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Yang JY, Wang HB, Zhang DC. Response of the root anatomical structure of Carex moorcroftii to habitat drought in the Western Sichuan Plateau of China. PLANTA 2024; 259:131. [PMID: 38652171 PMCID: PMC11039561 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The anatomical structures of Carex moorcroftii roots showing stronger plasticity during drought had a lower coefficient of variation in cell size in the same habitats, while those showing weaker plasticity had a higher coefficient of variation. The complementary relationship between these factors comprises the adaptation mechanism of the C. moorcroftii root to drought. To explore the effects of habitat drought on root anatomy of hygrophytic plants, this study focused on roots of C. moorcroftii. Five sample plots were set up along a soil moisture gradient in the Western Sichuan Plateau to collect experimental materials. Paraffin sectioning was used to obtain root anatomy, and one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and RDA ranking were applied to analyze the relationship between root anatomy and soil water content. The results showed that the root transverse section area, thickness of epidermal cells, exodermis and Casparian strips, and area of aerenchyma were significantly and positively correlated with soil moisture content (P < 0.01). The diameter of the vascular cylinder and the number and total area of vessels were significantly and negatively correlated with the soil moisture content (P < 0.01). The plasticity of the anatomical structures was strong for the diameter and area of the vascular cylinder and thickness of the Casparian strip and epidermis, while it was weak for vessel diameter and area. In addition, there was an asymmetrical relationship between the functional adaptation of root anatomical structure in different soil moisture and the variation degree of root anatomical structure in the same soil moisture. Therefore, the roots of C. moorcroftii can shorten the water transport distance from the epidermis to the vascular cylinder, increase the area of the vascular cylinder and the number of vessels, and establish a complementary relationship between the functional adaptation of root anatomical structure in different habitats and the variation degree of root anatomical structure in the same habitat to adapt to habitat drought. This study provides a scientific basis for understanding the response of plateau wetland plants to habitat changes and their ecological adaptation strategies. More scientific experimental methods should be adopted to further study the mutual coordination mechanisms of different anatomical structures during root adaptation to habitat drought for hygrophytic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Bailongsi 300#, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Hong-Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Bailongsi 300#, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Da-Cai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Bailongsi 300#, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
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2
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Li J, Huang C, Lai L, Wang L, Li M, Tan Y, Zhang T. Selenium hyperaccumulator plant Cardamine enshiensis: from discovery to application. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:5515-5529. [PMID: 37355493 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animals and humans. Se biofortification and Se functional agriculture are emerging strategies to satisfy the needs of people who are deficient in Se. With 200 km2 of Se-excess area, Enshi is known as the "world capital of Se." Cardamine enshiensis (C. enshiensis) is a Se hyperaccumulation plant discovered in the Se mine drainage area of Enshi. It is edible and has been approved by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China as a new source of food, and the annual output value of the Se-rich industry in Enshi City exceeds 60 billion RMB. This review will mainly focus on the discovery and mechanism underlying Se tolerance and Se hyperaccumulation in C. enshiensis and highlight its potential utilization in Se biofortification agriculture, graziery, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Cancer Center, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chuying Huang
- Cancer Center, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Selenium and Human Health Institute, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China.
| | - Lin Lai
- Hubei Selenium and Human Health Institute, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Li Wang
- Hubei Selenium and Human Health Institute, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Minglong Li
- Second Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Hubei Selenium and Human Health Institute, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Cancer Center, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Yu F, Yu X, Liu R, Guo D, Deng Q, Liang B, Liu X, Dong H. Dregs of Cardamine hupingshanensis as a feed additive to improve the egg quality. Front Nutr 2022; 9:915865. [PMID: 35967814 PMCID: PMC9366334 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.915865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural plant herbs have many active compounds to prevent poultry diseases and improve poultry products. However, most herbs are supplied for human medicine. Thus, for economic and sustainable development purposes, the dregs of Cardamine hupingshanensis (DCH) were developed as a feed additive to improve the egg quality of laying hens in this work. Results showed that the contents of selenium in hen serum and eggs were increased under DCH feeding. Subsequently, DCH also promotes the antioxidant capacity and immunity of laying hens through the increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) by ELISA detection. Finally, production performance and egg quality were further graded by monitoring the product condition and scoring the indexes of egg quality, which also displayed that DCH as a feed additive significantly improved the egg quality by enhancing yolk color, eggshell thickness, and egg shape index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feike Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Rongchen Liu
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Deng
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoye Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Wu D, Li L, Li C, Dun B, Zhang J, Li T, Zhou C, Tan D, Yang C, Huang G, Zhang X. Apoplastic histochemical features of plant root walls that may facilitate ion uptake and retention. Open Life Sci 2022; 16:1347-1356. [PMID: 35071769 PMCID: PMC8749128 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We used brightfield and epifluorescence microscopy, as well as permeability tests, to investigate the apoplastic histochemical features of plant roots associated with ion hyperaccumulation, invasion, and tolerance of oligotrophic conditions. In hyperaccumulator species with a hypodermis (exodermis absent), ions penetrated the root apex, including the root cap. By contrast, in non-hyperaccumulator species possessing an exodermis, ions did not penetrate the root cap. In vivo, the lignified hypodermis blocked the entry of ions into the cortex, while root exodermis absorbed ions and restricted them to the cortex. The roots of the hyperaccumulators Pteris vittata and Cardamine hupingshanensis, as well as the aquatic invasives Alternanthera philoxeroides, Eichhornia crassipes, and Pistia stratiotes, contained lignin and pectins. These compounds may trap and store ions before hypodermis maturation, facilitating ion hyperaccumulation and retention in the apoplastic spaces of the roots. These apoplastic histochemical features were consistent with certain species-specific characters, including ion hyperaccumulation, invasive behaviors in aquatic environments, or tolerance of oligotrophic conditions. We suggest that apoplastic histochemical features of the root may act as invasion mechanisms, allowing these invasive aquatic plants to outcompete indigenous plants for ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Linbao Li
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Bicheng Dun
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Ten Li
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agriculture Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Cunyu Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agriculture Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Debao Tan
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Chaodong Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agriculture Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Guiyun Huang
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agriculture Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
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Li L, Wu D, Zhen Q, Zhang J, Qiu L, Huang G, Yang C. Morphological structures and histochemistry of roots and shoots in Myricaria laxiflora (Tamaricaceae). Open Life Sci 2021; 16:455-463. [PMID: 34017920 PMCID: PMC8114956 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myricaria laxiflora (Tamaricaceae) is an endangered plant that is narrowly distributed in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges, along the Yangtze River, China. Using bright-field and epifluorescence microscopy, we investigated the anatomical and histochemical features that allow this species to tolerate both submerged and terrestrial environments. The adventitious roots of Myr. laxiflora had an endodermis with Casparian bands and suberin lamellae; the cortex and hypodermal walls had lignified thickenings in the primary structure. In the mature roots, the secondary structure had cork. The apoplastic barriers in stems consisted of a lignified fiber ring and a cuticle at the young stage and cork at the mature stage. The leaves had two layers of palisade tissue, a hyaline epidermis, sunken stomata, and a thick, papillose cuticle. Aerenchyma presented in the roots and shoots. Several Myr. laxiflora structures, including aerenchyma, apoplastic barriers in the roots and shoots, were adapted to riparian habitats. In addition, shoots had typical xerophyte features, including small leaves, bilayer palisade tissues, sunken stomata, a thick, papillose cuticle, and a hyaline epidermis. Thus, our study identified several anatomical features that may permit Myr. laxiflora to thrive in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbao Li
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Di Wu
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhen
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Liwen Qiu
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Guiyun Huang
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Chaodong Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agriculture Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
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Cheng Y, Huang Y, Liu K, Pan S, Qin Z, Wu T, Xu X. Cardamine hupingshanensis aqueous extract improves intestinal redox status and gut microbiota in Se-deficient rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:989-996. [PMID: 32761836 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an essential trace element for mammalian species, selenium (Se) possesses powerful antioxidant properties and is a potential regulator of intestinal microbiota. However, effects of Cardamine hupingshanensis aqueous extract (CE), rich in Se, on balancing the intestinal redox status and regulating gut microbiota have been neglected. RESULTS An Se-deficient rat model was established by feeding a low-Se diet (LD) for 5 weeks and CE was then supplemented to LD or normal-Se-diet (ND) rats. Antioxidant enzyme activities and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration were increased by CE in both LD and ND rats. CE improved the intestinal morphology of LD rats impaired by deficient Se. Intestinal microbiota demonstrated various changes; for example, Butyrivibrio was increased in LD rats, while Bacteroides, Christensenellaceae, Clostridiaceae and Blautia were enhanced in ND rats. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that CE shows potential in improving intestinal redox status and regulating gut microbiota. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiguo Qin
- Enshi Institute of Natural Plant Selenium, Enshi, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Wu D, Li L, Ma X, Huang G, Yang C. Morphological and anatomical adaptations to dry, shady environments in Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Pteridaceae). PeerJ 2020; 8:e9937. [PMID: 33062425 PMCID: PMC7532779 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural distribution of the rare perennial fern Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Pteridaceae), which is endemic to shady cliff environments, is limited to small areas of Wanzhou County, Chongqing, China. In this study, we used brightfield and epifluorescence microscopy to investigate the anatomical structures and histochemical features that may allow this species to thrive in shady, dry cliff environments. The A. reniforme var. sinense sporophyte had a primary structure and a dictyostele. The plants of this species had an endodermis, sclerenchyma layers and hypodermal sterome, reflecting an adaption to dry cliff environments. Blades had a thin cuticle and isolateral mesophyll, suggesting a tolerance of shady environments. These characteristics are similar to many sciophyte ferns such as Lygodium japonicum and Pteris multifida. Thus, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of A. reniforme var. sinense identified in this study are consistent with adaptations to shady, dry cliff environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, China
| | - Linbao Li
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, China
| | - Xiaobo Ma
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, China
| | - Guiyun Huang
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, China
| | - Chaodong Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agriculture Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Yang C, Zhang X, Wang T, Hu S, Zhou C, Zhang J, Wang Q. Phenotypic Plasticity in the Structure of Fine Adventitious Metasequoia glyptostroboides Roots Allows Adaptation to Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E501. [PMID: 31739463 PMCID: PMC6918158 DOI: 10.3390/plants8110501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Cupressaceae) is a rare deciduous conifer which grows successfully in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. This tree has a narrow natural distribution in central China but is cultivated worldwide. Using histochemical staining and microscopy (both brightfield and epifluorescent), we investigated whether the phenotypic anatomical and histochemical plasticity in the fine adventitious roots of M. glyptostroboides has promoted the adaptation of this plant to aquatic and terrestrial environments. The fine root development and cortex sloughing of M. glyptostroboides occurs later in aquatic habitats than in terrestrial habitats. Anatomical and histochemical analyses have revealed that the apoplastic barriers in the primary growth of the fine roots consist of the endodermis and exodermis with Casparian bands, suberin lamellae, and secondarily lignified cell walls. There were also lignified phi (Φ) thickenings in the cortex. In both aquatic and terrestrial roots, secondary growth was observed in the vascular cambium, which produced secondary xylem and phloem, as well as in the phellogen, which produced cork. As compared to terrestrial adventitious roots, aquatic adventitious roots had multiple lignified Φ thickenings throughout the cortex, larger air spaces, dilated parenchyma, and dense suberin and lignin depositions in the exodermis. Our results thus indicate that phenotypic plasticity in the anatomical features of the fine adventitious roots, including apoplastic barriers, air spaces, and lignified Φ thickenings, might support the adaptation of M. glyptostroboides to both aquatic and terrestrial environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaodong Yang
- The College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (T.W.); (S.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xia Zhang
- The College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (T.W.); (S.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Ting Wang
- The College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (T.W.); (S.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Shuangshuang Hu
- The College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (T.W.); (S.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Cunyu Zhou
- The College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (T.W.); (S.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- The College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (T.W.); (S.H.); (C.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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