1
|
Iolascon A, Andolfo I, Russo R, Sanchez M, Busti F, Swinkels D, Aguilar Martinez P, Bou-Fakhredin R, Muckenthaler MU, Unal S, Porto G, Ganz T, Kattamis A, De Franceschi L, Cappellini MD, Munro MG, Taher A. Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e108. [PMID: 39011129 PMCID: PMC11247274 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential nutrient and a constituent of ferroproteins and enzymes crucial for human life. Generally, nonmenstruating individuals preserve iron very efficiently, losing less than 0.1% of their body iron content each day, an amount that is replaced through dietary iron absorption. Most of the iron is in the hemoglobin (Hb) of red blood cells (RBCs); thus, blood loss is the most common cause of acute iron depletion and anemia worldwide, and reduced hemoglobin synthesis and anemia are the most common consequences of low plasma iron concentrations. The term iron deficiency (ID) refers to the reduction of total body iron stores due to impaired nutrition, reduced absorption secondary to gastrointestinal conditions, increased blood loss, and increased needs as in pregnancy. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is defined as low Hb or hematocrit associated with microcytic and hypochromic erythrocytes and low RBC count due to iron deficiency. IDA most commonly affects women of reproductive age, the developing fetus, children, patients with chronic and inflammatory diseases, and the elderly. IDA is the most frequent hematological disorder in children, with an incidence in industrialized countries of 20.1% between 0 and 4 years of age and 5.9% between 5 and 14 years (39% and 48.1% in developing countries). The diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients with ID and IDA change depending on age and gender and during pregnancy. We herein summarize what is known about the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ID and IDA and formulate a specific set of recommendations on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achille Iolascon
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore Napoli Italy
| | - Immacolata Andolfo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore Napoli Italy
| | - Roberta Russo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore Napoli Italy
| | - Mayka Sanchez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Iron metabolism: Regulation and Diseases Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC) Barcelona Spain
| | - Fabiana Busti
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, EuroBloodNEt Referral Center for Iron Disorders, Policlinico G.B. Rossi University of Verona Verona Italy
| | - Dorine Swinkels
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory (TML 830) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Aguilar Martinez
- Department of Hematological Biology, Reference Center on Rare Red Cell Disorders Montpellier University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Rayan Bou-Fakhredin
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sule Unal
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Graça Porto
- HematologyServiço de Imuno-hemoterapia, CHUdSA-Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António Porto Portugal
| | - Tomas Ganz
- Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California USA
| | - Antonis Kattamis
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, First Department of Pediatrics, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine University of Verona & AOUI Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi Verona Italy
| | - Maria Domenica Cappellini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community University of Milan, Cà Granda Foundation IRCCS Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Milan Italy
| | - Malcolm G Munro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles California USA
| | - Ali Taher
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brown ER, Giussani DA. Cause of fetal growth restriction during high-altitude pregnancy. iScience 2024; 27:109702. [PMID: 38694168 PMCID: PMC11061758 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
High-altitude pregnancy increases the incidence of fetal growth restriction and reduces birth weight. This poses a significant clinical challenge as both are linked to adverse health outcomes, including raised infant mortality and the development of the metabolic syndrome in later life. While this reduction in birth weight is mostly understood to be driven by the hypobaric hypoxia of high altitude, the causative mechanism is unclear. Moreover, it is now recognized that highland ancestry confers protection against this reduction in birth weight. Here, we analyze the evidence that pregnancy at high altitude reduces birth weight and that highland ancestry confers protection, discussing mechanisms contributing to both effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Brown
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dino A. Giussani
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Strategic Research Initiative in Reproduction
- Cambridge Cardiovascular Centre for Research Excellence
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abneh AA, Kassie TD, Gelaw SS. The magnitude and associated factors of immediate postpartum anemia among women who gave birth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis, 2023. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:317. [PMID: 38664625 PMCID: PMC11044590 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immediate postpartum period is a very crucial phase for both the life of the mother and her newborn baby. Anemia is the most indirect leading cause of maternal mortality. However, anemia in the immediate postpartum period is a neglected public health problem in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled magnitude of immediate postpartum anemia and the pooled effect size of associated factors in Ethiopia. METHODS Searching of published studies done through PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, African index Medicus, List of Reference Index, Hinari, and Google Scholar. This systematic review and meta-analysis follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) godliness. The quality of studies was assessed by using a Newcastle- Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessment tool. Analysis was performed using a random effect model by using STATA 17 version software. Egger's weighted regression and I2 test were used to evaluate publication bias and heterogeneity respectively. RESULTS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 6 studies were included. The pooled magnitude of immediate postpartum anemia in Ethiopia was 27% (95%CI: 22, 32). Instrumental mode of delivery (OR = 3.14, 95%CI: 2.03, 4.24), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement < 23 cm (OR = 3.19, 95%CI: 1.35, 5.03), Antepartum Hemorrhage (OR = 4.75, 95%CI: 2.46, 7.03), postpartum hemorrhage (OR = 4.67, 95%CI: 2.80, 6.55), and no iron/foliate supplementation (OR = 2.72, 95%CI: 1.85, 3.60) were the identified factors associated with developing anemia in the immediate postpartum period. CONCLUSION The overall pooled magnitude of anemia in the immediate postpartum period among Ethiopian women was still a moderate public health problem. Instrumental mode of delivery, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement < 23 cm, antepartum hemorrhage, postpartum hemorrhage, and no iron/foliate supplementation were the identified factors associated with higher odds of developing anemia among immediate postpartum women in Ethiopia. Therefore, midwives, and doctors, shall focus on prevention of maternal hemorrhage, nutritional advice and counseling including iron /foliate supplementation, and avoid unnecessary instrumental delivery to prevent and reduce anemia related maternal mortality and morbidity in Ethiopia. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42023437414 with registration date on 02/08/2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysheshim Asnake Abneh
- Department of public health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
| | - Tadele Derbew Kassie
- Department of public health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Sintayehu Shiferaw Gelaw
- Department of public health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kaur T, Upadhyay J, Nandave M, Alsayari A, Alshehri SA, Pukale S, Wahab S, Ahmad W, Rashid S, Ansari MN. Exploring progress in iron supplement formulation approaches for treating iron deficiency anemia through bibliometric and thematic analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29058. [PMID: 38623202 PMCID: PMC11016621 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Anemia is a severe health issue that affects around one-third of the global population. Therefore, the present study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to investigate the research trends regarding advancements on iron formulations in treating iron deficiency anemia via oral or parenteral route. This study adopts thematic and bibliometric methods on existing research on novel iron formulations. It also provides perspective into the existing understanding on treatment strategies for iron deficiency anemia. This study is conducted on 543 papers on various ferrous and ferric formulations used in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. The study period is from 1977 to 2022, and the papers are identified from the Scopus database. The bibliometric analysis was carried out using the R tool's Bibliometrix package. The study discusses performance analysis, including annual publications, geographic analysis, relevant affiliations, journal analysis, and citation analysis. In addition, the conceptual structure, including the co-occurrence network, thematic map, thematic evolution, intellectual structure highlighting co-citation analysis, and social structure depicting the collaboration network and collaboration world map, are presented. The results showed increased research on formulation strategies for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia from 2010 onwards. The top 5 contributing countries are the USA, Italy, India, Germany, and the UK, and peer-reviewed journals from the area of nutrition. The most trending areas of study are iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy, chronic kidney diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, and various intravenous formulations used in its treatment. The authors from Europe collaborate the most with authors from other countries. The study concludes that a safer and more effective iron formulation is needed to reduce the prevalence of anemia. The findings of the study are helpful in advancing research on innovative formulations for treating iron deficiency anemia. The insights from the study are helpful to policymakers in designing specific health policies and investing more in research and development of novel formulations for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarnjot Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Bidholi Campus, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jyoti Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Bidholi Campus, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mukesh Nandave
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sudeep Pukale
- Lupin Research Park, Nande, Maharashtra 412115, India
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li M, Wright A, Rahim AM, Tan KH, Tagore S. Retrospective Study Comparing Treatment Outcomes in Obstetric Patients With Iron Deficiency Anemia Treated With and Without Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose. Cureus 2024; 16:e55713. [PMID: 38586790 PMCID: PMC10998652 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Iron deficiency anemia is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Intravenous iron preparation containing ferric carboxymaltose has been shown to be a safe and effective way of increasing hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels and reducing the need for blood transfusion. In our center, it used to be given as an inpatient procedure because of the risks of potential drug reactions. In 2021, we initiated the administration of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose as an outpatient procedure. We compared the outcomes of patients between 2021 and 2023 after the initiation of outpatient administration of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in 127 obstetric patients with iron deficiency anemia in the second and third trimesters. Methods In this study conducted in a large maternity unit in Singapore between 2021 to 2023, we compared the changes in maternal hematological parameters among obstetric patients with iron deficiency anemia presenting to the day care unit in the second or third trimester with a Hb level of <8 g/dl treated with a single dose of ferric carboxymaltose injection (Ferinject) against a control group who were referred for treatment but defaulted on and declined treatment. Results Ferric carboxymaltose significantly increased the Hb and MCV levels at delivery in obstetric patients with iron deficiency. The mean Hb at delivery was 10.8 g/dL in the case group compared to 8.8 g/dL in the control group. The percentage of patients with Hb ≥10.0 g/dL was 73.4% in the case group compared to 27.8% in the control group. The incidence of adverse side effects was low and mild (2/127; 1.6%). None of the patients received were hospitalized because of ferric carboxymaltose. Conclusion A single injection dose of ferric carboxymaltose as an outpatient antenatal procedure was easily administered and well tolerated. Obstetric patients with iron deficiency anemia who received intravenous ferric carboxymaltose had a significantly higher level of Hb than those who did not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Li
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Ann Wright
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Asmira M Rahim
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Shephali Tagore
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang H, Yang Z, Wei S, Xia L, Li Y, Wu X, Lin X, Lu F. Perinatal outcomes and risk factors for epidural analgesia-associated intrapartum maternal fever: a retrospective study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2179383. [PMID: 37121901 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2179383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidural analgesia (EA) increases the risks of maternal fever during labor, which is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, while the risk factors for epidural-associated fever and strategies for minimizing these effects remain limited. METHODS A total of 325 pregnant women were retrospectively analyzed who had attended our hospital for a vaginal in-hospital delivery, including 208 who voluntarily accepted EA and 117 who did not receive EA. During labor, 208 EA women were allocated to a fever group (n = 42, a tympanic temperature ≥37.5 °C during labor), and a no fever group (n = 166). The outcome measures included main maternal and neonatal outcomes, labor times, duration of EA and the total EA dosage administered. RESULTS 42 out of 208 women given EA exhibited fever temperatures during labor, which were higher than in women who did not receive EA (20.19% vs. 0.85%). Maternal fever had an increased risks for conversion to surgery (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 4.05; 95% CI, 1.44-11.39) and neonatal infections (5.13; 1.98-13.29) compared to the no fever group. While maternal fever did not increase the risks for assisted vaginal delivery, fetal distress or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), it was predominantly associated with primiparity and lesser times of gravity. Frequent cervical examinations, the duration of first stage and total labor, and the duration of EA and its total dosage were positively correlated with the incidence of fever. Furthermore, after stratifying risk factors into subgroups, we found that more frequent cervical examinations (≥7 times) and longer duration of first stage (≥442.5 min), total labor time (≥490 min), EA (≥610.0 min) increased the risk for epidural-associated fever after adjustment for potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS EA increased the risk of intrapartum epidural-associated fever, which was correlated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Nulliparity, less times of gravidity, ≥7 cervical examinations, increased volume of the EA dosage, prolonged duration of EA and total labor time were risk factors for epidural-associated fever. The findings provide clinicians with insights and strategies to prevent epidural-associated fever more safely and effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaiping Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Siyi Wei
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianhua Lin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lis N, Lamnisos D, Bograkou-Tzanetakou A, Hadjimbei E, Tzanetakou IP. Preterm Birth and Its Association with Maternal Diet, and Placental and Neonatal Telomere Length. Nutrients 2023; 15:4975. [PMID: 38068836 PMCID: PMC10708229 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB), a multi-causal syndrome, is one of the global epidemics. Maternal nutrition, but also neonatal and placental telomere length (TL), are among the factors affecting PTB risk. However, the exact relationship between these factors and the PTB outcome, remains obscure. The aim of this review was to investigate the association between PTB, maternal nutrition, and placental-infant TL. Observational studies were sought with the keywords: maternal nutrition, placental TL, newborn, TL, and PTB. No studies were found that included all of the keywords simultaneously, and thus, the keywords were searched in dyads, to reach assumptive conclusions. The findings show that maternal nutrition affects PTB risk, through its influence on maternal TL. On the other hand, maternal TL independently affects PTB risk, and at the same time PTB is a major determinant of offspring TL regulation. The strength of the associations, and the extent of the influence from covariates, remains to be elucidated in future research. Furthermore, the question of whether maternal TL is simply a biomarker of maternal nutritional status and PTB risk, or a causative factor of PTB, to date, remains to be answered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Lis
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (N.L.); (D.L.)
- Maternity Clinic, Cork University Maternity Hospital, T12 YE02 Cork, Ireland
| | - Demetris Lamnisos
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (N.L.); (D.L.)
| | | | - Elena Hadjimbei
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
| | - Irene P. Tzanetakou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Yin J, Cussen C, Harrington C, Foskett P, Raja K, Ala A. Guideline Review: European Association for the Study of Liver (EASL) Clinical Practice Guidelines on Haemochromatosis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:649-655. [PMID: 37440950 PMCID: PMC10333946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) has recently (June 2022) produced new clinical practice guidelines for the investigation and management of haemochromatosis, to replace the previous document published in 2010. Here, we provide an overview of the principal changes recommended for the investigation and management of haemochromatosis arising from these guidelines and highlight particular areas where evidence is lacking and where future focus on specific research would improve patient treatment and outcomes. The guideline provides several important new recommendations that will have a meaningful impact on patient management. Specifically, the use of hepatic elastography as a non-invasive assessment of fibrosis, erythrocytapheresis as an alternative treatment modality to classical phlebotomy, surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma, dietary recommendations in patients with haemochromatosis and guidance on controversial topics including the management of P.C282Y/p.H63D compound heterozygotes, which have been a source of controversy within the field. It is anticipated that the new guidance will affect the management of haemochromatosis patients commonly seen in gastroenterology, liver and related clinics (e.g. haematology and rheumatology) and with this publication we intend to highlight these changes so as to empower clinicians with the confidence to bring these improvements to their translational practice in the treatment of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Liu Yin
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christopher Cussen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | - Christopher Harrington
- SAS Trace Element Laboratory, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
- Berkshire and Surrey Pathology Services, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | - Pierre Foskett
- Berkshire and Surrey Pathology Services, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | - Kishor Raja
- Department of Biochemistry, Synnovis Analytics, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Aftab Ala
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, FHMS, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu W, Gao M, Yang S, Sun C, Bi Y, Li Y, Wang J, Yuan X. Effects of omega-3 supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with gestational diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108451. [PMID: 36913875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM We assessed whether omega-3 supplementation could improve glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors in individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS In this meta-study, we used a random-effects or fixed-effects meta-analysis model to analyze the mean differences (MD) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) before and after omega-3 and placebo supplementation, thus evaluating the effects of omega-3 on glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors. RESULTS Six randomized controlled trials (331 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (WMD = -0.25 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.38, -0.12), fasting insulin (WMD = -17.13 pmol/L; 95 % CI: -27.95, -6.30), and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (WMD = -0.51; 95 % CI: -0.89, -0.12) were lower in the omega-3 group compared to their levels in the placebo group. The results of the analysis of lipid metabolism showed that triglycerides (WMD = -0.18 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.29, -0.08) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -0.1 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.16, -0.03) decreased in the omega-3 group, while high-density lipoproteins (WMD = 0.06 mmol/L; 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.10) increased. Compared to the placebo group, inflammatory factor serum C-reactive protein (SMD = -0.68 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.96, -0.39) decreased in the omega-3 group. CONCLUSION Omega-3 supplementation can decrease the levels of FPG and inflammatory factors, enhance blood lipid metabolism, and reduce insulin resistance in patients with GDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Menghan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Chenglin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yaru Bi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jiping Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiaojie Yuan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu L, Yin WJ, Yu LJ, Wang YH, Jiang XM, Zhang Y, Tao FB, Tao RX, Zhu P. Prenatal Exposure to Air Pollution and Pre-Labor Rupture of Membranes in a Prospective Cohort Study: The Role of Maternal Hemoglobin and Iron Supplementation. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:47013. [PMID: 37074185 PMCID: PMC10116877 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution in prenatal period is associated with prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM). However, the sensitive exposure time windows and the possible biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify the sensitive time windows of exposure to air pollution for PROM risk. Further, we examined whether maternal hemoglobin levels mediate the association between exposure to air pollution and PROM, as well as investigated the potential effect of iron supplementation on this association. METHOD From 2015 to 2021, 6,824 mother-newborn pairs were enrolled in the study from three hospitals in Hefei, China. We obtained air pollutant data [particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5), PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide (CO)] from the Hefei City Ecology and Environment Bureau. Information on maternal hemoglobin levels, gestational anemia, iron supplementation, and PROM was obtained from medical records. Logistic regression models with distributed lags were used to identify the sensitive time window for the effect of prenatal exposure to air pollutant on PROM. Mediation analysis estimated the mediated effect of maternal hemoglobin in the third trimester, linking prenatal air pollution with PROM. Stratified analysis was used to investigate the potential effect of iron supplementation on PROM risk. RESULTS We found significant association between prenatal exposure to air pollution and increased PROM risk after adjusting for confounders, and the critical exposure windows of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and CO were the 21th to 24th weeks of pregnancy. Every 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10, 5-μg/m3 increase in SO2, and 0.1-mg/m3 increase in CO was associated with low maternal hemoglobin levels [-0.94g/L (95% confidence interval (CI): -1.15, -0.73), -1.31g/L (95% CI: -1.55, -1.07), -2.96g/L (95% CI: -3.32, -2.61), and -1.11g/L (95% CI: -1.31, -0.92), respectively] in the third trimester. The proportion of the association between air pollution and PROM risk mediated by hemoglobin levels was 20.61% [average mediation effect (95% CI): 0.02 (0.01, 0.05); average direct effect (95%): 0.08 (0.02, 0.14)]. The PROM risk associated with exposure to low-medium air pollution could be attenuated by maternal iron supplementation in women with gestational anemia. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to air pollution, especially in the 21st to 24th weeks of pregnancy, is associated with PROM risk, which is partly mediated by maternal hemoglobin levels. Iron supplementation in anemia pregnancies may have protective effects against PROM risk associated with exposure to low-medium air pollution. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11134.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenic, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wan-jun Yin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenic, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-jun Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenic, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-hong Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenic, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-min Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Women and Child Health Care Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang-biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenic, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rui-xue Tao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hefei First People’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenic, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lagadinou M, Markantes G, Amerali M, Mulita F, Marangos M, Michalaki M. A Retrospective Study of Various Iron Preparations Oral Administration in Pregnant Women with Iron Deficiency Anemia. Mater Sociomed 2023; 35:157-164. [PMID: 37701349 PMCID: PMC10495134 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2023.35.157-164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy anemia is a common medical condition, with iron deficiency and megaloblastic anemia being the most common. The symptoms range from very mild to severe and if left without proper medical treatment, there can be serious consequences for both mother and fetus. The most frequent pregnancy problem is anemia. The term "Iron Deficiency Anemia" refers to erythropoiesis under conditions of absolute iron deficiency. This presupposes the depletion of iron stores in the body. Iron deficiency anemia or Sideropenic anemia is the most common form of anemia worldwide. Special attention must be given to nutrition during pregnancy. In the current retrospective study, it was evaluated the contribution of various iron preparations substitution during the pregnancy and puerperium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lagadinou
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras Greece
| | - Georgios Markantes
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Patras,
Patras, Greece
| | - Marina Amerali
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras Greece
| | - Francesk Mulita
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Markos Marangos
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras Greece
| | - Marina Michalaki
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Patras,
Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Carter RC, Dodge NC, Molteno CD, Meintjes EM, Jacobson JL, Jacobson SW. Mediating and Moderating Effects of Iron Homeostasis Alterations on Fetal Alcohol-Related Growth and Neurobehavioral Deficits. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204432. [PMID: 36297115 PMCID: PMC9607139 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)-related alterations in maternal and infant iron homeostasis. Given that early iron deficiency and PAE both lead to growth restriction and deficits in recognition memory and processing speed, we hypothesized that PAE-related iron homeostasis alterations may mediate and/or moderate effects of PAE on growth and neurobehavior. We examined this hypothesis in a prenatally recruited, prospective longitudinal birth cohort [87 mother-infant pairs with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (mean = 7.2 drinks/occasion on 1.4 days/week); 71 controls], with serial growth measures and infant neurobehavioral assessments. PAE was related to growth restriction at 2 weeks and 5 years, and, in infancy, poorer visual recognition memory, slower processing speed, lower complexity of symbolic play, and higher emotionality and shyness on a parental report temperament scale. Lower maternal hemoglobin-to-log(ferritin) ratio, which we have shown to be associated with PAE, appeared to exacerbate PAE-related 2-week head circumference reductions, and elevated maternal ferritin, which we have shown to be associated with PAE, appeared to exacerbate PAE-related visual recognition memory deficits. In causal inference analyses, PAE-related elevations in maternal ferritin and hemoglobin:log(ferritin) appeared to statistically mediate 22.6-82.3% of PAE-related growth restriction. These findings support potential mechanistic roles of iron homeostasis alterations in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Colin Carter
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Neil C. Dodge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Christopher D. Molteno
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Ernesta M. Meintjes
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Joseph L. Jacobson
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sandra W. Jacobson
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Disordered Maternal and Fetal Iron Metabolism Occurs in Preterm Births in Human. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1664474. [PMID: 36046373 PMCID: PMC9423993 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1664474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Increasing evidence reveals that iron deficiency during pregnancy causes adverse pregnancy outcomes. Thus far, the mechanisms underlying iron deficiency-associated preterm birth are mostly limited to animal studies. Whether the suggested mechanisms exist in human requires further investigation. The goal of this study was to characterize the iron metabolism in both the maternal side and fetal side in pregnant women with preterm birth. Methods. Serum and placenta samples were collected from 42 pregnant women divided into four groups according to the gestational week. Indicators of iron metabolism, including serum iron, serum hepcidin, placental tissue iron, ferroportin (FPN), transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), and ferritin, were surveyed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (Elisa), Western blots, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCR). Results. Significant reduction of maternal serum iron was observed in women with preterm birth relative to those with full-term birth, indicative of worsen iron deficiency in those mothers with preterm birth. Meanwhile, the maternal hepcidin levels were notably diminished in women with preterm birth, whereas the fetal hepcidin levels were comparable between the two groups. Moreover, the placental iron stores were remarkably reduced in the preterm group, associated with reduced concentration of TfR1 and increased FPN concentration relative to the normal controls. In other words, the ratio of placental FPN mass to TfR1 mass (PIDI index) was strikingly increased in the preterm group. Conclusions. Dysregulated iron homeostasis in both the maternal and fetal sides was implicated in preterm births, and disordered regulations in maintaining the placental iron equilibrium were also presumed to account for the compromised fetal iron supply.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zoller H, Schaefer B, Vanclooster A, Griffiths B, Bardou-Jacquet E, Corradini E, Porto G, Ryan J, Cornberg M. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on haemochromatosis. J Hepatol 2022; 77:479-502. [PMID: 35662478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Haemochromatosis is characterised by elevated transferrin saturation (TSAT) and progressive iron loading that mainly affects the liver. Early diagnosis and treatment by phlebotomy can prevent cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, diabetes, arthropathy and other complications. In patients homozygous for p.Cys282Tyr in HFE, provisional iron overload based on serum iron parameters (TSAT >45% and ferritin >200 μg/L in females and TSAT >50% and ferritin >300 μg/L in males and postmenopausal women) is sufficient to diagnose haemochromatosis. In patients with high TSAT and elevated ferritin but other HFE genotypes, diagnosis requires the presence of hepatic iron overload on MRI or liver biopsy. The stage of liver fibrosis and other end-organ damage should be carefully assessed at diagnosis because they determine disease management. Patients with advanced fibrosis should be included in a screening programme for hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment targets for phlebotomy are ferritin <50 μg/L during the induction phase and <100 μg/L during the maintenance phase.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anemia in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. There is increasing awareness amongst obstetricians about the need to screen for iron deficiency anemia (IDA), as well as growing literature on diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to summarize causes, consequences, treatment, and evaluation of IDA in pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS National guidelines provide varying guidance on diagnosis and treatment of IDA in pregnancy. Serum ferritin is a helpful adjunct for the diagnosis of IDA. Oral iron remains an option for treatment; absorption is improved with every other day dosing and is effective for patients able to tolerate. Emerging studies on modern generations of intravenous (IV) iron demonstrate shorter infusion times and improved safety profiles. Notably, recent UK guidelines provide consideration for universal IV iron supplementation for treatment of anemia beyond 34 weeks of pregnancy. SUMMARY Iron, in dietary, oral, and IV forms, has been found effective in resolving anemia in pregnancy. Pregnant people with IDA in the third trimester are more likely to benefit from IV iron. Future studies designed and powered to assess maternal and perinatal morbidity indicators and blood transfusion rates can strengthen recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irogue Igbinosa
- Stanford University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine
| | - Caroline Berube
- Stanford University, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Deirdre J Lyell
- Stanford University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mahajan NN, Pednekar R, Gaikwad C, More P, Pophalkar M, Kesarwani S, Jnanananda B, Mahale SD, Gajbhiye RK. Increased spontaneous preterm births during the second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in India. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2022; 157:115-120. [PMID: 34674259 PMCID: PMC9087695 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) and iatrogenic preterm birth (IPTB) rates during both waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS Retrospective analysis of the PregCovid registry of pregnant women with COVID-19 was performed at a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in Mumbai, India. The data of 1630 women were analyzed for this study between April 4, 2020 and July 4, 2021. Prepandemic data were analyzed and compared with pandemic data. Main outcome measure was spontaneous preterm birth rate. RESULTS Preterm deliveries were higher during the second wave (46/329; 14%) compared with the first wave (82/807; 10.2%) of the COVID-19 pandemic (P = 0.065). Higher SPTBs were reported during the second wave than the first wave (12.5% versus 8.3%) (P = 0.03) as well as the prepandemic period (12.5% versus 10.5%) (P = 0.286). IPTBs were significantly lower in the pandemic period than in the prepandemic period (1.8 versus 3.3) (P = 0.012). CONCLUSION In Mumbai, India, we found an unusual change in SPTBs during the 6 months of the second wave of COVID-19 compared with the previous 10 months of the first wave of pandemic and 1 year of prepandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj N. Mahajan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - Rahi Pednekar
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - Chaitanya Gaikwad
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - Prajakta More
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - Madhura Pophalkar
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - Shweta Kesarwani
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - Bhargavi Jnanananda
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - Smita D Mahale
- ICMR‐National Institute for Research in Reproductive HealthMumbaiIndia
| | - Rahul K Gajbhiye
- ICMR‐National Institute for Research in Reproductive HealthMumbaiIndia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rs868058 in the Homeobox Gene HLX Contributes to Early-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030447. [PMID: 35336820 PMCID: PMC8945724 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a condition that characterizes fetuses as too small for their gestational age, with an estimated fetal weight (EFW) below the 10th percentile and abnormal Doppler parameters and/or with EFW below the 3rd percentile. We designed our study to demonstrate the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from DLX3 (rs11656951, rs2278163, and rs10459948), HLX (rs2184658, and 868058), ANGPT2 (−35 G > C), and ITGAV (rs3911238, and rs3768777) genes in maternal blood in FGR. A cohort of 380 women with singleton pregnancies consisted of 190 pregnancies with FGR and 190 healthy full-term controls. A comparison of the pregnancies with an early-onset FGR and healthy subjects showed that the AT heterozygotes in HLX rs868058 were significantly associated with an approximately two-fold increase in disease risk (p ≤ 0.050). The AT heterozygotes in rs868058 were significantly more frequent in the cases with early-onset FGR than in late-onset FGR in the overdominant model (OR 2.08 95% CI 1.11−3.89, p = 0.022), and after being adjusted by anemia, in the codominant model (OR 2.45 95% CI 1.23−4.90, p = 0.034). In conclusion, the heterozygous AT genotype in HLX rs868058 can be considered a significant risk factor for the development of early-onset FGR, regardless of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women.
Collapse
|
18
|
Mégier C, Peoc’h K, Puy V, Cordier AG. Iron Metabolism in Normal and Pathological Pregnancies and Fetal Consequences. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020129. [PMID: 35208204 PMCID: PMC8876952 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is required for energy production, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation, mainly as a component of the prosthetic group in hemoproteins and as part of iron-sulfur clusters. Iron is also a critical component of hemoglobin and plays an important role in oxygen delivery. Imbalances in iron metabolism negatively affect these vital functions. As the crucial barrier between the fetus and the mother, the placenta plays a pivotal role in iron metabolism during pregnancy. Iron deficiency affects 1.2 billion individuals worldwide. Pregnant women are at high risk of developing or worsening iron deficiency. On the contrary, in frequent hemoglobin diseases, such as sickle-cell disease and thalassemia, iron overload is observed. Both iron deficiency and iron overload can affect neonatal development. This review aims to provide an update on our current knowledge on iron and heme metabolism in normal and pathological pregnancies. The main molecular actors in human placental iron metabolism are described, focusing on the impact of iron deficiency and hemoglobin diseases on the placenta, together with normal metabolism. Then, we discuss data concerning iron metabolism in frequent pathological pregnancies to complete the picture, focusing on the most frequent diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Mégier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France;
| | - Katell Peoc’h
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Laboratoire de Biochimie Clinique, HUPNVS, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy and Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine Xavier Bichat, INSERM U1149, F-75018 Paris, France;
| | - Vincent Puy
- Unité de biologie de la Reproduction CECOS, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Université Paris Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France;
- Laboratoire de Développement des Gonades, UMRE008 Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Gaël Cordier
- INSERM, 3PHM, UMR-S1139, F-75006 Paris, France
- PremUp Foundation, F-75014 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-145374441; Fax: +33-45374366
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen N, Li Z, Huang Y, Xiao C, Shen X, Pan S, Su Q, Wang Z. Iron parameters in pregnant women with beta-thalassaemia minor combined with iron deficiency anaemia compared to pregnant women with iron deficiency anaemia alone demonstrate the safety of iron supplementation in beta-thalassaemia minor during pregnancy. Br J Haematol 2021; 196:390-396. [PMID: 34562018 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In patients with beta-thalassaemia intermedia or major, hepcidin induces iron overload by continuously promoting iron absorption. There have been no studies in pregnant women with beta-thalassaemia minor combined with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), examining whether hepcidin is inhibited by GDF15, as may occur in patients with beta-thalassaemia intermedia or major, or whether the iron metabolism characteristics and the effect of iron supplementation are consistent with simple IDA in pregnancy. We compared and analysed routine blood parameters, iron metabolism parameters, the GDF15 levels, and the hepcidin levels among four groups, namely the beta-thalassaemia (β) + IDA, β, IDA, and normal groups. In addition, the β + IDA and IDA groups received iron supplementation for four weeks. We found no statistically significant correlation between hepcidin and GDF15 in any group, but a positive correlation was observed between hepcidin and ferritin. After iron supplementation, the routine blood parameters and iron metabolism parameters in the β + IDA group were improved, and the hepcidin content was significantly increased. These results suggest that in pregnant women with beta-thalassaemia minor, hepcidin functions normally to maintain iron homeostasis, and that iron supplementation is effective and safe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niankun Chen
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoqun Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shumin Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongqiong Su
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sunguya BF, Ge Y, Mlunde L, Mpembeni R, Leyna G, Huang J. High burden of anemia among pregnant women in Tanzania: a call to address its determinants. Nutr J 2021; 20:65. [PMID: 34238307 PMCID: PMC8268339 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia in pregnancy is behind a significant burden of maternal mortality and poor birth outcomes globally. Efforts to address it need evidence on trends and its pertinent factors as they vary from one area to another. Methods We pooled data of 23,203 women of reproductive age whose hemoglobin levels were measured from two Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS). Of them, 2,194 women were pregnant. Analyses employed descriptive analyses to determine the burden of anemia, its characteristics, and severity; GIS mapping to determine the regional changes of anemia between 2005 and 2015; and logistic regression to determine the remaining determinants of anemia among pregnant women using Stata 15. Results The burden of anemia among pregnant women in Tanzania has remained unprecedently high, and varies between regions. There was no significant decline of anemia in general between the two periods after adjusting for individual, households, reproductive, and child characteristics [AOR = 0.964, 95% CI = 0.774–1.202, p = 0.747). Anemia is currently prevalent in 57% of pregnant women in Tanzania. The prevalence is more likely to be higher among women aged 15–19 years than those aged between 20–34 years. It is more likely to be prevalent among those within large families, with no formal education, food insecurity, lack of health insurance, had no antimalaria during pregnancy, and had low frequency of ANC attendance. On the other hand, delivery in a health facility may be potentially protective against anemia. Conclusions Anemia in pregnancy remained persistently high and prevalent among 57% of pregnant women in Tanzania. Efforts to address anemia are crucial and need to be focused in regions with increasing burden of anemia among pregnant women. It is imperative to address important risk factors such as food insecurity, strengthening universal health coverage, empowering women of reproductive age with education and especially nutritional knowledge and advocating for early antenatal booking, attendance, and facility delivery. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-021-00726-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno F Sunguya
- School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Yue Ge
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
| | - Linda Mlunde
- School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.,Implementation Science Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Rose Mpembeni
- School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Germana Leyna
- Tanzania Food and Nutrition Center, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Jiayan Huang
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|