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Chowdari Gurram P, Satarker S, Kumar G, Begum F, Mehta C, Nayak U, Mudgal J, Arora D, Nampoothiri M. Avanafil mediated dual inhibition of IKKβ and TNFR1 in an experimental paradigm of Alzheimer's disease: in silico and in vivo approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10659-10677. [PMID: 36533331 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2156924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease pathology, inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa-β kinase subunit β (IKKB) and Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) signaling are linked to neuroinflammation-mediated cognitive decline. We explored the role of a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) with dual antagonistic action on IKKB and TNFR1 to inhibit nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and curb neuroinflammation. In the in silico approach, the FDA-approved Zinc 15 library was docked with IKKB and TNFR1. The top compound with dual antagonistic action on IKKB and TNFR1 was selected based on bonding and non-bonding interactions. Further, induced fit docking (IFD), molecular mechanics-generalized Born and surface area (MMGBSA), and molecular dynamic studies were carried out and evaluated. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration caused a neuroinflammation-mediated cognitive decline in mice. Two doses of avanafil were administered for 28 days while LPS was administered for 10 days. Morris water maze (MWM) along with the passive avoidance test (PAT) were carried out. Concurrently brain levels of inflammatory markers, oxidative parameters, amyloid beta (Aβ), IKKB and NF-kB levels were estimated. Avanafil produced good IKKB and TNFR1 binding ability. It interacted with crucial inhibitory amino acids of IKKB and TNFR1. MD analysis predicted good stability of avanafil with TNFR1 and IKKB. Avanafil 6 mg/kg could significantly improve performance in MWM, PAT and oxidative parameters and reduce Aβ levels and inflammatory markers. As compared to avanafil 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg dose was found to exert better efficacy against elevated Aβ , neuroinflammatory cytokines and oxidative markers while improving behavioural parameters.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasada Chowdari Gurram
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sairaj Satarker
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Farmiza Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Chetan Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Usha Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Morsi DS, Barnawi IO, Ibrahim HM, El-Morsy AM, El Hassab MA, Abd El Latif HM. Immunomodulatory, apoptotic and anti-proliferative potentials of sildenafil in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma murine model: In vivo and in silico insights. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110135. [PMID: 37080065 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Sildenafil is a potent phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor that effectively inhibits cGMP and increases the strength of nitric oxide. PDE5 was overexpressed in several carcinomas, including breast cancer, which inhibited tumor growth and cell division. The current research aims to investigate the in vivo sildenafil's immunomodulatory and antineoplastic potentials against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma. This study looked at the effects of sildenafil mono-treatment and co-treatment with cisplatin; tumor cell count, viability and the inhibition rate were determined. Apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, alterations in tumor cells and splenocytes proliferation, changes in splenocytes immunophenotyping using flowcytometry, plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), interferone (IFN)-γ, granzyme B, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, creatinine and hematological alterations were detected. Additionally, docking study was conducted to get further insights on how Sildenafil exerts its activity. Sildenafil mono-treatment and co-treatment with cisplatin markedly reduced tumor cell count, viability, growth rate and proliferative capability accompanied by apoptosis enhancement and G0/G1 and sub G1 cells cycle arrest. Fortunately, sildenafil evoked efficient cellular immune response by increasing plasma levels of granzyme B and IFN-γ, proportion of splenic T cytotoxic (CD3+CD8+) and T helper (CD3+CD4+), accompanied by decrease in the proportion of splenic regulatory T cells. . Moreover, in silico data suggest LcK and MAPKs as the potential targets of sildenafil. Furthermore, sildenafil rebalanced the oxidant-antioxidant status by decreasing MDA and increasing GSH plasma levels. Sildenafil successfully retrieved various hematological values besides renal and hepatic functions in EAC-bearing animals. In conclusion, our results suggest that sildenafil could be potential safe anti-tumor agent with immuno-modulatory properties against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia S Morsi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom 32511, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim O Barnawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 41321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany M Ibrahim
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom 32511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M El-Morsy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom 32511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A El Hassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Heba M Abd El Latif
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom 32511, Egypt
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De Bie FR, Basurto D, Kumar S, Deprest J, Russo FM. Sildenafil during the 2nd and 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy: Trials and Tribulations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11207. [PMID: 36141480 PMCID: PMC9517616 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor with a vasodilatory and anti-remodeling effect, has been investigated concerning various conditions during pregnancy. Per indication, we herein review the rationale and the most relevant experimental and clinical studies, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, when available. Indications for using sildenafil during the second and third trimester of pregnancy include maternal pulmonary hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, oligohydramnios, fetal distress, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. For most indications, the rationale for administering prenatal sildenafil is based on limited, equivocal data from in vitro studies and rodent disease models. Clinical studies report mild maternal side effects and suggest good fetal tolerance and safety depending on the underlying pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Basurto
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sailesh Kumar
- Mater Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Jan Deprest
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesca Maria Russo
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Leukes VN, Malherbe ST, Hiemstra A, Kotze LA, Roos K, Keyser A, De Swardt D, Gutschmidt A, Walzl G, du Plessis N. Sildenafil, a Type-5 Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, Fails to Reverse Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell-Mediated T Cell Suppression in Cells Isolated From Tuberculosis Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883886. [PMID: 35935981 PMCID: PMC9353143 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful TB treatment is hampered by increasing resistance to the two most effective first-line anti-TB drugs, namely isoniazid and rifampicin, thus innovative therapies focused on host processes, termed host-directed therapies (HDTs), are promising novel approaches for increasing treatment efficacy without inducing drug resistance. We assessed the ability of Sildenafil, a type-5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, as a repurposed compound, to serve as HDT target, by counteracting the suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) obtained from active TB cases on T-cell responsiveness. We confirm that MDSC suppress non-specific T-cell activation. We also show that Sildenafil treatment fails to reverse the MDSC-mediated suppression of T-cell functions measured here, namely activation and proliferation. The impact of Sildenafil treatment on improved immunity, using the concentration tested here, is likely to be minimal, but further identification and development of MDSC-targeting TB host-directed therapies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinzeigh N. Leukes
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stephanus T. Malherbe
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andriette Hiemstra
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leigh A. Kotze
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kelly Roos
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alana Keyser
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dalene De Swardt
- Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrea Gutschmidt
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nelita du Plessis
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Nelita du Plessis,
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Kniotek M, Roszczyk A, Zych M, Wrzosek M, Szafarowska M, Zagożdżon R, Jerzak M. Sildenafil Citrate Downregulates PDE5A mRNA Expression in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss without Altering Angiogenic Factors-A Preliminary Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215086. [PMID: 34768607 PMCID: PMC8584603 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that sildenafil citrate (SC), a selective PDE5A blocker, modulated NK cell activity in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss, which correlated with positive pregnancy outcomes. It was found that NK cells had a pivotal role in decidualization, angiogenesis, spiral artery remodeling, and the regulation of trophoblast invasion. Thus, in the current study, we determined the effects of SC on angiogenic factor expression and production, as well as idNK cell activity in the presence of nitric synthase blocker L-NMMA. Methods: NK cells (CD56+) were isolated from the peripheral blood of 15 patients and 15 fertile women on MACS columns and cultured in transformation media containing IL-15, TGF-β, and AZA—a methylation agent—for 7 days in hypoxia (94% N2, 1% O2, 5% CO2). Cultures were set up in four variants: (1) with SC, (2) without SC, (3) with NO, a synthase blocker, and (4) with SC and NO synthase blocker. NK cell activity was determined after 7 days of culturing as CD107a expression after an additional 4h of stimulation with K562 erythroleukemia cells. The expression of the PDE5A, VEGF-A, PIGF, IL-8, and RENBP genes was determined with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) using TaqMan probes and ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of VEGF-A, PLGF, IL-8, Ang-I, Ang-II, IFN–γ proteins in culture supernatants after SC supplementation. Results: SC downregulated PDE5A expression and had no effect on other studied angiogenic factors. VEGF-A expression was increased in RPL patients compared with fertile women. Similarly, VEGF production was enhanced in RPL patients’ supernatants and SC increased the concentration of PIGF in culture supernatants. SC did not affect the expression or concentration of other studied factors, nor idNK cell activity, regardless of NO synthase blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kniotek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka St., 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Aleksander Roszczyk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka St., 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Michał Zych
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka St., 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Preclinical Research Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Monika Szafarowska
- Department of Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów St., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zagożdżon
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka St., 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka St., 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jerzak
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Preclinical Research Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- m-CLINIC 77/U9 Pulawska St., 02-595 Warsawa, Poland
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Qiu W, Zhou Y, Wu H, Lv X, Yang L, Ren Z, Tian H, Yu Q, Li J, Lin W, Zhao L, Luo S, Gao J. RNA Demethylase FTO Mediated RNA m 6A Modification Is Involved in Maintaining Maternal-Fetal Interface in Spontaneous Abortion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:617172. [PMID: 34350169 PMCID: PMC8326377 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.617172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification regulates the expression of genes associated with various biological and pathological processes, including spontaneous abortion (SA). The aim of this study was to determine the role of the m6A demethylase fat mass and obesity (FTO)- associated protein in SA. The FTO,IGF2BP1 and IGF2BP2 mRNA levels were significantly lower in the chorionic villi obtained from spontaneously aborted pregnancies compared to that of normal pregnancies, while the expression levels of METTL3 and WTAP were significantly elevated. However, ALKBH5, YTHDF2, and IGF2BP3 were elevated with no statistical significance between groups. In addition, MDA was elevated and SOD levels were decreased in the villi tissues of the SA group compared to the normal group, which was indicative of placental oxidative stress in the former. Furthermore, the expression of FTO and HLA-G were significantly decreased in the trophoblasts of the SA patients compared to that of normal pregnant women, while that of m6A was markedly higher in the former. In addition, the HLA-G and VEGFR mRNA levels were downregulated in the SA versus the control group, and that of MMP2, MMP7, MMP9 and VEGFA were upregulated. Finally, The RIP assay showed significantly decreased levels of FTO-bound HLA-G, VEGFR and MMP9 RNA in SA patients (P < 0.05), which corresponded to an increase in transcripts enriched with the m6A antibody (P < 0.05). However, compared with normal pregnant women, the levels of HLA-G, VEGFA, VEGFR, and MMP2 mRNA bound by YTHDF2 were significantly decreased in SA patients. Compared to the normal pregnant women, both FTO- and m6A-bound MMP7 were significantly increased in SA patients (P < 0.05), but YTHDF2 almost unbound to MMP7 mRNA. In summary, the downregulation of FTO in the chorionic villi disrupts immune tolerance and angiogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface, resulting in aberrant methylation and oxidative stress that eventually leads to SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Qiu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiwang Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Lv
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lilin Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxing Ren
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - He Tian
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingying Yu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixian Lin
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songping Luo
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Decreased Production of TNF-α and IL-6 Inflammatory Cytokines in Non-Pregnant Idiopathic RPL Women Immunomodulatory Effect of Sildenafil Citrate on the Cellular Response of Idiopathic RPL Women. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143115. [PMID: 34300281 PMCID: PMC8303721 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sildenafil citrate (SC), a PDE5 inhibitor, a drug for erectile dysfunction (ED) and pulmonary hypertension (PAH), was found to exert a positive effect on pregnancy outcomes when administered intravaginally before conception. In our previous studies, sildenafil increased endometrial thickness and significantly decreased peripheral blood NK cell activity after the intravaginal administration in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). No data are available to confirm the effect of sildenafil on maternal T cell populations involved in shaping fetal-maternal tolerance and NK cell activity. Thus, the present study aimed to establish if SC influences NKT cells or the axis of Th17/Treg cells and Th1/Th2 cytokine production. Materials and methods: Twenty-one healthy fertile women and twenty-two nonpregnant women with idiopathic RPL were studied. The ELISA method was used to evaluate the production of cytokines, including IL-2, IL-12p40, IL-4, IL-10, IL-6, IL-17, IL-21, TGF-β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in PBMC culture supernatants before and after supplementation with the physiological concentration of SC. The percentages of NKT (CD56+CD3+CD44+CD161+), Treg (CD4+CD25+FOXP3+) and Th17 (CD4+CD25+IL-17A+) cells were determined with flow cytometry method. Results: Unexpectedly, we found that the PBMCs of patients with RPL produced a significantly lower level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and a higher level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β and IL-10). SC significantly decreased IL-6, IL-12 and increased TGF-β cytokine concentration in fertile women. In the case of RPL patients’ PBMCs, SC improved the production of TNF-α and IL-10. Conclusions: Lower concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in idiopathic RPL women compared to fertile women might suggest the exhaustion of the immune system. The emphasized production of IL-10 by SC partially explains the previously observed downregulation of NK cell activity in RPL patients. The immunomodulatory effect of the drug might be utilized in anti-inflammatory therapies and help achieve positive pregnancy outcomes in women with reproductive failure due to a Th1/Th2 imbalance.
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Kniotek M, Roszczyk A, Zych M, Szafarowska M, Jerzak M. Differences in the Expression of KIR, ILT Inhibitory Receptors, and VEGF Production in the Induced Decidual NK Cell Cultures of Fertile and RPL Women. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6673427. [PMID: 33997038 PMCID: PMC8112925 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6673427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RESULTS KIR2DL1 and ILT-2 expression on idNK cells was higher in healthy women than in RPL patients. Sildenafil enhanced NKG2A expression in RPL patients. VEGF concentration was higher in fertile woman idNK cell cultures. idNK cells were more sensitive for necrosis in RPL than in fertile women. SC did not influence VEGF production or idNK cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS A combination of hypoxia, IL-15, and AZA promotes the conversion of pbNK into idNK cells CD56+CD16--expressing KIR receptors and produces VEGF. Alterations in KIR2DL1 and ILT-2 expression as well as impaired VEGF production were associated with RPL. SC affects NKG2A expression on RPL idNK cells. SC had no effect on VEGF release or idNK cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kniotek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, Warsaw, 02-006 Mazovian Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Aleksander Roszczyk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, Warsaw, 02-006 Mazovian Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Michał Zych
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, Warsaw, 02-006 Mazovian Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Monika Szafarowska
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Military Institute of Health Sciences, Szaserów 128, Warsaw, 04-141 Mazovian Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jerzak
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Military Institute of Health Sciences, Szaserów 128, Warsaw, 04-141 Mazovian Voivodeship, Poland
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9
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Ala M, Mohammad Jafari R, Dehpour AR. Sildenafil beyond erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Thinking about new indications. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:235-259. [PMID: 33226665 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sildenafil, approved two decades ago, is the inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5). First of all, it was designated for angina pectoris, but soon it showed a wonderful efficacy in erectile dysfunction (ED) and then pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Due to the distribution of phosphodiesterase (PDE) in almost all organs, maybe it effects other diseases. Hence, a great number of investigations began to understand the role of PDEi in different organs. Preliminary research on sildenafil in cell culture and animal models has yielded promising results. Soon, a greater number of animal researches and clinical trials joined them. The results disclosed sildenafil can have beneficial effects in each organ such as heart, liver, kidney, brain, and intestines. Furthermore, it has significantly improved the prognosis of organ ischemia in various animal models. Clinical trials in several diseases, such as recurrent spontaneous miscarriage, fatty liver disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), heart failure, and premature ejaculation (PE) brought promising results. Although some clinical trials are available on the effects of sildenafil on various diseases, further studies on humans are needed to consolidate the ultimate effects of sildenafil. The aim of this review was to describe the effects of sildenafil on each organ and explain its mechanisms of action. Further, other PDE inhibitors such as tadalafil and vardenafil have been briefly discussed in parts of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 13145-784, Iran
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10
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Wang T, Kang X, Zhao A, He L, Liu Z, Liu F. Low‐dose aspirin improves endometrial receptivity in the midluteal phase in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2020; 150:77-82. [PMID: 32293031 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongfei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Concord Hospital of the Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Aimin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Liying He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Zhilan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Fangsun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
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11
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Leukes V, Walzl G, du Plessis N. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells as Target of Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors in Host-Directed Therapeutics for Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:451. [PMID: 32269568 PMCID: PMC7109258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance toward current and new classes of anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) antibiotics are rapidly emerging; thus, innovative therapies focused on host processes, termed host-directed therapies (HDTs), are promising novel approaches for shortening therapy regimens without inducing drug resistance. Development of new TB drugs is lengthy and expensive, and success is not guaranteed; thus, alternatives are needed. Repurposed drugs have already passed Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as well as European Medicines Agency (EMA) safety requirements and may only need to prove efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze the catalytic breakdown of both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to their inactive mononucleotides. Advances in molecular pharmacology have identified 11 PDE families; and the success of sildenafil, a PDE-5 selective inhibitor (PDE-5i), in treating pulmonary hypertension and erectile dysfunction has invigorated research into the therapeutic potential of selective PDE inhibitors in other conditions. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) suppress anti-TB T-cell responses, likely contributing to TB disease progression. PDE-5i increases cGMP within MDSC resulting in the downregulation of arginase-1 (ARG1) and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), reducing MDSC's suppressive potential. The effect of this reduction decreases MDSC-induced T-cell-suppressive mechanisms. This review highlights the possibility of HDT targeting of MDSC, using a PDE-5i in combination with the current TB regimen, resulting in improved TB treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinzeigh Leukes
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nelita du Plessis
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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12
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Zahra MH, Salem TAR, El-Aarag B, Yosri N, El-Ghlban S, Zaki K, Marei AH, Abd El-Wahed A, Saeed A, Khatib A, AlAjmi MF, Shathili AM, Xiao J, Khalifa SAM, El-Seedi HR. Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.): Food and Medicinal Plant with Potential In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:E2495. [PMID: 31288458 PMCID: PMC6651078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Plants play an important role in anti-cancer drug discovery, therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of Alpinia zerumbet (A. zerumbet) flowers. METHODS The phytochemical and biological criteria of A. zerumbet were in vitro investigated as well as in mouse xenograft model. RESULTS A. zerumbet extracts, specially CH2Cl2 and MeOH extracts, exhibited the highest potent anti-tumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. The most active CH2Cl2 extract was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation leading to isolatation of the naturally occurring 5,6-dehydrokawain (DK) which was characterized by IR, MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. A. zerumbet extracts, specially MeOH and CH2Cl2 extracts, exhibited significant inhibitory activity towards tumor volume (TV). Furthermore, A. zerumbet extracts declined the high level of malonaldehyde (MDA) as well as elevated the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver tissue homogenate. Moreover, DK showed anti-proliferative action on different human cancer cell lines. The recorded IC50 values against breast carcinoma (MCF-7), liver carcinoma (Hep-G2) and larynx carcinoma cells (HEP-2) were 3.08, 6.8, and 8.7 µg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings open the door for further investigations in order to explore the potential medicinal properties of A. zerumbet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hussein Zahra
- Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 7008530, Japan.
| | - Tarek A R Salem
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Al-Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32958, Egypt.
| | - Bishoy El-Aarag
- Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 7008530, Japan
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Nermeen Yosri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Samah El-Ghlban
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Kholoud Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Amel H Marei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Aida Abd El-Wahed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Bee Research, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza 12627, Egypt
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Pharmacognosy Group, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- Clinical Research Centre, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt.
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
- Al-Rayan Research and Innovation Center, Al-Rayan Colleges, Medina 42541, Saudi Arabia.
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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13
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El-Far M, Salah N, Essam A, Abd El-Azim A, Karam M, El-Sherbiny IM. Potential anticancer activity and mechanism of action of nanoformulated curcumin in experimental Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing animals. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:553-573. [PMID: 30810086 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the potential use of nanoformulations of curcumin (CUR); CUR-loaded pluronic nanomicelles (CURnp1), and CUR-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CURnp2) as antitumor agents in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing animals, and their mechanism of action. MATERIALS & METHODS CURnp1 and CURnp2 were prepared, characterized and tested against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice. Superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathione, malondialdehyde, histopathological, immunohistochemical studies, cell cycle and caspase-3 were investigated. RESULTS & CONCLUSION CURnp1 destroyed tumors via increasing superoxide dismutase, CAT and glutathione, decreasing malondialdehyde through inducing apoptosis by decreasing Ki-67 and Bcl2 expression and activating caspase-3 leading to inhibition of proliferation and cell cycle arrest with progression at G1/S phase. The study demonstrated for the first time superiority of CURnp1 over native CUR and CURnp2 as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Far
- Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Neven Salah
- Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Alaa Essam
- Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Amira Abd El-Azim
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Karam
- Center of Materials Science, Zewail City of Science & Technology, 6th October City, 12578 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center of Materials Science, Zewail City of Science & Technology, 6th October City, 12578 Giza, Egypt
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Aboud HM, Hassan AH, Ali AA, Abdel-Razik ARH. Novel in situ gelling vaginal sponges of sildenafil citrate-based cubosomes for uterine targeting. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1328-1339. [PMID: 29869515 PMCID: PMC6058503 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1477858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sildenafil citrate (SIL), a type 5-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, demonstrates valuable results in the management of infertility in women; however, the absence of vaginal dosage form in addition to the associated oral adverse effects minimize its clinical performance. The present study is concerned with SIL uterine targeting following intravaginal administration via optimization of cubosomal in situ gelling sponges (CIS). An emulsification method was employed for preparation of cubosomal dispersions incorporating glyceryl monooleate as a lipid phase and poloxamer 407 as a surfactant with or without polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizer. Cubosomes were estimated regarding entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size, and in vitro drug release. Chitosan (2% w/w) was incorporated into the optimum formulation and then lyophilized into small sponges. For the CIS, in vivo histopathological and pharmacokinetic studies were conducted on female Wistar rats and compared with intravaginal free SIL sponges (FIS) and oral SIL solution. SIL-loaded cubosomes showed EE% ranging between 32.15 and 72.01%, particle size in the range of 150.81–446.02 nm and sustained drug release over 8 h. Histopathological study revealed a significant enlargement in endometrial thickness with congestion and dilatation of endometrial blood vessels in intravaginal CIS compared to intravaginal FIS and oral-treated groups. The pharmacokinetic study demonstrated higher AUC0–∞ and Cmax with oral administration compared to intravaginal CIS or intravaginal FIS indicating potential involvement of first uterine pass effect after intravaginal administration. Finally, intravaginal CIS could be considered as a promising platform for SIL uterine targeting with minimized systemic exposure and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Aboud
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
| | - Amira H Hassan
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
| | - Adel A Ali
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
| | - Abdel-Razik H Abdel-Razik
- b Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
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15
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Mansour GM, Hussein SH, Abd El Hady RM, Mohammed HF, Abd El Gawad MM, Abou Gabal AI, Al-Awadhy RM, El Saied M. Uterine artery flow velocity waveform (FVW) type and subednometrial vascularity in recurrent pregnancy loss. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 33:527-532. [PMID: 29954242 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1495190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the subendometrial and uterine artery blood flow and pattern of the waveform of the uterine artery in cases of recurrent pregnancy loss compared with normal controls.Subjects and methods: Fifty women with a history of two or more successive pregnancy losses were investigated by Doppler transvaginal ultrasound to assess the subendometrial blood flow resistance index (RI), type of Doppler waveform of the uterine artery, and uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) in the mid-luteal phase. Fifty normal women acted as controls.Results: Subendometrial blood flow RI and uterine artery PI were higher in cases than controls. The majority of cases of recurrent pregnancy loss had a waveform pattern of A, or loss of diastolic flow, whereas the controls were mainly C wave.Conclusions: Some sort of endometrial and subendometrial ischemia can be suggested in cases of recurrent pregnancy loss, waveform pattern of uterine artery changes may be used to monitor changes in vascularity of endometrium if vascular enhancers are given in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M Mansour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif H Hussein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Haitham F Mohammed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed I Abou Gabal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Al-Awadhy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Railways Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El Saied
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Railways Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Far M, Salah N, Essam A, Abd El-Azim AO, El-Sherbiny IM. Silymarin nanoformulation as potential anticancer agent in experimental Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing animals. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1865-1858. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate, for the first time the potential use of a safe biocompatible nanoformulation of silymarin (SM) as antitumor agent and to provide its mechanism of action compared with native SM. Materials & methods: SM was loaded into pluronic nanomicelles and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-tumor-bearing mice were used as experimental model. Biochemical parameters including SOD, CAT and GSH, lipid peroxidation biomarkers (MDA), histopathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies were applied on the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Furthermore, the cell cycle as well as caspase-3 were examined. Results & conclusion: Nanoformulated SM (SMnp) destroyed tumors via increasing SOD, CAT and GSH concomitant with decreasing MDA. Moreover, SMnp-induced apoptosis through decreasing Ki-67 and Bcl2 expression, along with the activation of caspase-3, leads to inhibition of proliferation and the arrest of ceel cycle progression at the G1/S phase. Electron microscopy studies presented the superiority of SMnp over native SM in causing mitochondrial and nuclear degeneration in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Far
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Neven Salah
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Alaa Essam
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Amira O Abd El-Azim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center of Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, 12578 Giza, Egypt
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17
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Barone I, Giordano C, Bonofiglio D, Andò S, Catalano S. Phosphodiesterase type 5 and cancers: progress and challenges. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99179-99202. [PMID: 29228762 PMCID: PMC5716802 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are an extraordinarily heterogeneous collection of diseases with distinct genetic profiles and biological features that directly influence response patterns to various treatment strategies as well as clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, our growing understanding of cancer cell biology and tumor progression is gradually leading towards rational, tailored medical treatments designed to destroy cancer cells by exploiting the unique cellular pathways that distinguish them from normal healthy counterparts. Recently, inhibition of the activity of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is emerging as a promising approach to restore normal intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling, and thereby resulting into the activation of various downstream molecules to inhibit proliferation, motility and invasion of certain cancer cells. In this review, we present an overview of the experimental and clinical evidences highlighting the role of PDE5 in the pathogenesis and prevention of various malignancies. Current data are still not sufficient to draw conclusive statements for cancer patient management, but could provide further rational for testing PDE5-targeting drugs as anticancer agents in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Abdel Razik M, El-Berry S, El-Nezamy A, Saad A, Abdel Wahab A. Nitric oxide donors increase the pregnancy rate in patients with unexplained infertility undergoing clomiphene citrate stimulation and intrauterine insemination: a randomized controlled pilot study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33:199-202. [PMID: 27809622 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1240775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of nitric oxide donor's treatment on the pregnancy rate and uterine blood flow in patients with unexplained infertility undergoing clomiphene citrate stimulation and intrauterine insemination. A total of 120 patients were randomly allocated to a control group who received 100 mg clomiphene citrate daily from day 5 to 9 of cycle plus placebo vaginal tablets, and a study group received clomiphene citrate plus isosorbide mononitrate 10 mg vaginal tablets. Vaginal ultrasound was done before treatment and every other day starting from day 12 of cycle to count mature follicles and ovulation was triggered by IM injection of 10 000 IU hCG when one follicle measured 18 ≥ mm followed by intrauterine insemination after 36 h. The endometrial thickness, uterine arteries resistance and pulsation indices, and endometrial vascular flow and vascular flow indices were measured before treatment and at day of hCG injection. Results were analyzed after one cycle treatment using the Mean ± SD, the Student t test and the Fisher Exact test. Significant result was considered at p values <0.05. The study group had significant higher pregnancy rate/cycle, higher endometrial and lower uterine artery blood flow indices (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdel Razik
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benha Faculty of Medicine , Benha University , Benha , Egypt
| | - Seham El-Berry
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benha Faculty of Medicine , Benha University , Benha , Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Nezamy
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benha Faculty of Medicine , Benha University , Benha , Egypt
| | - Ahmed Saad
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benha Faculty of Medicine , Benha University , Benha , Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel Wahab
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benha Faculty of Medicine , Benha University , Benha , Egypt
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Sildenafil Can Affect Innate and Adaptive Immune System in Both Experimental Animals and Patients. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:4541958. [PMID: 28316997 PMCID: PMC5337856 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4541958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sildenafil, a type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE5-I), is primarily used for treating erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil inhibits the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by competing with cGMP for binding site of PDE5. cGMP is a secondary messenger activating protein kinases and a common regulator of ion channel conductance, glycogenolysis, and cellular apoptosis. PDE5 inhibitors (PDE-Is) found application in cardiology, nephrology, urology, dermatology, oncology, and gynecology. Positive result of sildenafil treatment is closely connected with its immunomodulatory effects. Sildenafil influences angiogenesis, platelet activation, proliferation of regulatory T cells, and production of proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies. Sildenafil action in humans and animals appears to be different. Surprisingly, it also acts differently in males and females organisms. Although the immunomodulatory effects of PDE5 inhibitors appear to be promising, none of them reached the point of being tested in clinical trials. Data on the influence of selective PDE5-Is on the human immune system are limited. The main objective of this review is to discuss the immunomodulatory effects of sildenafil in both patients and experimental animals. This is the first review of the current state of knowledge about the effects of sildenafil on the immune system.
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Sildenafil (Viagra®) blocks inflammatory injury in LPS-induced mouse abortion: A potential prophylactic treatment against acute pregnancy loss? Placenta 2015; 36:1122-9. [PMID: 26303758 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.07.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL) are common women's health issues. Inflammatory and thrombotic events have been associated with RPL including excessive production of cytokines, in particular TNF-α. However, mechanisms behind gestational losses are not yet fully understood. Sildenafil inhibits phosphodiesterase Type-5 (PDE5). This drug increases intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate, having vasodilatory and, more recently described, anti-inflammatory properties. PDE5 is present in murine and human uterus and placenta. Sildenafil is already used clinically for treatment of human fetal growth restriction (FGR). Our objective was to determine if Sildenafil alone or in combination with Heparin had protective effects in pregnant Swiss albino challenged to abort by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS Treatments (Sildenafil (50 mg/kg/day), Heparin (500 IU/Kg/day) or Sildenafil + Heparin at the same doses) were initiated the morning of copulation plug detection (gestational day (gd0)). On the 15th day of pregnancy, an intra-peritoneal injection of LPS (100 μg/kg) was administered. Untreated, pregnant mice challenged by LPS served as controls. RESULTS Assessments at 48 h after LPS revealed that Sildenafil + Heparin prevented fetal loss. Early assessments at 2 h after LPS indicated that the pretreatments prevented induction of inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β/NF-κβ) and preserved placental histopathology. DISCUSSION Combined Sildenafil + Heparin therapy was superior to either treatment alone in most analyses. The known safety of Sildenafil and Heparin in human pregnancy suggests that usage of these combined agents may be of value for treatment of patients with impending pregnancy loss or prophylactically in women with a history of recurrent miscarriages.
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Sheweita S, Salama B, Hassan M. Erectile dysfunction drugs and oxidative stress in the liver of male rats. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:933-938. [PMID: 28962432 PMCID: PMC5598225 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) affected the lives of more than 300 million men worldwide. Erectile dysfunction drugs (EDD), known as phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), have been used for treatment of ED. It has been shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of erectile dysfunction. Oxidative stress can be alleviated or decreased by antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, the present study aims at investigating the changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase as well as protein expression of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase after treatment of male rats with a daily dose of sildenafil (1.48 mg/kg), tadalafil (0.285 mg/kg) and vardenafil (0.285 mg/kg) for three weeks. In addition, levels of reduced glutathione and malondialdyhyde (MDA) were assayed. The present study showed that sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil treatments significantly decreased the levels of glutathione, MDA and the activity of glutathione reductase. In addition, vardenafil and sildenafil increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Interestingly, western immunoblotting data showed that vardenafil induced the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and its protein expression, whereas tadalafil and sildenafil inhibited such enzyme activity and its protein expression. In addition, the protein expression of GST π isozyme was markedly reduced after treatment of rats with sildenafil. It is concluded that ED drugs induced the activities of both SOD and catalase which consequently decreased MDA level. Therefore, decrement in MDA levels could increase nitric oxide–cGMP level which in turn promotes the erection mechanism.
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Key Words
- CAT, catalase
- Catalase
- ED, erectile dysfunction
- EDD, erectile dysfunction drugs
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GR, glutathione reductase
- GSH, glutathione
- GST, glutathione S-transferase
- Glutathione
- Glutathione peroxidase
- Glutathione reductase
- MDA, malondialdyhyde
- Oxidative stress
- PDE-5, phosphodiesterase type-5
- PDEIs, phosphodiesterase inhibitors
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Sheweita
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Basant Salama
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Hassan
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Erectile dysfunction medication induced-changes in plasma levels of homocysteine and antioxidant enzyme activities as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Shanmugam S, Kim YH, Park JH, Im HT, Sohn YT, Kim KS, Kim YI, Yong CS, Kim JO, Choi HG, Woo JS. Sildenafil vaginal suppositories: preparation, characterization,in vitroandin vivoevaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:803-12. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.788011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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