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Dondaine T, Philippot P, Batail JM, Le Jeune F, Sauleau P, Drapier S, Vérin M, Millet B, Drapier D, Robert G. Apathy alters emotional arousal in chronic schizophrenia. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019; 44:54-61. [PMID: 30565906 PMCID: PMC6306283 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.170172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Within the heterogeneity of schizophrenia, apathy constitutes an independent cluster of negative symptoms associated with poor outcomes. Attempts to identify an emotional deficit in patients who have schizophrenia with negative symptoms have yielded mixed results, and studies that focus on the relationship between apathy and emotional disorders are lacking. Methods We set out to remedy this shortcoming using a validated battery of film excerpts to induce positive and negative emotions in patients with chronic schizophrenia with (n = 20) or without (n = 20) apathy, and in controls (n = 20) comparable for age, sex and socioeconomic status. We assessed emotions using an innovative but validated technique to evaluate tonic and phasic electrodermal activity and subjective feelings using a standardized visual analogue scale. Results Using a qualitative measure of apathy, we did not find a specific decrease in tonic activity during the induction of positive emotions. However, we did observe that patients with apathy showed reduced tonic activity independent of valence (i.e., for both positive and negative emotions) compared with controls and patients without apathy. Moreover, the quantitative measure of apathy (Apathy Evaluation Scale) was the only significant factor, explaining 24% of the variance in tonic activity during induction of positive emotions after controlling for confounding factors. Limitations Electrodermal activity was the only physiologic measure we acquired. We induced several emotions sequentially that might have overlapped with each other, but we added an emotional “washout” period and randomized the order of each film excerpt to limit this possibility. Conclusion Taken together, these results suggest that apathy in schizophrenia could impair tonic activity during positive emotions. Treatments aimed at enhancing positive emotions may help alleviate apathy in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Dondaine
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Pierre Philippot
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Jean-Marie Batail
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Florence Le Jeune
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Paul Sauleau
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Sophie Drapier
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Marc Vérin
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Bruno Millet
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Dominique Drapier
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
| | - Gabriel Robert
- From the University Department of Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes, France (Batail, D. Drapier, Robert); University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, F-59000, Lille, France (Dondaine); Behaviour and Basal Ganglia Laboratory (EA 4712), University of Rennes, Rennes, France (Batail, Le Jeune, Sauleau, S. Drapier, Vérin, D. Drapier, Robert); Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France (Le Jeune); Neurophysiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (Sauleau); Movement Disorders Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France (S. Drapier, Vérin); Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (Millet); University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Philippot)
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