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Fiorito AM, Blasi G, Brunelin J, Chowdury A, Diwadkar VA, Goghari VM, Gur RC, Kwon JS, Quarto T, Rolland B, Spilka MJ, Wolf DH, Yun JY, Fakra E, Sescousse G. Blunted brain responses to neutral faces in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia: an image-based fMRI meta-analysis. Schizophrenia (Heidelb) 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38503766 PMCID: PMC10951276 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by the misattribution of emotional significance to neutral faces, accompanied by overactivations of the limbic system. To understand the disorder's genetic and environmental contributors, investigating healthy first-degree relatives is crucial. However, inconsistent findings exist regarding their ability to recognize neutral faces, with limited research exploring the cerebral correlates of neutral face processing in this population. Thus, we here investigated brain responses to neutral face processing in healthy first-degree relatives through an image-based meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. We included unthresholded group-level T-maps from 5 studies comprising a total of 120 first-degree relatives and 150 healthy controls. In sensitivity analyses, we ran a combined image- and coordinate-based meta-analysis including 7 studies (157 first-degree relatives, 207 healthy controls) aiming at testing the robustness of the results in a larger sample of studies. Our findings revealed a pattern of decreased brain responses to neutral faces in relatives compared with healthy controls, particularly in limbic areas such as the bilateral amygdala, hippocampus, and insula. The same pattern was observed in sensitivity analyses. These results contrast with the overactivations observed in patients, potentially suggesting that this trait could serve as a protective factor in healthy relatives. However, further research is necessary to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Fiorito
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, PSYR2, 69500, Bron, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France.
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Jérôme Brunelin
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, PSYR2, 69500, Bron, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Asadur Chowdury
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Vaibhav A Diwadkar
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Vina M Goghari
- Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tiziana Quarto
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, PSYR2, 69500, Bron, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | | | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eric Fakra
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, PSYR2, 69500, Bron, France
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, PSYR2, 69500, Bron, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
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Brevers D, Baeken C, Bechara A, He Q, Maurage P, Sescousse G, Vögele C, Billieux J. Increased ventral anterior insular connectivity to sports betting availability indexes problem gambling. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13389. [PMID: 38516877 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
With the advent of digital technologies, online sports betting is spurring a fast-growing expansion. In this study, we examined how sports betting availability modulates the brain connectivity of frequent sports bettors with [problem bettors (PB)] or without [non-problem bettors (NPB)] problematic sports betting. We conducted functional connectivity analyses centred on the ventral anterior insular cortex (vAI), a brain region playing a key role in the dynamic interplay between reward-based processes. We re-analysed a dataset on sports betting availability undertaken in PB (n = 30) and NPB (n = 35). Across all participants, we observed that sports betting availability elicited positive vAI coupling with extended clusters of brain activation (encompassing the putamen, cerebellum, occipital, temporal, precentral and central operculum regions) and negative vAI coupling with the orbitofrontal cortex. Between-group analyses showed increased positive vAI coupling in the PB group, as compared with the NPB group, in the left lateral occipital cortex, extending to the left inferior frontal gyrus, the anterior cingulate gyrus and the right frontal pole. Taken together, these results are in line with the central assumptions of triadic models of addictions, which posit that the insular cortex plays a pivotal role in promoting the drive and motivation to get a reward by 'hijacking' goal-oriented processes toward addiction-related cues. Taken together, these findings showed that vAI functional connectivity is sensitive not only to gambling availability but also to the status of problematic sport betting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Brevers
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Psychiatry, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Bechara
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center-INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claus Vögele
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Fiorito AM, Fakra E, Sescousse G, Ibrahim EC, Rey R. Molecular mapping of a core transcriptional signature of microglia-specific genes in schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:386. [PMID: 38092734 PMCID: PMC10719376 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides playing a central role in neuroinflammation, microglia regulate synaptic development and is involved in plasticity. Converging lines of evidence suggest that these different processes play a critical role in schizophrenia. Furthermore, previous studies reported altered transcription of microglia genes in schizophrenia, while microglia itself seems to be involved in the etiopathology of the disease. However, the regional specificity of these brain transcriptional abnormalities remains unclear. Moreover, it is unknown whether brain and peripheral expression of microglia genes are related. Thus, we investigated the expression of a pre-registered list of 10 genes from a core signature of human microglia both at brain and peripheral levels. We included 9 independent Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (764 samples obtained from 266 individuals with schizophrenia and 237 healthy controls) from 8 different brain regions and 3 peripheral tissues. We report evidence of a widespread transcriptional alteration of microglia genes both in brain tissues (we observed a decreased expression in the cerebellum, associative striatum, hippocampus, and parietal cortex of individuals with schizophrenia compared with healthy controls) and whole blood (characterized by a mixed altered expression pattern). Our results suggest that brain underexpression of microglia genes may represent a candidate transcriptional signature for schizophrenia. Moreover, the dual brain-whole blood transcriptional alterations of microglia/macrophage genes identified support the model of schizophrenia as a whole-body disorder and lend weight to the use of blood samples as a potential source of biological peripheral biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Fiorito
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Eric Fakra
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - El Chérif Ibrahim
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Rey
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France.
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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Li Y, Li X, Wang Z, Chen X, Sescousse G, Santtila P, Dai Y, Zhang B. Altered reward processing in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17539. [PMID: 37845325 PMCID: PMC10579392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that sexual behavior is usually pleasurable and highly rewarding, it is surprising that there is as yet no known research to empirically assess how premature ejaculation (PE) patients respond to the rewarding aspect of sexual behavior. This study was designed to address this issue by evaluating how these men respond to the anticipation and hedonic experience of sexual rewards in comparison to non-sexual rewards. Thirty lifelong PE patients and thirty healthy controls (HCs) performed the incentive delay task manipulating both erotic and monetary rewards. Compared to HCs, lifelong PE patients exhibited significantly faster RTs to erotic cues than to monetary cues during reward anticipation. Meanwhile, hedonic experience ratings after obtaining the actual reward showed that erotic rewards were rated as more pleasant than monetary rewards only by lifelong PE patients, which was driven by a decreased sensitivity to experienced monetary rewards in lifelong PE patients compared to HCs. These findings indicate the existence of dysfunctional reward processing in lifelong PE patients, which is characterized by increased incentive motivation elicited by sexual cues and reduced hedonic impact of nonsexual rewards. This study may offer an insightful clue regarding how PE is related to the abnormal regulation of the rewarding aspect of sexual behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Li
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Reward, Competition, and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaojun Li
- School of Teacher Education, NanJing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- Reward, Competition, and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Reward, Competition, and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center-INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, New York University (NYU) Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutian Dai
- Department of Andrology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Argote M, Sescousse G, Brunelin J, Baudin G, Schaub MP, Rabin R, Schnell T, Ringen PA, Andreassen OA, Addington JM, Brambilla P, Delvecchio G, Bechdolf A, Wobrock T, Schneider-Axmann T, Herzig D, Mohr C, Vila-Badia R, Rodie JU, Mallet J, Ricci V, Martinotti G, Knížková K, Rodriguez M, Cookey J, Tibbo P, Scheffler F, Asmal L, Garcia-Rizo C, Amoretti S, Huber C, Thibeau H, Kline E, Fakra E, Jardri R, Nourredine M, Rolland B. Association between cannabis use and symptom dimensions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: an individual participant data meta-analysis on 3053 individuals. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 64:102199. [PMID: 37731936 PMCID: PMC10507201 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between cannabis use and positive symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders is well documented, especially via meta-analyses. Yet, findings are inconsistent regarding negative symptoms, while other dimensions such as disorganization, depression, and excitement, have not been investigated. In addition, meta-analyses use aggregated data discarding important confounding variables which is a source of bias. Methods PubMed, ScienceDirect and PsycINFO were used to search for publications from inception to September 27, 2022. We contacted the authors of relevant studies to extract raw datasets and perform an Individual Participant Data meta-analysis (IPDMA). Inclusion criteria were: psychopathology of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); cannabis-users had to either have a diagnosis of cannabis use disorder or use cannabis at least twice a week. The main outcomes were the PANSS subscores extracted via the 3-factor (positive, negative and general) and 5-factor (positive, negative, disorganization, depression, excitement) structures. Preregistration is accessible via Prospero: ID CRD42022329172. Findings Among the 1149 identified studies, 65 were eligible and 21 datasets were shared, totaling 3677 IPD and 3053 complete cases. The adjusted multivariate analysis revealed that relative to non-use, cannabis use was associated with higher severity of positive dimension (3-factor: Adjusted Mean Difference, aMD = 0.34, 95% Confidence Interval, CI = [0.03; 0.66]; 5-factor: aMD = 0.38, 95% CI = [0.08; 0.63]), lower severity of negative dimension (3-factor: aMD = -0.49, 95% CI [-0.90; -0.09]; 5-factor: aMD = -0.50, 95% CI = [-0.91; -0.08]), higher severity of excitement dimension (aMD = 0.16, 95% CI = [0.03; 0.28]). No association was found between cannabis use and disorganization (aMD = -0.13, 95% CI = [-0.42; 0.17]) or depression (aMD = -0.14, 95% CI = [-0.34; 0.06]). Interpretation No causal relationship can be inferred from the current results. The findings could be in favor of both a detrimental and beneficial effect of cannabis on positive and negative symptoms, respectively. Longitudinal designs are needed to understand the role of cannabis is this association. The reported effect sizes are small and CIs are wide, the interpretation of findings should be taken with caution. Funding This research did not receive any specific grant or funding. Primary financial support for authors was provided by Le Vinatier Psychiatric Hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Argote
- PSYR, CNRL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, UCBL1, Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- PSYR, CNRL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, UCBL1, Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Jérôme Brunelin
- PSYR, CNRL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, UCBL1, Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Grégoire Baudin
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université Paris Cité, F-92100, France
| | - Michael Patrick Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Rabin
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Thomas Schnell
- Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petter Andreas Ringen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Andreas Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreas Bechdolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy und Psychosomatic, Vivantes Klinikum am Urban und Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, CCM, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Wobrock
- Centre for Mental Health, County Hospitals Darmstadt-Dieburg, Groß-Umstadt, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schneider-Axmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximillian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Herzig
- Clienia Littenheid AG, Psychiatrische Tagesklinik Frauenfeld, 8500, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Université de Lausanne, Institute of Psychology (IP), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Mohr
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Université de Lausanne, Institute of Psychology (IP), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Regina Vila-Badia
- Etiopathogenesis and Treatment of Severe Mental Disorders (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Judith Usall Rodie
- Etiopathogenesis and Treatment of Severe Mental Disorders (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jasmina Mallet
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris France, France
- AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Valerio Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Karolína Knížková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mabel Rodriguez
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Jacob Cookey
- Department of Psychiatry, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program, Nova Scotia Health Authority (Central Zone), Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Philip Tibbo
- Department of Psychiatry, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program, Nova Scotia Health Authority (Central Zone), Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Freda Scheffler
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Laila Asmal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Clemente Garcia-Rizo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Amoretti
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Huber
- Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken (UPK) Basel, Universität Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heather Thibeau
- Boston Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, United States of America
| | - Emily Kline
- Boston Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, United States of America
| | - Eric Fakra
- PSYR, CNRL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, UCBL1, Bron, France
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Renaud Jardri
- Lille University, Inserm U1172-LilNcog-Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Plasticity and Subjectivity Team, F-59000, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Fontan Hospital, Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Department & CURE Research Platform, Lille, France
| | - Mikail Nourredine
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service de biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Service hospitalo-universitaire de pharmacotoxicologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- PSYR, CNRL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, UCBL1, Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
- Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), HCL, CH Le Vinatier, Lyon, France
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Brevers D, Baeken C, De Smet S, Catoira B, De Witte S, He Q, Maurage P, Schulze-Steinen L, Sescousse G, Verde CV, Vögele C, Billieux J. Stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates brain cue reactivity to reward (un)availability. Cortex 2023; 164:51-62. [PMID: 37172533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Brain imaging studies have shown that stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), which plays a pivotal role in high-order cognitive control processes, modulates brain reactivity to reward-related cues. Nevertheless, the impact of contextual factors such as reward availability (the reward that is depicted in the cue exposure task) on such modulation effect remains unclear. Here we tested whether a single session of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) over the left dlPFC differently impacts brain reactivity to cues signalling either availability or unavailability of a sports betting opportunity. Employing a within-subject design (verum versus sham HF-rTMS) among thirty-two frequent sports bettors, we first observed that, as compared to the sham condition, verum HF-rTMS modulated brain reactivity to game cues prior to being made (un)available for betting, through simultaneous increases (posterior insula and caudate nucleus) and decreases (occipital pole) in brain activation. Second, verum HF-rTMS led to increased ventral striatal activity towards cues available for betting but did not modulate brain response to cues unavailable for betting. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that transient stimulation of the left dlPFC led to a general modulation in brain activity in responses to cues, and that this effect is only partly dependent on cues signalling for reward (un)availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Brevers
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Psychiatry University Hospital (UZBrussel), Brussels, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Beatriz Catoira
- Department of Psychiatry University Hospital (UZBrussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara De Witte
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing, China
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Laimi Schulze-Steinen
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center - INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claudia Vila Verde
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Claus Vögele
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Luquiens A, Guillou M, Giustiniani J, Barrault S, Caillon J, Delmas H, Achab S, Bento B, Billieux J, Brevers D, Brody A, Brunault P, Challet-Bouju G, Chóliz M, Clark L, Cornil A, Costes JM, Devos G, Díaz R, Estevez A, Grassi G, Hakansson A, Khazaal Y, King DL, Labrador F, Lopez-Gonzalez H, Newall P, Perales JC, Ribadier A, Sescousse G, Sharman S, Taquet P, Varescon I, Von Hammerstein C, Bonjour T, Romo L, Grall-Bronnec M. Author Correction: Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study). Sci Rep 2023; 13:3460. [PMID: 36859417 PMCID: PMC9977929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Luquiens
- Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France. .,CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| | - Morgane Guillou
- EA 7479 SPURBO, CHRU BREST, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest and Addictologie, Brest, France
| | | | - Servane Barrault
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141QualiPsy, EE 1901, Université de Tours, Tours, France ,grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Service d’Addictologie Universitaire, CSAPA-37, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Julie Caillon
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Helena Delmas
- grid.488406.60000 0000 9139 4930Pôle Addiction et Précarité, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Rennes, France
| | - Sophia Achab
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988WHO Collaborating Centre for Treatment and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Bento
- IAJ - Instituto de Apoio ao Jogador, Lda, Portugal
| | - Joël Billieux
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Addiction Medicine, Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Brevers
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Paul Brunault
- grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Service d’Addictologie Universitaire, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France ,grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France ,grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141QualiPsy, EE, Université de Tours, 1901 Tours, France
| | - Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XGambling and Technological Addictions Research Unit, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luke Clark
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychology, Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Aurélien Cornil
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Centre for Excessive Gambling, Université Catholique de Louvain, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaetan Devos
- grid.490655.bGrand Hôpital de Charleroi (GHdC), Charleroi, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPsychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,Scientific Research and Publication Cell (CRPS), Le Beau Vallon, Namur, Belgium ,grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Centre Hospitalier Le Domaine, ULB, Braine-L’Alleud, Belgium ,grid.420146.50000 0000 9479 661XService Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Rosa Díaz
- grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Estevez
- grid.14724.340000 0001 0941 7046University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Anders Hakansson
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Clinical Addiction Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Malmö Addiction Center, Lund University - Gambling Disorder Unit, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel L. King
- grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697College of Education, Psychology, & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Francisco Labrador
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Faculty of Information and Communication, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip Newall
- grid.1023.00000 0001 2193 0854CQUniversity, Bundaberg, Australia
| | - José C. Perales
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Experimental Psychology Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Aurélien Ribadier
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 - Equipe Qualipsy « Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique », Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Lyon Neuroscience Research Center—INSERM U1028—CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Stephen Sharman
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764National Addiction Centre, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Pierre Taquet
- grid.410463.40000 0004 0471 8845Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Department, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France ,grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780Univ. Lille, ULR, 4072 Lille, France ,PSITEC—Psychologie: Interactions Temps Émotions Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Varescon
- grid.5842.b0000 0001 2171 2558Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Cora Von Hammerstein
- grid.29172.3f0000 0001 2194 6418APEMAC, Équipe EPSAM, Université de Lorraine, 57000 Metz, France
| | - Thierry Bonjour
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- grid.7902.c0000 0001 2156 4014EA 4430 Clipsyd, University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
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8
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Fiorito AM, Aleman A, Blasi G, Bourque J, Cao H, Chan RCK, Chowdury A, Conrod P, Diwadkar VA, Goghari VM, Guinjoan S, Gur RE, Gur RC, Kwon JS, Lieslehto J, Lukow PB, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Modinos G, Quarto T, Spilka MJ, Shivakumar V, Venkatasubramanian G, Villarreal M, Wang Y, Wolf DH, Yun JY, Fakra E, Sescousse G. Are Brain Responses to Emotion a Reliable Endophenotype of Schizophrenia? An Image-Based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Meta-analysis. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:167-177. [PMID: 36085080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired emotion processing constitutes a key dimension of schizophrenia and a possible endophenotype of this illness. Empirical studies consistently report poorer emotion recognition performance in patients with schizophrenia as well as in individuals at enhanced risk of schizophrenia. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies also report consistent patterns of abnormal brain activation in response to emotional stimuli in patients, in particular, decreased amygdala activation. In contrast, brain-level abnormalities in at-risk individuals are more elusive. We address this gap using an image-based meta-analysis of the functional magnetic resonance imaging literature. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating brain responses to negative emotional stimuli and reporting a comparison between at-risk individuals and healthy control subjects were identified. Frequentist and Bayesian voxelwise meta-analyses were performed separately, by implementing a random-effect model with unthresholded group-level T-maps from individual studies as input. RESULTS In total, 17 studies with a cumulative total of 677 at-risk individuals and 805 healthy control subjects were included. Frequentist analyses did not reveal significant differences between at-risk individuals and healthy control subjects. Similar results were observed with Bayesian analyses, which provided strong evidence for the absence of meaningful brain activation differences across the entire brain. Region of interest analyses specifically focusing on the amygdala confirmed the lack of group differences in this region. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that brain activation patterns in response to emotional stimuli are unlikely to constitute a reliable endophenotype of schizophrenia. We suggest that future studies instead focus on impaired functional connectivity as an alternative and promising endophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Fiorito
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - André Aleman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Josiane Bourque
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hengyi Cao
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Asadur Chowdury
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Patricia Conrod
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vaibhav A Diwadkar
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Vina M Goghari
- Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Johannes Lieslehto
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paulina B Lukow
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael J Spilka
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Mirta Villarreal
- Instituto de Neurociencias FLENI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric Fakra
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
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9
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Hultman C, Vadlin S, Rehn M, Sescousse G, Nilsson KW, Åslund C. Autonomic responses during Gambling: the Effect of Outcome Type and Sex in a large community sample of young adults. J Gambl Stud 2023; 39:159-182. [PMID: 35397748 PMCID: PMC9981532 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-022-10118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Psychological theories consider autonomic arousal to be a reinforcer for problem gambling. Structural characteristics such as near-misses, which are non-win events that come close to a real win, have been shown to elicit win-like responses while increasing motivation and gambling persistence. This study investigated the autonomic and subjective responses of young adults to different gambling outcomes. This study also investigated sex differences in autonomic and subjective responses to different gambling outcomes.Participants from Sweden (n = 270) performed a computerized slot machine task that produced wins, near-misses (before and after payline) and full-misses. Phasic measurements of heart rate (HR) and skin conductance responses (SCR) were recorded during gambling performance and ratings of perceived chance of winning, pleasure and motivation to play were collected following each gambling outcome.Autonomic responses differed across slot machine outcomes as indicated by HR and SCR. Compared with other gambling outcomes, near-misses elicited the largest HR accelerations, and they also elicited larger HR decelerations and SCRs relative to full-misses. Near-misses before and after payline elicited differential psychophysiological responses and subjective reports, suggesting different emotional processing of near-miss subtypes. Females showed increased SCRs and motivation following win outcomes compared with males.In conclusion, wins, near-misses and full-misses generate differential physiological and subjective responses among young adults. Autonomic responses to wins differed between male and female players, emphasizing the need to consider sex differences when investigating the role of autonomic arousal in gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Hultman
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden.
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sofia Vadlin
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Mattias Rehn
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PSYR2 Team, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Kent W Nilsson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Åslund
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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Luquiens A, Guillou M, Giustiniani J, Barrault S, Caillon J, Delmas H, Achab S, Bento B, Billieux J, Brevers D, Brody A, Brunault P, Challet-Bouju G, Chóliz M, Clark L, Cornil A, Costes JM, Devos G, Díaz R, Estevez A, Grassi G, Hakansson A, Khazaal Y, King DL, Labrador F, Lopez-Gonzalez H, Newall P, Perales JC, Ribadier A, Sescousse G, Sharman S, Taquet P, Varescon I, Von Hammerstein C, Bonjour T, Romo L, Grall-Bronnec M. Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study). Sci Rep 2022; 12:22510. [PMID: 36581637 PMCID: PMC9800380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying the addictiveness of gambling products by laypeople. We conducted a three-step study: (1) use of a Delphi consensus method among 56 experts from 13 countries to reach a consensus on the 10 structural addictive characteristics of gambling products to be illustrated by pictograms and their associated definitions, (2) development of 10 pictograms and their definitions, and (3) study in the general population to assess the impact of exposure to the pictograms and their definitions (n = 900). French-speaking experts from the panel assessed the addictiveness of gambling products (n = 25), in which the mean of expert's ratings was considered as the true value. Participants were randomly provided with the pictograms and their definitions, or with a standard slogan, or with neither (control group). We considered the control group as representing the baseline ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products. Each group and the French-speaking experts rated the addictiveness of 14 gambling products. The judgment criterion was the intraclass coefficients (ICCs) between the mean ratings of each group and the experts, reflecting the level of agreement between each group and the experts. Exposure to the pictograms and their definition doubled the ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products compared with that of the group that read a slogan or the control group (ICC = 0.28 vs. 0.14 (Slogan) and 0.14 (Control)). Laypeople have limited awareness of the addictive characteristics of gambling products. The pictograms developed herein represent an innovative tool for universally empowering prevention and for selective prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Luquiens
- Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France. .,CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| | - Morgane Guillou
- EA 7479 SPURBO, CHRU BREST, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest and Addictologie, Brest, France
| | | | - Servane Barrault
- QualiPsy, EE 1901, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Service d'Addictologie Universitaire, CSAPA-37, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Julie Caillon
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Helena Delmas
- Pôle Addiction et Précarité, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Rennes, France
| | - Sophia Achab
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Treatment and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Bento
- IAJ - Instituto de Apoio ao Jogador, Lda, Portugal
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Addiction Medicine, Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Brevers
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Paul Brunault
- Service d'Addictologie Universitaire, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,QualiPsy, EE, Université de Tours, 1901, Tours, France
| | - Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- Gambling and Technological Addictions Research Unit, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luke Clark
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aurélien Cornil
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.,Centre for Excessive Gambling, Université Catholique de Louvain, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaetan Devos
- Grand Hôpital de Charleroi (GHdC), Charleroi, Belgium.,Psychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Scientific Research and Publication Cell (CRPS), Le Beau Vallon, Namur, Belgium.,Centre Hospitalier Le Domaine, ULB, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium.,Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier, 69500, Bron, France
| | - Rosa Díaz
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Anders Hakansson
- Clinical Addiction Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Malmö Addiction Center, Lund University - Gambling Disorder Unit, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez
- Faculty of Information and Communication, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José C Perales
- Department of Experimental Psychology Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Aurélien Ribadier
- Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 - Equipe Qualipsy « Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique », Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center-INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Pierre Taquet
- Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Department, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France.,Univ. Lille, ULR, 4072, Lille, France.,PSITEC-Psychologie: Interactions Temps Émotions Cognition, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Varescon
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | | | - Thierry Bonjour
- Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- EA 4430 Clipsyd, University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
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11
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Argote M, Sescousse G, Brunelin J, Fakra E, Nourredine M, Rolland B. Association between formal thought disorder and cannabis use: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr 2022; 8:78. [PMID: 36175509 PMCID: PMC9523063 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFormal thought disorder (FTD) is a multidimensional syndrome mainly occurring along the psychosis continuum. Cannabis use is known to increase symptoms of psychosis, particularly positive symptoms. However, the impact of cannabis use on FTD in individuals presenting symptoms along the psychosis continuum remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a meta-analysis examining the association between cannabis use and FTD in those individuals. We hypothesized that cannabis would worsen FTD. We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar databases up to July 2022. The results were collated through a random-effects model using the statistical software R. Reference lists of included studies were searched for additional relevant publications. Nineteen studies were included, totalling 1840 cannabis users and 3351 non-cannabis users. The severity of FTD was found to be higher in cannabis users (SMD = 0.21, 95%CI [0.12–0.29], p = 0.00009). Subgroup analyses revealed that FTD severity was increased among cannabis users, regardless of the disorder severity: healthy individuals (SMD = 0.19, 95%CI [0.05–0.33], p = 0.02); patients with first-episode psychosis (SMD = 0.21, 95%CI [0.01–0.41], p = 0.04); patients with schizophrenia (SMD = 0.25, 95%CI [0.11–0.38], p = 0.005). Between-group differences were not significant. In line with its already known effect on positive symptoms in psychosis, cannabis use appears to be associated with increased FTD severity all along the psychosis continuum. Future research should consider potential confounding variables such as other substance use disorders and explore how FTD dimensions are impacted by cannabis use.
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12
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Dieleman J, Sescousse G, Kleinjan M, Otten R, Luijten M. Investigating the association between smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure and reward-related brain activity in adolescent experimental smokers. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13070. [PMID: 34263512 PMCID: PMC9285048 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reduced anticipatory reward‐related activity, especially in the ventral striatum (VS), may underly adolescent vulnerability to develop nicotine dependence. It remains unclear whether nicotine uptake caused by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, known to be associated with future smoking, might prompt similar changes in the brain's reward system, rendering adolescents vulnerable for development of nicotine dependence. To address this question, we tested whether current ETS exposure and monthly smoking are associated with VS hypoactivity for non‐drug rewards in experimental smoking adolescents. One‐hundred adolescents performed a monetary incentive delay task while brain activity was measured using fMRI. To test the hypothesized relationship, we used a variety of approaches: (1) a whole‐brain voxel‐wise approach, (2) an region‐of‐interest approach in the VS using frequentist and Bayesian statistics and (3) a small volume voxel‐wise approach across the complete striatum. The results converged in revealing no significant relationships between monthly smoking, ETS exposure and reward‐related brain activation across the brain or in the (ventral) striatum specifically. However, Bayesian statistics showed only anecdotal evidence for the null hypothesis in the VS, providing limited insight into the (non‐)existence of the hypothesized relationship. Based on these results, we speculate that blunted VS reward‐related activity might only occur after relatively high levels of exposure or might be associated with more long term effects of smoking. Future studies would benefit from even larger sample sizes to reliably distinguish between the null and alternative models, as well as more objective measures of (environmental) smoking via using devices such as silicone wristbands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Dieleman
- Department of Jeugd Trimbos Institute Utrecht Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands
| | | | - Marloes Kleinjan
- Department of Jeugd Trimbos Institute Utrecht Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Social Sciences Utrecht University Netherlands
| | - Roy Otten
- Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands
- Pluryn Research and Development Nijmegen Netherlands
- Arizona State University REACH Institute Tempe Arizona USA
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands
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13
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Draps M, Sescousse G, Wilk M, Obarska K, Szumska I, Żukrowska W, Majkowska A, Kowalewska E, Szymanowska J, Hamerska U, Trybuś M, Golec K, Adamska I, Szymczak K, Gola M. An empirical study of affective and cognitive functions in Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:657-674. [PMID: 34550905 PMCID: PMC8997196 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite the inclusion of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in the International Classification of Diseases, very little is known about the underlying affective and cognitive processes. To fill this gap, we compared CSBD subjects and Healthy-Controls (HC) across negative/positive valence, cognitive and sensorimotor systems, as proposed by the Research Domain Criteria framework. METHODS 74 heterosexual CSBD and 66 matched HC males were studied with 10 questionnaires and 8 behavioral tasks. Analyses were conducted with frequent and Bayesian statistics. RESULTS CSBD individuals showed significantly higher (than HC) punishment sensitivity, anxiety, depression, compulsivity, and impulsivity symptoms. Frequentist statistical analysis revealed significant interaction between subject group and condition in Incentive Delay Task, concerning the strength of motivation and hedonic value of erotic rewards. Bayesian analysis produced evidence for the absence of group differences in Facial Discrimination Task, Risk-Ambiguity Task, and Learning Task. Also, Bayesian methods provided evidence for group differences in the Emotional Stroop Task and the Incentive Delay Task. Sexual Discounting Task, Attentional Network Task, and Stop Signal Task produced mixed results. CONCLUSIONS Higher punishment sensitivity and impulsivity among CSBD subjects, along with significant interaction between these groups and erotic vs. non-erotic reward processing is in line with previous findings on negative/positive valence alterations in CSBD patients. This result shows that there are similarities to substance and behavioral addictions. The absence of group differences and mixed results related to cognitive and sensorimotor systems raise concerns to what extent CSBD resembles a wide spectrum of impairments observed in disorders, and demand further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Draps
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland,Corresponding author. Tel.: +48 (22) 583 13 80/81. E-mail:
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, The National Center for Scientific Research and The National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Lyon, France
| | - Mateusz Wilk
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Izabela Szumska
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Ewelina Kowalewska
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Urszula Hamerska
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magda Trybuś
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Golec
- Faculty of Psychology, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Karol Szymczak
- Institute of Psychology, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Gola
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland,Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
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14
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Meyer GM, Marco-Pallarés J, Boulinguez P, Sescousse G. Electrophysiological underpinnings of reward processing: Are we exploiting the full potential of EEG? Neuroimage 2021; 242:118478. [PMID: 34403744 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how the brain processes reward is an important and complex endeavor, which has involved the use of a range of complementary neuroimaging tools, including electroencephalography (EEG). EEG has been praised for its high temporal resolution but, because the signal recorded at the scalp is a mixture of brain activities, it is often considered to have poor spatial resolution. Besides, EEG data analysis has most often relied on event-related potentials (ERPs) which cancel out non-phase locked oscillatory activity, thus limiting the functional discriminative power of EEG attainable through spectral analyses. Because these three dimensions -temporal, spatial and spectral- have been unequally leveraged in reward studies, we argue that the full potential of EEG has not been exploited. To back up our claim, we first performed a systematic survey of EEG studies assessing reward processing. Specifically, we report on the nature of the cognitive processes investigated (i.e., reward anticipation or reward outcome processing) and the methods used to collect and process the EEG data (i.e., event-related potential, time-frequency or source analyses). A total of 359 studies involving healthy subjects and the delivery of monetary rewards were surveyed. We show that reward anticipation has been overlooked (88% of studies investigated reward outcome processing, while only 24% investigated reward anticipation), and that time-frequency and source analyses (respectively reported by 19% and 12% of the studies) have not been widely adopted by the field yet, with ERPs still being the dominant methodology (92% of the studies). We argue that this focus on feedback-related ERPs provides a biased perspective on reward processing, by ignoring reward anticipation processes as well as a large part of the information contained in the EEG signal. Finally, we illustrate with selected examples how addressing these issues could benefit the field, relying on approaches combining time-frequency analyses, blind source separation and source localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garance M Meyer
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U 1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France
| | - Josep Marco-Pallarés
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Spain
| | - Philippe Boulinguez
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U 1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France.
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U 1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France
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15
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Brevers D, Baeken C, Bechara A, He Q, Maurage P, Petieau M, Sescousse G, Vögele C, Billieux J. Increased brain reactivity to gambling unavailability as a marker of problem gambling. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12996. [PMID: 35394691 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented development and ubiquity of sports betting constitute an emerging public health concern. It is crucial to provide markers that could help to better identify people experiencing sports betting-related harms. The current study investigated whether problem gambling status, sports betting passion, and trait-self-control modulate brain reactivity to sports betting cues. Sixty-five frequent sports bettors (35 "nonproblem bettors" and 30 "problem bettors") were exposed to cues representing real upcoming sport events (with varying levels of winning confidence) that were made available or blocked for betting, during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recording. Sports betting passion and trait-self-control were assessed using self-report scales. Sport events nonavailable for betting elicited higher insular and striatal activation in problem bettors, as compared with nonproblem bettors. Within a large cluster encompassing the ventral striatum, hippocampus, and amygdala, lower trait-self-control was associated with increased brain reactivity to sport events with high levels of winning confidence that were nonavailable for betting. No significant effect of sports betting passion was observed. These findings suggest that sports bettors' brain reactivity to gambling unavailability might be a relevant marker of sports betting-related harms, as well as of blunted trait-self-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Brevers
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences University of Luxembourg Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Psychiatry University Hospital UZ Brussel Brussels Belgium
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University Hospital Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Bechara
- Department of Psychology University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology Southwest University Chongqing China
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute UCLouvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Mathieu Petieau
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Erasme Campus Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center—INSERM U1028—CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team University of Lyon Lyon France
| | - Claus Vögele
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences University of Luxembourg Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV) Lausanne Switzerland
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16
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Mas-Herrero E, Maini L, Sescousse G, Zatorre RJ. Common and distinct neural correlates of music and food-induced pleasure: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 123:61-71. [PMID: 33440196 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have shown that, despite the abstractness of music, it may mimic biologically rewarding stimuli (e.g., food) in its ability to engage the brain's reward circuitry. However, due to the lack of research comparing music and other types of reward, it is unclear to what extent the recruitment of reward-related structures overlaps among domains. To achieve this goal, we performed a coordinate-based meta-analysis of 38 neuroimaging studies (703 subjects) comparing the brain responses specifically to music and food-induced pleasure. Both engaged a common set of brain regions, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, and insula. Yet, comparative analyses indicated a partial dissociation in the engagement of the reward circuitry as a function of the type of reward, as well as additional reward type-specific activations in brain regions related to perception, sensory processing, and learning. These results support the idea that hedonic reactions rely on the engagement of a common reward network, yet through specific routes of access depending on the modality and nature of the reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Mas-Herrero
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Larissa Maini
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center - INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Robert J Zatorre
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montreal, QC, Canada.
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17
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Brolsma SCA, Vassena E, Vrijsen JN, Sescousse G, Collard RM, van Eijndhoven PF, Schene AH, Cools R. Negative Learning Bias in Depression Revisited: Enhanced Neural Response to Surprising Reward Across Psychiatric Disorders. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2020; 6:280-289. [PMID: 33082119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior work has proposed that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a specific cognitive bias: patients with depression seem to learn more from punishment than from reward. This learning bias has been associated with blunting of reward-related neural responses in the striatum. A key question is whether negative learning bias is also present in patients with MDD and comorbid disorders and whether this bias is specific to depression or shared across disorders. METHODS We employed a transdiagnostic approach assessing a heterogeneous group of (nonpsychotic) psychiatric patients from the MIND-Set (Measuring Integrated Novel Dimensions in Neurodevelopmental and Stress-Related Mental Disorders) cohort with and without MDD but also with anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and/or autism (n = 66) and healthy control subjects (n = 24). To investigate reward and punishment learning, we employed a deterministic reversal learning task with functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS In contrast to previous studies, patients with MDD did not exhibit impaired reward learning or reduced reward-related neural activity anywhere in the brain. Interestingly, we observed consistently increased neural responses in the bilateral lateral prefrontal cortex of patients when they received a surprising reward. This increase was not specific to MDD, but generalized to anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. Critically, increased prefrontal activity to surprising reward scaled with transdiagnostic symptom severity, particularly that associated with concentration and attention, as well as the number of diagnoses; patients with more comorbidities showed a stronger prefrontal response to surprising reward. CONCLUSIONS Prefrontal enhancement may reflect compensatory working memory recruitment, possibly to counteract the inability to swiftly update reward expectations. This neural mechanism may provide a candidate transdiagnostic index of psychiatric severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C A Brolsma
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Eliana Vassena
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Janna N Vrijsen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Depression Expertise Centre, Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Lyon, France
| | - Rose M Collard
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Phillip F van Eijndhoven
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aart H Schene
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roshan Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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18
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Pignon B, Sescousse G, Rolland B. Different Associations Between Alcohol Use Disorders and Psychotic Symptoms According to Underlying Psychiatric Disorders: The Need for Replication Studies. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 55:455. [PMID: 32383451 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Pignon
- AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil 94000, France.,INSERM, U955, team 15, Créteil, 94000, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, 94000, France.,UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil, 94000, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, 94000, France.,UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil, 94000, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, 94000, France.,UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil, 94000, France
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19
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Groefsema MM, Engels RC, Voon V, Schellekens AF, Luijten M, Sescousse G. Brain responses to anticipating and receiving beer: Comparing light, at-risk, and dependent alcohol users. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12766. [PMID: 31066137 PMCID: PMC7187239 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Impaired brain processing of alcohol‐related rewards has been suggested to play a central role in alcohol use disorder. Yet, evidence remains inconsistent and mainly originates from studies in which participants passively observe alcohol cues or taste alcohol. Here, we designed a protocol in which beer consumption was predicted by incentive cues and contingent on instrumental action closer to real life situations. We predicted that anticipating and receiving beer (compared with water) would elicit activity in the brain reward network and that this activity would correlate with drinking level across participants. The sample consisted of 150 beer‐drinking males, aged 18 to 25 years. Three groups were defined based on alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) scores: light drinkers (n = 39), at‐risk drinkers (n = 64), and dependent drinkers (n = 47). fMRI measures were obtained while participants engaged in the beer incentive delay task involving beer‐ and water‐predicting cues followed by real sips of beer or water. During anticipation, outcome notification and delivery of beer compared with water, higher activity was found in a reward‐related brain network including the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and amygdala. Yet, no activity was observed in the striatum, and no differences were found between the groups. Our results reveal that anticipating, obtaining, and tasting beer activates parts of the brain reward network, but that these brain responses do not differentiate between different drinking levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine M. Groefsema
- Executive BoardRadboud University, Behavioural Science Institute Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | - Valerie Voon
- Cambridge University, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute Cambridge United Kingdom
| | | | - Maartje Luijten
- Executive BoardRadboud University, Behavioural Science Institute Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team Lyon France
- CH Le Vinatier, Service Universitaire d'Addictologie Bron France
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20
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Perales JC, King DL, Navas JF, Schimmenti A, Sescousse G, Starcevic V, van Holst RJ, Billieux J. Learning to lose control: A process-based account of behavioral addiction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 108:771-780. [PMID: 31846653 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Learning psycho(bio)logy has developed a solid corpus of evidence and theory regarding behavior control modes. The present article briefly reviews that literature and its influence on recent models in which the transition from goal-directed to compulsive behavior is identified as the main process underlying substance use disorders. This literature is also relevant to non-substance addictive disorders, and serves as basis to propose a restricted definition of behavioral addiction relying on the presence of behavior-specific compulsivity. Complementarily, we consider whether some activities can become disordered while remaining mostly goal-driven. Based on reinforcement learning models, relative outcome utility computation is proposed as an alternative mechanism through which dysfunctional behaviors (even not qualifying as addictive) can override adaptive ones, causing functional impairment. Beyond issues of conceptual delimitation, recommendations are made regarding the importance of identifying individual etiological pathways to dysregulated behavior, the necessity of accurately profiling at-risk individuals, and the potential hazards of symptom-based diagnosis. In our view, the validity of these recommendations does not depend on the position one takes in the nosological debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Perales
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Mind Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, & Social Work, Flinders University, Australia
| | - Juan F Navas
- Department of Basic Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain; Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Spain.
| | | | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center - INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, France
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Nepean Clinical School, Discipline of Psychiatry, Australia
| | - Ruth J van Holst
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Netherlands
| | - Joël Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab. Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Pignon B, Sescousse G, Amad A, Benradia I, Vaiva G, Thomas P, Geoffroy PA, Roelandt JL, Rolland B. Alcohol Use Disorder Is Differently Associated With Psychotic Symptoms According To Underlying Psychiatric Disorders: A General Population Study. Alcohol Alcohol 2019; 55:112-120. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Psychotic symptoms can occur in the general population, and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is an identified vulnerability factor. However, it remains unclear how AUD is associated with psychotic symptoms, depending on the underlying psychiatric condition.
We aimed to compare the prevalence of psychotic symptoms among subjects with different types of psychiatric disorders, i.e. unipolar or bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders or no psychiatric disorder, depending on whether or not there was an underlying AUD.
Methods
In a 38,694-subject general population study, we compared the likelihood of occurrence of seven types of psychotic symptoms, depending on the AUD status and the underlying psychiatric disorders, after adjustment for age, sex, marital status, education and income levels.
Results
In unipolar depression and anxiety disorders, almost all types of psychotic symptoms were found associated with AUD (odds ratios (ORs) between 1.98 and 2.19). In contrast, in bipolar disorder, only auditory hallucinations were associated with AUD (OR = 2.50). In psychotic disorders, only thought broadcasting was more frequent among subjects with AUD (OR = 1.78).
Conclusion
Our findings in depression and anxiety disorders are in line with the ‘dual diagnosis’ concept, which posits that comorbid psychiatric/addictive disorders form distinctive entities that are more frequently associated with non-specific severity factors, here psychotic symptoms. The co-occurrence of AUD in bipolar/psychotic disorders was not associated with a generalized increased occurrence of psychotic symptoms but altered their manifestations with an increased risk of auditory hallucinations for bipolar disorder and thought broadcasting for psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Pignon
- AP-HP, DHU PePSY, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie; Inserm, U955, Team 15; Fondation FondaMental and UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de médecine, 51 avenue du Maréchal Delattre de Tassigny, 94000 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier; Univ Lyon, UCBL, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, CRNL, PSYR2, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron F-69500, France
| | - Ali Amad
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193-PsyCHIC-SCALab, & CHU Lille, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, Lille F-59000, France
- Fédération Régionale de Recherche en Santé Mentale (F2RSM) Hauts-de-France, rue André Verhaeghe, Lille F-59000, France
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, 16 De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, UK
| | - Imane Benradia
- EPSM Lille Métropole; Centre Collaborateur de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé Mentale; Équipe Eceve Inserm UMR 1123, 211 rue Roger Salengro, F-59 260 Hellemmes, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193-PsyCHIC-SCALab, & CHU Lille, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, Lille F-59000, France
- Fédération Régionale de Recherche en Santé Mentale (F2RSM) Hauts-de-France, rue André Verhaeghe, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Pierre Thomas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193-PsyCHIC-SCALab, & CHU Lille, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, Lille F-59000, France
- Fédération Régionale de Recherche en Santé Mentale (F2RSM) Hauts-de-France, rue André Verhaeghe, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Pierre A Geoffroy
- Inserm, U1144, F-75006; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1144, F-75013; AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 200 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, F-75475, Paris cedex 10 75475 and Fondation FondaMental, Créteil 94000, France
| | - Jean-Luc Roelandt
- EPSM Lille Métropole; Centre Collaborateur de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé Mentale; Équipe Eceve Inserm UMR 1123, 211 rue Roger Salengro, F-59 260 Hellemmes, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier; Univ Lyon, UCBL, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, CRNL, PSYR2, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron F-69500, France
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22
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Groefsema MM, Mies GW, Cousijn J, Engels RCME, Sescousse G, Luijten M. Brain responses and approach bias to social alcohol cues and their association with drinking in a social setting in young adult males. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:1491-1503. [PMID: 31498505 PMCID: PMC7155040 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol is mainly consumed in social settings, in which people often adapt their drinking behaviour to that of others, also called imitation of drinking. Yet, it remains unclear what drives this drinking in a social setting. In this study, we expected to see stronger brain and behavioural responses to social compared to non-social alcohol cues, and these responses to be associated with drinking in a social setting. The sample consisted of 153 beer-drinking males, aged 18-25 years. Brain responses to social alcohol cues were measured during an alcohol cue-exposure task performed in an fMRI scanner. Behavioural responses to social alcohol cues were measured using a stimulus-response compatibility task, providing an index of approach bias towards these cues. Drinking in a social setting was measured in a laboratory mimicking a bar environment. Specific brain responses to social alcohol cues were observed in the bilateral superior temporal sulcus and the left inferior parietal lobe. There was no approach bias towards social alcohol cues specifically; however, we did find an approach bias towards alcohol (versus soda) cues in general. Brain responses and approach bias towards social alcohol cues were unrelated and not associated with actual drinking. Thus, we found no support for a relation between drinking in a social setting on the one hand, and brain cue-reactivity or behavioural approach biases to social alcohol cues on the other hand. This suggests that, in contrast to our hypothesis, drinking in a social setting may not be driven by brain or behavioural responses to social alcohol cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine M Groefsema
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabry W Mies
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, Lyon, France.,CH Le Vinatier, Service Universitaire d'Addictologie, Bron, France
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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23
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Li Y, Wang Z, Boileau I, Dreher JC, Gelskov S, Genauck A, Joutsa J, Kaasinen V, Perales JC, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Ruiz de Lara CM, Siebner HR, van Holst RJ, van Timmeren T, Sescousse G. Altered orbitofrontal sulcogyral patterns in gambling disorder: a multicenter study. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:186. [PMID: 31383841 PMCID: PMC6683128 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gambling disorder is a serious psychiatric condition characterized by decision-making and reward processing impairments that are associated with dysfunctional brain activity in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). However, it remains unclear whether OFC functional abnormalities in gambling disorder are accompanied by structural abnormalities. We addressed this question by examining the organization of sulci and gyri in the OFC. This organization is in place very early and stable across life, such that OFC sulcogyral patterns (classified into Types I, II, and III) can be regarded as potential pre-morbid markers of pathological conditions. We gathered structural brain data from nine existing studies, reaching a total of 165 individuals with gambling disorder and 159 healthy controls. Our results, supported by both frequentist and Bayesian statistics, show that the distribution of OFC sulcogyral patterns is skewed in individuals with gambling disorder, with an increased prevalence of Type II pattern compared with healthy controls. Examination of gambling severity did not reveal any significant relationship between OFC sulcogyral patterns and disease severity. Altogether, our results provide evidence for a skewed distribution of OFC sulcogyral patterns in gambling disorder and suggest that pattern Type II might represent a pre-morbid structural brain marker of the disease. It will be important to investigate more closely the functional implications of these structural abnormalities in future work.
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Grants
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- Yansong Li was also supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (010914380002)
- Jean-Claude Dreher was supported by “LABEX ANR-11-LABEX-0042” of Université de Lyon within the program Investissements d’Avenir (ANR-11-IDEX-007) operated by the French National Research Agency and by a grant from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Grant No. DPA20140629796).
- Sofie Gelskov was supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research in Social Sciences through a grant to Thomas Ramsøy (“Decision Neuroscience Project”; Grant No. 0601-01361B) and by the Lundbeck Foundation through a Grant of Exellence to Hartwig R Siebner (“ContAct”; Grant No. R59 A5399).
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
- Juho Joutsa was supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant No. 295580), the Finnish Medical Foundation, and the Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies.
- Valtteri Kaasinen was supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant No. 256836) and the Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies.
- José C. Perales was supported by a grant from the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación; Convocatoria 2017 de Proyectos I+D de Excelencia, Spain; co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER, European Union; Grant No. PSI2017-85488-P).
- Nina Romanczuk-Seiferth was supported by a research grant by the Senatsverwaltung für Gesundheit und Soziales, Berlin, Germany (Grant No. 002-2008/ I B 35)
- Cristian M. Ruiz de Lara was supported by a grant from the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación; Convocatoria 2017 de Proyectos I+D de Excelencia, Spain; co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER, European Union; Grant No. PSI2017-85488-P).
- Hartwig R Siebner was supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research in Social Sciences through a grant to Thomas Ramsøy (“Decision Neuroscience Project”; Grant No. 0601-01361B) and by the Lundbeck Foundation through a Grant of Exellence to Hartwig R Siebner (“ContAct”; Grant No. R59 A5399).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Li
- Competition, Status and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zixiang Wang
- Competition, Status and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Isabelle Boileau
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute and Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Dreher
- 'Neuroeconomics Laboratory, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS UMR 5229, Bron, France
| | - Sofie Gelskov
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Alexander Genauck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juho Joutsa
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Valtteri Kaasinen
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - José C Perales
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Nina Romanczuk-Seiferth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cristian M Ruiz de Lara
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Hartwig R Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruth J van Holst
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim van Timmeren
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center - INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.
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24
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De Ternay J, Naassila M, Nourredine M, Louvet A, Bailly F, Sescousse G, Maurage P, Cottencin O, Carrieri PM, Rolland B. Therapeutic Prospects of Cannabidiol for Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol-Related Damages on the Liver and the Brain. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:627. [PMID: 31214036 PMCID: PMC6554654 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural component of cannabis that possesses a widespread and complex immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anxiolytic, and antiepileptic properties. Much experimental data suggest that CBD could be used for various purposes in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-related damage on the brain and the liver. Aim: To provide a rationale for using CBD to treat human subjects with AUD, based on the findings of experimental studies. Methods: Narrative review of studies pertaining to the assessment of CBD efficiency on drinking reduction, or on the improvement of any aspect of alcohol-related toxicity in AUD. Results: Experimental studies find that CBD reduces the overall level of alcohol drinking in animal models of AUD by reducing ethanol intake, motivation for ethanol, relapse, anxiety, and impulsivity. Moreover, CBD reduces alcohol-related steatosis and fibrosis in the liver by reducing lipid accumulation, stimulating autophagy, modulating inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and by inducing death of activated hepatic stellate cells. Finally, CBD reduces alcohol-related brain damage, preventing neuronal loss by its antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Conclusions: CBD could directly reduce alcohol drinking in subjects with AUD. Any other applications warrant human trials in this population. By reducing alcohol-related steatosis processes in the liver, and alcohol-related brain damage, CBD could improve both hepatic and neurocognitive outcomes in subjects with AUD, regardless of the individual's drinking trajectory. This might pave the way for testing new harm reduction approaches in AUD, in order to protect the organs of subjects with an ongoing AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia De Ternay
- Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Bron, France
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, INSERM UMR 1247, Groupe de Recherche sur l’Alcool & les Pharmacodépendances, Amiens, France
| | | | - Alexandre Louvet
- Service des maladies de l’appareil digestif, CHU Lille, Universitéde Lille and INSERM U995, Lille, France
| | - François Bailly
- Service d’Addictologie et d’Hépatologie, GHN, HCL, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Université de Lyon, UCBL, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2, Bron, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olivier Cottencin
- CHU de Lille, Université Lille, service d’addictologie, CNRS, UMR 9193, SCALab, équipe psyCHIC, Lille, France
| | - Patrizia Maria Carrieri
- INSERM, UMR_S 912, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de l’Information Médicale (SESSTIM), Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, UCBL, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2, Bron, France
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25
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Meyer GM, Spay C, Laurencin C, Ballanger B, Sescousse G, Boulinguez P. Functional imaging studies of Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's disease need a stronger neurocognitive footing. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 98:164-176. [PMID: 30639672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with dopaminergic dysfunction and treatment, but have no satisfactory therapeutic solution. While studies assessing the neurofunctional bases of ICDs are important for advancing our understanding and management of ICDs, they remain sparse and inconsistent. Based on a systematic analysis of the neuroimaging literature, the present review pinpoints various abnormalities beyond the mesocorticolimbic circuit that supports reward processing, suggesting possible dysfunction at the sensorimotor, executive and affective levels. We advocate that: 1) Future studies should use more sophisticated psychological models and behavioral designs that take into account the potentially multifaceted aspect of ICDs; this would allow a more accurate assessment of the underlying neurocognitive processes, which are not all dependent on the dopaminergic system. 2) Future neuroimaging studies should rely more strongly on task-based, event-related analyses to disentangle the various mechanisms that can be dysfunctional in ICDs. We believe these guidelines constitute a prerequisite towards distinguishing causes, correlates and individual susceptibility factors of PD patients with ICDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garance M Meyer
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, U 1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, Action Control and Related Disorders team, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Spay
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, U 1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, Action Control and Related Disorders team, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Laurencin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, U 1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, Neuroplasticity and Neuropathology of Olfactory Perception team, F-69000, Lyon, France; Service de Neurologie C, Centre Expert Parkinson, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre, Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Ballanger
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, U 1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, Neuroplasticity and Neuropathology of Olfactory Perception team, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, U 1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, PsyR2 team, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Boulinguez
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, U 1028, CNRS, UMR 5292, Action Control and Related Disorders team, F-69000, Lyon, France.
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26
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Lew-Starowicz M, Wordecha M, Sescousse G, Potenza M, Wypych M, Marchewka A, Gola M. 119 Reward processing – related orbitofrontal reactivity alterations in patients suffering from problematic pornography use. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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van Holst RJ, Sescousse G, Janssen LK, Janssen M, Berry AS, Jagust WJ, Cools R. Increased Striatal Dopamine Synthesis Capacity in Gambling Addiction. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:1036-1043. [PMID: 28728675 PMCID: PMC6698370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothesis that dopamine plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pathological gambling is pervasive. However, there is little to no direct evidence for a categorical difference between pathological gamblers and healthy control subjects in terms of dopamine transmission in a drug-free state. Here we provide evidence for this hypothesis by comparing dopamine synthesis capacity in the dorsal and ventral parts of the striatum in 13 pathological gamblers and 15 healthy control subjects. METHODS This was achieved using [18F]fluoro-levo-dihydroxyphenylalanine dynamic positron emission tomography scans and striatal regions of interest that were hand-drawn based on visual inspection of individual structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. RESULTS Our results show that dopamine synthesis capacity was increased in pathological gamblers compared with healthy control subjects. Dopamine synthesis was 16% higher in the caudate body, 17% higher in the dorsal putamen, and 17% higher in the ventral striatum in pathological gamblers compared with control subjects. Moreover, dopamine synthesis capacity in the dorsal putamen and caudate head was positively correlated with gambling distortions in pathological gamblers. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results provide empirical evidence for increased striatal dopamine synthesis in pathological gambling.
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28
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Ruiz de Lara CM, Navas JF, Soriano-Mas C, Sescousse G, Perales JC. Regional grey matter volume correlates of gambling disorder, gambling-related cognitive distortions, and emotion-driven impulsivity. International Gambling Studies 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2018.1448427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian M. Ruiz de Lara
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada , Granada, Spain
- Mind, Brain, and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada , Granada, Spain
| | - Juan F. Navas
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada , Granada, Spain
- Mind, Brain, and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada , Granada, Spain
| | - Carles Soriano-Mas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL , Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Carlos III Health Institute , Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University , Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - José C. Perales
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada , Granada, Spain
- Mind, Brain, and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada , Granada, Spain
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29
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Sescousse G, Ligneul R, van Holst RJ, Janssen LK, de Boer F, Janssen M, Berry AS, Jagust WJ, Cools R. Spontaneous eye blink rate and dopamine synthesis capacity: preliminary evidence for an absence of positive correlation. Eur J Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29514419 PMCID: PMC5969266 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is central to a number of cognitive functions and brain disorders. Given the cost of neurochemical imaging in humans, behavioural proxy measures of dopamine have gained in popularity in the past decade, such as spontaneous eye blink rate (sEBR). Increased sEBR is commonly associated with increased dopamine function based on pharmacological evidence and patient studies. Yet, this hypothesis has not been validated using in vivo measures of dopamine function in humans. To fill this gap, we measured sEBR and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity using [18F]DOPA PET in 20 participants (nine healthy individuals and 11 pathological gamblers). Our results, based on frequentist and Bayesian statistics, as well as region‐of‐interest and voxel‐wise analyses, argue against a positive relationship between sEBR and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity. They show that, if anything, the evidence is in favour of a negative relationship. These results, which complement findings from a recent study that failed to observe a relationship between sEBR and dopamine D2 receptor availability, suggest that caution and nuance are warranted when interpreting sEBR in terms of a proxy measure of striatal dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Romain Ligneul
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth J van Holst
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieneke K Janssen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Femke de Boer
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Social, Health, and Organizational Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Janssen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne S Berry
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - William J Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roshan Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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30
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Timmer MHM, Sescousse G, Esselink RAJ, Piray P, Cools R. Mechanisms Underlying Dopamine-Induced Risky Choice in Parkinson's Disease With and Without Depression (History). Comput Psychiatr 2018; 2:11-27. [PMID: 30090860 PMCID: PMC6067829 DOI: 10.1162/cpsy_a_00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are often treated with dopaminergic medication. Dopaminergic medication is known to improve both motor and certain nonmotor symptoms, such as depression. However, it can contribute to behavioral impairment, for example, by enhancing risky choice. Here we characterize the computational mechanisms that contribute to dopamine-induced changes in risky choice in PD patients with and without a depression (history). We adopt a clinical–neuroeconomic approach to investigate the effects of dopaminergic medication on specific components of risky choice in PD. Twenty-three healthy controls, 21 PD patients with a depression (history), and 22 nondepressed PD patients were assessed using a well-established risky choice paradigm. Patients were tested twice: once after taking their normal dopaminergic medication and once after withdrawal of their medication. Dopaminergic medication increased a value-independent gambling propensity in nondepressed PD patients, while leaving loss aversion unaffected. By contrast, dopaminergic medication effects on loss aversion were associated with current depression severity and with drug effects on depression scores. The present findings demonstrate that dopaminergic medication increases a value-independent gambling bias in nondepressed PD patients. Moreover, the current study raises the hypothesis that dopamine-induced reductions in loss aversion might underlie previously observed comorbidity between depression and medication-related side effects in PD, such as impulse control disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique H M Timmer
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Centre, and Parkinson Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne A J Esselink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Centre, and Parkinson Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Payam Piray
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Roshan Cools
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Beal C, Sescousse G, Chassain C, Ulla M, Marques A, Vitello N, Pereira B, Durif F, Fantini M. Abnormal activity in the reward system in Parkinson's disease patients with rapid eye movements sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common and debilitating non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying depression in PD are unclear and treatment is often suboptimal. METHODS We investigated the role of striatal dopamine in reversal learning from reward and punishment by combining a controlled medication withdrawal procedure with functional magnetic resonance imaging in 22 non-depressed PD patients and 19 PD patients with past or present depression. RESULTS PD patients with a depression (history) exhibited impaired reward v. punishment reversal learning as well as reduced reward v. punishment-related BOLD signal in the striatum (putamen) compared with non-depressed PD patients. No effects of dopaminergic medication were observed. CONCLUSIONS The present findings demonstrate that impairments in reversal learning from reward v. punishment and associated striatal signalling depend on the presence of (a history of) depression in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H M Timmer
- Donders Institute for Brain,Cognition and Behaviour,Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging,Radboud University,Nijmegen,The Netherlands
| | - G Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain,Cognition and Behaviour,Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging,Radboud University,Nijmegen,The Netherlands
| | - M E van der Schaaf
- Donders Institute for Brain,Cognition and Behaviour,Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging,Radboud University,Nijmegen,The Netherlands
| | - R A J Esselink
- Department of Neurology and Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC),Radboud University Medical Center,Nijmegen,The Netherlands
| | - R Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain,Cognition and Behaviour,Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging,Radboud University,Nijmegen,The Netherlands
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Gola M, Wordecha M, Sescousse G, Lew-Starowicz M, Kossowski B, Wypych M, Makeig S, Potenza MN, Marchewka A. Can Pornography be Addictive? An fMRI Study of Men Seeking Treatment for Problematic Pornography Use. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:2021-2031. [PMID: 28409565 PMCID: PMC5561346 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pornography consumption is highly prevalent, particularly among young adult males. For some individuals, problematic pornography use (PPU) is a reason for seeking treatment. Despite the pervasiveness of pornography, PPU appears under-investigated, including with respect to the underlying neural mechanisms. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined ventral striatal responses to erotic and monetary stimuli, disentangling cue-related 'wanting' from reward-related 'liking' among 28 heterosexual males seeking treatment for PPU and 24 heterosexual males without PPU. Subjects engaged in an incentive delay task in the scanner, in which they received erotic or monetary rewards preceded by predictive cues. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses to erotic and monetary cues were analyzed and examined with respect to self-reported data on sexual activity collected over the 2 preceding months. Men with and without PPU differed in their striatal responses to cues predicting erotic pictures but not in their responses to erotic pictures. PPU subjects when compared with control subjects showed increased activation of ventral striatum specifically for cues predicting erotic pictures but not for cues predicting monetary gains. Relative sensitivity to cues predicting erotic pictures vs monetary gains was significantly related to the increased behavioral motivation to view erotic images (suggestive of higher 'wanting'), severity of PPU, amount of pornography use per week, and number of weekly masturbations. Our findings suggest that, similar to what is observed in substance and gambling addictions, the neural and behavioral mechanisms associated with the anticipatory processing of cues specifically predicting erotic rewards relate importantly to clinically relevant features of PPU. These findings suggest that PPU may represent a behavioral addiction and that interventions helpful in targeting behavioral and substance addictions warrant consideration for adaptation and use in helping men with PPU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gola
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wordecha
- Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michał Lew-Starowicz
- III Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kossowski
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Wypych
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Scott Makeig
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Child Study Center and the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Child Study Center and the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Artur Marchewka
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Schellekens AF, Luijten M, Sescousse G. Are There Differences in Disruptions of Reward Processing Between Substance Use Disorder and Gambling Disorder?-Reply. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74:760-761. [PMID: 28593251 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnt F Schellekens
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen Institute for Scientist Practitioners in Addiction, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Criaud M, Longcamp M, Anton JL, Nazarian B, Roth M, Sescousse G, Strafella AP, Ballanger B, Boulinguez P. Testing the physiological plausibility of conflicting psychological models of response inhibition: A forward inference fMRI study. Behav Brain Res 2017. [PMID: 28647596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms underlying response inhibition and related disorders are unclear and controversial for several reasons. First, it is a major challenge to assess the psychological bases of behaviour, and ultimately brain-behaviour relationships, of a function which is precisely intended to suppress overt measurable behaviours. Second, response inhibition is difficult to disentangle from other parallel processes involved in more general aspects of cognitive control. Consequently, different psychological and anatomo-functional models coexist, which often appear in conflict with each other even though they are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The standard model of response inhibition in go/no-go tasks assumes that inhibitory processes are reactively and selectively triggered by the stimulus that participants must refrain from reacting to. Recent alternative models suggest that action restraint could instead rely on reactive but non-selective mechanisms (all automatic responses are automatically inhibited in uncertain contexts) or on proactive and non-selective mechanisms (a gating function by which reaction to any stimulus is prevented in anticipation of stimulation when the situation is unpredictable). Here, we assessed the physiological plausibility of these different models by testing their respective predictions regarding event-related BOLD modulations (forward inference using fMRI). We set up a single fMRI design which allowed for us to record simultaneously the different possible forms of inhibition while limiting confounds between response inhibition and parallel cognitive processes. We found BOLD dynamics consistent with non-selective models. These results provide new theoretical and methodological lines of inquiry for the study of basic functions involved in behavioural control and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Criaud
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, Bron, France; Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Unit & E.J. Safra Parkinson Disease Program, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marieke Longcamp
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, CNRS UMR 7291 & Aix-Marseille Université, France
| | - Jean-Luc Anton
- Centre IRMf de Marseille, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR7289 & Aix- Marseille Université, France
| | - Bruno Nazarian
- Centre IRMf de Marseille, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR7289 & Aix- Marseille Université, France
| | - Muriel Roth
- Centre IRMf de Marseille, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR7289 & Aix- Marseille Université, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio P Strafella
- Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Unit & E.J. Safra Parkinson Disease Program, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour - Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute, UHN, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Ballanger
- INSERM, U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, Bron, France
| | - Philippe Boulinguez
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France; Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, Bron, France.
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Batalla A, Homberg JR, Lipina TV, Sescousse G, Luijten M, Ivanova SA, Schellekens AFA, Loonen AJM. The role of the habenula in the transition from reward to misery in substance use and mood disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:276-285. [PMID: 28576510 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The habenula (Hb) is an evolutionary well-conserved structure located in the epithalamus. The Hb receives inputs from the septum, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex, and projects to several midbrain centers, most importantly the inhibitory rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) and the excitatory interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), which regulate the activity of midbrain monoaminergic nuclei. The Hb is postulated to play a key role in reward and aversion processing across species, including humans, and to be implicated in the different stages of transition from recreational drug intake to addiction and co-morbid mood disorders. The Hb is divided into two anatomically and functionally distinct nuclei, the lateral (LHb) and the medial (MHb), which are primarily involved in reward-seeking (LHb) and misery-fleeing (MHb) behavior by controlling the RMTg and IPN, respectively. This review provides a neuroanatomical description of the Hb, discusses preclinical and human findings regarding its role in the development of addiction and co-morbid mood disorders, and addresses future directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Batalla
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Reinier Postlaan 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Nijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, Toernooiveld 5, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tatiana V Lipina
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Timakova 4, 630117, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleutskaya street 4, 634014, Tomsk, Russian Federation; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue, 30, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Arnt F A Schellekens
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Reinier Postlaan 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Nijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, Toernooiveld 5, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anton J M Loonen
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands; GGZ Westelijk Noord-Brabant, Hoofdlaan 8, 4661AA, Halsteren, The Netherlands.
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Luijten M, Schellekens AF, Kühn S, Machielse MWJ, Sescousse G. Disruption of Reward Processing in Addiction : An Image-Based Meta-analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74:387-398. [PMID: 28146248 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Disrupted reward processing, mainly driven by striatal dysfunction, is a key characteristic of addictive behaviors. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported conflicting results, with both hypoactivations and hyperactivations during anticipation and outcome notification of monetary rewards in addiction. OBJECTIVE To determine the nature and direction of reward-processing disruptions during anticipation and outcome notification of monetary rewards in individuals with addiction using image-based meta-analyses of fMRI studies. DATA SOURCES Relevant publications were identified searching PubMed (inclusion until March 2015) using the following terms: reward, fMRI, substance use, cocaine, cannabis, opiates, alcohol, nicotine, smokers, gambling, gamblers, gaming, and gamers. Authors of included articles were contacted to obtain statistical fMRI maps. STUDY SELECTION Inclusion criteria: reward task involving monetary reward anticipation and/or outcome; participants showing addictive behaviors; and healthy control group. Exclusion criteria: participants aged younger than 18 years; recreational substance use or gambling; participants at risk for addictive behaviors; and studies using the same patient data as other included studies. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Study procedures were conducted in accordance with the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Using Seed-based d Mapping software, meta-analyses were performed using random-effect nonparametric statistics with group whole brain T-maps from individual studies as input. Analyses were performed across all addictions and for substance and gambling addictions separately. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Group differences (individuals with addiction vs control individuals) in reward-related brain activation during reward anticipation and outcome using fMRI (planned before data collection). RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included in the meta-analysis, representing 643 individuals with addictive behaviors and 609 healthy control individuals. During reward anticipation, individuals with substance and gambling addictions showed decreased striatal activation compared with healthy control individuals. During reward outcome, individuals with substance addiction showed increased activation in the ventral striatum, whereas individuals with gambling addiction showed decreased activation in the dorsal striatum compared with healthy control individuals. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Striatal hypoactivation in individuals with addiction during reward anticipation and in individuals with gambling addiction during reward outcome is in line with the reward-deficiency theory of addiction. However, the combination of hypoactivation during reward anticipation and hyperactivation during reward outcome in the striatum of individuals with substance addiction may be explained using learning-deficit theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arnt F Schellekens
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen Institute for Scientist Practitioners in Addiction, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Kühn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Beal C, Sescousse G, Ulla M, Carine C, Marques A, Vitello N, Fantini ML. Exploration du système de récompense en IRM fonctionnelle chez des patients parkinsoniens avec ou sans trouble comportemental en sommeil paradoxal. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.01.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gola M, Wordecha M, Marchewka A, Sescousse G. Visual Sexual Stimuli-Cue or Reward? A Perspective for Interpreting Brain Imaging Findings on Human Sexual Behaviors. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:402. [PMID: 27574507 PMCID: PMC4983547 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing number of neuroimaging studies using visual sexual stimuli (VSS), especially within the emerging field of research on compulsive sexual behaviors (CSB). A central question in this field is whether behaviors such as excessive pornography consumption share common brain mechanisms with widely studied substance and behavioral addictions. Depending on how VSS are conceptualized, different predictions can be formulated within the frameworks of Reinforcement Learning or Incentive Salience Theory, where a crucial distinction is made between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli (related to reward anticipation vs. reward consumption, respectively). Surveying 40 recent human neuroimaging studies we show existing ambiguity about the conceptualization of VSS. Therefore, we feel that it is important to address the question of whether VSS should be considered as conditioned stimuli (cue) or unconditioned stimuli (reward). Here we present our own perspective, which is that in most laboratory settings VSS play a role of reward, as evidenced by: (1) experience of pleasure while watching VSS, possibly accompanied by genital reaction; (2) reward-related brain activity correlated with these pleasurable feelings in response to VSS; (3) a willingness to exert effort to view VSS similarly as for other rewarding stimuli such as money; and (4) conditioning for cues predictive of VSS. We hope that this perspective article will initiate a scientific discussion on this important and overlooked topic and increase attention for appropriate interpretations of results of human neuroimaging studies using VSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gola
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San DiegoSan Diego, CA, USA; Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wordecha
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of SciencesWarsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of SciencesWarsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Marchewka
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gola
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0559, Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Science, 00-378 Warsaw, Poland, and
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0559
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bonnefond
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6500, Netherlands
| | | | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6500, Netherlands
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Abstract
Although most people consider gambling as a recreational activity, some individuals lose control over their behavior and enter a spiral of compulsive gambling leading to dramatic consequences. In its most severe form, pathological gambling is considered a behavioral addiction sharing many similarities with substance addiction. A number of neurobiological hypotheses have been investigated in the past ten years, relying mostly on neuroimaging techniques. Similarly to substance addiction, a number of observations indicate a central role for dopamine in pathological gambling. However, the underlying mechanism seems partly different and is still poorly understood. Neuropsychological studies have shown decision-making and behavioral inhibition deficits in pathological gamblers, likely reflecting frontal lobe dysfunction. Finally, functional MRI studies have revealed abnormal reactivity within the brain reward system, including the striatum and ventro-medial prefrontal cortex. These regions are over-activated by gambling cues, and under-activated by monetary gains. However, the scarcity and heterogeneity of brain imaging studies currently hinder the development of a coherent neurobiological model of pathological gambling. Further replications of results and diversification of approaches will be needed in the coming years in order to strengthen our current model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sescousse
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Kapittelweg 29 Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Pays-Bas
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Sescousse G. [Not Available]. Bull Acad Natl Med 2014; 198:1309-1325. [PMID: 27120904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although most people consider gambling as a recreational activity, some individuals lose control and enter into a spiral of compulsive gambling with dramatic consequences. The many similarities with substance addiction have led psychiatrists to redefine pathological gambling as a behavioural addiction. A number of neurobiological hypotheses originating from this framework have been tested in the past ten years, in particular using neuroimaging. Similarly to substance addiction, a number of observations indicate a central role for dopamine in pathological gambling. However the underlying mechanism seems to be different and is still poorly understood. Neuropsychological studies have shown decision-making deficits in pathological gamblers, accompanied by a lack of inhibition and cognitive flexibility. This disruption of so-called "executive functions" is typical of frontal lobe dysfunction. Finally, functional MRI studies have revealed abnormal reactivity within the brain regions of the " reward system ", including the striatum and ventro-medial prefrontal cortex. These regions are over-activated by gambling cues, and under-activated by monetary gains. However, the scarcity and heterogeneity of brain imaging studies currently hinders the development of a coherent neurobiological model of pathological gambling. Further replications and diversification of approaches will be needed in the coming years in order to produce such a model that will have the ability to inform prevention and treatment strategies.
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Sescousse G, Li Y, Dreher JC. A common currency for the computation of motivational values in the human striatum. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 10:467-73. [PMID: 24837478 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reward comparison in the brain is thought to be achieved through the use of a 'common currency', implying that reward value representations are computed on a unique scale in the same brain regions regardless of the reward type. Although such a mechanism has been identified in the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum in the context of decision-making, it is less clear whether it similarly applies to non-choice situations. To answer this question, we scanned 38 participants with fMRI while they were presented with single cues predicting either monetary or erotic rewards, without the need to make a decision. The ventral striatum was the main brain structure to respond to both cues while showing increasing activity with increasing expected reward intensity. Most importantly, the relative response of the striatum to monetary vs erotic cues was correlated with the relative motivational value of these rewards as inferred from reaction times. Similar correlations were observed in a fronto-parietal network known to be involved in attentional focus and motor readiness. Together, our results suggest that striatal reward value signals not only obey to a common currency mechanism in the absence of choice but may also serve as an input to adjust motivated behaviour accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sescousse
- Reward and decision making group, Cognitive Neuroscience Centre, CNRS, 69675 Bron (Lyon), France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yansong Li
- Reward and decision making group, Cognitive Neuroscience Centre, CNRS, 69675 Bron (Lyon), France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France Reward and decision making group, Cognitive Neuroscience Centre, CNRS, 69675 Bron (Lyon), France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Claude Dreher
- Reward and decision making group, Cognitive Neuroscience Centre, CNRS, 69675 Bron (Lyon), France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France Reward and decision making group, Cognitive Neuroscience Centre, CNRS, 69675 Bron (Lyon), France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Li Y, Sescousse G, Dreher JC. Endogenous cortisol levels are associated with an imbalanced striatal sensitivity to monetary versus non-monetary cues in pathological gamblers. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:83. [PMID: 24723862 PMCID: PMC3971166 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological gambling is a behavioral addiction characterized by a chronic failure to resist the urge to gamble. It shares many similarities with drug addiction. Glucocorticoid hormones including cortisol are thought to play a key role in the vulnerability to addictive behaviors, by acting on the mesolimbic reward pathway. Based on our previous report of an imbalanced sensitivity to monetary versus non-monetary incentives in the ventral striatum of pathological gamblers (PGs), we investigated whether this imbalance was mediated by individual differences in endogenous cortisol levels. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and examined the relationship between cortisol levels and the neural responses to monetary versus non-monetary cues, while PGs and healthy controls were engaged in an incentive delay task manipulating both monetary and erotic rewards. We found a positive correlation between cortisol levels and ventral striatal responses to monetary versus erotic cues in PGs, but not in healthy controls. This indicates that the ventral striatum is a key region where cortisol modulates incentive motivation for gambling versus non-gambling related stimuli in PGs. Our results extend the proposed role of glucocorticoid hormones in drug addiction to behavioral addiction, and help understand the impact of cortisol on reward incentive processing in PGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Li
- Reward and Decision Making Team, Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, CNRS, UMR 5229 Lyon, France ; Neuroscience Department, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Reward and Decision Making Team, Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, CNRS, UMR 5229 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Claude Dreher
- Reward and Decision Making Team, Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, CNRS, UMR 5229 Lyon, France ; Neuroscience Department, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
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Clark L, Averbeck B, Payer D, Sescousse G, Winstanley CA, Xue G. Pathological choice: the neuroscience of gambling and gambling addiction. J Neurosci 2013; 33:17617-23. [PMID: 24198353 PMCID: PMC3858640 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3231-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gambling is pertinent to neuroscience research for at least two reasons. First, gambling is a naturalistic and pervasive example of risky decision making, and thus gambling games can provide a paradigm for the investigation of human choice behavior and "irrationality." Second, excessive gambling involvement (i.e., pathological gambling) is currently conceptualized as a behavioral addiction, and research on this condition may provide insights into addictive mechanisms in the absence of exogenous drug effects. This article is a summary of topics covered in a Society for Neuroscience minisymposium, focusing on recent advances in understanding the neural basis of gambling behavior, including translational findings in rodents and nonhuman primates, which have begun to delineate neural circuitry and neurochemistry involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Averbeck
- Laboratory for Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Doris Payer
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 HP Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catharine A. Winstanley
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada, and
| | - Gui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China 100875
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Sescousse G, Barbalat G, Domenech P, Dreher JC. Imbalance in the sensitivity to different types of rewards in pathological gambling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 136:2527-38. [PMID: 23757765 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pathological gambling is an addictive disorder characterized by a persistent and compulsive desire to engage in gambling activities. This maladaptive behaviour has been suggested to result from a decreased sensitivity to experienced rewards, regardless of reward type. Alternatively, pathological gambling might reflect an imbalance in the sensitivity to monetary versus non-monetary incentives. To directly test these two hypotheses, we examined how the brain reward circuit of pathological gamblers responds to different types of rewards. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we compared the brain responses of 18 pathological gamblers and 20 healthy control subjects while they engaged in a simple incentive task manipulating both monetary and visual erotic rewards. During reward anticipation, the ventral striatum of pathological gamblers showed a differential response to monetary versus erotic cues, essentially driven by a blunted reactivity to cues predicting erotic stimuli. This differential response correlated with the severity of gambling symptoms and was paralleled by a reduced behavioural motivation for erotic rewards. During reward outcome, a posterior orbitofrontal cortex region, responding to erotic rewards in both groups, was further recruited by monetary gains in pathological gamblers but not in control subjects. Moreover, while ventral striatal activity correlated with subjective ratings assigned to monetary and erotic rewards in control subjects, it only correlated with erotic ratings in gamblers. Our results point to a differential sensitivity to monetary versus non-monetary rewards in pathological gambling, both at the motivational and hedonic levels. Such an imbalance might create a bias towards monetary rewards, potentially promoting addictive gambling behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sescousse
- Reward and Decision-Making Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Centre, CNRS, 69675 Bron (Lyon), France
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Sescousse G, Caldú X, Segura B, Dreher JC. Processing of primary and secondary rewards: A quantitative meta-analysis and review of human functional neuroimaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:681-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological gambling (PG) is an impulse control disorder characterized by excessive monetary risk seeking in the face of negative consequences. We used tools from the field of behavioral economics to refine our description of risk-taking behavior in pathological gamblers. This theoretical framework allowed us to confront two hypotheses: (1) pathological gamblers distort winning probabilities more than controls; and (2) pathological gamblers merely overweight the whole probability range. Method Eighteen pathological gamblers and 20 matched healthy participants performed a decision-making task involving choices between safe amounts of money and risky gambles. The online adjustment of safe amounts, depending on participants' decisions, allowed us to compute 'certainty equivalents' reflecting the subjective probability weight associated with each gamble. The behavioral data were then fitted with a mathematical function known as the 'probability weighting function', allowing us to disentangle our two hypotheses. RESULTS The results favored the second hypothesis, suggesting that pathological gamblers' behavior reflects economic preferences globally shifted towards risk, rather than excessively distorted probability weighting. A mathematical parameter (elevation parameter) estimated by our fitting procedure was found to correlate with gambling severity among pathological gamblers, and with gambling affinity among controls. CONCLUSIONS PG is associated with a specific pattern of economic preferences, characterized by a global (i.e. probability independent) shift towards risky options. The observed correlation with gambling severity suggests that the present 'certainty equivalent' task may be relevant for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ligneul
- Reward and Decision-Making Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, CNRS, Bron, France, University of Lyon I
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Sescousse G, Redouté J, Dreher JC. The architecture of reward value coding in the human orbitofrontal cortex. J Neurosci 2010; 30:13095-104. [PMID: 20881127 PMCID: PMC6633499 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3501-10.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To ensure their survival, animals exhibit a number of reward-directed behaviors, such as foraging for food or searching for mates. This suggests that a core set of brain regions may be shared by many species to process different types of rewards. Conversely, many new brain areas have emerged over the course of evolution, suggesting potential specialization of specific brain regions in the processing of more recent rewards such as money. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans, we identified the common and distinct brain systems processing the value of erotic stimuli and monetary gains. First, we provide evidence that a set of neural structures, including the ventral striatum, anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and midbrain, encodes the subjective value of rewards regardless of their type, consistent with a general hedonic representation. More importantly, our results reveal reward-specific representations in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC): whereas the anterior lateral OFC, a phylogenetically recent structure, processes monetary gains, the posterior lateral OFC, phylogenetically and ontogenetically older, processes more basic erotic stimuli. This dissociation between OFC representations of primary and secondary rewards parallels current views on lateral prefrontal cortex organization in cognitive control, suggesting an increasing trend in complexity along a postero-anterior axis according to more abstract representations. Together, our results support a modular view of reward value coding in the brain and propose that a unifying principle of postero-anterior organization can be applied to the OFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sescousse
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Reward and Decision-Making Group, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5229, 69675 Bron, France
- Université Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France, and
| | - Jérôme Redouté
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Reward and Decision-Making Group, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5229, 69675 Bron, France
- Université Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France, and
- CERMEP–Imagerie du Vivant, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Claude Dreher
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Reward and Decision-Making Group, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5229, 69675 Bron, France
- Université Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France, and
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