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Lu G, Li J, Gao T, Liu Q, Chen O, Zhang X, Xiao M, Guo Y, Wang J, Tang Y, Gu J. Integration of dietary nutrition and TRIB3 action into diabetes mellitus. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:361-373. [PMID: 37226405 PMCID: PMC10859691 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite intensive studies for decades, the common mechanistic correlations among the underlying pathology of diabetes mellitus (DM), its complications, and effective clinical treatments remain poorly characterized. High-quality diets and nutrition therapy have played an indispensable role in the management of DM. More importantly, tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3), a nutrient-sensing and glucose-responsive regulator, might be an important stress-regulatory switch, linking glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Therefore, this review aimed to introduce the latest research progress on the crosstalk between dietary nutrition intervention and TRIB3 in the development and treatment of DM. This study also summarized the possible mechanisms involved in the signaling pathways of TRIB3 action in DM, in order to gain an in-depth understanding of dietary nutrition intervention and TRIB3 in the pathogenesis of DM at the organism level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangping Lu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ting Gao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingbo Liu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ou Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjie Xiao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanfang Guo
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yufeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Junlian Gu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lee SK, Park CY, Kim J, Kim D, Choe H, Kim JH, Hong JP, Lee YJ, Heo Y, Park HS, Jang YJ. TRIB3 Is Highly Expressed in the Adipose Tissue of Obese Patients and Is Associated With Insulin Resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1057-e1073. [PMID: 34718616 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The upregulation of TRIB3 (Tribbles homolog 3), a stress-inducible gene encoding a pseudokinase, has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle and liver of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, there is little information regarding TRIB3 expression in human adipose tissue. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether TRIB3 expression is dysregulated in human adipose tissue in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes and whether TRIB3 expression in adipose tissues is associated with insulin resistance. METHODS We measured metabolic parameters and TRIB3 expression in abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in obese (with or without type 2 diabetes) and normal-weight women. Regulation of TRIB3 expression was studied in human adipocytes. RESULTS TRIB3 expression in both fat depots was higher in patients with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes; in addition, the expression level was significantly associated with insulin resistance. Incubating adipocytes under conditions mimicking the microenvironment of obese adipose tissue, including increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, induced TRIB3 expression. In human adipocytes, the overexpression of TRIB3 impaired insulin-stimulated protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and caused dysregulation of the transcription of genes encoding bioactive molecules released from adipocytes, such as proinflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, and leptin. Pioglitazone, an insulin-sensitizing agent, reduced both these effects of TRIB3 and the ER stressor-induced expression of TRB3. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that TRIB3 expression in adipose tissue is enhanced in patients with obesity and suggest that increased TRIB3 dysregulates adipocyte function, which may contribute to the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ki Lee
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brexogen Research Center, Brexogen Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Yoon Park
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brexogen Research Center, Brexogen Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Donguk Kim
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Choe
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Pio Hong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Ji Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yoonseok Heo
- Department of General Surgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hye Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Jin Jang
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Sun X, Song M, Wang H, Zhou H, Wang F, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zhong M, Ti Y. TRB3 gene silencing activates AMPK in adipose tissue with beneficial metabolic effects in obese and diabetic rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:22-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Fructose Beverage Consumption Induces a Metabolic Syndrome Phenotype in the Rat: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090577. [PMID: 27657120 PMCID: PMC5037561 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A high intake of refined carbohydrates, particularly the monosaccharide fructose, has been attributed to the growing epidemics of obesity and type-2 diabetes. Animal studies have helped elucidate the metabolic effects of dietary fructose, however, variations in study design make it difficult to draw conclusions. The aim of this study was to review the effects of fructose beverage consumption on body weight, systolic blood pressure and blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations in validated rat models. We searched Ovid Embase Classic + EmbaseMedline and Ovid Medline databases and included studies that used adolescent/adult male rats, with fructose beverage consumption for >3 weeks. Data from 26 studies were pooled by an inverse variance weighting method using random effects models, expressed as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, 10%–21% w/v fructose beverage consumption was associated with increased rodent body weight (SMD, 0.62 (95% CI: 0.18, 1.06)), systolic blood pressure (SMD, 2.94 (95% CI: 2.10, 3.77)) and blood glucose (SMD, 0.77 (95% CI: 0.36, 1.19)), insulin (SMD, 2.32 (95% CI: 1.57, 3.07)) and triglyceride (SMD, 1.87 (95% CI: 1.39, 2.34)) concentrations. Therefore, the consumption of a low concentration fructose beverage is sufficient to cause early signs of the metabolic syndrome in adult rats.
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Mondal D, Mathur A, Chandra PK. Tripping on TRIB3 at the junction of health, metabolic dysfunction and cancer. Biochimie 2016; 124:34-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Steverson D, Tian L, Fu Y, Zhang W, Ma E, Garvey WT. Tribbles Homolog 3 Promotes Foam Cell Formation Associated with Decreased Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Macrophages: Evidence for Reciprocal Regulation of Cholesterol Uptake and Inflammation. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2015; 14:7-15. [PMID: 26584255 DOI: 10.1089/met.2015.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance is central in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic disease; however, common mechanisms that explain the parallel development of both type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis have not been elucidated. We have previously shown that tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) can exert a chronic pathophysiological role in promoting insulin resistance and also has an acute physiological role to alternatively regulate glucose uptake in fat and muscle during short-term fasting and nutrient excess. Since TRB3 is expressed in human atherosclerotic plaques, we explored its role in foam cell formation to assess its potential contribution to atherogenesis. METHODS We have used human THP-1 monocytes, which transition to lipid-laden macrophage foam cells when exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). RESULTS We first observed that TRB3 was upregulated by more than twofold (P < 0.01) within 24 hr of treatment with ox-LDL. To determine whether TRB3 actively participated in foam cell formation, we overexpressed TRB3 in THP-1 monocytes and found that this led to a 1.5-fold increase in cholesterol accumulation after 48 hr (P < 0.01), compared with controls. At the same time, TRB3 overexpression suppressed inflammation in macrophages as evidenced by reduced expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) (both P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS (1) TRB3 is upregulated in macrophages upon treatment with ox-LDL; (2) TRB3 promotes lipid accumulation and suppresses cytokine expression; and (3) inflammation and foam cell formation can be reciprocally regulated, and TRB3 orients the macrophage to assume a more primary role for lipid accumulation while maintaining a secondary role as an inflammatory immune cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Steverson
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham Alabama.,2 Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham Alabama
| | - Ling Tian
- 2 Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham Alabama
| | - Yuchang Fu
- 2 Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham Alabama
| | - Wei Zhang
- 2 Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham Alabama
| | - Elizabeth Ma
- 2 Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham Alabama
| | - William Timothy Garvey
- 2 Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham Alabama.,3 Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Birmingham, Alabama
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of select neuronal populations, but the prodeath genes mediating the neurodegenerative processes remain to be fully elucidated. Trib3 (tribbles pseudokinase 3) is a stress-induced gene with proapoptotic activity that was previously described as highly activated at the transcriptional level in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) cellular model of PD. Here, we report that Trib3 immunostaining is elevated in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of human PD patients. Trib3 protein is also upregulated in cellular models of PD, including neuronal PC12 cells and rat dopaminergic ventral midbrain neurons treated with 6-OHDA, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), or α-synuclein fibrils (αSYN). In the toxin models, Trib3 induction is substantially mediated by the transcription factors CHOP and ATF4. Trib3 overexpression is sufficient to promote neuronal death; conversely, Trib3 knockdown protects neuronal PC12 cells as well as ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons from 6-OHDA, MPP+, or αSYN. Mechanism studies revealed that Trib3 physically interacts with Parkin, a prosurvival protein whose loss of function is associated with PD. Elevated Trib3 reduces Parkin expression in cultured cells; and in the SNpc of PD patients, Parkin levels are reduced in a subset of dopaminergic neurons expressing high levels of Trib3. Loss of Parkin at least partially mediates the prodeath actions of Trib3 in that Parkin knockdown in cellular PD models abolishes the protective effect of Trib3 downregulation. Together, these findings identify Trib3 and its regulatory pathways as potential targets to suppress the progression of neuron death and degeneration in PD. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. Current treatments ameliorate symptoms, but not the underlying neuronal death. Understanding the core neurodegenerative processes in PD is a prerequisite for identifying new therapeutic targets and, ultimately, curing this disease. Here, we describe a novel pathway involving the proapoptotic protein Trib3 in neuronal death associated with PD. These findings are supported by data from multiple cellular models of PD and by immunostaining of postmortem PD brains. Upstream, Trib3 is induced by the transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP; and downstream, Trib3 interferes with the PD-associated prosurvival protein Parkin to mediate death. These findings establish this new pathway as a potential and promising therapeutic target for treatment of PD.
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Liu YS, Huang ZW, Wang L, Liu XX, Wang YM, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Sitagliptin alleviated myocardial remodeling of the left ventricle and improved cardiac diastolic dysfunction in diabetic rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 127:260-74. [PMID: 25837922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-Ⅳ) inhibitor, has a biological role in improving the serum levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Hence, we sought to determine the effect of sitagliptin on myocardial inflammation, collagen metabolism, lipid content and myocardial apoptosis in diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by low-dose streptozotocin and a high-fat diet. Characteristics of diabetic rats were evaluated by electrocardiography, echocardiography and blood analysis. Cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, cardiomyocyte density, lipid accumulation, and receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) level, related to apoptosis, were detected by histopathologic analysis, RT-PCR and western blot analysis to evaluate the effects of sitagliptin on myocardial remodeling of the left ventricle. RESULTS Diabetic rats showed myocardial hypertrophy or apoptosis, inflammation, lipid accumulation, myocardial fibrosis, elevated collagen content, RIP3 overexpression, and left-ventricular dysfunction. Sitagliptin could reverse the overexpression of RIP3 and alleviate cellular apoptosis in myocardial tissues. It could significantly improve left-ventricular systolic pressure and +dp/dt max, reduce the E/E' ratio, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, -dp/dt max and Tau in diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS Sitagliptin might have a myocardial protective effect by inhibiting apoptosis, inflammation, lipid accumulation and myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats, for a potential role in improving left-ventricular function in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China; Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
| | - Xin-Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
| | - Yong-Mei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
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Das R, Sebo Z, Pence L, Dobens LL. Drosophila tribbles antagonizes insulin signaling-mediated growth and metabolism via interactions with Akt kinase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109530. [PMID: 25329475 PMCID: PMC4198113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila Tribbles (Trbl) is the founding member of the Trib family of kinase-like docking proteins that modulate cell signaling during proliferation, migration and growth. In a wing misexpression screen for Trbl interacting proteins, we identified the Ser/Thr protein kinase Akt1. Given the central role of Akt1 in insulin signaling, we tested the function of Trbl in larval fat body, a tissue where rapid increases in size are exquisitely sensitive to insulin/insulin-like growth factor levels. Consistent with a role in antagonizing insulin-mediated growth, trbl RNAi knockdown in the fat body increased cell size, advanced the timing of pupation and increased levels of circulating triglyceride. Complementarily, overexpression of Trbl reduced fat body cell size, decreased overall larval size, delayed maturation and lowered levels of triglycerides, while circulating glucose levels increased. The conserved Trbl kinase domain is required for function in vivo and for interaction with Akt in a yeast two-hybrid assay. Consistent with direct regulation of Akt, overexpression of Trbl in the fat body decreased levels of activated Akt (pSer505-Akt) while misexpression of trbl RNAi increased phospho-Akt levels, and neither treatment affected total Akt levels. Trbl misexpression effectively suppressed Akt-mediated wing and muscle cell size increases and reduced phosphorylation of the Akt target FoxO (pSer256-FoxO). Taken together, these data show that Drosophila Trbl has a conserved role to bind Akt and block Akt-mediated insulin signaling, and implicate Trib proteins as novel sites of signaling pathway integration that link nutrient availability with cell growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Das
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Zachary Sebo
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Laramie Pence
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Leonard L. Dobens
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mega C, Vala H, Rodrigues-Santos P, Oliveira J, Teixeira F, Fernandes R, Reis F, de Lemos ET. Sitagliptin prevents aggravation of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic damage in the Zucker Diabetic Fatty rat - focus on amelioration of metabolic profile and tissue cytoprotective properties. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2014; 6:42. [PMID: 24650557 PMCID: PMC3998187 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-6-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate some of the possible mechanisms underlying the protective effects of a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor, sitagliptin, on pancreatic tissue in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat, focusing on glycaemic, insulinic and lipidic profiles, as well as, on apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and proliferation mediators. METHODS Male obese diabetic ZDF (fa/fa) rats, aged 20 weeks, were treated with sitagliptin (10 mg/kg bw/day) during 6 weeks and compared to untreated diabetic and lean control littermates. Metabolic data was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the treatment, including glycaemia, HbA1c, insulinaemia, HOMA-beta and TGs. Endocrine and exocrine pancreas lesions were assessed semiquantitatively by histopathological methods. Pancreas gene (mRNA) and protein expression of mediators of apoptotic machinery, inflammation and angiogenesis/proliferation (Bax, Bcl2, IL-1β, VEGF, PCNA and TRIB3) were analyzed by RT-qPCR and/or by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Sitagliptin treatment for 6 weeks (between 20 and 26 week-old) was able to significantly (p < 0.001) ameliorate all the metabolic parameters, by preventing the increase in blood glucose and in serum TGs contents (16.54% and 37.63%, respectively, vs untreated), as well as, by preventing the decrease in serum insulin levels and in the functional beta cells capacity accessed via HOMA-beta index (156.28% and 191.74%, respectively, vs untreated). Sitagliptin-treated diabetic rats presented a reduced pancreas Bax/Bcl2 ratio, suggestive of an antiapoptotic effect; in addition, sitagliptin was able to completely reduce (p < 0.001) the pancreas overexpression of IL-1β and TRIB3 found in the untreated diabetic animals; and promoted a significant (p < 0.001) overexpression of VEGF and PCNA. CONCLUSION In this animal model of obese T2DM (the ZDF rat), sitagliptin prevented β-cell dysfunction and evolution of pancreatic damage. The protective effects afforded by this DPP-IV inhibitor may derive from improvement of the metabolic profile (viewed by the amelioration of glucose and TGs levels and of insulin resistance) and from cytoprotective properties, such as antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and pro-proliferative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mega
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, Sub-Unit 1 (Polo III), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- ESAV, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Helena Vala
- ESAV, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
- Center for Studies in Education, Technologies and Health (CI&DETS), Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Paulo Rodrigues-Santos
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Immunology and Oncology Laboratory, Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- ESAV, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
- Center for Studies in Education, Technologies and Health (CI&DETS), Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Frederico Teixeira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, Sub-Unit 1 (Polo III), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, Sub-Unit 1 (Polo III), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, Sub-Unit 1 (Polo III), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Edite Teixeira de Lemos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, Sub-Unit 1 (Polo III), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- ESAV, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
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Geng T, Hu W, Broadwater MH, Snider JM, Bielawski J, Russo SB, Schwacke JH, Ross J, Cowart LA. Fatty acids differentially regulate insulin resistance through endoplasm reticulum stress-mediated induction of tribbles homologue 3: a potential link between dietary fat composition and the pathophysiological outcomes of obesity. Diabetologia 2013; 56:2078-87. [PMID: 23820633 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Previous studies have shown that saturated fatty acids cause insulin resistance (IR) that is prevented by unsaturated fatty acids. Tribbles homologue 3 (TRIB3) is a putative endogenous inhibitor of insulin signalling, but its role in insulin signalling is controversial. This study aimed to determine whether fatty acids regulate IR via TRIB3. METHODS We treated HepG2 cells with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and evaluated TRIB3 expression. We then tested whether regulation of TRIB3 occurred through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and whether modulating TRIB3 and ER stress marker genes was necessary and/or sufficient for regulation of insulin signalling. To test the in vivo significance of this mechanism, we fed mice obesogenic diets with different fatty acid profiles and assessed physiological variables of diabetes, ER stress markers and Trib3 expression in the liver. RESULTS Our data show that fatty acids differentially regulate IR through ER stress-mediated induction of TRIB3. Intriguingly, a standard and widely used obesogenic diet high in unsaturated fats failed to induce ER stress, TRIB3 or IR. However, an alternative obesogenic diet with lower unsaturated fat recapitulated the cell studies by causing ER stress, TRIB3 induction and IR. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study revealed a novel mechanism linking dietary fat composition to IR. Given the emerging roles for ER stress in non-alcoholic liver disease, we conclude that dietary fat composition rather than total amount may mediate hepatic pathology associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Geng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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C. García MD, C. Godoy Y, M. Celuch S. Impaired hypotensive responses induced by intrathecally injected drugs in fructose-fed rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 706:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cunard R. Mammalian tribbles homologs at the crossroads of endoplasmic reticulum stress and Mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. SCIENTIFICA 2013; 2013:750871. [PMID: 24490110 PMCID: PMC3892554 DOI: 10.1155/2013/750871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In 2000, investigators discovered Tribbles, a Drosophila protein that coordinates morphogenesis by inhibiting mitosis. Further work has delineated Xenopus (Xtrb2), Nematode (Nipi-3), and mammalian homologs of Drosophila tribbles, which include TRB1, TRB2, and TRB3. The sequences of tribbles homologs are highly conserved, and despite their protein kinase structure, to date they have not been shown to have kinase activity. TRB family members play a role in the differentiation of macrophages, lymphocytes, muscle cells, adipocytes, and osteoblasts. TRB isoforms also coordinate a number of critical cellular processes including glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, cellular stress, survival, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. TRB family members modulate multiple complex signaling networks including mitogen activated protein kinase cascades, protein kinase B/AKT signaling, mammalian target of rapamycin, and inflammatory pathways. The following review will discuss metazoan homologs of Drosophila tribbles, their structure, expression patterns, and functions. In particular, we will focus on TRB3 function in the kidney in podocytes. This review will also discuss the key signaling pathways with which tribbles proteins interact and provide a rationale for developing novel therapeutics that exploit these interactions to provide better treatment options for both acute and chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Cunard
- Research Service and Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Mail Code 151, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- *Robyn Cunard:
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Prudente S, Sesti G, Pandolfi A, Andreozzi F, Consoli A, Trischitta V. The mammalian tribbles homolog TRIB3, glucose homeostasis, and cardiovascular diseases. Endocr Rev 2012; 33:526-46. [PMID: 22577090 PMCID: PMC3410226 DOI: 10.1210/er.2011-1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Insulin signaling plays a physiological role in traditional insulin target tissues controlling glucose homeostasis as well as in pancreatic β-cells and in the endothelium. Insulin signaling abnormalities may, therefore, be pathogenic for insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, endothelial dysfunction, and eventually, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) is a 45-kDa pseudokinase binding to and inhibiting Akt, a key mediator of insulin signaling. Akt-mediated effects of TRIB3 in the liver, pancreatic β-cells, and skeletal muscle result in impaired glucose homeostasis. TRIB3 effects are also modulated by its direct interaction with other signaling molecules. In humans, TRIB3 overactivity, due to TRIB3 overexpression or to Q84R genetic polymorphism, with R84 being a gain-of-function variant, may be involved in shaping the risk of insulin resistance, T2DM, and cardiovascular disease. TRIB3 overexpression has been observed in the liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and pancreatic β-cells of individuals with insulin resistance and/or T2DM. The R84 variant has also proved to be associated with insulin resistance, T2DM, and cardiovascular disease. TRIB3 direct effects on the endothelium might also play a role in increasing the risk of atherosclerosis, as indicated by studies on human endothelial cells carrying the R84 variant that are dysfunctional in terms of Akt activation, NO production, and other proatherogenic changes. In conclusion, studies on TRIB3 have unraveled new molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities. Additional investigations are needed to verify whether such acquired knowledge will be relevant for improving care delivery to patients with metabolic and cardiovascular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Prudente
- Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Mendel Laboratory, Italy
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15
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Fox CS, White CC, Lohman K, Heard-Costa N, Cohen P, Zhang Y, Johnson AD, Emilsson V, Liu CT, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Allison M, Budoff M, Rotter JI, Carr JJ, Hoffmann U, Ding J, Cupples LA, Liu Y. Genome-wide association of pericardial fat identifies a unique locus for ectopic fat. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002705. [PMID: 22589742 PMCID: PMC3349742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericardial fat is a localized fat depot associated with coronary artery calcium and myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that genetic loci would be associated with pericardial fat independent of other body fat depots. Pericardial fat was quantified in 5,487 individuals of European ancestry from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Genotyping was performed using standard arrays and imputed to ∼2.5 million Hapmap SNPs. Each study performed a genome-wide association analysis of pericardial fat adjusted for age, sex, weight, and height. A weighted z-score meta-analysis was conducted, and validation was obtained in an additional 3,602 multi-ethnic individuals from the MESA study. We identified a genome-wide significant signal in our primary meta-analysis at rs10198628 near TRIB2 (MAF 0.49, p = 2.7×10-08). This SNP was not associated with visceral fat (p = 0.17) or body mass index (p = 0.38), although we observed direction-consistent, nominal significance with visceral fat adjusted for BMI (p = 0.01) in the Framingham Heart Study. Our findings were robust among African ancestry (n = 1,442, p = 0.001), Hispanic (n = 1,399, p = 0.004), and Chinese (n = 761, p = 0.007) participants from the MESA study, with a combined p-value of 5.4E-14. We observed TRIB2 gene expression in the pericardial fat of mice. rs10198628 near TRIB2 is associated with pericardial fat but not measures of generalized or visceral adiposity, reinforcing the concept that there are unique genetic underpinnings to ectopic fat distribution. Pericardial fat is a localized fat depot associated with coronary artery calcium and myocardial infarction. To test whether genetic loci are associated with pericardial fat independent of other body fat depots, we measured pericardial fat in 5,487 individuals of European ancestry. After performing an unbiased screen using genome-wide association, we identified a genome-wide significant signal in our primary meta-analysis at rs10198628 near TRIB2 (MAF 0.49, p = 2.7×10-08). This SNP was not associated with visceral fat (p = 0.17) or body mass index (p = 0.38). Our findings were robust among multi-ethnic participants from the MESA study, with a combined p-value of 5.4E-14. We observed TRIB2 gene expression in the pericardial fat of mice. rs10198628 near TRIB2 is associated with pericardial fat but not measures of generalized or visceral adiposity, reinforcing the concept that there are unique genetic underpinnings to ectopic fat distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S. Fox
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CSF); (YL)
| | - Charles C. White
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nancy Heard-Costa
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul Cohen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Cancer Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Y.-D. Ida Chen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew Allison
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | | | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - J. Jeffrey Carr
- Departments of Radiologic Sciences, Internal Medicine-Cardiology, and Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Udo Hoffmann
- Cardiac MR, PET, CT Program and the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CSF); (YL)
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Ti Y, Xie GL, Wang ZH, Bi XL, Ding WY, Wang J, Jiang GH, Bu PL, Zhang Y, Zhong M, Zhang W. TRB3 gene silencing alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy in a type 2 diabetic rat model. Diabetes 2011; 60:2963-74. [PMID: 21933987 PMCID: PMC3198078 DOI: 10.2337/db11-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tribbles 3 (TRB3) is associated with insulin resistance, an important trigger in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). We sought to determine whether TRB3 plays a major role in modulating DCM and the mechanisms involved. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin. We evaluated the characteristics of type 2 DCM by serial echocardiography and metabolite tests, Western blot analysis for TRB3 expression, and histopathologic analyses of cardiomyocyte density, lipids accumulation, cardiac inflammation, and fibrosis area. We then used gene silencing to investigate the role of TRB3 in the pathophysiologic features of DCM. RESULTS Rats with DCM showed severe insulin resistance, left ventricular dysfunction, aberrant lipids deposition, cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and TRB3 overexpression. We found that the silencing of TRB3 ameliorated metabolic disturbance and insulin resistance; myocardial hypertrophy, lipids accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and elevated collagen I-to-III content ratio in DCM rats were significantly decreased. These anatomic findings were accompanied by significant improvements in cardiac function. Furthermore, with TRB3 gene silencing, the inhibited phosphorylation of Akt was restored and the increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase in DCM was significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS TRB3 gene silencing may exert a protective effect on DCM by improving selective insulin resistance, implicating its potential role for treatment of human DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Zhong
- Corresponding author: Wei Zhang, , or Ming Zhong,
| | - Wei Zhang
- Corresponding author: Wei Zhang, , or Ming Zhong,
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17
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Weismann D, Erion DM, Ignatova-Todorava I, Nagai Y, Stark R, Hsiao JJ, Flannery C, Birkenfeld AL, May T, Kahn M, Zhang D, Yu XX, Murray SF, Bhanot S, Monia BP, Cline GW, Shulman GI, Samuel VT. Knockdown of the gene encoding Drosophila tribbles homologue 3 (Trib3) improves insulin sensitivity through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) activation in a rat model of insulin resistance. Diabetologia 2011; 54:935-44. [PMID: 21190014 PMCID: PMC4061906 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insulin action is purportedly modulated by Drosophila tribbles homologue 3 (TRIB3), which in vitro prevents thymoma viral proto-oncogene (AKT) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) activation. However, the physiological impact of TRIB3 action in vivo remains controversial. METHODS We investigated the role of TRIB3 in rats treated with either a control or Trib3 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO). Tissue-specific insulin sensitivity was assessed in vivo using a euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp. A separate group was treated with the PPAR-γ antagonist bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether (BADGE) to assess the role of PPAR-γ in mediating the response to Trib3 ASO. RESULTS Trib3 ASO treatment specifically reduced Trib3 expression by 70% to 80% in liver and white adipose tissue. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin concentrations and basal rate of endogenous glucose production were unchanged. However, Trib3 ASO increased insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose uptake by ~50% during the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp. This was attributable to improved skeletal muscle glucose uptake. Despite the reduction of Trib3 expression, AKT2 activity was not increased. Trib3 ASO increased white adipose tissue mass by 70% and expression of Ppar-γ and its key target genes, raising the possibility that Trib3 ASO improves insulin sensitivity primarily in a PPAR-γ-dependent manner. Co-treatment with BADGE blunted the expansion of white adipose tissue and abrogated the insulin-sensitising effects of Trib3 ASO. Finally, Trib3 ASO also increased plasma HDL-cholesterol, a change that persisted with BADGE co-treatment. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data suggest that TRIB3 inhibition improves insulin sensitivity in vivo primarily in a PPAR-γ-dependent manner and without any change in AKT2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Weismann
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
- Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Schwerpunkt Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Würzburg, Germany
| | - D. M. Erion
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - I. Ignatova-Todorava
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
| | - Y. Nagai
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
| | - R. Stark
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
| | - J. J. Hsiao
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
| | - C. Flannery
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
| | - A. L. Birkenfeld
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
| | - T. May
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M. Kahn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D. Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - X. X. Yu
- Isis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | - S. Bhanot
- Isis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | - G. W. Cline
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
| | - G. I. Shulman
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - V. T. Samuel
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine PO BOX 802010, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
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18
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Hwang I, Yoon T, Kim C, Cho B, Lee S, Song MK. Different roles of zinc plus arachidonic acid on insulin sensitivity between high fructose- and high fat-fed rats. Life Sci 2010; 88:278-84. [PMID: 21167181 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was to determine the effects of zinc plus arachidonic acid (ZA) treatment on the insulin action in the specific ZA target organs using hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp method. MAIN METHODS 18 Sprague-Dawley rats weighing ~130 g were divided into 3 groups of 6 rats and treated them with 1) normal rat chow, 2) high fructose (60.0%) diet only, or 3) the same fructose diet plus drinking water containing 10mg zinc plus 50mg arachidonic acid (AA)/L. In a separate study, male Wistar rats weighing ~250 g were fed normal rat chow (n=4) or high fat (66.5%) diet with drinking water containing zero (n=9) or 10mg AA plus 20mg zinc /L (n=9). After 4 week treatment, insulin action was assessed using the hyperinsulinemic eguglycemic clamp technique. KEY FINDINGS High fructose feeding impaired suppression of hepatic glucose output by insulin compared to controls during the clamp procedure (4.39 vs. 2.35 mg/kg/min; p<0.05). However, ZA treatment in high fructose-fed rats showed a significant improvement of hepatic insulin sensitivity compared to non-treatment controls (4.39 vs. 2.18 mg/kg/min; p<0.05). Glucose infusion rates in Wistar rats maintained on a high fat diet (HFD) were significantly lower compared to control rats (22.8 ± 1.3 vs. 31.9 ± 1.4 mg/kg/min; p<0.05). ZA treatment significantly improved (~43%) peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity in HFD fed animals (26.7 ± 1.3 [n=9] vs. 22.8 ± 1.3mg/kg/min; p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE These data demonstrate that ZA treatment is effective in improving glucose utilization in hyperglycemic rats receiving either a high-fructose or a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inkyung Hwang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
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19
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Jang YY, Kim NK, Kim MK, Lee HY, Kim SJ, Kim HS, Seo HY, Lee IK, Park KG. The Effect of Tribbles-Related Protein 3 on ER Stress-Suppressed Insulin Gene Expression in INS-1 Cells. KOREAN DIABETES JOURNAL 2010; 34:312-9. [PMID: 21076579 PMCID: PMC2972491 DOI: 10.4093/kdj.2010.34.5.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly developed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structure in pancreatic beta cells is heavily involved in insulin biosynthesis. Thus, any perturbation in ER function inevitably impacts insulin biosynthesis. Recent studies showed that the expression of tribbles-related protein 3 (TRB3), a mammalian homolog of Drosophilia tribbles, in various cell types is induced by ER stress. Here, we examined whether ER stress induces TRB3 expression in INS-1 cells and found that TRB3 mediates ER stress-induced suppression of insulin gene expression. METHODS The effects of tunicamycin and thapsigargin on insulin and TRB3 expression in INS-1 cells were measured by Northern and Western blot analysis, respectively. The effects of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRB3 on insulin, PDX-1 and MafA gene expression in INS-1 cells were measured by Northern blot analysis. The effect of TRB3 on insulin promoter was measured by transient transfection study with constructs of human insulin promoter. RESULTS The treatment of INS-1 cells with tunicamycin and thapsigargin decreased insulin mRNA expression, but increased TRB3 protein expression. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRB3 decreased insulin gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. A transient transfection study showed that TRB3 inhibited insulin promoter activity, suggesting that TRB3 inhibited insulin gene expression at transcriptional level. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRB3 also decreased PDX-1 mRNA expression, but did not influence MafA mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that ER stress induced TRB3 expression, but decreased both insulin and PDX-1 gene expression in INS-1 cells. Our data suggest that TRB3 plays an important role in ER stress-induced beta cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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20
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Ostertag A, Jones A, Rose AJ, Liebert M, Kleinsorg S, Reimann A, Vegiopoulos A, Diaz MB, Strzoda D, Yamamoto M, Satoh T, Akira S, Herzig S. Control of adipose tissue inflammation through TRB1. Diabetes 2010; 59:1991-2000. [PMID: 20522600 PMCID: PMC2911068 DOI: 10.2337/db09-1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Based on its role as an energy storage compartment and endocrine organ, white adipose tissue (WAT) fulfills a critical function in the maintenance of whole-body energy homeostasis. Indeed, WAT dysfunction is connected to obesity-related type 2 diabetes triggered at least partly by an inflammatory response in adipocytes. The pseudokinase tribbles (TRB) 3 has been identified by us and others as a critical regulator of hepatic glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes and WAT lipid homeostasis. Therefore, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that the TRB gene family fulfills broader functions in the integration of metabolic and inflammatory pathways in various tissues. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS To determine the role of TRB family members for WAT function, we profiled the expression patterns of TRB13 under healthy and metabolic stress conditions. The differentially expressed TRB1 was functionally characterized in loss-of-function animal and primary adipocyte models. RESULTS Here, we show that the expression of TRB1 was specifically upregulated during acute and chronic inflammation in WAT of mice. Deficiency of TRB1 was found to impair cytokine gene expression in white adipocytes and to protect against high-fat diet-induced obesity. In adipocytes, TRB1 served as a nuclear transcriptional coactivator for the nuclear factor kappaB subunit RelA, thereby promoting the induction of proinflammatory cytokines in these cells. CONCLUSIONS As inflammation is typically seen in sepsis, insulin resistance, and obesity-related type 2 diabetes, the dual role of TRB1 as both a target and a (co) activator of inflammatory signaling might provide a molecular rationale for the amplification of proinflammatory responses in WAT in these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Ostertag
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Allan Jones
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adam J. Rose
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Liebert
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kleinsorg
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Reimann
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandros Vegiopoulos
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mauricio Berriel Diaz
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Strzoda
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Satoh
- Department of Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Department of Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Emmy Noether and Marie Curie Research Group, Molecular Metabolic Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Corresponding author: Stephan Herzig,
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Liu J, Wu X, Franklin JL, Messina JL, Hill HS, Moellering DR, Walton RG, Martin M, Garvey WT. Mammalian Tribbles homolog 3 impairs insulin action in skeletal muscle: role in glucose-induced insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010; 298:E565-76. [PMID: 19996382 PMCID: PMC2838520 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) was found to inhibit insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and modulate gluconeogenesis in rodent liver. Currently, we examined a role for TRIB3 in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Ten insulin-sensitive, ten insulin-resistant, and ten untreated type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients were metabolically characterized by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamps, and biopsies of vastus lateralis were obtained. Skeletal muscle samples were also collected from rodent models including streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, db/db mice, and Zucker fatty rats. Finally, L6 muscle cells were used to examine regulation of TRIB3 by glucose, and stable cell lines hyperexpressing TRIB3 were generated to identify mechanisms underlying TRIB3-induced insulin resistance. We found that 1) skeletal muscle TRIB3 protein levels are significantly elevated in T2DM patients; 2) muscle TRIB3 protein content is inversely correlated with glucose disposal rates and positively correlated with fasting glucose; 3) skeletal muscle TRIB3 protein levels are increased in STZ-diabetic rats, db/db mice, and Zucker fatty rats; 4) stable TRIB3 hyperexpression in muscle cells blocks insulin-stimulated glucose transport and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation and impairs phosphorylation of Akt, ERK, and insulin receptor substrate-1 in insulin signal transduction; and 5) TRIB3 mRNA and protein levels are increased by high glucose concentrations, as well as by glucose deprivation in muscle cells. These data identify TRIB3 induction as a novel molecular mechanism in human insulin resistance and diabetes. TRIB3 acts as a nutrient sensor and could mediate the component of insulin resistance attributable to hyperglycemia (i.e., glucose toxicity) in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Liu
- Dept. of Nutrition Sciences, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-3360, USA
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22
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Shi Z, Liu J, Guo Q, Ma X, Shen L, Xu S, Gao H, Yuan X, Zhang J. Association of TRB3 gene Q84R polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese population. Endocrine 2009; 35:414-9. [PMID: 19291425 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-009-9162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TRB3, a human homolog of Drosophila Tribbles, has been shown as a critical negative regulator of Akt (also known as protein kinase B), which is a key component in insulin signaling. In addition, TRB3 is another PPAR-target gene and functions as an important link between glucose and lipid metabolism. The Q84R polymorphic variant of TRB3 has been linked to insulin resistance and related clinical outcomes. However, it is unclear whether this polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Chinese population. METHODS In this study, we genotyped Q84R polymorphism in 177 patients with T2DM and 245 control subjects in Chinese population by using the polymerase chain reaction/ligase detection reaction (PCR/LDR) assay. RESULTS No significant difference in the Q84R genotype frequency was observed between T2DM patients and controls (P = 0.642). In T2DM group, the Q84R variant in cases was associated with higher FINS, higher HOMA-IR, and lower LnISI (P = 0.003, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). However, the changes in HOMA-IR and LnISI were not significant in controls (the P value is 0.098 and 0.203, respectively). In addition, FINS levels were also significantly increased from Q84Q to R84 in controls (P = 0.036). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the TRB3 Q84R polymorphism is not associated with T2DM in Chinese population. However, the Q84R variant is associated with insulin resistance among T2DM patients in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Shi
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
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Wang YG, Shi M, Wang T, Shi T, Wei J, Wang N, Chen XM. Signal transduction mechanism of TRB3 in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:2329-35. [PMID: 19452573 PMCID: PMC2684597 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the possible role of Tribble 3 (TRB3) in a rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its signal transduction mechanism.
METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: normal control group, non-alcoholic fatty liver group A (fed on a high-fat diet for 8 wk) and group B (fed on a high-fat diet for 16 wk). To determine the degree of hepatic steatosis in rats of each group, livers were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and evaluated; real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the expression levels of TRB3 mRNA; and Western blotting analysis was done to determine the expression levels of protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt-Thr308, p-Akt-Ser473).
RESULTS: Hepatic steatosis was evident in both NAFLD groups: mild to moderate hepatic steatosis occurred in group A, mainly as mild steatosis. Moderate to severe hepatic steatosis occurred in group B, mainly as severe steatosis. The expression level of TRB3 mRNA in group B was significantly higher than in the control group (122.28 ± 95.37 vs 3.06 ± 2.33, P = 0.001) and group A (122.28 ± 95.37 vs 5.77 ± 4.20, P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the expression levels of Akt (1.03 ± 0.53 vs 1.12 ± 0.77, P = 0.729) and p-Akt-Thr308 (0.82 ± 0.45 vs 0.92 ± 0.38, P = 0.592) between group A and the control group. The expression level of Akt and p-Akt-Thr308 in group B was significantly lower than in group A (Akt 0.41 ± 0.16 vs 1.12 ± 0.77, P = 0.008; p-Akt-Thr308 0.47 ± 0.19 vs 0.82 ± 0.45, P = 0.036) and the control group (Akt 0.41 ± 0.16 vs 1.03 ± 0.53, P = 0.018; p-Akt-Thr308 0.47 ± 0.19 vs 0.92 ± 0.38, P = 0.010). The expression level of p-Akt-Ser473 in group A was significantly higher than in group B (1.48 ± 0.50 vs 0.81 ± 0.39, P = 0.041) as well as the control group (1.48 ± 0.50 vs 0.45 ± 0.26, P = 0.003).
CONCLUSION: TRB3 blocks insulin signaling by inhibiting Akt activation, which contributes to insulin resistance. It may be an important factor in the occurrence and development of NAFLD.
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Du K, Ding J. Insulin regulates TRB3 and other stress-responsive gene expression through induction of C/EBPbeta. Mol Endocrinol 2009; 23:475-85. [PMID: 19164449 DOI: 10.1210/me.2008-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudokinase TRB3 is an inducible gene whose expression is regulated by stress response and insulin and associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. In this report, we have investigated the mechanism under which insulin regulates TRB3 gene expression and demonstrated that insulin induces TRB3 expression via C/EBPbeta. We found that in Fao hepatoma and 3T3-L1 adipocytes, C/EBPbeta expression induced by insulin preceded that of TRB3 and that mutation of the C/EBPbeta binding site in TRB3 promoter abolished the responsiveness of the TRB3 gene to insulin. We further showed that ectopic expression of C/EBPbeta augmented, whereas knockdown of C/EBPbeta reduced, TRB3 expression induced by insulin. In addition, we presented data to show that insulin, through a similar mechanism under which insulin induces TRB3 expression, promotes the expression of genes such as ANAS, ATF3, BIP, and CHOP, which are typical stress-responsive genes. We also examined the impact of C/EBPbeta expression on Akt activation and found that inaction of C/EBPbeta not only augmented Akt activation but also obliterated the suppression of Akt activation due to prolonged insulin stimulation. We suggest, through induction of C/EBPbeta in hepatic cells and adipocytes, that insulin induces the expression of stress-responsive genes, which may represent a novel insulin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyong Du
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
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