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Ollech JE, Eran-Banai H, Goren I, Sharar Fischler T, Avni-Biron I, Snir Y, Broitman Y, Cohen S, Friedenberg A, Pauker MH, Dotan I, Yanai H. Tofacitinib is an effective treatment for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis, and intestinal ultrasound can discriminate response from non-response: a pragmatic prospective real-world study. Ann Med 2024; 56:2358183. [PMID: 38813808 PMCID: PMC11141311 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2358183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Real-world data on tofacitinib's effectiveness is limited and mainly retrospective or registry-based. We elected to conduct a pragmatic prospective study to assess the efficacy of tofacitinib for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC), aiming to evaluate the ability of intestinal ultrasound (IUS) to discriminate responders vs. non-responders in real-time. METHODS This pragmatic prospective clinical study included consecutive adult patients starting tofacitinib treatment for active moderate to severe UC. Patients were evaluated at baseline and after 8 weeks of tofacitinib (clinical, biomarker, endoscopy, and IUS). The primary outcome was clinical response defined by a decrease in the full Mayo score (fMS) of ≥3 at week 8. Next, we explored ultrasonographic parameters in the sigmoid colon as potential real-time classifiers to differentiate between responders and non-responders at week 8. RESULTS Overall, 30 adult patients started tofacitinib; the median age was 26.3 years (IQR 22.5-39.8), and 50% were female. Most patients (86.6%) had left-sided or extensive colitis, 96.7% had previously failed biologic therapy, and 60% (18/30) were on oral corticosteroids at the start of tofacitinib. At week 8, clinical response (a decrease in the fMS ≥ 3) and remission (fMS ≤ 2) rates were 40% (12/30) and 20% (6/30), respectively. Biomarker response (FC < 250µg/g) and biomarker normalization (FC ≤ 100µg/g) were achieved in 47.6% (10/21) and 38.1% (8/21) of patients, respectively. Endoscopic healing (endoscopic Mayo sub-score [EMS] ≤ 1) was achieved in 33.3% (10/30) of patients. Sigmoid bowel wall normalization as assessed by IUS (sBWT ≤ 3) was achieved in 18.2% (4/22). The best sBWT cut-off at week 8 to accurately classify endoscopic healing vs. no healing was a sBWT of 3.6 mm (AUC of 0.952 [95% CI: 0.868-1.036], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In this real-world pragmatic prospective study, tofacitinib was an effective treatment for moderate to severe UC, and IUS at week 8 accurately discriminated treatment response from non-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob E. Ollech
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagar Eran-Banai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Idan Goren
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH, U.S.A
| | - Tali Sharar Fischler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Avni-Biron
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yifat Snir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yelena Broitman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaked Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Friedenberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maor H. Pauker
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Dotan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Henit Yanai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Lu ZH, Ding Y, Wang YJ, Chen C, Yao XR, Yuan XM, Bu F, Bao H, Dong YW, Zhou Q, Li L, Chen T, Li Y, Zhou JY, Wang Q, Shi GP, Jiang F, Chen YG. Early administration of Wumei Wan inhibit myeloid-derived suppressor cells via PI3K/Akt pathway and amino acids metabolism to prevent colitis-associated colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118260. [PMID: 38685367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wumei Wan (WMW), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been proved to be effective in treating Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), but it has not been proven to be effective in different stages of CAC. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of our study is to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of WMW on the progression of CAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Azioximethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were used to treat mice for the purpose of establishing CAC models. WMW was administered in different stages of CAC. The presentative chemical components in WMW were confirmed by LC-MS/MS under the optimized conditions. The detection of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and colon of mice were estimated by qRT-PCR and ELISA. The changes of T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in each group were detected by flow cytometry. The metabolic components in serum of mice were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. Expression of genes and proteins were detected by eukaryotic transcriptomics and Western blot to explore the key pathway of WMW in preventing CAC. RESULTS WMW had significant effect on inhibiting inflammatory responses and tumors during the early development stage of CAC when compared to other times. WMW increased the length of mice's colons, reduced the level of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α in colon tissues, and effectively alleviated colonic inflammation, and improved the pathological damage of colon tissues. WMW could significantly reduce the infiltration of MDSCs in the spleen, increase CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in the spleen of CAC mice, and effectively reform the immune microenvironment in CAC mice. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that 2204 genes had different patterns of overlap in the colon tissues of mice between control group, AOM + DSS group, and early administration of WMW group. And KEGG enrichment analysis showed that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, pancreatic secretion, thermogenesis, and Rap1 signaling pathway were all involved. The serum metabolomics results of WMW showed that the metabolic compositions of the control group, AOM + DSS group and the early stage of WMW were different, and 42 differential metabolites with the opposite trends of changes were screened. The metabolic pathways mainly included pyrimidine metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and purine metabolism. And amino acids and related metabolites may play an important role in WMW prevention of CAC. CONCLUSION WMW can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of CAC, especially in the initial stage. WMW can reduce the immune infiltration of MDSCs in the early stage. Early intervention of WMW can improve the metabolic disorder caused by AOM + DSS, especially correct the amino acid metabolism. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was inhabited in early administration of WMW, which can regulate the amplification and function of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu-Ji Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing-Ran Yao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Min Yuan
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Bu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Bao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Wei Dong
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yang Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jin-Yong Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Yu-Gen Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Chen Y, Yuan H, Tan X, Shang Y, Sun X, Wang P, Jiang L. CXCR4-Targeted 68 Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT Imaging in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Nucl Med 2024; 49:817-821. [PMID: 39086048 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000005374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of CXCR4-targeted 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT imaging in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS Five IBD patients and 12 control subjects performing 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT examinations were included. 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT imaging and endoscopic findings were recorded and compared. The semiquantitative parameters of 68 Ga-pentixafor uptake by the lesion segments in IBD patients and the normal intestines in the control were investigated. RESULTS Among these 5 IBD patients, endoscopy successfully examined a total of 26 intestinal segments, with 13 segments showing endoscopic lesions. 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT was positive in all endoscopy-proven lesions (13/13). Additionally, 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT revealed the lesions in small intestines and colons that cannot be reached by endoscopy due to severe stenosis, and mesenteric lymphadenitis accompanied IBD. The SUV max of the lesion segments in IBD patients was significantly higher than that of the normal intestines in the control group (median, 3.15 [range, 1.61-6.26] vs 1.67 [1.18-2.29], P < 0.001). Moreover, the SUV max ratios of the lesion segments/liver or blood pool were higher when compared with the control (2.20 [1.13-3.26] vs 0.85 [0.54-1.20]; 1.66 [0.94-2.95] vs 0.67 [0.52-1.04]; P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT can be a potentially valuable tool to assess the active intestinal lesions of IBD with high sensitivity. Moreover, this noninvasive approach does not require fasting or bowel preparation, offering good tolerance and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- From the PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University
| | - Hui Yuan
- From the PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University
| | - Xiaoyue Tan
- From the PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University
| | - Yuxiang Shang
- From the PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- From the PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University
| | - Peng Wang
- From the PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University
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Zheng J, Wang Y, Li L, Chen M, Chen R, Zhang S. Platelet-to-lymphocyte percentage ratio for assessing disease activity and predicting therapeutic outcomes in ulcerative colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112506. [PMID: 38914032 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Disease activity assessment and treatment outcome prediction are crucial in the patient management of ulcerative colitis (UC); yet the significance of platelet-to-lymphocyte percentage ratio (PLpR) remains unknown, which was investigated in this study. METHODS We used data from three clinical trials: ACT 1, PURSUIT, and UNIFI. In total, 7,614 endoscopic procedures and 1,365 patients were included for assessing severity and predicting outcome, respectively. The primary outcome was endoscopic remission, defined as a Mayo endoscopic score of 0. The diagnostic capacity of PLpR was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) while multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the prognostic power of PLpR. RESULTS PLpR showed higher AUCs than C-reactive protein in identifying endoscopic remission (P < 0.001) and improvement (P < 0.001). Besides, combining PLpR with fecal calprotectin enhanced the power to distinguish disease activity. In therapeutic outcome analyses, higher PLpR level indicated worse long-term outcomes. PLpR ≥ 1016.7 predicted a lower likelihood of endoscopic remission (OR: 0.50 [95 % CI: 0.39-0.65]; P < 0.001), endoscopic improvement (OR: 0.45 [95 % CI: 0.36-0.57]; P < 0.001), clinical remission (OR: 0.50 [95 % CI: 0.39-0.62]; P < 0.001), histologic improvement (OR: 0.50 [95 % CI: 0.31-0.79]; P = 0.004), and histologic-endoscopic mucosal improvement (OR: 0.42 [95 % CI: 0.27-0.66]; P < 0.001). Moreover, PLpR added the prognostic value to C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin, clinical and endoscopic scores to predict long-term outcomes. CONCLUSION PLpR could be a promising biomarker for monitoring disease activity and predicting long-term therapeutic outcomes in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rirong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangxi Hospital Division of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Nanning, China.
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Marsh A, Chachay V, Banks M, Okano S, Hartel G, Radford-Smith G. A pilot randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern on disease activity, symptoms and microbiota profile in adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01487-9. [PMID: 39122803 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES There is a lack of certainty in dietary prescription for individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to heterogeneity in studies to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy on disease activity of a modified anti-inflammatory dietary pattern purposely designed to reduce intake of food additives (IBD-MAID), compared to standard care, in adults with IBD. SUBJECT/METHODS Adults with IBD were randomised to IBD-MAID (meals provided) [n = 29] or general healthy eating (GHE) [n = 29] for 8 weeks. Disease activity, faecal calprotectin (FC), C-reactive protein (CRP), symptoms, and quality of life (S&QOL) were assessed using validated tools. RESULTS The IBD-MAID was well tolerated and adhered to (92% adherence). At week 8, there was no statistically significant difference in change from baseline in outcome measures between groups. However, baseline to week 8 analysis indicated: (1) statistically significant improvements in S (p = 0.001) & QOL (p = 0.004), FC (p = 0.007), and Crohn's disease activity (p = 0.03) but not ulcerative colitis, in individuals following the IBD-MAID and (2) statistically significant improvement in QOL in individuals receiving GHE (p = 0.015). Correlation analysis on change from baseline to week 8 revealed a greater decrease in food additives intake was associated with statistically significant improvements in FC, S & QOL and alignment of anti-inflammatory dietary principles with improvements in QOL. CONCLUSION The IBD-MAID was well tolerated. The most novel finding pertains to the correlation between reduced food additives intake and improvements in inflammatory markers, S&QOL. Further research is needed to explore the effects of food additives exposure on IBD course. TRIAL REGISTRATION 12619001500145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Marsh
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia.
| | - Veronique Chachay
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Merrilyn Banks
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Satomi Okano
- Statistics Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Gunter Hartel
- Statistics Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Graham Radford-Smith
- Gut Health Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Zhdanava M, Kachroo S, Boonmak P, Burbage S, Shah A, Korsiak J, Lefebvre P, Kerner C, Pilon D. Comparison of real-world healthcare resource utilization among advanced therapy-naïve and -experienced patients with ulcerative colitis initiated on ustekinumab or vedolizumab. Curr Med Res Opin 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39104290 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2024.2388839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe and compare healthcare resource utilization (HRU) among advanced therapy-naïve and -experienced patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) initiating ustekinumab or vedolizumab in the United States. METHODS Claims data from IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus de-identified database (01/01/2015-06/30/2022) were used to identify adult patients with UC initiating ustekinumab or vedolizumab (index date) after 10/21/2019. Baseline characteristics were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting. All-cause and UC-related HRU (number of inpatient admissions, inpatient days, emergency department visits, and outpatient visits) were described during the post-index period, and Poisson regression models were used to evaluate associations between index therapy and HRU outcomes. Analyses were performed separately among advanced therapy-naïve or -experienced patients. RESULTS A total of 444 (ustekinumab) and 1,917 (vedolizumab) advanced therapy-naïve patients, and 647 (ustekinumab) and 1,152 (vedolizumab) advanced therapy-experienced patients were identified. In advanced therapy-naïve patients, higher rates of UC-related inpatient days (rate ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.84 [1.15, 3.58]; p = 0.004), emergency department visits (1.39 [1.01, 2.17]; p = 0.044), and outpatient visits (1.81 [1.61, 2.04]; p < 0.001) were observed among patients initiating vedolizumab relative to ustekinumab. In advanced therapy-experienced patients, higher rates of UC-related inpatient admissions (1.47 [1.06, 2.12]; p = 0.012), inpatient days (2.18 (1.44, 3.71); p < 0.001), and outpatient visits (1.50 (1.19, 1.82); p < 0.001) were observed among patients initiating vedolizumab relative to ustekinumab. Results were similar when all-cause HRU was examined. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with UC with and without advanced therapy experience, higher rates of all-cause and UC-related HRU were observed among those treated with vedolizumab relative to ustekinumab.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumesh Kachroo
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, a Johnson & Johnson Company, Horsham, PA, USA
| | | | - Sabree Burbage
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, a Johnson & Johnson Company, Horsham, PA, USA
| | - Aditi Shah
- Analysis Group, Inc., Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Caroline Kerner
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, a Johnson & Johnson Company, Horsham, PA, USA
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Watanabe K, Hirai F, Kobayashi K, Takeuchi K, Kurosu S, Inagaki K, Iwayama KI, Naganuma M. Impact of twice-daily budesonide foam administration on early clinical response and endoscopic remission in patients with ulcerative colitis: a post hoc analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 39098867 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Early treatment response of ulcerative colitis (UC) symptom resolution is desirable. This post hoc analysis evaluated efficacy outcomes, including endoscopic remission, by responder status and the influence of once-daily (QD) versus twice-daily (BID) budesonide foam dosing in patients with UC. METHODS Data were pooled from phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials of budesonide rectal foam QD or BID or placebo for up to 12 weeks. Outcomes were evaluated by treatment and budesonide administration regimen and by responder group: early (rectal bleeding subscore [RBS] 0 from Week 2 through Week 6), delayed (RBS 0 at Week 6), and nonresponder (RBS > 0 at Week 6). RESULTS The main analysis set included 55 (QD) and 120 (BID) budesonide-treated patients and 116 placebo-treated patients. At Week 6, the trend in early response rate was significant among treatment groups (BID, 45.3%; QD, 32.1%; placebo, 12.8%; P < 0.0001). Among BID recipients, trends for complete endoscopic remission rate (Mayo endoscopic score [MES] = 0) and endoscopic remission rate (MES = 0 or 1) were significant among responder status groups (early responder, 67.4% and 95.4%, respectively; delayed responder, 48.1% and 85.2%; nonresponder, 24.0% and 64.0%; P < 0.001 for both). Regardless of the administration regimen, most early responders achieved endoscopic remission at Week 6. Among responder status groups, early responders' cumulative non-relapse period was greatest (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION A BID budesonide administration regimen is preferred to increase the probability of early response and, following endoscopic remission, a better prognosis after stopping treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Fumihito Hirai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kobayashi
- Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ken Takeuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, IBD Center, Tsujinaka Hospital Kashiwanoha, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Makoto Naganuma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Ahuja V, Hilmi I, Ye BD, Ling KL, Ng SC, Leong RW, Kumar P, Khoo XH, Makharia GK, Sollano J, Pisespongsa P, Mustaffa N, Banerjee R, Leow AHR, Raja Ali RA, Chuah SW, Palaniappan S, Ooi CJ, Leung WK. Ten missteps in the management of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: An expert report by the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology Working Group on Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:1500-1508. [PMID: 38725188 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rapidly emerging in the Asia Pacific region. However, there are many challenges in the diagnosis and management of this condition. The Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) Working Group on IBD conducted a round table meeting to identify 10 common mistakes in the management of IBD in Asia. To summarize, many physicians still over rely on a definitive histological diagnosis before starting treatment and do not fully establish disease extent such as perianal and proximal gastrointestinal involvement in Crohn's disease (CD) or extent of involvement in ulcerative colitis (UC). It is also essential to actively look for evidence of extra-intestinal manifestations, which may influence choice of therapy. In terms of conventional therapy, underuse of topical 5 aminosalicylates (5-ASAs) in UC and inappropriate dosing of corticosteroids are also important considerations. Acute severe UC remains a life-threatening condition and delay in starting rescue therapy after inadequate response to intravenous steroids is still common. Anti-tumor necrosis factors should be considered first line in all cases of complex perianal fistulizing CD. Most patients with IBD are on potent immunosuppressive therapy and should be screened for latent infections and offered vaccinations according to guidelines. Under-recognition and management of significant complications such as anemia, osteoporosis, malnutrition, and thromboembolism should also be addressed. Colonoscopy is still not properly performed for dysplasia/cancer surveillance and for evaluating post-op recurrence of CD. Another common misstep is inappropriate withdrawal of medications during pregnancy leading to increased complications for the mother and the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ida Hilmi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Byong Duk Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Khoon Lin Ling
- Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rupert W Leong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peeyush Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Xin Hui Khoo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Pises Pisespongsa
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nazri Mustaffa
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Malaysia
| | - Rupa Banerjee
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Alex Hwong-Ruey Leow
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Sai Wei Chuah
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Gleneagles Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Shanthi Palaniappan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Choon Jin Ooi
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Gleneagles Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Wai K Leung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Maida M, Dahiya DS, Shah YR, Tiwari A, Gopakumar H, Vohra I, Khan A, Jaber F, Ramai D, Facciorusso A. Screening and Surveillance of Colorectal Cancer: A Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2746. [PMID: 39123473 PMCID: PMC11312202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the highest mortality rate among men and is the second highest among women under fifty, with incidence and mortality rates rising in younger populations. Studies indicate that up to one-third of patients diagnosed before fifty have a family history or genetic factors, highlighting the need for earlier screening. Contrariwise, diagnosis in healthy subjects through screening strategies enables early-stage detection of the tumor and better clinical outcomes. In recent years, mortality rates of CRC in Western countries have been on a steady decline, which is largely attributed to widespread screening programs and advancements in treatment modalities. Indeed, early detection through screening significantly improves prognosis, with stark differences in survival rates between localized and metastatic disease. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature, delving into the performance and efficacy of various CRC screening strategies. It navigates through available screening tools, evaluating their efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The discussion extends to delineating target populations for screening, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches for individuals at heightened risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Maida
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna ‘Kore’, 94100 Enna, Italy;
| | - Dushyant Singh Dahiya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Motility, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Yash R. Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State University, Pontiac, MI 48341, USA
| | - Angad Tiwari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi 284001, India;
| | - Harishankar Gopakumar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (H.G.); (I.V.)
| | - Ishaan Vohra
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (H.G.); (I.V.)
| | - Aqsa Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN 46805, USA;
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, KS 64110, USA;
| | - Daryl Ramai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Foggia University Hospital, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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10
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Wijnands AM, Penning de Vries BBL, Lutgens MWMD, Bakhshi Z, Al Bakir I, Beaugerie L, Bernstein CN, Chang-Ho Choi R, Coelho-Prabhu N, Graham TA, Hart AL, Ten Hove JR, Itzkowitz SH, Kirchgesner J, Mooiweer E, Shaffer SR, Shah SC, Elias SG, Oldenburg B. Dynamic Prediction of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:1697-1708. [PMID: 38431223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Colonoscopic surveillance is recommended in patients with colonic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) given their increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to develop and validate a dynamic prediction model for the occurrence of advanced colorectal neoplasia (aCRN, including high-grade dysplasia and CRC) in IBD. METHODS We pooled data from 6 existing cohort studies from Canada, The Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Patients with IBD and an indication for CRC surveillance were included if they underwent at least 1 follow-up procedure. Exclusion criteria included prior aCRN, prior colectomy, or an unclear indication for surveillance. Predictor variables were selected based on the literature. A dynamic prediction model was developed using a landmarking approach based on Cox proportional hazard modeling. Model performance was assessed with Harrell's concordance-statistic (discrimination) and by calibration curves. Generalizability across surveillance cohorts was evaluated by internal-external cross-validation. RESULTS The surveillance cohorts comprised 3731 patients, enrolled and followed-up in the time period from 1973 to 2021, with a median follow-up period of 5.7 years (26,336 patient-years of follow-up evaluation); 146 individuals were diagnosed with aCRN. The model contained 8 predictors, with a cross-validation median concordance statistic of 0.74 and 0.75 for a 5- and 10-year prediction window, respectively. Calibration plots showed good calibration. Internal-external cross-validation results showed medium discrimination and reasonable to good calibration. CONCLUSIONS The new prediction model showed good discrimination and calibration, however, generalizability results varied. Future research should focus on formal external validation and relate predicted aCRN risks to surveillance intervals before clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk M Wijnands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas B L Penning de Vries
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Economics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice W M D Lutgens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Zeinab Bakhshi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ibrahim Al Bakir
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Beaugerie
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Center, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ryan Chang-Ho Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Trevor A Graham
- Evolution and Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Genomics and Evolutionary Dynamics Laboratory, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ailsa L Hart
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, St Mark's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joren R Ten Hove
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Steven H Itzkowitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Julien Kirchgesner
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Erik Mooiweer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital St Jansdal, Harderwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Seth R Shaffer
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Center, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shailja C Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California
| | - Sjoerd G Elias
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Economics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Oldenburg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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11
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Maeda T, Connolly M, Thevenet-Morrison K, Levy P, Utell M, Munsiff S, Croft D. Tuberculosis screening for patients on biologic Medications: A Single-Center experience and Society guideline Review, Monroe County, New York, 2018-2021. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 2024; 36:100460. [PMID: 39021381 PMCID: PMC11254483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale Biologic medications for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases may increase the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation, but data on screening for TB in low TB prevalence areas are limited. Objective To assess the real-world practice patterns of TB screening among prescribers of biologic medications. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study at a single, university-based healthcare facility in a low TB prevalence area. We enrolled adult patients prescribed a biologic medication between October 2018 and December 2021, and collected data on demographics, biologic medications and TB test results. For patients with positive TB tests, further data including prescriber specialty and response to positive tests were obtained. We reviewed pertinent major society guidelines/ consensus statements regarding TB screening among patients treated with biologic medications. Results 4,085 patients were included. 3024 (74.0%) had at least one screening TB test and 42 were positive. Among patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitors, 1779 of 2129 patients (83.6%) underwent TB testing and 25 (1.4%) were positive. Most with positive TB test results were prescribed biologic medication by gastroenterology (11 patients, 26%), dermatology (12, 29%), or rheumatology (15, 36%) providers. 32 (76%) patients had imaging and roughly half were treated for latent TB infection. Biologic medications were temporarily held for 27 patients (67%). Nine out of 13 society guidelines recommend TB screening for TNFα inhibitors but have differing recommendations for other biologic medications. Conclusions Significant practice pattern differences in TB screening for patients receiving biologic medications exist. Multiple society guidelines continue to recommend TB screening even for drugs with no known increased risk of TB reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Maeda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Margaret Connolly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Kelly Thevenet-Morrison
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Paul Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Mark Utell
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Sonal Munsiff
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Daniel Croft
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
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12
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Luo X, Wang J, Tan C, Dou Q, Han Z, Wang Z, Tasnim F, Wang X, Zhan Q, Li X, Zhou Q, Cheng J, Liao F, Yip HC, Jiang J, Tan RT, Liu S, Yu H. Rapid Endoscopic Diagnosis of Benign Ulcerative Colorectal Diseases With an Artificial Intelligence Contextual Framework. Gastroenterology 2024; 167:591-603.e9. [PMID: 38583724 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Benign ulcerative colorectal diseases (UCDs) such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, ischemic colitis, and intestinal tuberculosis share similar phenotypes with different etiologies and treatment strategies. To accurately diagnose closely related diseases like UCDs, we hypothesize that contextual learning is critical in enhancing the ability of the artificial intelligence models to differentiate the subtle differences in lesions amidst the vastly divergent spatial contexts. METHODS White-light colonoscopy datasets of patients with confirmed UCDs and healthy controls were retrospectively collected. We developed a Multiclass Contextual Classification (MCC) model that can differentiate among the mentioned UCDs and healthy controls by incorporating the tissue object contexts surrounding the individual lesion region in a scene and spatial information from other endoscopic frames (video-level) into a unified framework. Internal and external datasets were used to validate the model's performance. RESULTS Training datasets included 762 patients, and the internal and external testing cohorts included 257 patients and 293 patients, respectively. Our MCC model provided a rapid reference diagnosis on internal test sets with a high averaged area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (image-level: 0.950 and video-level: 0.973) and balanced accuracy (image-level: 76.1% and video-level: 80.8%), which was superior to junior endoscopists (accuracy: 71.8%, P < .0001) and similar to experts (accuracy: 79.7%, P = .732). The MCC model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.988 and balanced accuracy of 85.8% using external testing datasets. CONCLUSIONS These results enable this model to fit in the routine endoscopic workflow, and the contextual framework to be adopted for diagnosing other closely related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore
| | - Chuanchuan Tan
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Dou
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zelong Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenjiang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Farah Tasnim
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore
| | - Xiyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Digestive Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qunyan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianbin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Fabiao Liao
- Digestive Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hon Chi Yip
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal and Metabolic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jiayi Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Robby T Tan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hanry Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore; CAMP, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore; Department of Physiology, The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.
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Smith RA, Desai A, Barnes EL, Hayney M, Kochhar GS, Hashash JG, Farraye FA, Caldera F. Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are at Increased Risk of Hospitalization Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Am J Gastroenterol 2024; 119:1545-1554. [PMID: 38318981 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of developing respiratory infections. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus with adverse outcomes in older adults. This study aimed to determine whether patients with IBD are at increased risk of a serious infection due to RSV. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study using the multi-institutional research network TriNetX to assess the risk of hospitalization in a cohort of patients with IBD compared with that in a non-IBD control cohort with RSV infection from January 1, 2007, to February 27, 2023. One-to-one (1:1) propensity score matching was performed for demographic variables and RSV risk factors between the 2 cohorts. Risk was expressed as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS There were 794 patients in the IBD-RSV cohort and 93,074 patients in the non-IBD-RSV cohort. The mean age of the IBD-RSV cohort was 55.6 ± 20 years, 59% were female, 80% were White, and 56.9% had Crohn's disease. The IBD-RSV cohort was at an increased risk of hospitalization (aOR 1.30, 95% CI 1.06-1.59). There was no difference in the risk (aOR 0.83, 95% CI 0.58-1.19) of a composite outcome of hospitalization-related complications between the 2 cohorts. Recent systemic corticosteroid use (<3 months) was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization (aOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.30-2.59) in the IBD-RSV cohort. DISCUSSION We found that adult patients with IBD and RSV infection are at an increased risk of hospitalization and may benefit from the new RSV vaccine recommended for adults aged 60 years and older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Aakash Desai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward L Barnes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary Hayney
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gursimran S Kochhar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jana G Hashash
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Freddy Caldera
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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14
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Singh AD, Desai A, Dziegielewski C, Kochhar GS. Endoscopic approaches to the management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: A state-of-the-art narrative review. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024:10.1007/s12664-024-01621-2. [PMID: 39060902 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-024-01621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk of developing colitis-associated neoplasia (CAN), including colorectal cancer (CRC), through the inflammation-dysplasia-neoplasia pathway. Dysplasia is the most reliable, early and actionable marker for CAN in these patients. While such lesions are frequently encountered, adequate management depends on an accurate assessment, complete resection and close surveillance. With recent advances in endoscopic technologies and research in the field of CAN, the management of dysplastic lesions has significantly improved. The American Gastroenterology Association and Surveillance for Colorectal Endoscopic Neoplasia Detection (SCENIC) provide a guideline framework for approaching dysplastic lesions in patients with IBD. However, there are significant gaps in these recommendations and real-world clinical practice. Accurate lesion assessment remains pivotal for adequate management of CAN. Artificial intelligence-guided modalities are now increasingly being used to aid the detection of these lesions further. As the lesion detection technologies are improving, our armamentarium of resection techniques is also expanding and includes hot or cold polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic sub-mucosal dissection and full-thickness resection. With the broadened scope of endoscopic resection, the recommendations regarding surveillance after resection has also changed. Certain patient populations such as those with invisible dysplasia or with prior colectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis need special consideration. In the present review, we aim to provide a state-of-the-art summary of the current practice of endoscopic detection, resection and surveillance of dysplasia in patients with IBD and provide some perspective on the future directions based on the latest research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achintya D Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aakash Desai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Gursimran S Kochhar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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15
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Yang Y. Update of gut gas metabolism in ulcerative colitis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39031456 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2024.2383635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory disease of the intestine. The intestinal microbiota is essential in the occurrence and development of UC. Gut gases are produced via bacterial fermentation or chemical interactions, which can reveal altered intestinal microbiota, abnormal cellular metabolism, and inflammation responses. Recent studies have demonstrated that UC patients have an altered gut gas metabolism. AREAS COVERED In this review, we integrate gut gas metabolism advances in UC and discuss intestinal gases' clinical values as new biomarkers or therapeutic targets for UC, providing the foundation for further research. Literature regarding gut gas metabolism and its significance in UC from inception to October 2023 was searched on the MEDLINE database and references from relevant articles were investigated. EXPERT OPINION Depending on their type, concentration, and volume, gut gases can induce or alleviate clinical symptoms and regulate intestinal motility, inflammatory responses, immune function, and oxidative stress, significantly impacting UC. Gut gases may function as new biomarkers and provide potential diagnostic or therapeutic targets for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhang
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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2023 Chinese national clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1642-1646. [PMID: 38955435 PMCID: PMC11268805 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
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17
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Wan J, Shen J, Zhong J, Ge W, Miao Y, Zhang X, Wen Z, Wang Y, Liang J, Wu K. Natural course of ulcerative colitis in China: Differences from the West? United European Gastroenterol J 2024. [PMID: 39031457 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Whether the natural course of ulcerative colitis (UC) in mainland China is similar or different from that in Western countries is unknown, and data on it is limited. We aimed to provide a comprehensive description of the natural course of UC in China and compare it with Western UC patients. METHODS Based on a prospective Chinese nationwide registry of consecutive patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, the medical treatments and natural history of UC were described in detail, including disease extension, surgery, and neoplasia. The Cox regression model was used to identify factors associated with poor outcomes. RESULTS A total of 1081 UC patients were included with a median follow-up duration of 5.3 years. The overall cumulative exposure was 99.1% to 5-aminosalicylic acids, 52.1% to corticosteroids, 25.6% to immunomodulators, and 15.4% to biologics. Disease extent at diagnosis was proctitis in 26.9%, left-sided colitis in 34.8%, and extensive colitis in 38.3%. Of 667 patients with proctitis and left-sided colitis, 380 (57.0%) experienced disease extent progression. A total of 58 (5.4%) UC patients underwent colectomy, demonstrating cumulative proportions of surgery at 1, 5, and 10 years after diagnosis of 0.6%, 3.4%, and 8.2%, respectively. In addition, 23 (2.1%) UC patients were diagnosed with neoplasia, demonstrating cumulative proportions of neoplasia at 1, 5, and 10 years after diagnosis of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 3.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Chinese UC patients had similar cumulative proportions of exposure to IBD-specific treatments but a lower surgical rate than patients in Western countries, indicating a different natural course, and close monitoring needs for UC in China. However, these results must be confirmed in population-based studies because the hospital-based cohort in our study might lead to selection bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wensong Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinglei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Zhonghui Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Erdem I, Aktas S, Ogut S. Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone Ameliorates Experimental Colitis via Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidative, and Antiapoptosis Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15715-15724. [PMID: 38961631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC) is a citrus-originated, seminatural sweetener. There is no investigation concerning the effect of NHDC on ulcerative colitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic and protective effects of NHDC in Wistar Albino rats. NHDC was given for 7 days after or before colitis induction. The results showed that NHDC significantly reduced the interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels. Catalase levels did not show a significant difference between the groups. NHDC provided a remarkable decrease in the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were significantly elevated in NHDC treatment groups, while total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were significantly decreased. NHDC provided remarkable improvement in histological symptoms such as epithelial erosion, edema, mucosal necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hemorrhage. Also, caspase-3 expression levels were statistically decreased in NHDC treatment groups. The results indicated that NHDC might be a protection or alternative treatment for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilayda Erdem
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
| | - Serdar Aktas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
| | - Serdal Ogut
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
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19
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Zhu J, Wu Y, Ge X, Chen X, Mei Q. Discovery and Validation of Ferroptosis-Associated Genes of Ulcerative Colitis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4467-4482. [PMID: 39006497 PMCID: PMC11246036 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s463042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-lasting idiopathic condition, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. Meanwhile, evidence has demonstrated that ferroptosis seems to interlock with the progress of UC. This research sought to identify hub genes of UC related to ferroptosis. Methods First, the relevant profiles for this article were obtained from GEO database. From the FerrDb, 479 genes linked to ferroptosis were retrieved. Using analysis of the difference and WGCNA on colonic samples from GSE73661, the remaining six hub genes linked to ferroptosis and UC were discovered. Through logistic regression analyses, the diagnostic model was constructed and was then evaluated by external validation using dataset GSE92415. Afterwards, the correlation between immune cell filtration in UC and hub genes was examined. Finally, a mice model of colitis was established, and the results were verified using qRT-PCR. Results We acquired six hub genes linked to ferroptosis and UC. In order to create a diagnostic model for UC, we used logistic regression analysis to screen three of the six ferroptosis related genes (HIF1A, SLC7A11, and LPIN1). The ROC curve showed that the three hub genes had outstanding potential for disease diagnosis (AUC = 0.976), which was subsequently validated in samples from GSE92415 (AUC = 0.962) and blood samples from GSE3365 (AUC = 0.847) and GSE94648 (AUC = 0.769). These genes might be crucial for UC immunity based upon the results on the immune system. Furthermore, mouse samples examined using qRT-PCR also verified our findings. Conclusion In conclusion, the findings have important implications for ferroptosis and UC, and these hub genes may also offer fresh perspectives on the aetiology and therapeutic approaches of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Anhui Province, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Anhui Province, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Anhui Province, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Anhui Province, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Anhui Province, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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20
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Kochhar GS, Khataniar H, Jairath V, Farraye FA, Desai A. Comparative Effectiveness of Upadacitinib and Tofacitinib in Ulcerative Colitis: A US Propensity-Matched Cohort Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2024:00000434-990000000-01234. [PMID: 38976357 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are limited real-world data comparing the effectiveness of upadacitinib and tofacitinib in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX, a multi-institutional database, to compare the effectiveness of upadacitinib and tofacitinib in patients with UC. The primary aim was to assess the risk of a composite outcome of hospitalization requiring intravenous steroids and/or colectomy within 6 and 12 months. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed for demographics, comorbid conditions, mean hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, albumin, and calprotectin, and prior UC medications including recent oral or intravenous steroid use between the cohorts. Risk was expressed as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS There were 526 patients in the upadacitinib cohort (mean age 40.4 ± 16.3, 44.8% female sex, 76.6% White race) and 1,149 patients in the tofacitinib cohort (mean age 42 ± 17.1, 41.9% female sex, 76% White race). After propensity score matching, there was no significant difference in the risk of the composite outcome of need for intravenous steroids and/or colectomy within 6 months (aOR 0.75, 95% CI 0.49-1.09). However, there was a lower risk of the composite outcome (aOR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44-0.89) in the upadacitinib cohort compared with the tofacitinib cohort within 12 months. There was no difference in the risk of intravenous steroid use (aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.48-1.02) but lower risk of colectomy (aOR 0.46, 95% CI 0.27-0.79). In sensitivity analysis, there was also a lower risk of the composite outcome (aOR 0.64, 95% CI 0.44-0.94), including lower risk of intravenous steroid use (aOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45-0.99) and colectomy (aOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26-0.92) in the upadacitinib cohort compared with the tofacitinib cohort within 12 months. DISCUSSION This study utilizing real-world data showed that upadacitinib was associated with improved disease-specific outcomes at 12 months compared with tofacitinib in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursimran S Kochhar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Himsikhar Khataniar
- Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vipul Jairath
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Aakash Desai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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21
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Gao L, Fang K, Dong X, Bai J, Liu K, Wang Y, Wang M, Han Y, Liu Z. Additional Yield of Random Biopsy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00556-1. [PMID: 38972436 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited clinical data regarding the additional yields of random biopsies (RBs) during colorectal cancer surveillance in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. To assess the additional yield of RB, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies investigating the preferred colonoscopy surveillance approach for inflammatory bowel disease patients. The additional yield, detection rate, procedure time, and withdrawal time were pooled. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies (48 arms) were included in the meta-analysis with 9051 patients. The additional yields of RB were 10.34% in per-patient analysis and 16.20% in per-lesion analysis. The detection rates were 1.31% and 2.82% in per-patient and per-lesion analysis, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed a decline in additional yields from 14.43% to 0.42% in the per-patient analysis and from 19.20% to 5.32% in the per-lesion analysis for studies initiated before and after 2011. In per-patient analysis, the additional yields were 4.83%, 10.29%, and 56.05% for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) proportions of 0% to 10%, 10% to 30%, and 100%, respectively. The corresponding detection rates were 0.56%, 1.40%, and 19.45%. In the per-lesion analysis, additional yields were 11.23%, 21.06%, and 45.22% for PSC proportions of 0% to 10%, 10% to 30%, and 100%, respectively. The corresponding detection rates were 2.09%, 3.58%, and 16.24%. CONCLUSIONS The additional yields of RB were 10.34% and 16.20% for per-patient and per-lesion analyses, respectively. Considering the decreased additional yields in studies initiated after 2011, and the influence of PSC, endoscopy centers lacking full high-definition equipment should consider incorporating RB in the standard colonoscopy surveillance for inflammatory bowel disease patients, especially in those with PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Fang
- Department of Health Service, Base of Health Service, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Jiawei Bai
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China; School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Han
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China.
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China.
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22
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Stodtmann S, Chen MJ, Ponce-Bobadilla AV, Finney-Hayward TK, Kalabic J, Mostafa NM. SERENE ER Analysis Part 2 SERENE-UC: Exposure-response Analysis of Higher Versus Standard Adalimumab Dosing Regimens for Patients with Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2024. [PMID: 38953600 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
SERENE UC (NCT02065622) evaluated whether a higher adalimumab induction regimen improved patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) response, but a flat dose-response relationship was found in the induction study. We investigated exposure-response (ER) relationships in induction and maintenance studies considering patients' baseline characteristics. Adalimumab exposures were simulated using the established population pharmacokinetic model. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the efficacy endpoints (clinical remission, endoscopic remission, endoscopic improvement) at weeks 8 and 52. In the induction study, an increasing ER trend with heterogeneity between induction regimens was shown, suggesting average concentration (Cavg) had a significant impact on primary efficacy endpoints within each group. However, data were not described by a single ER curve. Using inverse effective clearance as the exposure metric described trends across induction regimens with a single curve. Patients with inherently lower effective adalimumab clearance responded better. The patient response rates at week 52 showed no heterogeneity. A short-term increase in adalimumab dose did not drive better responses for induction, and apparent ER relationships were better explained by patient-inherent lower clearance. Conversely, during maintenance up to week 52, increasing the concentration via dose translated to better responses more robustly. The ER findings for SERENE UC were consistent with SERENE CD.
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23
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Horio R, Kato J, Ohta Y, Taida T, Saito K, Iwasaki M, Ozeki Y, Koshibu Y, Shu N, Furuya M, Oyama Y, Nakazawa H, Mamiya Y, Goto C, Takahashi S, Kurosugi A, Sonoda M, Kaneko T, Akizue N, Okimoto K, Matsumura T, Kato N. Risk factors for clinical relapse in patients with ulcerative colitis who are in clinical remission but with endoscopic activity. JGH Open 2024; 8:e70011. [PMID: 39055236 PMCID: PMC11269208 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.70011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aim The treatment strategy for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical remission who have not achieved mucosal healing is unclear. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of relapse in patients in clinical remission with endoscopic activity. Methods This retrospective, single-center study included patients with UC who underwent colonoscopy (CS) and were in clinical remission with endoscopic activity. Characteristics were compared between patients who relapsed within 2 years after CS and those who did not. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify risk factors contributing to clinical relapse. Recent worsening in bowel symptoms was defined as increase in bowel frequency and/or increase in abdominal pain within approximately 1 month based on the descriptions in the medical charts. Results This study regarded 142 patients in clinical remission with an endoscopic activity of Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) of ≥1 as eligible, and 33 (23%) patients relapsed during the observation period. Recent worsening of bowel symptoms was a significant risk factor for clinical relapse (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34-6.84). This was particularly evident in patients with MES of 2 (HR: 5.16, 95% CI: 1.48-18.04), whereas no risk factors were identified in patients with MES of 1. The presence or absence of therapeutic intervention just after CS did not significantly affect clinical relapse. Conclusion Recent worsening in bowel symptoms was a significant risk factor for clinical relapse in patients with UC who were in clinical remission with endoscopic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Horio
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Jun Kato
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Yuki Ohta
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Takashi Taida
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Keiko Saito
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Miyuki Iwasaki
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Yusuke Ozeki
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Yushi Koshibu
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Nobuaki Shu
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Makoto Furuya
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Yuhei Oyama
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Hayato Nakazawa
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Yukiyo Mamiya
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Chihiro Goto
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Satsuki Takahashi
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Akane Kurosugi
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Michiko Sonoda
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Tatsuya Kaneko
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Naoki Akizue
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Kenichiro Okimoto
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Tomoaki Matsumura
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of GastroenterologyGraduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
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24
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Chen Y, Lin S, Wang L, Zhang Y, Chen H, Fu Z, Zhang M, Luo H, Liu J. Reinforcement of the intestinal mucosal barrier via mucus-penetrating PEGylated bacteria. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:823-841. [PMID: 38839928 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The breakdown of the gut's mucosal barrier that prevents the infiltration of microorganisms, inflammatory cytokines and toxins into bodily tissues can lead to inflammatory bowel disease and to metabolic and autoimmune diseases. Here we show that the intestinal mucosal barrier can be reinforced via the oral administration of commensal bacteria coated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to facilitate their penetration into mucus. In mice with intestinal homoeostatic imbalance, mucus-penetrating PEGylated bacteria preferentially localized in mucus at the lower gastrointestinal tract, inhibited the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, maintained homoeostasis of the gut microbiota, stimulated the secretion of mucus and the expression of tight junctions, and prevented the mice from developing colitis and diabetes. Orally delivered PEGylated bacteria may help prevent and treat gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huilong Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Schreiber S, Hunter Gibble T, Panaccione R, Rubin DT, Travis S, Hibi T, Potts Bleakman A, Panni T, Favia AD, Kayhan C, Atkinson C, Saxena S, Dubinsky MC. Patient and Health Care Professional Perceptions of the Experience and Impact of Symptoms of Moderate-to-Severe Crohn's Disease in US and Europe: Results from the Cross-Sectional CONFIDE Study. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:2333-2344. [PMID: 38700629 PMCID: PMC11258049 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) significantly affects patients' health-related quality of life and well-being. AIMS Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) survey explores the experience and impact of moderate-to-severe CD symptoms on patients' lives and identifies communication gaps between patients and health care professionals (HCPs). METHODS Online, quantitative, cross-sectional surveys of patients, and HCPs were conducted in the United States (US), Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom), and Japan. Criteria based on previous treatment, steroid use, and/or hospitalization defined moderate-to-severe CD. US and Europe data are presented as descriptive statistics. RESULTS Surveys were completed by 215 US and 547 European patients and 200 US and 503 European HCPs. In both patient groups, top three symptoms currently (past month) experienced were diarrhea, bowel urgency, and increased stool frequency, with more than one-third patients wearing diaper/pad/protection at least once a week in past 3 months due to fear of bowel urgency-related accidents. HCPs ranked diarrhea, blood in stool, and increased stool frequency as the most common symptoms. Although 34.0% US and 27.2% European HCPs ranked bowel urgency among the top five symptoms affecting patient lives, only 12.0% US and 10.9% European HCPs ranked it among top three most impactful symptoms on treatment decisions. CONCLUSION Bowel urgency is common and impactful among patients with CD in the US and Europe. Differences in patient and HCP perceptions of experiences and impacts of bowel urgency exist, with HCPs underestimating its burden. Proactive communication between HCPs and patients in clinical settings is crucial for improving health outcomes in patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schreiber
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Keil University, Kiel, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cem Kayhan
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA
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Yen HH, Wu JF, Wang HY, Chang TA, Chang CH, Chang CW, Chao TH, Chou JW, Chou YH, Chuang CH, Hsu WH, Hsu TC, Huang TY, Hung TI, Le PH, Lin CC, Lin CC, Lin CP, Lin JK, Lin WC, Ni YH, Shieh MJ, Shih IL, Shun CT, Tsai TJ, Wang CY, Weng MT, Wong JM, Wu DC, Wei SC. Management of ulcerative colitis in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease updated in 2023. Intest Res 2024; 22:213-249. [PMID: 39099217 PMCID: PMC11309818 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2023.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by alternating periods of inflammation and remission. Although UC incidence is lower in Taiwan than in Western countries, its impact remains considerable, demanding updated guidelines for addressing local healthcare challenges and patient needs. The revised guidelines employ international standards and recent research, emphasizing practical implementation within the Taiwanese healthcare system. Since the inception of the guidelines in 2017, the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease has acknowledged the need for ongoing revisions to incorporate emerging therapeutic options and evolving disease management practices. This updated guideline aims to align UC management with local contexts, ensuring comprehensive and context-specific recommendations, thereby raising the standard of care for UC patients in Taiwan. By adapting and optimizing international protocols for local relevance, these efforts seek to enhance health outcomes for patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Heng Yen
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Feng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yuan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-An Chang
- Department of Pathology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai-Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsin Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wang Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hsin Chao
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chiayi and Wangiao Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Chou
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yenn-Hwei Chou
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Hsiung Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Hsu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hung
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Puo-Hsien Le
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Microbiota Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Lin
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Pin Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kou Lin
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jium Shieh
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Lun Shih
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Good Liver Clinic, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Jiun Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Tzu Weng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Min Wong
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Gangshan Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Rimondi A, Gottlieb K, Despott EJ, Iacucci M, Murino A, Tontini GE. Can artificial intelligence replace endoscopists when assessing mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis? A systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:1164-1172. [PMID: 38057218 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Mucosal healing (MH) in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is an important landmark for clinical decision making. Artificial intelligence systems (AI) that automatically deliver the grade of endoscopic inflammation may solve moderate interobserver agreement and the need of central reading in clinical trials. METHODS We performed a systematic review of EMBASE and MEDLINE databases up to 01/12/2022 following PRISMA and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodologies to answer the following question: "Can AI replace endoscopists when assessing MH in IBD?". The research was restricted to ulcerative colitis (UC), and a diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) meta-analysis was performed. Risk of bias was evaluated with QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS A total of 21 / 739 records were selected for full text evaluation, and 12 were included in the meta-analysis. Deep learning algorithms based on convolutional neural networks architecture achieved a satisfactory performance in evaluating MH on UC, with sensitivity, specificity, DOR and SROC of respectively 0.91(CI95 %:0.86-0.95);0.89(CI95 %:0.84-0.93);92.42(CI95 %:54.22-157.53) and 0.957 when evaluating fixed images (n = 8) and 0.86(CI95 %:0.75-0.93);0.91(CI95 %:0.87-0.94);70.86(CI95 %:24.63-203.86) and 0.941 when evaluating videos (n = 6). Moderate-high levels of heterogeneity were noted, limiting the quality of the evidence. CONCLUSIONS AI systems showed high potential in detecting MH in UC with optimal diagnostic performance, although moderate-high heterogeneity of the data was noted. Standardised and shared AI training may reduce heterogeneity between systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rimondi
- Royal Free Unit for Endoscopy, The Royal Free Hospital and University College London Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Hampstead, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Edward J Despott
- Royal Free Unit for Endoscopy, The Royal Free Hospital and University College London Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Hampstead, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marietta Iacucci
- APC Microbiome Ireland, College of Medicine and Health, University College of Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alberto Murino
- Royal Free Unit for Endoscopy, The Royal Free Hospital and University College London Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Hampstead, London, United Kingdom; Department of Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gian Eugenio Tontini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy unit, Milan, Italy
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28
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Ou H, Ye X, Huang H, Cheng H. Constructing a screening model to obtain the functional herbs for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis based on herb-compound-target network and immuno-infiltration analysis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4693-4711. [PMID: 38117365 PMCID: PMC11166790 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of most traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) on ulcerative colitis is unclear, The objective of this study was to develop a core herbal screening model aimed at facilitating the transition from active ulcerative colitis (UC) to inactive. We obtained the gene expression dataset GSE75214 for UC from the GEO database and analysed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between active and inactive groups. Gene modules associated with the active group were screened using WGCNA, and immune-related genes (IRGs) were obtained from the ImmPort database. The TCMSP database was utilized to acquire the herb-molecule-target network and identify the herb-related targets (HRT). We performed intersection operations on HRTs, DEGs, IRGs, and module genes to identify candidate genes and conducted enrichment analyses. Subsequently, three machine learning algorithms (SVM-REF analysis, Random Forest analysis, and LASSO regression analysis) were employed to refine the hubgene from the candidate genes. Based on the hub genes identified in this study, we conducted compound and herb matching and further screened herbs related to abdominal pain and blood in stool using the Symmap database.Besides, the stability between molecules and targets were assessed using molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation methods. An intersection operation was performed on HRT, DEGs, IRGs, and module genes, leading to the identification of 23 candidate genes. Utilizing three algorithms (RandomForest, SVM-REF, and LASSO) for analyzing the candidate genes and identifying the intersection, we identified five core targets (CXCL2, DUOX2, LYZ, MMP9, and AGT) and 243 associated herbs. Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim. (Huangqi), Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (Kushen), Cotyledon Fimbriata Turcz. (Wasong), and Granati Pericarpium (Shiliupi) were found to be capable of relieving abdominal pain and hematochezia during active UC. Molecular docking demonstrated that the compounds of the four aforementioned herbs showed positive docking activity with their core targets. The results of molecular dynamic simulations indicated that well-docked active molecules had a more stable structure when bound to their target complexes. The study has shed light on the potential of TCMs in treating active UC from an immunomodulatory perspective, consequently, 5 core targets and 4 key herbs has been identified. These findings can provide a theoretical basis for subsequent management and treatment of active UC with TCM, as well as offer original ideas for further research and development of innovative drugs for alleviating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiya Ou
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ye
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongshu Huang
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Honghui Cheng
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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Chen Y, Li X, Sun R, Yang F, Tian W, Huang Q. Screening and experimental validation of diagnostic gene in ulcerative colitis with anti-TNF-α therapy. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:451-463. [PMID: 38269750 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In clinical practice, the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) mainly relies on a comprehensive analysis of a series of signs and symptoms of patients. The current biomarkers for diagnosis of UC and prognostic prediction of anti-TNF-α therapy are inaccurate. The present study aimed to perform an integrative analysis of gene expression profiles in patients with UC. A total of seven datasets from the GEO database that met our strict inclusion criteria were included. After identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between UC patients and healthy individuals, the diagnostic and prognostic utility of the DEGs were then analyzed via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and support-vector machine recursive feature elimination. Subgroup analyses of the treated and untreated groups, as well as the treatment-response group and non-response group, were also performed. Furthermore, the relationship between the expressions of UC-related genes and infiltration of immune cells in the course of treatment was also investigated. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assay was used to verify the gene expression in inflamed UC tissues. When considering all the applied methods, DUOX2, PI3, S100P, MMP7, and S100A8 had priority to be defined as the characteristic genes among DEGs. The area under curve (AUC) of the five genes, which were all consistently over-expressed, based on an external validation dataset, were all above 0.94 for UC diagnosis. Four of the five genes (DUOX2, PI3, MMP7, and S100A8) were down-regulated between treatment-responsive and nonresponsive patients. A significant difference was also observed concerning the infiltration of immune cells, including macrophage and neutrophil, between the two groups (treatment responsive and nonresponsive). The changes in the expression of DUOX2 and MMP7 based on the IHC assay were highly consistent with the results obtained in the current study. This confirmed the mild to moderate diagnostic and predictive value of DUOX2 and MMP7 in patients with UC. The conducted analyses showed that the expression profile of the five identified biomarkers accurately detects UC, whereas four of the five genes evidently predicted the response to anti-TNF-α therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfang Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Sun
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Tian
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Huang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Montrose JA, Kurada S, Fischer M. Current and future microbiome-based therapies in inflammatory bowel disease. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2024; 40:258-267. [PMID: 38841848 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000001027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of the microbiome and dysbiosis is increasingly recognized in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intestinal microbiota transplant (IMT), previously termed fecal microbiota transplant has demonstrated efficacy in restoring a healthy microbiome and promoting gut health in recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Several randomized trials (RCTs) highlighted IMT's potential in treating ulcerative colitis, while smaller studies reported on its application in managing Crohn's disease and pouchitis. RECENT FINDINGS This review delves into the current understanding of dysbiosis in IBD, highlighting the distinctions in the microbiota of patients with IBD compared to healthy controls. It explores the mechanisms by which IMT can restore a healthy microbiome and provides a focused analysis of recent RCTs using IMT for inducing and maintaining remission in IBD. Lastly, we discuss the current knowledge gaps that limit its widespread use. SUMMARY The body of evidence supporting the use of IMT in IBD is growing. The lack of a standardized protocol impedes its application beyond clinical trials. Further research is needed to identify patient profile and disease phenotypes that benefit from IMT, to delineate key donor characteristics, optimize the delivery route, dosage, and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satya Kurada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Monika Fischer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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31
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Fukuda T, Yamazaki H, Miyatani Y, Sawada T, Shibuya N, Fukuo Y, Kiyohara H, Morikubo H, Tominaga K, Kakimoto K, Imai T, Yaguchi K, Yamamoto S, Ando K, Nishimata N, Yoshihara T, Andoh A, Hibi T, Matsuoka K. Recent steroid use and the relapse risk in ulcerative colitis patients with endoscopic healing. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 60:43-51. [PMID: 38651779 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic healing (EH) is a therapeutic target in ulcerative colitis (UC). However, even patients who have achieved EH relapse frequently. AIMS To investigate the association between recent steroid use and relapse risk in UC patients with EH. METHODS This multi-centre cohort study included 1212 UC patients with confirmed EH (Mayo endoscopic subscore ≤1). We excluded patients with current systemic steroid use or history of advanced therapy. We divided patients into a recent steroid group (last systemic steroid use within 1 year; n = 59) and a non-recent or steroid-naïve group (n = 1153). We followed the patients for 2 years to evaluate relapse, defined as induction of systemic steroids or advanced therapy. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of relapse. RESULTS Relapse occurred in 28.8% of the recent steroid group and 5.6% of the non-recent/steroid-naïve group (multi-variable-adjusted OR 5.53 [95% CI 2.85-10.7]). The risk of relapse decreased with time since the last steroid use: 28.8% for less than 1 year after steroid therapy, 22.9% for 1 year, 16.0% for 2 years and 7.9% beyond 3 years, approaching 4.0% in steroid-naïve patients. (ptrend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Even for patients with UC who achieved EH, the risk of relapse remains high following recent steroid therapy. Physicians need to consider the duration since last steroid use to stratify the relapse risk in UC patients with EH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamazaki
- Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyatani
- Centre for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Sawada
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Shibuya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Fukuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kiyohara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Morikubo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tominaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kakimoto
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Imai
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Katsuki Yaguchi
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Yokohama City University Medical Centre, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shojiro Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Ando
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Nishimata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sameshima Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Andoh
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Hibi
- Centre for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsuoka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
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32
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Li Y, Ramírez-Suástegui C, Harris R, Castañeda-Castro FE, Ascui G, Pérez-Jeldres T, Diaz A, Morong C, Giles DA, Chai J, Seumois G, Sanchez-Elsner T, Cummings F, Kronenberg M, Vijayanand P. Stem-like T cells are associated with the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis in humans. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1231-1244. [PMID: 38898157 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
To understand the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), we analyzed colonic T cells isolated from patients with UC and controls. Here we identified colonic CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets with gene expression profiles resembling stem-like progenitors, previously reported in several mouse models of autoimmune disease. Stem-like T cells were increased in inflamed areas compared to non-inflamed regions from the same patients. Furthermore, TCR sequence analysis indicated stem-like T cells were clonally related to proinflammatory T cells, suggesting their involvement in sustaining effectors that drive inflammation. Using an adoptive transfer colitis model in mice, we demonstrated that CD4+ T cells deficient in either BCL-6 or TCF1, transcription factors that promote T cell stemness, had decreased colon T cells and diminished pathogenicity. Our results establish a strong association between stem-like T cell populations and UC pathogenesis, highlighting the potential of targeting this population to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcong Li
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Richard Harris
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Gabriel Ascui
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tamara Pérez-Jeldres
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Diaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Morong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel A Giles
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Lineage Therapeutics, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Jiani Chai
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Tilman Sanchez-Elsner
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Southampton NHS FT, Southampton, UK
| | - Fraser Cummings
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Southampton NHS FT, Southampton, UK
| | - Mitchell Kronenberg
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Pandurangan Vijayanand
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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Wang Y, Jia Y, Xu Q, Yang P, Sun L, Liu Y, Chang X, He Y, Shi M, Guo D, Zhang Y, Zhu Z. Association of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with the risk of neurological diseases: a large-scale Mendelian randomization study. J Hum Genet 2024:10.1038/s10038-024-01271-4. [PMID: 38951193 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Observational studies suggested increased risks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to assess the causality for the associations of CD and UC with the risks of AD, PD, and MS through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Independent single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CD (17,897 cases and 33,977 controls) and UC (13,768 cases and 33,977 controls) were identified as genetic instruments based on a European-descent genome-wide association study (GWAS) released by the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium. Summary statistics for AD (combined: 25,881 cases and 256,837 controls), PD (combined: 35,836 cases and 665,686 controls), and MS (combined: 48,477 cases and 285,515 controls) were obtained from the largest GWASs and FinnGen study of European ancestry, respectively. MR estimates were generated using the inverse-variance weighted method in the main analysis with a series of sensitivity analyses. MR analyses were conducted per outcome database and were subsequently meta-analyzed to generate combined estimates. Genetically predicted UC was significantly associated with increased risks of AD (combined: OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05; P = 1.80 × 10-3) and MS (combined: OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.23-1.53; P = 1.18 × 10-8), while there was no association between genetically predicted UC and the risk of PD. In contrast, no significant associations were observed for genetically predicted CD with AD, PD, and MS. MR-Egger regression showed no directional pleiotropy for the identified associations, and sensitivity analyses with different MR methods further confirmed these findings. This study suggested significant adverse effects of UC on AD and MS, highlighting that UC patients should receive early intervention with optimal adjunctive medical therapy to reduce the risks of AD and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yiming Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pinni Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daoxia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- School of Nursing, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengbao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Lendner N, Perry S, Sferra TJ, Moses J, Young DD. Standardizing steroid protocols for newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease patients: A quality improvement initiative. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 79:76-83. [PMID: 38769760 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic steroids can be used for induction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but are not recommended as long-term therapy. Steroid weaning requires rigorous monitoring of symptoms, which may be cumbersome and lead to missed opportunities. We aim to describe our local quality improvement (QI) initiative to improve and standardize the steroid weaning process. METHODS After identifying drivers of steroid weaning, a protocol was developed and implemented for newly diagnosed IBD patients started on steroids and subsequently initiated on anti-TNF-α therapy. Interventions included development of a tapering schedule, and standardizing communication with patients and evaluation of symptoms. The primary aim was to increase the percent of patients called on a weekly basis by 20%; secondary aims were to decrease the median steroid days by 25% and to increase the number of our patients weaned off steroids at 8 weeks from 35% to 75% by 1 year after the initiative. RESULTS The median percent of patients called on a weekly basis to assess clinical symptoms and to wean steroids increased to 80% after 1 year. The median number of systemic corticosteroid days decreased from 67.5 to 50.5 days post-protocol implementation with 61.1% patients weaned off by 8 weeks from discharge. Zero patients were admitted for flares with the protocol implementation. CONCLUSION Our experience illustrates that QI methodology can be used successfully to improve and standardize the steroid weaning process, leading to shortened steroid duration and without increased flares and hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuphar Lendner
- Pediatrix Gastroenterology of the Rocky Mountains, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Sharon Perry
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, UH Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas J Sferra
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, UH Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathan Moses
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Denise D Young
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, UH Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Murthy SK, Bernstein CN, Nguyen GC, Jairath V, Riddell R, Fergusson D. Interim Analysis of a Trial Evaluating the Utility of Non-Targeted Biopsies for Colorectal Neoplasia Detection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:1535-1538.e2. [PMID: 38122957 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Persons with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affecting the colorectum (cIBD) have a 1.5- to 2-fold higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) relative to age- and sex-matched members of the general population.1 Intensive surveillance colonoscopy is recommended in this population to detect and treat early neoplastic lesions before they evolve to incurable cancers.2 Some societies advocate for widespread non-targeted ("random") biopsies throughout the colorectum to screen for "invisible" neoplastic lesions, in addition to targeted biopsies and/or resection of visible lesions.2 Despite the theoretical value of non-targeted biopsies in this setting, there are no high-quality, controlled data to support this practice. In addition to adding significant time and costs to colonoscopy screening, extensive biopsy sampling may also increase the risk of colorectal bleeding and bowel perforation, particularly in elderly patients and those receiving anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapies. With the widespread adoption of disease-modifying biologic and small molecule therapies,3 mucosal healing as a treatment end point,4 high-definition endoscopes,5 and endoscopy quality standards,6 as well as reports of very low neoplasia yield for non-targeted biopsies (0.1%-0.2% of biopsies),7 many experts have started to question the value of non-targeted biopsies as an adjunct for neoplasia surveillance in persons with cIBD.8 However, a recent large French cohort study reported that non-targeted biopsies still identify up to 20% of all neoplastic foci in persons with cIBD,9 albeit primarily in individuals with other major CRC risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Murthy
- Department of Medicine and, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; The Ottawa Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Geoffrey C Nguyen
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vipul Jairath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Riddell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean Fergusson
- Department of Medicine and, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Łukawska A, Mulak A. A correlation of serum fibroblast growth factor 21 level with inflammatory markers and indicators of nutritional status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1394030. [PMID: 38983722 PMCID: PMC11231369 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1394030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a stress-inducible hormone that regulates nutrient and metabolic homeostasis. Inflammatory state is one of the stimulators of FGF21 secretion. The aim of the study was to assess correlations between serum FGF21 level and inflammatory markers as well as nutritional status indicators in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Fasting serum FGF21 level was measured using ELISA test in 105 IBD patients and 17 healthy controls. There were 31 subjects with active ulcerative colitis (UC), 16 with inactive UC, 36 with active Crohn's disease (CD), and 22 with inactive CD. Clinical and endoscopic activity of IBD was evaluated based on validated scales and indices. Fecal calprotectin, serum CRP, and selected parameters of nutritional status were tested in all patients. Results Serum FGF21 level was characterized by fluctuations depending on the IBD activity. FGF21 level was significantly higher in both active UC and CD compared to inactive phases of the diseases and to the controls. A correlation between FGF21 and fecal calprotectin levels was also found in UC and CD. Additionally, in CD, FGF21 level positively correlated with CRP level. In both UC and CD, a negative correlation was noted between FGF21 level and nutritional status parameters including cholesterol, protein, albumin levels, and BMI. Conclusion The intensity of intestinal inflammation is related to FGF21 level, which correlates negatively with nutritional status indicators in IBD. The disturbances in FGF21 secretion may contribute to the multifactorial pathogenesis of malnutrition and weight loss in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Łukawska
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Mulak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Lan T, Slezak T, Pu J, Zinkus-Boltz J, Adhikari S, Pekow JR, Taneja V, Zuniga J, Gómez-García IA, Regino-Zamarripa N, Ahmed M, Khader SA, Rubin DT, Kossiakoff AA, Dickinson BC. Development of Luminescent Biosensors for Calprotectin. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:1250-1259. [PMID: 38843544 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Calprotectin, a metal ion-binding protein complex, plays a crucial role in the innate immune system and has gained prominence as a biomarker for various intestinal and systemic inflammatory and infectious diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and tuberculosis (TB). Current clinical testing methods rely on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), limiting accessibility and convenience. In this study, we introduce the Fab-Enabled Split-luciferase Calprotectin Assay (FESCA), a novel quantitative method for calprotectin measurement. FESCA utilizes two new fragment antigen binding proteins (Fabs), CP16 and CP17, that bind to different epitopes of the calprotectin complex. These Fabs are fused with split NanoLuc luciferase fragments, enabling the reconstitution of active luciferase upon binding to calprotectin either in solution or in varied immobilized assay formats. FESCA's output luminescence can be measured with standard laboratory equipment as well as consumer-grade cell phone cameras. FESCA can detect physiologically relevant calprotectin levels across various sample types, including serum, plasma, and whole blood. Notably, FESCA can detect abnormally elevated native calprotectin from TB patients. In summary, FESCA presents a convenient, low-cost, and quantitative method for assessing calprotectin levels in various biological samples, with the potential to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory diseases, especially in at-home or point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Tomasz Slezak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jinyue Pu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Julia Zinkus-Boltz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Sarbani Adhikari
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Joel R Pekow
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Vibha Taneja
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Joaquin Zuniga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City 01389, Mexico
| | - Itzel A Gómez-García
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City 01389, Mexico
| | - Nora Regino-Zamarripa
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City 01389, Mexico
| | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - David T Rubin
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Anthony A Kossiakoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bryan C Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Li Y, Yan F, Xiang J, Wang W, Xie K, Luo L. Identification and experimental validation of immune-related gene PPARG is involved in ulcerative colitis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167300. [PMID: 38880160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC) is believed to be heavily influenced by immunology, which presents challenges for both diagnosis and treatment. The main aims of this study are to deepen our understanding of the immunological characteristics associated with the disease and to identify valuable biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. METHODS The UC datasets were sourced from the GEO database and were analyzed using unsupervised clustering to identify different subtypes of UC. Twelve machine learning algorithms and Deep learning model DNN were developed to identify potential UC biomarkers, with the LIME and SHAP methods used to explain the models' findings. PPI network is used to verify the identified key biomarkers, and then a network connecting super enhancers, transcription factors and genes is constructed. Single-cell sequencing technology was utilized to investigate the role of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG) in UC and its correlation with macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, alterations in PPARG expression were validated through Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULT By utilizing bioinformatics techniques, we were able to pinpoint PPARG as a key biomarker for UC. The expression of PPARG was significantly reduced in cell models, UC animal models, and colitis models induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Interestingly, overexpression of PPARG was able to restore intestinal barrier function in H2O2-induced IEC-6 cells. Additionally, immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) allowed for efficient classification of UC samples into neutrophil and mitochondrial metabolic subtypes. A diagnostic model incorporating the three disease-specific genes PPARG, PLA2G2A, and IDO1 demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing between the UC group and the control group. Furthermore, single-cell analysis revealed that decreased PPARG expression in colon tissue may contribute to the polarization of M1 macrophages through activation of inflammatory pathways. CONCLUSION In conclusion, PPARG, a gene related to immunity, has been established as a reliable potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of UC. The immune response it controls plays a key role in the progression and development of UC by enabling interaction between characteristic biomarkers and immune infiltrating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangfang Yan
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Xiang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Kangping Xie
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China.
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Leng Y, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Xia J, Zhang Y, Ma C, Liu K, Li H, Hong Y, Xie Z. Gallic acid attenuates murine ulcerative colitis by promoting group 3 innate lymphocytes, affecting gut microbiota, and bile acid metabolism. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109677. [PMID: 38844081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA), a plant phenol that is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, and exhibits a protective role against ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is an inflammatory disease characterized by immune response disorders. However, the role and mechanism of action of GA in gut immunity remain unknown. Here, we observed that GA treatment improved enteritis symptoms, decreased the concentrations of cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-23, increased the concentrations of cytokines IL-10, TGF-β and IL-22, and increased the proportion of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in mesenteric lymph nodes and lamina propria. However, GA did not upregulate ILC3 or impair UC in antibody-treated sterile mice. Notably, transplantation of fecal bacteria derived from GA-treated UC mice, instead of UC mice, increased ILC3 levels. Therefore, we analyzed the gut microbiota and related metabolites to elucidate the mechanism promoting ILC3. We determined that GA treatment altered the diversity of the gut microbiota and activated the bile acid (BA) metabolic pathway. We evaluated three BAs, namely, UDCA, isoalloLCA, and 3-oxoLCA that were significantly upregulated after GA treatment, improved UC symptoms, and elevated the proportion of ILC3 in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, these data indicate that GA attenuates UC by elevating ILC3 proportion, regulating the gut microbiota, and impacting BA metabolism. Additionally, we highlight the modulatory effects of BAs on ILC3 for the first time. Our findings provide novel insights into the multiple roles of GA in alleviating UC and provide a mechanistic explanation that supports the dietary nutrition in UC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Leng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxuan Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuefeng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chong Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanjun Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Lewis JD, Brensinger CM, Parlett LE, Hurtado-Lorenzo A, Kappelman MD. Provider Specialization in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Quality of Care and Outcomes. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00499-3. [PMID: 38844254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is complex and variation in care has been well-documented. However, the drivers of practice variation remain unexplored. We examined variation based on the treating gastroenterologist's IBD focus (proportion of outpatient visits for IBD). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort of newly diagnosed patients with IBD using data from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (2000-2020). The exposure variable was whether the treating gastroenterologist had an IBD focus (>90th percentile of IBD visits/total outpatient visits). We used adjusted regression models to evaluate associations between provider IBD focus and process measures (use of mesalamine, corticosteroid, biologic, and narcotic medications and endoscopic or radiographic imaging) and clinical outcomes (time to IBD-related hospitalization and bowel resection surgery). We tested for change in treatment patterns over time by including an interaction term for study era (2004-2012 vs 2013-2020). RESULTS The study included 772 children treated by 493 providers and 2864 adults treated by 2076 providers. In children, none of the associations between provider focus and process or outcome measures were significant. In adults, care from an IBD-focused provider was associated with more use of biologics, combination therapy, and imaging and endoscopy, and less mesalamine use for Crohn's disease (P < .05 for all comparisons) but not with other process measures. Biologics were prescribed more frequently and narcotics less frequently during the later era (P < .05 for both). Hospitalization and surgery rates were not associated with IBD focus or era. CONCLUSIONS IBD care for adults varies by provider specialization. Given the evolving complexity, novel methods may be needed to standardize care.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Lewis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Colleen M Brensinger
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Michael D Kappelman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Yarur AJ, Chiorean MV, Panés J, Jairath V, Zhang J, Rabbat CJ, Sandborn WJ, Vermeire S, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Achievement of Clinical, Endoscopic, and Histological Outcomes in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Etrasimod, and Association with Faecal Calprotectin and C-reactive Protein: Results From the Phase 2 OASIS Trial. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:885-894. [PMID: 38245818 PMCID: PMC11147797 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Etrasimod is an oral, once-daily, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)1,4,5 receptor modulator for the treatment of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis [UC]. This post-hoc analysis of the phase 2 OASIS trial [NCT02447302] evaluated its efficacy for endoscopic improvement-histologic remission [EIHR] and assessed correlation between faecal calprotectin [FCP] and C-reactive protein [CRP] levels with efficacy outcomes. METHODS In total, 156 adults with moderately to severely active UC received once-daily etrasimod (1 mg [n = 52]; 2 mg [n = 50]) or placebo [n = 54] for 12 weeks. Clinical, endoscopic, and histologic variables were evaluated at baseline and Week 12. EIHR was defined as achievement of endoscopic improvement [endoscopic subscore ≤ 1, without friability] and histologic remission [Geboes score < 2.0]. Outcomes included the relationships between FCP and CRP concentration and clinical, endoscopic, and histologic variables. RESULTS Achievement of EIHR was significantly higher in patients who received etrasimod 2 mg versus placebo [19.5% vs 4.1%; Mantel-Haenszel estimated difference, 15.4%; p = 0.010]. In the etrasimod 2 mg group, median FCP and CRP levels at Week 12 were significantly lower in patients who achieved clinical remission, endoscopic improvement, histologic remission, and EIHR versus patients who did not [all p < 0.05]. An FCP concentration cutoff of 250 µg/g achieved optimum sensitivity and specificity for efficacy, including EIHR [0.857 and 0.786, respectively; κ coefficient, 0.3584]. Higher proportions of patients with FCP ≤ 250 µg/g achieved efficacy outcomes at Week 12 versus patients with FCP > 250 µg/g. CONCLUSIONS Etrasimod was effective for inducing EIHR in patients with UC. FCP and CRP may be useful, noninvasive biomarkers to monitor treatment response. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV NUMBER NCT02447302.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julián Panés
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jinkun Zhang
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA, a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J Rabbat
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA, a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- INSERM, NGERE, University of Lorraine, F54000 Nancy, France
- Groupe Hospitalier Privé Ambroise Paré - Hartmann, Paris IBD Center, 92200 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
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Travis S, Potts Bleakman A, Dubinsky MC, Schreiber S, Panaccione R, Hibi T, Hunter Gibble T, Kayhan C, Atkinson C, Sapin C, Flynn EJ, Rubin DT. The Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) Study: US and European Patient and Health Care Professional Perceptions of the Experience and Impact of Symptoms of Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:939-949. [PMID: 37603837 PMCID: PMC11144997 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) study aimed to evaluate the experience and impact of ulcerative colitis (UC) symptoms on patients' lives and elucidate gaps in communication between patients and health care professionals (HCPs). METHODS Online, quantitative, cross-sectional surveys of patients with moderate-to-severe UC and HCPs responsible for making prescribing decisions were conducted in the United States (US) and Europe. UC disease severity was defined by treatment, steroid use, and/or hospitalization history. RESULTS Surveys were completed by 200 US and 556 European patients and 200 US and 503 European HCPs. The most common UC symptoms experienced in the preceding month were diarrhea, bowel urgency, and increased stool frequency. Many patients (45.0% of US patients, 37.0% of European patients) reported wearing diapers/pads/protection at least once a week in the past 3 months due to fear/anticipation of fecal urge incontinence. The top reasons for declining participation in social events, work/school, and sports/exercise were due to bowel urgency and fear of fecal urge incontinence. HCPs ranked diarrhea, blood in stool, and increased stool frequency as the most common symptoms. While over half HCPs ranked bowel urgency as a top symptom affecting patients' lives, less than a quarter ranked it in the top 3 most impactful on treatment decisions. CONCLUSIONS Similar disparities exist between patient and HCP perceptions in the United States and Europe on the experience and impact of UC symptoms. Bowel urgency has a substantial and similar impact on US and European patients, is underappreciated by HCPs, and should be addressed during routine appointments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Travis
- Kennedy Institute and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marla C Dubinsky
- Susan and Leonard Feinstein IBD Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
| | - Remo Panaccione
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Toshifumi Hibi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Cem Kayhan
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | | | - David T Rubin
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kuriakose Kuzhiyanjal AJ, Limdi JK. Management of acute severe ulcerative colitis-an update for generalist and specialist clinicians. Br Med Bull 2024:ldae006. [PMID: 38823040 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a potentially life-threatening medical emergency that occurs in up to 25% of patients with ulcerative colitis. Although intravenous corticosteroids remain the cornerstone of therapy, 30-40% of patients will not respond and need timely consideration of rescue therapy with (currently) either infliximab or ciclosporin or indeed colectomy, underscoring the importance of multidisciplinary care to ensure favourable outcomes for patients. We discuss the current evidence and present an approach to the management of ASUC for general and specialist clinicians caring for patients with ASUC. SOURCES OF DATA The information in this review is derived from data published in peer- reviewed academic journals and registered clinical trials. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Management of acute severe colitis requires a multidisciplinary approach with early initiation with steroids and timely escalation of treatment to either medical rescue therapy or surgery. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Balancing the risks of delayed surgery vs. optimizing medical therapy, including accelerated dosing schedules for biologics, remains ambiguous. GROWING POINTS The position on newer molecules like Janus Kinase inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, is a growing area with early real-world data showing promise for steroid refractory ASUC. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH Developing predictive biomarkers and clinical risk scores for personalized rescue therapy selection is an evolving area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jimmy K Limdi
- Division of Gastroenterology-Section of IBD, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Rochdale Old Rd, Bury, Manchester BL97TD, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M139PL, UK
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Dovizio M, Hartz S, Buzzoni C, Redondo I, Nedeljkovic Protic M, Birra D, Perrone V, Veronesi C, Degli Esposti L, Armuzzi A. Real-World Treatment Patterns and Healthcare Resource Use for Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease in Italy. Adv Ther 2024; 41:2282-2298. [PMID: 38619721 PMCID: PMC11133152 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Real-world data are used to inform decision-makers and optimise therapeutic management for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). We analysed data on the epidemiology (by using proxies of prevalence and incidence), patient characteristics, treatment patterns and associated healthcare direct costs for the management of patients with UC and patients with CD in Italy. METHODS This retrospective observational study used administrative databases from eight Local Health Units geographically distributed across Italy. Adult patients with a hospitalisation and/or an exemption for UC or CD were included. Study outcomes were summarised descriptively, and limited statistical tests were performed. RESULTS At baseline, 9255 adults with UC and 4747 adults with CD were included. Mean (standard deviation) age at inclusion was 54.0 (18.4)/48.6 (18.1) years, for UC/CD. The estimated average incidence of UC and CD for the period 2013-2020 was 36.5 and 18.7 per 100,000, respectively. The most frequently prescribed drug category for patients with UC/CD was conventional treatment [mesalazine and topical corticosteroids (67.4%/61.1%), immunomodulators and systemic corticosteroids (43.2%/47.7%)], followed by biologic treatments (2.1%/5.1%). The mean annual total direct cost per patient was 7678 euro (€), for UC and €6925 for CD. CONCLUSION This analysis, carried-out in an Italian clinical setting, may help to optimise therapy for patients with UC and CD and provide relevant clinical practice data to inform decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Dovizio
- CliCon S.R.L. Società Benefit Health, Economics and Outcomes Research, Via Murri, 9-40137, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Valentina Perrone
- CliCon S.R.L. Società Benefit Health, Economics and Outcomes Research, Via Murri, 9-40137, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Veronesi
- CliCon S.R.L. Società Benefit Health, Economics and Outcomes Research, Via Murri, 9-40137, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Degli Esposti
- CliCon S.R.L. Società Benefit Health, Economics and Outcomes Research, Via Murri, 9-40137, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Armuzzi
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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Akiyama S, Sakamoto T, Kobayashi M, Matsubara D, Tsuchiya K. Clinical usefulness of hypoxia imaging colonoscopy for the objective measurement of ulcerative colitis disease activity. Gastrointest Endosc 2024; 99:1006-1016.e4. [PMID: 38184118 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2023.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colonic mucosal hypoxia is associated with mucosal inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to assess the clinical usefulness of hypoxia imaging colonoscopy for the evaluation of clinical, endoscopic, and histologic disease activities of UC. METHODS This retrospective cohort study comprised 100 consecutive patients with UC who underwent hypoxia imaging colonoscopy between September 2022 and September 2023 at the University of Tsukuba Hospital. Colonic tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) was measured at the biopsy sites, and StO2 values between different disease activities were compared. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to calculate the area under the ROC curve (AUROC). RESULTS A significant correlation was identified between rectal StO2 and the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, with moderate accuracy to predict bowel urgency at a 40.5% cutoff (AUROC, .74; 95% confidence interval [CI], .62-.87). Our analysis of 490 images showed median StO2 values for Mayo endoscopic subscores 0, 1, 2, and 3 as 52% (interquartile range [IQR], 48%-56%), 47% (IQR, 43%-52%), 42% (IQR, 38.8%-47%), and 39.5% (IQR, 37.3%-41.8%), respectively. Differences for all pairs were significant. Median StO2 was 49% (IQR, 44%-54%) for Geboes scores 0 to 2, significantly higher than histologically active disease (Geboes score ≥3). At a colonic StO2 cutoff of 45.5%, AUROCs for endoscopically and histologically active diseases were .79 (95% CI, .74-.84) and .72 (95% CI, .66-.77). CONCLUSIONS StO2 obtained by hypoxia imaging colonoscopy is useful for assessing clinical, endoscopic, and histologic activities of UC, suggesting that StO2 may be a novel and objective endoscopic measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Akiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Taku Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mariko Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsubara
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Mankarious MM, Greene AC, Schaefer EW, Clarke K, Kulaylat AN, Jeganathan NA, Deutsch MJ, Kulaylat AS. Is the writing on the wall? The relationship between the number of disease-modifying anti-inflammatory bowel disease drugs used and the risk of surgical resection. J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 28:836-842. [PMID: 38575464 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-modifying anti-inflammatory bowel disease drugs (DMAIDs) revolutionized the management of ulcerative colitis (UC). This study assessed the relationship between the number and timing of drugs used to treat UC and the risk of colectomy and postoperative complications. METHODS This was a retrospective review of adult patients with UC treated with disease-modifying drugs between 2005 and 2020 in the MarketScan database. Landmark and time-varying regression analyses were used to analyze risk of surgical resection. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to determine risk of postoperative complications, emergency room visits, and readmissions. RESULTS A total of 12,193 patients with UC and treated with disease-modifying drugs were identified. With a median follow-up time of 1.7 years, 23.8% used >1 drug, and 8.3% of patients required surgical resection. In landmark analyses, using 2 and ≥3 drugs before the landmark date was associated with higher incidence of surgery for each landmark than 1 drug. Multivariable Cox regression showed hazard ratio (95% CIs) of 4.22 (3.59-4.97), 11.7 (9.01-15.3), and 22.9 (15.0-34.9) for using 2, 3, and ≥4 drugs, respectively, compared with using 1 DMAID. That risk was constant overtime. The number of drugs used preoperatively was not associated with an increased postoperative risk of any complication, emergency room visits, or readmission. CONCLUSION The use of multiple disease-modifying drugs in UC is associated with an increased risk of surgical resection with each additional drug. This provides important prognostic data and highlights the importance of patient counseling with minimal concern regarding risk of postoperative morbidity for additional drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc M Mankarious
- Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Alicia C Greene
- Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Eric W Schaefer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kofi Clarke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Afif N Kulaylat
- Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nimalan A Jeganathan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Michael J Deutsch
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Audrey S Kulaylat
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.
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Parra-Izquierdo V, Frías-Ordoñez JS, Juliao-Baños F, Cuadros C, Romero Sanchez C, Flórez-Sarmiento C. Colombian experience with the use of tofacitinib in severe acute ulcerative colitis: A case series study. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2024; 47:582-590. [PMID: 37806342 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tofacitinib is indicated in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC); however, given its rapid onset of action, it may constitute an alternative in patients with hospitalized severe acute UC. There are few data on this indication in the literature. The aim of this study was to describe the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in the management of patients with hospitalized UC, as well as its clinical characteristics and other treatment patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Descriptive observational study of adults and children with CUAG treated with tofacitinib between June 2019 and December 2022 in Colombia. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected, therapeutic response was evaluated in different periods of time and descriptive analysis of quantitative and qualitative variables was performed. RESULTS Six patients (five adults and one pediatric), mean age 33.2 (SD: 8.5) years, with CUAG. Symptom remission was obtained in 100% of patients at day 7 after tofacitinib initiation. In three patients information was obtained beyond 6 months, with 100% clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic remission and without requiring colectomy. In the case of the pediatric patient, symptom remission was achieved one week after starting tofacitinib, remaining in clinical, biochemical and endoscopic remission beyond 6 months. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the cases. CONCLUSIONS Tofacitinib represents a rescue therapeutic alternative in CUAG, with rapid clinical response, adequate tolerance and less need for colectomy, being sustained for periods beyond 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Parra-Izquierdo
- Gastroenterología y Reumatología, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Grupo de Inmunología Celular y Molecular (INMUBO), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia; Gastroadvanced IPS, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Fabián Juliao-Baños
- Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Digestiva, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Cuadros
- Gastroenterología Pediátrica, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | - Cristian Flórez-Sarmiento
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular y Molecular (INMUBO), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia; Gastroadvanced IPS, Bogotá, Colombia; Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Digestiva, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Walsh M, Rahman S, Gologorsky R, Tsikitis VL. Colorectal Neoplasia in the Setting of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Surg Clin North Am 2024; 104:673-684. [PMID: 38677829 DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (colorectal adenocarcinoma [CRC]) compared with the general population. IBD-related CRC is related to poorer outcomes than non-IBD-related CRC, and it accounts for 10% to 15% of death in patients with IBD. As such, screening guidelines have been made specific to this population recommending shorter intervals of endoscopic screening to detect dysplasia and CRC relative to the general population. Advances in endoscopic technology allow for improved visualization of dysplasia, which has led to widespread adoption of dye-spray chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Walsh
- Department of General Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road L-579, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Shahrose Rahman
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road L-579, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rebecca Gologorsky
- Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road L-579, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Vassiliki Liana Tsikitis
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road L-579, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Rahman S, Patel RK, Boden E, Tsikitis VL. Medical Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Surg Clin North Am 2024; 104:657-671. [PMID: 38677828 DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The past few decades have seen significant advancements in the medical management of both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The previous dependence on steroids is no longer an acceptable strategy following the Food and Drug Administration approval for several new classes of medication. These medications include aminosalicylates, immunomodulators, biologics, and oral targeted small-molecule inhibitors. This article highlights several key trials and discusses modern treatment paradigms for both UC and CD based on disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrose Rahman
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L223, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Ranish K Patel
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L223, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elisa Boden
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3161 Southwest Pavilion Loop, L461, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Vassiliki Liana Tsikitis
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L223, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Jacobsson M, Wagner V, Kanneganti S. Screening for Colorectal Cancer. Surg Clin North Am 2024; 104:595-607. [PMID: 38677823 DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Colorectal cancer screening allows for prevention and early detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions, and screening has been shown to be effective in preventing colorectal cancer deaths. Screening recommendations vary by patient risk profile. A variety of screening modalities exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Jacobsson
- Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, St. Joseph Medical Center General Surgery Residency, 1708 South Yakima Avenue Suite 105 & 112, Tacoma, WA 98408, USA
| | - Vitas Wagner
- Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, St. Joseph Medical Center General Surgery Residency, 1708 South Yakima Avenue Suite 105 & 112, Tacoma, WA 98408, USA
| | - Shalini Kanneganti
- Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Franciscan Surgical Associates at St. Joseph, 1708 South Yakima Avenue Suite 105 & 112, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA.
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