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Wang H, Huang X, Pan Y, Zhang G, Tang S, Shao H, Jiao W. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Dihydrofuro[3,2- b]piperidine Derivatives as Potent α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. Molecules 2024; 29:1179. [PMID: 38474691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of glycoside hydrolases has widespread application in the treatment of diabetes. Based on our previous findings, a series of dihydrofuro[3,2-b]piperidine derivatives was designed and synthesized from D- and L-arabinose. Compounds 32 (IC50 = 0.07 μM) and 28 (IC50 = 0.5 μM) showed significantly stronger inhibitory potency against α-glucosidase than positive control acarbose. The study of the structure-activity relationship of these compounds provides a new clue for the development of new α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhejiang Hongyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linhai 317016, China
| | - Xiaojiang Huang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Senling Tang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huawu Shao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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2
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Searching glycolate oxidase inhibitors based on QSAR, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation approaches. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19969. [PMID: 36402831 PMCID: PMC9675741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PHT1) treatment is mainly focused on inhibiting the enzyme glycolate oxidase, which plays a pivotal role in the production of glyoxylate, which undergoes oxidation to produce oxalate. When the renal secretion capacity exceeds, calcium oxalate forms stones that accumulate in the kidneys. In this respect, detailed QSAR analysis, molecular docking, and dynamics simulations of a series of inhibitors containing glycolic, glyoxylic, and salicylic acid groups have been performed employing different regression machine learning techniques. Three robust models with less than 9 descriptors-based on a tenfold cross (Q2 CV) and external (Q2 EXT) validation-were found i.e., MLR1 (Q2 CV = 0.893, Q2 EXT = 0.897), RF1 (Q2 CV = 0.889, Q2 EXT = 0.907), and IBK1 (Q2 CV = 0.891, Q2 EXT = 0.907). An ensemble model was built by averaging the predicted pIC50 of the three models, obtaining a Q2 EXT = 0.933. Physicochemical properties such as charge, electronegativity, hardness, softness, van der Waals volume, and polarizability were considered as attributes to build the models. To get more insight into the potential biological activity of the compouds studied herein, docking and dynamic analysis were carried out, finding the hydrophobic and polar residues show important interactions with the ligands. A screening of the DrugBank database V.5.1.7 was performed, leading to the proposal of seven commercial drugs within the applicability domain of the models, that can be suggested as possible PHT1 treatment.
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Mondal B, Dutta T, Padhy A, Das S, Sen Gupta S. Lysosome-Targeting Strategy Using Polypeptides and Chimeric Molecules. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5-16. [PMID: 35036673 PMCID: PMC8757330 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are membranous compartments containing hydrolytic enzymes, where cellular degradation of proteins and enzymes among others occurs in a controlled manner. Lysosomal dysfunction results in various pathological situations, such as several lysosomal storage disorders, neurodegeneration, infectious diseases, cancers, and aging. In this review, we have discussed different strategies for synthesizing peptides/chimeric molecules, their lysosome-targeting ability, and their ability to treat several lysosomal associated diseases, including lysosomal storage diseases and cancers. We have also discussed the delivery of cargo molecules into the lysosome using lysosome-targeting ligand-decorated nanocarriers. The introduction of a protein-binding ligand along with a lysosome-targeting ligand to manufacture a chimeric architecture for cell-specific protein (extracellular and membrane protein) degradation ability has been discussed thoroughly. Finally, the future applications of these lysosome-targeting peptides, nanocarriers, and chimeric molecules have been pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudeb Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Tahiti Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Abinash Padhy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sabyasachi Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sayam Sen Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
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4
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Small Molecule-Based Enzyme Inhibitors in the Treatment of Primary Hyperoxalurias. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020074. [PMID: 33513899 PMCID: PMC7912158 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary hyperoxalurias (PHs) are a group of inherited alterations of the hepatic glyoxylate metabolism. PHs classification based on gene mutations parallel a variety of enzymatic defects, and all involve the harmful accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals that produce systemic damage. These geographically widespread rare diseases have a deep impact in the life quality of the patients. Until recently, treatments were limited to palliative measures and kidney/liver transplants in the most severe forms. Efforts made to develop pharmacological treatments succeeded with the biotechnological agent lumasiran, a siRNA product against glycolate oxidase, which has become the first effective therapy to treat PH1. However, small molecule drugs have classically been preferred since they benefit from experience and have better pharmacological properties. The development of small molecule inhibitors designed against key enzymes of glyoxylate metabolism is on the focus of research. Enzyme inhibitors are successful and widely used in several diseases and their pharmacokinetic advantages are well known. In PHs, effective enzymatic targets have been determined and characterized for drug design and interesting inhibitory activities have been achieved both in vitro and in vivo. This review describes the most recent advances towards the development of small molecule enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of PHs, introducing the multi-target approach as a more effective and safe therapeutic option.
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Seker Yilmaz B, Davison J, Jones SA, Baruteau J. Novel therapies for mucopolysaccharidosis type III. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:129-147. [PMID: 32944950 PMCID: PMC8436764 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPS III) or Sanfilippo disease is an orphan inherited lysosomal storage disease and one of the most common MPS subtypes. The classical presentation is an infantile-onset neurodegenerative disease characterised by intellectual regression, behavioural and sleep disturbances, loss of ambulation, and early death. Unlike other MPS, no disease-modifying therapy has yet been approved. Here, we review the numerous approaches of curative therapy developed for MPS III from historical ineffective haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and substrate reduction therapy to the promising ongoing clinical trials based on enzyme replacement therapy or adeno-associated or lentiviral vectors mediated gene therapy. Preclinical studies are presented alongside the most recent translational first-in-man trials. In addition, we present experimental research with preclinical mRNA and gene editing strategies. Lessons from animal studies and clinical trials have highlighted the importance of an early therapy before extensive neuronal loss. A disease-modifying therapy for MPS III will undoubtedly mandate development of new strategies for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Seker Yilmaz
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Paediatric Metabolic MedicineMersin UniversityMersinTurkey
| | - James Davison
- Metabolic Medicine DepartmentGreat Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Simon A. Jones
- Metabolic MedicineManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Metabolic Medicine DepartmentGreat Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research CentreLondonUK
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6
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Moya-Garzón MD, Martín Higueras C, Peñalver P, Romera M, Fernandes MX, Franco-Montalbán F, Gómez-Vidal JA, Salido E, Díaz-Gavilán M. Salicylic Acid Derivatives Inhibit Oxalate Production in Mouse Hepatocytes with Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7144-7167. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Moya-Garzón
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Martín Higueras
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad La Laguna & Center for Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuela Romera
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel X. Fernandes
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad La Laguna & Center for Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco Franco-Montalbán
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José A. Gómez-Vidal
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Eduardo Salido
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad La Laguna & Center for Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Mónica Díaz-Gavilán
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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7
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Martin-Higueras C, Torres A, Salido E. Molecular therapy of primary hyperoxaluria. J Inherit Metab Dis 2017; 40:481-489. [PMID: 28425073 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During the last few decades, the molecular understanding of the mechanisms involved in primary hyperoxalurias (PHs) has set the stage for novel therapeutic approaches. The availability of PH mouse models has facilitated preclinical studies testing innovative treatments. PHs are autosomal recessive diseases where the enzymatic deficit plays a central pathogenic role. Thus, molecular therapies aimed at restoring such deficit or limiting the consequences of the metabolic derangement could be envisioned, keeping in mind the specific challenges posed by the cell-autonomous nature of the deficiency. Various molecular approaches like enzyme replacement, substrate reduction, pharmacologic chaperones, and gene and cell therapies have been explored in cells and mouse models of disease. Some of these proof-of-concept studies have paved the way to current clinical trials on PH type 1, raising hopes that much needed treatments will become available for this severe inborn error of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martin-Higueras
- Department of Pathology & Nephrology, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Hospital Universitario Canarias, Universidad La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Armando Torres
- Department of Pathology & Nephrology, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Hospital Universitario Canarias, Universidad La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Eduardo Salido
- Department of Pathology & Nephrology, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Hospital Universitario Canarias, Universidad La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Department of Pathology, ULL School Medicine, 38320, Tenerife, Spain.
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8
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Aguisanda F, Thorne N, Zheng W. Targeting Wolman Disease and Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease: Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Development. Curr Chem Genom Transl Med 2017; 11:1-18. [PMID: 28401034 PMCID: PMC5362971 DOI: 10.2174/2213988501711010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolman disease (WD) and cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) are lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) caused by a deficiency in lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) due to mutations in the LIPA gene. This enzyme is critical to the proper degradation of cholesterol in the lysosome. LAL function is completely lost in WD while some residual activity remains in CESD. Both are rare diseases with an incidence rate of less than 1/100,000 births for WD and approximate 2.5/100,000 births for CESD. Clinical manifestation of WD includes hepatosplenomegaly, calcified adrenal glands, severe malabsorption and a failure to thrive. As in CESD, histological analysis of WD tissues reveals the accumulation of triglycerides (TGs) and esterified cholesterol (EC) in cellular lysosomes. However, the clinical presentation of CESD is less severe and more variable than WD. This review is to provide an overview of the disease pathophysiology and the current state of therapeutic development for both of WD and CESD. The review will also discuss the application of patient derived iPSCs for further drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Aguisanda
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Natasha Thorne
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
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9
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Glycolate Oxidase Is a Safe and Efficient Target for Substrate Reduction Therapy in a Mouse Model of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I. Mol Ther 2015; 24:719-25. [PMID: 26689264 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is caused by deficient alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, the human peroxisomal enzyme that detoxifies glyoxylate. Glycolate is one of the best-known substrates leading to glyoxylate production, via peroxisomal glycolate oxidase (GO). Using genetically modified mice, we herein report GO as a safe and efficient target for substrate reduction therapy (SRT) in PH1. We first generated a GO-deficient mouse (Hao1(-/-)) that presented high urine glycolate levels but no additional phenotype. Next, we produced double KO mice (Agxt1(-/-) Hao1(-/-)) that showed low levels of oxalate excretion compared with hyperoxaluric mice model (Agxt1(-/-)). Previous studies have identified some GO inhibitors, such as 4-carboxy-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazole (CCPST). We herein report that CCPST inhibits GO in Agxt1(-/-) hepatocytes and significantly reduces their oxalate production, starting at 25 µM. We also tested the ability of orally administered CCPST to reduce oxalate excretion in Agxt1(-/-) mice, showing that 30-50% reduction in urine oxalate can be achieved. In summary, we present proof-of-concept evidence for SRT in PH1. These encouraging results should be followed by a medicinal chemistry programme that might yield more potent GO inhibitors and eventually could result in a pharmacological treatment for this rare and severe inborn error of metabolism.
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10
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Muro S. Strategies for delivery of therapeutics into the central nervous system for treatment of lysosomal storage disorders. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 2:169-86. [PMID: 24688886 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-012-0072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of about fifty life-threatening conditions caused by genetic defects affecting lysosomal components. The underscoring molecular deficiency leads to widespread cellular dysfunction through most tissues in the body, including peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS). Efforts during the last few decades have rendered a remarkable advance regarding our knowledge, medical awareness, and early detection of these genetic defects, as well as development of several treatment modalities. Clinical and experimental strategies encompassing enzyme replacement, gene and cell therapies, substrate reduction, and chemical chaperones are showing considerable potential in attenuating the peripheral pathology. However, a major drawback has been encountered regarding the suboptimal impact of these approaches on the CNS pathology. Particular anatomical and biochemical constraints of this tissue pose a major obstacle to the delivery of therapeutics into the CNS. Approaches to overcome these obstacles include modalities of local administration, strategies to enhance the blood-CNS permeability, intranasal delivery, use of exosomes, and those exploiting targeting of transporters and transcytosis pathways in the endothelial lining. The later two approaches are being pursued at the time by coupling therapeutic agents to affinity moieties and drug delivery systems capable of targeting these natural transport routes. This approach is particularly promising, as using paths naturally active at this interface may render safe and effective delivery of LSD therapies into the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA ; Fischell Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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11
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Smid BE, Hollak CEM. A systematic review on effectiveness and safety of eliglustat for type 1 Gaucher disease. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2014. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2014.899148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Rodríguez-Lavado J, de la Mata M, Jiménez-Blanco JL, García-Moreno MI, Benito JM, Díaz-Quintana A, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Higaki K, Nanba E, Ohno K, Suzuki Y, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM. Targeted delivery of pharmacological chaperones for Gaucher disease to macrophages by a mannosylated cyclodextrin carrier. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2289-301. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42530d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Efficient delivery of pharmacological chaperones for Gaucher disease to macrophages has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario de la Mata
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD)
- CSIC – Universidad Pablo de Olavide
- 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan M. Benito
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)
- CSIC – Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Díaz-Quintana
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis (IBVF)
- CSIC – Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José A. Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD)
- CSIC – Universidad Pablo de Olavide
- 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Division of Functional Genomics
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Tottori University
- Yonago, Japan
| | - Eiji Nanba
- Division of Functional Genomics
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Tottori University
- Yonago, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohno
- Division of Child Neurology
- Institute of Neurological Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- Tottori University
- Yonago, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
- Tokyo 156-0057, Japan
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Dept. Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Sevilla
- 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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Joosten A, Decroocq C, de Sousa J, Schneider JP, Etamé E, Bodlenner A, Butters TD, Compain P. A Systematic Investigation of Iminosugar Click Clusters as Pharmacological Chaperones for the Treatment of Gaucher Disease. Chembiochem 2013; 15:309-19. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Xu M, Liu K, Swaroop M, Sun W, Dehdashti SJ, McKew JC, Zheng W. A phenotypic compound screening assay for lysosomal storage diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 19:168-75. [PMID: 23983233 DOI: 10.1177/1087057113501197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The lysosome is a vital cellular organelle that primarily functions as a recycling center for breaking down unwanted macromolecules through a series of hydrolases. Functional deficiencies in lysosomal proteins due to genetic mutations have been found in more than 50 lysosomal storage diseases that exhibit characteristic lipid/macromolecule accumulation and enlarged lysosomes. Recently, the lysosome has emerged as a new therapeutic target for drug development for the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases. However, a suitable assay for compound screening against the diseased lysosomes is currently unavailable. We have developed a Lysotracker staining assay that measures the enlarged lysosomes in patient-derived cells using both fluorescence intensity readout and fluorescence microscopic measurement. This phenotypic assay has been tested in patient cells obtained from several lysosomal storage diseases and validated using a known compound, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, in primary fibroblast cells derived from Niemann Pick C disease patients. The results demonstrate that the Lysotracker assay can be used in compound screening for the identification of lead compounds that are capable of reducing enlarged lysosomes for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xu
- 1Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Disease, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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López Marín L, Gutiérrez-Solana LG. Tratamiento de las enfermedades lisosomales en la población pediátrica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1696-2818(13)70132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Alfonso P, Andreu V, Pino-Angeles A, Moya-García AA, García-Moreno MI, Rodríguez-Rey JC, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Pocoví M, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM, Giraldo P. Bicyclic derivatives of L-idonojirimycin as pharmacological chaperones for neuronopathic forms of Gaucher disease. Chembiochem 2013; 14:943-9. [PMID: 23606264 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
New human β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) ligands with rigid 1,6-anhydro-β-L-idonojirimycin cores have been designed with the aid of molecular modeling. Efficient pharmacological chaperones for the L444P (trafficking-incompetent) mutant GCase enzyme associated with type 2 and 3 Gaucher disease (GD) were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Alfonso
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Alvaro de Bazán 10 bajo, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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17
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Kooij R, Branderhorst HM, Bonte S, Wieclawska S, Martin NI, Pieters RJ. Glycosidase inhibition by novel guanidinium and urea iminosugar derivatives. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20343j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of more than 50 genetic disorders. Clinical symptoms are caused by the deficiency of specific enzyme (enzymes) function and resultant substrate accumulation in the lysosomes, which leads to impaired cellular function and progressive tissue and organ dysfunction. Measurement of lysosomal enzyme activity plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis of LSDs. The major enzymatic testing methods include fluorometric assays using artificial 4-methylumbelliferyl (4-MU) substrates, spectrophotometric assays and radioactive assays with radiolabeled natural substrates. As many effective treatment options have become available, presymptomatic diagnosis and early intervention are imperative. Many methods were developed in the past decade for newborn screening (NBS) of selective LSDs in dried blood spot (DBS) specimens. Modified fluorometric assays with 4-MU substrates, MS/MS or LC-MS/MS multiplex enzyme assays, digital microfluidic fluorometric assays, and immune-quantification assays for enzyme contents have been reported in NBS of LSDs, each with its own advantages and limitations. Active technical validation studies and pilot screening studies have been conducted or are ongoing. These studies have provided insight in the efficacy of various methodologies. In this review, technical aspects of the enzyme assays used in clinical diagnosis and NBS are summarized. The important findings from pilot NBS studies are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Yu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Qin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Hui Zhou
- Newborn Screening and Molecular Biology Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341
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Gavrin LK, Denny RA, Saiah E. Small Molecules That Target Protein Misfolding. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10823-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301182j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Krim Gavrin
- BioTherapeutics
Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, 200 CambridgePark Drive, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Rajiah Aldrin Denny
- BioTherapeutics
Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, 200 CambridgePark Drive, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Eddine Saiah
- BioTherapeutics
Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, 200 CambridgePark Drive, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02140, United States
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20
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Xiao J, Westbroek W, Motabar O, Lea WA, Hu X, Velayati A, Zheng W, Southall N, Gustafson AM, Goldin E, Sidransky E, Liu K, Simeonov A, Tamargo RJ, Ribes A, Matalonga L, Ferrer M, Marugan JJ. Discovery of a novel noniminosugar acid α glucosidase chaperone series. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7546-59. [PMID: 22834902 PMCID: PMC3448374 DOI: 10.1021/jm3005543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid α-glucosidase (GAA). Many disease-causing mutated GAA retain enzymatic activity but are not translocated from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to lysosomes. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is the only treatment for Pompe disease but remains expensive, inconvenient, and does not reverse all disease manifestations. It was postulated that small molecules which aid in protein folding and translocation to lysosomes could provide an alternate to ERT. Previously, several iminosugars have been proposed as small-molecule chaperones for specific LSDs. Here we identified a novel series of noniminosugar chaperones for GAA. These moderate GAA inhibitors are shown to bind and thermostabilize GAA and increase GAA translocation to lysosomes in both wild-type and Pompe fibroblasts. AMDE and physical properties studies indicate that this series is a promising lead for further pharmacokinetic evaluation and testing in Pompe disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Xiao
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Wendy Westbroek
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 35 Rm1A213, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Omid Motabar
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Wendy A. Lea
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Xin Hu
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Arash Velayati
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 35 Rm1A213, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Wei Zheng
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Noel Southall
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Ann Marie Gustafson
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 35 Rm1A213, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ehud Goldin
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 35 Rm1A213, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 35 Rm1A213, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ke Liu
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Anton Simeonov
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Rafael J. Tamargo
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 35 Rm1A213, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Antonia Ribes
- Enfermedades Metabólicas Hereditarias, Institut de Bioquímica Clínica, Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leslie Matalonga
- Enfermedades Metabólicas Hereditarias, Institut de Bioquímica Clínica, Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Ferrer
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Juan J. Marugan
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, NIH Center for Translational Therapeutics, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850
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21
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Castilla J, Rísquez R, Cruz D, Higaki K, Nanba E, Ohno K, Suzuki Y, Díaz Y, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM, Castillón S. Conformationally-locked N-glycosides with selective β-glucosidase inhibitory activity: identification of a new non-iminosugar-type pharmacological chaperone for Gaucher disease. J Med Chem 2012; 55:6857-65. [PMID: 22762530 DOI: 10.1021/jm3006178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of conformationally locked N-glycosides having a cis-1,2-fused pyranose-1,3-oxazoline-2-thione structure and bearing different substituents at the exocyclic sulfur has been prepared. The polyhydroxylated bicyclic system was built in only three steps by treatment of the corresponding readily available 1,2-anhydrosugar with KSCN using TiO(TFA)(2) as catalyst, followed by S-alkylation and acetyl deprotection. In vitro screening against several glycosidase enzymes showed highly specific inhibition of mammalian β-glucosidase with a marked dependence of the potency upon the nature of the exocyclic substituent. The most potent representative, bearing an S-(ω-hydroxyhexadecyl) substituent, was further assayed as inhibitor of the human lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase and as pharmacological chaperone in Gaucher disease fibroblasts. Activity enhancements in N370S/N370S mutants analogous to those achieved with the reference compound ambroxol were attained with a more favorable chaperone/inhibitor balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Castilla
- Department de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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22
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Nietupski JB, Pacheco JJ, Chuang WL, Maratea K, Li L, Foley J, Ashe KM, Cooper CGF, Aerts JMFG, Copeland DP, Scheule RK, Cheng SH, Marshall J. Iminosugar-based inhibitors of glucosylceramide synthase prolong survival but paradoxically increase brain glucosylceramide levels in Niemann-Pick C mice. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 105:621-8. [PMID: 22366055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Niemann Pick type C (NPC) disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in NPC1 or NPC2, the gene products of which are involved in cholesterol transport in late endosomes. NPC is characterized by an accumulation of cholesterol, sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids in the visceral organs, primarily the liver and spleen. In the brain, there is a redistribution of unesterified cholesterol and a concomitant accumulation of glycosphingolipids. It has been suggested that reducing the aberrant lysosomal storage of glycosphingolipids in the brain by a substrate reduction therapy (SRT) approach may prove beneficial. Inhibiting glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) using the iminosugar-based inhibitor miglustat (NB-DNJ) has been reported to increase the survival of NPC mice. Here, we tested the effects of Genz-529468, a more potent iminosugar-based inhibitor of GCS, in the NPC mouse. Oral administration of Genz-529468 or NB-DNJ to NPC mice improved their motor function, reduced CNS inflammation, and increased their longevity. However, Genz-529468 offered a wider therapeutic window and better therapeutic index than NB-DNJ. Analysis of the glycolipids in the CNS of the iminosugar-treated NPC mouse revealed that the glucosylceramide (GL1) but not the ganglioside levels were highly elevated. This increase in GL1 was likely caused by the off-target inhibition of the murine non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase, Gba2. Hence, the basis for the observed effects of these inhibitors in NPC mice might be related to their inhibition of Gba2 or another unintended target rather than a result of substrate reduction.
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23
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Aguilar-Moncayo M, Takai T, Higaki K, Mena-Barragán T, Hirano Y, Yura K, Li L, Yu Y, Ninomiya H, García-Moreno MI, Ishii S, Sakakibara Y, Ohno K, Nanba E, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM, Suzuki Y. Tuning glycosidase inhibition through aglycone interactions: pharmacological chaperones for Fabry disease and GM1 gangliosidosis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:6514-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc32065g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Motabar O, Goldin E, Leister W, Liu K, Southall N, Huang W, Marugan JJ, Sidransky E, Zheng W. A high throughput glucocerebrosidase assay using the natural substrate glucosylceramide. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 402:731-9. [PMID: 22033823 PMCID: PMC3351006 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase is a lysosomal enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide to form ceramide and glucose. A deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase due to genetic mutations results in Gaucher disease, in which glucosylceramide accumulates in the lysosomes of certain cell types. Although enzyme replacement therapy is currently available for the treatment of type 1 Gaucher disease, the neuronopathic forms of Gaucher disease are still not treatable. Small molecule drugs that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, such as pharmacological chaperones and enzyme activators, are new therapeutic approaches for Gaucher disease. Enzyme assays for glucocerebrosidase are used to screen compound libraries to identify new lead compounds for drug development for the treatment of Gaucher disease. But the current assays use artificial substrates that are not physiologically relevant. We developed a glucocerebrosidase assay using the natural substrate glucosylceramide coupled to an Amplex-red enzyme reporting system. This assay is in a homogenous assay format and has been miniaturized in a 1,536-well plate format for high throughput screening. The assay sensitivity and robustness is similar to those seen with other glucocerebrosidase fluorescence assays. Therefore, this new glucocerebrosidase assay is an alternative approach for high throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Motabar
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Ehud Goldin
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3708, USA
| | - William Leister
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Ke Liu
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Noel Southall
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Wenwei Huang
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Juan J. Marugan
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3708, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
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25
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Novel patient cell-based HTS assay for identification of small molecules for a lysosomal storage disease. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29504. [PMID: 22216298 PMCID: PMC3244463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules have been identified as potential therapeutic agents for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), inherited metabolic disorders caused by defects in proteins that result in lysosome dysfunctional. Some small molecules function assisting the folding of mutant misfolded lysosomal enzymes that are otherwise degraded in ER-associated degradation. The ultimate result is the enhancement of the residual enzymatic activity of the deficient enzyme. Most of the high throughput screening (HTS) assays developed to identify these molecules are single-target biochemical assays. Here we describe a cell-based assay using patient cell lines to identify small molecules that enhance the residual arylsulfatase A (ASA) activity found in patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), a progressive neurodegenerative LSD. In order to generate sufficient cell lines for a large scale HTS, primary cultured fibroblasts from MLD patients were transformed using SV40 large T antigen. These SV40 transformed (SV40t) cells showed to conserve biochemical characteristics of the primary cells. Using a specific colorimetric substrate para-nitrocatechol sulfate (pNCS), detectable ASA residual activity were observed in primary and SV40t fibroblasts from a MLD patient (ASA-I179S) cultured in multi-well plates. A robust fluorescence ASA assay was developed in high-density 1,536-well plates using the traditional colorimetric pNCS substrate, whose product (pNC) acts as “plate fluorescence quencher” in white solid-bottom plates. The quantitative cell-based HTS assay for ASA generated strong statistical parameters when tested against a diverse small molecule collection. This cell-based assay approach can be used for several other LSDs and genetic disorders, especially those that rely on colorimetric substrates which traditionally present low sensitivity for assay-miniaturization. In addition, the quantitative cell-based HTS assay here developed using patient cells creates an opportunity to identify therapeutic small molecules in a disease-cellular environment where potentially disrupted pathways are exposed and available as targets.
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26
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2011; 23:700-7. [PMID: 22068136 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e32834dda34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Jenkinson SF, Fleet GWJ, Nash RJ, Koike Y, Adachi I, Yoshihara A, Morimoto K, Izumori K, Kato A. Looking-glass synergistic pharmacological chaperones: DGJ and L-DGJ from the enantiomers of tagatose. Org Lett 2011; 13:4064-7. [PMID: 21744786 DOI: 10.1021/ol201552q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The enantiomers of tagatose are converted to L-DGJ [a noncompetitive inhibitor of human lysosome α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A), K(i) 38.5 μM] and DGJ [a competitive inhibitor of α-Gal A, K(i) 15.1 nM] in 66% yield. L-DGJ and DGJ provide the first examples of pharmacological chaperones that (a) are enantiomeric iminosugars and (b) have synergistic activity with implications for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders and other protein deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F Jenkinson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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28
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Zhou H, Fernhoff P, Vogt RF. Newborn bloodspot screening for lysosomal storage disorders. J Pediatr 2011; 159:7-13.e1. [PMID: 21492868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Newborn Screening Translation Research Initiative, National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Inc, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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29
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Aerts JMFG, Kallemeijn WW, Wegdam W, Joao Ferraz M, van Breemen MJ, Dekker N, Kramer G, Poorthuis BJ, Groener JEM, Cox-Brinkman J, Rombach SM, Hollak CEM, Linthorst GE, Witte MD, Gold H, van der Marel GA, Overkleeft HS, Boot RG. Biomarkers in the diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders: proteins, lipids, and inhibodies. J Inherit Metab Dis 2011; 34:605-19. [PMID: 21445610 PMCID: PMC3109260 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-011-9308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A biomarker is an analyte indicating the presence of a biological process linked to the clinical manifestations and outcome of a particular disease. In the case of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), primary and secondary accumulating metabolites or proteins specifically secreted by storage cells are good candidates for biomarkers. Clinical applications of biomarkers are found in improved diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and assessing therapeutic correction. These are illustrated by reviewing the discovery and use of biomarkers for Gaucher disease and Fabry disease. In addition, recently developed chemical tools allowing specific visualization of enzymatically active lysosomal glucocerebrosidase are described. Such probes, coined inhibodies, offer entirely new possibilities for more sophisticated molecular diagnosis, enzyme replacement therapy monitoring, and fundamental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M F G Aerts
- Sphinx-Amsterdam Lysosome Center, Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) encompass more than 50 distinct diseases, caused by defects in various aspects of lysosomal function. Neurodegeneration and/or dysmyelination are the hallmark of roughly 70% of LSDs. Gene therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of CNS manifestations in LSDs, as it has the potential to provide a permanent source of the deficient enzyme, either by direct injection of vectors or by transplantation of gene-corrected cells. In this latter approach, the biology of neural stem/progenitor cells and hematopoietic cells might be exploited. AREAS COVERED Based on an extensive literature search up until March 2011, the author reviews and discusses the progress, the crucial aspects and the major challenges towards the development of novel gene therapy strategies aimed to target the CNS, with particular attention to direct intracerebral gene delivery and transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells. EXPERT OPINION The implementation of viral vector delivery systems with specific tropism, regulated transgene expression, low immunogenicity and low genotoxic risk and the improvement in isolation and manipulation of relevant cell types to be transplanted, are fundamental challenges to the field. Also, combinatorial strategies might be required to achieve full correction in LSDs with neurological involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Gritti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milano, Italy.
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31
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Benito JM, García Fernández JM, Mellet CO. Pharmacological chaperone therapy for Gaucher disease: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2011; 21:885-903. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2011.569162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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32
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Inhibitor screening of pharmacological chaperones for lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase by capillary electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 399:2843-53. [PMID: 21286689 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological chaperones (PCs) represent a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of lysosomal storage disorders based on enhanced stabilization and trafficking of mutant protein upon orthosteric and/or allosteric binding. Herein, we introduce a simple yet reliable enzyme assay using capillary electrophoresis (CE) for inhibitor screening of PCs that target the lysosomal enzyme, β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase). The rate of GCase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the synthetic substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D: -glucopyranoside was performed using different classes of PCs by CE with UV detection under standardized conditions. The pH and surfactant dependence of inhibitor binding on recombinant GCase activity was also examined. Enzyme inhibition studies were investigated for five putative PCs including isofagomine (IFG), ambroxol, bromhexine, diltiazem, and fluphenazine. IFG was confirmed as a potent competitive inhibitor of recombinant GCase with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 47.5 ± 0.1 and 4.6 ± 1.4 nM at pH 5.2 and pH 7.2, respectively. In contrast, the four other non-carbohydrate amines were demonstrated to function as mixed-type inhibitors with high micromolar activity at neutral pH relative to acidic pH conditions reflective of the lysosome. CE offers a convenient platform for characterization of PCs as a way to accelerate the clinical translation of previously approved drugs for oral treatment of rare genetic disorders, such as Gaucher disease.
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