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Souza BR, Codo BC, Romano-Silva MA, Tropepe V. Darpp-32 is regulated by dopamine and is required for the formation of GABAergic neurons in the developing telencephalon. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111060. [PMID: 38906412 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
DARPP-32 (dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein Mr. 32 kDa) is a phosphoprotein that is modulated by multiple receptors integrating intracellular pathways and playing roles in various physiological functions. It is regulated by dopaminergic receptors through the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway, which modulates the phosphorylation of threonine 34 (Thr34). When phosphorylated at Thr34, DARPP-32 becomes a potent protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) inhibitor. Since dopamine is involved in the development of GABAergic neurons and DARPP-32 is expressed in the developing brain, it is possible that DARPP-32 has a role in GABAergic neuronal development. We cloned the zebrafish darpp-32 gene (ppp1r1b) gene and observed that it is evolutionarily conserved in its inhibitory domain (Thr34 and surrounding residues) and the docking motif (residues 7-11 (KKIQF)). We also characterized darpp-32 protein expression throughout the 5 days post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larval brain by immunofluorescence and demonstrated that darpp-32 is mainly expressed in regions that receive dopaminergic projections (pallium, subpallium, preoptic region, and hypothalamus). We demonstrated that dopamine acutely suppressed darpp-32 activity by reducing the levels of p-darpp-32 in the 5dpf zebrafish larval brain. In addition, the knockdown of darpp-32 resulted in a decrease in the number of GABAergic neurons in the subpallium of the 5dpf larval brain, with a concomitant increase in the number of DAergic neurons. Finally, we demonstrated that darpp-32 downregulation during development reduced the motor behavior of 5dpf zebrafish larvae. Thus, our observations suggest that darpp-32 is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of dopamine receptor signaling and is required for the formation of GABAergic neurons in the developing telencephalon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rezende Souza
- Laboratório NeuroDEv, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil 31270-901; Laboratório de Neurociências Molecular e Comportamental (LANEC) - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Campos Codo
- Laboratório NeuroDEv, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil 31270-901; Laboratório de Neurociências Molecular e Comportamental (LANEC) - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva
- Laboratório de Neurociências and INCT de Medicina Molecular, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil 30130-100
| | - Vincent Tropepe
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G5.
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2
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Rocha GS, Freire MAM, Paiva KM, Oliveira RF, Morais PLAG, Santos JR, Cavalcanti JRLP. The neurobiological effects of senescence on dopaminergic system: A comprehensive review. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 137:102415. [PMID: 38521203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Over time, the body undergoes a natural, multifactorial, and ongoing process named senescence, which induces changes at the molecular, cellular, and micro-anatomical levels in many body systems. The brain, being a highly complex organ, is particularly affected by this process, potentially impairing its numerous functions. The brain relies on chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters to function properly, with dopamine being one of the most crucial. This catecholamine is responsible for a broad range of critical roles in the central nervous system, including movement, learning, cognition, motivation, emotion, reward, hormonal release, memory consolidation, visual performance, sexual drive, modulation of circadian rhythms, and brain development. In the present review, we thoroughly examine the impact of senescence on the dopaminergic system, with a primary focus on the classic delimitations of the dopaminergic nuclei from A8 to A17. We provide in-depth information about their anatomy and function, particularly addressing how senescence affects each of these nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Rocha
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurelio M Freire
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
| | - Karina M Paiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Paulo Leonardo A G Morais
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - José Ronaldo Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
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Cleal M, Fontana BD, Hillman C, Parker MO. Ontogeny of working memory and behavioural flexibility in the free movement pattern (FMP) Y-maze in zebrafish. Behav Processes 2023; 212:104943. [PMID: 37689254 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of executive skills such as working memory, decision-making and adaptive responding occur at different stages of central nervous system development. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are increasingly used in behavioural neuroscience for complex behavioural tasks, and there is a critical need to understand the ontogeny of their executive functions. Zebrafish across developmental stages (4, 7, 14, 30 and 90 days post fertilisation (dpf)), were assessed to track development of working memory (WM) and behavioural flexibility (BF) using the free movement pattern Y-maze (FMP Y-maze). Several differences in both WM and BF were identified during the transition from yolk-dependent to independent feeding. Specifically, WM is evident in all age groups, even from 4 dpf. However, BF is not developed until larvae start free feeding, and show significant improvement thereafter, with young adults (90 dpf) demonstrating the most well-defined BF. We demonstrate, for the first time, objective WM processes in 4 dpf zebrafish larvae. This suggests that those wishing to study WM in zebrafish may be able to do so from 4 dpf, thus drastically increasing throughput. In addition, we show that zebrafish follow distinct stages of cognitive development and age-related changes during the early developmental period. Finally, our findings indicate distinct WM and BF mechanisms, which may be useful to study for translational purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Cleal
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Barbara D Fontana
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Courtney Hillman
- Surrey Sleep Research centre, School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Matthew O Parker
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK; Surrey Sleep Research centre, School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, UK.
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Jiang M, Zhang Z, Han Q, Peng R, Shi H, Jiang X. Embryonic exposure to environmentally relevant levels of tributyltin affects embryonic tributyltin bioaccumulation and the physiological responses of juveniles in cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114894. [PMID: 37059015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a typical organic pollutant that persists in aquatic sediments due to its wide usage as an antifouling fungicide during the past few decades. Despite increased awareness of the serious negative consequences of TBT on aquatic species, studies on the effects of TBT exposure on cephalopod embryonic development and juvenile physiological performance are scarce. To investigate the lasting effects of TBT toxicity on Sepia pharaonis from embryo to hatchling, embryos (gastrula stage, 3-5 h post fertilization) were exposed to four levels of TBT until hatching: 0 (control), 30 (environmental level), 60, and 120 ng/L. Subsequently, juvenile growth performance endpoints and behavioral alterations were assessed over 15 days post-hatching. Egg hatchability was significantly reduced and embryonic development (i.e., premature hatching) was accelerated in response to 30 ng/L TBT exposure. Meanwhile, TBT-induced alterations in embryonic morphology primarily included yolk-sac lysis, embryonic malformations, and uneven pigment distributions. During the pre-middle stage of embryonic development, the eggshell serves as an effective barrier to safeguard the embryo from exposure to 30-60 ng/L TBT, according to patterns of TBT accumulation and distribution in the egg compartment. However, even environmental relevant levels of TBT (30 ng/L) exposure during embryonic development had a negative impact on juvenile behavior and growth, including slowing growth, shortening eating times, causing more irregular movements, and increasing inking times. These findings indicate that after TBT exposure, negative long-lasting effects on S. pharaonis development from embryo to hatchling persist, suggesting that long-lasting toxic effects endure from S. pharaonis embryos to hatchlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Qingxi Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Ruibing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Huilai Shi
- Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xiamin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China.
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Environmentally-relevant concentrations of the antipsychotic drugs sulpiride and clozapine induce abnormal dopamine and serotonin signaling in zebrafish brain. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17973. [PMID: 36289270 PMCID: PMC9606268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of drugs in surface and groundwaters adversely affects the physiological function of non-target organisms due special activities that can pose a serious threats to various forms of aquatic life. Psychotropic drugs are one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmentally-relevant concentrations of the antipsychotic drugs, sulpiride and clozapine, on dopaminergic (DAergic) and serotonergic (5-HTergic) neurotransmitter systems in the brain of zebrafish. Adult zebrafish (AB strain) were exposed to the environmentally-relevant concentrations of sulpiride, clozapine, or a mixture of sulpiride and clozapine. The effects of the drugs on the mRNA and protein levels of major functional molecules in DAergic and 5-HTergic systems were then analyzed in the telencephalon and diencephalon. Both drugs induced abnormal mRNA and protein levels of important functional molecules of the DA and 5-HT signaling pathways in both telencephalon and diencephalon, as shown by the abnormal transcriptional levels of TH, DAT, DR D1, DR D2, MAO, TPH, serotonin transporter (SERT), 5-HTR 1AA, 5-HTR 1B, 5-THR 2AA, and 5-HTR 2B, and the abnormal translational levels of DAT, DR D2, SERT, 5-HTR 1A, 5-HTR 1B, and 5-HTR 2B. In addition, we observed a specificity in the adverse effects of these antipsychotic drugs, in terms of doses and brain parts. Compared to their effects alone, the drug mixture had a weaker effect on the DA and 5-HT systems, suggesting an antagonistic interaction between sulpiride and clozapine. Our findings suggest that sulpiride and clozapine interfere with DAergic and 5-HTergic neurotransmitter systems in the telencephalon and diencephalon of zebrafish, resulting in possible effects on brain functions and posing a serious threat to the health of zebrafish.
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Shi Z, Liang X, Zhao Y, Liu W, Martyniuk CJ. Neurotoxic effects of synthetic phenolic antioxidants on dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and GABAergic signaling in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154688. [PMID: 35318061 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs) are an environmental concern because they are widely detected in aquatic ecosystems and can pose potential threats to organisms. Studies have reported developmental deficits and behavioral changes in response to SPAs, indicating possible neurotoxic effects. However, their neuroactive potency as well as their mode of action (MoA) remain unclear. As such, this study evaluated the potential neurotoxicity of three SPAs [butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), and 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP)] at three concentrations (0.01, 0.1 and 1 μM) to zebrafish larvae. Both 2,4-DTBP and BHT decreased spontaneous tail coiling (STC) at 28 hpf (hours post fertilization) whereas 4-t-OP increased STC. Locomotor activity, based on the velocity and distance of larvae (144 hpf) travelled, was promoted by 2,4-DTBP while it decreased in larvae with exposure to 4-t-OP and BHT. In the light-dark preference assay, exposure to either 2,4-DTBP or BHT resulted in variability in the visiting frequency to the dark zone, and larvae (144 hpf) spent less time in the dark, suggesting anxiety-like behavior. Conversely, zebrafish exposed to 4-t-OP, especially at 1 μM concentration, were hypoactive and spent more time in dark, suggestive of anxiolytic-like responses. RNA-seq was conducted to discern mechanisms underlying behavioral responses. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that gene networks related to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction as well as neurotransmitter-related pathways were altered by all three SPAs based on gene set and subnetwork enrichment analysis. Modulation of dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and/or GABAergic signaling at the transcript level was noted for each of the three SPAs, but different expression patterns were observed, indicating SPA- and dose-specific responses of the transcriptome. The present study provides novel insight into potential mechanisms associated with neurotoxicity of SPAs congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Shi
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xuefang Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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7
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Wu L, Dang Y, Liang LX, Gong YC, Zeeshan M, Qian Z, Geiger SD, Vaughn MG, Zhou Y, Li QQ, Chu C, Tan YW, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Hu LW, Yang BY, Zeng XW, Yu Y, Dong GH. Perfluorooctane sulfonates induces neurobehavioral changes and increases dopamine neurotransmitter levels in zebrafish larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134234. [PMID: 35259355 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) causes behavioral abnormalities in zebrafish larvae, but the possible mechanisms underlying these changes remain unexplored. In this study, zebrafish embryos (2 h postfertilization, 2-hpf) were exposed to PFOS at different concentrations (0, 0.032, 0.32 and 3.2 mg/L) for 120 h. Developmental endpoints and the locomotion behavior of larvae were evaluated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, dopamine contents, several genes and proteins related to neurodevelopment and dopamine signaling were examined. Our results indicate that increased ROS levels in the zebrafish larvae heads may be causally associated with neurodevelopment damage. Meanwhile, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and alpha1-Tubulin (α1-Tubulin) protein contents were significantly increased, which may be a compensatory mechanism for the impaired central nervous system. PFOS-induced locomotor hyperactivity was observed in the first light phase and dark phase at the 0.32 and 3.2 mg/L of PFOS. Upregulation of dopamine-related genes tyrosine hydroxylase (th) and dopamine transporter (dat) associated with increased dopamine contents in the 3.2 mg/L of PFOS. In addition, protein expression of TH and DAT were noted at the 0.32 and 3.2 mg/L of PFOS concentrations. Our results suggested that PFOS induces neurobehavioral changes in zebrafish larvae, possibly by perturbing a dopamine signaling pathway. In addition, PFOS induced development damage, such as increased malformation rate and shorter body length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yao Dang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Li-Xia Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yan-Chen Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Sarah Dee Geiger
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ya-Wen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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8
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Dopamine signaling impairs ROS modulation by mitochondrial hexokinase in human neural progenitor cells. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:230295. [PMID: 34821365 PMCID: PMC8661505 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine signaling has numerous roles during brain development. In addition, alterations in dopamine signaling may be also involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Neurodevelopment is modulated in multiple steps by reactive oxygen species (ROS), byproducts of oxidative metabolism that are signaling factors involved in proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Hexokinase (HK), when associated with the mitochondria (mt-HK), is a potent modulator of the generation of mitochondrial ROS in the brain. In the present study, we investigated whether dopamine could affect both the activity and redox function of mt-HK in human neural progenitor cells (NPCs). We found that dopamine signaling via D1R decreases mt-HK activity and impairs ROS modulation, which is followed by an expressive release of H2O2 and impairment in calcium handling by the mitochondria. Nevertheless, mitochondrial respiration is not affected, suggesting specificity for dopamine on mt-HK function. In neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of schizophrenia patients, mt-HK is unable to decrease mitochondrial ROS, in contrast with NSCs derived from healthy individuals. Our data point to mitochondrial hexokinase as a novel target of dopaminergic signaling, as well as a redox modulator in human neural progenitor cells, which may be relevant to the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia.
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Félix L, Lobato-Freitas C, Monteiro SM, Venâncio C. 24-Epibrassinolide modulates the neurodevelopmental outcomes of high caffeine exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109143. [PMID: 34284067 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous embryonic fish data have shown caffeine to induce potential teratogenic and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes through oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. In this context, antioxidants may have the potential to counteract the caffeine-induced effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EPI), a natural brassinosteroid with proven antioxidant properties, against caffeine-induced teratogenic effects during early zebrafish development. Embryos (~2 h post-fertilization - hpf) were exposed to 0.5 mM caffeine, co-exposed to 24-EPI (0.01, 0.1 and 1 μM) and to 24-EPI alone (1 μM) for 96 h. During exposure, lethal and sublethal developmental parameters were evaluated. At the end of the exposure, biochemical evaluations were made, and 24 h after, different behavioural paradigms were assessed. An increased number of animals showing oedema and malformations were observed after caffeine exposure, while these were reduced after co-exposure to 24-EPI concentration, namely the tail curvature. The results showed oxidative stress and related parameters similar among treatments. Yet, caffeine exposure resulted in locomotor deficits (decreased speed and distance) and disrupted anxiety-like and avoidance responses. The co-exposure to caffeine and to the highest 24-EPI concentrations resulted in less pronounced behavioural deficits. Overall, there was an absence of effects in the embryo/larvae exposed solely to 24-EPI, while caffeine caused developmental and neurotoxic effects. Although further studies are needed, the results showed promising protective effects of the highest 24-EPI concentration tested against the toxicity induced by caffeine in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production. University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3s), Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carolina Lobato-Freitas
- Life Sciences and Environment School (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sandra M Monteiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production. University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Life Sciences and Environment School (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Venâncio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production. University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Animal Science, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
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10
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Zhang Y, Jia Z, Rajendran RS, Zhu C, Wang X, Liu K, Cen J. Exposure of particulate matter (PM 10) induces neurodevelopmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Neurotoxicology 2021; 87:208-218. [PMID: 34678400 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter with 10 μm or less in diameter (PM10) exposure is a major threat to health and environment around the world. Even though a number of clinical and experimental studies have focused on the cardiopulmonary effects of PM10, its impact on neurovascular development and the underlying toxicity is relatively less studied. The present study is therefore undertaken to evaluate the potential toxic effects of PM10 on neurodevelopment and the associated gene expression profiles in the zebrafish embryo/larvae. During 2017-2018, PM10 samples (24 h sampling, 180 sampling days) were collected in an urban downtown site of Jinan, Shandong province, China. To delineate the potential toxic effects of PM10 during neurodevelopment, zebrafish embryos/larvae were exposed to different concentrations viz., 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL of PM10 solution for 24-120 h post-fertilization (hpf) and the effects on the mortality, morphology, swimming behavior, electroencephalogram discharges, growth of dopaminergic neurons, neurovasculature development and gene expression profiles of dopaminergic and neurodevelopment-related genes using qRT-PCR were studied. A significant increase in the mortality rate and morphological abnormalities were observed in 200 μg/mL of the PM10 treated group at 120 hpf. High concentrations (≥100 μg/mL) of PM10 exposure reduced locomotor behavior, caused abnormal electroencephalogram discharges, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, inhibition of neurovascular development, cerebral hemorrhage, and significant changes in the expression pattern of genes involved in dopaminergic pathway and neurodevelopment such as (th1, dat, drd1, drd2a, drd3, drd4b, syn2a, gap43, α1-tubulin, gfap, map2, elavl3, eno2, neurog1, sox2, shha, and mbp). Taken together, all these parameters collectively imply developmental neurotoxicity and dysfunction of the dopaminergic neurons which provides the first evidence of PM10-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity in the zebrafish embryo/larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Zhili Jia
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - R Samuel Rajendran
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Chengyue Zhu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Juan Cen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, PR China.
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Nabinger DD, Altenhofen S, Peixoto JV, da Silva JMK, Bonan CD. Long-lasting behavioral effects of quinpirole exposure on zebrafish. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 88:107034. [PMID: 34600099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The human brain matures into a complex structure, and to reach its complete development, connections must occur along exact paths. If at any stage, the processes are altered, interrupted, or inhibited, the consequences can be permanent. Dopaminergic signaling participates in the control of physiological functions and behavioral processes, and alterations in this signaling pathway are related to the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders. For this reason, the use of pharmacological agents able to interact with the dopaminergic signaling may elucidate the biological bases of such disorders. We investigated the long-lasting behavioral effects on adult zebrafish after quinpirole (a dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist) exposure during early life stages of development (24 h exposure at 5 days post-fertilization, dpf) to better understand the mechanisms underlying neurological disorders related to the dopaminergic system. Quinpirole exposure at the early life stages of zebrafish led to late behavioral alterations. When evaluated at 120 dpf, zebrafish presented increased anxiety-like behaviors. At the open tank test, fish remained longer at the bottom of the tank, indicating anxiety-like behavior. Furthermore, quinpirole-treated fish exhibited increased absolute turn angle, likely an indication of elevated erratic movements and a sign of increased fear or anxiety. Quinpirole-treated fish also showed altered swimming patterns, characterized by stereotypic swimming. During the open tank test, exposed zebrafish swims from corner to corner in a repetitive manner at the bottom of the tank. Moreover, quinpirole exposure led to memory impairment compared to control fish. However, quinpirole administration had no effects on social and aggressive behavior. These findings demonstrate that dopaminergic signaling altered by quinpirole administration in the early life stages of development led to late alterations in behavioral parameters of adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Dreher Nabinger
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefani Altenhofen
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Vasconcellos Peixoto
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Kuhl da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Cerebrais, Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Zhou Y, Han X, Bao Y, Zhu Z, Huang J, Yang C, He C, Zuo Z. Chronic exposure to environmentally realistic levels of diuron impacts the behaviour of adult marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 238:105917. [PMID: 34333370 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diuron, a commonly used herbicide and antifouling biocide, has been frequently detected in seawater. The effects of diuron on fish behaviour are currently poorly understood. Herein, the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) was continuously exposed to environmentally realistic levels of diuron from the fertilised egg stage to the adult stage. Behavioural evaluation of adult marine medaka indicated that exposure to diuron increased anxiety in the light-dark test and increased predator avoidance. In addition, diuron exposure significantly reduced aggression, social interaction, shoaling, and learning and memory ability. However, only negligible variations in foraging behaviour and in behaviour in the novel tank test were observed. Marine medaka chronically exposed to diuron also showed decreased levels of dopamine in the brain, and changes were observed in the transcription of genes related to dopamine synthesis, degradation and receptors. Exposure to 5000 ng/L diuron caused significant downregulation of the expression of the genes of tyrosine hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase and significantly upregulated the expression of the genes of the D5 dopaminergic receptor. The relative expression of the D4 dopaminergic receptor was significantly upregulated in the 50, 500 and 5000 ng/L diuron-treated groups. These findings highlight the significant neurotoxic effects of diuron and the extent to which this may involve the dopaminergic system of the brain. More broadly, this study reveals the ecological risk associated with environmentally realistic levels of diuron in marine animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xue Han
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yuanyuan Bao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zihan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chengyong He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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Pensado-López A, Veiga-Rúa S, Carracedo Á, Allegue C, Sánchez L. Experimental Models to Study Autism Spectrum Disorders: hiPSCs, Rodents and Zebrafish. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1376. [PMID: 33233737 PMCID: PMC7699923 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) affect around 1.5% of the global population, which manifest alterations in communication and socialization, as well as repetitive behaviors or restricted interests. ASD is a complex disorder with known environmental and genetic contributors; however, ASD etiology is far from being clear. In the past decades, many efforts have been put into developing new models to study ASD, both in vitro and in vivo. These models have a lot of potential to help to validate some of the previously associated risk factors to the development of the disorder, and to test new potential therapies that help to alleviate ASD symptoms. The present review is focused on the recent advances towards the generation of models for the study of ASD, which would be a useful tool to decipher the bases of the disorder, as well as to conduct drug screenings that hopefully lead to the identification of useful compounds to help patients deal with the symptoms of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Pensado-López
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.-L.); (S.V.-R.)
- Genomic Medicine Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Sara Veiga-Rúa
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.-L.); (S.V.-R.)
- Genomic Medicine Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Genomic Medicine Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), CIMUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Catarina Allegue
- Genomic Medicine Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.-L.); (S.V.-R.)
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de Abreu MS, Genario R, Giacomini AC, Demin KA, Lakstygal AM, Amstislavskaya TG, Fontana BD, Parker MO, Kalueff AV. Zebrafish as a Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Neuroscience 2020; 445:3-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pierre C, Pradère N, Froc C, Ornelas-García P, Callebert J, Rétaux S. A mutation in monoamine oxidase (MAO) affects the evolution of stress behavior in the blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb226092. [PMID: 32737213 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.226092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter serotonin controls a variety of physiological and behavioral processes. In humans, mutations affecting monoamine oxidase (MAO), the serotonin-degrading enzyme, are highly deleterious. Yet, blind cavefish of the species Astyanax mexicanus carry a partial loss-of-function mutation in MAO (P106L) and thrive in their subterranean environment. Here, we established four fish lines, corresponding to the blind cave-dwelling and the sighted river-dwelling morphs of this species, with or without the mutation, in order to decipher the exact contribution of mao P106L in the evolution of cavefish neurobehavioral traits. Unexpectedly, although mao P106L appeared to be an excellent candidate for the genetic determinism of the loss of aggressive and schooling behaviors in cavefish, we demonstrated that it was not the case. Similarly, the anatomical variations in monoaminergic systems observed between cavefish and surface fish brains were independent from mao P106L, and rather due to other, morph-dependent developmental processes. However, we found that mao P106L strongly affected anxiety-like behaviors. Cortisol measurements showed lower basal levels and an increased amplitude of stress response after a change of environment in fish carrying the mutation. Finally, we studied the distribution of the P106L mao allele in wild populations of cave and river A. mexicanus, and discovered that the mutant allele was present - and sometimes fixed - in all populations inhabiting caves of the Sierra de El Abra. The possibility that this partial loss-of-function mao allele evolves under a selective or a neutral regime in the particular cave environment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Pierre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Naomie Pradère
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cynthia Froc
- Amatrace platform, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Patricia Ornelas-García
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de México, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jacques Callebert
- Service Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, 75475 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rétaux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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de Matos LO, de Araujo Lima Reis AL, Lopes Guerra LT, de Oliveira Guarnieri L, Moraes MA, Arabe LB, de Souza RP, Pereira GS, Souza BR. Early postnatal l-Dopa treatment causes behavioral alterations in female vs. male young adult Swiss mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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de Souza Lima ACM, de Alvarenga KAF, Codo BC, Sacramento EK, Rosa DVF, Souza RP, Romano-Silva MA, Souza BR. Impairment of motor but not anxiety-like behavior caused by the increase of dopamine during development is sustained in zebrafish larvae at later stages. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 80:106-122. [PMID: 31990423 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neuropsychiatric disorders are associated with both dopaminergic (DAergic) and developmental hypotheses. Since DAergic receptors are expressed in the developing brain, it is possible that alterations in dopamine (DA) signaling may impair brain development and consequent behavior. In our previous study, using a zebrafish model, we showed that an increase of DA during the 3 to 5 days postfertilization (dpf) developmental window (an important window for GABAergic neuronal differentiation) affects the motor behavior of 5 dpf larvae. In this study, we set out to determine whether these behavioral alterations were sustained in larvae at older stages (7 and 14 dpf). To test this hypothesis, we chronically treated zebrafish larvae from 3 to 5 dpf with DA. After washing the drug, we recorded and analyzed the first 5 and 30 min of the motor behavior of 5, 7, and 14 dpf subjects. We analyzed mobile episodes, distance traveled, time mobile, distance traveled per mobile episode, time in movement per mobile episode, and distance traveled per time mobile. We showed, once again, that an increase of DA during the 3 to 5 dpf developmental window reduces the number of movement episodes initiated by 5 dpf larvae. We also detected a decrease of other motor behavior parameters in 5 dpf DA-treated larvae. We observed that these alterations are sustained in the 7 dpf larvae. However, we did not see these general locomotor alterations in the 14 dpf larvae. Moreover, we detected a decrease of distance traveled and an increase of time of locomotion per episode in the first 5 min of behavioral analyses in 14 dpf DA-treated larvae. To test if the alterations in the first 5 min were due to anxiety-like behavior, we used a light/dark preference paradigm. We recorded 5dpf, 7dpf, and 14dpf larvae for 5 min and analyzed time of freezing, preference for light or dark, number of entries to the dark, percentage of time in the light. We observed that 5dpf larvae treated with DA showed more freezing, less passages to the dark, and more time spent in the light as compared to their control counterparts. But 7dpf and 14dpf larvae did not show these alterations. Taken overall, therefore, our results suggest that DA does play a role in the development of zebrafish motor behavior, and, furthermore, that some behaviors are more sensitive than others to the effects of DAergic imbalances during development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Augusto Farias de Alvarenga
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Campos Codo
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Erika Kelmer Sacramento
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniela Valadão Freitas Rosa
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renan Pedra Souza
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Department of Mental Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rezende Souza
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Liang X, Zhao Y, Liu W, Li Z, Souders CL, Martyniuk CJ. Butylated hydroxytoluene induces hyperactivity and alters dopamine-related gene expression in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113624. [PMID: 31780362 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is one of the most frequently used synthetic phenolic antioxidants added to food and consumer products such as plastics as a preservative. Due to its high production volume, BHT has been detected in aquatic environments, raising concerns about sub-lethal toxicity. However, there are limited toxicological data for BHT, especially in fish. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to BHT at concentrations ranging 0.01-100 μM for up to 6 days post fertilization (dpf). Acute toxicity was assessed, and experiments revealed that BHT had a 96 h LC50 value of 57.61 μM. At sub-lethal doses (0.1-60 μM), BHT markedly decreased heart rates of zebrafish embryos at 48 h and 72 h by ∼25-30%. Basal and maximal respiration of zebrafish embryos at 24 hpf were decreased by 59.3% and 41.4% respectively following exposure to 100 μM BHT. Behavior in zebrafish was measured at 6 dpf following exposures to 0.01-10 μM BHT. Locomotor behaviors (e.g. total distance moved and velocity) were significantly increased in larvae at doses higher than 0.1 μM BHT. In addition, dark-avoidance behavior was decreased following exposure to 0.01 μM BHT, while conversely, it was increased in zebrafish exposed to 0.1 μM BHT. To investigate potential underlying mechanisms that could explain behavioral changes, transcripts involved in dopamine signaling were measured. Relative expression of dat mRNA was increased in larval fish from the 0.01 μM BHT treatment, while there were no effects on dat mRNA levels at higher concentrations. The mRNA levels of drd3 were decreased in zebrafish from the 1 μM BHT treatment. Taken together, BHT can affect the expression of the dopamine system, which is hypothesized to be related to the abnormal anxiety-associated behavior of larval zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Wang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Zhitong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Samarut É, Nixon J, Kundap UP, Drapeau P, Ellis LD. Single and Synergistic Effects of Cannabidiol and Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on Zebrafish Models of Neuro-Hyperactivity. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:226. [PMID: 30949046 PMCID: PMC6435997 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the two main active cannabinoids extracted from cannabis: Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on two distinct behavioral models of induced neuro-hyperactivity. We have taken advantage of two previously developed zebrafish models of neuro-hyperactivity: a chemically induced pentylenetetrazole model and a genetic model caused by loss-of-function mutations in the GABA receptor subunit alpha 1 (GABRA1−/−). Both CBD and THC have a significant effect on the behavioral changes induced by both models. Importantly, we have also shown that when applied together at different ratios of THC to CBD (1:1, 1:5, and 1:10), there was a synergistic effect at a ratio of 1:1. This was particularly important for the genetically induced neuro-hyperactivity as it brought the concentrations of THC and CBD required to oppose the induced behavioral changes to levels that had much less of an effect on baseline larval behavior. The results of this study help to validate the ability of THC and CBD to oppose neuro-hyperactivity linked to seizure modalities. Additionally, it appears that individually, each cannabinoid may be more effective against the chemically induced model than against the GABRA1−/− transgenic model. However, when applied together, the concentration of each compound required to oppose the GABRA1−/− light-induced activity was lowered. This is of particular interest since the use of cannabinoids as therapeutics can be dampened by their side-effect profile. Reducing the level of each cannabinoid required may help to prevent off target effects that lead to side effects. Additionally, this study provides a validation of the complimentary nature of the two zebrafish models and sets a platform for future work with cannabinoids, particularly in the context of neuro-hyperactivity disorders such as epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Samarut
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Modelis Inc., Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Nixon
- National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Uday P Kundap
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Drapeau
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lee D Ellis
- National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Li Z, Li W, Zha J, Chen H, Martyniuk CJ, Liang X. Transcriptome analysis reveals benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers regulate networks related to inflammation in juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:112-122. [PMID: 30315675 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) are widely applied ultraviolet absorbing compounds in industrial materials and personal care products. Due to their ubiquitous use and reports of bio-accumulation in aquatic organisms, these compounds are significant environmental pollutants; however, data are limited for BUVSs toxicity. In this study, juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 4 commonly used BUVSs (UV-234, UV-326, UV-329, and UV-P) at one dose of 10 or 100 μg/L for 28 days. To characterize the underlying mechanisms of different BUVSs-induced toxicities, we performed global transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) in the brain (100 μg/L). There were 390, 575, 483, and 470 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected following UV-234, UV-326, UV-329, and UV-P exposure at 100 μg/L, respectively. Only 59 genes were identified as DEGs following exposure to each of the BUVSs, suggesting that these chemicals can induce unique responses in fish. Noteworthy was that there were 81 common gene networks (~10%) identified following exposure to BUVSs, many of which were related to inflammation and immune function. Uniquely regulated pathways affected by different BUVSs included those related to mitochondrial respiration, interleukin 1/brain-damaging signaling, dopaminergic signaling, and adrenergic receptor cascades. Furthermore, quantitative PCR (qPCR) results revealed that mgst1 levels were increased in fish from the 100 μg/L UV-329 treatment, while the expression of pck2 was significantly down-regulated in fish from both the 10 and 100 μg/L UV-P treatment. Transcriptomic data suggest that BUVSs can alter mitochondrial bioenergetics, alter expression of a broad range of genes in the oxidative stress response, and can induce pathways related to the immune system in zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Xuefang Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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21
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Cao F, Souders CL, Li P, Adamovsky O, Pang S, Qiu L, Martyniuk CJ. Developmental toxicity of the fungicide ziram in zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:303-313. [PMID: 30265938 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ziram is a broad spectrum pesticide that belongs to the class of dimethyl-dithiocarbamate (DTC) fungicides. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of ziram in developing zebrafish. Ziram was highly toxic to zebrafish embryos, with a 96-h LC50 value of 1082.54 nM (∼0.33 mg/L). Zebrafish embryos at 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to solvent control (0.1% DMSO), or one dose of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 nM ziram for 96 h. Ziram induced lethality in a dose-dependent manner, decreased hatching rate and heartbeat, and caused wavy deformities at 72 and 96 hpf at 100 and 1000 nM. Basal oxygen consumption rates of zebrafish at 24 hpf were decreased with 1000 nM, suggesting that ziram affects oxidative phosphorylation. We also measured the expression of transcripts associated with the oxidative stress response (sod1 and sod2) and dopamine receptor signaling at ∼96 h of exposure. There was no difference in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, nor those related to the dopamine system. Locomotor activity was also assessed in larval zebrafish (7 dpf), and ziram increased total activity, the velocity in light zone, and total distance moved at 10 nM, while it decreased the mean time spent in the dark zone at 1 and 10 nM. Behavioral responses were dependent upon the time point and clutch examined. These data demonstrate that ziram negatively impacts embryonic development (i.e. mortality, hatching, heartbeat and notochord development) of zebrafish, decreases basal respiration of embryos, and alters behavioral responses in larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ondrej Adamovsky
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sen Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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22
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Naderi M, Ferrari MCO, Chivers DP, Niyogi S. Maternal Exposure to Dietary Selenium Causes Dopaminergic Hyperfunction and Cognitive Impairment in Zebrafish Offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:13574-13583. [PMID: 30335985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to environmental contaminants is a predisposing factor for neurodevelopmental disorders with associated cognitive and social deficits in offspring. In this study, we investigated the effects of maternal exposure to selenium (Se), a contaminant of potential environmental concern in aquatic ecosystems, on cognitive performance and the underlying mechanisms in F1-generation adult zebrafish. Adult female zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations of dietary Se (3.5, 11.1, or 27.4 μg Se/g dry weight) for a period of 60 days. Fish were subsequently bred, and their offspring were collected and raised for 6 months on a normal diet. Maternal exposure to all concentrations of dietary Se induced learning impairment in F1-zebrafish tested in a latent learning task. The results also showed a hyperfunctioning dopaminergic system in fish exhibiting the learning deficit. The hyperfunction of the dopaminergic system was associated with enhanced oxidative stress and alterations in the mRNA abundance of several immediate early and late response genes in the zebrafish brain. Taken together, these results suggest that maternal exposure to dietary Se via alterations in the dopaminergic system leads to persistent neurobehavioral deficits in F1-generation adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Naderi
- Department of Biology , University of Saskatchewan , 112 Science Place , Saskatoon , SK S7N 5E2 , Canada
| | - Maud C O Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences , University of Saskatchewan , 52 Campus Drive , Saskatoon , SK S7N 5B4 , Canada
| | - Douglas P Chivers
- Department of Biology , University of Saskatchewan , 112 Science Place , Saskatoon , SK S7N 5E2 , Canada
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology , University of Saskatchewan , 112 Science Place , Saskatoon , SK S7N 5E2 , Canada
- Toxicology Centre , University of Saskatchewan , 44 Campus Drive , Saskatoon , SK S7N 5B3 , Canada
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23
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Wang XH, Zheng SS, Huang T, Su LM, Zhao YH, Souders CL, Martyniuk CJ. Fluazinam impairs oxidative phosphorylation and induces hyper/hypo-activity in a dose specific manner in zebrafish larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:633-644. [PMID: 30031347 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluazinam is a pyridinamine fungicide that induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in cells, and it has been reported to be neurotoxic. To characterize the biological effects of fluazinam, we assessed mitochondrial bioenergetics, dopamine system expression, and behavior of early life staged zebrafish (0.01 μM-0.5 μM). Fluazinam at environmentally-relevant levels did not induce sub-lethal effects in larvae, but at the LC50 (0.5 μM), fluazinam decreased basal and ATP-linked respiration significantly in embryos. As mitochondria are directly related to redox homeostasis and apoptosis, the expression of genes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis were measured. Superoxide dismutase 2 (sod2), heat stock protein 70 (hsp70), bcl2-associated X protein (bax), and caspase 9 (casp9) mRNA levels were up-regulated by 0.5 μM fluazinam. Taken together, there was evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage at the highest concentration of fluazinam (0.5 μM) tested. As there are reports for fluazinam-induced neurotoxicity in dopamine synthesizing cells, transcriptional targets in the dopamine system were assessed in the zebrafish. Tyrosine hydroxylase 1 (th1) and dopamine receptor 2a (drd2a) mRNA levels were decreased by 0.5 μM fluazinam, suggesting that this fungicide may affect the dopaminergic system. To further assess the potential for fluazinam-mediated neuromodulation, the dark photokinesis response was assessed in larvae following exposure. Larvae exposed to 0.1 μM fluazinam showed hyperactivity, while larvae exposed to 0.2 and 0.3 μM showed hypo-activity. This study demonstrates that fluazinam disrupts mitochondrial bioenergetics in zebrafish, inducing an oxidative stress response, and aberrant behaviors in larvae that are dose dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao H Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Shan S Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Li M Su
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China.
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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24
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de Matos LO, Reis ALDAL, Guerra LTL, Guarnieri LDO, Moraes MA, Aquino NSS, Szawka RE, Pereira GS, Souza BR. l-Dopa treatment during perinatal development leads to different behavioral alterations in female vs. male juvenile Swiss mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 173:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Mezzomo NJ, Fontana BD, Kalueff AV, Barcellos LJ, Rosemberg DB. Understanding taurine CNS activity using alternative zebrafish models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 90:471-485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Fontana BD, Mezzomo NJ, Kalueff AV, Rosemberg DB. The developing utility of zebrafish models of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders: A critical review. Exp Neurol 2018; 299:157-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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27
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Wang XH, Souders CL, Zhao YH, Martyniuk CJ. Paraquat affects mitochondrial bioenergetics, dopamine system expression, and locomotor activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:106-117. [PMID: 29031050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The dipyridyl herbicide paraquat induces oxidative stress in cells and is implicated in adult neurodegenerative diseases. However, less is known about paraquat toxicity in early stages of vertebrate development. To address this gap, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to 1, 10 and 100 μM paraquat for 96 h. Paraquat did not induce significant mortality nor deformity in embryos and larvae, but it did accelerate time to hatch. To evaluate whether mitochondrial respiration was related to earlier hatch times, oxygen consumption rate was measured in whole embryos. Maximal respiration of embryos exposed to 100 μM paraquat for 24 h was reduced by more than 70%, suggesting that paraquat negatively impacts mitochondrial bioenergetics in early development. Based upon this evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction, transcriptional responses of oxidative stress- and apoptosis-related genes were measured. Fish exposed to 1 μM paraquat showed higher expression levels of superoxide dismutase 2, heat shock protein 70, Bcl-2-associated X protein, and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2a compared to control fish. No differences among groups were detected in larvae exposed to 10 and 100 μM paraquat, suggesting a non-monotonic response. We also measured endpoints related to larval behavior and dopaminergic signaling as paraquat is associated with degeneration of dopamine neurons. Locomotor activity was stimulated with 100 μM paraquat and dopamine transporter and dopamine receptor 3 mRNA levels were increased in larvae exposed to 1 μM paraquat, interpreted to be a compensatory response at lower concentrations. This study improves mechanistic understanding into the toxic actions of paraquat on early developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao H Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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28
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Liang X, Souders CL, Zhang J, Martyniuk CJ. Tributyltin induces premature hatching and reduces locomotor activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos/larvae at environmentally relevant levels. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 189:498-506. [PMID: 28961535 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin compound that is the active ingredient of many biocides and antifouling agents. In addition to its well established role as an endocrine disruptor, TBT is also associated with adverse effects on the nervous system and behavior. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT (0.01, 0.1, 1 nM) to determine how low levels affected development and behavior. Fish exposed to 1 nM TBT hatched earlier when compared to controls. Following a 96-h exposure, total swimming distance, velocity, and activity of zebrafish larvae were reduced compared to controls. To identify putative mechanisms for these altered endpoints, we assessed embryo bioenergetics and gene expression. We reasoned that the accelerated hatch time could be related to ATP production and energy, thus embryos were exposed to TBT for 24 and 48-h exposure prior to hatch. There were no differences among groups for endpoints related to bioenergetics (i.e. basal, ATP-dependent, and maximal respiration). To address mechanisms related to changes in behavioral activity, we measured transcripts associated with muscle function (myf6, myoD, and myoG) and dopamine signaling (th, dat, dopamine receptors) as dopamine regulates behavior. No transcript was altered in expression by TBT in larvae, suggesting that other mechanisms exist that may explain changes in higher level endpoints. These results suggest that endpoints related to the whole animal (i.e. timing of hatch and locomotor behavior) are more sensitive to environmentally-relevant concentrations of TBT compared to the molecular and metabolic endpoints examined here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhang
- Henan Open Laboratory of Key Subjects of Environmental and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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29
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Understanding taurine CNS activity using alternative zebrafish models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:525-539. [PMID: 28916270 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Taurine is a highly abundant "amino acid" in the brain. Despite the potential neuroactive role of taurine in vertebrates has long been recognized, the underlying molecular mechanisms related to its pleiotropic effects in the brain remain poorly understood. Due to the genetic tractability, rich behavioral repertoire, neurochemical conservation, and small size, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a powerful candidate for neuropsychopharmacology investigation and in vivo drug screening. Here, we summarize the main physiological roles of taurine in mammals, including neuromodulation, osmoregulation, membrane stabilization, and antioxidant action. In this context, we also highlight how zebrafish models of brain disorders may present interesting approaches to assess molecular mechanisms underlying positive effects of taurine in the brain. Finally, we outline recent advances in zebrafish drug screening that significantly improve neuropsychiatric translational researches and small molecule screens.
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30
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Vargas RA. Effects of GABA, Neural Regulation, and Intrinsic Cardiac Factors on Heart Rate Variability in Zebrafish Larvae. Zebrafish 2017; 14:106-117. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Antonio Vargas
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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31
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Sarty KI, Cowie A, Martyniuk CJ. The legacy pesticide dieldrin acts as a teratogen and alters the expression of dopamine transporter and dopamine receptor 2a in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 194:37-47. [PMID: 28163252 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dieldrin (DLD) is a lipophilic pesticide that shows environmental persistence. The objectives were to determine the effects of DLD on GABAergic and dopaminergic systems in developing zebrafish. Both chorionated and dechorionated embryos (~24h post-hatch) were exposed to a single concentration of DLD (0.347-3470μM) for 48h. Following exposure, a subset of larvae was placed into clean water for 6days (i.e. depuration phase). Chorionated embryos showed <15% mortality while dechorionated embryos showed higher mortality (>30%), suggesting that the chorion protected the embryos. Over a 6day depuration phase, there was a dose dependent effect observed in both the "dechorionated and chorionated embryo" treatments for larval mortality (>60%). At the end of depuration, there was no detectable change in neuro-morphological endpoints that included the ratio of notochord length to body length (%) and the ratio of head area to body area (%). However, DLD did induce cardiac edema, skeletal deformities, and tremors. GABA-related transcripts were not affected in abundance by DLD. Conversely, the relative mRNA levels of dopamine transporter (dat1) and dopamine receptor drd2a mRNA were decreased in dechorionated, but not chorionated, embryos. These data suggest that DLD can alter the expression of transcripts related to dopaminergic signaling. Lastly, GABAA receptor subunits gabrB1 and gabrB2, as well as dopamine receptors drd1 and drd2a, were inherently higher in abundance in dechorionated embryos compared to chorionated embryos. This is an important consideration when incorporating transcriptomics into embryo testing as expression levels can change with removal of the chorion prior to exposure.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Chorion/physiology
- Dieldrin/toxicity
- Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
- Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Embryonic Development/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Insecticides/toxicity
- Larva/drug effects
- Larva/growth & development
- Larva/metabolism
- Osmolar Concentration
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Protein Subunits/genetics
- Protein Subunits/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, GABA-A/genetics
- Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
- Teratogens/toxicity
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/growth & development
- Zebrafish/physiology
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleena I Sarty
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Andrew Cowie
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5, Canada.
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32
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Hall ZJ, De Serrano AR, Rodd FH, Tropepe V. Casting a wider fish net on animal models in neuropsychiatric research. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 55:7-15. [PMID: 24726811 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, are associated with abnormal brain development. In this review, we discuss how studying dimensional components of these disorders, or endophenotypes, in a wider range of animal models will deepen our understanding of how interactions between biological and environmental factors alter the trajectory of neurodevelopment leading to aberrant behavior. In particular, we discuss some of the advantages of incorporating studies of brain and behavior using a range of teleost fish species into current neuropsychiatric research. From the perspective of comparative neurobiology, teleosts share a fundamental pattern of neurodevelopment and functional brain organization with other vertebrates, including humans. These shared features provide a basis for experimentally probing the mechanisms of disease-associated brain abnormalities. Moreover, incorporating information about how behaviors have been shaped by evolution will allow us to better understand the relevance of behavioral variation to determine their physiological underpinnings. We believe that exploiting the conservation in brain development across vertebrate species, and the rich diversity of fish behavior in lab and natural populations will lead to significant new insights and a holistic understanding of the neurobiological systems implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Hall
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Alex R De Serrano
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - F Helen Rodd
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - Vincent Tropepe
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada.
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33
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Vignet C, Le Menach K, Lyphout L, Guionnet T, Frère L, Leguay D, Budzinski H, Cousin X, Bégout ML. Chronic dietary exposure to pyrolytic and petrogenic mixtures of PAHs causes physiological disruption in zebrafish--part II: behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:13818-32. [PMID: 24671398 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2762-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the last 10 years, behavior assessment has been developed as an indicator of neurotoxicity and an integrated indicator of physiological disruption. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) release into the environment has increased in recent decades resulting in high concentrations of these compounds in the sediment of contaminated areas. We evaluated the behavioral consequences of long-term chronic exposure to PAHs, by exposing zebrafish to diets spiked with three PAH fractions at environmentally relevant concentrations. Fish were exposed to these chemicals from their first meal (5 days postfertilization) until they became reproducing adults (at 6 months old). The fractions used were representative of PAHs of pyrolytic (PY) origin and of two oils differing in composition (a heavy fuel oil (HO) and a light crude oil (LO)). Several tests were carried out to evaluate circadian spontaneous swimming activity, responses to a challenge (photomotor response), exploratory tendencies, and anxiety levels. We found that dietary PAH exposure was associated with greater mobility, lower levels of exploratory activity, and higher levels of anxiety, particularly in fish exposed to the HO fraction and, to a lesser extent, the LO fraction. Finally, our results indicate that PAH mixtures of different compositions, representative of situations encountered in the wild, can induce behavioral disruptions resulting in poorer fish performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Vignet
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Place Gaby Coll, BP7, 17137, L'Houmeau, France
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Yu Q, Teixeira CM, Mahadevia D, Huang YY, Balsam D, Mann JJ, Gingrich JA, Ansorge MS. Dopamine and serotonin signaling during two sensitive developmental periods differentially impact adult aggressive and affective behaviors in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:688-98. [PMID: 24589889 PMCID: PMC4311886 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacologic blockade of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) or serotonin transporter (5-HTT) has antidepressant and anxiolytic efficacy in adulthood. Yet, genetically conferred MAOA or 5-HTT hypoactivity is associated with altered aggression and increased anxiety/depression. Here we test the hypothesis that increased monoamine signaling during development causes these paradoxical aggressive and affective phenotypes. We find that pharmacologic MAOA blockade during early postnatal development (P2-P21) but not during peri-adolescence (P22-41) increases anxiety- and depression-like behavior in adult (>P90) mice, mimicking the effect of P2-21 5-HTT inhibition. Moreover, MAOA blockade during peri-adolescence, but not P2-21 or P182-201, increases adult aggressive behavior, and 5-HTT blockade from P22-P41 reduced adult aggression. Blockade of the dopamine transporter, but not the norepinephrine transporter, during P22-41 also increases adult aggressive behavior. Thus, P2-21 is a sensitive period during which 5-HT modulates adult anxiety/depression-like behavior, and P22-41 is a sensitive period during which DA and 5-HT bi-directionally modulate adult aggression. Permanently altered DAergic function as a consequence of increased P22-P41 monoamine signaling might underlie altered aggression. In support of this hypothesis, we find altered aggression correlating positively with locomotor response to amphetamine challenge in adulthood. Proving that altered DA function and aggression are causally linked, we demonstrate that optogenetic activation of VTA DAergic neurons increases aggression. It therefore appears that genetic and pharmacologic factors impacting dopamine and serotonin signaling during sensitive developmental periods can modulate adult monoaminergic function and thereby alter risk for aggressive and emotional dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Yu
- Divisions of Developmental Neuroscienc e, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York,Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York
| | - Cátia M. Teixeira
- Divisions of Developmental Neuroscienc e, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York,Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Darshini Mahadevia
- Divisions of Developmental Neuroscienc e, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York,Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Yung-Yu Huang
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
| | - Daniel Balsam
- Divisions of Developmental Neuroscienc e, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York,Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
| | - Jay A Gingrich
- Divisions of Developmental Neuroscienc e, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York,Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sackler Professor of Clinical Developmental Psychobiology in the Dept. of Psychiatry, Director, Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Columbia University and the NYSPI, 1051 Riverside Drive, room 4911A New York, NY 10032, , 212-543-6083
| | - Mark S. Ansorge
- Divisions of Developmental Neuroscienc e, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York,Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
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Decker AR, McNeill MS, Lambert AM, Overton JD, Chen YC, Lorca RA, Johnson NA, Brockerhoff SE, Mohapatra DP, MacArthur H, Panula P, Masino MA, Runnels LW, Cornell RA. Abnormal differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in zebrafish trpm7 mutant larvae impairs development of the motor pattern. Dev Biol 2013; 386:428-39. [PMID: 24291744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential, melastatin-like 7 (Trpm7) is a combined ion channel and kinase implicated in the differentiation or function of many cell types. Early lethality in mice and frogs depleted of the corresponding gene impedes investigation of the functions of this protein particularly during later stages of development. By contrast, zebrafish trpm7 mutant larvae undergo early morphogenesis normally and thus do not have this limitation. The mutant larvae are characterized by multiple defects including melanocyte cell death, transient paralysis, and an ion imbalance that leads to the development of kidney stones. Here we report a requirement for Trpm7 in differentiation or function of dopaminergic neurons in vivo. First, trpm7 mutant larvae are hypomotile and fail to make a dopamine-dependent developmental transition in swim-bout length. Both of these deficits are partially rescued by the application of levodopa or dopamine. Second, histological analysis reveals that in trpm7 mutants a significant fraction of dopaminergic neurons lack expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis. Third, trpm7 mutants are unusually sensitive to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, an oxidative stressor, and their motility is partially rescued by application of the iron chelator deferoxamine, an anti-oxidant. Finally, in SH-SY5Y cells, which model aspects of human dopaminergic neurons, forced expression of a channel-dead variant of TRPM7 causes cell death. In summary, a forward genetic screen in zebrafish has revealed that both melanocytes and dopaminergic neurons depend on the ion channel Trpm7. The mechanistic underpinning of this dependence requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Decker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Matthew S McNeill
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Aaron M Lambert
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Overton
- UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Neuroscience Center and Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ramón A Lorca
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52245, United States
| | - Nicolas A Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Susan E Brockerhoff
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Durga P Mohapatra
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52245, United States
| | - Heather MacArthur
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States
| | - Pertti Panula
- Neuroscience Center and Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark A Masino
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Loren W Runnels
- UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Robert A Cornell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
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Physical exercise improves learning in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Behav Processes 2013; 100:44-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Witteveen JS, Middelman A, van Hulten JA, Martens GJM, Homberg JR, Kolk SM. Lack of serotonin reuptake during brain development alters rostral raphe-prefrontal network formation. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:143. [PMID: 24109430 PMCID: PMC3790074 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its "classical" neurotransmitter function, serotonin (5-HT) has been found to also act as a neurodevelopmental signal. During development, the 5-HT projection system, besides an external placental source, represents one of the earliest neurotransmitter systems to innervate the brain. One of the targets of the 5-HT projection system, originating in the brainstem raphe nuclei, is the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), an area involved in higher cognitive functions and important in the etiology of many neurodevelopmental disorders. Little is known, however, about the exact role of 5-HT and its signaling molecules in the formation of the raphe-prefrontal network. Using explant essays, we here studied the role of the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT), an important modulator of the 5-HT signal, in rostral raphe-prefrontal network formation. We found that the chemotrophic nature of the interaction between the origin (rostral raphe cluster) and a target (mPFC) of the 5-HT projection system was affected in rats lacking the 5-HTT (5-HTT(-/-)). While 5-HTT deficiency did not affect the dorsal raphe 5-HT-positive outgrowing neurites, the median raphe 5-HT neurites switched from a strong repulsive to an attractive interaction when co-cultured with the mPFC. Furthermore, the fasciculation of the mPFC outgrowing neurites was dependent on the amount of 5-HTT. In the mPFC of 5-HTT(-/-) pups, we observed clear differences in 5-HT innervation and the identity of a class of projection neurons of the mPFC. In the absence of the 5-HTT, the 5-HT innervation in all subareas of the early postnatal mPFC increased dramatically and the number of Satb2-positive callosal projection neurons was decreased. Together, these results suggest a 5-HTT dependency during early development of these brain areas and in the formation of the raphe-prefrontal network. The tremendous complexity of the 5-HT projection system and its role in several neurodevelopmental disorders highlights the need for further research in this largely unexplored area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine S Witteveen
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Ng MC, Yang YL, Lu KT. Behavioral and synaptic circuit features in a zebrafish model of fragile X syndrome. PLoS One 2013; 8:e51456. [PMID: 23536755 PMCID: PMC3594205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most frequent inherited form of human mental retardation. It is characterized by cognitive impairment and physical and behavioral problems and is caused by the silencing of fmr1 transcription and the absence of the fmr1 protein (FMRP). Recently, animal models of FXS have greatly facilitated the investigation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this loss-of-function disorder. The present study was aimed to further characterize the role of FMRP in behavior and synaptic function by using fmr1 knockout zebrafish. In adult zebrafish, we found that fmr1 knockout produces the anxiolytic-like responses of increased exploratory behavior in light/dark and open-field tests and avoidance learning impairment. Furthermore, electrophysiological recordings from telencephalic slice preparations of knockout fish displayed markedly reduced long-term potentiation and enhanced long-term depression compared to wild-type fish; however, basal glutamatergic transmission and presynaptic function at the lateral (Dl) and medial (Dm) division of the dorsal telencephalon synapse remained normal. Taken together, our study not only evaluates the mechanism of FRMP but also suggests that zebrafish have valuable potential as a complementary vertebrate model in studying the molecular pathogenesis of human fragile X syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chong Ng
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Yang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chia-Yi University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YLY); (KTL)
| | - Kwok-Tung Lu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YLY); (KTL)
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Miranda DMD, Mamede M, Souza BRD, Almeida Barros AGD, Magno LA, Alvim-Soares A, Rosa DV, Castro CJD, Malloy-Diniz L, Gomez MV, Marco LAD, Correa H, Romano-Silva MA. Molecular medicine: a path towards a personalized medicine. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2012; 34:82-91. [PMID: 22392394 DOI: 10.1016/s1516-4446(12)70015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are among the most common human illnesses; still, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying their complex pathophysiology remain to be fully elucidated. Over the past 10 years, our group has been investigating the molecular abnormalities in major signaling pathways involved in psychiatric disorders. Recent evidences obtained by the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular (National Institute of Science and Technology - Molecular Medicine, INCT-MM) and others using behavioral analysis of animal models provided valuable insights into the underlying molecular alterations responsible for many complex neuropsychiatric disorders, suggesting that "defects" in critical intracellular signaling pathways have an important role in regulating neurodevelopment, as well as in pathophysiology and treatment efficacy. Resources from the INCT have allowed us to start doing research in the field of molecular imaging. Molecular imaging is a research discipline that visualizes, characterizes, and quantifies the biologic processes taking place at cellular and molecular levels in humans and other living systems through the results of image within the reality of the physiological environment. In order to recognize targets, molecular imaging applies specific instruments (e.g., PET) that enable visualization and quantification in space and in real-time of signals from molecular imaging agents. The objective of molecular medicine is to individualize treatment and improve patient care. Thus, molecular imaging is an additional tool to achieve our ultimate goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Marques de Miranda
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Ellis LD, Soanes KH. A larval zebrafish model of bipolar disorder as a screening platform for neuro-therapeutics. Behav Brain Res 2012; 233:450-7. [PMID: 22677277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Modelling neurological diseases has proven extraordinarily difficult due to the phenotypic complexity of each disorder. The zebrafish has become a useful model system with which to study abnormal neurological and behavioural activity and holds promise as a model of human disease. While most of the disease modelling using zebrafish has made use of adults, larvae hold tremendous promise for the high-throughput screening of potential therapeutics. The further development of larval disease models will strengthen their ability to contribute to the drug screening process. Here we have used zebrafish larvae to model the symptoms of bipolar disorder by treating larvae with sub-convulsive concentrations of the GABA antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). A number of therapeutics that act on different targets, in addition to those that have been used to treat bipolar disorder, were tested against this model to assess its predictive value. Carbamazepine, valproic acid, baclofen and honokiol, were found to oppose various aspects of the PTZ-induced changes in activity. Lidocaine and haloperidol exacerbated the PTZ-induced activity changes and sulpiride had no effect. By comparing the degree of phenotypic rescue with the mechanism of action of each therapeutic we have shown that the low-concentration PTZ model can produce a number of intermediate phenotypes that model symptoms of bipolar disorder, may be useful in modelling other disease states, and will help predict the efficacy of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee David Ellis
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada
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Neckameyer WS, Bhatt P. Neurotrophic actions of dopamine on the development of a serotonergic feeding circuit in Drosophila melanogaster. BMC Neurosci 2012; 13:26. [PMID: 22413901 PMCID: PMC3364880 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-13-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, serotonin functions both as a neurotransmitter to regulate larval feeding, and in the development of the stomatogastric feeding circuit. There is an inverse relationship between neuronal serotonin levels during late embryogenesis and the complexity of the serotonergic fibers projecting from the larval brain to the foregut, which correlate with perturbations in feeding, the functional output of the circuit. Dopamine does not modulate larval feeding, and dopaminergic fibers do not innervate the larval foregut. Since dopamine can function in central nervous system development, separate from its role as a neurotransmitter, the role of neuronal dopamine was assessed on the development, and mature function, of the 5-HT larval feeding circuit. RESULTS Both decreased and increased neuronal dopamine levels in late embryogenesis during development of this circuit result in depressed levels of larval feeding. Perturbations in neuronal dopamine during this developmental period also result in greater branch complexity of the serotonergic fibers innervating the gut, as well as increased size and number of the serotonin-containing vesicles along the neurite length. This neurotrophic action for dopamine is modulated by the D2 dopamine receptor expressed during late embryogenesis in central 5-HT neurons. Animals carrying transgenic RNAi constructs to knock down both dopamine and serotonin synthesis in the central nervous system display normal feeding and fiber architecture. However, disparate levels of neuronal dopamine and serotonin during development of the circuit result in abnormal gut fiber architecture and feeding behavior. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that dopamine can exert a direct trophic influence on the development of a specific neural circuit, and that dopamine and serotonin may interact with each other to generate the neural architecture necessary for normal function of the circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi S Neckameyer
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, Missouri 63104, USA
| | - Parag Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, Missouri 63104, USA
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de Miranda DM, Mamede M, de Souza BR, de Almeida Barros AG, Magno LA, Alvim-Soares A, Rosa DV, de Castro CJ, Malloy-Diniz L, Gomez MV, De Marco LA, Correa H, Romano-Silva MA. Molecular medicine: a path towards a personalized medicine. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462012000100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dopamine D2 receptor activity modulates Akt signaling and alters GABAergic neuron development and motor behavior in zebrafish larvae. J Neurosci 2011; 31:5512-25. [PMID: 21471388 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5548-10.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance in dopamine-mediated neurotransmission is a hallmark physiological feature of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. Recent evidence demonstrates that dopamine D(2) receptors, which are the main target of antipsychotics, modulate the activity of the protein kinase Akt, which is known to be downregulated in the brain of patients with schizophrenia. Akt has an important role in the regulation of cellular processes that are critical for neurodevelopment, including gene transcription, cell proliferation, and neuronal migration. Thus, it is possible that during brain development, altered Akt-dependent dopamine signaling itself may lead to defects in neural circuit formation. Here, we used a zebrafish model to assess the direct impact of altered dopamine signaling on brain development and larval motor behavior. We demonstrate that D(2) receptor activation acutely suppresses Akt activity by decreasing the level of pAkt(Thr308) in the larval zebrafish brain. This D(2)-dependent reduction in Akt activity negatively regulates larval movement and is distinct from a D(1)-dependent pathway with opposing affects on motor behavior. In addition, we show that D(2)-dependent suppression of Akt activity causes a late onset change in GSK3b activity, a known downstream target of Akt signaling. Finally, altered D(2) receptor signaling, or direct inhibition of Akt activity, causes a significant decrease in the size of the GABAergic neuron population throughout most of the brain. Our observations suggest that D(2) receptor signaling suppresses Akt-GSK3b activity, which regulates GABAergic neuron development and motor behavior.
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