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Piao X, Ma L, Xu Q, Zhang X, Jin C. Noncoding RNAs: Versatile regulators of endothelial dysfunction. Life Sci 2023; 334:122246. [PMID: 37931743 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs have recently emerged as versatile regulators of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of plaques within the arterial walls. Through their ability to modulate gene expression, noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, play crucial roles in various cellular processes involved in endothelial dysfunction (ECD), such as inflammation, pyroptosis, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs in endothelial dysfunction during atherosclerosis. It highlights the specific noncoding RNAs that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ECD, their target genes, and the mechanisms by which they contribute to ECD. Furthermore, we have reviewed the current therapeutics in atherosclerosis and explore their interaction with noncoding RNAs. Understanding the intricate regulatory network of noncoding RNAs in ECD may open up new opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat ECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Piao
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China.
| | - Lie Ma
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Qinqi Xu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Chengzhu Jin
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
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Hadipour E, Emami SA, Tayarani‐Najaran N, Tayarani‐Najaran Z. Effects of sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) and bioactive compounds (sesamin and sesamolin) on inflammation and atherosclerosis: A review. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3729-3757. [PMID: 37457142 PMCID: PMC10345702 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative stress, obesity, infection, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes are the main causes of atherosclerosis, which in the long term lead to hardening of the arteries. In the current study, we reviewed recent findings of the mechanism of sesame and its active compounds of sesamin and sesamolin regulates on atherosclerosis. Sesame can decrease the lipid peroxidation and affect the enzymes, which control the balance of oxidative status in the body. Besides modulating the inflammatory cytokines, sesame regulates the main mediators of the signaling pathways in the process of inflammation, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Sesame decreases the growth of different pathogens. It fights against obesity and helps to reduce weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and lipid count of serum and liver. In addition to lowering fasting blood sugar (FBS), it decreases the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glucose levels and improves insulin function. With high content of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), sesame efficiently controls the blood plasma lipids and changes the lipid profile. In the case of hypertension, it maintains the health of endothelium through multiple mechanisms and conserves the response of the arteries to vasodilation. PUFA in sesame suppresses blood clotting and fibrinogen activity. All the mentioned properties combat atherosclerosis and hardening of blood vessels, which are detailed in the present review for sesame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hadipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of GuilanRashtIran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Niloufar Tayarani‐Najaran
- Department of Dental Prosthesis, School of DentistryMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Tayarani‐Najaran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research CenterPharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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3
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Fasipe B, Li S, Laher I. Exercise and vascular function in sedentary lifestyles in humans. Pflugers Arch 2023:10.1007/s00424-023-02828-6. [PMID: 37272982 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
People with sedentary lifestyles engage in minimal or no physical activity. A sedentary lifestyle promotes dysregulation of cellular redox balance, diminishes mitochondrial function, and increases NADPH oxidase activity. These changes collectively increase cellular oxidative stress, which alters endothelial function by oxidizing LDL-C, reducing NO production, and causing eNOS uncoupling. Reduced levels of nitric oxide (NO) leads to vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, and vascular inflammation. Exercise modulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) to modify NRF2-KEAP signaling, leading to the activation of NRF2 to alleviate oxidative stress. While regular moderate exercise activates NRF2 through ROS production, high-intensity intermittent exercise stimulates NRF2 activation to a greater degree by reducing KEAP levels, which can be more beneficial for sedentary individuals. We review the damaging effects of a sedentary lifestyle on the vascular system and the health benefits of regular and intermittent exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde Fasipe
- Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Shunchang Li
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ismail Laher
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, Canada.
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Goswami B, Sarkar S, Sengupta S, Bhattacharjee B. Assessment of serum nitric oxide level and its correlation with anthropometric parameters and lipid profile in diabetic patients: A hospital-based study from Tripura. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:5161-5165. [PMID: 36505578 PMCID: PMC9731029 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2395_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction is a well-known finding in hyper-cholesterolaemic patients. Multiple factors including increased inactivation of nitric oxide by radicals and inhibition of nitric oxide formation by different mechanisms contribute to this. Objectives (i) To estimate serum nitric oxide (NO) levels among diabetic and non-diabetic subjects attending a tertiary care hospital of Tripura and (ii) to determine the correlation of serum nitric oxide with different anthropometric parameters and lipid profile among the study subjects. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted during June 2019 to May 2020 among 227 subjects. Anthropometric measurements like weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, visceral fat percentage were measured by using OMRON Body Composition Monitor (HBF 701). Serum NO levels were measured using standard NO colorimetric assay kit and HbA1C and lipid profile were analyzed by using a Biochemical Autoanalyser. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS software version 25. Result One hundred fifteen (115) diabetics were considered as test group whereas One hundred twelve (112) non-diabetic subjects were included as control. The mean serum level of NO in the diabetic group was 86.91 ± 14.13 mmoles/L whereas in the non-diabetic group it was 33.23 ± 12.90 mmoles/L which is statistically significant. Significant correlation is also found between serum NO level and different anthropometric parameters, namely, age, BMI and visceral fat percentage. Conclusion In this study, positive correlation is found between serum NO, BMI, and body visceral fat. As NO is considered as a potential biomarker for diabetic patients developing hypertension, BMI, and body visceral fat may be considered as a good prognostic parameter in future development of diabetic complications. While dealing with diabetic patients the family physicians should be aware of these two parameters and besides treating them, physicians should convince the diabetic patients to maintain ideal BMI and body visceral fat by following proper life style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan Goswami
- Department of Microbiology, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Bidhan Goswami, Department of Microbiology, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, P. O. Kunjavan, 799 006, Tripura, India. E-mail:
| | - Swapan Sarkar
- Department of Medicine, Agartala Government Medical College & GBP Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - Shauli Sengupta
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - Bhaskar Bhattacharjee
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura, India
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Kong CY, Guo Z, Song P, Zhang X, Yuan YP, Teng T, Yan L, Tang QZ. Underlying the Mechanisms of Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity: Oxidative Stress and Cell Death. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:760-770. [PMID: 35002523 PMCID: PMC8741835 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a destructive disease that causes high levels of morbidity and mortality. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly efficient antineoplastic chemotherapeutic drug, but its use places survivors at risk for cardiotoxicity. Many studies have demonstrated that multiple factors are involved in DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity. Among them, oxidative stress and cell death predominate. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying the source and effect of free radicals and dependent cell death pathways induced by DOX. Hence, we attempt to explain the cellular mechanisms of oxidative stress and cell death that elicit acute cardiotoxicity and provide new insights for researchers to discover potential therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Teng Teng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Ling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
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Zhang S, Zhou J, Li L, Pan X, Lin J, Li C, Leung WT, Wang L. Effect of dehydroepiandrosterone on atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. Biosci Trends 2021; 15:353-364. [PMID: 34759119 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2021.01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In China, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has surpassed malignant tumours to become the disease with the highest mortality rate, and atherosclerosis (AS) is an important pathological cause of CVD. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is the most abundant steroid hormone in circulating human blood and is a precursor of estrogen and androgen. DHEA is converted into a series of sex hormones in local peripheral tissues where its acts physiologically. DHEA also acts therapeutically, thereby avoiding the adverse systemic reactions to sex hormones. DHEA inhibits AS, thus inhibiting the development of CVD, and it improves the prognosis for CVD. The incidence of CVD in postmenopausal women is substantially higher than that in premenopausal women, and that incidence is believed to be related to a decrease in ovarian function. The current review analyzes the mechanisms of postmenopausal women's susceptibility to AS. They tend to have dyslipidemia, and their vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferate and migrate more. In addition, oxidative stress and the inflammatory response of endothelial cells (ECs) are more serious in postmenopausal women. This review also discusses how DHEA combats AS by countering these mechanisms, which include regulating the blood lipid status, protecting ECs (including coping with oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions of the vascular endothelium, inhibiting apoptosis of ECs, and inducing NO production) and inhibiting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. As a result, DHEA has great value in preventing AS and inhibiting its progression in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Zhang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyao Pan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuyu Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wing Ting Leung
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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7
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Association between Proton Pump Inhibitors and Hearing Impairment: A Nested Case-Control Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:142-152. [PMID: 34070082 PMCID: PMC8929002 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the association of previous use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with the rate of hearing impairment. The ≥40-year-old population in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort was enrolled. The 6626 registered hearing-impaired patients were matched with 508,240 control participants for age, sex, income, region of residence, and index date (date of hearing impairment diagnosis). The prescription histories of PPIs were collected for 2 years before the index date. The odds ratios of the duration of PPI use for hearing impairment were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Subgroups of age/sex and severity of hearing impairments were additionally analyzed for the relation of PPI use with hearing impairment. PPI use for 30-365 days was associated with a 1.65-times higher odds of hearing impairment (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.47-1.86 for 30-365 days of PPI medication). PPI use for ≥365 days was also related to 1.52-times higher odds of hearing impairment (95% CI = 1.35-1.72, p < 0.001). All age and sex subgroups demonstrated a positive association between PPI use and hearing impairment. Severe hearing impairment showed consistently higher odds of a relation with PPI use. PPI use was associated with an increased rate of hearing impairment.
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8
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Shimba Y, Senda R, Katayama K, Morita A, Ikeda M, Kamei Y, Miura S. Skeletal muscle-specific forkhead box protein-O1 overexpression suppresses atherosclerosis progression in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 540:61-66. [PMID: 33450481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) reportedly prevents atherosclerotic diseases. Furthermore, CR induces forkhead box protein-O1 (FOXO-1) expression in the skeletal muscle, altering the character of the skeletal muscle. We previously reported that the change in skeletal muscle character, induced by the overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α, suppresses atherosclerotic progression in an atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-KO) mouse model. Thus, we hypothesized that skeletal muscle alternation induced by FOXO-1 may also have an anti-atherosclerotic effect in ApoE-KO mice. In this study, we investigated whether skeletal muscle-specific FOXO-1 overexpression suppresses the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE-KO mice. We generated ApoE-KO/FOXO-1 mice, in which an ApoE-KO mouse was crossbred with a mouse presenting skeletal muscle-specific FOXO-1 overexpression (FOXO-1Tg). The mice were sacrificed at 20 weeks of age, and atherosclerotic plaque area and protein expression in the plaque were measured. Additionally, we measured the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)- induced mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), using serum collected from the FOXO-1Tg mice. Accordingly, ApoE-KO/FOXO-1 mice showed a 65% reduced atherosclerotic plaque area when compared with the ApoE-KO mice, with concomitantly reduced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and macrophage infiltration. As compared to serum from wild-type mice, the serum collected from the FOXO-1Tg mice significantly suppressed the mRNA expression of VCAM-1, an atherosclerosis initiation factor, in TNFα-treated HUVECs. Therefore, these data suggest that skeletal muscle-specific FOXO-1 overexpression suppresses the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE-KO mice. In part, the CR-induced anti-atherosclerotic effect could be attributed to FOXO-1 upregulation in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Shimba
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Rena Senda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Keigo Katayama
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Akihito Morita
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ikeda
- Faculty of Social and Environmental Studies, Tokoha University, 6-1 Yayoi-cho, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8581, Japan
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Shimogamohangicho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Shinji Miura
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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Feng E, Wang J, Wang X, Wang Z, Chen X, Zhu X, Hou W. Inhibition of HMGB1 Might Enhance the Protective Effect of Taxifolin in Cardiomyocytes via PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:316-332. [PMID: 34567165 PMCID: PMC8457741 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113584.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) affect millions of people and spend a lot of medical costs around the world each year. Taxifolin is a natural anti-oxidative reagent obtained from multiple plants and exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects. High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is expressed in multiple types of cells in the extracellular environment, regulating the pro-inflammatory process. Here, we detected the viability of cells using MTT assay, and the expression of each target protein was detected using western blotting analysis. The expression of each target mRNA was detected using the qPCR method, and the concentration of each cytokine in serum samples was detected using the ELISA method. In this study, we found that taxifolin could decrease the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) while increasing the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), presented a protective role. Besides, taxifolin could also increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-α (VEGF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and fibroblast growth factor21 (FGF21), resulting in viability rate increasing. And these effects were mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway; a similar trend was also observed in HMGB1 knockdown mice. We also found that inhibition of HMGB1 could enhance the cardioprotective effect of taxifolin and might be a new therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Center Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300000.
- E. F. and J. W. and X. W. contributed equally to this work.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Center Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300000.
- E. F. and J. W. and X. W. contributed equally to this work.
| | - Xinwei Wang
- Oncology Department of Characteristic Medical Center of PAF, Tianjin, China, 300162.
- E. F. and J. W. and X. W. contributed equally to this work.
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- Medical Research Department of Characteristic Medical Center of PAF, Tianjin, China, 300162.
| | - Xiaochu Chen
- Medical Research Department of Characteristic Medical Center of PAF, Tianjin, China, 300162.
| | - Xu Zhu
- Second Department of Neurology, Central Hospital of Handan, Handan, China, 056000.
| | - Wenli Hou
- Cadre Ward of Characteristic Medical Center of PAF, Tianjin, China, 300162.
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Jayaraj P, Narasimhulu CA, Rajagopalan S, Parthasarathy S, Desikan R. Sesamol: a powerful functional food ingredient from sesame oil for cardioprotection. Food Funct 2020; 11:1198-1210. [PMID: 32037412 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01873e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Phytophenols are important bioactive food based chemical entities, largely present in several natural sources. Among them, sesamol is one of the key natural phenols found in sesame seeds, Piper cubeba etc. Several studies have reported that sesame oil is a potent cardioprotective functional food. Papers on the utility of sesamol in sesame oil (the chemical name of sesamol is methylenedioxyphenol, MDP) have appeared in the literature, though there is no single concise review on the usefulness of sesamol in sesame oil in CVD in the literature. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most challenging health problem encountered by the global population. There has been increasing interest in the growth of effective cardiovascular therapeutics, specifically of natural origin. Among various natural sources of chemicals, phytochemicals are micronutrients and bio-compatible scaffolds having an extraordinary efficacy at multiple disease targets with minimal or no adverse effect. This review offers a perspective on the existing literature on functional ingredients in sesame oil with particular focus on sesamol and its derivatives having nutritional and cardioprotective properties. This is demonstrated to have shown a specifically modulating oxidative enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) and other proteins which are detrimental to human well-being. The molecular mechanism of cardioprotection by this food ingredient is primarily attributed to the methylenedioxy group present in the sesamol component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premkumar Jayaraj
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India.
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11
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Kumar G, Dey SK, Kundu S. Functional implications of vascular endothelium in regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis to control blood pressure and cardiac functions. Life Sci 2020; 259:118377. [PMID: 32898526 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The endothelium is the innermost vascular lining performing significant roles all over the human body while maintaining the blood pressure at physiological levels. Malfunction of endothelium is thus recognized as a biomarker linked with many vascular diseases including but not limited to atherosclerosis, hypertension and thrombosis. Alternatively, prevention of endothelial malfunctioning or regulating the functions of its associated physiological partners like endothelial nitric oxide synthase can prevent the associated vascular disorders which account for the highest death toll worldwide. While many anti-hypertensive drugs are available commercially, a comprehensive description of the key physiological roles of the endothelium and its regulation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase or vice versa is the need of the hour to understand its contribution in vascular homeostasis. This, in turn, will help in designing new therapeutics targeting endothelial nitric oxide synthase or its interacting partners present in the cellular pool. This review describes the central role of vascular endothelium in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase while outlining the emerging drug targets present in the vasculature with potential to treat vascular disorders including hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Suman Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
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12
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Golbidi S, Edvinsson L, Laher I. Smoking and Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:1-11. [PMID: 30210003 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180913120015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is one of the most important health concerns worldwide. Even though the rate of smoking is declining in developed countries, it is still experiencing growth in developing regions. Many studies have examined the relationship between smoking, as an established risk factor, and cardiovascular diseases. We provide an updated review of the underlying mechanisms of smokinginduced cardiovascular diseases, with a focus on the relationship between smoking and oxidative stress, particularly from the perspective of endothelial cell dysfunction. We review smoking-induced oxidative stress as a trigger for a generalized vascular inflammation associated with cytokine release, adhesion of inflammatory cells and, ultimately, disruption of endothelial integrity as a protective barrier layer. We also briefly discuss the harms related to the vaping of electronic cigarettes, which many erroneously consider as a safe alternative to smoking. We conclude that even though e-cigarette could be a helpful device during the transition period of cigarette quitting, it is by no means a safe substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Golbidi
- Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Getingevägen, 22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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13
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Malekmohammad K, Sewell RD, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Mechanisms of Medicinal Plant Activity on Nitric Oxide (NO) Bioavailability as Prospective Treatments for Atherosclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2591-2601. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200318152049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective:
Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of human morbidity globally
and reduced bioavailability of vascular nitric oxide (NO) has a critical role in the progression and development of
the atherosclerotic disease. Loss of NO bioavailability, for example via a deficiency of the substrate (L-arginine)
or cofactors for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), invariably leads to detrimental vascular effects such as
impaired endothelial function and increased smooth muscle cell proliferation, deficiency of the substrate (Larginine)
or cofactors for eNOS. Various medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds or secondary metabolites
with fewer side effects are potentially implicated in preventing cardiovascular disease by increasing NO
bioavailability, thereby ameliorating endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we describe the most notable medicinal
plants and their bioactive compounds that may be appropriate for enhancing NO bioavailability, and
treatment of atherosclerosis.
Methods:
The material in this article was obtained from noteworthy scientific databases, including Web of Science,
PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar.
Results:
Medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds influence NO production through diverse mechanisms
including the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, activating protein kinase C
(PKC)-α, stimulating protein tyrosine kinase (PTK), reducing the conversion of nitrite to NO via nitrate-nitrite
reduction pathways, induction of eNOS, activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine threonine
protein kinase B (AKT) (PI3K/AKT/eNOS/NO) pathway and decreasing oxidative stress.
Conclusion:
Medicinal plants and/or their constituent bioactive compounds may be considered as safe therapeutic
options for enhancing NO bioavailability and prospective preventative therapy for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert D.E. Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB. Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Cefis M, Quirié A, Pernet N, Marie C, Garnier P, Prigent-Tessier A. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a full endothelium-derived factor in rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 128-129:106674. [PMID: 32179157 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Most of what is known on vascular brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) derived from experiments on cultured endothelial cells. Therefore, the present study compared BDNF levels/localization in artery (aorta) vs vein (vena cava) from a same territory in rats either sedentary (SED) or exposed to treadmill exercise (EX) as a mean to stimulate endogenous endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production. In SED rats, for both artery and vein, BDNF was strongly expressed by endothelial cells, while only a faint and scattered expression was observed throughout the media. Endothelial and muscular BDNF staining as vascular BDNF protein levels were however higher in artery than in vein, while BDNF mRNA levels did not differ between vessels. Irrespective of the vessels, EX resulted in an increase (+50%) in BDNF protein levels with no change in BDNF mRNA levels, a selective endothelial BDNF overexpression (x4) and an increase in vascular levels of tropomyosin related kinase B receptors (TrkB) phosphorylated at tyrosine 816 (p-TrkBTyr816). Endothelial expressions of BDNF and p-TrkBTyr816 were positively associated when SED and EX rats were simultaneously examined. The results incite to consider endothelial BDNF as a full and NO-dependent endothelium-derived factor that exerts autocrine effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cefis
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Aurore Quirié
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Pernet
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Christine Marie
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Philippe Garnier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000 Dijon, France; Département Génie Biologique, IUT, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Anne Prigent-Tessier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000 Dijon, France
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Yepuri G, Ramasamy R. Significance and Mechanistic Relevance of SIRT6-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Disease Progression. Circ Res 2020; 124:1408-1410. [PMID: 31071002 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gautham Yepuri
- From the Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- From the Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York
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Pharmaceutical Preconditioning With Nitric Oxide Synthase and L-Arginine in Ischemic Tissues. Ann Plast Surg 2019; 84:705-710. [PMID: 31850966 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional signaling molecule involved in regulating vascular tone and tissue oxygenation. It is also an important cytoprotective agent against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Enhancing NO bioavailability via exogenous NO synthases (NOSs) and L-arginine promotes conversation to NO, circumventing the problem of nonfunctioning NOSs under hypoxic and acidic conditions. In this study, the authors evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of neuronal, inducible, and endothelial NOS and L-arginine on reperfusion-induced skin flap alterations. METHODS The vascular pedicle isolated rat skin flap model was used and underwent 3 hours of ischemia. At 30 minutes before ischemia, normal saline, endothelial-, inducible-, and neuronal NOSs (1/2 IU) and L-arginine (100 mg/kg body weight) were administered by means of intravenous infusion. The IRI-induced alterations were measured 5 days after the operation. RESULTS The 3 isoforms of NOS increased the flap vitality rate (VR) from 10% to 23% compared with the control group. L-Arginine treatment also increased the VR by approximately 15%. The combination of L-arginine with NOS resulted in even higher flap VRs. The best results could be achieved with the combination of endothelial NOS (2 IU) and L-arginine. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of NO bioavailability via exogenous application of NOSs and L-arginine significantly improved VRs in a skin flap rat model. This pharmacologic preconditioning has the potential to attenuate IRI-induced alterations in skin flaps.
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Wiciński M, Malinowski B, Puk O, Górski K, Adamkiewicz D, Chojnacki G, Walczak M, Wódkiewicz E, Szambelan M, Adamska P, Skibińska K, Socha M, Słupski M, Pawlak-Osińska K. Possible Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors on Hearing Loss Development. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4853695. [PMID: 31915695 PMCID: PMC6935450 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4853695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Considered safe and often available as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are one of the most frequently used medicines. Over recent years much research analyzing PPI has been conducted and these studies shed light on PPI side effects and the mechanisms of these processes. In this study we summarize the findings of these studies and through deduction present some hypotheses on the impact of PPI on health. Of particular interest is the impact of PPI on hearing loss development. However, despite this side effect being localized, its mechanisms are complex, systemic and involve changes in whole body. This paper summarizes how through, inter alia, alterations in the circulatory system, respiratory system, central nervous system and metabolism PPI can cause hearing impairment, which can occur in every age group and is connected with long-term use of this group of drugs. This article also discusses the role PPI plays in the acceleration of presbycusis development, in relation to the fact that older people are the group who most frequently use PPI in long term. Hearing loss negatively impacts affects quality of life, especially among older patients who are also the most afflicted group; administration of PPI should therefore be considered carefully, taking into consideration all potential benefits and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Wiciński
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Oskar Puk
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karol Górski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dawid Adamkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Chojnacki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Walczak
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Eryk Wódkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Monika Szambelan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paulina Adamska
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kamila Skibińska
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Socha
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Słupski
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pawlak-Osińska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Hearing and Balance System, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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18
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Kraal AZ, Moll AC, Arvanitis NR, Ward KM, Dougherty RJ, Grove TB, Burghardt KJ, Ellingrod VL. Metabolic syndrome is negatively associated with cognition among endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)- 786C carriers in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 117:142-147. [PMID: 31421598 PMCID: PMC6707862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although metabolic syndrome and cognitive inefficiencies are well-described common complications of schizophrenia, their association remains inconsistent, potentially due to poorly understood mechanisms underlying their relationship. Variability in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene, specifically the T-786C variant, has been separately associated with cognition and metabolic syndrome, with worse outcomes for eNOS-786C carriers likely occurring via negative effects on blood vessel functioning. However, the interaction between eNOS and metabolic syndrome in cognition among adults with schizophrenia is unknown. This study aimed to test the main and interaction effects of the eNOS-786C allele in cognition using hierarchical regression analyses controlling for age, sex, education, race, and antipsychotic exposure. Metabolic syndrome, eNOS T-786C genotype, and cognitive performance were assessed in 226 community-dwelling participants with chronic schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Results demonstrated a significant interaction between metabolic syndrome and the eNOS-786C allele. Specifically, among eNOS-786C carriers only, metabolic syndrome was independently associated with lower scores in processing speed and verbal fluency, and predicted 12.5% and 15.8% of variance in performance, respectively. These results suggest that the additive negative effects of eNOS-786C and metabolic syndrome on blood vessel functioning may be severe enough to negatively impact cognition. The finding that metabolic syndrome is associated with worse cognition only in the presence of the eNOS-786C allele may clarify extant inconsistencies in the literature. These findings provide preliminary evidence that may inform interventions to reduce cognitive morbidity among adults with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Zarina Kraal
- Department of Psychology, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan
| | - Allison C. Moll
- Department of Psychology, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan
| | - Nicole R. Arvanitis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan
| | - Kristen M. Ward
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan
| | - Ryan J. Dougherty
- Department of Social Welfare, Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California Los Angeles
| | - Tyler B. Grove
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan
| | - Kyle J. Burghardt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University
| | - Vicki L. Ellingrod
- Department of Psychology, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan
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19
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Matrone G, Thandavarayan RA, Walther BK, Meng S, Mojiri A, Cooke JP. Dysfunction of iPSC-derived endothelial cells in human Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:2495-2508. [PMID: 31411525 PMCID: PMC6738911 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1651587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) succumb to myocardial infarction and stroke in their teen years. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in more common forms of atherosclerosis. Endothelial pathobiology may contribute to HGPS, but a comprehensive characterization of endothelial function in HGPS has not been performed. iPSCs derived from fibroblasts of HGPS patients or unaffected relatives were differentiated into endothelial cells (ECs). Immunofluorescent signal of the pluripotent stem cell markers SSEA4, Oct4, Sox2 and TRAI-60 was similar in HGPS or control iPSCs. Following the differentiation, FACS analysis and immunocytochemistry for CD31 and CD144 revealed a smaller percentage of ECs from HGPS iPSCs. Immunostaining for Lamin A revealed nuclear dysmorphology in HGPS iPSC-ECs. Furthermore, these cells were significantly larger and rounded, and they proliferated less, features which are typical of senescent endothelial cells. HGPS iPSC-ECs manifested less Dil-Ac-LDL uptake; less DAF-2DA staining for nitric oxide generation and formed fewer networks in matrigel in vitro. In immunodeficient mice injected with iPSC-ECs, HGPS iPSC-ECs generated a sparser vascular network compared to the control, with reduced capillary number. Telomere length (T/S ratio) of HGPS iPSC-EC was reduced as assessed by mmqPCR. iPSC-ECs derived from HGPS patients have dysmorphic appearance, abnormal nuclear morphology, shortened telomeres, reduced replicative capacity and impaired functions in vitro and in vivo. Targeting the endothelial abnormality in patients with HGPS may provide a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of this condition. Abbreviations: HGPS: Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome; ZMPSTE24: Zinc metallopeptidase STE24; FTI: Farnesyltransferase inhibitors; VSMCs: Vascular smooth muscle cells; iPSC: Induced pluripotent stem cells; EC: Endothelial cells; hTERT: Human telomerase reverse transcriptase; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; DAF-FM DA: 3-Amino, 4-aminomethyl-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate; BMP4: Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; mmqPCR: mono chrome multiplex PCR; SCG: single-copy gene; CSI: Cell shape index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Matrone
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rajarajan A Thandavarayan
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brandon K Walther
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shu Meng
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anahita Mojiri
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John P Cooke
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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Sundar UM, Ugusman A, Chua HK, Latip J, Aminuddin A. Piper sarmentosum Promotes Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production by Reducing Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1033. [PMID: 31607906 PMCID: PMC6758593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). ADMA is degraded by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). Elevated levels of ADMA lead to reduction in nitric oxide (NO) production, which is linked to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Piper sarmentosum is an herb that has shown stimulation on endothelial NO production by increasing both expression and activity of eNOS. Thus, this study determined whether the positive effect of P. sarmentosum on NO production is related to its modulation on the DDAH-ADMA pathway in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). HUVEC were divided into four groups: control, treatment with 250 µg/ml of aqueous extract of P. sarmentosum leaves (AEPS), treatment with 30 ng/ml of TNF-α, and concomitant treatment with AEPS and TNF-α for 24 h. After treatments, HUVEC were collected to measure DDAH1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. DDAH1 protein level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and DDAH enzyme activity was measured using colorimetric assay. ADMA concentration was measured using ELISA, and NO level was measured using Griess assay. Compared to control, TNF-α-treated HUVEC showed reduction in DDAH1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), DDAH1 protein level (P < 0.01), and DDAH activity (P < 0.05). Treatment with AEPS successfully increased DDAH1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), DDAH1 protein level (P < 0.01), and DDAH activity (P < 0.05) in TNF-α-treated HUVEC. Treatment with TNF-α caused an increase in ADMA level (P < 0.01) and a decrease in endothelial NO production (P < 0.001). Whereas treatment with AEPS was able to reduce ADMA level (P < 0.01) and restore NO (P < 0.001) in TNF-α-treated HUVEC. The results suggested that AEPS promotes endothelial NO production by stimulating DDAH activity and thus reducing ADMA level in TNF-α-treated HUVEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Mahgesswary Sundar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azizah Ugusman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Kien Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jalifah Latip
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences & Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Amilia Aminuddin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ji G, Song X, Wang L, Li Z, Wu H, Dong H. Golgi apparatus fragmentation participates in oxidized low‐density lipoprotein‐induced endothelial cell injury. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18862-18870. [PMID: 31264250 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Ji
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Song
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfei Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang People's Republic of China
| | - Hongran Wu
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang People's Republic of China
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22
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Qu G, Wu Q, Zhao B, Miao J, Su L. The promotion effect of novel magnetic nanoparticles on atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability in apolipoprotein E-/- mice. Toxicology 2019; 419:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Khadieva TA, Pokrovskaya TG, Belousova Y. Pharmacological correction of endothelial dysfunction using ademethionin and taurine. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.5.32730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Рharmacological correction of endothelial dysfunction is a urgent problem of modern medicine.
Materials and methods: Endothelial dysfunction was simulated in male rats using the e-NOS inhibitor L-NAME (25 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally, for 7 days). Simulation of ADMA-like preeclampsia was performed by intraperitoneal injection of L-NAME to females in the same doses for 7 days (14-20th days of pregnancy). These pathologies were corrected by administering ademethionine in dose 150 mg/kg and taurine at a dose of 260 mg/kg, as well as their combination at the same doses, intragastrically, through an atraumatic probe, once a day.
Results: In the group with use of taurine at a dose of 260 mg/kg the coefficient of endothelial dysfunction decreased to the level of intact animals. Use of ademethionine at a dose of 150 mg/kg and taurine at a dose of 260 mg/kg combined resulted in the most pronounced endothelioprotective effect on the ADMA-like preeclampsia model. The coefficient of endothelial dysfunction decreased more than when using monotherapy of these drugs. Morphological studies of myocardiocytes showed that the combination of ademethionine at a dose of 150 mg/kg and taurine at a dose of 260 mg/kg prevented an increase in the cross-section of cardiomyocytes.
Discussion: Possibly, ademethionine and taurine have an endothelioprotective effect because of their ability to decrease hyperhomocysteinemia.
Conclusion: The investigated drugs showed pronounced endothelioprotective activity and can be recommended for further pre-clinical studies.
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Hong FF, Liang XY, Liu W, Lv S, He SJ, Kuang HB, Yang SL. Roles of eNOS in atherosclerosis treatment. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:429-441. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Azarpira MR, Ghilian MM, Sobhan MR, Mahdinezhad-Yazdi M, Aghili K, Ahrar H, Neamatzadeh H. Association of eNOS 27-bp VNTR, 894G>T and 786T>C polymorphisms with susceptibility to Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease in Iranian children. J Orthop 2019; 16:137-140. [PMID: 30890857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to analyze the association of eNOS polymorphisms with risk of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease (LCPD). Methods The study comprised of 45 LCPD patients and 55 controls. The eNOS polymorphisms were genotyped with PCR and by PCR-RFLP. Results The eNOS 894G > T and -786T > C polymorphisms were significantly associated with an increased risk of LCPD. However, there was no significant association between eNOS 27-bp VNTR polymorphism and LCPD risk. Conclusion Our results suggest that the eNOS 894G > T and -786T > C polymorphisms may be a risk factor for LCPD in Iranian children, but not 27-bp VNTR polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Azarpira
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Ghilian
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sobhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Kazem Aghili
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Ahrar
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Neamatzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Potue P, Wunpathe C, Maneesai P, Kukongviriyapan U, Prachaney P, Pakdeechote P. Nobiletin alleviates vascular alterations through modulation of Nrf-2/HO-1 and MMP pathways in l-NAME induced hypertensive rats. Food Funct 2019; 10:1880-1892. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02408a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nobiletin alleviates l-NAME-induced vascular dysfunction and remodeling and superoxide production in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapassorn Potue
- Department of Physiology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Khon Kaen University
- Khon Kaen
- Thailand
| | - Chutamas Wunpathe
- Department of Physiology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Khon Kaen University
- Khon Kaen
- Thailand
| | | | - Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Khon Kaen University
- Khon Kaen
- Thailand
| | - Parichat Prachaney
- Department of Anatomy
- Faculty of Medicine
- Khon Kaen University
- Khon Kaen
- Thailand
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Khon Kaen University
- Khon Kaen
- Thailand
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Batchelor R, Kumar R, Gilmartin-Thomas JFM, Hopper I, Kemp W, Liew D. Systematic review with meta-analysis: risk of adverse cardiovascular events with proton pump inhibitors independent of clopidogrel. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48:780-796. [PMID: 30178881 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clopidogrel's anti-platelet effects may be attenuated by a pharmacokinetic interaction with co-prescribed proton pump inhibitors, which inhibit oxidative pathways that convert clopidogrel into its active metabolites. Despite this, the impact of PPIs on cardiovascular risk in the absence of clopidogrel is not well defined. AIM To report on a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between PPIs and cardiovascular risk, independent of clopidogrel. METHODS The databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched in October 2017. The primary outcome was association between PPI monotherapy and any adverse cardiovascular event. The secondary outcome was association between proton pump inhibitor monotherapy and acute myocardial infarction. Studies were excluded if they reported or did not adjust for concomitant anti-platelet therapy or involved participants aged less than 18 years. RESULTS A total of 22 studies were included in the systematic review. Data from 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis (involving 447 408 participants). Of these, eight were randomised controlled trials, seven were observational studies and one was a retrospective analysis of a randomised controlled trial. An increased risk of any adverse cardiovascular event with PPI monotherapy was observed using pooled data from observational studies (risk ratio 1.25, 95% CI 1.11-1.42, I2 81%, P < 0.001), but not from randomised controlled trials (risk ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.34-2.33, I2 0%, P = 0.85). CONCLUSION There is no clear evidence of an association between PPI monotherapy and increased cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley Batchelor
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Radya Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julia F M Gilmartin-Thomas
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Ingrid Hopper
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - William Kemp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danny Liew
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Wan Q, Liu Z, Yang Y. Puerarin inhibits vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation induced by fine particulate matter via suppressing of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:146. [PMID: 29728095 PMCID: PMC5935934 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major risk factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Proliferation and infiltration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the blood vessel media into the intima is a crucial step in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Puerarin, a natural extract from Radix Puerariae, possesses significant anti-atherosclerosis properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the effect of puerarin on the VSMCs proliferation induced by PM2.5 remain unclear. The present study was designed to examine the effect of puerarin on PM2.5-induced VSMCs proliferation, and to explore the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signal mechanism involved. Methods VSMCs viability was measured by CCK-8 assay, VSMCs proliferation was assessed by BrdU immunofluorescence, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were assayed by colorimetric assay kits, the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were determined by nitrate reductase method and radioimmunoassay, the levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. The protein expressions of phospho-p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the VSMCs were subjected by Western blot. Results Compared to the PM2.5-treated cells, in addition to inhibiting the PM2.5-induced VSMCs proliferation, puerarin also down-regulated the protein expressions of p-p38 MAPK and PCNA, decreased the levels of ET-1, VCAM-1, IL-6, TNF-α and MDA, increased the levels of NO and SOD. Moreover, the anti-proliferative effects of puerarin were significantly enhanced by the co-incubation of puerarin with SB203580, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, as compared to the puerarin-treated cells. Conclusion These results suggest that puerarin might suppress the PM2.5-induced VSMCs proliferation via the inhibition of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Gao F, Chen J, Zhu H. A potential strategy for treating atherosclerosis: improving endothelial function via AMP-activated protein kinase. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:1024-1029. [PMID: 29675553 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is caused by many factors, such as dyslipidemia, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation. It has been demonstrated that endothelial dysfunction is the initial process of atherosclerosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important metabolic switch that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism and inflammation. However, recent evidence indicates that AMPK could be a target for atherosclerosis by improving endothelial function. For instance, activation of AMPK inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species induced by mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and NADPH oxidase. Moreover, activation of AMPK inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory factors induced by dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia and restrains production of perivascular adipose tissue-released adipokines. AMPK activation prevents endothelial dysfunction by increasing the bioavailability of nitric oxide. Therefore, we focused on the primary risk factors involved in endothelial dysfunction, and summarize the features of AMPK in the protection of endothelial function, by providing signaling pathways thought to be important in the pathological progress of risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiemei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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30
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Anti inflammatory effect of asiaticoside on human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by ox-LDL. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:855-864. [PMID: 29460197 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0198-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and changes associated with atherosclerosis are crucial in clinical medicine. However, atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease. Asiaticoside (AA), a triterpenoid derived from Centella asiatica, has anti-inflammatory activity. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide is important in modulating vascular tone in a distinct vessel size-dependent manner; it plays a dominant role in conduit arteries and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarisation in resistance vessels. This study evaluated the effects of AA administration on human umbilical endothelial cells with oxidised low-density lipoprotein-induced inflammation. We measured the levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Our results indicated that 10-30 μM AA modulated endothelial hyper permeability, adenosine triphosphate levels, ICAM-1 expression, VCAM-1 expression, E-selectin levels, and PECAM-1 expression to 90% (p < 0.005), 80% (p < 0.05), 105% (p < 0.01), 65% (p < 0.005), 70% (p < 0.05), and 105% (p < 0.01), respectively. Taken together, our data suggest that AA inhibits the augmentation of endothelial permeability, thus preventing the early events of atherosclerosis.
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31
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Chen JY, Ye ZX, Wang XF, Chang J, Yang MW, Zhong HH, Hong FF, Yang SL. Nitric oxide bioavailability dysfunction involves in atherosclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:423-428. [PMID: 29091892 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological characteristics of atherosclerosis (AS) include lipid accumulation, fibrosis formation and atherosclerotic plaque produced in artery intima, which leads to vascular sclerosis, lumen stenosis and irritates the ischemic changes of corresponding organs. Endothelial dysfunction was closely associated with AS. Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional signaling molecule involved in the maintenance of metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis. NO is also a potent endogenous vasodilator and enters for the key processes that suppresses the formation vascular lesion even AS. NO bioavailability indicates the production and utilization of endothelial NO in organisms, its decrease is related to oxidative stress, lipid infiltration, the expressions of some inflammatory factors and the alteration of vascular tone, which plays an important role in endothelial dysfunction. The enhancement of arginase activity and the increase in asymmetric dimethylarginine and hyperhomocysteinemia levels all contribute to AS by intervening NO bioavailability in human beings. Diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic kidney disease and smoking, etc., also participate in AS by influencing NO bioavailability and NO level. Here, we reviewed the relationship between NO bioavailability and AS according the newest literatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Chen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zi-Xin Ye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiu-Fen Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jian Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Mei-Wen Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hua-Hua Zhong
- Department of Experimental Teaching Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Department of Experimental Teaching Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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32
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Jiang YQ, Xue JS, Xu J, Zhou ZX, Ji YL. Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure treatment in treating obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome associated with carotid arteriosclerosis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:6176-6182. [PMID: 29285176 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea negatively impacts patients' ability to oxygenate the bloodstream during sleep and has far-reaching, deleterious effects. The present study sought to assess the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), carotid atherosclerosis, and blood pressure variability (BPV), and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Patients with OSAHS were classified as mild, moderate, or severe according to their condition and compared with healthy control participants. CPAP treatment was used to treat patients with OSAHS for 6 months. Prior to CPAP treatment, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), lowest blood oxygen saturation (LSaO2), carotid intima media thickness (IMT), and plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in all participants, along with the low frequency components of BPV (BPV LF). The results demonstrated that carotid IMT, AHI, plasma ET-1, and plasma TNF-α were significantly higher in patients with OSAHS than those in the control group (P<0.05); whereas LSaO2 and plasma NO levels were significantly higher in the control group (P<0.05). The degree to which these indices differed was associated with the severity of OSAHS. Furthermore, the carotid IMT of patients with OSAHS was significantly correlated with AHI (P=0.037), plasma ET-1 (P=0.001), plasma NO (P<0.001), BPV LF before retiring (P<0.001). Following CPAP treatment, the observation indices of patients with moderate or severe OSAHS improved significantly (P<0.01). These results support the use of CPAP to improve the significant vascular endothelial dysfunction, increased inflammatory response, and high blood pressure variability correlated with carotid atherosclerosis observed in patients with OSAHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qian Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Shan Xue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - You-Lin Ji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
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Qi J, Zheng JB, Ai WT, Yao XW, Liang L, Cheng G, Shou XL, Sun CF. Felodipine inhibits ox-LDL-induced reactive oxygen species production and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4871-4878. [PMID: 28791379 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) inhibit the development of atherosclerosis, although the underlying molecular basis has not been completely elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of felodipine, a CCB, on inflammation and oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to examine the underlying mechanisms of action. Oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (ox‑LDL) was used to induce an inflammatory response in HUVECs. The effects of felodipine were investigated by measuring the content of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), the mRNA and protein levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1) and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM‑1), and the mRNA levels of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), in addition to the adhesion ability of U937 cells to HUVECs. ROS and NO levels were significantly increased in HUVECs following 24‑h treatment with 25 mg/l ox‑LDL (P<0.01). The increase in ROS was reversed by treatment with felodipine. In addition, NO levels were increased following treatment with 1 µmol/l felodipine (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of ICAM‑1, VCAM‑1, eNOS and iNOS was increased (P<0.05). Administration of 0.1 µM felodipine significantly decreased the expression of ICAM‑1, VCAM‑1, and iNOS (P<0.05). The number of U937 cells adhered to ox‑LDL‑treated HUVECs was significantly increased compared with control, which was reversed by felodipine (0.1 µM). In conclusion, felodipine was demonstrated to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, suggesting that it may be used to treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Ai
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yao
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liang
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Ling Shou
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Feng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Oruc CU, Akpinar YE, Dervisoglu E, Amikishiyev S, Salmaslıoglu A, Gurdol F, Omer B. Low concentrations of adropin are associated with endothelial dysfunction as assessed by flow-mediated dilatation in patients with metabolic syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 55:139-144. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
In individuals with atherosclerotic risk factors, endothelial dysfunction (ED) appears as an early phase in the development of clinical symptoms. Recent studies indicate that adropin, a newly identified peptide, participates in cardiovascular health through the regulation of several metabolic events including angiogenesis and blood flow. In this study, we aimed to determine the relation of adropin with biochemical and radiologic parameters which reflect ED such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin 1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO) and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) along with the routine biochemical measurements in patients recently diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Methods:
Fasting blood samples from 110 patients with MetS diagnosed according to the NCEP ATP III-2005 criteria were collected to measure the concentrations of adropin and other parameters including the lipid profile, insulin and glucose. Serum NOx concentrations were determined by measuring NO2 plus NO3. FMD test was performed by ultrasonography, and patients were stratified as FMD (+) or (–). Data were compared between these two subgroups and also with matching healthy controls (n=50). Biochemical data were evaluated using Student’s t or Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results:
Fifty-nine subjects had ED (+) and the remaining 101 subjects were ED (–). In the first group, adropin levels were significantly lower than the latter (2.13±1.05 vs. 3.41±1.63 ng/mL, respectively; p<0.001) and independently associated with FMD positivity as assessed by the logistic regression analysis.
Conclusions:
Low adropin level in circulation is related to ED and has a close association with FMD. Any alterations in its level may be of help in order to assess the development of ED before the occurrence of clinical symptoms in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Ghebre YT, Yakubov E, Wong WT, Krishnamurthy P, Sayed N, Sikora AG, Bonnen MD. Vascular Aging: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease and Therapy. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (SUNNYVALE, CALIF.) 2016; 6:183. [PMID: 28932625 PMCID: PMC5602592 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1025.1000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease is highest among the elderly, in part, due to deleterious effects of advancing age on the heart and blood vessels. Aging, a known cardiovascular risk factor, is progressively associated with structural and functional changes to the vasculature including hemodynamic disturbance due to increased oxidative stress, premature cellular senescence and impairments in synthesis and/or secretion of endothelium-derived vasoactive molecules. These molecular and physiological changes lead to vessel wall stiffening and thickening, as well as other vascular complications that culminate to loss of vascular tone regulation and endothelial function. Intriguingly, the vessel wall, a biochemically active structure composed of collagen, connective tissue, smooth muscle and endothelial cells, is adversely affected by processes involved in premature or normal aging. Notably, the inner most layer of the vessel wall, the endothelium, becomes senescent and dysfunctional with advancing age. As a result, its ability to release vasoactive molecules such as acetylcholine (ACh), prostacyclin (PGI2), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), and nitric oxide (NO) is reduced and the cellular response to these molecules is also impaired. By contrast, the vascular endothelium increases its generation and release of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species, vasoconstrictors such as endothelin (ET) and angiotensin (AT), and endogenous inhibitors of NO synthases (NOSs) to block NO. This skews the balance of the endothelium in favor of the release of highly tissue reactive and harmful molecules that promote DNA damage, telomere erosion, senescence, as well as stiffened and hardened vessel wall that is prone to the development of hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular risk factors. This Review discusses the impact of advancing age on cardiovascular health, and highlights the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie age-associated vascular changes. In addition, the role of pharmacological interventions in preventing or delaying age-related cardiovascular disease is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes T Ghebre
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eduard Yakubov
- phaRNA Comprehensive RNA Technologies, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark D Bonnen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used drugs worldwide. They are used to treat a number of gastroesophageal disorders and are usually prescribed as a long-term medication or even taken without a prescription. There are a number of clinical studies that associate PPI use with an increased cardiovascular risk. In this article, we review the clinical evidence for adverse cardiovascular effects of PPIs, and we discuss possible biological mechanisms by which PPIs can impair cardiovascular health.
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