1
|
Pandia V, Fitriana E, Afriandi I, Purba FD, Danasasmita FS, Ichsan A, Pradana K, Santoso AHS, Engellia R, Mardhiyah FS. Psychometric Evaluation of Brief Reason for Living Inventory for Adolescents (BRFL-A) Instrument in the Indonesian Language. Glob Pediatr Health 2024; 11:2333794X241254690. [PMID: 38808325 PMCID: PMC11131399 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x241254690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives. The Brief Reason for Living Inventory for Adolescents (BRFL-A) is used to assess protective factors against suicide in non-clinical settings. This study aimed to validate the psychometric properties of BRFL-A in Bahasa Indonesia. Methods. A total of 728 high-school and university students filled BRFL-A questionnaire and the results were analyzed. The reliability, content, convergent, discriminant, and factorial or construct validity, were investigated using content validity index Cronbach's Alpha, while content validity index (CVI), confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearson product-moment correlation were assesed with MSPSS, SIS, INQ-15, and DASS-18. Results. The results showed that the Indonesian version of BRFL-A had good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, as well as content and concurrent validity, supporting both the 1-factor and the 5-factor model of factorial validity. Conclusions. The Indonesian version of the BRFL-A was valid and reliable to measure protective factors against suicide risk among adolescents and young adults in non-clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veranita Pandia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Efi Fitriana
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Center for Psychometric Studies, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Irvan Afriandi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Fredrick Dermawan Purba
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Center for Psychological Innovation and Research, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Febrianti Santiardi Danasasmita
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Abdullah Ichsan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Kent Pradana
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Alfonso Haris Setia Santoso
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rita Engellia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Fithriani Salma Mardhiyah
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Setiyawati D, Puspakesuma N, Jatmika WN, Colucci E. Indonesian Stakeholders' Perspectives on Warning Signs and Beliefs about Suicide. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:295. [PMID: 38667091 PMCID: PMC11047336 DOI: 10.3390/bs14040295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The suicide rate in Indonesia is considered low among Asian countries, but the underreporting rate is at a staggering 303%, and the latest reports suggest an increase in suicidal behaviour, particularly among young people. As a multicultural country, Indonesia has a complex system of beliefs about suicide. Thus, various aspects specific to Indonesia must be considered in understanding and preventing suicide. This paper explores Indonesian stakeholders' perspectives through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. A total of 9 participants were individually interviewed, and 42 were involved in focus group discussions. They were mainly people with lived experiences of suicide. The other stakeholders were Indonesian experts who have experience in dealing with suicidal behaviour, helping people with a lived experience of suicide, or were involved in suicide prevention. Indonesian stakeholders highlighted various general and contextualised aspects concerning suicide. These aspects included a wide range of cultural beliefs and culturally specific warning signs, which included "bingung" (confusion) and longing for deceased persons. Other cultural beliefs such as viewing suicide as infectious, unpreventable, and guided by ancient spirits, and as an honourable act in some circumstances, also emerged. These findings can inform suicide prevention programs, including suicide prevention guidelines for Indonesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Setiyawati
- Center for Public Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Nabila Puspakesuma
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Wulan Nur Jatmika
- Center for Public Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Erminia Colucci
- Department of Psychology, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Arafat SMY, Baminiwatta A, Menon V, Sharma P, Htay MNN, Akter H, Marthoenis M, Dorji C. Prevalence of Suicidal Behavior Among Students in South-East Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Suicide Res 2024; 28:50-70. [PMID: 36794580 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2176272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Estimation of rates of suicidal behaviors (ideation, plan, and attempt) would help to understand the burden and prioritize prevention strategies. However, no attempt to assess suicidal behavior among students was identified in South-East Asia (SEA). We aimed to assess the prevalence of suicidal behavior (ideation, plan, and attempt) among students in SEA. METHODS We followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered the protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022353438). We searched in Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO and performed meta-analyses to pool the lifetime, 1-year, and point prevalence rates for suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. We considered the duration of a month for point prevalence. RESULTS The search identified 40 separate populations from which 46 were included in the analyses, as some studies included samples from multiple countries. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 17.4% (confidence interval [95% CI], 12.4%-23.9%) for lifetime, 9.33% (95% CI, 7.2%-12%) for the past year, and 4.8% (95% CI, 3.6%-6.4%) for the present time. The pooled prevalence of suicide plans was 9% (95% CI, 6.2%-12.9%) for lifetime, 7.3% (95% CI, 5.1%-10.3%) for the past year, and 2.3% (95% CI, 0.8%-6.7%) for the present time. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts was 5.2% (95% CI, 3.5%-7.8%) for lifetime and 4.5% (95% CI, 3.4%-5.8%) for the past year. Higher rates of suicide attempts in the lifetime were noted in Nepal (10%) and Bangladesh (9%), while lower rates were reported in India (4%) and Indonesia (5%). CONCLUSIONS Suicidal behaviors are a common phenomenon among students in the SEA region. These findings call for integrated, multisectoral efforts to prevent suicidal behaviors in this group.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fauk NK, Asa GA, McLean C, Ward PR. "I Was Very Shocked, I Wanted It to Be Over": A Qualitative Exploration of Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among Women Living with HIV in Indonesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 21:9. [PMID: 38276797 PMCID: PMC10815629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
HIV diagnosis and poor HIV management have various detrimental impacts on the lives of people living with HIV (PLHIV). As a part of a large qualitative study investigating HIV risk factors and impacts, of which the topic of suicide is not a focus, this paper describes the factors contributing to suicidal ideation and attempts that arose naturally in the stories of women living with HIV (WLHIV; n = 52) in Yogyakarta and Belu districts, Indonesia. The participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. Guided by a qualitative data analysis framework, the data were thematically analysed. The findings were grouped into four main themes: (i) the women experienced immense psychological challenges due to the infection, spousal transmission, fear of mother-to-child transmission, and losing a child due to AIDS, which triggered suicidal ideation and attempts; (ii) the lack of awareness of HIV management strategies resulted in them feeling trapped and overwhelmed, and the associated negative thoughts and the anticipation and experience of HIV stigma influenced their thoughts of suicide; (iii) the lack of social support from family and friends during the early stages of HIV diagnosis, compounded with pre-existing financial difficulties, lack of income, unemployment, and feeling overburdened, also triggered the women's thoughts of suicide; and (iv) family breakdown following HIV diagnosis, concern about future relationships, and fear of being rejected or abandoned by their partner were also influencing factors for suicidal ideation and attempts among the women. The findings indicate the need for a nuanced approach to counselling within HIV care interventions for couples to support the acceptance of each other's HIV status whilst maintaining psychological wellbeing. Additionally, the findings indicate the importance of HIV education and awareness among community members for the de-stigmatisation of HIV and to increase the acceptance of PLHIV by their families and communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelsensius Klau Fauk
- Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, 88 Wakefield St., Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (G.A.A.); (C.M.)
- Institute of Resource Governance and Social Change, Kupang 85227, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia
| | - Gregorius Abanit Asa
- Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, 88 Wakefield St., Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (G.A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Caitlan McLean
- Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, 88 Wakefield St., Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (G.A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Paul Russell Ward
- Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, 88 Wakefield St., Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (G.A.A.); (C.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Putra IGNE, Pradnyani PE, Putra GW, Astiti NLEP, Derayanti NW, Artini NNA, Astuti PAS, Dendup T, Ratan ZA. Gender differences in social environmental factors of psychological distress among Indonesian adolescents: Findings from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey. J Biosoc Sci 2023; 55:1101-1118. [PMID: 36320184 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932022000426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate gender differences in social environmental factors of psychological distress among Indonesian adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using the data from the 2015 Indonesia Global School-based Student Health Survey. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the influences of main independent variables - social environmental factors (i.e., peer support, having close friends, bullying victimisation, physical fight, physical attack, parental supervision, connectedness, bonding), demographic characteristics, and health-related behaviours on the measures of psychological distress (loneliness, anxiety-induced sleep disturbance, and a combination of both measures as psychological distress). RESULTS The prevalence of psychological distress measured as loneliness, anxiety-induced sleep disturbance, and combined psychological distress was 6.12%, 4.52%, and 8.04%, respectively. Findings from multivariate analyses indicated that bullying victimisation, physical attack, experience of hunger (a proxy of socioeconomic status), and sedentary behaviour were associated with all measures of psychological distress. Meanwhile, age, gender, drug use, parental connectedness and bonding, and having no close friends were correlates of one or two measures of psychological distress. Based on gender-stratified analyses, experience of hunger, sedentary behaviour, bullying victimisation, and having no close friends were consistently associated with measures of psychological distress among both girls and boys. In addition, the influence of some social environmental factors, such as parental connectedness, peer support, and physical attack, were more salient among girls. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that social environmental factors, demographic characteristics, and health-related behaviours were associated with psychological distress, and the associations appeared to differ by gender. Interventions that include improving positive social environmental factors (e.g., reducing interpersonal violence, encouraging positive relationships with parents and peers) and promoting healthy behaviours (e.g., less sedentary behaviour, preventing substance use) might help reduce the risk of psychological distress among Indonesian adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Mandala Data, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Putu Erma Pradnyani
- Health Polytechnic Kartini Bali, Denpasar, Indonesia
- Mandala Data, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Gede Wirabuana Putra
- Health Polytechnic Kartini Bali, Denpasar, Indonesia
- Mandala Data, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | - Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | | | - Zubair Ahmed Ratan
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fitriana E, Purba FD, Salsabila SP, Danasasmita FS, Afriandi I, Tarigan R, Ichsan A, Pandia V. Psychometric Properties of the Suicidal Ideation Scale in the Indonesian Language. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221143716. [PMID: 36524691 PMCID: PMC9761796 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221143716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide is one of the leading cause of mortality among adolescents and young adults, especially in low to middle-income countries. Research found that screening for suicidal ideation in non-clinical populations such as schools or communities is an important step toward preventing suicide. Despite so, not all screening tools have the capabilities to accurately detect suicidal ideation among adolescents and young adults in non-clinical populations. The Suicidal Ideation Scale (SIS) is one of the most used questionnaires to measure suicidal thoughts in non-clinical populations. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of SIS among adolescents and young adults in Indonesia, especially in non-clinical populations. METHODS After a series of language and cultural adaptations, 1254 senior high school and university students completed the Indonesian version of SIS using 3 standard questionnaires, namely Patient Health Questionnaire-9/PHQ-9, Beck Depression Inventory-II/BDI-II, and Children's Depression Inventory/CDI. The SIS content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and concurrent, as well as internal structure validity, were investigated using content validity index (CVI), Cronbach's Alpha, Pearson product-moment correlation, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. RESULTS The result showed that SIS has good to excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Based on the validity indicators, it has satisfactory content and convergent validity, and further support the one-factor and 2-factor model for factorial validity. Both one-factor and 2 factor model are suitable to use in non-clinical settings. CONCLUSIONS SIS is a valid and reliable tool for suicide ideation screening in adolescents and young adults in non-clinical populations. This validated questionnaire can be used in the early detection of suicidal ideation among adolescents and young adults in non-clinical populations, thus contributing to developing strategies and policies to prevent suicide among Indonesian adolescents and young adults at group and institutional levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efi Fitriana
- Department of General and Experimental
Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia,Efi Fitriana, Department of General and
Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology Universitas Padjadjaran,
Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat, 45363, Indonesia.
| | - Fredrick Dermawan Purba
- Department of Developmental Psychology,
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Safira Putri Salsabila
- Undergraduate Study Program in
Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Febrianti Santiardi Danasasmita
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
| | - Irvan Afriandi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rodman Tarigan
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
| | - Abdullah Ichsan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
| | - Veranita Pandia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Psychometric evaluation of the interpersonal needs questionnaire in the Indonesian language. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279272. [PMID: 36525445 PMCID: PMC9757555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide remains one of the leading causes of death among youths and the commonly reported associated risk factor is interpersonal needs, which consists of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. To date, there is no validated interpersonal needs questionnaire in Indonesia. Therefore, this research aims to validate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-15) among adolescents and young adults in the Indonesian language. Based on the results, the INQ-15 has high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. It was also found to have satisfactory content and concurrent validity, as well as support two factor model of factorial validity. This implies that The Indonesian version of the INQ-15 is a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure the interpersonal needs among adolescents and young adults, both in clinical and research applications.
Collapse
|
8
|
Marthoenis, Dahlia, Nassimbwa J. Prevalence and factors associated with loneliness among Indonesian female adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:328. [PMID: 35918660 PMCID: PMC9347157 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01909-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Loneliness, or the perception of social disconnectedness, is a public health concern and is reported to be a frequent experience during adolescence (10–19 years). This study investigates the prevalence of loneliness and associated health-risk behaviors among Indonesian female adolescents.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study, data for which were extracted from the WHO’s Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), which uses a globally standardized cross-sectional methodology to provide accurate data on behaviors and protective factors among students. Data from 4993 female students aged 13–17 years old from 74 schools were extracted from the 2015 survey in Indonesia and analyzed. Loneliness was used as a single measure, as happens in other studies using GSHS data. Descriptive analysis was done for age, socioemotional issues, health-risk behaviors, and contextual factors. This was followed by multiple logistic regression analysis to identify loneliness-associated factors.
Results
Approximately 6.5% of Indonesian female adolescents experience loneliness most of the time or always. Adolescents experiencing loneliness had a higher rate of sleep disturbance (37.6%), suicide ideation (21%), suicide plan (20.8%), smoking behavior (15%), and alcohol use (15.7%) than the general population. Multiple regression analysis confirms that adolescents who have no close friends, have been bullied during the past month, experience sleep disturbance, have had suicide ideation and suicide plans, are always feeling hungry, are exposed to passive smoking, and are engaged in a sedentary lifestyle are at a higher likelihood of suffering from loneliness (p < 0.05). On the other hand, having kind and helpful classmates served as a useful protection against loneliness (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The rate of loneliness in Indonesian female adolescents is relatively lower than previously reported elsewhere. Several health-risk behaviors and contextual factors are associated with loneliness. It is important to gain insight into the exact interplay between factors and loneliness since that could inform future intervention development and lead to better well-being among female adolescents.
Collapse
|
9
|
Marthoenis M, Yasir Arafat SM. Rate and Associated Factors of Suicidal Behavior among Adolescents in Bangladesh and Indonesia: Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data Analysis. SCIENTIFICA 2022; 2022:8625345. [PMID: 36032991 PMCID: PMC9410988 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8625345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicidal behavior among adolescents is a major public health problem that is understudied in South East Asian Muslim-majority countries. We aimed to investigate the rate and associated factors of suicidal behavior among adolescents in Bangladesh and Indonesia. METHODS The Global School-based Student Health Survey data of Bangladesh and Indonesia were used in this study. The data consist of a total of 9052 school-aged students from Bangladesh (2570, 28.4%) and Indonesia (6482, 71.6%). Suicidal behavior was assessed using three questions that measure suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, and suicidal attempts. RESULTS The overall rate of suicidal behavior (suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, and suicidal attempts) was 8.8%, and no significant difference between the two countries (8.9% in Bangladesh and 8.7 in Indonesia) was observed (p=0.81). Factors that independently increased the likelihood of suicidal behavior include female gender, missed class, physical fight four times or more, experienced bullying, anxiety, loneliness, rarely eating fruit, current alcohol use, and sedentary behavior (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, factors that independently decreased the likelihood of suicidal behavior include parental supervision and having close friends, either one, two, three persons, or more (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The study revealed rates and risk factors of suicidal behaviors among the school-going adolescents of two Muslim-majority countries in South East Asia. Prevention strategies should be considered guided by the risk factors for school-going adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Marthoenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - S. M. Yasir Arafat
- Department of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liem A, Prawira B, Magdalena S, Siandita MJ, Hudiyana J. Predicting self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: a nationwide survey report. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:304. [PMID: 35488326 PMCID: PMC9051849 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that 77.0% of suicide cases occurred in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), which would increase because of the COVID-19 pandemic and socioeconomic inequity. However, there is lack of reports on this topic from LMICs, especially during the pandemic. Therefore, this nationwide study aimed to explore self-harm and suicide ideation and its predictive variables during the pandemic in Indonesia as a MIC with the highest COVID-19 fatality rate in Asia. METHODS Non-random sampling online survey was conducted nationwide between 25 May and 16 June 2021. The collected data were demographic variables (i.e. age group), loneliness from social isolation using The UCLA Loneliness Scale Six Items (ULS-6), and self-harm and suicide ideation using item 9 of The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Predictive model was analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 5211 participants from all 34 provinces in Indonesia completed the survey. Among 39.3% of them reported self-harm and suicide ideation during the pandemic, which significantly correlated with loneliness. The predictive variables associated with the likelihood of self-harm and suicide ideation were age, residence, job, religion, sex-gender, sexual orientation, HIV status, disability status, and loneliness. The predictive model showed a significant goodness-of-fit to the observed data (x2 [ (15)] = 1803.46, p < .001), RN2 = .40. CONCLUSION Four out of 10 Indonesians experienced self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly people within the age range of 18-24, living in the Java Island, unemployed/student/retired and freelancer, women, members of minority and marginalized communities, and experience of loneliness during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrian Liem
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | | | | | - Joevarian Hudiyana
- grid.9581.50000000120191471Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Badarch J, Chuluunbaatar B, Batbaatar S, Paulik E. Suicide Attempts among School-Attending Adolescents in Mongolia: Associated Factors and Gender Differences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052991. [PMID: 35270685 PMCID: PMC8910274 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Attempting suicide is an important risk factor that can lead to suicide death. The aim of the current study was to examine the prevalence of suicide attempts and to identify the gender-specific predictors of suicide among adolescents in Mongolia. We analyzed data from the 2019 Mongolian Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted nationwide among 13–18-year-old students. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the correlates of suicide attempts. Overall, 32.1% of the adolescents reported to have had suicide attempts. Multivariable analysis showed a significant association in the total sample of suicide attempts with lack of close friends, anxiety, injury and violence, smoking and alcohol drinking, and sexual intercourse. Male suicide attempters were less likely to have close friends and more likely to have injuries, been physically attacked, been bullied, smoke, drink alcohol, and have had sexual intercourse. Within the female subgroup, anxiety, injury and violence, smoking and alcohol drinking significantly increased the odds of reporting suicide attempts. Increase of the student’s age by one year decreased the odds ratio of suicide attempts. Nearly one in three students had had a suicide attempt. Several factors, including mental distress, violence, and risky behaviors were found to be associated with suicide attempts. These can aid in designing intervention strategies for preventing suicidal behaviors among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javzan Badarch
- Department of Public Health, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Correspondence:
| | - Bayar Chuluunbaatar
- Medicine and Medical Devices Regulatory Agency, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia;
| | - Suvd Batbaatar
- Department of Environmental Health, National Center for Public Health, Ulaanbaatar 13381, Mongolia;
| | - Edit Paulik
- Department of Public Health, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suryaputri IY, Mubasyiroh R, Idaiani S, Indrawati L. Determinants of Depression in Indonesian Youth: Findings From a Community-based Survey. J Prev Med Public Health 2022; 55:88-97. [PMID: 35135052 PMCID: PMC8841193 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.21.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the determinants of depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods The present study analyzed data from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey (Riset Kesehatan Dasar; RISKESDAS). The study subjects were adolescents (15-17 years old) and young adults (18-24 years old). In total, 64 179 subjects were included. Univariable, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between youths’ characteristics, risky behavior, chronic disease, parents’ health, and youths’ depression. Results The prevalence of depression was 5.1% in adolescents and 5.6% in young adults. The risk factors for depression in adolescents were being women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.89 to 4.30; p<0.001), an ex-smoker (aOR, 2.99; 95% CI, 2.10 to 4.25; p<0.001), or a current smoker (aOR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.44; p<0.001); consuming alcohol (aOR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.33 to 3.01; p=0.001), having a chronic disease (aOR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.41 to 4.96; p=0.002); maternal depression (aOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.09; p<0.001); and paternal depression (aOR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.98 to 3.50; p<0.001). In young adults, the risk factors were being women (aOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.82 to 2.75; p<0.001) or an ex-smoker (aOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.67 to 3.67; p<0.001), consuming alcohol (aOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.89 to 3.09; p<0.001), maternal depression (aOR, 3.12; 95% CI, 2.54 to 3.84; p<0.001), and paternal depression (aOR, 2.80; 95% CI, 2.17 to 3.63; p<0.001). Conclusions Being women, smoking, drinking alcohol, having a chronic disease, and having a parent with depression were crucial factors associated with youth depression. Mental health screening, prevention, and treatment should involve collaboration among primary healthcare, schools, universities, professionals, and families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indri Yunita Suryaputri
- Center for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Jakarta, Indonesia
- Corresponding author: Indri Yunita Suryaputri Center for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Jakarta 10560, Indonesia E-mail:
| | - Rofingatul Mubasyiroh
- Center for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sri Idaiani
- Center for Research and Development of Health Resources and Services, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lely Indrawati
- Center for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Setiyawati D, Jatmika WN, Puspakesuma N, Retnowati S, Colucci E. Suicide first aid guidelines for Indonesia: a Delphi consensus study. J Ment Health 2022; 31:410-431. [DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2021.2022632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Setiyawati
- Center for Public Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wulan Nur Jatmika
- Center for Public Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nabila Puspakesuma
- Center for Public Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sofia Retnowati
- Center for Public Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Erminia Colucci
- Department of Psychology, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Putra GNE, Dendup T. Health and behavioural outcomes of bullying victimisation among Indonesian adolescent students: findings from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 27:513-527. [PMID: 33017543 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1826546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bullying victimisation among adolescents is globally recognised as an important predictor for several adverse health and behavioural outcomes. Due to a paucity of studies in Indonesia, this study aimed to identify the adverse health and behavioural outcomes due to bullying victimisation among school-going adolescents and investigate the possible moderation by age and sex. This was an analysis of the second Global School-based Student Health Survey data of Indonesia conducted in 2015. The eligible samples were 9,601 adolescent students. The main independent variable was bullying victimisation status, while the dependent variables consisted of mental health problems, substance use, and other risk behaviours. Binary logistic regression controlling for some confounders was applied to identify the associations among sex-merged and sex-separated samples. Furthermore, adjusted margin probabilities of having adverse outcomes were calculated by bullying victimisation frequency and age. This study found that nearly 2 out of 10 adolescent students were bullied in the last 30 days. Bullying victimisation was associated with the odds of all adverse health and behavioural outcomes that include loneliness, anxiety, suicidal ideation, smoking cigarettes, alcohol use, truancy, physical fight, and sedentary behaviour. The associations were slightly larger among female than male students for some of the outcomes. The odds of these adverse outcomes increased with the rising frequency of bullying and by age. The findings suggest that bullying victimisation was associated with a number of adverse health and behavioural outcomes among Indonesian adolescent students. Implementation of anti-bullying interventions among students right from a young age is essential to prevent unexpected adverse outcomes and its detrimental consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Tashi Dendup
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Suicidal ideation, psychopathology and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:255. [PMID: 32448151 PMCID: PMC7245986 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal behavior is a prevalent psychiatric emergency in HIV-infected adults. Detection of suicidal ideation is important in planning early psychiatric intervention and optimizing HIV/AIDS management. Characterization of suicidal ideation among HIV-infected adults is crucial; however, practically there is no data in Indonesia, the country with the second largest burden of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Asia. This study aims to identify suicidal ideation and analyze the associated psychopathology and determining factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia. METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected adults aged 18-65 years old receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Measurement using Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was performed to assess the existing psychopathology. Firth's penalized logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation. RESULTS A total of 86 subjects were recruited. Most subjects were male (65.1%), median age was 35 years, and median latest CD4 count was 463 cells/μl. Lifetime suicidal ideation was identified in 20 subjects (23.3%). Mean SCL-90 T-score for depressive and anxiety symptoms were both significantly higher among subjects with suicidal ideation (M = 60.75, SD = 12.0, p = 0.000 and M = 57.9, SD = 2.8, p = 0.001, respectively) compared to those without. Bivariate analyses showed that lifetime suicidal ideation was associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms, non-marital status, CD4 count < 500 cells/μl, and efavirenz use. Multivariate analysis identified that a single-point increase in SCL-90 depression symptoms score (AOR 1.16, 95% CI 4.5-123.6, p = 0.000) and efavirenz use (AOR 5.00, 95% CI 1.02-24.6, p = 0.048) were significant independent factors related to suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION Suicidal ideation is commonly found among Indonesian HIV-infected adults on ART. Depressive symptoms and efavirenz use are independent factors related to the presence of suicidal ideation. Thus, early screening of psychopathology as well as substitution of efavirenz with other ART regiment are recommended to prevent suicide and improve HIV/AIDS management outcome.
Collapse
|