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Wang YH, He Q, Wang F, Jiang H, Shi J, Ma J, Liu YG. Simultaneous Determination of Methotrexate Concentrations in Human Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Using Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography: Applications in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma. World J Oncol 2024; 15:825-836. [PMID: 39328338 PMCID: PMC11424109 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we aimed to develop a method for the simultaneous quantification of methotrexate (MTX) samples extracted from human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), using two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC). Furthermore, we intended to verify whether intravenous mannitol could increase MTX concentration in the CSF of patients. Methods The mobile phase of PUMP1 consisted of 10.0 mmol/L ammonium acetate and acetonitrile. PUMP2 solution consisted of an aqueous solution of 10.0 mmol/L ammonium acetate. The mobile phase of PUMP3 comprised 50.0 mmol/L ammonium acetate and acetonitrile, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Results The developed method was successfully employed to simultaneously determine drug levels in plasma and CSF from the patients treated with MTX. CSF samples were obtained by lumbar puncture 0.5 - 2 h after starting the high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) infusion (over 4 h) and immediately before the intrathecal (IT) administration of MTX. Venous blood samples were drawn 4 h after the start of infusion. The calibration curve was linear, with a range of 0.07 - 2.38 µmol/L for CSF samples and a range of 0.11 - 5.51 µmol/L for plasma samples. Precision (> 95%) and accuracy (> 97%) were within the acceptance criteria for each quality control (QC) level. Inter- and intra-day accuracy and precision values met the acceptance criteria for each QC level. The correlation between MTX concentrations in the plasma and CSF was moderate (r = 0.502). No significant difference was observed in MTX concentration in CSF between patients using intravenous mannitol and those not using intravenous mannitol (P = 0.682). Conclusion The developed method was useful for therapeutic drug monitoring of MTX and suitable for assessing the risks and benefits of chemotherapy in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma. Intravenous mannitol did not increase MTX concentration in the CSF of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Lymphology and Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Lymphology and Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Yu Guo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
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2
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Xu L, Yao S, Ding YE, Xie M, Feng D, Sha P, Tan L, Bei F, Yao Y. Designing and optimizing AAV-mediated gene therapy for neurodegenerative diseases: from bench to bedside. J Transl Med 2024; 22:866. [PMID: 39334366 PMCID: PMC11429861 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) have emerged as an attractive tool for gene delivery, and demonstrated tremendous promise in gene therapy and gene editing-therapeutic modalities with potential "one-and-done" treatment benefits compared to conventional drugs. Given their tropisms for the central nervous system (CNS) across various species including humans, rAAVs have been extensively investigated in both pre-clinical and clinical studies targeting neurodegenerative disease. However, major challenges remain in the application of rAAVs for CNS gene therapy, such as suboptimal vector design, low CNS transduction efficiency and specificity, and therapy-induced immunotoxicity. Therefore, continuing efforts are being made to optimize the rAAV vectors from their "core" genetic payloads to their "coat" or capsid structure. In this review, we describe current approaches for rAAV vector design tailored for transgene expression in the CNS, summarize the development of CNS-targeting AAV serotypes, and highlight recent advancements in AAV capsid engineering, aimed at generating a new generation of rAAVs with improved CNS tropism. Additionally, we discuss various administration routes for delivering rAAVs to the CNS and provide an overview of AAV-mediated gene therapies currently under investigation in clinical trials for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yifan Evan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mengxiao Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dingqi Feng
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Pengfei Sha
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lu Tan
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengfeng Bei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yizheng Yao
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Lee JY, Lim MCX, Koh RY, Tsen MT, Chye SM. Blood-based therapies to combat neurodegenerative diseases. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:985-1004. [PMID: 38842660 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration, known as the progressive loss of neurons in terms of their structure and function, is the principal pathophysiological change found in the majority of brain-related disorders. Ageing has been considered the most well-established risk factor in most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is currently no effective treatment or cure for these diseases; the approved therapeutic options to date are only for palliative care. Ageing and neurodegenerative diseases are closely intertwined; reversing the aspects of brain ageing could theoretically mitigate age-related neurodegeneration. Ever since the regenerative properties of young blood on aged tissues came to light, substantial efforts have been focused on identifying and characterizing the circulating factors in the young and old systemic milieu that may attenuate or accentuate brain ageing and neurodegeneration. Later studies discovered the superiority of old plasma dilution in tissue rejuvenation, which is achieved through a molecular reset of the systemic proteome. These findings supported the use of therapeutic blood exchange for the treatment of degenerative diseases in older individuals. The first objective of this article is to explore the rejuvenating properties of blood-based therapies in the ageing brains and their therapeutic effects on AD. Then, we also look into the clinical applications, various limitations, and challenges associated with blood-based therapies for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yee Lee
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mervyn Chen Xi Lim
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min Tze Tsen
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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4
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Karthika V, Badrinathan Sridharan, Nam JW, Kim D, Gyun Lim H. Neuromodulation by nanozymes and ultrasound during Alzheimer's disease management. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:139. [PMID: 38555420 PMCID: PMC10981335 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with complex pathogenesis and effective clinical treatment strategies for this disease remain elusive. Interestingly, nanomedicines are under extensive investigation for AD management. Currently, existing redox molecules show highly bioactive property but suffer from instability and high production costs, limiting clinical application for neurological diseases. Compared with natural enzymes, artificial enzymes show high stability, long-lasting catalytic activity, and versatile enzyme-like properties. Further, the selectivity and performance of artificial enzymes can be modulated for neuroinflammation treatments through external stimuli. In this review, we focus on the latest developments of metal, metal oxide, carbon-based and polymer based nanozymes and their catalytic mechanisms. Recent developments in nanozymes for diagnosing and treating AD are emphasized, especially focusing on their potential to regulate pathogenic factors and target sites. Various applications of nanozymes with different stimuli-responsive features were discussed, particularly focusing on nanozymes for treating oxidative stress-related neurological diseases. Noninvasiveness and focused application to deep body regions makes ultrasound (US) an attractive trigger mechanism for nanomedicine. Since a complete cure for AD remains distant, this review outlines the potential of US responsive nanozymes to develop future therapeutic approaches for this chronic neurodegenerative disease and its emergence in AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Karthika
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Badrinathan Sridharan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Nam
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehun Kim
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Gyun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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Andreeva-Gateva P, Hristov M, Strokova-Stoilova M, Ivanova N, Sabit Z, Surcheva S, Beliakov M, Karakashev G, Sukhov I, Belinskaya D, Shestakova N. Therapeutic potential of orally applied KB-R7943 in streptozotocin-induced neuropathy in rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27367. [PMID: 38524546 PMCID: PMC10958225 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Both peripheral neuropathy and depression can be viewed as neurodegeneration's consequences of diabetes, at least in part coexisting with or resulting from sodium-calcium dysbalance. This study aims to assess the therapeutic potential of the orally applied reverse-mode inhibitor of the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) KB-R7943 in the streptozotocin (STZ) diabetes model in rats. A pilot pharmacokinetic (PK) study with high-performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometric detection revealed higher drug exposure (AUC), lower volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (Cl), and faster decline of the plasma concentration (ƛ) in rats with diabetes vs. controls. Brain and heart accumulation and urinary excretion of the unmetabolized KB-R7943 at least 24 h were also demonstrated in all rats. However, heart and hippocampus KB-R7943 penetration (AUCtissue/AUCplasma) was higher in controls vs. diabetic rats. The development of thermal, mechanical, and chemical-induced allodynia was assessed with the Cold plate test (CPT), Randall-Stiletto (R-S) test, and 0.5% formalin test (FT). Amitriptyline 10 mg/kg, KB-R7943 5 mg/kg, or 10 mg/kg p.o once daily was applied from the 28th to the 49th day. The body weight, coat status, CPT, R-S, and FT were evaluated on days (-5), 0, and 42. On day 41, a forced swim test and 24-h spontaneous physical activities were assessed. The chronic treatment effects were calculated as % of the maximum. A dose-depended amelioration of neuropathic and depression-like effects was demonstrated. The oral application of KB-R7943 for potentially treating neurodegenerative consequences of diabetes merits further studies. The brain, heart, and kidneys are essential contributors to the PKs of this drug, and their safety involvement needs to be further characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Andreeva-Gateva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milen Hristov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Natasha Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of Neurobiology, BAS, Bulgaria
| | - Zafer Sabit
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Slavina Surcheva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mihail Beliakov
- Laboratory of Chemical Analytical Control and Biotesting, Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Georgi Karakashev
- Laboratory of Chemical Analytical Control and Biotesting, Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan Sukhov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria Belinskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Shestakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia
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Morales CS, Grodzinski P. Current landscape of treating different cancers using nanomedicines: Trends and perspectives. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1927. [PMID: 37706362 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The efforts to use novel nanotechnologies in medicine and cancer have been widespread. In order to understand better the focus areas of cancer nanomedicine research to date, we conducted a survey of nanomedicine developmental and clinical research in conjunction with treatment of various cancers. The survey has been performed based on number of publications, rate of citations, entry into clinical trials, and funding rates by the National Cancer Institute. Our survey indicates that breast and brain cancers are the most and one of the least studied by nanotechnology researchers, respectively. Breast cancer nano-therapies seem to also be most likely to achieve clinical translation as the number of publications produced, amount of funding, total citations, and clinical trials (active and completed) are the highest when compared with research in other cancers. Brain cancer, despite its low survival, has capture much less attention of nanomedicine research community as survey indicated, although nanotechnology can offer novel approaches which can address brain cancer challenges. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Salvador Morales
- Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Piotr Grodzinski
- Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Souchet B, Michaïl A, Billoir B, Braudeau J. Biological Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease Based on Amyloid Status: An Illustration of Confirmation Bias in Medical Research? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17544. [PMID: 38139372 PMCID: PMC10744068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) was first characterized by Dr. Alois Alzheimer in 1906 by studying a demented patient and discovering cerebral amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Subsequent research highlighted the roles of Aβ peptides and tau proteins, which are the primary constituents of these lesions, which led to the amyloid cascade hypothesis. Technological advances, such as PET scans using Florbetapir, have made it possible to visualize amyloid plaques in living patients, thus improving AD's risk assessment. The National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association introduced biological diagnostic criteria in 2011, which underlined the amyloid deposits diagnostic value. However, potential confirmation bias may have led researchers to over-rely on amyloid markers independent of AD's symptoms, despite evidence of their limited specificity. This review provides a critical examination of the current research paradigm in AD, including, in particular, the predominant focus on amyloid and tau species in diagnostics. We discuss the potential multifaceted consequences of this approach and propose strategies to mitigate its overemphasis in the development of new biomarkers. Furthermore, our study presents comprehensive guidelines aimed at enhancing the creation of biomarkers for accurately predicting AD dementia onset. These innovations are crucial for refining patient selection processes in clinical trial enrollment and for the optimization of therapeutic strategies. Overcoming confirmation bias is essential to advance the diagnosis and treatment of AD and to move towards precision medicine by incorporating a more nuanced understanding of amyloid biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jérôme Braudeau
- AgenT SAS, 4 Rue Pierre Fontaine, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France; (B.S.); (A.M.); (B.B.)
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Casper J, Schenk SH, Parhizkar E, Detampel P, Dehshahri A, Huwyler J. Polyethylenimine (PEI) in gene therapy: Current status and clinical applications. J Control Release 2023; 362:667-691. [PMID: 37666302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyethlyenimine (PEI) was introduced 1995 as a cationic polymer for nucleic acid delivery. PEI and its derivatives are extensively used in basic research and as reference formulations in the field of polymer-based gene delivery. Despite its widespread use, the number of clinical applications to date is limited. Thus, this review aims to consolidate the past applications of PEI in DNA delivery, elucidate the obstacles that hinder its transition to clinical use, and highlight potential prospects for novel iterations of PEI derivatives. The present review article is divided into three sections. The first section examines the mechanism of action employed by PEI, examining fundamental aspects of cellular delivery including uptake mechanisms, release from endosomes, and transport into the cell nucleus, along with potential strategies for enhancing these delivery phases. Moreover, an in-depth analysis is conducted concerning the mechanism underlying cellular toxicity, accompanied with approaches to overcome this major challenge. The second part is devoted to the in vivo performance of PEI and its application in various therapeutic indications. While systemic administration has proven to be challenging, alternative localized delivery routes hold promise, such as treatment of solid tumors, application as a vaccine, or serving as a therapeutic agent for pulmonary delivery. In the last section, the outcome of completed and ongoing clinical trials is summarized. Finally, an expert opinion is provided on the potential of PEI and its future applications. PEI-based formulations for nucleic acid delivery have a promising potential, it will be an important task for the years to come to introduce innovations that address PEI-associated shortcomings by introducing well-designed PEI formulations in combination with an appropriate route of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Casper
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susanne H Schenk
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elahehnaz Parhizkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pascal Detampel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ali Dehshahri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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Conq J, Joudiou N, Ucakar B, Vanvarenberg K, Préat V, Gallez B. Assessment of Hyperosmolar Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Glioblastoma via Histology with Evans Blue and DCE-MRI. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1957. [PMID: 37509598 PMCID: PMC10377677 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is often compromised in glioblastoma (GB), the perfusion and consequent delivery of drugs are highly heterogeneous. Moreover, the accessibility of drugs is largely impaired in the margins of the tumor and for infiltrating cells at the origin of tumor recurrence. In this work, we evaluate the value of methods to assess hemodynamic changes induced by a hyperosmolar shock in the core and the margins of a tumor in a GB model. METHODS Osmotic shock was induced with an intracarotid infusion of a hypertonic solution of mannitol in mice grafted with U87-MG cells. The distribution of fluorescent dye (Evans blue) within the brain was assessed via histology. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI with an injection of Gadolinium-DOTA as the contrast agent was also used to evaluate the effect on hemodynamic parameters and the diffusion of the contrast agent outside of the tumor area. RESULTS The histological study revealed that the fluorescent dye diffused much more largely outside of the tumor area after osmotic shock than in control tumors. However, the study of tumor hemodynamic parameters via DCE-MRI did not reveal any change in the permeability of the BBB, whatever the studied MRI parameter. CONCLUSIONS The use of hypertonic mannitol infusion seems to be a promising method to increase the delivery of compounds in the margins of GB. Nevertheless, the DCE-MRI analysis method using gadolinium-DOTA as a contrast agent seems of limited value for determining the efficacy of opening the BBB in GB after osmotic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Conq
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin Vanvarenberg
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Préat
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Qiao R, Fu C, Forgham H, Javed I, Huang X, Zhu J, Whittaker AK, Davis TP. Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Brain Imaging and Drug Delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114822. [PMID: 37086918 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders affect as many as 1.5 billion people globally. The limited delivery of most imaging and therapeutic agents into the brain is a major challenge for treatment of CNS disorders. With the advent of nanotechnologies, controlled delivery of drugs with nanoparticles holds great promise in CNS disorders for overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and improving delivery efficacy. In recent years, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) have stood out as a promising theranostic nanoplatform for brain imaging and drug delivery as they possess unique physical properties and biodegradable characteristics. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in MIONP-based platforms as imaging and drug delivery agents for brain diseases. We firstly introduce the methods of synthesis and surface functionalization of MIONPs with emphasis on the inclusion of biocompatible polymers that allow for the addition of tailored physicochemical properties. We then discuss the recent advances in in vivo imaging and drug delivery applications using MIONPs. Finally, we present a perspective on the remaining challenges and possible future directions for MIONP-based brain delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Qiao
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Helen Forgham
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ibrahim Javed
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xumin Huang
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jiayuan Zhu
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Cai Y, Fan K, Lin J, Ma L, Li F. Advances in BBB on Chip and Application for Studying Reversible Opening of Blood-Brain Barrier by Sonoporation. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:112. [PMID: 36677173 PMCID: PMC9861620 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The complex structure of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which blocks nearly all large biomolecules, hinders drug delivery to the brain and drug assessment, thus decelerating drug development. Conventional in vitro models of BBB cannot mimic some crucial features of BBB in vivo including a shear stress environment and the interaction between different types of cells. There is a great demand for a new in vitro platform of BBB that can be used for drug delivery studies. Compared with in vivo models, an in vitro platform has the merits of low cost, shorter test period, and simplicity of operation. Microfluidic technology and microfabrication are good tools in rebuilding the BBB in vitro. During the past decade, great efforts have been made to improve BBB penetration for drug delivery using biochemical or physical stimuli. In particular, compared with other drug delivery strategies, sonoporation is more attractive due to its minimized systemic exposure, high efficiency, controllability, and reversible manner. BBB on chips (BOC) holds great promise when combined with sonoporation. More details and mechanisms such as trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements and dynamic opening of tight junctions can be figured out when using sonoporation stimulating BOC, which will be of great benefit for drug development. Herein, we discuss the recent advances in BOC and sonoporation for BBB disruption with this in vitro platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Cai
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen 518107, China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kexin Fan
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Jiawei Lin
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fenfang Li
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen 518107, China
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Dahis D, Azagury DM, Obeid F, Dion MZ, Cryer AM, Riquelme MA, Dosta P, Abraham AW, Gavish M, Artzi N, Shamay Y, Azhari H. Focused Ultrasound Enhances Brain Delivery of Sorafenib Nanoparticles. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dahis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Dana Meron Azagury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Fadi Obeid
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 31096 Israel
| | - Michelle Z. Dion
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science MIT Cambridge 02139 MA USA
| | - Alexander M. Cryer
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science MIT Cambridge 02139 MA USA
| | - Mariana Alonso Riquelme
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
| | - Pere Dosta
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science MIT Cambridge 02139 MA USA
| | - Ariel William Abraham
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
| | - Moshe Gavish
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 31096 Israel
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA
| | - Yosi Shamay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Haim Azhari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
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Salvador E, Kessler AF, Domröse D, Hörmann J, Schaeffer C, Giniunaite A, Burek M, Tempel-Brami C, Voloshin T, Volodin A, Zeidan A, Giladi M, Ernestus RI, Löhr M, Förster CY, Hagemann C. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) Reversibly Permeabilize the Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro and In Vivo. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1348. [PMID: 36291557 PMCID: PMC9599321 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic substances that could potentially target CNS disorders, an inability of these agents to cross the restrictive blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits their clinical utility. Novel strategies to overcome the BBB are therefore needed to improve drug delivery. We report, for the first time, how Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields), approved for glioblastoma (GBM), affect the BBB's integrity and permeability. Here, we treated murine microvascular cerebellar endothelial cells (cerebEND) with 100-300 kHz TTFields for up to 72 h and analyzed the expression of barrier proteins by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. In vivo, compounds normally unable to cross the BBB were traced in healthy rat brain following TTFields administration at 100 kHz. The effects were analyzed via MRI and immunohistochemical staining of tight-junction proteins. Furthermore, GBM tumor-bearing rats were treated with paclitaxel (PTX), a chemotherapeutic normally restricted by the BBB combined with TTFields at 100 kHz. The tumor volume was reduced with TTFields plus PTX, relative to either treatment alone. In vitro, we demonstrate that TTFields transiently disrupted BBB function at 100 kHz through a Rho kinase-mediated tight junction claudin-5 phosphorylation pathway. Altogether, if translated into clinical use, TTFields could represent a novel CNS drug delivery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellaine Salvador
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Almuth F. Kessler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Domröse
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Hörmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Clara Schaeffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Aiste Giniunaite
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Burek
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ralf-Ingo Ernestus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mario Löhr
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carola Y. Förster
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Hagemann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Zha S, Wong K, All AH. Intranasal Delivery of Functionalized Polymeric Nanomaterials to the Brain. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102610. [PMID: 35166052 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous delivery of nanomaterials containing therapeutic agents and various cargos for treating neurological disorders is often constrained by low delivery efficacy due to difficulties in passing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles (NPs) administered intranasally can move along olfactory and trigeminal nerves so that they do not need to pass through the BBB, allowing non-invasive, direct access to selective neural pathways within the brain. Hence, intranasal (IN) administration of NPs can effectively deliver drugs and genes into targeted regions of the brain, holding potential for efficacious disease treatment in the central nervous system (CNS). In this review, current methods for delivering conjugated NPs to the brain are primarily discussed. Distinctive potential mechanisms of therapeutic nanocomposites delivered via IN pathways to the brain are then discussed. Recent progress in developing functional NPs for applications in multimodal bioimaging, drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutics is also reviewed. This review is then concluded by discussing existing challenges, new directions, and future perspectives in IN delivery of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zha
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
| | - Ka‐Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
| | - Angelo H. All
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
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15
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Cheng G, Liu Y, Ma R, Cheng G, Guan Y, Chen X, Wu Z, Chen T. Anti-Parkinsonian Therapy: Strategies for Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier and Nano-Biological Effects of Nanomaterials. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:105. [PMID: 35426525 PMCID: PMC9012800 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease that shows a high incidence in older individuals, is becoming increasingly prevalent. Unfortunately, there is no clinical cure for PD, and novel anti-PD drugs are therefore urgently required. However, the selective permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a huge challenge in the development of such drugs. Fortunately, through strategies based on the physiological characteristics of the BBB and other modifications, including enhancement of BBB permeability, nanotechnology can offer a solution to this problem and facilitate drug delivery across the BBB. Although nanomaterials are often used as carriers for PD treatment, their biological activity is ignored. Several studies in recent years have shown that nanomaterials can improve PD symptoms via their own nano-bio effects. In this review, we first summarize the physiological features of the BBB and then discuss the design of appropriate brain-targeted delivery nanoplatforms for PD treatment. Subsequently, we highlight the emerging strategies for crossing the BBB and the development of novel nanomaterials with anti-PD nano-biological effects. Finally, we discuss the current challenges in nanomaterial-based PD treatment and the future trends in this field. Our review emphasizes the clinical value of nanotechnology in PD treatment based on recent patents and could guide researchers working in this area in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Guopan Cheng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Guan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Zelek WM, Morgan BP. Targeting complement in neurodegeneration: challenges, risks, and strategies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:615-628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Munoz Pinto MF, Campbell SJ, Simoglou Karali C, Johanssen VA, Bristow C, Cheng VWT, Zarghami N, Larkin JR, Pannell M, Hearn A, Chui C, Brinquis Nunez B, Bokma E, Holgate R, Anthony DC, Sibson NR. Selective blood-brain barrier permeabilization of brain metastases by a type 1 receptor-selective tumor necrosis factor mutein. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:52-63. [PMID: 34297105 PMCID: PMC8730757 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis to the brain is a major challenge with poor prognosis. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a significant impediment to effective treatment, being intact during the early stages of tumor development and heterogeneously permeable at later stages. Intravenous injection of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) selectively induces BBB permeabilization at sites of brain micrometastasis, in a TNF type 1 receptor (TNFR1)-dependent manner. Here, to enable clinical translation, we have developed a TNFR1-selective agonist variant of human TNF that induces BBB permeabilization, while minimizing potential toxicity. METHODS A library of human TNF muteins (mutTNF) was generated and assessed for binding specificity to mouse and human TNFR1/2, endothelial permeabilizing activity in vitro, potential immunogenicity, and circulatory half-life. The permeabilizing ability of the most promising variant was assessed in vivo in a model of brain metastasis. RESULTS The primary mutTNF variant showed similar affinity for human TNFR1 than wild-type human TNF, similar affinity for mouse TNFR1 as wild-type mouse TNF, undetectable binding to human/mouse TNFR2, low potential immunogenicity, and permeabilization of an endothelial monolayer. Circulatory half-life was similar to mouse/human TNF and BBB permeabilization was induced selectively at sites of micrometastases in vivo, with a time window of ≥24 hours and enabling delivery of agents within a therapeutically relevant range (0.5-150 kDa), including the clinically approved therapy, trastuzumab. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a clinically translatable mutTNF that selectively opens the BBB at micrometastatic sites, while leaving the rest of the cerebrovasculature intact. This approach will open a window for brain metastasis treatment that currently does not exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario F Munoz Pinto
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra J Campbell
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christina Simoglou Karali
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Vanessa A Johanssen
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claire Bristow
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vinton W T Cheng
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Niloufar Zarghami
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James R Larkin
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria Pannell
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- OxSonics Ltd., The Magdalen Centre, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Arron Hearn
- Abzena Ltd., Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cherry Chui
- Abzena Ltd., Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Evert Bokma
- Abzena Ltd., Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert Holgate
- Abzena Ltd., Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nicola R Sibson
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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18
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Bazi Alahri M, Arshadizadeh R, Raeisi M, Khatami M, Sadat Sajadi M, Kamal Abdelbasset W, Akhmadeev R, Iravani S. Theranostic applications of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)-based materials in brain disorders: Recent advances and challenges. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Ruiz-López E, Schuhmacher AJ. Transportation of Single-Domain Antibodies through the Blood-Brain Barrier. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081131. [PMID: 34439797 PMCID: PMC8394617 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-domain antibodies derive from the heavy-chain-only antibodies of Camelidae (camel, dromedary, llama, alpaca, vicuñas, and guananos; i.e., nanobodies) and cartilaginous fishes (i.e., VNARs). Their small size, antigen specificity, plasticity, and potential to recognize unique conformational epitopes represent a diagnostic and therapeutic opportunity for many central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. However, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) poses a challenge for their delivery into the brain parenchyma. Nevertheless, numerous neurological diseases and brain pathologies, including cancer, result in BBB leakiness favoring single-domain antibodies uptake into the CNS. Some single-domain antibodies have been reported to naturally cross the BBB. In addition, different strategies and methods to deliver both nanobodies and VNARs into the brain parenchyma can be exploited when the BBB is intact. These include device-based and physicochemical disruption of the BBB, receptor and adsorptive-mediated transcytosis, somatic gene transfer, and the use of carriers/shuttles such as cell-penetrating peptides, liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and nanoparticles. Approaches based on single-domain antibodies are reaching the clinic for other diseases. Several tailoring methods can be followed to favor the transport of nanobodies and VNARs to the CNS, avoiding the limitations imposed by the BBB to fulfill their therapeutic, diagnostic, and theragnostic promises for the benefit of patients suffering from CNS pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ruiz-López
- Molecular Oncology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Alberto J. Schuhmacher
- Molecular Oncology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Fundación Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo (ARAID), 500018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence:
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20
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Man VH, Li MS, Derreumaux P, Wang J, Nguyen PH. Molecular Mechanism of Ultrasound-Induced Structural Defects in Liposomes: A Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7945-7954. [PMID: 34161100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The use of ultrasound in combination with liposomes is a promising approach to improve drug delivery. To achieve an optimal drug release rate, it is important to understand how ultrasound induces pathways on the liposome surface where drugs can be released from the liposome. To this end, we carry out large-scale ultrasound-induced molecular dynamics simulations for three single lipid component liposomes formed from the commonly used phospholipids: 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), or phosphatidylcholine (POPC). The results show that ultrasound induces the detachment of two leaflets of the DOPC surface, suggesting that the drug release pathway may be through the low lipid packing areas on the stretched surface. In contrast, ultrasound induces pore formation on the surface of DPPC and DOPC, where drugs could escape from the liposomes. While the leaflet detachment and transient pore formation are the mechanisms of DOPC and DPPC, respectively, in both liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases, the leaflet detachment mechanism is switched to the transient pore formation mechanism on going from the liquid-ordered phase to the liquid-disordered phase in the POPC liposome. By adding 30% mol cholesterol, the leaflet detachment mechanism is observed in all liposomes. We found that the molecular origin that determines a mechanism is the competition between the intraleaflet and interleaflet interacting energy of lipids. The connection to experimental and theoretical modeling is discussed in some detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet Hoang Man
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- CNRS, Université de Paris, UPR9080, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Paris, France, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Junmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Phuong H Nguyen
- CNRS, Université de Paris, UPR9080, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Paris, France, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
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22
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Li C, Chen L, Wang Y, Wang T, Di D, Zhang H, Zhao H, Shen X, Guo J. Protein Nanoparticle-Related Osmotic Pressure Modifies Nonselective Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Increasing Membrane Fluidity. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1663-1680. [PMID: 33688184 PMCID: PMC7935347 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s291286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracellular tension plays a crucial role in the destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in response to lesion stimuli. Tight junction structure could be primarily affected by tension activity. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of extracellular BBB damage on intracellular tension activity, and elucidate the mechanism underlying the effects of intracellular protein nanoparticle-related osmotic pressure on BBB permeability. METHODS The intracellular tension for tight junction proteins occludin and ZO1 was evaluated using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based tension probes and cpstFRET analysis. The changes in mobility ratios of occludin were evaluated via the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) test. The cytoplasmic osmotic pressure (OP) was measured using Osmometer. The count rate of cytoplasmic nanoparticles was detected by Nanosight NS300. The activation of cofilin and stathmin was examined by Western blot analysis. The BBB permeability in vivo was determined via the changes of Evans Blue (EB) injected into SD rats. The tight junction formation was assessed by the measurement of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). Intracellular calcium or chloride ions were measured using Fluo-4 AM or MQAE dyes. RESULTS BBB lesions were accompanied by changes in occludin/ZO1 tension. Increases in intracellular osmotic pressure were involved in alteration of BBB permeability, possibly through the depolymerization of microfilaments or microtubules and mass production of protein nanoparticles according to the Donnan effect. Recovery of protein nanoparticle-related osmotic pressure could effectively reverse the effects of changes in occludin/ZO1 tension under BBB lesions. Outward tension of intracellular osmotic potential also caused upregulation of membrane fluidity, which promoted nonselective drug influx. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a crucial mechanical mechanism underlying BBB lesions, and protein nanoparticle-related osmotic pressure could be a novel therapeutic target for BBB lesion-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - LinLin Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - YuanYuan Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - TingTing Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Di
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Science and Technology Experimental Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - HuanHuan Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Shen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Science and Technology Experimental Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Ca 2+ homeostasis in brain microvascular endothelial cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 362:55-110. [PMID: 34253298 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood brain barrier (BBB) is formed by the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) lining the wall of brain capillaries. Its integrity is regulated by multiple mechanisms, including up/downregulation of tight junction proteins or adhesion molecules, altered Ca2+ homeostasis, remodeling of cytoskeleton, that are confined at the level of BMVECs. Beside the contribution of BMVECs to BBB permeability changes, other cells, such as pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, leukocytes or neurons, etc. are also exerting direct or indirect modulatory effects on BBB. Alterations in BBB integrity play a key role in multiple brain pathologies, including neurological (e.g. epilepsy) and neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etc.). In this review, the principal Ca2+ signaling pathways in brain microvascular endothelial cells are discussed and their contribution to BBB integrity is emphasized. Improving the knowledge of Ca2+ homeostasis alterations in BMVECa is fundamental to identify new possible drug targets that diminish/prevent BBB permeabilization in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Karmur BS, Philteos J, Abbasian A, Zacharia BE, Lipsman N, Levin V, Grossman S, Mansouri A. Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Neuro-Oncology: Strategies, Failures, and Challenges to Overcome. Front Oncol 2020; 10:563840. [PMID: 33072591 PMCID: PMC7531249 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.563840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a formidable challenge in the development of effective therapeutics in neuro-oncology. This has fueled several decades of efforts to develop strategies for disrupting the BBB, but progress has not been satisfactory. As such, numerous drug- and device-based methods are currently being investigated in humans. Through a focused assessment of completed, active, and pending clinical trials, our first aim in this review is to outline the scientific foundation, successes, and limitations of the BBBD strategies developed to date. Among 35 registered trials relevant to BBBD in neuro-oncology in the ClinicalTrials.gov database, mannitol was the most common drug-based method, followed by RMP-7 and regadenoson. MR-guided focused ultrasound was the most common device-based method, followed by MR-guided laser ablation, ultrasound, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. While most early-phase studies focusing on safety and tolerability have met stated objectives, advanced-phase studies focusing on survival differences and objective tumor response have been limited by heterogeneous populations and tumors, along with a lack of control arms. Based on shared challenges among all methods, our second objective is to discuss strategies for confirmation of BBBD, choice of systemic agent and drug design, alignment of BBBD method with real-world clinical workflow, and consideration of inadvertent toxicity associated with disrupting an evolutionarily-refined barrier. Finally, we conclude with a strategic proposal to approach future studies assessing BBBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brij S Karmur
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Aram Abbasian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brad E Zacharia
- Penn State Health Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Levin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stuart Grossman
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alireza Mansouri
- Penn State Health Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States
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In Silico Studies on Triterpenoid Saponins Permeation through the Blood-Brain Barrier Combined with Postmortem Research on the Brain Tissues of Mice Affected by Astragaloside IV Administration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072534. [PMID: 32260588 PMCID: PMC7177733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the number of central nervous system (CNS) drug candidates is constantly growing, there is a strong need for precise a priori prediction of whether an administered compound is able to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability to cross the BBB of triterpenoid saponins occurring in Astragalus mongholicus roots. The research was carried out using in silico methods combined with postmortem studies on the brain tissues of mice treated with isolated astragaloside IV (AIV). Firstly, to estimate the ability to cross the BBB by the tested saponins, new quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models were established. The reliability and predictability of the model based on the values of the blood–brain barrier penetration descriptor (logBB), the difference between the n-octanol/water and cyclohexane/water logP (ΔlogP), the logarithm of n-octanol/water partition coefficient (logPow), and the excess molar refraction (E) were both confirmed using the applicability domain (AD). The critical leverage value h* was found to be 0.128. The relationships between the standardized residuals and the leverages were investigated here. The application of an in vitro acetylcholinesterase-inhibition test showed that AIV can be recognized as the strongest inhibitor among the tested compounds. Therefore, it was isolated for the postmortem studies on brain tissues and blood using semi-preparative HPLC with the mobile phase composed of water, methanol, and ethyl acetate (1.7:2.1:16.2 v/v/v). The results of the postmortem studies on the brain tissues show a regular dependence of the final concentration of AIV in the analyzed brain samples of animals treated with 12.5 and 25 mg/kg b.w. of AIV (0.00012299 and 0.0002306 mg, respectively, per one brain). Moreover, the AIV logBB value was experimentally determined and found to be equal to 0.49 ± 0.03.
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Abstract
Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) was described over a century ago, there are no effective approaches to its prevention and treatment. Such a slow progress is explained, at least in part, by our incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AD. Here, I champion a hypothesis whereby AD is initiated on a disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) caused by either genetic or non-genetic risk factors. The BBB disruption leads to an autoimmune response against pyramidal neurons located in the allo- and neocortical structures involved in memory formation and storage. The response caused by the adaptive immune system is not strong enough to directly kill neurons but may be sufficient to make them selectively vulnerable to neurofibrillary pathology. This hypothesis is based on the recent data showing that memory formation is associated with epigenetic chromatin modifications and, therefore, may be accompanied by expression of memory-specific proteins recognized by the immune system as "non-self" antigens. The autoimmune hypothesis is testable, and I discuss potential ways for its experimental and clinical verification. If confirmed, this hypothesis can radically change therapeutic approaches to AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri I Arshavsky
- BioCircuits Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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27
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Targeted Transport as a Promising Method of Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System (Review). Pharm Chem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-019-02088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Optimization of osmotic blood-brain barrier opening to enable intravital microscopy studies on drug delivery in mouse cortex. J Control Release 2019; 317:312-321. [PMID: 31751635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intra-arterial (IA) infusion of mannitol induces osmotic blood-brain barrier opening (OBBBO) and that method has been used for decades to improve drug delivery to the brain. However, high variability of outcomes prevented vast clinical adoption. Studies on dynamic multi-scale imaging of OBBBO as well as extravasation of IA injected therapeutic agents are essential to develop strategies assuring precision and reproducibility of drug delivery. Intravital microscopy is increasingly used to capture the dynamics of biological processes at the molecular level in convenient mouse models. However, until now OBBBO has been achieved safely in subcortical structures, which prevented direct insight into the process of extravasation through the skull window. Here, we used our previously developed real-time MRI to adjust the procedure to achieve robust cortical OBBBO. We found that catheter-mediated delivery to the cortex from the ipsilateral carotid artery can be improved by temporarily occluding the contralateral carotid artery. The reproducibility and safety of the method were validated by MRI and histology. This experimental platform was further exploited for studying with intravital microscopy the extravasation of 0.58 kDa rhodamine and 153 kDa anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody (bevacizumab) upon IA injection. Dynamic imaging during IA infusion captured the spatiotemporal dynamic of infiltration for each molecule into the brain parenchyma upon OBBBO. Small-sized rhodamine exhibited faster and higher penetration than the antibody. Histological analysis showed some uptake of the monoclonal antibody after IA delivery, and OBBBO significantly amplified the extent of its uptake. For quantitative assessment of cortical uptake, bevacizumab was radiolabeled with zirconium-89 and infused intraarterially. As expected, OBBBO potentiated brain accumulation, providing 33.90 ± 9.06% of injected dose per gram of brain tissue (%ID/g) in the cortex and 17.09 ± 7.22%ID/g in subcortical structures. In contrast IA infusion with an intact BBB resulted in 3.56 ± 1.06%ID/g and 3.57 ± 0.59%ID/g in the same brain regions, respectively. This study established reproducible cortical OBBBO in mice, which enabled multi-photon microscopy studies on OBBBO and drug targeting. This approach helped demonstrate in a dynamic fashion extravasation of fluorescently-tagged antibodies and their effective delivery into the brain across an osmotically opened BBB.
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Han X, Zhang E, Shi Y, Song B, Du H, Cao Z. Biomaterial-tight junction interaction and potential impacts. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6310-6320. [PMID: 31364678 PMCID: PMC6812605 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01081e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have to cross the natural barriers and get into the blood to impart the pharmacological effects. The tight junctions (TJs) between the epithelial cells serve as the major selectively permeable barriers and control the paracellular transport of the majority of hydrophilic drugs, in particular, peptides and proteins. TJs perfectly balance the targeted transport and the exclusion of other unexpected pathogens under the normal conditions. Many biomaterials have shown the capability to open the TJs and improve the oral bioavailability and targeting efficacy of the APIs. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the biomaterial-TJ interactions. The opening of the TJs further poses the risk of autoimmune diseases and infections. This review article summarizes the most updated literature and presents insights into the TJ structure, the biomaterial-TJ interaction mechanism, the benefits and drawbacks of TJ disruption, and methods for evaluating such interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | - Ershuai Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | - Yuanjie Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | - Boyi Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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Tong S, Moyo B, Lee CM, Leong K, Bao G. Engineered materials for in vivo delivery of genome-editing machinery. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2019; 4:726-737. [PMID: 34094589 PMCID: PMC8174554 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-019-0145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, are promising for treating otherwise incurable genetic diseases. Great progress has been made for ex vivo genome editing; however, major bottlenecks exist in the development of efficient, safe, and targetable in vivo delivery systems, which are needed for the treatment of many diseases. To achieve high efficacy and safety in therapeutic in vivo genome editing, editing activities must be controlled spatially and temporally in the body, which requires novel materials, delivery strategies, and control mechanisms. Thus, there is currently a tremendous opportunity for the biomaterials research community to develop in vivo delivery systems that overcome the problems of low editing efficiency, off-targeting effect, safety, and cell and tissue specificity. In this Review, we summarize delivery approaches and provide perspectives on the challenges and possible solutions, aiming to stimulate further development of engineered materials for in vivo delivery of genome-editing machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tong
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Buhle Moyo
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ciaran M. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kam Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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Hong SJ, Ahn MH, Sangshetti J, Arote RB. Sugar alcohol-based polymeric gene carriers: Synthesis, properties and gene therapy applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:105-115. [PMID: 31326667 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the field of nanomedicine have led to the development of various gene carriers with desirable cellular responses. However, unfavorable stability and physicochemical properties have hindered their applications in vivo. Therefore, multifunctional, smart nanocarriers with unique properties to overcome such drawbacks are needed. Among them, sugar alcohol-based nanoparticle with abundant surface chemistry, numerous hydroxyl groups, acceptable biocompatibility and biodegradable property are considered as the recent additions to the growing list of non-viral vectors. In this review, we present some of the major advances in our laboratory in developing sugar-based polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors to treat various diseases. We also discuss some of the open questions in this field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recently, the development of sugar alcohol-based polymers conjugated with polyethylenimine (PEI) has attracted tremendous interest as gene delivery vectors. First, the natural backbone of polymers with their numerous hydroxyl groups display a wide range of hyperosmotic properties and can thereby enhance the cellular uptake of genetic materials via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Second, conjugation of a PEI backbone with sugar alcohols via Michael addition contributes to buffering capacity and thereby the proton sponge effect. Last, sugar alcohol based gene delivery systems improves therapeutic efficacy both in vitro and in vivo.
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Nowak M, Helgeson ME, Mitragotri S. Delivery of Nanoparticles and Macromolecules across the Blood–Brain Barrier. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Nowak
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University 29 Oxford St. Cambridge MA 02318 USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University 3 Blackfan Circle Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Matthew E. Helgeson
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University 29 Oxford St. Cambridge MA 02318 USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University 3 Blackfan Circle Boston MA 02115 USA
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Hong W, Zhang Z, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zhang D, Liu M. Brain-targeted delivery of PEGylated nano-bacitracin A against Penicillin-sensitive and -resistant Pneumococcal meningitis: formulated with RVG 29 and Pluronic ® P85 unimers. Drug Deliv 2019; 25:1886-1897. [PMID: 30404541 PMCID: PMC6225518 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1486473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumococcal meningitis (PM), caused by Streptococcus pneumonia, remains a high-burden disease in developing countries. Antibiotic therapy has been limited due to the inefficiency of drug transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. In our preliminary study, PEGylated nano-self-assemblies of bacitracin A (PEGylated Nano-BA12K) demonstrated a strong antibacterial potency against S. pneumonia. In this study, the potential application of this micelle for the treatment of both Penicillin-sensitive and -resistant PM was studied. To address BBB-targeting and -crossing issues, PEGylated Nano-BA12K was formulated with a specific brain-targeting peptide (rabies virus glycopeptide-29, RVG29) and a P-glycoprotein inhibitor (Pluronic® P85 unimers) to construct a mixed micellar system (RVG29-Nano-BAP85). RVG29-Nano-BAP85 demonstrated a strong antibacterial potency against 13 clinical isolates of S. pneumonia, even higher than that of Penicillin G, a conventional anti-PM agent. RVG29-Nano-BAP85 had more cellular uptake in brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) and higher BBB-crossing efficiency than single formulated Nano-BAs as shown in an in vitro BBB model. The enhanced BBB-permeability was attributed to the synergetic effect of RVG29 and P85 unimers through receptor-mediated transcytosis, exhaustion of ATP, and reduction in membrane microviscosity. In vivo results further demonstrated that RVG29-Nano-BAP85 was able to accumulate in brain parenchyma as confirmed by in vivo optical imaging. In addition, RVG29-Nano-BAP85 exhibited high therapeutic efficiencies in both Penicillin-sensitive and -resistant PM mouse models with negligible systemic toxicity. Collectively, RVG29-Nano-BAP85 could effectively overcome BBB barriers and suppressed the growth of both drug-sensitive and -resistant S. pneumonia in the brain tissues, which demonstrated its potential for the treatment of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hong
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Lipeng Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Yining Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Dexian Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Mingchun Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang , P.R. China
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34
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Harder BG, Blomquist MR, Wang J, Kim AJ, Woodworth GF, Winkles JA, Loftus JC, Tran NL. Developments in Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrance and Drug Repurposing for Improved Treatment of Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2018; 8:462. [PMID: 30406029 PMCID: PMC6206841 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common, deadly, and difficult-to-treat adult brain tumors. Surgical removal of the tumor, followed by radiotherapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) administration, is the current treatment modality, but this regimen only modestly improves overall patient survival. Invasion of cells into the surrounding healthy brain tissue prevents complete surgical resection and complicates treatment strategies with the goal of preserving neurological function. Despite significant efforts to increase our understanding of GBM, there have been relatively few therapeutic advances since 2005 and even fewer treatments designed to effectively treat recurrent tumors that are resistant to therapy. Thus, while there is a pressing need to move new treatments into the clinic, emerging evidence suggests that key features unique to GBM location and biology, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and intratumoral molecular heterogeneity, respectively, stand as critical unresolved hurdles to effective therapy. Notably, genomic analyses of GBM tissues has led to the identification of numerous gene alterations that govern cell growth, invasion and survival signaling pathways; however, the drugs that show pre-clinical potential against signaling pathways mediated by these gene alterations cannot achieve effective concentrations at the tumor site. As a result, identifying BBB-penetrating drugs and utilizing new and safer methods to enhance drug delivery past the BBB has become an area of intensive research. Repurposing and combining FDA-approved drugs with evidence of penetration into the central nervous system (CNS) has also seen new interest for the treatment of both primary and recurrent GBM. In this review, we discuss emerging methods to strategically enhance drug delivery to GBM and repurpose currently-approved and previously-studied drugs using rational combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan G Harder
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Mylan R Blomquist
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Junwen Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Anthony J Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Graeme F Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joseph C Loftus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Nhan L Tran
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
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Sonodynamic Therapy on Intracranial Glioblastoma Xenografts Using Sinoporphyrin Sodium Delivered by Ultrasound with Microbubbles. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 47:549-562. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-02141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Recent advances in microbial production of mannitol: utilization of low-cost substrates, strain development and regulation strategies. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:41. [PMID: 29480337 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mannitol has been widely used in fine chemicals, pharmaceutical industries, as well as functional foods due to its excellent characteristics, such as antioxidant protecting, regulation of osmotic pressure and non-metabolizable feature. Mannitol can be naturally produced by microorganisms. Compared with chemical manufacturing, microbial production of mannitol provides high yield and convenience in products separation; however the fermentative process has not been widely adopted yet. A major obstacle to microbial production of mannitol under industrial-scale lies in the low economical efficiency, owing to the high cost of fermentation medium, leakage of fructose, low mannitol productivity. In this review, recent advances in improving the economical efficiency of microbial production of mannitol were reviewed, including utilization of low-cost substrates, strain development for high mannitol yield and process regulation strategies for high productivity.
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37
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Dai Y, Meng Q, Mu W, Zhang T. Recent advances in the applications and biotechnological production of mannitol. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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38
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Wang X, Jia Y, Wang P, Liu Q, Zheng H. Current status and future perspectives of sonodynamic therapy in glioma treatment. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 37:592-599. [PMID: 28427672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is one of the most challenging central nervous system diseases to treat, and has high rates of recurrence and mortality. The current therapies include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, although these approaches often failed to control tumor progression or improve patient survival. Sonodynamic therapy is a developing cancer treatment that uses ultrasound combined with a sonosensitizer to synergistically kill tumor cells, and has provided impressive results in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The ultrasound waves can penetrate deep tissues and reversibly open the blood-brain barrier to enhance drug delivery to the brain. Thus, sonodynamic therapy has a promising potential in glioma treatment. In this review, we summarize the studies that have confirmed the pre-clinical efficacy of sonodynamic therapy for glioma treatment, and discuss the future directions for this emerging treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China; Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yali Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China; Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quanhon Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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39
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Qiu Y, Tong S, Zhang L, Sakurai Y, Myers DR, Hong L, Lam WA, Bao G. Magnetic forces enable controlled drug delivery by disrupting endothelial cell-cell junctions. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15594. [PMID: 28593939 PMCID: PMC5472756 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium presents a major transport barrier to drug delivery by only allowing selective extravasation of solutes and small molecules. Therefore, enhancing drug transport across the endothelial barrier has to rely on leaky vessels arising from disease states such as pathological angiogenesis and inflammatory response. Here we show that the permeability of vascular endothelium can be increased using an external magnetic field to temporarily disrupt endothelial adherens junctions through internalized iron oxide nanoparticles, activating the paracellular transport pathway and facilitating the local extravasation of circulating substances. This approach provides a physically controlled drug delivery method harnessing the biology of endothelial adherens junction and opens a new avenue for drug delivery in a broad range of biomedical research and therapeutic applications. The transportation of large molecules through the vascular endothelium presents a major challenge for in vivo drug delivery. Here, the authors demonstrate the potential of using external magnetic fields and magnetic nanoparticles to enhance the local extravasation of circulating large molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Qiu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Sheng Tong
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Yumiko Sakurai
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - David R Myers
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Lin Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Yang ZZ, Gao W, Liu YJ, Pang N, Qi XR. Delivering siRNA and Chemotherapeutic Molecules Across BBB and BTB for Intracranial Glioblastoma Therapy. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1012-1022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-zhen Yang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System,
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System,
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-jie Liu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System,
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Pang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System,
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xian-rong Qi
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System,
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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Simion V, Nadim WD, Benedetti H, Pichon C, Morisset-Lopez S, Baril P. Pharmacomodulation of microRNA Expression in Neurocognitive Diseases: Obstacles and Future Opportunities. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:276-290. [PMID: 27397479 PMCID: PMC5412696 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160630210422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating brain functions and their implications in neurocognitive disorders there are currently significant efforts devoted in the field of miRNA-based therapeutics to correct and/or to treat these brain diseases. The observation that miRNA 29a/b-1 cluster, miRNA 10b and miRNA 7, for instance, are frequently deregulated in the brains of patients with neurocognitive diseases and in animal models of Alzheimer, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases, suggest that correction of miRNA expression using agonist or antagonist miRNA oligonucleotides might be a promising approach to correct or even to cure such diseases. The encouraging results from recent clinical trials allow envisioning that pharmacological approaches based on miRNAs might, in a near future, reach the requirements for successful therapeutic outcomes and will improve the healthcare of patients with brain injuries or disorders. This review will focus on the current strategies used to modulate pharmacological function of miRNA using chemically modified oligonucleotides. We will then review the recent literature on strategies to improve nucleic acid delivery across the blood-brain barrier which remains a severe obstacle to the widespread application of miRNA therapeutics to treat brain diseases. Finally, we provide a state-of-art of current preclinical research performed in animal models for the treatment of neurocognitive disorders using miRNA as therapeutic agents and discuss future developments of miRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorel Simion
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans France, 45071 Orléans Cedex, France
| | - Wissem Deraredj Nadim
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans France, 45071 Orléans Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Benedetti
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans France, 45071 Orléans Cedex, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans France, 45071 Orléans Cedex, France
| | - Severine Morisset-Lopez
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans France, 45071 Orléans Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Baril
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Université d’Orléans France, 45071 Orléans Cedex, France
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Ruan S, Hu C, Tang X, Cun X, Xiao W, Shi K, He Q, Gao H. Increased Gold Nanoparticle Retention in Brain Tumors by in Situ Enzyme-Induced Aggregation. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10086-10098. [PMID: 27934068 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of brain tumors remains a challenge due to the limited accumulation of drugs and nanoparticles. Here, we triggered the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using legumain to enhance the retention of chemotherapeutics in brain tumors. This nanoplatform, AuNPs-A&C, is comprised of Ala-Ala-Asn-Cys-Lys modified AuNPs (AuNPs-AK) and 2-cyano-6-aminobenzothiazole modified AuNPs (AuNPs-CABT). AuNPs-AK could be hydrolyzed to expose the 1,2-thiolamino groups on AuNPs-AK in the presence of legumain, which occurs by a click cycloaddition with the contiguous cyano group on AuNPs-CABT, resulting in formation of AuNPs aggregates. This strategy led to an enhanced retention of the AuNPs in glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo due to the blocking of nanoparticle exocytosis and minimizing nanoparticle backflow to the bloodstream. After conjugation of doxorubicin (DOX) via a pH-sensitive linker to AuNPs-A&C, the efficiency for treating glioma was improved. The median survival time for the DOX-linked AuNPs-A&C increased to 288% in comparison to the saline group. We further show the use of the AuNPs-A&C for optical imaging applications. In conclusion, we provide a strategy to increase nanoparticle tumor accumulation with the potential to improve therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xingli Cun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kairong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
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Tan JKY, Sellers DL, Pham B, Pun SH, Horner PJ. Non-Viral Nucleic Acid Delivery Strategies to the Central Nervous System. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:108. [PMID: 27847462 PMCID: PMC5088201 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increased prevalence and understanding of central nervous system (CNS) injuries and neurological disorders, nucleic acid therapies are gaining promise as a way to regenerate lost neurons or halt disease progression. While more viral vectors have been used clinically as tools for gene delivery, non-viral vectors are gaining interest due to lower safety concerns and the ability to deliver all types of nucleic acids. Nevertheless, there are still a number of barriers to nucleic acid delivery. In this focused review, we explore the in vivo challenges hindering non-viral nucleic acid delivery to the CNS and the strategies and vehicles used to overcome them. Advantages and disadvantages of different routes of administration including: systemic injection, cerebrospinal fluid injection, intraparenchymal injection and peripheral administration are discussed. Non-viral vehicles and treatment strategies that have overcome delivery barriers and demonstrated in vivo gene transfer to the CNS are presented. These approaches can be used as guidelines in developing synthetic gene delivery vectors for CNS applications and will ultimately bring non-viral vectors closer to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- James-Kevin Y Tan
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Drew L Sellers
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Binhan Pham
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Philip J Horner
- Center for Neuroregenerative Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
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Meng Q, Zhang T, Wei W, Mu W, Miao M. Production of Mannitol from a High Concentration of Glucose by Candida parapsilosis SK26.001. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:391-406. [PMID: 27557902 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel strain, SK26.001, which can produce mannitol from a high concentration of glucose without the addition of fructose, was isolated from sugarcane juice. This strain was identified as Candida parapsilosis based on 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis and the morphological and physiological-biochemical characteristics of the strain. Under optimized fermentation conditions, the mannitol concentration in shake flasks reached 68.5 g/L. When batch fermentation was performed, the fed glucose was completely consumed after 72 h, resulting in a final mannitol concentration of 80.3 g/L. Fed-batch fermentation was then performed with glucose feed. During the fed-batch process, ammonia water was added to maintain the pH at 4.0. The mannitol concentration in the fermenter reached 97.1 g/L after 120 h, with a total glucose consumption of 284 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Wenting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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46
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On NH, Yathindranath V, Sun Z, Miller DW. Pathways for Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System. Drug Deliv 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118833322.ch16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Burgess A, Shah K, Hough O, Hynynen K. Focused ultrasound-mediated drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 15:477-91. [PMID: 25936845 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2015.1028369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in blood-brain barrier (BBB) research, it remains a significant hurdle for the pharmaceutical treatment of brain diseases. Focused ultrasound (FUS) is one method to transiently increase permeability of the BBB to promote drug delivery to specific brain regions. An introduction to the BBB and a brief overview of the methods, which can be used to circumvent the BBB to promote drug delivery, is provided. In particular, we discuss the advantages and limitations of FUS technology and the efficacy of FUS-mediated drug delivery in models of disease. MRI for targeting and evaluating FUS treatments, combined with administration of microbubbles, allows for transient, reproducible BBB opening. The integration of a real-time acoustic feedback controller has improved treatment safety. Successful clinical translation of FUS has the potential to transform the treatment of brain disease worldwide without requiring the development of new pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Burgess
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, S665, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
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48
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Greene C, Campbell M. Tight junction modulation of the blood brain barrier: CNS delivery of small molecules. Tissue Barriers 2016; 4:e1138017. [PMID: 27141420 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2015.1138017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood brain barrier (BBB) represents a major obstacle for targeted drug delivery to the brain for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Significant advances in barrier research over the past decade has led to the discovery of an increasing number of structural and regulatory proteins in tight junctions (TJ) and adherens junctions (AJ). These discoveries are providing the framework for the development of novel TJ modulators which can act specifically and temporarily to alter BBB function and regulate paracellular uptake of molecules. TJ modulators that have shown therapeutic potential in preclinical models include claudin-5 and occludin siRNAs, peptides derived from zonula occludens toxin as well as synthetic peptides targeting the extracellular loops of TJs. Adding to the array of modulating agents are novel mechanisms of BBB regulation such as focused ultrasound (FUS). This review will give a succinct overview of BBB biology and TJ modulation in general. Novel insights into BBB regulation in health and disease will also be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Greene
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin ; Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin ; Dublin 2, Ireland
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Kealy J, Campbell M. The Blood-Brain Barrier in Glioblastoma: Pathology and Therapeutic Implications. RESISTANCE TO TARGETED ANTI-CANCER THERAPEUTICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46505-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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50
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Burgess A, Hynynen K. Microbubble-Assisted Ultrasound for Drug Delivery in the Brain and Central Nervous System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 880:293-308. [PMID: 26486344 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22536-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is a serious impediment to the delivery of pharmaceutical treatments for brain diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative and neuropsychatric diseases. Focused ultrasound, when combined with microbubbles, has emerged as an effective method to transiently and locally open the blood-brain barrier to promote drug delivery to the brain. Focused ultrasound has been used to successfully deliver a wide variety of therapeutic agents to pre-clinical disease models. The requirement for clinical translation of focused ultrasound technology is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Burgess
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kullervo Hynynen
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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