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Du Z, Tian T, Gao Y, Guan J, Ju F, Bian S, Wang J, Lin X, Wang B, Liao Z, Du Y, Zhang Z, Zhang H. Investigating the spatiotemporal expression of CBTS genes lead to the discovery of tobacco root as a cembranoid-producing organ. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1341324. [PMID: 38872887 PMCID: PMC11169922 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1341324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco cembranoids, known for their anti-insect and antifungal properties, were shown to be mainly present on the surface of leaves and flowers, being biosynthesized by their trichomes. It remains unclear whether they could be biosynthesized in other organs without trichomes. Cembratrien-ol synthases (CBTSs) catalyze the conversion of GGPP to CBT-ols and thus play an important role in cembranoid biosynthesis. This study identified the CBTS family genes in tobacco and examined their spatiotemporal expression patterns. The CBTS genes showed diverse expression patterns in tobacco organs, with the majority highly expressed in leaves and a few highly expressed in flowers. The expression of CBTS genes were also correlated with the development of tobacco plants, and most of them showed the highest expression level at the budding stage. Furthermore, their expression is mediated by the JA (jasmonate) signaling in all tobacco organs. Several CBTS genes were found to be highly expressed in tobacco roots that have no trichomes, which prompted us to determine the cembranoid production in roots and other organs. GC-MS and UPLC assays revealed that cembranoids were produced in all tobacco organs, which was supported by the bioactivity assay results that almost all these CBTS enzymes could catalyze CBT-ol biosyntheis in yeast, and that the content ratio of CBT-ols and CBT-diols in tobacco roots was different to that in leaves. This work sheds insights into the expression profiles of tobacco CBTS genes and provides a feasibility to engineer tobacco roots for industrial production of cembranoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaifeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yulong Gao
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuzhu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiquan Bian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Bingwu Wang
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhihua Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongmei Du
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Zhang W, Pan X, Fu J, Cheng W, Lin H, Zhang W, Huang Z. Phytochemicals derived from Nicotiana tabacum L. plant contribute to pharmaceutical development. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1372456. [PMID: 38681197 PMCID: PMC11045950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1372456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The Nicotiana tabacum L. plant, a medicinal resource, holds significant potential for benefiting human health, as evidenced by its use in Native American and ancient Chinese cultures. Modern medical and pharmaceutical studies have investigated that the abundant and distinctive function metabolites in tobacco including nicotine, solanesol, cembranoid diterpenes, essential oil, seed oil and other tobacco extracts, avoiding the toxic components of smoke, mainly have the anti-oxidation, anti-lipid production, pro-lipid oxidation, pro-insulin sensitivity, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and antimicrobial activities. They showed potential pharmaceutical value mainly as supplements or substitutes for treating neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, inflammatory diseases including colitis, arthritis, sepsis, multiple sclerosis, and myocarditis, and metabolic syndrome including Obesity and fatty liver. This review comprehensively presents the research status and the molecular mechanisms of tobacco and its metabolites basing on almost all the English and Chinese literature in recent 20 years in the field of medicine and pharmacology. This review serves as a foundation for future research on the medicinal potential of tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Cheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenrui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Yu T, Yang L, Shang X, Bian S. Recovery of Cembratrien-Diols from Waste Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) Flowers by Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction: Optimization, Separation, and In Vitro Bioactivity. Molecules 2024; 29:1563. [PMID: 38611842 PMCID: PMC11013614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are novel solvents with physicochemical properties similar to those of ionic liquids, and they have attracted extensive attention for the extraction of bioactive compounds from different plant materials in the context of green chemistry and sustainable development. In this study, seven DESs with different polarities were explored as green extraction solvents for cembratrien-diols (CBT-diols) from waste tobacco flowers. The best solvent, DES-3 (choline chloride: lactic acid (1:3)), which outperformed conventional solvents (methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate), was selected and further optimized for microwave-assisted DES extraction using the response surface methodology. The maximum yield of CBT-diols (6.23 ± 0.15 mg/g) was achieved using a microwave power of 425 W, microwave time of 32 min, solid/liquid ratio of 20 mg/mL, and microwave temperature of 40 °C. Additionally, the isolated CBT-diols exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antitumor activity in the human liver cancer HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cell lines. This study highlights the feasibility of recovering CBT-diols from tobacco flower waste using DESs and provides opportunities for potential waste management using green technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Xianchao Shang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Shiquan Bian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Xu G, Zheng Q, Wei P, Zhang J, Liu P, Zhang H, Zhai N, Li X, Xu X, Chen Q, Cao P, Zhao J, Zhou H. Metabolic engineering of a 1,8-cineole synthase enhances aphid repellence and increases trichome density in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3342-3353. [PMID: 37132116 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) is a harmful agricultural pest that causes severe crop damage by directly feeding or indirectly vectoring viruses. 1,8-cineole synthase (CINS) is a multiproduct enzyme that synthesizes monoterpenes, with 1,8-cineole dominating the volatile organic compound profile. However, the relationship between aphid preference and CINS remains elusive. RESULTS Here, we present evidence that SoCINS, a protein from garden sage (Salvia officinalis), enhanced aphid repellence and increased trichome density in transgenic tobacco. Our results demonstrated that overexpression of SoCINS (SoCINS-OE) led to the emission of 1,8-cineole at a level of up to 181.5 ng per g fresh leaf. Subcellular localization assay showed that SoCINS localized to chloroplasts. A Y-tube olfactometer assay and free-choice assays revealed that SoCINS-OE plants had a repellent effect on aphids, without incurring developmental or fecundity-related penalties. Intriguingly, the SoCINS-OE plants displayed an altered trichome morphology, showing increases in trichome density and in the relative proportion of glandular trichomes, as well as enlarged glandular cells. We also found that SoCINS-OE plants had significantly higher jasmonic acid (JA) levels than wild-type plants. Furthermore, application of 1,8-cineole elicited increased JA content and trichome density. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that SoCINS-OE plants have a repellent effect on aphids, and suggest an apparent link between 1,8-cineole, JA and trichome density. This study presents a viable and sustainable approach for aphid management by engineering the expression of 1,8-cineole synthase gene in plants, and underscores the potential usefulness of monoterpene synthase for pest control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyun Xu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qingxia Zheng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pan Wei
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Liu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Niu Zhai
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Tobacco Research Center, Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Xiangli Xu
- Tobacco Research Center, Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Qiansi Chen
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peijian Cao
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Huina Zhou
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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Xu K, Du X, Ren X, Li X, Li H, Fu X, Wei X. Structural Modifications and Biological Activities of Natural α- and β-Cembrenediol: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050601. [PMID: 35631427 PMCID: PMC9143853 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most characteristic ingredients of glandular trichome secretions from Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco), natural cembrenediols, namely, (1S,2E,4S,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (α-cembrenediol/α-CBD) and its C-4 epimer (β-cembrenediol/β-CBD), have attracted considerable attention for their potent antitumor, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and other activities. Many researchers are committed to exploring the possibility of utilizing these two cembrenediols and their derivatives both in human medicine and in agricultural fungicides. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to provide a comprehensive summary of the chemical modifications and bioactivities of α- and β-CBD from their discovery to the present day; the review highlights their potential medicinal value for humans. The extensive references from 1962 to 2022 provided herein were systematically gathered from the SciFinder, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. We expect this review to assist in providing practical ideas for future drug development based on α- and β-CBD and in further facilitating the utilization of the tobacco cembrenediols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Xinying Du
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Xia Ren
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - XiuXue Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Xianjun Fu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (X.W.)
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In Vivo Evaluation of the Acute Systemic Toxicity of (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-Cembratriene-4,6-diol (4R) in Sprague Dawley Rats. NUTRACEUTICALS 2022; 2:60-70. [PMID: 35855209 PMCID: PMC9291268 DOI: 10.3390/nutraceuticals2020005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tobacco cembranoid (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (4R) interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which results in neuroprotection against organophosphate toxicity, brain ischemia, and Parkinson’s disease. The present study is a continuation of our previous research in which we applied a single dose of 4R 1 h before or 24 h after exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) (analog of the nerve agent sarin). The 4R dose robustly decreased neuroinflammation and neuronal death at both timepoints. Here, we investigated the toxicity of a single dose of 4R in male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats after a subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of 6, 24, or 98 mg/kg. Body weight was not affected by 4R during the 7-day observation period. No histopathologic changes in the organs were attributed to 4R. Minor hematological and blood composition variations were detected on Day 3 in the mid- and the high-dose males, but these were resolved by Day 8. At the area of the s.c. injection site, alopecia and dry skin were detected in both the 4R-treated males and females and in the female controls.
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Mudhish EA, Siddique AB, Ebrahim HY, Abdelwahed KS, King JA, El Sayed KA. The Tobacco β-Cembrenediol: A Prostate Cancer Recurrence Suppressor Lead and Prospective Scaffold via Modulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Tryptophan Dioxygenase. Nutrients 2022; 14:1505. [PMID: 35406118 PMCID: PMC9003379 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of death in men in the US. PC has a high recurrence rate, and limited therapeutic options are available to prevent disease recurrence. The tryptophan-degrading enzymes 2,3-indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO1) and tryptophan dioxygenase (TDO2) are upregulated in invasive PC. (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (β-CBT) and its C-4 epimer α-CBT are the precursors to key flavor ingredients in tobacco leaves. Nearly 40-60% of β- and α-CBT are purposely degraded during commercial tobacco fermentation. Earlier, β-CBT inhibited invasion, reversed calcitonin-stimulated transepithelial resistance decrease, and induced tighter intercellular barriers in PC-3M cells. This study demonstrates the in vitro β-CBT anti-migratory (wound-healing assay) and anti-clonogenicity (colony-formation assay) activities against five diverse human PC cell lines, including the androgen-independent PC-3, PC-3M, and DU-145, the castration-recurrent CWR-R1ca, and the androgen-dependent CWR-22rv1. Meanwhile, β-CBT potently suppressed in vivo locoregional and distant recurrences after the primary tumor surgical excision of PC-3M-Luc cell tumor engrafted in male nude mice. β-CBT treatments suppressed organ and bone metastasis and lacked any major toxicity over the 60-day study course. β-CBT treatments significantly suppressed IDO1, TDO2, and their final metabolite kynurenine levels in PC-3M cells. β-CBT treatments significantly suppressed the tumor recurrence marker PSA and kynurenine levels in treated animals' plasma. β-CBT emerges as a promising PC recurrence suppressive lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethar A. Mudhish
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Hassan Y. Ebrahim
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Khaldoun S. Abdelwahed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Judy Ann King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
| | - Khalid A. El Sayed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA; (E.A.M.); (A.B.S.); (H.Y.E.); (K.S.A.)
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Exploring the catalytic cascade of cembranoid biosynthesis by combination of genetic engineering and molecular simulations. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1819-1829. [PMID: 32695274 PMCID: PMC7365961 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
While chemical steps involved in bioactive cembranoid biosynthesis have been examined, the corresponding enzymatic mechanisms leading to their formation remain elusive. In the tobacco plant, Nicotiana tabacum, a putative cembratriene-ol synthase (CBTS) initiates the catalytic cascade that lead to the biosynthesis of cembratriene-4,6-diols, which displays antibacterial- and anti-proliferative activities. We report here on structural homology models, functional studies, and mechanistic explorations of this enzyme using a combination of biosynthetic and computational methods. This approach guided us to develop an efficient de novo production of five bioactive non- and monohydroxylated cembranoids. Our homology models in combination with quantum and classical simulations suggested putative principles of the CBTS catalytic cycle, and provided a possible rationale for the formation of premature olefinic side products. Moreover, the functional reconstruction of a N. tabacum-derived class II P450 with a cognate CPR, obtained by transcriptome mining provided for production of bioactive cembratriene-4,6-diols. Our combined findings provide mechanistic insights into cembranoid biosynthesis, and a basis for the sustainable industrial production of highly valuable bioactive cembranoids.
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Zhang H, Ma X, Li W, Niu D, Wang Z, Yan X, Yang X, Yang Y, Cui H. Genome-wide characterization of NtHD-ZIP IV: different roles in abiotic stress response and glandular Trichome induction. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:444. [PMID: 31651252 PMCID: PMC6814048 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant-specific homeodomain-leucine zipper class IV (HD-ZIP IV) gene family has been involved in the regulation of epidermal development. RESULTS Fifteen genes coding for HD-ZIP IV proteins were identified (NtHD-ZIP-IV-1 to NtHD-ZIP-IV-15) based on the genome of N. tabacum. Four major domains (HD, ZIP, SAD and START) were present in these proteins. Tissue expression pattern analysis indicated that NtHD-ZIP-IV-1, - 2, - 3, - 10, and - 12 may be associated with trichome development; NtHD-ZIP-IV-8 was expressed only in cotyledons; NtHD-ZIP-IV-9 only in the leaf and stem epidermis; NtHD-ZIP-IV-11 only in leaves; and NtHD-ZIP-IV-15 only in the root and stem epidermis. We found that jasmonates may induce the generation of glandular trichomes, and that NtHD-ZIP-IV-1, - 2, - 5, and - 7 were response to MeJA treatment. Dynamic expression under abiotic stress and after application of phytohormones indicated that most NtHD-ZIP IV genes were induced by heat, cold, salt and drought. Furthermore, most of these genes were induced by gibberellic acid, 6-benzylaminopurine, and salicylic acid, but were inhibited by abscisic acid. NtHD-ZIP IV genes were sensitive to heat, but insensitive to osmotic stress. CONCLUSION NtHD-ZIP IV genes are implicated in a complex regulatory gene network controlling epidermal development and abiotic stress responses. The present study provides evidence to elucidate the gene functions of NtHD-ZIP IVs during epidermal development and stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Xudong Ma
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Wenjiao Li
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Dexin Niu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yan
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Hong Cui
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
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Draft Genome Sequence of Novosphingobium sp. Strain HII-3, a Bacterium Capable of Degrading the Cembranoid α(β)-2,7,11-Cembratriene-4,6-Diol to Farnesal. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/17/e00136-18. [PMID: 29700133 PMCID: PMC5920185 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00136-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Novosphingobium sp. HII-3, the first bacterium confirmed to degrade the cembranoid α(β)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol to farnesal, was isolated from cured tobacco leaf in Henan, China. Here, we report the annotated draft genome sequence of strain HII-3, which has an estimated size of 4.45 Mb and comprises 4,072 coding sequences.
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Zhang H, Zhang S, Yang Y, Jia H, Cui H. Metabolic Flux Engineering of Cembratrien-ol Production in Both the Glandular Trichome and Leaf Mesophyll in Nicotiana tabacum. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:566-574. [PMID: 29346685 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cembratrien-ol synthase (CBTS) catalyzes the first step in cembranoid biosynthesis, producing cembratrien-ols in plant trichomes. In our previous study, microarray transcriptomes between leaves with trichomes and leaves without trichomes showed that an NtCBTS2 gene was expressed exclusively and abundantly in trichomes. Here, two NtCBTS2 isogenes (NtCBTS2a and NtCBTS2b), derived from a diploid genome donor, Nicotiana sylvestris, were identified from N. tabacum. Both genes were expressed primarily in trichomes, with relatively decreased transcription in flowers and stems, and faint expression in roots, and no expression was detected in leaves lacking trichomes. To demonstrate the feasibility of producing natural product cembratrien-ols in tobacco mesophylls, the mesophylls of 35S:NtCBTS2b transgenic tobacco plants were used in the analysis, suggesting that constitutive expression of NtCBTS2b led to the cembratrien-ol production in mesophylls. Overexpression of NtCBTS2b using either Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S or trichome-specific Cyt P450 oxygenase (CYP) promoters greatly increased aphid resistance by promoting the accumulation of CBT-ols, increased the secretory cell growth in glandular trichomes and increased the levels of various physiological measures, including sugar esters, gibberellins, and cembranoid production. Meanwhile, specifically overexpressing NtCBTS2b in glandular trichomes could most efficiently promote aphid resistance in tobacco plants. Notably, our results indicate the feasibility of utilizing bio-engineering to produce large amounts of CBT-ols, and modify significantly the composition of naturally produced CBT-ols and CBT-diols, thereby promoting aphid resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Songtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongxia Yang
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongfang Jia
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hong Cui
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Hailat MM, Ebrahim HY, Mohyeldin MM, Goda AA, Siddique AB, El Sayed KA. The tobacco cembranoid (1S,2E,4S,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol as a novel angiogenesis inhibitory lead for the control of breast malignancies. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3911-3921. [PMID: 28583806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
(1S,2E,4S,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (1) and its 4-epi-analog (2) are diterpene precursors of the key flavor components in most Nicotiana (tobacco) species that purposely degraded during commercial tobacco fermentation. Angiogenesis, recruitment of new blood vessels, is important for tumor growth, survival and metastasis that can be targeted to control cancer. This study shows evidences and potential of the cembranoid 1 as a potent angiogenesis modulator through targeting VEGFR2. In silico study suggested favorable docking scores and binding affinity of 1 at the ATP binding pocket of VEGFR2. The binding mode of 1 was parallel to the standard FDA-approved antiangiogenic drug sunitinib (4). In vitro, cembranoid 1 significantly reduced the activated VEGFR2 levels in multiple breast cancer cell lines. Intraperitoneal 40mg/kg, 3X/week treatment of 1 significantly reduced the MDA-MB-231 cells breast tumor size in mice. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis of the treated mice tumors showed significant downregulation of the vasculogenesis marker CD31 and suppressed activated VEGFR2-paxillin-FAK pathway. Matrigel study in Swiss albino mice showed similar trend. The tobacco cembranoid 1 is a potential antiangiogenic lead useful for future use to control breast malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Hailat
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Hassan Y Ebrahim
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohamed M Mohyeldin
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Amira A Goda
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Khalid A El Sayed
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
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Yan N, Du Y, Liu X, Zhang H, Liu Y, Shi J, Xue SJ, Zhang Z. Analyses of effects of α-cembratrien-diol on cell morphology and transcriptome of Valsa mali var. mali. Food Chem 2017; 214:110-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Duan CBOTFAOTEAVMS, Du Y, Hou X, Yan N, Dong W, Mao X, Zhang Z. Chemical Basis of the Fungicidal Activity of Tobacco Extracts against Valsa mali. Molecules 2016; 21:E1743. [PMID: 27999348 PMCID: PMC6273253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Under pressure from social criticism and an unclear future, tobacco researchers have begun to seek alternative uses for the product. Here, we present our study on isolating tobacco compounds with fungicidal activity, which could be used as plant-derived pesticides. Using Valsa mali as the target fungus, agar plate tests were conducted to evaluate the fungicidal activity of various tobacco extracts, including tobacco leaves extracts prepared with different solvents, extracts of different tobacco cultivars, and samples from different tobacco organs. Fungal growth morphology was used as the criterion to evaluate the fungicidal activity of tobacco extracts. Correlation analyses between the fungicidal activities and the chemical components of tobacco extracts indicated the major chemical constituents with fungicidal activity. Then, the active compounds were isolated and their effects on the ultra-microstructures of V. mali was analyzed using scanning- and transmission-electron microscopy. The results suggested that tobacco extracts prepared with solvents of weaker polarity had higher fungicidal activity, and the inhibitory activity of tobacco extracts against V. mali was also cultivar dependent. Furthermore, the fungicidal effects of tobacco flower extracts were higher than those of the leaf extracts. Chemical analysis indicated that cembranoids were the main fungicidal substances, which act by destroying the endometrial structure of the fungus. Tobacco cembranoids at 80 μg/mL could completely inhibit the growth of V.mali, with an EC50 value of 13.18 μg/mL. Our study therefore suggests that tobacco leaves and inflorescences are excellent plant resources for the biological control of V. mali.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongmei Du
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Xiaodong Hou
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Ning Yan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Weijie Dong
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xinxin Mao
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhongfeng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Shang H, Li LY, Cheng WH, Luo J, Zhang HW, Zou ZM. Semisynthetic and SAR Studies of Amide Derivatives of Neocrotocembraneic Acid as Potential Antitumor Agents. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111581. [PMID: 27869782 PMCID: PMC6273784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel amide derivatives of cembranoid neocrotocembraneic acid were designed and synthesized. The antiproliferative activities of these derivatives were evaluated against three human tumor cell lines (the human cervical cancer cell line HeLa, chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 and leukemia multidrug-resistant cell line K562/A02). Some of the synthesized compounds exhibited moderate to good activity against all three cancer cell lines. Particularly, compound 8a exhibited more potent antiproliferative activity than the reference drug etoposide against drug-resistant cell line K562/A02, indicating that it possessed a great potential for further development as a multidrug resistance modulator by structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ling-Yu Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wei-Hua Cheng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Hong-Wu Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Le-Huu P, Petrović D, Strodel B, Urlacher VB. One-Pot, Two-Step Hydroxylation of the Macrocyclic Diterpenoid β-Cembrenediol Catalyzed by P450 BM3 Mutants. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priska Le-Huu
- Institute of Biochemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstrasse 1, Bldg. 26.42.U1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Dušan Petrović
- Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6); Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6); Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; 52425 Jülich Germany
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstrasse 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Vlada B. Urlacher
- Institute of Biochemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstrasse 1, Bldg. 26.42.U1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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17
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Le-Huu P, Heidt T, Claasen B, Laschat S, Urlacher VB. Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselective Oxidation of the Monocyclic Diterpenoid β-Cembrenediol by P450 BM3. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/cs5020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priska Le-Huu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Heidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Birgit Claasen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Vlada B. Urlacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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18
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Eltahawy NA, Ibrahim AK, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Hassanean HA, Ahmed SA. Cytotoxic cembranoids from the Red Sea soft coral, Sarcophyton auritum. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Abou El-Ezz RF, Ahmed SA, Radwan MM, Ayoub NA, Afifi MS, Ross SA, Szymanski PT, Fahmy H, Khalifa SI. Bioactive cembranoids from the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Moussaieff A, Yu J, Zhu H, Gattoni-Celli S, Shohami E, Kindy MS. Protective effects of incensole acetate on cerebral ischemic injury. Brain Res 2012; 1443:89-97. [PMID: 22284622 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The resin of Boswellia species is a major anti-inflammatory agent that has been used for centuries to treat various conditions including injuries and inflammatory conditions. Incensole acetate (IA), a major constituent of this resin, has been shown to inhibit NF-κB activation and concomitant inflammation, as well as the neurological deficit following head trauma. Here, we show that IA protects against ischemic neuronal damage and reperfusion injury in mice, attenuating the inflammatory nature of ischemic damage. IA given post-ischemia, reduced infarct volumes and improved neurological activities in the mouse model of ischemic injury in a dose dependent fashion. The protection from damage was accompanied by inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β and TGF-β expression, as well as NF-κB activation following injury. In addition, IA is shown to have a therapeutic window of treatment up to 6h after ischemic injury. Finally, the protective effects of IA were partially mediated by TRPV3 channels as determined by the TRPV3 deficient mice and channel blocker studies. This study suggests that the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of IA may serve as a novel therapeutic treatment for ischemic and reperfusion injury, and as a tool in the ongoing research of mechanisms for neurological damage.
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Hassan HM, Sallam AA, Mohammed R, Hifnawy MS, Youssef DTA, El Sayed KA. Semisynthetic analogues of the marine cembranoid sarcophine as prostate and breast cancer migration inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:4928-34. [PMID: 21775154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sarcophine (1) is a bioactive cembranoid diterpene isolated from the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Previous semisynthesis attempts resulted in decreased or complete loss of 1's anticancer activity. Sarcophine and analogues showed antimigratory activity against breast and prostate cancer cell lines. This encouraged further semisynthestic optimizations to improve its activity and establish a preliminary structure-activity relationship. Eight new and five known semisynthetic analogues were generated. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit growth, proliferation, and migration of the prostate and breast metastatic cancer cell lines PC-3 and MDA-MB-231, respectively. Most analogues exhibited enhanced antimigratory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam M Hassan
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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22
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Evaluation of native and exotic Brazilian plants for anticancer activity. J Nat Med 2010; 64:231-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Boswellia resin has been used as a major anti-inflammatory agent and for the healing of wounds for centuries. Incensole acetate (IA), isolated from this resin, was shown to inhibit the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB, a key transcription factor in the inflammatory response. We now show that IA inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators in an in vitro model system of C6 glioma and human peripheral monocytes. Given the involvement of postinjury inflammation in the pathophysiology and outcome of traumatic brain injury, we examined the effect of IA on the inflammatory process and on the recovery of neurobehavioral and cognitive functions in a mouse model of closed head injury (CHI). In the brains of post-CHI mice, IA reduced glial activation, inhibited the expression of interleukin-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNAs, and induced cell death in macrophages at the area of trauma. A mild hypothermic effect was also noted. Subsequently, IA inhibited hippocampal neurodegeneration and exerted a beneficial effect on functional outcome after CHI, indicated by reduced neurological severity scores and improved cognitive ability in an object recognition test. This study attributes the anti-inflammatory activity of Boswellia resin to IA and related cembranoid diterpenes and suggests that they may serve as novel neuroprotective agents.
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El Sayed KA, Laphookhieo S, Yousaf M, Prestridge JA, Shirode AB, Wali VB, Sylvester PW. Semisynthetic and biotransformation studies of (1S,2E,4S,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:117-22. [PMID: 18177013 DOI: 10.1021/np0704351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco-derived (1 S,2 E,4 S,6 R,7 E,11 E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (1) and (1 S,2 E,4 R,6 R,7 E,11 E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (2) were first shown to display potential antitumor-promoting activity in the mid-1980s. However, very little is currently understood regarding the structural activity relationships of tobacco cembranoids. The aim of this present study was to explore antiproliferative activity of various derivatives of (1 S,2 E,4 S,6 R,7 E,11 E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (1) using semisynthetic and biotransformation approaches. Derivatives of 1 include esterified, oxidized, halogenated, and nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds (3-17). Biotransformation of 1 using Mucor ramannianus ATCC 9628 and Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 7929 afforded the known 10 S,11 S-epoxy analogue of 1 (4) as the main metabolite. Biotransformation of the 6-O-acetyl analogue (3) using the marine symbiotic Bacillus megaterium strain MO31 afforded (1 S,2 E,4 S,6 R,7 E,11 E,10 R)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6,10-triol (18). (1 S,2 E,4 S,6 R,7 E,11 E,13 R)-2,7,11-Cembratriene-4,6,13-triol-6-O-acetate (6), (1 S,2 E,4 S,6 R,7 E,11 E,13 S)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6,13-triol-6-O-acetate (7), the rearranged alpha-ketol (1 S,2 E,4 S,7 Z,11 E)-2,7,11-cembratrien-4-ol-6-one (11), and the secocembranoid 12 showed antiproliferative activity against highly malignant +SA mammary epithelial cells with an IC50 range of 15-30 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A El Sayed
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe 71209, USA.
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