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Bajwa NM, Perron NJ, Braillard O, Achab S, Hudelson P, Dao MD, Lüchinger R, Mazouri-Karker S. Has telemedicine come to fruition? Parents' and pediatricians' perceptions and preferences regarding telemedicine. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03172-w. [PMID: 38555380 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03172-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telemedicine has increasingly become a viable option for patient care and may increase access to care. The aim of our study was to evaluate both parent and pediatrician perceptions, preferences, and acceptability regarding the use of different telemedicine modalities. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of both parents and pediatricians in Geneva, Switzerland in 2021. The questionnaire focused on digital literacy, preferences, acceptability, advantages, and disadvantages regarding telemedicine (phone, email, video, and instant message). Descriptive statistics and comparisons of preferences and perceptions (Pearson Chi2 and logistic regression) were performed. RESULTS Two hundred and twenty-two parents and 45 pediatricians participated. After face-to-face consultations, parents and pediatricians preferred the phone for simple medical advice, discussion of parameters, acute or chronic problems, and psychological support. Email was preferred for communication of results and prescription renewal. Main reasons for using telemedicine were avoiding travel and saving time. Disadvantages were lack of physical examination, technical problems, and unsuitability of the reason for consultation. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the factors that influence acceptance and satisfaction with telemedicine is vital for its successful implementation. Convenience, quality of care, trust, strong pediatrician-parent relationships, technical reliability, user-friendliness, and privacy considerations play significant roles in shaping parent and pediatrician attitudes toward telemedicine. IMPACT The COVID-19 pandemic spurred the expansion of the use of telemedicine in pediatric care. Few studies have addressed parent and pediatrician perceptions and preferences regarding telemedicine. Both parents and pediatricians consider certain telemedicine modalities (phone, email, video, and instant message) pertinent in only specific clinical situations. Advantages of telemedicine outweigh disadvantages with parents and pediatricians appreciating the increased access to care, time savings, and avoiding transport. However, the lack of a physical examination remains a significant disadvantage. Convenience, quality of care, trust, strong pediatrician-parent relationship, technical reliability, user-friendliness, and privacy considerations play significant roles in shaping attitudes towards telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Bajwa
- Department of General Pediatrics at the Children's Hospital, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Noelle Junod Perron
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Medical Directorate, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Braillard
- Primary Care Division, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Clinical and Sociological Research Unit, WHO Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Mental Health, Geneva, Switzerland
- Treatment Centre ReConnecte, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Hudelson
- Primary Care Division, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Melissa Dominicé Dao
- Primary Care Division, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robin Lüchinger
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sanae Mazouri-Karker
- E-health and Telemedicine Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Ekhtiari H, Khojasteh Zonoozi A, Rafei P, Abolghasemi FS, Pemstein D, Abdelgawad T, Achab S, Ghafri HA, Al’Absi M, Bisch M, Conti AA, Ambekar A, Arunogiri S, Bhad R, Bilici R, Brady K, Bunt G, Busse A, Butner JL, Danesh A, El-Khoury J, Omari FE, Jokūbonis D, de Jong C, Dom G, Ebrahimi M, Fathi Jouzdani A, Ferri M, Galea-Singer S, Parker DG, Higuchi S, Kathiresan P, Khelifa E, Kouimtsidis C, Krupitsky EM, Long J, Maremmani I, McGovern G, Mohaddes Ardabili H, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rataemane ST, Sangchooli A, Sibeko G, Vella AM, Vista SBD, Zare-Bidoky M, Zhao M, Javed A, Potenza MN, Baldacchino AM. World addiction medicine reports: formation of the International Society of Addiction Medicine Global Expert Network (ISAM-GEN) and its global surveys. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1230318. [PMID: 38528974 PMCID: PMC10961370 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1230318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Addiction medicine is a dynamic field that encompasses clinical practice and research in the context of societal, economic, and cultural factors at the local, national, regional, and global levels. This field has evolved profoundly during the past decades in terms of scopes and activities with the contribution of addiction medicine scientists and professionals globally. The dynamic nature of drug addiction at the global level has resulted in a crucial need for developing an international collaborative network of addiction societies, treatment programs and experts to monitor emerging national, regional, and global concerns. This protocol paper presents methodological details of running longitudinal surveys at national, regional, and global levels through the Global Expert Network of the International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM-GEN). The initial formation of the network with a recruitment phase and a round of snowball sampling provided 354 experts from 78 countries across the globe. In addition, 43 national/regional addiction societies/associations are also included in the database. The surveys will be developed by global experts in addiction medicine on treatment services, service coverage, co-occurring disorders, treatment standards and barriers, emerging addictions and/or dynamic changes in treatment needs worldwide. Survey participants in categories of (1) addiction societies/associations, (2) addiction treatment programs, (3) addiction experts/clinicians and (4) related stakeholders will respond to these global longitudinal surveys. The results will be analyzed and cross-examined with available data and peer-reviewed for publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ekhtiari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Arash Khojasteh Zonoozi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parnian Rafei
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience (TCIN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fateme Sadat Abolghasemi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Dan Pemstein
- Political Science and Public Policy & Challey Institute, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | | | - Sophia Achab
- Faculty of Medicine, Sociological and Psychological Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hamad Al Ghafri
- National Rehabilitation Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mustafa Al’Absi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Michaël Bisch
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d’Adultes et d’Addictologie du Grand Nancy, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou, France
| | - Aldo Alberto Conti
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Atul Ambekar
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Arunogiri
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roshan Bhad
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rabia Bilici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, Istanbul Ticaret University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Kathleen Brady
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Gregory Bunt
- School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Anja Busse
- Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation Section, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Jenna L. Butner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ahmad Danesh
- Division of Prevention Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Fatima El Omari
- Faculty of Medicine, University Mohammed Vth of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Darius Jokūbonis
- Republican Center for Addictive Disorders, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Cor de Jong
- Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Geert Dom
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohsen Ebrahimi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Fathi Jouzdani
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marica Ferri
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susanna Galea-Singer
- DigitAS Project, Population and Behavioural Science, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
- National Health Service (NHS) Fife Addiction Services, Cameron Hospital, Windygates, United Kingdom
| | | | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Preethy Kathiresan
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Emira Khelifa
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Christos Kouimtsidis
- National Office for Addressing Drugs, Athens, Greece
- Surrey and Borders Partnership, National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Leatherhead, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evgeny M. Krupitsky
- Department of Addictions, Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jiang Long
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Icro Maremmani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- UniCamillus, International Medical University in Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Garrett McGovern
- Irish Chapter of International Society of Addiction Medicine (IRE-ISAM), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hossein Mohaddes Ardabili
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arshiya Sangchooli
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Goodman Sibeko
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anna Maria Vella
- Foundation for Social Welfare Services (FSWS), Sedqa, Santa Venera, Malta
| | - Salvador Benjamin D. Vista
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine and Philippines General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Mehran Zare-Bidoky
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Afzal Javed
- Pakistan Psychiatric Research Centre, Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, United States
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, United States
- Wu Tsai Institute and Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Alexander Mario Baldacchino
- DigitAS Project, Population and Behavioural Science, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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Mazouri-Karker S, Lüchinger R, Braillard O, Bajwa N, Achab S, Hudelson P, Dominicé Dao M, Junod Perron N. Perceptions of and Preferences for Telemedicine Use Since the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey of Patients and Physicians. JMIR Hum Factors 2023; 10:e50740. [PMID: 37934574 PMCID: PMC10664018 DOI: 10.2196/50740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the use of telemedicine (TLM) increased worldwide during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about the use and acceptance of TLM post the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate patients' and physicians' self-reported use, preferences, and acceptability of different types of TLM after the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey among patients and physicians in Geneva, Switzerland, between September 2021 and January 2022. Patients in waiting rooms of both private and public medical centers and emergency services were invited to answer a web-based questionnaire. Physicians working in private and public settings were invited by email to answer a similar questionnaire. The questionnaires assessed participants' sociodemographics and digital literacy; self-reported use of TLM; as well as preferences and acceptability of TLM for different clinical situations. RESULTS A total of 567 patients (309/567, 55% women) and 448 physicians (230/448, 51% women and 225/448, 50% in private practice) responded to the questionnaire. Patients (263/567, 46.5%) and physicians (247/448, 55.2%) generally preferred the phone over other TLM formats and considered it to be acceptable for most medical situations. Email (417/567, 73.6% and 308/448, 68.8%) was acceptable for communicating exam results, and medical certificates (327/567, 67.7% and 297/448, 66.2%) and video (302/567, 53.2% and 288/448, 64.3%) was considered acceptable for psychological support by patients and physicians, respectively. Older age was associated with lower acceptability of video for both patients and physicians (odds ratio [OR] 0.03, 95% CI 0.00-0.33 and OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08-0.66) while previous use of video was positively associated with video acceptability (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.84-5.43 and OR 3.34, 95% CI 2.91-5.54). Psychiatrists and hospital physicians were more likely to consider video to be acceptable (OR 10.79, 95% CI 3.96-29.30 and OR 3.97, 95% CI 2.23-7.60). CONCLUSIONS Despite the development of video, the acceptability of video remains lower than that of the phone for most health issues or patient requests. There is a need to better define for which patients and in which medical situations video can become safe and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Mazouri-Karker
- E-health and Telemedicine Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robin Lüchinger
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Braillard
- Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Bajwa
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Pediatrics at the Children's Hospital, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Treatment Centre ReConnecte, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Clinical and Sociological Research Unit, WHO Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Mental Health, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Hudelson
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Melissa Dominicé Dao
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Noelle Junod Perron
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Medical Directory, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Boumparis N, Baumgartner C, Malischnig D, Wenger A, Achab S, Khazaal Y, Keough MT, Hodgins DC, Bilevicius E, Single A, Haug S, Schaub MP. Effectiveness of a web-based self-help tool to reduce problem gambling: A randomized controlled trial. J Behav Addict 2023; 12:744-757. [PMID: 37659086 PMCID: PMC10562826 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Problem gambling constitutes a public health concern associated with psychopathological comorbidity, substance use, and financial difficulties. Most individuals with gambling problems avoid counseling services due to perceived stigma and their preference for self-reliance. Treatment accessibility could be improved through web-based interventions. Methods We recruited 360 individuals with gambling problems and randomized them to a web-based intervention (n = 185) or an active control group consisting of a self-help manual for problem gambling (n = 175). The primary outcome was the number of days of gambling in the last 30 days. Secondary outcomes included money spent in the last 30 days, time gambling in the last 7 days, gambling-related problems, consumption of alcohol and cigarettes, and psychopathological comorbidity measured at posttreatment and 6-month follow-up. Results The primary outcome decreased significantly for both groups, with no significant difference between the groups. There were significant group × time interactions according to the Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale (F = 8.83, p <0 .001), the Problem Gambling Severity Index (F = 3.54, p = 0.030), for cigarettes smoked in the last 7 days (F = 26.68, p < 0.001), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (F = 19.41, p <0 .001), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (F = 41.09, p <0 .001) favoring the intervention group. We experienced an overall high dropout rate (76%). Conclusions Win Back Control seems to be an effective low-threshold treatment option for individuals with gambling problems that might otherwise be unapproachable for outpatient treatment services. Nevertheless, the high dropout rate should be considered when interpreting the study results, as they may have introduced a degree of variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Boumparis
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Baumgartner
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Doris Malischnig
- Institute for Addiction Prevention, Addiction and Drug Coordination Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Wenger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Sociological Research Unit, University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Treatment Centre ReConnecte, Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Montreal University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - Elena Bilevicius
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alanna Single
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael P Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Mazouri-Karker S, Braillard O, Lüchinger R, Bajwa N, Achab S, Hudelson P, Dao MD, Junod-Perron N. Patients preferences for communication during video consultations. Patient Educ Couns 2023; 115:107894. [PMID: 37480793 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of our simulation-based study was to explore patient preferences for physician behaviours in video consultations METHODS: We conducted an exploratory study in outpatient setting in Geneva, Switzerland.Patients were invited to watch two variations videos of six simulated physician communication behaviours (camera framing, gaze orientation, initial talk at the opening phase, privacy reminder, pauses, empathy)and to indicate which one they preferred RESULTS: 417 patients watched three different video-recorded encounters. Most patients preferred framing with both face and bust (50.7 %) versus face alone (21.8 %). They valued eye gazing towards the camera (42.9 %) versus eye gazing shifting between screen and camera (13 %). The social talk related to the connection quality was appreciated (43.1 % vs 17.1 %) as well as the privacy reminder (80.8 % vs 6.5 %). Patients preferred short rather than long pauses after physician's statements (63.9 vs 14.9 %) as well as expressive rather than neutral nonverbal behaviour (46.7 % vs 17.6 %). CONCLUSION: Our results confirm that patients prefer the use of video specific communication behaviours recommended by experts except for shifting eye gaze and long pauses after physician's statements. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Given the increasing use of video consultations, video communication "best practices"should be systematically addressed in physician training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Mazouri-Karker
- E-health and Telemedicine Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Olivia Braillard
- Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robin Lüchinger
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Bajwa
- Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; ReConnecte Unit, Addiction Division, University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Hudelson
- Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mélissa Dominicé Dao
- Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Noëlle Junod-Perron
- Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Bhad R, Achab S, Rafei P, Kathiresan P, Ardabili HM, Butner J, Orsolini L, Melby K, Farokhnia M, Narasimha VL, Ridley K, Tolomeo S, Kanabar M, Matanje B, Grandinetti P, Potenza M, Ekhtiari H, Baldacchino A. An online global survey and follow-up expert groups on the scope and needs related to training, research, and mentorship among early-career addiction medicine professionals. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e44. [PMID: 37854423 PMCID: PMC10579666 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Addiction medicine is a rapidly growing field with many young professionals seeking careers in this field. However, early-career professionals (ECPs) face challenges such as a lack of competency-based training due to a shortage of trainers, limited resources, limited mentorship opportunities, and establishment of suitable research areas. The International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM) New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education (NExT) committee, a global platform for early-career addiction medicine professionals (ECAMPs), conducted a two-phase online survey using a modified Delphi-based approach among ECAMPs across 56 countries to assess the need for standardized training, research opportunities, and mentorship. A total of 110 respondents participated in Phase I (online key informant survey), and 28 respondents participated in Phase II (online expert group discussions on three themes identified in Phase I). The survey found that there is a lack of standardized training, structured mentorship programs, research funding, and research opportunities in addiction medicine for ECAMPs. There is a need for standardized training programs, improving research opportunities, and effective mentorship programs to promote the next generation of addiction medicine professionals and further development in the entire field. The efforts of ISAM NExT are well-received and give a template of how this gap can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Bhad
- Department of Psychiatry & National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sophia Achab
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Psychological and Sociological Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Parnian Rafei
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Preethy Kathiresan
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Hossein Mohaddes Ardabili
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jenna Butner
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura Orsolini
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine and Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Katrine Melby
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mehdi Farokhnia
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Deoghar, India
| | - Kelly Ridley
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- The Rural Clinical School of Western Australia, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Serenella Tolomeo
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A-STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mitika Kanabar
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Beatrice Matanje
- Member of ISAM NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee), International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Lighthouse Trust, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Paolo Grandinetti
- Network of Early Career Professionals working in the area of Addiction Medicine (NECPAM) Seligenstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexander Baldacchino
- Division of Population and Behavioural Science, Medical School, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
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7
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Luquiens A, Guillou M, Giustiniani J, Barrault S, Caillon J, Delmas H, Achab S, Bento B, Billieux J, Brevers D, Brody A, Brunault P, Challet-Bouju G, Chóliz M, Clark L, Cornil A, Costes JM, Devos G, Díaz R, Estevez A, Grassi G, Hakansson A, Khazaal Y, King DL, Labrador F, Lopez-Gonzalez H, Newall P, Perales JC, Ribadier A, Sescousse G, Sharman S, Taquet P, Varescon I, Von Hammerstein C, Bonjour T, Romo L, Grall-Bronnec M. Author Correction: Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study). Sci Rep 2023; 13:3460. [PMID: 36859417 PMCID: PMC9977929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Luquiens
- Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France. .,CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| | - Morgane Guillou
- EA 7479 SPURBO, CHRU BREST, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest and Addictologie, Brest, France
| | | | - Servane Barrault
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141QualiPsy, EE 1901, Université de Tours, Tours, France ,grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Service d’Addictologie Universitaire, CSAPA-37, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Julie Caillon
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Helena Delmas
- grid.488406.60000 0000 9139 4930Pôle Addiction et Précarité, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Rennes, France
| | - Sophia Achab
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988WHO Collaborating Centre for Treatment and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Bento
- IAJ - Instituto de Apoio ao Jogador, Lda, Portugal
| | - Joël Billieux
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Addiction Medicine, Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Brevers
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Paul Brunault
- grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Service d’Addictologie Universitaire, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France ,grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France ,grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141QualiPsy, EE, Université de Tours, 1901 Tours, France
| | - Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XGambling and Technological Addictions Research Unit, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luke Clark
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Psychology, Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Aurélien Cornil
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Centre for Excessive Gambling, Université Catholique de Louvain, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaetan Devos
- grid.490655.bGrand Hôpital de Charleroi (GHdC), Charleroi, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPsychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,Scientific Research and Publication Cell (CRPS), Le Beau Vallon, Namur, Belgium ,grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Centre Hospitalier Le Domaine, ULB, Braine-L’Alleud, Belgium ,grid.420146.50000 0000 9479 661XService Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Rosa Díaz
- grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Estevez
- grid.14724.340000 0001 0941 7046University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Anders Hakansson
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Clinical Addiction Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Malmö Addiction Center, Lund University - Gambling Disorder Unit, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel L. King
- grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697College of Education, Psychology, & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Francisco Labrador
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Faculty of Information and Communication, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip Newall
- grid.1023.00000 0001 2193 0854CQUniversity, Bundaberg, Australia
| | - José C. Perales
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Experimental Psychology Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Aurélien Ribadier
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 - Equipe Qualipsy « Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique », Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Lyon Neuroscience Research Center—INSERM U1028—CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Stephen Sharman
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764National Addiction Centre, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Pierre Taquet
- grid.410463.40000 0004 0471 8845Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Department, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France ,grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780Univ. Lille, ULR, 4072 Lille, France ,PSITEC—Psychologie: Interactions Temps Émotions Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Varescon
- grid.5842.b0000 0001 2171 2558Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Cora Von Hammerstein
- grid.29172.3f0000 0001 2194 6418APEMAC, Équipe EPSAM, Université de Lorraine, 57000 Metz, France
| | - Thierry Bonjour
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- grid.7902.c0000 0001 2156 4014EA 4430 Clipsyd, University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
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8
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Rochat L, Orita E, Jeannot E, Achab S, Khazaal Y. Willingness to Pay for a Dating App: Psychological Correlates. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2101. [PMID: 36767468 PMCID: PMC9916160 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The smartphone dating app, Tinder, has become hugely popular in recent years. Although most people use a free version of the app, some pay for an augmented version to improve their experience. However, there is little evidence of the association between the willingness to pay for a dating app such as Tinder and users' psychological characteristics. This study thus aims to compare Tinder paying versus non-paying users in terms of their pattern of use, excessive use of Tinder, motives for using Tinder, impulsivity traits, depressive mood, and sociodemographic variables, as well as to examine which variables best predict group membership. A total of 1159 Tinder users participated in an online survey. Group comparisons indicated that payers were more frequently male, reported greater motives for using Tinder than non-payers, and differed in their pattern of use compared with non-payers. Impulsivity traits did not significantly differ between the two groups. Being male and reporting greater motives for Tinder use significantly predicted being a payer. These findings provide insights into the processes that stimulate users' greater consumption of online dating apps, such as reinforcement mechanisms and reward sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Rochat
- UniDistance Suisse, Faculty of Psychology, Schinerstrasse 18, 3900 Brig, Switzerland
- ReConnecte Treatment Centre, Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue du Grand-Pré 70C, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elena Orita
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilien Jeannot
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Bugnon 23 a, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chemin de Mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- ReConnecte Treatment Centre, Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue du Grand-Pré 70C, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
- Clinical and Sociological Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Bugnon 23 a, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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9
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Luquiens A, Guillou M, Giustiniani J, Barrault S, Caillon J, Delmas H, Achab S, Bento B, Billieux J, Brevers D, Brody A, Brunault P, Challet-Bouju G, Chóliz M, Clark L, Cornil A, Costes JM, Devos G, Díaz R, Estevez A, Grassi G, Hakansson A, Khazaal Y, King DL, Labrador F, Lopez-Gonzalez H, Newall P, Perales JC, Ribadier A, Sescousse G, Sharman S, Taquet P, Varescon I, Von Hammerstein C, Bonjour T, Romo L, Grall-Bronnec M. Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study). Sci Rep 2022; 12:22510. [PMID: 36581637 PMCID: PMC9800380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying the addictiveness of gambling products by laypeople. We conducted a three-step study: (1) use of a Delphi consensus method among 56 experts from 13 countries to reach a consensus on the 10 structural addictive characteristics of gambling products to be illustrated by pictograms and their associated definitions, (2) development of 10 pictograms and their definitions, and (3) study in the general population to assess the impact of exposure to the pictograms and their definitions (n = 900). French-speaking experts from the panel assessed the addictiveness of gambling products (n = 25), in which the mean of expert's ratings was considered as the true value. Participants were randomly provided with the pictograms and their definitions, or with a standard slogan, or with neither (control group). We considered the control group as representing the baseline ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products. Each group and the French-speaking experts rated the addictiveness of 14 gambling products. The judgment criterion was the intraclass coefficients (ICCs) between the mean ratings of each group and the experts, reflecting the level of agreement between each group and the experts. Exposure to the pictograms and their definition doubled the ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products compared with that of the group that read a slogan or the control group (ICC = 0.28 vs. 0.14 (Slogan) and 0.14 (Control)). Laypeople have limited awareness of the addictive characteristics of gambling products. The pictograms developed herein represent an innovative tool for universally empowering prevention and for selective prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Luquiens
- Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France. .,CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| | - Morgane Guillou
- EA 7479 SPURBO, CHRU BREST, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest and Addictologie, Brest, France
| | | | - Servane Barrault
- QualiPsy, EE 1901, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Service d'Addictologie Universitaire, CSAPA-37, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Julie Caillon
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Helena Delmas
- Pôle Addiction et Précarité, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Rennes, France
| | - Sophia Achab
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Treatment and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Bento
- IAJ - Instituto de Apoio ao Jogador, Lda, Portugal
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Addiction Medicine, Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Brevers
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Paul Brunault
- Service d'Addictologie Universitaire, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,QualiPsy, EE, Université de Tours, 1901, Tours, France
| | - Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- Gambling and Technological Addictions Research Unit, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luke Clark
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aurélien Cornil
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.,Centre for Excessive Gambling, Université Catholique de Louvain, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaetan Devos
- Grand Hôpital de Charleroi (GHdC), Charleroi, Belgium.,Psychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Scientific Research and Publication Cell (CRPS), Le Beau Vallon, Namur, Belgium.,Centre Hospitalier Le Domaine, ULB, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium.,Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier, 69500, Bron, France
| | - Rosa Díaz
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Anders Hakansson
- Clinical Addiction Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Malmö Addiction Center, Lund University - Gambling Disorder Unit, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez
- Faculty of Information and Communication, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José C Perales
- Department of Experimental Psychology Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Aurélien Ribadier
- Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 - Equipe Qualipsy « Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique », Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center-INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Pierre Taquet
- Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Department, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France.,Univ. Lille, ULR, 4072, Lille, France.,PSITEC-Psychologie: Interactions Temps Émotions Cognition, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Varescon
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | | | - Thierry Bonjour
- Department of Addictology, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- EA 4430 Clipsyd, University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry Nantes, Inserm U1246, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Nantes, France
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Khazaal Y, El Abiddine FZ, Penzenstadler L, Berbiche D, Bteich G, Valizadeh-Haghi S, Rochat L, Achab S, Khan R, Chatton A. Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Arab Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) by Item Response Theory Modeling (IRT). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12099. [PMID: 36231401 PMCID: PMC9566183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The psychometric properties of the Arab translation of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) have been previously studied by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with AMOS software using the asymptotically distribution-free (ADF) estimator. Unidimensionality has been achieved at the cost of correlating several item variance errors. However, several reviews of SEM software packages and estimation methods indicate that the option of robust standard errors is not present in the AMOS package and that ADF estimation may yield biased parameter estimates. We therefore explored a second analysis through item response theory (IRT) using the parametric graded response model (GRM) and the marginal maximum likelihood (MML) estimation method embedded in the LTM package of R software. Differential item functioning (DIF) or item bias across subpopulations was also explored within IRT framework as different samples were investigated. The objective of the current study is to (1) analyze the Arab CIUS scale with IRT, (2) investigate DIF in three samples, and (3) contribute to the ongoing debate on Internet-use-related addictive behaviors using the CIUS items as a proxy. METHODS We assessed three samples of people, one in Algeria and two in Lebanon, with a total of 1520 participants. RESULTS Almost three out of every five items were highly related to the latent construct. However, the unidimensionality hypothesis was not supported. Furthermore, besides being locally dependent, the scale may be weakened by DIF across geographic regions. Some of the CIUS items related to increasing priority, impaired control, continued use despite harm, and functional impairment as well as withdrawal and coping showed good discriminative capabilities. Those items were endorsed more frequently than other CIUS items in people with higher levels of addictive Internet use. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to earlier ADF estimation findings, unidimensionality of the CIUS scale was not supported by IRT parametric GRM in a large sample of Arab speaking participants. The results may be helpful for scale revision. By proxy, the study contributes to testing the validity of addiction criteria applied to Internet use related-addictive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Montréal University, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Fares Zine El Abiddine
- Laboratory Psychological and Educational Research, Department of Psychology, University Djillali Liabes of Sidi Bel Abbes, Sidi Bel Abbes 22000, Algeria
| | - Louise Penzenstadler
- Addiction Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Djamal Berbiche
- Charles-LeMoyne Hospital Research Centre, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Ghada Bteich
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanon University, Tripoli P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon
| | - Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi
- Department of Medical Library and Information Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lucien Rochat
- Addiction Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Addiction Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Riaz Khan
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Frontier Medical College Affiliated to Bahria University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan
| | - Anne Chatton
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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11
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Suppan M, Stuby L, Fehlmann CA, Abbas M, Achab S, Harbarth S, Suppan L. The Impact of Three Communication Channels on the Dissemination of a Serious Game Designed to Enhance COVID-19 Prevention. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10143. [PMID: 36011774 PMCID: PMC9408446 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infection prevention interventions can only be effective if they are both well known and easily accessible. A randomized controlled trial showed that a serious game, "Escape COVID-19", was significantly more effective at improving the intention of adopting adequate infection prevention behavior than regular guidelines among long-term care facility employees. However, less than a fifth of all potential participants were finally recruited in this study. To determine whether a specific communication intervention was more effective than another, we carried out a retrospective analysis of account creation data over a six-month period. During the first period (53 days), information about the serious game was disseminated by a part-time worker. The second period (15 days) corresponded to a press release, while the third period (15 days) reflected an official communication from the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health. A total of 3995 accounts were created during the study period. Most accounts were created by health care workers (2699/3995, 67.6%). Median daily account creation was highest during the press release period (25; Q1:Q3 9:172) and lowest during the official communication period (6; Q1:Q3 4:20). The association between communication intervention and account creation was statistically significant both when considering the overall population (p = 0.013) and when only analyzing health care workers (p = 0.036).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Suppan
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Loric Stuby
- Genève TEAM Ambulances, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Alain Fehlmann
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte HUG, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Sociological and Clinical Research Unit SWI-54, WHO Collaborating Center in Training and Research in Mental Health, UniGe, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Harbarth
- Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Suppan
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Achab S, Rothen S, Giustiniani J, Nicolier M, Franc E, Zullino D, Mauny F, Haffen E. Predictors of Gaming Disorder or Protective from It, in a French Sample: A Symptomatic Approach to Self-Regulation and Pursued Rewards, Providing Insights for Clinical Practice. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19159476. [PMID: 35954855 PMCID: PMC9367741 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Gaming disorder (GD) is a new health condition still requiring a lot of evidence established around its underlying and related psychological mechanisms. In our study we focused on Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games (MMORPGs), a specific very popular and engaging game genre, to determine that benefit, motivation and control aspects could be predictive of a dysfunctional engagement in gaming. In total, 313 participants were recruited from private forums of gamers between May 2009 and March 2010. They filled out a questionnaire on their socio-demographic data and their weekly gaming time. They also completed different psychometric assessments such as the DSM IV-TR criteria for substance dependence adapted to gaming such as the Dependence Adapted Scale (DAS), the external rewards they expected from gaming (External Motives), the expected internal reward they expected from gaming (Internal Motives), the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale (ZSSS), and the Barratt impulsiveness Scale (BIS-10). Results showed that some psychological factors related to online gaming represented risk factors for GD in participants (i.e., competition and advancement motives, reduced anxiety, solace, greater personal satisfaction, and sense of power), whereas some others were found to be protective factors from GD (i.e., recreation, enjoyment and experience seeking) in participants. Additionally, the study found that disinhibition, boredom susceptibility, thrill and adventure seeking, and high impulsivity were correlated to GD in participants. In conclusion, not only motives for gaming and impulsivity could be predictors for GD, but maladaptive coping strategies based on experienced relief in-game from negative feelings (anxiety and boredom) or experienced improvement in-game of self-perception (personal satisfaction, sense of power) could play as well a role of negative reinforcers for GD. Some benefits from gaming, typically entertainment and enjoyment, are shown to be protective factors from GD, playing the role of positive reinforcing factors. They are worthy of being identified and promoted as functional gaming habits. These findings can feed the clinical and health promotion fields, with a more in-depth understanding of diverse psychological factors in gamers, identifying those at risk for GD and those protective from it. The current work can foster a more balanced approach towards gaming activities, taking their opportunities for mankind and controlling for their adverse effects in some individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Achab
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.F.); (D.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-223725750
| | - Stephane Rothen
- Research Centre for Statistics, Faculty of Economy and Management, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Julie Giustiniani
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (J.G.); (M.N.); (E.H.)
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive (UR LINC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Magali Nicolier
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (J.G.); (M.N.); (E.H.)
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive (UR LINC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Elizabeth Franc
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.F.); (D.Z.)
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.F.); (D.Z.)
| | - Frederic Mauny
- Unité de Méthodologie en Recherche Clinique, Épidémiologie et Santé Publique, CIC Inserm 143, University Hospital, 25000 Besançon, France;
- UMR CNRS 6249 Chrono Environnement, Franche-Comté University, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; (J.G.); (M.N.); (E.H.)
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive (UR LINC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Créteil, France
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13
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Long J, Bhad R, Potenza MN, Orsolini L, Phan V, Kanabar M, Achab S. Public health approaches and policy changes after the inclusion of gaming disorder in ICD-11: global needs. BJPsych Int 2022; 19:63-66. [PMID: 36287819 PMCID: PMC9540648 DOI: 10.1192/bji.2021.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has added gaming disorder to ICD-11 as a clinical condition associated with distress or interference with personal functioning. This inclusion leads to clinical and public health benefits, such as harmonising terminology, offering clinical landmarks and improving monitoring capabilities and data comparability. Training health professionals to identify and manage gaming disorder is a key challenge for countries. In the present paper we compiled opinions from different countries around the globe on their state of preparedness and needs to tackle this issue. The global views on the topic feed arguments for developing an evidence-based and cross-cultural training tool for gaming disorder management by health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Long
- Psychiatrist/Researcher, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM)-NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee)
| | - Roshan Bhad
- International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM)-NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee)
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura Orsolini
- International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM)-NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine and Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vicky Phan
- International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM)-NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee)
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mitika Kanabar
- International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM)-NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee)
- Southern California Permanente Medical Group, California, USA
| | - Sophia Achab
- International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM)-NExT (New Professionals Exploration, Training & Education Committee)
- Psychological and Sociological Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland. Email
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14
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Carragher N, Billieux J, Bowden-Jones H, Achab S, Potenza MN, Rumpf HJ, Long J, Demetrovics Z, Gentile D, Hodgins D, Aricak OT, Baigent M, Gandin C, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Scafato E, Assanangkornchai S, Siste K, Hao W, King DL, Saunders J, Higuchi S, Poznyak V. Brief overview of the WHO Collaborative Project on the Development of New International Screening and Diagnostic Instruments for Gaming Disorder and Gambling Disorder. Addiction 2022; 117:2119-2121. [PMID: 34882889 DOI: 10.1111/add.15780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Carragher
- Alcohol, Drugs and Addictive Behaviours Unit, Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.,National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Henrietta Bowden-Jones
- National Problem Gambling Clinic; National Centre for Gaming Disorders, UK.,Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia Achab
- WHO Collaborating Centre in Research and Training in Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland.,Treatment Facility for Addictive Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jiang Long
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Psychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar.,Addiction Research Group, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Douglas Gentile
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - David Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Osman Tolga Aricak
- Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey.,Turkish Green Crescent Society, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Michael Baigent
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Statewide Gambling Therapy Service, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Claudia Gandin
- National Observatory on Alcohol, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emanuele Scafato
- National Observatory on Alcohol, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Sawitri Assanangkornchai
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Kristiana Siste
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wei Hao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.,Consortium on Clinical bigdata and Biobank for Addiction Research (3CBAR), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Australia
| | - John Saunders
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Japan
| | - Vladimir Poznyak
- Alcohol, Drugs and Addictive Behaviours Unit, Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
In most cases, video games provide entertainment and social and psychological benefits. Involvement in video games can become problematic and associated with functional impairment for individuals characterized by psychosocial, environmental or psychopathological vulnerabilities. The WHO recently decided to include gaming disorder in ICD-11. The definition of gaming disorder is oriented towards consequences and functional impact, in order to avoid over-pathologizing of healthy gaming patterns. The public health issues of video game disorder have found a promising response through the recognition of this disorder by the WHO and the common definition offered by the ICD-11. The treatment of this disorder, essentially psychotherapeutic, requires taking into account the underlying psychological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Billieux
- Institut de psychologie, Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne.,Centre du jeu excessif, Médecine des addictions, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Sophia Achab
- Centre spécialisé ReConnecte, Service d'addictologie, Département de psychiatrie, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.,Unité de recherche clinique et sociologique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
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16
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Achab S, Billieux J. [Problematic social media use : a call for a personalized approach]. Rev Med Suisse 2022; 18:1146-1148. [PMID: 35678344 DOI: 10.53738/revmed.2022.18.785.1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For a minority of vulnerable users in certain circumstances, the use of social media can have repercussions on health. Most often complaints concern adolescents. The request is most often focused on the time spent and the objective pursued is to regain control over it. We present some evidence supporting that this problematic use affects other age categories, with different psychological, cultural and gender specificities. Our aim is to guide health professionals to consider this problematic behavior regardless of age and gender and to use an individualized approach which considers the cultural and psychological factors. Systematic screening and multidimensional assessment are important to guarantee an efficient and person-centered care for this problematic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Achab
- Centre spécialisé ReConnecte, Service d'addictologie, Département de psychiatrie, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14
- Unité de recherche clinique et sociologique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institut de psychologie, Université de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne
- Centre du jeu excessif, Médecine des addictions, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
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17
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Reed GM, First MB, Billieux J, Cloitre M, Briken P, Achab S, Brewin CR, King DL, Kraus SW, Bryant RA. Emerging experience with selected new categories in the ICD-11: complex PTSD, prolonged grief disorder, gaming disorder, and compulsive sexual behaviour disorder. World Psychiatry 2022; 21:189-213. [PMID: 35524599 PMCID: PMC9077619 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the important changes in the ICD-11 is the addition of 21 new mental disorders. New categories are typically proposed to: a) improve the usefulness of morbidity statistics; b) facilitate recognition of a clinically important but poorly classified mental disorder in order to provide appropriate management; and c) stimulate research into more effective treatments. Given the major implications for the field and for World Health Organization (WHO) member states, it is important to examine the impact of these new categories during the early phase of the ICD-11 implementation. This paper focuses on four disorders: complex post-traumatic stress disorder, prolonged grief disorder, gaming disorder, and compulsive sexual behaviour disorder. These categories were selected because they have been the focus of considerable activity and/or controversy and because their inclusion in the ICD-11 represents a different decision than was made for the DSM-5. The lead authors invited experts on each of these disorders to provide insight into why it was considered important to add it to the ICD-11, implications for care of not having that diagnostic category, important controversies about adding the disorder, and a review of the evidence generated and other developments related to the category since the WHO signaled its intention to include it in the ICD-11. Each of the four diagnostic categories appears to describe a population with clinically important and distinctive features that had previously gone unrecognized as well as specific treatment needs that would otherwise likely go unmet. The introduction of these categories in the ICD-11 has been followed by a substantial expansion of research in each area, which has generally supported their validity and utility, and by a significant increase in the availability of appropriate services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M Reed
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael B First
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marylene Cloitre
- National Center for PTSD Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Achab
- Outpatient Treatment Unit for Addictive Behaviors ReConnecte, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Psychological and Sociological Research and Training Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chris R Brewin
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shane W Kraus
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Richard A Bryant
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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18
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King DL, Achab S, Higuchi S, Bowden-Jones H, Müller KW, Billieux J, Starcevic V, Saunders JB, Tam P, Delfabbro PH. Gaming disorder and the COVID-19 pandemic: Treatment demand and service delivery challenges. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:243-248. [PMID: 35413005 PMCID: PMC9295227 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaming activities have conferred numerous benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, some individuals may be at greater risk of problem gaming due to disruption to adaptive routines, increased anxiety and/or depression, and social isolation. This paper presents a summary of 2019-2021 service data from specialist addiction centers in Germany, Switzerland, Japan, and the United Kingdom. Treatment demand for gaming disorder has exceeded service capacity during the pandemic, with significant service access issues. These data highlight the need for adaptability of gaming disorder services and greater resources and funding to respond effectively in future public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. King
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Australia
| | - Sophia Achab
- Outpatient Centre for Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte, Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
- Clinical and Sociological Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Henrietta Bowden-Jones
- National Centre for Gaming Disorders, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge University, United Kingdom
| | - Kai W. Müller
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addictions, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy at the University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Nepean Clinical School, Sydney, Australia
| | - John B. Saunders
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Philip Tam
- The Psych Matters Clinic, Concord, Sydney, Australia
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19
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Khatcherian E, Zullino D, De Leo D, Achab S. Feelings of Loneliness: Understanding the Risk of Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents with Internet Addiction. A Theoretical Model to Answer to a Systematic Literature Review, without Results. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19042012. [PMID: 35206200 PMCID: PMC8872550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The Internet has become an essential tool for adolescents. It is part of their social integration within peers and supports their identity construction. The Internet can also become a source of addiction, especially when used as a coping strategy towards unpleasant life situations. Addiction to the Internet is often linked with an increase in the feeling of loneliness. The feeling of loneliness is an emotion present during adolescence. However, in excess, it can lead to suicidal ideation. Addiction to the Internet is also linked to an increased suicide risk. We questioned ourselves on the impact of the feeling of loneliness on the link between an excessive use of the Internet by adolescents and the risks of suicidal ideation. We attempted to find an answer to this question by performing a systematic review of the literature. We found no result matching our search criteria. We noted the absence of studies with regards to the interaction between the feeling of loneliness, addiction to the Internet and the risk of suicidal ideation amongst adolescents. We established a theoretical model which could be used as a lead for future research. We insist on the importance that studies need to be conducted in this domain, in order to enable us to establish efficient preventive measures for the risks of suicidal ideation amongst adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugénie Khatcherian
- Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva,1202 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.K.); (D.Z.)
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva,1202 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.K.); (D.Z.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Diego De Leo
- Department of Psychology, Primorska University, 6000 Koper, Slovenia;
- AISRAP, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt Campus, Mount Gravatt, QLD 4122, Australia
- De Leo Fund, 35137 Padua, Italy
| | - Sophia Achab
- Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva,1202 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.K.); (D.Z.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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20
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Lopez-Fernandez O, Romo L, Kern L, Rousseau A, Graziani P, Rochat L, Achab S, Zullino D, Landrø NI, Zacarés JJ, Serra E, Chóliz M, Pontes HM, Griffiths MD, Kuss DJ. Perceptions Underlying Addictive Technology Use Patterns: Insights for Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19010544. [PMID: 35010804 PMCID: PMC8744933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is considered the 'gold standard' in the treatment of addictive disorders related to excessive technology use. However, the cognitive components of problematic internet use are not yet well-known. The aim of the present study was to explore the cognitive components, that according to problematic users, can lead to potential internet addiction. A total of 854 European adults completed an online survey using a mixed-methods design. Internet problems and attachment styles were assessed, prevalence rates estimated, correlations, chi-squared automatic interaction detection, and content analysis were performed. Self-reported addictions to social networking, internet, and gaming had a prevalence between 1.2% (gaming) to 2.7% (social networking). Self-perception of the addiction problem and preoccupied attachment style were discriminative factors for internet addiction. In an analysis of qualitative responses from self-identified compulsive internet users, a sense of not belonging and feeling of disconnection during life events were perceived as causes for internet addiction. The development depended on a cycle of mixed feelings associated with negative thoughts, compensated by a positive online identity. The severity of this behaviour pattern produced significant impairment in various areas of the participants' functioning, suggesting a possible addiction problem. It is suggested that health professionals administering CBT should target unhealthy preoccupations and monitor mixed feelings and thoughts related to internet use to support coping with cognitive distortions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Avda. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Lucia Romo
- CLInique PSYchanalyse Développement (CLIPSYD—EA4430), Université Paris Nanterre, 200 Av. de la République, 92000 Nanterre, France;
- Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré, AP-HP Garches, CESP, U1018 INSERM UPS UVSQ 2, 104 Bd Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Laurence Kern
- EA 2931, Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CESRM), Université Paris Nanterre, 200 Av. de la République, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Amélie Rousseau
- Psychology Department, Centre d’Etudes et Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (EA7411), Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 5 All. Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse, France;
- Laboratoie VCR, Ecole de Psychologues Praticiens de l’Institut Catholique de Paris, 71, Rue Molière, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Pierluigi Graziani
- LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University, Jardin du Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles Livon, 13007 Marseille, France;
- Psychologie, Langues, Lettres et Histoire Département, University of Nîmes, Rue de Docteur Georges Salang Cs 13019, 30021 Nîmes, France
| | - Lucien Rochat
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addiction ReConnecte, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Sophia Achab
- Psychological and Sociological Research and Training Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 24 Rue du Général-Dufour, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (S.A.); (D.Z.)
- Outpatient Treatment Unit for Addictive Behaviors ReConnecte, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Psychological and Sociological Research and Training Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 24 Rue du Général-Dufour, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (S.A.); (D.Z.)
- Outpatient Treatment Unit for Addictive Behaviors ReConnecte, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nils Inge Landrø
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3A, 0373 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Juan José Zacarés
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.J.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Emilia Serra
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.J.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Halley M. Pontes
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet St, London WC1E 7HX, UK;
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Cyberpsychology Research Group, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK; (M.D.G.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Daria J. Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Cyberpsychology Research Group, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK; (M.D.G.); (D.J.K.)
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21
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Suppan M, Stuby L, Harbarth S, Fehlmann CA, Achab S, Abbas M, Suppan L. Nationwide Deployment of a Serious Game Designed to Improve COVID-19 Infection Prevention Practices in Switzerland: Prospective Web-Based Study. JMIR Serious Games 2021; 9:e33003. [PMID: 34635472 PMCID: PMC8623323 DOI: 10.2196/33003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lassitude and a rather high degree of mistrust toward the authorities can make regular or overly constraining COVID-19 infection prevention and control campaigns inefficient and even counterproductive. Serious games provide an original, engaging, and potentially effective way of disseminating COVID-19 infection prevention and control guidelines. Escape COVID-19 is a serious game for teaching COVID-19 infection prevention and control practices that has previously been validated in a population of nursing home personnel. Objective We aimed to identify factors learned from playing the serious game Escape COVID-19 that facilitate or impede intentions of changing infection prevention and control behavior in a large and heterogeneous Swiss population. Methods This fully automated, prospective web-based study, compliant with the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES), was conducted in all 3 main language regions of Switzerland. After creating an account on the platform, participants were asked to complete a short demographic questionnaire before accessing the serious game. The only incentive given to the potential participants was a course completion certificate, which participants obtained after completing the postgame questionnaire. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants who reported that they were willing to change their infection prevention and control behavior. Secondary outcomes were the infection prevention and control areas affected by this willingness and the presumed evolution in the use of specific personal protective equipment items. The elements associated with intention to change infection prevention and control behavior, or lack thereof, were also assessed. Other secondary outcomes were the subjective perceptions regarding length, difficulty, meaningfulness, and usefulness of the serious game; impression of engagement and boredom while playing the serious game; and willingness to recommend its use to friends or colleagues. Results From March 9 to June 9, 2021, a total of 3227 accounts were created on the platform, and 1104 participants (34.2%) completed the postgame questionnaire. Of the 1104 respondents, 509 respondents (46.1%) answered that they intended to change their infection prevention and control behavior after playing the game. Among the respondents who answered that they did not intend to change their behavior, 86.1% (512/595) answered that they already apply these guidelines. Participants who followed the German version were less likely to intend to change their infection prevention and control behavior (odds ratio [OR] 0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.96; P=.04) and found the game less engaging (P<.001). Conversely, participants aged 53 years or older had stronger intentions of changing infection prevention and control behavior (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.44-2.97; P<.001). Conclusions Escape COVID-19 is a useful tool to enhance correct infection prevention and control measures on a national scale, even after 2 COVID-19 pandemic waves; however, the serious game's impact was affected by language, age category, and previous educational training, and the game should be adapted to enhance its impact on specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Suppan
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephan Harbarth
- Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christophe A Fehlmann
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,WHO Collaborating Center in Training and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Suppan
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Koka A, Suppan M, Carrera E, Fraga-Freijeiro P, Massuk K, Imbeault ME, Missilier Perruzzo N, Achab S, Salerno A, Strambo D, Michel P, Stuby L, Suppan L. Knowledge Retention of the NIH Stroke Scale among Stroke Unit Health Care Workers Using Video vs. E-Learning: Protocol for a Web-Based, Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9111460. [PMID: 34828505 PMCID: PMC8620278 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is commonly used to triage and monitor the evolution of stroke victims. Data regarding NIHSS knowledge in nurses and physicians working with stroke patients are scarce, and a progressive decline in specific knowledge regarding this challenging scale is to be expected even among NIHSS certified personnel. This protocol was designed according to the CONSORT-eHealth (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines. It describes the design of a randomized controlled trial whose primary objective is to determine if nurses and physicians who work in stroke units improve their NIHSS knowledge more significantly after following a highly interactive e-learning module than after following the traditional didactic video. Univariate and multivariable linear regression will be used to analyze the primary outcome, which will be the difference between the score on a 50-question quiz answered before and immediately after following the allocated learning material. Secondary outcomes will include knowledge retention at one month, assessed using the same 50-question quiz, user satisfaction, user course duration perception, and probability of recommending the allocated learning method. The study is scheduled to begin during the first semester of 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Koka
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Mélanie Suppan
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Emmanuel Carrera
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.C.); (N.M.P.)
| | - Paula Fraga-Freijeiro
- Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.F.-F.); (K.M.); (M.-E.I.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Kiril Massuk
- Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.F.-F.); (K.M.); (M.-E.I.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Marie-Eve Imbeault
- Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.F.-F.); (K.M.); (M.-E.I.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Nathalie Missilier Perruzzo
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (E.C.); (N.M.P.)
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte HUG, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- WHO Collaborating Center in Training and Research in Mental Health, UniGe, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Salerno
- Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.F.-F.); (K.M.); (M.-E.I.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Davide Strambo
- Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.F.-F.); (K.M.); (M.-E.I.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrik Michel
- Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (P.F.-F.); (K.M.); (M.-E.I.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Loric Stuby
- Genève TEAM Ambulances, Emergency Medical Services, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Laurent Suppan
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (L.S.)
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23
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Castro‐Calvo J, King DL, Stein DJ, Brand M, Carmi L, Chamberlain SR, Demetrovics Z, Fineberg NA, Rumpf H, Yücel M, Achab S, Ambekar A, Bahar N, Blaszczynski A, Bowden‐Jones H, Carbonell X, Chan EML, Ko C, de Timary P, Dufour M, Grall‐Bronnec M, Lee HK, Higuchi S, Jimenez‐Murcia S, Király O, Kuss DJ, Long J, Müller A, Pallanti S, Potenza MN, Rahimi‐Movaghar A, Saunders JB, Schimmenti A, Lee S, Siste K, Spritzer DT, Starcevic V, Weinstein AM, Wölfling K, Billieux J. Expert appraisal of criteria for assessing gaming disorder: an international Delphi study. Addiction 2021; 116:2463-2475. [PMID: 33449441 PMCID: PMC8451754 DOI: 10.1111/add.15411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Following the recognition of 'internet gaming disorder' (IGD) as a condition requiring further study by the DSM-5, 'gaming disorder' (GD) was officially included as a diagnostic entity by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). However, the proposed diagnostic criteria for gaming disorder remain the subject of debate, and there has been no systematic attempt to integrate the views of different groups of experts. To achieve a more systematic agreement on this new disorder, this study employed the Delphi expert consensus method to obtain expert agreement on the diagnostic validity, clinical utility and prognostic value of the DSM-5 criteria and ICD-11 clinical guidelines for GD. METHODS A total of 29 international experts with clinical and/or research experience in GD completed three iterative rounds of a Delphi survey. Experts rated proposed criteria in progressive rounds until a pre-determined level of agreement was achieved. RESULTS For DSM-5 IGD criteria, there was an agreement both that a subset had high diagnostic validity, clinical utility and prognostic value and that some (e.g. tolerance, deception) had low diagnostic validity, clinical utility and prognostic value. Crucially, some DSM-5 criteria (e.g. escapism/mood regulation, tolerance) were regarded as incapable of distinguishing between problematic and non-problematic gaming. In contrast, ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines for GD (except for the criterion relating to diminished non-gaming interests) were judged as presenting high diagnostic validity, clinical utility and prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS This Delphi survey provides a foundation for identifying the most diagnostically valid and clinically useful criteria for GD. There was expert agreement that some DSM-5 criteria were not clinically relevant and may pathologize non-problematic patterns of gaming, whereas ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines are likely to diagnose GD adequately and avoid pathologizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Castro‐Calvo
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological TreatmentsUniversity of ValenciaSpain
| | - Daniel L. King
- College of Education, Psychology, and Social WorkFlinders UniversityAustralia
| | - Dan J. Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR)University Duisburg‐EssenGermany
| | - Lior Carmi
- The Data Science InstituteInter‐disciplinary CenterHerzliyaIsrael
| | - Samuel R. Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK,Southern Health NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | | | - Naomi A. Fineberg
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK, Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation TrustWelwyn Garden CityUK,University of Cambridge School of Clinical MedicineCambridgeUK
| | - Hans‐Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of LuebeckLuebeckGermany
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and Monash Biomedical Imaging FacilityMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility In Behavioral Addictions, ReConnecte, Department of PsychiatryUniversity Hospitals of GenevaGenervaSwitzerland,Faculty of MedicineGeneva UniversityGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Atul Ambekar
- National Drug Dependence Treatment CentreAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Norharlina Bahar
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of HealthMalaysia
| | - Alexander Blaszczynski
- Faculty of Science, Brain and Mind Centre, School of PsychologyUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | | | - Xavier Carbonell
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sports Sciences BlanquernaRamon Llull UniversityBarcelonaSpain
| | - Elda Mei Lo Chan
- St John's Cathedral Counselling Service, and Division on AddictionHong Kong
| | - Chih‐Hung Ko
- Department of PsychiatryKaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung CityTaiwan
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Department of Adult PsychiatryInstitute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain and Cliniques Universitaires Saint‐LucBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Marie Grall‐Bronnec
- CHU Nantes, Department of Addictology and PsychiatryNantesFrance,Universités de Nantes et Tours, UMR 1246NantesFrance
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital OrganizationKurihama Medical and Addiction CenterJapan
| | - Susana Jimenez‐Murcia
- Department of PsychiatryBellvitge University Hospital‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain,Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of PsychologyELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Daria J. Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology DepartmentNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
| | - Jiang Long
- Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina,Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research InstituteUniversité Catholique de LouvainLouvainBelgium
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyHannover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | | | - Marc N. Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and the Child Study CenterYale School of Medicine and Connecticut Mental Health CenterNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Afarin Rahimi‐Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction StudiesTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - John B. Saunders
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse ResearchUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Seung‐Yup Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Eunpyeong St Mary's Hospital, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kristiana Siste
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia,Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalJakartaIndonesia
| | - Daniel T. Spritzer
- Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesFederal University of Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Nepean Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | | | - Klaus Wölfling
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addictions, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University MainzGermany
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of PsychologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland,Health and Behaviour InstituteUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
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24
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Achab S. [Internet patterns of use and which health promotion in Switzerland?]. Rev Med Suisse 2021; 17:1118-1121. [PMID: 34106537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Internet has become a tool of our daily lives; it can nevertheless be at health risks for excessive users. This is a global and national public health challenge, and health policy responses have been shaping up for a decade. Doctors are key players in health systems for the early detection of these disorders and for the health promotion in this area. In order to be able to play their role, they must benefit from increasing their awareness of the health risks of these uses, the vulnerable people profiles, the possible clinical pictures of these disorders and the strategic and regulatory framework at the national level. This article synthesizes these aspects in Switzerland to facilitate access to this corpus of knowledge for medical practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Achab
- Consultation spécialisée ReConnecte, Service d'addictologie, Département de santé mentale et de psychiatrie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14
- Membre du Groupe d'experts « Cyberaddiction en Suisse », OFSP et du Groupe d'experts sur les usages d'Internet à risque pour la santé, OMS
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25
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Suppan M, Abbas M, Catho G, Stuby L, Regard S, Achab S, Harbarth S, Suppan L. Impact of a Serious Game (Escape COVID-19) on the Intention to Change COVID-19 Control Practices Among Employees of Long-term Care Facilities: Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27443. [PMID: 33685854 PMCID: PMC7996198 DOI: 10.2196/27443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are at high risk of complications and death following SARS-CoV-2 infection. In these facilities, viral transmission can be facilitated by shortages of human and material resources, which can lead to suboptimal application of infection prevention and control (IPC) procedures. To improve the dissemination of COVID-19 IPC guidelines, we developed a serious game called "Escape COVID-19" using Nicholson's RECIPE for meaningful gamification, as engaging serious games have the potential to induce behavioral change. OBJECTIVE As the probability of executing an action is strongly linked to the intention of performing it, the objective of this study was to determine whether LTCF employees were willing to change their IPC practices after playing "Escape COVID-19." METHODS This was a web-based, triple-blind, randomized controlled trial, which took place between November 5 and December 4, 2020. The health authorities of Geneva, Switzerland, asked the managers of all LTCFs under their jurisdiction to forward information regarding the study to all their employees, regardless of professional status. Participants were unaware that they would be randomly allocated to one of two different study paths upon registration. In the control group, participants filled in a first questionnaire designed to gather demographic data and assess baseline knowledge before accessing regular online IPC guidelines. They then answered a second questionnaire, which assessed their willingness to change their IPC practices and identified the reasons underlying their decision. They were then granted access to the serious game. Conversely, the serious game group played "Escape COVID-19" after answering the first questionnaire but before answering the second one. This group accessed the control material after answering the second set of questions. There was no time limit. The primary outcome was the proportion of LTCF employees willing to change their IPC practices. Secondary outcomes included the factors underlying participants' decisions, the domains these changes would affect, changes in the use of protective equipment items, and attrition at each stage of the study. RESULTS A total of 295 answer sets were analyzed. Willingness to change behavior was higher in the serious game group (82% [119/145] versus 56% [84/150]; P<.001), with an odds ratio of 3.86 (95% CI 2.18-6.81; P<.001) after adjusting for professional category and baseline knowledge, using a mixed effects logistic regression model with LTCF as a random effect. For more than two-thirds (142/203) of the participants, the feeling of playing an important role against the epidemic was the most important factor explaining their willingness to change behavior. Most of the participants unwilling to change their behavior answered that they were already applying all the guidelines. CONCLUSIONS The serious game "Escape COVID-19" was more successful than standard IPC material in convincing LTCF employees to adopt COVID-19-safe IPC behavior. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/25595.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Suppan
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gaud Catho
- Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Simon Regard
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of the Surgeon General, Geneva Directorate of Health, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- WHO Collaborating Center in Training and Research in Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Harbarth
- Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Suppan
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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Rochat L, Wilkosc-Debczynska M, Zajac-Lamparska L, Rothen S, Andryszak P, Gaspoz J, Colombo L, Khazaal Y, Achab S. Internet Use and Problematic Use in Seniors: A Comparative Study in Switzerland and Poland. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:609190. [PMID: 34177634 PMCID: PMC8219912 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.609190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Seniors have been only little considered in studies examining problematic internet use and associated health issues, although they may present risk factors that make them particularly vulnerable for the development of problematic internet use. Objectives: (1) To compare Internet use and problematic use among seniors in Switzerland and Poland; (2) To examine the relationships between problematic internet use, impulsivity traits and well-being as previous studies showed that internet can be used to cope with negative emotions or life dissatisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional survey conducted between June 2016 and April 2017 with 264 older internet users aged above 60 years old recruited in Switzerland (88) and Poland (176) assessing sociodemographic variables, online activities, problematic internet use, impulsivity traits and well-being. Results: The two groups differed in their reported online activities in that Polish participants reported more searching for information and buying, whereas Swiss participants reported significantly greater problematic internet use than Polish participants. Finally, a multiple linear regression analysis performed on the whole sample indicated that lower well-being and being a Swiss participant were both significantly associated with greater problematic internet use, after age, gender, level of education, impulsivity traits have been controlled for. Discussion: Swiss seniors showed a more problematic internet use than Polish participants who focused more in their online activities on utility use of internet. The relationships between problematic internet use and well-being suggest that older adults use internet mainly to cope with negative emotion or life dissatisfaction. Socio-cultural differences that could account for these group differences as well as difference with young adults are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Rochat
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addiction ReConnecte, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Stéphane Rothen
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Research Center for Statistics, Geneva School of Management and Economics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Andryszak
- Faculty of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Julie Gaspoz
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura Colombo
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addiction ReConnecte, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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27
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Suppan L, Abbas M, Catho G, Stuby L, Regard S, Harbarth S, Achab S, Suppan M. Impact of a Serious Game on the Intention to Change Infection Prevention and Control Practices in Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e25595. [PMID: 33296329 PMCID: PMC7744143 DOI: 10.2196/25595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing home residents are at high risk of complications and death due to COVID-19. Lack of resources, both human and material, amplifies the likelihood of contamination in these facilities where a single employee can contaminate dozens of residents and colleagues. Improving the dissemination of and adhesion to infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines is therefore essential. Serious games have been shown to be effective in developing knowledge and in increasing engagement, and could motivate nursing home employees to change their IPC practices. OBJECTIVE Our aim is to assess the impact of "Escape COVID-19," a serious game designed to enhance knowledge and application of IPC procedures, on the intention of nursing home employees to change their IPC practices. METHODS We will carry out a web-based randomized controlled trial following the CONSORT-EHEALTH (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials of Electronic and Mobile Health Applications and Online Telehealth) guidelines and incorporating relevant elements of CHERRIES (Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys). Participants will be randomized to either the control or the serious game (intervention) group. First, both groups will be asked to answer a questionnaire designed to gather demographic data and assess baseline knowledge. The control group will then receive a quick reminder of the current national guidelines and links to IPC guidelines for health care professionals, while the other group will play the game. Both groups will then have to answer a second questionnaire designed to assess their willingness to change their IPC practices after having followed their respective material. After completing this questionnaire, they will be granted access to the material presented to the group they were not assigned to and receive a course completion certificate. The primary outcome will be the proportion of participants willing to change their IPC practices according to group. Secondary outcomes will include the analysis of specific questions detailing the exact changes considered by the participants. Factors associated with participant willingness or reluctance to change behavior will also be assessed. Attrition will also be assessed at each stage of the study. RESULTS The study protocol has been presented to our regional ethics committee (Req-2020-01262), which issued a declaration of no objection as such projects do not fall within the scope of the Swiss federal law on human research. Data collection began on November 5, 2020, and should be completed by December 4, 2020. CONCLUSIONS This study should determine whether "Escape COVID-19," a serious game designed to improve compliance with COVID-19 safe practices, modifies the intention to follow IPC guidelines among nursing home employees. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/25595.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Suppan
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Infection Control Programme, WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gaud Catho
- Infection Control Programme, WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Simon Regard
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of General Surgeon, Geneva Directorate of Health, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Harbarth
- Infection Control Programme, WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,WHO Collaborating Center in Training and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mélanie Suppan
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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Augsburger M, Wenger A, Haug S, Achab S, Khazaal Y, Billieux J, Schaub MP. The concept of buying-shopping disorder: Comparing latent classes with a diagnostic approach for in-store and online shopping in a representative sample in Switzerland. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:808-817. [PMID: 32918801 PMCID: PMC8943656 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Buying-shopping disorder and its transferability to the online sector is controversial. This study investigates in-store and online shopping patterns by comparing data-based modeling to a diagnostic cut-off approach. Further aims were to test model equivalence for gender and identify socio-demographic risk factors. METHODS In a representative survey, the Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS) was applied, using both an online and in-store version. Latent class analyses were followed by multinomial logistic regression analyses to investigate socio-demographic variables. Measurement invariance across genders was tested with multi-group comparisons. RESULTS With N = 1,012, 3-class solutions provided the best model fit for both in-store and online shopping. Most individuals (76, 86%) were grouped in non-addicted classes, followed by risky (21, 11%) and addicted classes (both 3%). Twenty-eight percent of individuals in the online addicted shopping class remained unidentified using the cut-off. For online shopping, only lower age and education differentiated classes significantly. DISCUSSION Results indicate a close link between online and in-store shopping, albeit with distinguishing features. The cut-off yielded findings discrepant from class probabilities. That buying-shopping disorder mainly affects younger women of lower educational level must be questioned, given the limited associations identified. CONCLUSIONS It is important not only to consider different settings of pathological shopping, but also to focus on groups that may not have appeared at risk in previous investigations (e.g., men, older age). The BSAS cut-off warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Augsburger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Andreas Wenger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte HUG, Geneva, Switzerland,WHO Collaborating Center in Training and Research in Mental Health, UniGe, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael P. Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
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King DL, Chamberlain SR, Carragher N, Billieux J, Stein D, Mueller K, Potenza MN, Rumpf HJ, Saunders J, Starcevic V, Demetrovics Z, Brand M, Lee HK, Spada M, Lindenberg K, Wu AMS, Lemenager T, Pallesen S, Achab S, Kyrios M, Higuchi S, Fineberg NA, Delfabbro PH. Screening and assessment tools for gaming disorder: A comprehensive systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2020; 77:101831. [PMID: 32143109 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The inclusion of gaming disorder (GD) as an official diagnosis in the ICD-11 was a significant milestone for the field. However, the optimal measurement approaches for GD are currently unclear. This comprehensive systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate all available English-language GD tools and their corresponding evidence. A search of PsychINFO, PsychArticles, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar identified 32 tools employed in 320 studies (N = 462,249 participants). The evaluation framework examined tools in relation to: (1) conceptual and practical considerations; (2) alignment with DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria; (3) type and quantity of studies and samples; and (4) psychometric properties. The evaluation showed that GD instrumentation has proliferated, with 2.5 tools, on average, published annually since 2013. Coverage of DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria was inconsistent, especially for the criterion of continued use despite harm. Tools converge on the importance of screening for impaired control over gaming and functional impairment. Overall, no single tool was found to be clearly superior, but the AICA-Sgaming, GAS-7, IGDT-10, IGDS9-SF, and Lemmens IGD-9 scales had greater evidential support for their psychometric properties. The GD field would benefit from a standard international tool to identify gaming-related harms across the spectrum of maladaptive gaming behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | - Natacha Carragher
- Office of Medical Education, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Joel Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dan Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kai Mueller
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addictions, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy at the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hans Juergen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - John Saunders
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Nepean Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Marcantonio Spada
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Katajun Lindenberg
- Institute for Psychology, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Tagrid Lemenager
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sophia Achab
- WHO Collaborating Center for Training and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mike Kyrios
- College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Japan
| | | | - Paul H Delfabbro
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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30
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Achab S. [Not Available]. Rev Med Suisse 2020; 16:148-150. [PMID: 31967759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Achab
- Geneva School of Economics and Management, UniMail, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
- Centre Collaborateur OMS pour la formation et la recherche en santé mentale-Groupe de recherche 834, Département de psychiatrie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
- Consultation ReConnecte, Département de santé mentale et de psychiatrie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14, 70C, rue du Grand-Pré, 1202 Genève
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31
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Baumgartner C, Bilevicius E, Khazaal Y, Achab S, Schaaf S, Wenger A, Haug S, Keough M, Hodgins D, Schaub MP. Efficacy of a web-based self-help tool to reduce problem gambling in Switzerland: study protocol of a two-armed randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e032110. [PMID: 31818841 PMCID: PMC6924842 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The past-year prevalence of problem gambling worldwide averages 2.3%. Switzerland exhibits a slightly lower past-year prevalence rate, of 1.1%, among adults. Only a minority of these adults attend outpatient treatment. Surveyed problem gamblers have explained that they wanted to handle the problem on their own. The option of a web-based self-help programme could potentially reach those users who hesitate to approach treatment centres and help them to reduce or stop their problem gambling. The effectiveness of such web-based interventions has been shown in other countries. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This two-armed randomised controlled trial (RCT) will examine the efficacy of a web-based self-help intervention, relative to an active control condition with a self-help manual, at reducing problem gambling. The active intervention programme, spanning 8 weeks, consists of nine modules developed to reduce gambling and attenuate psychopathological comorbidity, including depression, anxiety and stress-related disorder symptoms, relying on motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioural therapy. With a target sample size of 352, questionnaire data will be collected at baseline, and at 8 and 24 weeks after baseline. Primary outcomes will be the number of days one has gambled in the last 30 days. Secondary outcomes will include money and time spent on gambling activities, changes in gambling-related problems (Problem Gambling Severity Index, Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale), use of alcohol and cigarettes, and psychopathological comorbidity. All data analysis will comply with the intention-to-treat principle. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The RCT will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki; the consort eHealth Guidelines for studies on medical devices; the European Directive on medical devices 93/42/EEC, Swiss Law and Swiss Regulatory Authority requirements. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Canton of Zurich. Results will be published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal. Participants will be informed via e-mail about study results via a lay-person-friendly summary of trial findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Current Controlled Trials registry (ISRCTN16339434).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Baumgartner
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Bilevicius
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Research Centre, Institute of Mental Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophia Achab
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Mental Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Schaaf
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Wenger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Keough
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - David Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael P Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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32
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Lopez-Fernandez O, Griffiths MD, Kuss DJ, Dawes C, Pontes HM, Justice L, Rumpf HJ, Bischof A, Gässler AK, Suryani E, Männikkö N, Kääriänen M, Romo L, Morvan Y, Kern L, Graziani P, Rousseau A, Hormes JM, Schimmenti A, Passanisi A, Demetrovics Z, Király O, Lelonek-Kuleta B, Chwaszcz J, Dufour M, Ponce Terashima J, Chóliz M, Zacarés JJ, Serra E, Rochat L, Zullino D, Achab S, Landrø NI, Billieux J. Cross-Cultural Validation of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale in Four Forms and Eight Languages. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2019; 22:451-464. [PMID: 31295025 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2018.0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The 14-item Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) is one of the most frequently internationally adapted psychometric instruments developed to assess generalized problematic Internet use. Multiple adaptations of this instrument have led to versions in different languages (e.g., Arabic and French), and different numbers of items (e.g., from 5 to 16 items instead of the original 14). However, to date, the CIUS has never been simultaneously compared and validated in several languages and different versions. Consequently, the present study tested the psychometric properties of four CIUS versions (i.e., CIUS-14, CIUS-9, CIUS-7, and CIUS-5) across eight languages (i.e., German, French, English, Finnish, Spanish, Italian, Polish, and Hungarian) to (a) examine their psychometric properties, and (b) test their measurement invariance. These analyses also identified the optimal versions of the CIUS. The data were collected via online surveys administered to 4,226 voluntary participants from 15 countries, aged at least 18 years, and recruited from academic environments. All brief versions of the CIUS in all eight languages were validated. Dimensional, configural, and metric invariance were established across all languages for the CIUS-5, CIUS-7, and CIUS-9, but the CIUS-5 and CIUS-7 were slightly more suitable because their model fitted the ordinal estimate better, while for cross-comparisons, the CIUS-9 was slightly better. The brief versions of the CIUS are therefore reliable and structurally stable instruments that can be used for cross-cultural research across adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- 1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- 1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daria J Kuss
- 1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Dawes
- 1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Halley M Pontes
- 1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Justice
- 1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- 3 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anja Bischof
- 3 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Gässler
- 3 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Eva Suryani
- 4 Department of Psychiatry and Behavior, School of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Niko Männikkö
- 5 Department of Social Services and Rehabilitation, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Kääriänen
- 6 Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lucia Romo
- 7 EA 4430 Clinique psychanalyse développement (CLIPSYD), Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France.,8 INSERM UMR-S 1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Morvan
- 7 EA 4430 Clinique psychanalyse développement (CLIPSYD), Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France.,8 INSERM UMR-S 1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Kern
- 9 EA 2931, Centre de recherches sur le sport et le mouvement (CESRM), Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Pierluigi Graziani
- 10 LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,11 Psychologie, Langues, Lettres et Histoire Département, University of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Amélie Rousseau
- 12 Psychology Department, PSITEC EA 4074, Université Lille Nord de France, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Julia M Hormes
- 13 Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- 14 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna, Italy
| | - Alessia Passanisi
- 14 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna, Italy
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- 15 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Király
- 15 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta
- 16 Department of Family Science and Social Work and Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwaszcz
- 17 Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magali Dufour
- 18 Service de toxicomanie, Faculte de medicine Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Canada
| | - Javier Ponce Terashima
- 19 Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- 20 Department of Basic Psychology and University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan José Zacarés
- 21 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilia Serra
- 21 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucien Rochat
- 22 Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- 23 Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,24 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- 23 Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,24 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nils Inge Landrø
- 25 Department of Psychology, Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joël Billieux
- 26 Institute for Health and Behavior, Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Khazaal Y, Rothen S, Varfi N, Achab S, Soldati L, Bolmont M, Bianchi-Demicheli F. [About possible contributors and new perspectives to addictive use of cybersex]. Rev Med Suisse 2019; 15:574-578. [PMID: 30865389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The term « cybersex » refers to the use of the Internet for sexual purposes (pornography, webcams, dating). While moderate use of cybersex could have a positive effect on sexual life, a small fraction of these cyber-users could have difficulties to control their consumption with negative consequences. This phenomenon, whose understanding of the mechanisms still raises debates, seems to be influenced by various psychological factors, including avoidant attachment (avoidance of close emotional relationship) and depressed mood. Sexual desire, different types of motivations for using cybersex, and impulsivity could contribute, to some extent, to this phenomenon. Despite of their preliminary character, current available data lead us to recommend an integrated approach of the treatment of the persons facing these difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Khazaal
- Service de médecine des addictions, Département de psychiatrie, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne
- Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire en santé mentale, 7401 Rue Hochelaga, Montréal, QC H1N 3M5, Canada
| | - Stéphane Rothen
- Service d'addictologie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14
- Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
| | | | - Sophia Achab
- Service d'addictologie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14
- Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
| | | | - Mylène Bolmont
- Faculté de médecine et de psychologie, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
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Daeppen JB, Billieux J, Achab S, Etter JF, Bertholet N, Deligianni M, Penzenstadler L, Khazaal Y, Simon O. [Addictions]. Rev Med Suisse 2019; 15:14-16. [PMID: 30629359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
New drugs available in a click, plethora of games, new regulations on cannabis, addiction medicine has a lot to do ! In 2018, Switzerland recognized a training certificate in addiction medicine, pathological gambling entered into ICD-11 and vaping, first considered with suspicion, found a place in the pharmacopoeia of the fight against tobacco. That's not all, on the alcohol front, we realized that even a small glass can hurt and the medicine of addictions evolved towards models of recovery that aim to improve quality of life with chronic diseases. Finally, the American opioid prescription epidemic is worrying in Switzerland, even if the situation and the context are very different.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute for Health and Behavior, University of Luxembourg, 1 A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Sophia Achab
- Centre collaborateur OMS pour la recherche et la formation en santé mentale, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
| | - Jean-François Etter
- Institut de santé globale, Faculté de médecine, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Simon
- Service de médecine des addictions, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne
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35
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Rothen S, Briefer JF, Deleuze J, Karila L, Andreassen CS, Achab S, Thorens G, Khazaal Y, Zullino D, Billieux J. Disentangling the role of users' preferences and impulsivity traits in problematic Facebook use. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201971. [PMID: 30183698 PMCID: PMC6124717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of social network sites (SNSs) has grown dramatically. Numerous studies have shown that SNS users may suffer from excessive use, associated with addictive-like symptoms. With a focus on the popular SNS Facebook (FB), our aims in the current study were twofold: First, to explore the heterogeneity of FB usage and determine which kind of FB activity predicts problematic usage; second, to test whether specific impulsivity facets predict problematic use of FB. To this end, a sample of FB users (N = 676) completed an online survey assessing usage preferences (e.g., types of activities performed), symptoms of problematic FB use and impulsivity traits. Results indicated that specific usage preferences (updating one’s status, gaming via FB, and using notifications) and impulsive traits (positive and negative urgency, lack of perseverance) are associated to problematic FB use. This study underscores that labels such as FB “addiction” are misleading and that focusing on the actual activities performed on SNSs is crucial when considering dysfunctional usage. Furthermore, this study clarified the role of impulsivity in problematic FB use by building on a theoretically driven model of impulsivity that assumes its multidimensional nature. The current findings have identifiable theoretical and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Rothen
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Research Center for Statistics, Geneva School of Economics and Management, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Briefer
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jory Deleuze
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Laurent Karila
- Service d'Addictologie, Hôpital Universitaire Paul Brousse, AP-HP, Université Paris Sud, INSERM U1000, Villejuif France
| | | | - Sophia Achab
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Thorens
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joel Billieux
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab (ACB-Lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- * E-mail:
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36
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Rumpf HJ, Achab S, Billieux J, Bowden-Jones H, Carragher N, Demetrovics Z, Higuchi S, King DL, Mann K, Potenza M, Saunders JB, Abbott M, Ambekar A, Aricak OT, Assanangkornchai S, Bahar N, Borges G, Brand M, Chan EML, Chung T, Derevensky J, Kashef AE, Farrell M, Fineberg NA, Gandin C, Gentile DA, Griffiths MD, Goudriaan AE, Grall-Bronnec M, Hao W, Hodgins DC, Ip P, Király O, Lee HK, Kuss D, Lemmens JS, Long J, Lopez-Fernandez O, Mihara S, Petry NM, Pontes HM, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rehbein F, Rehm J, Scafato E, Sharma M, Spritzer D, Stein DJ, Tam P, Weinstein A, Wittchen HU, Wölfling K, Zullino D, Poznyak V. Including gaming disorder in the ICD-11: The need to do so from a clinical and public health perspective. J Behav Addict 2018; 7:556-561. [PMID: 30010410 PMCID: PMC6426367 DOI: 10.1556/2006.7.2018.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The proposed introduction of gaming disorder (GD) in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) has led to a lively debate over the past year. Besides the broad support for the decision in the academic press, a recent publication by van Rooij et al. (2018) repeated the criticism raised against the inclusion of GD in ICD-11 by Aarseth et al. (2017). We argue that this group of researchers fails to recognize the clinical and public health considerations, which support the WHO perspective. It is important to recognize a range of biases that may influence this debate; in particular, the gaming industry may wish to diminish its responsibility by claiming that GD is not a public health problem, a position which maybe supported by arguments from scholars based in media psychology, computer games research, communication science, and related disciplines. However, just as with any other disease or disorder in the ICD-11, the decision whether or not to include GD is based on clinical evidence and public health needs. Therefore, we reiterate our conclusion that including GD reflects the essence of the ICD and will facilitate treatment and prevention for those who need it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany,Corresponding author: PD Dr. Hans-Jürgen Rumpf; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; Phone: +49 451 5009 8751; Fax: +49 451 5009 8754; E-mail:
| | - Sophia Achab
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Service of Addictology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland,Geneva WHO Collaborating Center for Training and Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Henrietta Bowden-Jones
- Central North West London NHS Trust, Division of Brain Science, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Natacha Carragher
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daniel L. King
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Karl Mann
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marc Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Child Study Center, The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John B. Saunders
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Max Abbott
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Atul Ambekar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sawitri Assanangkornchai
- Epidemiology Unit and Centre for Alcohol Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Norharlina Bahar
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Selayang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition Center for Behavioral Addiction Research, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany,Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Elda Mei-Lo Chan
- Integrated Centre on Addiction Prevention and Treatment, Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Jeff Derevensky
- Applied Child Psychology and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ahmad El Kashef
- National Rehabilitation Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Michael Farrell
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Naomi A. Fineberg
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK,Department of Postgraduate Medicine, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Claudia Gandin
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, National Observatory on Alcohol, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anna E. Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Mental Health Care, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wei Hao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - David C. Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patrick Ip
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daria Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jeroen S. Lemmens
- Center for Research on Children, Adolescents, and the Media, Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jiang Long
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Satoko Mihara
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nancy M. Petry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Halley M. Pontes
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Florian Rehbein
- Criminological Research Institute Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addictions and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Epidemiological Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Emanuele Scafato
- National Observatory on Alcohol, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Manoi Sharma
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Daniel Spritzer
- Study Group on Technological Addictions, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Philip Tam
- Network for Internet Investigation and Research in Australia, The Delta Clinic, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aviv Weinstein
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Ariel, Ariel, Israel
| | - Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
- Epidemiological Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Wölfling
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addiction, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Service of Addictology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Poznyak
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland
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Khazaal Y, Breivik K, Billieux J, Zullino D, Thorens G, Achab S, Gmel G, Chatton A. Game Addiction Scale Assessment Through a Nationally Representative Sample of Young Adult Men: Item Response Theory Graded-Response Modeling. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e10058. [PMID: 30150204 PMCID: PMC6131318 DOI: 10.2196/10058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 7-item Game Addiction Scale (GAS) has been validated under standard confirmatory factor analysis and exhibits good psychometric properties. Whether this scale satisfies the necessary conditions for consideration by item response theory (IRT) modeling remains unknown. However, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) recently proposed criteria, in its section 3, to define internet gaming disorder (IGD) to promote research on this possible condition. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to (1) analyze GAS in the context of IRT (graded-response) modeling; (2) investigate differential item functioning (DIF), a feature of IRT modeling, in 2 subsamples; and (3) contribute to the ongoing (IGD) debate related to the validity of the DSM-5 criteria using GAS items as a proxy. METHODS We assessed 2 large representative samples of Swiss men (3320 French-speaking and 2670 German-speaking) with GAS. RESULTS All items comprised high discrimination parameters. GAS items such as relapse, conflict, withdrawal, and problems (loss of interests) were endorsed more frequently in more severe IGD stages, whereas items related to tolerance, salience (preoccupation), and mood modification (escape) were endorsed more widely among participants (including in less severe IGD stages). Several DIF effects were found but were classified as negligible. CONCLUSIONS The results of the analyses partly support the relevance of using IRT to further establish the psychometric properties of the GAS items. This study contributes to testing the validity of the IGD criteria, although cautious generalization of our findings is required with GAS being only a proxy of the IGD criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyrre Breivik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Joel Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Gerhard Gmel
- Alcohol Treatment Center, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Chatton
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Zullino D, Achab S. Monsieur L - Quand la santé ne fait pas de bien. Swiss Arch Neurol Psychiatr Psychother 2018. [DOI: 10.4414/sanp.2018.00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Lopez-Fernandez O, Kuss DJ, Pontes HM, Griffiths MD, Dawes C, Justice LV, Männikkö N, Kääriäinen M, Rumpf HJ, Bischof A, Gässler AK, Romo L, Kern L, Morvan Y, Rousseau A, Graziani P, Demetrovics Z, Király O, Schimmenti A, Passanisi A, Lelonek-Kuleta B, Chwaszcz J, Chóliz M, Zacarés JJ, Serra E, Dufour M, Rochat L, Zullino D, Achab S, Landrø NI, Suryani E, Hormes JM, Terashima JP, Billieux J. Measurement Invariance of the Short Version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ-SV) across Eight Languages. IJERPH 2018; 15:E1213. [PMID: 29890709 PMCID: PMC6025621 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of mobile phone use across the world has increased greatly over the past two decades. Problematic Mobile Phone Use (PMPU) has been studied in relation to public health and comprises various behaviours, including dangerous, prohibited, and dependent use. These types of problematic mobile phone behaviours are typically assessed with the short version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ⁻SV). However, to date, no study has ever examined the degree to which the PMPU scale assesses the same construct across different languages. The aims of the present study were to (i) determine an optimal factor structure for the PMPUQ⁻SV among university populations using eight versions of the scale (i.e., French, German, Hungarian, English, Finnish, Italian, Polish, and Spanish); and (ii) simultaneously examine the measurement invariance (MI) of the PMPUQ⁻SV across all languages. The whole study sample comprised 3038 participants. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were extracted from the demographic and PMPUQ-SV items. Individual and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses alongside MI analyses were conducted. Results showed a similar pattern of PMPU across the translated scales. A three-factor model of the PMPUQ-SV fitted the data well and presented with good psychometric properties. Six languages were validated independently, and five were compared via measurement invariance for future cross-cultural comparisons. The present paper contributes to the assessment of problematic mobile phone use because it is the first study to provide a cross-cultural psychometric analysis of the PMPUQ-SV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Daria J Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Halley M Pontes
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Christopher Dawes
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Lucy V Justice
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Niko Männikkö
- Department of Social Services and Rehabilitation, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, 90220 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Maria Kääriäinen
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Anja Bischof
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Gässler
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Lucia Romo
- EA 4430 Clinique Psychanalyse Développement (CLIPSYD), Université Paris Nanterre, France.
| | - Laurence Kern
- EA 2931, Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CESRM), Université Paris Nanterre, 92000 Nanterre, France.
| | - Yannick Morvan
- EA 4430 Clinique Psychanalyse Développement (CLIPSYD), Université Paris Nanterre, France.
| | - Amélie Rousseau
- Psychology Department, PSITEC EA 4074, Université Lille Nord de France, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Pierluigi Graziani
- LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University, 13007 Marseille, France.
- University of Nîmes, 30000 Nîmes, France.
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Alessia Passanisi
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta
- Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Chwaszcz
- Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Juan José Zacarés
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Emilia Serra
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Magali Dufour
- Service de Toxicomanie, Faculte de medicine Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Qc, J4K 0A8, Canada.
| | - Lucien Rochat
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Department of Psychiatry-Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry-Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Sophia Achab
- Department of Psychiatry-Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry-Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Nils Inge Landrø
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Eva Suryani
- Department Psychiatry and Behavior, School of Medicine and Health Science, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia.
| | - Julia M Hormes
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Javier Ponce Terashima
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Joël Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry-Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab (ACB-lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, 4366 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
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Abstract
Online gambling has gained popularity in the last decade, leading to an important shift in how consumers engage in gambling and in the factors related to problem gambling and prevention. Indebtedness and loneliness have previously been associated with problem gambling. The current study aimed to characterize online gamblers in relation to indebtedness, loneliness, and several in-game social behaviors. The data set was obtained from 584 Internet gamblers recruited online through gambling websites and forums. Of these gamblers, 372 participants completed all study assessments and were included in the analyses. Questionnaires included those on sociodemographics and social variables (indebtedness, loneliness, in-game social behaviors), as well as the Gambling Motives Questionnaire, Gambling Related Cognitions Scale, Internet Addiction Test, Problem Gambling Severity Index, Short Depression-Happiness Scale, and UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Social variables were explored with a latent class model. The clusters obtained were compared for psychological measures and three clusters were found: lonely indebted gamblers (cluster 1: 6.5%), not lonely not indebted gamblers (cluster 2: 75.4%), and not lonely indebted gamblers (cluster 3: 18%). Participants in clusters 1 and 3 (particularly in cluster 1) were at higher risk of problem gambling than were those in cluster 2. The three groups differed on most assessed variables, including the Problem Gambling Severity Index, the Short Depression-Happiness Scale, and the UPPS-P subscales (except the sensation seeking subscore). Results highlight significant between-group differences, suggesting that Internet gamblers are not a homogeneous group. Specific intervention strategies could be implemented for groups at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Khazaal
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Anne Chatton
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Gregoire Monney
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Thorens
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniele Zullino
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephane Rothen
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
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41
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Saunders JB, Hao W, Long J, King DL, Mann K, Fauth-Bühler M, Rumpf HJ, Bowden-Jones H, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Chung T, Chan E, Bahar N, Achab S, Lee HK, Potenza M, Petry N, Spritzer D, Ambekar A, Derevensky J, Griffiths MD, Pontes HM, Kuss D, Higuchi S, Mihara S, Assangangkornchai S, Sharma M, Kashef AE, Ip P, Farrell M, Scafato E, Carragher N, Poznyak V. Gaming disorder: Its delineation as an important condition for diagnosis, management, and prevention. J Behav Addict 2017; 6:271-279. [PMID: 28816494 PMCID: PMC5700714 DOI: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Online gaming has greatly increased in popularity in recent years, and with this has come a multiplicity of problems due to excessive involvement in gaming. Gaming disorder, both online and offline, has been defined for the first time in the draft of 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). National surveys have shown prevalence rates of gaming disorder/addiction of 10%-15% among young people in several Asian countries and of 1%-10% in their counterparts in some Western countries. Several diseases related to excessive gaming are now recognized, and clinics are being established to respond to individual, family, and community concerns, but many cases remain hidden. Gaming disorder shares many features with addictions due to psychoactive substances and with gambling disorder, and functional neuroimaging shows that similar areas of the brain are activated. Governments and health agencies worldwide are seeking for the effects of online gaming to be addressed, and for preventive approaches to be developed. Central to this effort is a need to delineate the nature of the problem, which is the purpose of the definitions in the draft of ICD-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B. Saunders
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,Corresponding author: John B. Saunders; Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, 1 Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia; Phone: +61 2 9252 0959; E-mail:
| | - Wei Hao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daniel L. King
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Karl Mann
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mira Fauth-Bühler
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrietta Bowden-Jones
- Central North West London NHS Trust and Division of Brain Science, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elda Chan
- Integrated Centre on Addiction Prevention and Treatment, Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Norharlina Bahar
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Selayang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sophia Achab
- Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Marc Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Child Study Center, and The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine, and Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nancy Petry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Daniel Spritzer
- Study Group on Technological Addictions, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Atul Ambekar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeffrey Derevensky
- Applied Child Psychology and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Halley M. Pontes
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Daria Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoko Mihara
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sawitri Assangangkornchai
- Epidemiology Unit and Centre for Alcohol Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Manoj Sharma
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ahmad El Kashef
- National Rehabilitation Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Farrell
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Emanuele Scafato
- National Observatory on Alcohol, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Natacha Carragher
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Poznyak
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland
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42
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Billieux J, King DL, Higuchi S, Achab S, Bowden-Jones H, Hao W, Long J, Lee HK, Potenza MN, Saunders JB, Poznyak V. Functional impairment matters in the screening and diagnosis of gaming disorder. J Behav Addict 2017; 6:285-289. [PMID: 28816514 PMCID: PMC5700712 DOI: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This commentary responds to Aarseth et al.'s (in press) criticisms that the ICD-11 Gaming Disorder proposal would result in "moral panics around the harm of video gaming" and "the treatment of abundant false-positive cases." The ICD-11 Gaming Disorder avoids potential "overpathologizing" with its explicit reference to functional impairment caused by gaming and therefore improves upon a number of flawed previous approaches to identifying cases with suspected gaming-related harms. We contend that moral panics are more likely to occur and be exacerbated by misinformation and lack of understanding, rather than proceed from having a clear diagnostic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Billieux
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Internet and Gambling Disorders Clinic, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Daniel L. King
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Program in Behavioural Addictions, Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Research Unit Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Henrietta Bowden-Jones
- National Problem Gambling Clinic, and Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wei Hao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Child Study Center, and The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John B. Saunders
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Vladimir Poznyak
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland
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43
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Trojak B, Sauvaget A, Fecteau S, Lalanne L, Chauvet-Gelinier JC, Koch S, Bulteau S, Zullino D, Achab S. Outcome of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in Substance Use Disorders: A Review of Randomized Sham-Controlled Clinical Trials. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 29:105-118. [PMID: 28294707 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.16080147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) might be a new approach to treat substance use disorders (SUD). A systematic review and critical analysis was performed to identify potential therapeutic effects of NIBS on addictions. A search of the Medline database was conducted for randomized sham-controlled trials using NIBS in the field of addiction and published until August 2016. Twenty-six studies in various SUD met the inclusion criteria. Converging evidence indicates that NIBS might be a promising mean to treat patients with alcohol and tobacco use disorders, by acting on craving reduction and other mechanisms such as improvement in cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Trojak
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Anne Sauvaget
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Shirley Fecteau
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Laurence Lalanne
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Jean-Christophe Chauvet-Gelinier
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Sonja Koch
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Samuel Bulteau
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Daniele Zullino
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
| | - Sophia Achab
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France (BT, J-C C-G); the INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Dijon, France (BT); the CHU de Nantes, Psychiatric Neuromodulation Unit, Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France (AS, SB); the Laboratory of Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroplasticity, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Quebec, Medical School, Laval University, Québec, Canada (SF); the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (LL); the Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ); and the Addictive Disorders Research Group and Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Switzerland (SA, DZ)
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Lopez-Fernandez O, Kuss DJ, Romo L, Morvan Y, Kern L, Graziani P, Rousseau A, Rumpf HJ, Bischof A, Gässler AK, Schimmenti A, Passanisi A, Männikkö N, Kääriänen M, Demetrovics Z, Király O, Chóliz M, Zacarés JJ, Serra E, Griffiths MD, Pontes HM, Lelonek-Kuleta B, Chwaszcz J, Zullino D, Rochat L, Achab S, Billieux J. Self-reported dependence on mobile phones in young adults: A European cross-cultural empirical survey. J Behav Addict 2017; 6:168-177. [PMID: 28425777 PMCID: PMC5520117 DOI: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Despite many positive benefits, mobile phone use can be associated with harmful and detrimental behaviors. The aim of this study was twofold: to examine (a) cross-cultural patterns of perceived dependence on mobile phones in ten European countries, first, grouped in four different regions (North: Finland and UK; South: Spain and Italy; East: Hungary and Poland; West: France, Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland), and second by country, and (b) how socio-demographics, geographic differences, mobile phone usage patterns, and associated activities predicted this perceived dependence. Methods A sample of 2,775 young adults (aged 18-29 years) were recruited in different European Universities who participated in an online survey. Measures included socio-demographic variables, patterns of mobile phone use, and the dependence subscale of a short version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ; Billieux, Van der Linden, & Rochat, 2008). Results The young adults from the Northern and Southern regions reported the heaviest use of mobile phones, whereas perceived dependence was less prevalent in the Eastern region. However, the proportion of highly dependent mobile phone users was more elevated in Belgium, UK, and France. Regression analysis identified several risk factors for increased scores on the PMPUQ dependence subscale, namely using mobile phones daily, being female, engaging in social networking, playing video games, shopping and viewing TV shows through the Internet, chatting and messaging, and using mobile phones for downloading-related activities. Discussion and conclusions Self-reported dependence on mobile phone use is influenced by frequency and specific application usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Daria J. Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lucia Romo
- CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, Nanterre, France
| | - Yannick Morvan
- CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, Nanterre, France
| | - Laurence Kern
- CLIPSYD Lab, UFR STAPS, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, Nanterre, France
| | - Pierluigi Graziani
- LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- University of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Amélie Rousseau
- Psychology Department, PSITEC EA 4074, Université Lille Nord de France, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck, Lüebeck, Germany
| | - Anja Bischof
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck, Lüebeck, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Gässler
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck, Lüebeck, Germany
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE – Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Alessia Passanisi
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE – Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Niko Männikkö
- RDI Services, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Kääriänen
- Department of Nursing – Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Király
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan José Zacarés
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilia Serra
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Halley M. Pontes
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta
- Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwaszcz
- Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Department of Psychiatry – Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry – Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucien Rochat
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Department of Psychiatry – Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry – Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Institute for Health and Behavior, Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Trojak B, Zullino D, Achab S. Brain stimulation to treat Internet addiction: A commentary. Addict Behav 2017; 64:363-364. [PMID: 26632195 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In February, 2015, French television screened a report on Internet addiction (IA) in which an individual, identifying himself as cyberdependent, was offered treatment with repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS), a Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) technique. Two issues deserve to be emphasized. Firstly, the concept of IA is not unanimously recognized by scientists and has raised a number of questions. Secondly, although the first results suggest that brain stimulation techniques could be a potential therapy for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), no data are available on the therapeutic effects of rTMS on IA or even excessive Internet use. Currently, we cannot promote the use of rTMS for Internet detoxification because there is no evidence to prove its efficacy. Nevertheless, the similarities between SUDs and IA, and the results of NIBS on SUDs suggest that research can be done to examine the efficacy of NIBS techniques to treat Internet gaming disorder and other forms of IA.
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46
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Thorens G, Achab S, Rothen S, Khazaal Y, Zullino D. [Is video game addiction a reality ?]. Rev Med Suisse 2016; 12:1554-1556. [PMID: 28678449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Video games are widely practiced. Questions about their potential health risks arise, including the risk of addiction. If there is at present no official diagnosis of video games addiction, the DSM-5 proposes temporary criteria based on pathological gambling. Video game addiction affects a minority of at risk individuals. The proposed treatments are essentially psychotherapeutic. Video games practices can be non problematic and they may also have potential beneficial effects on individuals. It is therefore recommended, when assessing video games practices, to take into account the positive and negative impacts of their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Thorens
- Centre ambulatoire d'addictologie psychiatrique (CAAP), HUG, 70C rue Grand Pré, 1202 Genève
| | - Sophia Achab
- Centre ambulatoire d'addictologie psychiatrique (CAAP), HUG, 70C rue Grand Pré, 1202 Genève
| | - Stephane Rothen
- Centre ambulatoire d'addictologie psychiatrique (CAAP), HUG, 70C rue Grand Pré, 1202 Genève
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Centre ambulatoire d'addictologie psychiatrique (CAAP), HUG, 70C rue Grand Pré, 1202 Genève
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Centre ambulatoire d'addictologie psychiatrique (CAAP), HUG, 70C rue Grand Pré, 1202 Genève
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47
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Billieux J, Achab S, Savary JF, Simon O, Richter F, Zullino D, Khazaal Y. Gambling and problem gambling in Switzerland. Addiction 2016; 111:1677-83. [PMID: 26733190 DOI: 10.1111/add.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To provide an overview of gambling and problem gambling in Switzerland, including historical aspects, past and current legislation and policies, treatment options and the research base. METHODS A literature search was conducted on two databases (PubMed and PsycINFO), and official government and statistical reports selected from the official websites of four sources (Federal Office of Justice; Federal Gambling Board; Federal Office of Statistics; Swiss Lottery and Betting Board). RESULTS After a history of banning or partial banning, Swiss gambling became regulated at the beginning of the 20th century through successive laws. The current system is characterized by important differences in the law and policies for casinos and lotteries, and contradictions in the regulation of these two areas are still under debate in order to develop new legislation. Gambling is widespread in Switzerland, and the prevalence of problem gambling in this country was comparable to that in other European countries in 2014. Most gambling treatment facilities are integrated into mental health treatment services that have out-patient programmes, and treatment for problem gambling is covered by a universal compulsory Swiss health insurance system. The availability of public funding for gambling research is still limited. CONCLUSIONS Switzerland needs to develop a more coherent regulatory and prevention policy approach to gambling, overcoming conflicts in the current dual system of federal and cantonal regulation. Recent efforts to enhance funding for gambling research are promising, and could lead to a more systematic analysis of the efficacy of prevention and treatment programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Internet and Gambling Disorders Clinic, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Félix Savary
- Groupement Romand d'Etudes des Addictions (GREA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Simon
- Center for Excessive Gambling, Community Psychiatric Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Richter
- Groupement Romand d'Etudes des Addictions (GREA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
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48
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Khazaal Y, Chatton A, Rothen S, Achab S, Thorens G, Zullino D, Gmel G. Psychometric properties of the 7-item game addiction scale among french and German speaking adults. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:132. [PMID: 27160387 PMCID: PMC4862221 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 7-item Game Addiction Scale (GAS) is a used to screen for addictive game use. Both cross cross-linguistic validation and validation in French and German is needed in adult samples. The objective of the study is to assess the factorial structure of the French and German versions of the GAS among adults. METHODS Two samples of men from French (N = 3318) and German (N = 2665) language areas of Switzerland were assessed with the GAS, the Major Depression Inventory (MDI), the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale, and the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ-50-cc). They were also assessed for cannabis and alcohol use. RESULTS The internal consistency of the scale was satisfactory (Cronbach α = 0.85). A one-factor solution was found in both samples. Small and positive associations were found between GAS scores and the MDI, as well as the Neuroticism-Anxiety and Aggression-Hostility subscales of the ZKPQ-50-cc. A small negative association was found with the ZKPQ-50-cc Sociability subscale. CONCLUSION The GAS, in its French and German versions, is appropriate for the assessment of game addiction among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Khazaal
- Department of Mental health and psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of psychiatry, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Anne Chatton
- Department of Mental health and psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephane Rothen
- Department of Mental health and psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Department of Mental health and psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Thorens
- Department of Mental health and psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Department of Mental health and psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,Department of psychiatry, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
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49
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Thorens G, Billieux J, Megevand P, Zullino D, Rothen S, Achab S, Khazaal Y. Capitalizing upon the Attractive and Addictive Properties of Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games to Promote Wellbeing. Front Psychiatry 2016; 7:167. [PMID: 27799913 PMCID: PMC5066093 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Thorens
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Joel Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Catholic University of Louvain , Louvain-La-Neuve , Belgium
| | - Pierre Megevand
- Neurology Division, Clinical Neuroscience Department, Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Rothen
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
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50
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Sauvaget A, Trojak B, Bulteau S, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F, Wolz I, Menchón JM, Achab S, Vanelle JM, Grall-Bronnec M. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in behavioral and food addiction: a systematic review of efficacy, technical, and methodological issues. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:349. [PMID: 26500478 PMCID: PMC4598576 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Behavioral addictions (BA) are complex disorders for which pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments have shown their limits. Non-invasive brain stimulation, among which transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), has opened up new perspectives in addiction treatment. The purpose of this work is to conduct a critical and systematic review of tDCS efficacy, and of technical and methodological considerations in the field of BA. Methods: A bibliographic search has been conducted on the Medline and ScienceDirect databases until December 2014, based on the following selection criteria: clinical studies on tDCS and BA (namely eating disorders, compulsive buying, Internet addiction, pathological gambling, sexual addiction, sports addiction, video games addiction). Study selection, data analysis, and reporting were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Out of 402 potential articles, seven studies were selected. So far focusing essentially on abnormal eating, these studies suggest that tDCS (right prefrontal anode/left prefrontal cathode) reduces food craving induced by visual stimuli. Conclusions: Despite methodological and technical differences between studies, the results are promising. So far, only few studies of tDCS in BA have been conducted. New research is recommended on the use of tDCS in BA, other than eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sauvaget
- Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital Nantes, France ; Clinical Investigation Unit 18-BALANCED "BehaviorAL AddictioNs and ComplEx Mood Disorders", University Hospital of Nantes Nantes, France ; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benoît Trojak
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Dijon Dijon, France ; Behavioral Addictions Program, NANT New Addictions New Treatments, Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Bulteau
- Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital Nantes, France ; Clinical Investigation Unit 18-BALANCED "BehaviorAL AddictioNs and ComplEx Mood Disorders", University Hospital of Nantes Nantes, France
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ines Wolz
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophia Achab
- Behavioral Addictions Program, NANT New Addictions New Treatments, Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marie Vanelle
- Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital Nantes, France ; Clinical Investigation Unit 18-BALANCED "BehaviorAL AddictioNs and ComplEx Mood Disorders", University Hospital of Nantes Nantes, France
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- Addictology and Liaison Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital Nantes, France ; Clinical Investigation Unit 18-BALANCED "BehaviorAL AddictioNs and ComplEx Mood Disorders", University Hospital of Nantes Nantes, France ; EA 4275 "Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Subjective Measures in Health Sciences", University of Nantes Nantes, France
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