP) level to confirm hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could be 100 ng/mL; however, the clinical significance of falsely elevated AFP in patients without HCC has not been fully studied. We investigated the clinical features and outcome of patients without HCC but with high AFP levels (100 ng/mL), especially with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or C (CHC).The sample included 124 consecutive patients with CHB (n = 97) or CHC (n = 27), with AFP levels >100 ng/mL and without HCC at baseline. Multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with AFP normalization and HCC development.During the mean 52-month follow-up, the proportion of patients with CHB with AFP normalization (90.7%) was significantly higher than the proportion of patients with CHC (59.3%, P < 0.001). Initial aspartate aminotransferase levels (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.02 per 10 U/L increase, P = 0.021) and antiviral therapy (HR = 2.89, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with AFP normalization. Of the 16 (12.9%) patients who developed HCC, hepatitis B virus infection (HR = 10.82, P = 0.001), initiation of antiviral treatment postenrollment (HR = 0.23, P = 0.030), and AFP normalization within 12 months (HR = 0.13, P = 0.011) were associated with HCC development.CHB and CHC were the most common causes of falsely elevated AFP (>100 ng/mL). With either CHB or CHC, persistent AFP elevation (>12 months), regardless of antiviral treatment, might be an important marker of HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cha Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Bo Ra Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon
| | - Dae-Hong Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Wan Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Jin Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon
| | - Hong Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Chang Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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16
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Lee SS, Min HJ, Choi JY, Cho HC, Kim JJ, Lee JM, Kim HJ, Ha CY, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Kim JH, Lee OJ. Usefulness of ascitic fluid lactoferrin levels in patients with liver cirrhosis. BMC Gastroenterol 2016; 16:132. [PMID: 27733127 PMCID: PMC5062891 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-016-0546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although elevated levels of lactoferrin provide a biomarker for inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer, the clinical significance of these elevated levels in ascitic fluid of patients with ascites caused by liver cirrhosis is limited. The aims of our study were to investigate the usefulness of ascitic fluid lactoferrin levels for the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with cirrhosis and to evaluate the association between lactoferrin levels and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS A total of 102 patients with ascites caused by cirrhosis were consecutively enrolled into the study, from December 2008 to December 2011. Ascitic fluid lactoferrin levels were quantified using a human lactoferrin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS The median ascitic fluid lactoferrin levels were significantly higher in patients with SBP than in those without SBP (112.7 ng/mL vs. 0.6 ng/mL; p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for the diagnosis of SBP was 0.898 (95 % confidence interval, 0.839-0.957, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity for a cut-off level of 51.4 ng/mL of 95.8 % and 74.4 %, respectively. Moreover, the incidence of HCC in the 78 patients without SBP was significantly higher in patients with high ascitic fluid lactoferrin levels (≥35 ng/mL) than in those with low ascitic fluid lactoferrin level (<35 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS Ascitic fluid lactoferrin level can be a useful diagnostic tool to identify SBP in patients with ascites caused by cirrhosis. Elevated ascitic fluid lactoferrin level in patients without SBP may be indicative of a developing hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15, Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Background/Aims Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging problem in Asia, but little is known about the disease in the nonobese population. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD and the factors associated with it in a nonobese Korean population and to compare the clinical characteristics of nonobese and obese subjects with NAFLD. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from 2,058 subjects who participated in a medical checkup program. Results The prevalence of NAFLD was 12.4% (213/1,711) in the nonobese population. A higher body mass index (BMI), higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values, higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, triglyceride concentrations 150 mg/dL, and hyperuricemia were independently associated with the presence of NAFLD in the nonobese subjects. Compared with the obese subjects with NAFLD, the nonobese subjects with NAFLD were composed of a higher proportion of females and had lower BMIs, smaller waist circumferences, lower HOMA-IR values, and fewer metabolic irregularities. Conclusions Higher BMIs, HOMA-IR values, ALT levels, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperuricemia were associated with NAFLD in the nonobese subjects. Clinicians should be particularly aware of the possibility of NAFLD in nonobese Asian people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chin Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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18
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Cha RR, Lee SS, Lee CM, Ji SB, Jung HC, Cho HC, Kim JJ, Lee JM, Kim HJ, Ha CY, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Jung WT, Lee OJ. Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients With Genotype 3 Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Korea: A Retrospective Observational Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2755. [PMID: 26871824 PMCID: PMC4753920 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 infection is very rare in high-income Asia Pacific. The aim of our retrospective observational study was to evaluate the incidence, clinical features, and treatment outcomes of patients with a genotype 3 HCV infection in the Gyeongnam Province of Korea. Ninety-eight consecutive patients diagnosed with a genotype 3 HCV infection at Gyeongsang National University Hospital, between January 2005 and December 2014, were enrolled into the study. Relevant characteristics of the study group included: 80.6% men, mean age of 41.8 years, and including 69 patients with chronic hepatitis, 25 with liver cirrhosis, and 4 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Risk factors for HCV infection, sustained virologic response rate, development of HCC, and mortality in patients with genotype 3 were retrospectively analyzed.Among all patients diagnosed with a HCV infection during the study period, the prevalence of genotype 3 was 7.3%. The incidence of genotype 3 was higher in young patients with a risk factor of IVDU (54.0%) and tattooing (62.3%). Among 45 treatment-naive genotype 3 patients, sustained virologic response was achieved with a combination of pegylated-interferon alpha and ribavirin in 75.6%. The cumulative 5-year incidence of HCC was 13.6%, and 8.9% for overall mortality. Liver cirrhosis at enrollment was an independent risk factor for HCC development.This is the first study to elucidate the clinical features and outcomes among the patients with HCV genotype 3 infection in Korea. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate transmission routes and outcomes for HCV genotype 3 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ra Ri Cha
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital (RRC, SSL, CML, SBJ, HCJ, HCC, JJK, JML, HongJK, CYH, HyunJK, THK, WTJ, OJL); Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju (HyunJK, THK, WTJ, OJL); and Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea (SSL, JJK, JML, HyunJK)
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Kim WS, Lee SS, Lee CM, Kim HJ, Ha CY, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Jung WT, Lee OJ, Hong JW, You HS, Cho HC. Hepatitis C and not Hepatitis B virus is a risk factor for anti-tuberculosis drug induced liver injury. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:50. [PMID: 26833347 PMCID: PMC4736472 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate incidence and risk factors associated with TB DILI in CVH and non-CVH patients. METHODS Retrospectively, a total of 128 CVH patients who received anti-TB medication from January 2005 to February 2014 were reviewed. Among these, 83 patients had hepatitis B virus (HBV), 41 patients had hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 4 patients were dual hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus co-infected (HBV + HCV) with 251 non-CVH patients who received anti-TB medication selected as the controls. There were no human immunodeficiency virus co-infected patients. Risk factors for DILI were analyzed using cox regression analysis. RESULTS The incidence of DILI was significantly higher in the HCV group (13/41 [31.7%], p < 0.001) and HBV + HCV groups (3/4 [75.0%], p = 0.002) compared to the control group (25/251 [10.0%]). The incidence of transient liver function impairment in the hepatitis B virus group was higher than in the control group (18/83 [21.7%] vs. 27/251 [10.8%] p = 0.010), but not in DILI (11/83 [13.3%] vs. 25/251 [10.0%], p = 0.400). In total patients, HCV, HBV + HCV co-infection, older age, and baseline liver function abnormality were independent factors of DILI. CONCLUSIONS It is recommended to carefully monitor for DILI in patients with HCV or HBV/HCV co-infection, older age, and baseline liver function abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Hong Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Chang Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Tae Hyo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Woon Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Ok Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Jeong Woo Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Seon You
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gangnam-ro 79, Jinju, Gyeognam, 660-702, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Palyong-ro, 158, MasanHoiwon-gu, Chang-Won, Republic of Korea.
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Lee CM, Lee SS, Lee JM, Cho HC, Kim WS, Kim HJ, Ha CY, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Jung WT, Lee OJ. Early monitoring for detection of antituberculous drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:65-72. [PMID: 26767859 PMCID: PMC4712436 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.31.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We investigated the time of onset of antituberculous drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ADIH) and related characteristics. METHODS Adult patients (n = 1,031) treated with first-line antituberculous drugs between February 2009 and January 2013 were enrolled. RESULTS Of the 1,031 patients, 108 patients (10.5%) developed ADIH a mean of 39.6 ± 43.7 days after treatment initiation. Twenty-eight patients (25.9%) developed ADIH within 7 days, 73 (67.6%) within 30 days, and the rest after 30 days. The ≤ 30-day group was characterized by higher peak alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and a high proportion of patients with maintenance of first-line antituberculous drugs compared to the > 30-day group. In subgroup analysis, the ≤ 7-day group was characterized by higher baseline aspartate aminotransferase and ALT, high proportion of patients with maintenance of first-line antituberculous drugs, and high proportion of patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis compared to patients with ADIH that developed beyond 7 days. In multivariate analysis, serum ALT > 40 IU/L (odds ratio [OR], 2.995; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.580 to 5.680; p = 0.001) and presence of anti-hepatitis C virus (OR, 4.204; 95% CI, 1.822 to 9.700, p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for development of ADIH. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 70% of the cases of ADIH occurred in the first month of antituberculous treatment, and were associated with continuation of the first-line drug regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Correspondence to Sang Soo Lee, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju 52727, Korea Tel: +82-55-750-8932 Fax: +82-55-750-9496 E-mail:
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Cho JY, Paik YH, Sohn W, Cho HC, Gwak GY, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Paik SW, Yoo BC. Patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with oral antiviral therapy retain a higher risk for HCC compared with patients with inactive stage disease. Gut 2014; 63:1943-50. [PMID: 24615378 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally stated that oral antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) decreases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although oral nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) may induce a state similar to inactive stage CHB, the long-term risk for HCC in patients treated with NUCs compared with inactive CHB is unclear. METHODS A total of 1378 patients who were treatment naïve and started NUC therapy and 1014 patients with inactive stage CHB who were HBeAg-negative and continuously had hepatitis B DNA <2000 IU/mL during follow-up were enrolled. The NUC group was divided into two groups by continuous viral suppression: NUC complete responder (CR) group and NUC incomplete responder (IR) group. Cumulative HCC incidence rates were compared between the groups. RESULTS The risk of developing HCC was significantly higher in the NUC CR group compared with the inactive CHB group, regardless of the presence of baseline liver cirrhosis (p<0.001). Risk factors associated with the development of HCC were treatment groups (p<0.001), age (p<0.001), sex (p<0.001) and the presence of liver cirrhosis at baseline (p=0.005). Of the NUC group, the cumulative incidence of HCC in the NUC IR group was significantly higher compared with the NUC CR group (p=0.028). CONCLUSIONS The use of potent oral antiviral therapy can effectively suppress HBV replication in patients with CHB. However, the risk of HCC development in patients treated with oral antiviral agent is still significantly higher than patients with inactive stage CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Han Paik
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Chang Won, Korea
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Seok Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Hyeok Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Cheol Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woon Paik
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Chul Yoo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho HC, Gwak GY, Paik YH, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Yoo BC, Paik SW. Pegylated interferon and ribavirin in the retreatment of chronic hepatitis C in Korea. Gut Liver 2013; 7:585-93. [PMID: 24073317 PMCID: PMC3782674 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2013.7.5.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Pegylated interferon (peginterferon) and ribavirin is the current standard therapy for chronic hepatitis C. The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of peginterferon and ribavirin and to identify predictors of a sustained virological response (SVR) to the retreatment of chronic hepatitis C in Korea. Methods The clinical records of 91 patients with chronic hepatitis C who were retreated with peginterferon and ribavirin were retrospectively analyzed. None of the patients had previously attained a SVR, and the patients were categorized according to their previous responses (nonresponder, relapser, or inadequate treatment) to conventional interferon/ribavirin. Results The overall SVR rate was 54.9%. Independent predictors of a SVR were genotypes 2 and 3, relapse, an adherence to peginterferon of over 80%, and an early virological response (EVR). For genotype 1 patients, an adherence to peginterferon of over 80% was an independent predictor of a SVR. Conclusions Peginterferon and ribavirin therapy is effective for the retreatment of Korean chronic hepatitis C patients who have failed interferon/ribavirin, especially in patients with genotypes 2 and 3, relapse, an adherence to peginterferon over 80%, and an EVR. For genotype 1 patients, retreatment was effective in patients with an adherence to peginterferon over 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chin Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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Kim YJ, Cho HC, Sinn DH, Gwak GY, Choi MS, Koh KC, Paik SW, Yoo BC, Lee JH. Frequency and risk factors of renal impairment during long-term adefovir dipivoxil treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 27:306-12. [PMID: 21777281 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM There are insufficient data on renal safety during long-term adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) treatment. We aimed to elucidate the incidence and risk factors of renal impairment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with ADV. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 687 CHB patients (51.4% with compensated cirrhosis) treated with ADV alone (18.2%) or in combination with lamivudine (81.8%) for more than 12 months. Renal function was measured using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and renal dysfunction was defined as mild (20-30% decrease), moderate (30-50%), or severe (more than 50%). RESULTS During the median treatment duration of 27 months, 72 patients (10.5%) developed renal impairment, which was mild in 77.8% of cases, moderate in 20.8% of cases, and severe in one patient. The cumulative incidence of renal impairment at 1, 3, and 5 years was 2.6%, 14.8%, and 34.7%, respectively. Modification of the dosing interval or discontinuation of ADV was required in seven and three patients, respectively, and none of them showed a further decline in the eGFR. Although a univariate analysis revealed age, the number of exposure to radio-contrast dye, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma as risk factors of renal impairment, age was the only significant risk factor identified in the multivariate analysis (odds ratio = 1.048, 95% confidence interval = 1.019-1.076, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Renal impairment in long-term ADV users was relatively frequent, but serious renal toxicity was rare, and all cases were safely managed. Careful monitoring of renal function is required, especially in older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Park SB, Moon MH, Hong SR, Lee MS, Cho HC, Han BH, Lim KT. Adenoma malignum of the uterine cervix: ultrasonographic findings in 11 patients. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011; 38:716-721. [PMID: 21919103 DOI: 10.1002/uog.9078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ultrasonographic features of adenoma malignum, a minimal deviation adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. METHODS Eighteen consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed adenoma malignum were enrolled in this study at two institutions. Preoperative ultrasound examination was performed and the results were available in 11 patients. We analyzed retrospectively the gray-scale ultrasound findings for the following morphologic characteristics: cervical enlargement, as well as size, location and ultrasonographic characteristics of lesions. In five patients we also evaluated Doppler features with regard to intralesional vascularity. RESULTS The cervix was enlarged in 73% (8/11) of cases. The mean greatest tumor diameter was 4.2 (range, 2.5-6.8) cm. In five (45%) cases, the cervix was completely infiltrated by the tumor. At gray-scale ultrasound examination, three (27%) tumors were multilocular lesions, four (36%) were multilocular lesions with solid components and four (36%) were solid lesions. In the multilocular lesions with or without a solid component, locules tended to be 1 cm or less in average diameter (86%, 6/7 cases) and there tended to be 11-20 in number (57%, 4/7 cases). In most (57%, 4/7) cases the locular fluid was homogeneously hypoechoic. Most (75%, 3/4) solid lesions manifested heterogeneous echogenicity. The five (100%) tumors examined with Doppler manifested moderate or abundant color content on color or power Doppler. CONCLUSIONS Adenoma malignum can appear sonographically as solid, multilocular and multilocular solid cervical lesions. Awareness of its clinical and ultrasonographic features might improve diagnosis before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Park
- Department of Radiology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Jung-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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Cho HC, Kim YJ, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Yoo BC, Paik SW. The Seroconversion Rate of Hepatitis A Virus Vaccination among Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Chronic Liver Disease in Korea. Gut Liver 2011; 5:217-20. [PMID: 21814604 PMCID: PMC3140669 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2011.5.2.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroconversion rate of a hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related chronic liver disease (CLD). METHODS Analyses were conducted using clinical records from 94 patients with chronic HBV infection who were seronegative for IgG anti-HAV antibodies between September 2008 and June 2009. Two doses of an HAV vaccine were administered 24 weeks apart. A third vaccine dose was administered only for patients seronegative for anti-HAV antibodies at week 48. RESULTS The seroconversion rate of anti-HAV following the two-dose vaccination was 86.17%. The seroconversion rate of anti-HAV was not significantly different according to age or status of liver disease. The rate was higher in female than in male patients. A third HAV vaccine dose was administered to 13 patients seronegative for anti-HAV after the two-dose regimen, and 84.62% of these patients showed seroconversion at week 72. CONCLUSIONS HAV vaccination is effective in most Korean patients with HBV-related CLD, and it might be necessary to evaluate three-dose vaccination approach for non-responders to the conventional regimen to maximize the success of an HAV vaccination program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chin Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho HC, Paik SW, Kim YJ, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Yoo BC, Son HJ, Kim SW. Seroprevalence of anti-HAV among patients with chronic viral liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:236-41. [PMID: 21245998 PMCID: PMC3020379 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i2.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the current seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies in patients with chronic viral liver disease in Korea. We also tried to identify the factors affecting the prevalence of HAV antibodies.
METHODS: We performed an analysis of the clinical records of 986 patients (mean age: 49 ± 9 years, 714 males/272 females) with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who had undergone HAV antibody testing between January 2008 and December 2009.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of IgG anti-HAV was 86.61% (854/986) in patients with chronic liver disease and was 88.13% (869/986) in age- and gender-matched patients from the Center for Health Promotion. The anti-HAV prevalence was 80.04% (405/506) in patients with chronic hepatitis B, 86.96% (20/23) in patients with chronic hepatitis C, 93.78% (422/450) in patients with HBV related liver cirrhosis, and 100% (7/7) in patients with HCV related liver cirrhosis. The anti-HAV prevalence according to the decade of age was as follows: 20s (6.67%), 30s (50.86%), 40s (92.29%), 50s (97.77%), and 60s (100%). The anti-HAV prevalence was significantly higher in patients older than 40 years compared with that in patients younger than 40 years of age. Multivariable analysis showed that age ≥ 40 years, female gender and metropolitan cities as the place of residence were independent risk factors for IgG anti-HAV seropositivity.
CONCLUSION: Most Korean patients with chronic liver disease and who are above 40 years of age have already been exposed to hepatitis A virus.
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Jung SC, Cho HC, Ra DG, Park SH, Yoon HS, Kim SC, Kim SJ. Degradation of organic dye using zero-valent iron prepared from by-product of pickling line. Water Sci Technol 2011; 64:960-966. [PMID: 22097085 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, zero-valent iron (ZVI) was produced using iron oxide that is a by-product of a pickling line at a steel works. The reaction activity of the produced ZVI was evaluated through a series of decomposition experiments of Orange II aqueous solution. The size of ZVI particles increased with reduction temperature due to coalescence. Correspondingly, the specific surface area of ZVI decreased with increasing reduction temperature. The decomposition efficiency of synthesized ZVI particles was higher at a lower pH. In particular, no significant decomposition reaction was observed at pH of 4 and higher. The rate of the ZVI-assisted decomposition of Orange II was increased by addition of H2O2 at pH of 3, whereas it was reduced by addition of H2O2 at a higher pH of 6. Nevertheless, simultaneous use of ZVI, UV and H2O2 led to a considerable increase in the decomposition rate even at a high pH condition (pH = 6).
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, 315 Maegok, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea.
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Cho HC, Min HJ, Ha CY, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Jung WT, Lee OJ, Bae IG. Reactivation of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Patient with Polygonum multiflorum Thunb-Induced Hepatitis. Gut Liver 2009; 3:52-6. [PMID: 20479902 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2009.3.1.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several cases of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb-induced hepatitis have been reported worldwide. Anthraquinone is an active ingredient of P. multiflorum Thunb. that has been thought to play a role in its hepatotoxicity. Here we report the case of a 34-year-old Korean man who had P. multiflorum Thunb-induced hepatitis and reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis caused by bone marrow suppression, which developed simultaneously. He was admitted to our hospital with recently developed fatigue and aggravated jaundice. He was a previously healthy man except for the sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis seen on chest X-ray. He had a 30-day history of ingesting the root of P. multiflorum as a form of liquor and tea. The patient was diagnosed with P. multiflorum Thunb-induced hepatitis after excluding all other potential causes of acute hepatitis. Liver function gradually improved following the total cessation of the consumption of the material. However, he suffered from spiking fever with progressive pancytopenia during the hospital stay. A bone marrow biopsy showed markedly hypocellular marrow, suggesting transient bone marrow suppression, which was probably caused by extrinsic factors such as drugs, toxins, and viral infection. Although he began to complain of a dry cough, repeated sputum investigations revealed positive acid-fast bacillus staining. The fever subsided and pancytopenia improved after treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. These observations suggest that P. multiflorum Thunb induces both bone marrow suppression and hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
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Hur M, Park JY, Cho HC, Lee KM, Shin HY, Cho HI. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C genotypes are associated with the risks of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and chronic myelogenous leukaemia in the Korean population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:154-9. [PMID: 16706930 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.2006.00769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme involved in folate metabolism, DNA methylation and synthesis. We investigated the association between MTHFR polymorphisms and the risks of acute and chronic leukaemias. MTHFR C677T and A1298C were genotyped in 396 Korean individuals using multiplex polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment-length polymorphism. They were acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL, n = 89), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML, n = 55), biphenotypic acute leukaemia (n = 12), chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML, n = 40), and normal controls (n = 200). C677T genotypes were not associated with the risk of each disease. A1298C variants, however, significantly decreased the risks of ALL and CML compared with 1298AA. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of 1298AC and 1298AC + CC were 0.53 (0.31-0.93) and 0.54 (0.31-0.93) in ALL, and 0.34 (0.14-0.80) and 0.40 (0.18-0.89) in CML, respectively, compared with 1298AA. These findings demonstrate that the development of ALL and CML is more dependent on folate status, and more susceptible to DNA instability than that of AML. In addition, A1298C rather than C677T may be a more important genetic risk modifier in leukaemogenesis at least in the Korean population.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Confidence Intervals
- Female
- Folic Acid/metabolism
- Gene Frequency/physiology
- Humans
- Infant
- Korea
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Male
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/enzymology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Assessment
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hur M, Lee KM, Cho HC, Park YI, Kim SH, Chang YW, Kim YR, Cho HI. Protein 4.1 deficiency and deletion of chromosome 20q are associated with acquired elliptocytosis in myelodysplastic syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 26:69-72. [PMID: 14738441 DOI: 10.1111/j.0141-9854.2003.00583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), associated with prominent elliptocytosis. A 66-year-old male presented with peripheral pancytopenia, and was diagnosed with MDS [refractory anaemia (RA)]. Apart from marked elliptocytosis, dyshaematopoietic features were not evident in his peripheral blood or hypercellular bone marrow. After 18 months, he had progressed to RA with excess blasts in transformation. Analysis of red blood cell membrane proteins by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed a reduced quantity of protein 4.1 (30% of control). Deletion of chromosome 20q was identified by conventional cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Marked elliptocytosis, persistent for more than 17 months, decreased strikingly after chemotherapy with idarubicin and Ara-C. These findings suggest that acquired elliptocytosis occurred as an unusual morphological feature of MDS, associated with abnormalities of protein 4.1 and chromosome 20q.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Two proteins, p16INK4A and p14ARF, originating from the same gene locus CDKN2A, use different promoters and alternative reading frames. p16INK4A is translated from alpha transcript and p14ARF is from beta transcript. These two proteins, which are inactivated in some human malignancies, are possible tumour suppressor candidates. In this study, we investigated the expression of p16INK4A and p14ARF mRNAs in haematological malignancies. We studied eight normal bone marrow samples, three reactive granulocytic hyperplasia patients, and 21 haematological malignancy patients, including seven acute myelogenous leukaemia, four acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, five myelodysplastic syndrome, five chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML). p16INK4A and p14ARF mRNA expression was assayed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Normal bone marrows and reactive granulocytic hyperplasia showed barely detectable expression of either mRNA. In contrast, p16INK4A and p14ARF mRNA expression was abnormally increased in patients with haematological malignancies. Especially in CML, overexpression of p16INK4A and p14ARF mRNAs was more frequent than in controls (80 and 60%, respectively, P < 0.05). In conclusion, p16INK4A and p14ARF mRNA expression was frequently increased in haematological malignancies, especially in CML. We suggest that overexpression of these mRNAs may be related to the pathogenesis of haematological malignancies.
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MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/biosynthesis
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, p16
- Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics
- Hematologic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Hematologic Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/metabolism
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF/biosynthesis
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
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Lee KA, Kim SH, Woo HY, Hong YJ, Cho HC. Increased frequencies of glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1 and GSTT1) gene deletions in Korean patients with acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 2001; 98:3483-5. [PMID: 11719393 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.12.3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with reduced ability to metabolize environmental carcinogens or toxins may be at risk of developing aplastic anemia. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) has been implicated in detoxifying mutagenic electrophilic compounds. This study asked whether the homozygous gene deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1 affect the likelihood of developing aplastic anemia. The incidence of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions was significantly higher for aplastic anemia patients (odds ratio [OR]: 3.1, P =.01 and OR: 3.1, P =.004, respectively) than for healthy controls. Among the aplastic anemia patients, 17.5% (10:57) had chromosomal abnormalities at the time of diagnosis, and all aplastic anemia patients with chromosomal abnormalities showed GSTT1 gene deletions (P =.048). Individuals with GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions may have greater susceptibility to aplastic anemia. It is possible that genetic instability or chromosomal damage due to abnormal detoxification of environmental toxins might have worked as an important pathophysiologic mechanism of aplastic anemia for patients with GSTT1 gene deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
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Kim MH, Lee KM, Oh HJ, Cho HC, Cho DH, Nam H, Cha GS, Paeng KJ. Potentiometric pH response of polymer membranes incorporated with ion-exchangers. ANAL SCI 2001; 17:995-7. [PMID: 11708108 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.17.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M H Kim
- Chemical Sensor Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
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Abstract
Sclerosing stromal tumors are rare benign ovarian stromal tumors, which have distinctive clinical and pathologic features. The tumors occur predominantly in the second and third decades and are histologically characterized by the pseudolobular pattern of the cellular and hypocellular areas, marked vascularity, and heterogeneity of the cellular area. We analyzed 7 cases of sclerosing stromal tumors, which showed a typical sonographic appearance. On sonograms, sclerosing stromal tumors were solid and cystic and contained multiple round or cleftlike cysts. Ascites was rare. On transvaginal color Doppler sonograms, sclerosing stromal tumors were very hypervascular in the peripheral solid area and internal intercystic space and showed low-impedance flow. We conclude that sclerosing stromal tumors should be considered in young women with menstrual irregularity who have hypervascular solid and cystic adnexal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Cheil Hospital, Sungkyunkwan, University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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35
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Kim JK, Cho HC, Kim SC. Removal of unburned carbon from coal fly ash using a pneumatic triboelectrostatic separator. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2001; 36:1709-1724. [PMID: 11688685 DOI: 10.1081/ese-100106253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A pneumatic triboelectrostatic beneficiation system of fly ash was studied using a continuous, bench-scale electroseparator composed of two vertical electrode plates and an ejector-tribocharger. Tests were conducted to evaluate the charge density and the separation efficiency at various operating conditions. It was found that the higher charge densities were obtained at (1) the air flow rate of 1.75 m3/min. (2) the feed rate of less than 50 kg/h. and (3) the relative humidity of less than 30% with use of a stainless ejector tribocharger. With these optimum conditions, the clean ash of less than LOI 3% was recovered with a yield over 75% when operated at the diffuser slit gap of 4mm, the diffuser outlet velocity of 16.1-18.6 m/s, and the distance of 15 cm between diffuser slit and splitter. The optimum feed rate was found to be 740 kg/h per m2 of electrode surface area, which can be used as a scale-up factor of electroseparator.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Power Generation Laboratory, Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Taejon
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36
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Abstract
HLA-A24 is the second most frequently expressed HLA-A type in Koreans (GF 22.8%). Four different serologic reaction patterns were observed in Korean A24 positive samples using a commercial serologic typing kit. To clarify the nature of serologic heterogeneity, thirteen A24 positive DNA samples representing the four different serologic reaction patterns were subjected to DNA sequencing analysis of the amplified HLA-A genes from each sample. Four A*24 alleles (A*2402101, A*2403, A*2408, and A*2421) were associated with the four unique serologic reaction patterns. During this study, a novel allele, A*2421, was characterized. The new sequence is similar to A*2402101, differing at codon 127 (AAA-->AAC; K-->N). By comparing putative amino acid sequences and serologic reaction patterns of A*24 allelic products identified in this study, several crucial sites for A24- and A9-specific antibody binding were predicted: 127K for A24 antibody binding, and 62E-65G and 166D-167G for A9 antibody binding. This information will be helpful for accurately assigning HLA-A24 types by serology and for predicting serologic types of new alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea.
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37
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Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance surveillance can provide information needed for empirical therapy of antimicrobial agents and for control of resistance. To determine the trend of antimicrobial resistance in Korea, in vitro susceptibility data in 1998 were collected from 25 hospitals participating to a program of Korean Nationwide Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (KONSAR). The data were analyzed based upon hospital location and bed capacity. The results showed that cefoxitin-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae and 3rd-generation cephalosporin-resistant K. pneumoniae were prevalent, that 3rd-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. cloacae, S. marcesens and A. baumannii had increased, and ampicillin-resistant S. enterica were not rare. Oxacillin-resistant S. aureus, penicillin-non-susceptible pneumococci and beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae were prevalent even smaller hospitals surveyed, and an increase of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium is a new obvious threat. In general, resistance rates to some old antimicrobial agents, i.e., E. coli to ampicillin and S. aureus to oxacillin were high and did not vary greatly between the different levels of hospitals, while the rates to some of the newer ones, i.e., P. aeruginosa to imipenem, was quite variable and depended on the hospitals, probably reflecting difference in selective pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Cho HC, Tsushima RG, Nguyen TT, Guy HR, Backx PH. Two critical cysteine residues implicated in disulfide bond formation and proper folding of Kir2.1. Biochemistry 2000; 39:4649-57. [PMID: 10769120 DOI: 10.1021/bi992469g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inwardly rectifying potassium channels are important in cellular repolarization of many excitable tissues. Amino acid sequence alignment of different mammalian inward rectifier K(+) channels revealed two absolutely conserved cysteine residues in the putative extracellular face, suggesting a possible disulfide bond. Replacement of these cysteine residues in the Kir2.1 channel (i.e., C122 and C154) with either alanine or serine abolished current in Xenopus laevis oocytes although Western blotting established that the channels were fully expressed. The digestion pattern of channels treated with V8 protease combined with Western blotting under reducing and nonreducing conditions confirmed intrasubunit cross-linking of C122 and C154. Whole-cell and single channel current recordings of oocytes expressing tandem tetrameric constructs with one or two of the mutant subunits suggested that insertion of one mutant subunit is sufficient to eliminate channel function. Coexpression studies confirmed that the cysteine mutant channels eliminate wild-type Kir2.1 currents in a dominant-negative manner. Despite these results, sulfhydryl reduction did not alter the functional properties of Kir2.1 currents. Molecular modeling of Kir2.1 with the two cysteines cross-linked predicted that the extracellular loop between the first transmembrane domain and the pore helix contains a beta-hairpin structure. Distinct from the KcsA structure, the disulfide bond together with the beta-hairpin structure is expected to constrain and stabilize the P-loop and selectivity filter. Taken together, these results suggest that intramolecular disulfide bond exists between C122 and C154 of Kir2.1 channel and this cross-link might be required for proper channel folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Cho
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
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Chong Y, Lee K, Park YJ, Jeon DS, Lee MH, Kim MY, Chang CH, Kim EC, Lee NY, Kim HS, Kang ES, Cho HC, Paik IK, Lee HS, Jang SJ, Park AJ, Cha YJ, Kang SH, Lee MH, Song W, Shin JH. Korean Nationwide Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance of bacteria in 1997. Yonsei Med J 1998; 39:569-77. [PMID: 10097685 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.1998.39.6.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are known to be prevalent in tertiary-care hospitals in Korea. Twenty hospitals participated to this surveillance to determine the nationwide prevalence of resistance bacteria in 1997. Seven per cent and 26% of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were resistant to 3rd-generation cephalosporin. Increased resistance rates, 19% of Acinetobacter baumannii to ampicillin/sulbactam, and 17% of Pseudomonas aeruginoa to imipenem, were noted. The resistance rate to fluoroquinolone rose to 24% in E. coli, 56% in A. baumannii and 42% in P. aeruginosa. Mean resistance rates were similar in all hospital groups: about 17% of P. aeruginosa to imipenem, 50% of Haemophilus influenzae to ampicillin, 70% of Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin, and 70% of pneumococci to penicillin. In conclusion, nosocomial pathogens and problem resistant organisms are prevalent in smaller hospitals too, indicating nosocomial spread is a significant cause of the increasing prevalence of resistant bacteria in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
Microtiter plate-format optodes could be assembled by casting bulk-response membranes into the standard 96-well polypropylene-based plate or by screen printing them on an optically transparent substrate with 96-well pattern. The compositions of thick optode membranes, especially the ratios of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) to plasticizer [bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS)], were carefully optimized to provide reproducible and rapid response. Adjusting the ratio of PVC to DOS by 1:6, bulk-response membranes containing neutral carrier (4-tert-butyl calix[4]arene tetraacetic acid tetraethyl ester for sodium-selective membrane or valinomycin for potassium-selective membrane) and lipophilic pH indicator (ETH 5294) could exhibit equilibrium response in 5 min. The practical utility of microtiter plate-format optodes has been examined by determining clinically relevant electrolytes in serum samples. It was demonstrated that microtiter plate-format optodes can provide high sample throughput (approximately 100 samples in less than 5 min), analytical performance comparable to that of a potentiometric clinical analyzer, and additional information on electrolytes using the same samples prepared for other colorimetric measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
To investigate prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in patients with Behcet's disease (BD) and to determine whether they are related to anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aGPI), we measured aCL and aGPI in 47 patients of BD and 14 patients of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The levels of aCL and aGPI were determined by conventional enzyme immunoassay for both IgG and IgM classes. Twelve (25.5%) patients with BD were positive for IgG or IgM aCL and no patient was positive for aGPI. Eleven (78.6%) patients with SLE were also positive for aCL and among them, 8 (72.7%) patients were positive for aGPI. Positive IgG aCL patients with BD showed lower level of IgG aCL than those with SLE (15.7+/-7.3 vs 34.1+/-16.0 GPL, p<0.05). There was no relation between the presence of aCL in BD and either dinical activity or clinical features. In the patients with BD, aCL are found but it would not be associated with aGPI as they are in patients with SLE. In patients with BD, aCL seem to be authentic aCL unlike those in patients with SLE and may not be related with vascular complications in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Pyen JS, Kim SK, Choi SJ, Park YS, Cho HC, Han YP. The effect of cyclosporin A on the growth of human glioma cell lines. Arch Pharm Res 1997; 20:379-83. [PMID: 18975184 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/1997] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A, an potent immunosuppressant, has been known to be one of the modulators of drug resistance as well as a cytostatic drug. Despite many attempts to basic or clinical application of cyclosporin A, there are few reports on the inhibition of brain tumor cells. In the present experiment, the possibility of cyclosporin A as synergic adjuvant was investigated by MTT assay, [(3)H] thymidine uptake and through flowcytometric analysis. Sole treatment of cyclosporin A on the CRT and CH235-MG glioma cell line revealed dose dependent cytotoxicity within a range of tested dose. Combined treatment of cyclosporin A with ACNU, BCNU and hydroxyurea on various glioma cancer cell line led to a significant synergistic cytotoxicity as well as inhibition of DNA synthesis with dose-dependency. In addition, cyclosporin A alone or combined treatment caused discernible changes of cell cycle in the tested cells. These data provide that cyclosporin A could potentiate the effect of nitrosourea compoundsin vitro on human glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Pyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 220-701, Wonju, Korea
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Abstract
The reliability and validity of the Cognitive Impairment Diagnosing Instrument (CIDI) were studied in 67 nursing home elderly subjects and 251 elderly psychiatric patients. Its possible highest score is 77 and covers 10 subscales: short-term memory, long-term memory, concentration/calculation, abstract thinking, judgement, memory registration, higher cortical functions, orientation in time, orientation in place and object naming. Test-retest correlations were between 0.827 and 0.990 for the subscale scores and 0.984 for the total score. Inter-tester kappas for each item ranged from 0.200 to 1.000 with a mean of 0.698. Concordance rates were between 50.0 and 100.0% with a mean of 87.2%. Cronbach's alphas for the items of the individual subscales ranged from 0.702 to 0.915. Inter-subscale and subscale-total correlations ranged from 0.503 to 0.820 with a mean of 0.684 and from 0.721 to 0.883, respectively. Cronbach's alpha of the subscales was 0.934. Sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% and 93.8% at the cut-off point of 57.0/57.5 for dementia. Subscale and total scores were significantly different between the demented and non-demented. The total CIDI score was significantly correlated with scores of the Blessed Dementia Rating Scale and the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Taegu, Korea
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Abstract
The HLA-DR molecule is a polymorphic membrane glycoprotein and one of the key molecules causing allograft rejection and graft-versus-host disease in organ transplantation. Serologic typing using DR specific alloantisera has long been used, but several problems have limited its application. The purpose of this study was to establish an efficient reverse-SSO typing system that detects DRB1 and DRB3/B4/B5 alleles on a single membrane. A DR typing membrane was prepared by immobilizing 21 dT-tailed sequence specific oligonucleotides (SSOs) on a nylon membrane and was used in a hybridization assay with digoxigenin-labeled PCR-amplified target DNA. The positive signals were detected on X-ray film using chemiluminescence. A comparison study with serology using DNAs from 105 unrelated individuals demonstrated that the reverse-SSO typing system was superior to serologic typing in terms of accuracy (100% vs 90.5%), simplicity, range of application, rapidity, and cost of the test. These data indicate that the reverse-SSO typing system can replace serology as a routine DR test, and will be useful in time-restricted solid organ transplantation and in selection of an unrelated marrow donor prior to bone marrow transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho HC, Lawson KF. Protection of dogs against death from experimental rabies by postexposure administration of rabies vaccine and hyperimmune globulin (human). Can J Vet Res 1989; 53:434-7. [PMID: 2590870 PMCID: PMC1255572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two experiments on simulated postexposure treatment were carried out in dogs using human rabies immunoglobulin (RIGH) and human diploid cell vaccine for human use. In one experiment, when animals were challenged by injecting street virus into the masseter muscle and treated with a combination of RIGH and vaccine, 50% of the animals were protected from rabies. In the other trial, in which animals were challenged by injecting the virus into the femoral muscle, treatment with RIGH and vaccine protected all the animals against rabies. To our knowledge this is the highest rate of postexposure survival in animals reported to date. In addition, five out of eight (62.5%) dogs that received RIGH alone after the virus challenge were protected, while none of the animals receiving vaccine alone were protected from rabies. These trials suggest that animals can be protected from rabies by postexposure treatment. The route of exposure and timing of the administration of vaccine and hyperimmune serum would seem to be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Cho
- Connaught Laboratories Limited, Willowdale, Ontario
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Abstract
Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) was used to measure rabies antibodies in 47 serum samples from vaccinees with results similar to those obtained by mouse neutralization test (MNT). The use of inactivated rabies virus for IEM eliminated the hazard associated with live virus used in the MNT.
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Cho HC. Stability of slides coated with infected cells in immunofluorescent antibody test for herpes simplex virus. Can J Public Health 1978; 69:386-8. [PMID: 214217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
Serum neutralization antibody and immunoglobulin responses in 30 individuals were studied in paired serum samples which had been obtained before and 2 to 3 weeks after the administration of a recall dose of rabies tissue culture vaccine. The immune reaction consisted of a predominantly immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody response. Also, a significant increase in neutralizing antibody titers was observed, but without a consistently correlated change of the IgG levels in the individual serum samples. The radial immunodiffusion test appears to contain the elements necessary for the development of a routine test to determine rabies antibody in single serum samples.
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Cho HC, Kramer TT. Radial immunodiffusion of chicken serum proteins. I. Standardization of optimal test procedures. Can J Comp Med 1970; 34:341-6. [PMID: 4249097 PMCID: PMC1319477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Optimal conditions were determined for the quantitaion of chicken serum albumin, conalbumin, IgG and IgM by the radial immunodiffusion test. The best diluent was 0.15 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.2. The optimal concentration of the rabbit antiserum in the agar plate was inversely related to the molecular weight of the protein under study. The incubation time required for maximum ring formation was directly related to the molecular weight of the proteins under study. The reproducibility of the tests was evaluated using stored and fresh antiserum-agar plates.
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