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Lakes JE, Ferrell JL, Berhow MA, Flythe MD. Antimicrobial effects of cannabidiol on select agriculturally important Clostridia. Anaerobe 2024; 87:102843. [PMID: 38537865 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Amino acid-fermenting Clostridia have undesirable effects in agricultural systems, which can be mitigated by antibiotics, but resistance necessitates alternatives. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of cannabidiol on growth and ammonia inhibition of five agriculturally relevant Clostridia: Clostridium sporogenes, Peptostreptococcus spp., Clostridioides difficile, Acetoanaerobium sticklandii, and Clostridium aminophilum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jourdan E Lakes
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jessica L Ferrell
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mark A Berhow
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Michael D Flythe
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Nasiri E, Orimi JR, Aghabeiglooei Z, Walker-Meikle K, Amrollahi-Sharifabadi M. Avicenna's pharmacopeia for the treatment of animal bites. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3375-3393. [PMID: 37368027 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02586-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Envenomation is a common medical problem. The Canon of Medicine written by Avicenna is one of the reliable sources of Persian medicine. The present study aims to identify Avicenna's clinical pharmacology approach and the pharmacopeia used for the treatment of animal envenomations and also to evaluate the related data in light of the current medicine. The Canon of Medicine was searched using related Arabic keywords for the contents about the treatment of animal bites. A literature search was conducted in scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to obtain relevant data. Avicenna recommended one hundred and eleven medicinal plants for the treatment of bites of vertebrate and invertebrate venomous animals including snakes, scorpions, spiders, wasps, and centipedes. He mentioned different methods of administrating these drugs including oral drugs, lotions, sprayed drugs, slow-dissolving tablets in the mouth, and enemas. Moreover, he paid special attention to pain relief in addition to specific treatments for animal bites. In the Canon of Medicine, Avicenna recommended several medicinal plants alongside analgesics for the management and treatment of animal envenomations. The current research elucidates the clinical pharmacology and pharmacopeia of Avicenna for the treatment of animal envenomations. Further research is encouraged to evaluate the efficacy of these therapeutic agents for the treatment of animal bites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Nasiri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operating Room, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jamal Rezaei Orimi
- Department of History of Medical Sciences, School of Allied of Medical Sciences, Mazanadaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Aghabeiglooei
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 27, Sarparast Ave., Taleqani St., Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Amrollahi-Sharifabadi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, 5th Kilometer of Khorramabad-Boroujerd Highway, Khorramabad, 68151-44316, Iran.
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Assis FFVD, Almeida Junior JSD, Moraes TMP, Varotti FDP, Moraes CC, Sartoratto A, Moraes WP, Minervino AHH. Antiplasmodial Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract from Jucá ( Libidibia ferrea) Pods. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041162. [PMID: 37111647 PMCID: PMC10145024 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is an infectious and parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium, which affects millions of people in tropical and subtropical areas. Recently, there have been multiple reports of drug resistance in Plasmodium populations, leading to the search for potential new active compounds against the parasite. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Jucá (Libidibia ferrea) in serial concentrations. Jucá was used in the form of a freeze-dried hydroalcoholic extract. For the cytotoxicity assay, the(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method with the WI-26VA4 human cell line was used. For the antiplasmodial activity, Plasmodium falciparum synchronized cultures were treated with serial concentrations (0.2 to 50 μg/mL) of the Jucá extract. In terms of the chemical composition of the Jucá extract, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry measurements revealed the main compounds as ellagic acid, valoneic acid dilactone, gallotannin, and gallic acid. The Jucá hydroalcoholic extract did not show cytotoxic activity per MTT, with an IC50 value greater than 100 µg/mL. Regarding the antiplasmodial activity, the Jucá extract presented an IC50 of 11.10 µg/mL with a selective index of nine. Because of its antiplasmodial activity at the tested concentrations and low toxicity, the Jucá extract is presented as a candidate for herbal medicine in the treatment of malaria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of antiplasmodial activity in Jucá.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Sousa de Almeida Junior
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil
| | - Tânia Mara Pires Moraes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Pilla Varotti
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica (NQBio), Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste, Av. Sebastião G. Coelho, 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Camila Castilho Moraes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil
| | - Adilson Sartoratto
- Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas, Universidade de Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13148-218, Brazil
| | - Waldiney Pires Moraes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil
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Odira HO, Mitema SO, Mapenay IM, Moriasi GA. Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Cytotoxic Effects of The Phytexponent: A Polyherbal Formulation. J Evid Based Integr Med 2022; 27:2515690X221082986. [PMID: 35230885 PMCID: PMC8891872 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x221082986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Phytexponent is used to treat pain and inflammation in complementary and alternative medicine practices; however, empirical data supporting its pharmacological efficacy and safety is scanty, hence the present study. We used the carrageenan-induced paw oedema and the acetic acid-induced writhing techniques to determine the anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacies, respectively, of the Phytexponent in Swiss albino mice models. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay technique was used to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of the Phytexponent in the Vero E6 cell line. The Phytexponent exerted significant (P < .05) anti-inflammatory effects in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema mouse model in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with significantly higher efficacy at 250 mg/Kg BW, than indomethacin (4 mg/Kg BW), in the first, second, and third hour (P < .05). Besides, the Phytexponent significantly reduced the acetic acid-induced writhing frequency in mice (P < .05), in a dose-dependent manner, depicting its analgesic efficacy. Notably, the Phytexponent (at doses: 125 mg/Kg BW and 250 mg/Kg BW) exhibited significantly higher analgesic efficacy than the Indomethacin (P<.05). Moreover, the Phytexponent was not cytotoxic to Vero E6 cells (CC50 >1000 µg/ml) compared to cyclophosphamide (CC50 = 2.48 µg/ml). Thus, the Phytexponent has significant in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacy in mice models and is not cytotoxic to Vero E6 cell line, depicting its therapeutic potential upon further empirical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halvince O. Odira
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Simon O. Mitema
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Isaac M. Mapenay
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gervason A. Moriasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
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Chemical Profiles and Pharmacological Properties with in Silico Studies on Elatostema papillosum Wedd. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040809. [PMID: 33557235 PMCID: PMC7913918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study attempted, for the first time, to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the phytochemical components of Elatostema papillosum methanol extract and their biological activities. The present study represents an effort to correlate our previously reported biological activities with a computational study, including molecular docking, and ADME/T (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion/toxicity) analyses, to identify the phytochemicals that are potentially responsible for the antioxidant, antidepressant, anxiolytic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of this plant. In the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis, a total of 24 compounds were identified, seven of which were documented as being bioactive based on their binding affinities. These seven were subjected to molecular docking studies that were correlated with the pharmacological outcomes. Additionally, the ADME/T properties of these compounds were evaluated to determine their drug-like properties and toxicity levels. The seven selected, isolated compounds displayed favorable binding affinities to potassium channels, human serotonin receptor, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and human peroxiredoxin 5 receptor proteins. Phytol acetate, and terpene compounds identified in E. papillosum displayed strong predictive binding affinities towards the human serotonin receptor. Furthermore, 3-trifluoroacetoxypentadecane showed a significant binding affinity for the KcsA potassium channel. Eicosanal showed the highest predicted binding affinity towards the human peroxiredoxin 5 receptor. All of these findings support the observed in vivo antidepressant and anxiolytic effects and the in vitro antioxidant effects observed for this extract. The identified compounds from E. papillosum showed the lowest binding affinities towards COX-1, COX-2, and NF-κB receptors, which indicated the inconsequential impacts of this extract against the activities of these three proteins. Overall, E. papillosum appears to be bioactive and could represent a potential source for the development of alternative medicines; however, further analytical experiments remain necessary.
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Biological targets of 92 alkaloids isolated from Papaver genus: a perspective based on in silico predictions. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus Residue. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110889. [PMID: 33120980 PMCID: PMC7692590 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus articulatus L. is popularly known as priprioca. Its rhizomes are used as a medicine in the treatment of malaria in traditional medicine. Since priprioca oil is extracted for commercial purpose, we evaluated if the components from the priprioca residue can be a source of antiplasmodial active molecules. This study aimed to determine the in vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity activities of the ethanolic extract of C. articulatus as an in vitro antiplasmodial agent. From the solid residue of the plant rhizomes, 40 g samples were removed and subjected to hot extraction using a Soxhlet extractor. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was determined using the W2 and 3D7 strains of P. falciparum. The phytochemical study identified the following main compounds: corymbolone (14.25%), cyclocolorenone (9.75%), and cadalene (8.36%). The extract exhibited moderate IC50 (inhibitory concentration) against the two strains of P. falciparum: 1.21 ± 0.01 against the W2 strain and 1.10 ± 0.06 µg/mL against the 3D7 strain. Our results show the therapeutic potential of priprioca residue as a low-cost antiplasmodial agent.
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Beyond inflammation: Centrally mediated antinociceptive properties of Spirulina platensis LEB-18 biomass via the opioid system. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Radice M, Tasambay A, Pérez A, Diéguez-Santana K, Sacchetti G, Buso P, Buzzi R, Vertuani S, Manfredini S, Baldisserotto A. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Hedyosmum (Chlorantaceae): A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:111932. [PMID: 31128149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Hedyosmum (family: Chloranthaceae) represents an interesting source of natural active compounds, and the 45 species of this genus are widespread in Central and South America and to a lesser extent Southeast Asia (southern China and western Malaysia). Several species are traditionally used in folk medicine. However, the data made available in recent years have not been organized and compared. AIM OF THIS REVIEW The present study is a critical assessment of the state-of-the-art concerning the traditional uses, the phytochemistry and the pharmacology of species belonging to the genus Hedyosmum to suggest further research strategies and to facilitate the exploitation of the therapeutic potential of Hedyosmum species for the treatment of human disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present review consists of a systematic overview of scientific literature concerning the genus Hedyosmum published between 1965 and 2018. Moreover, an older text, dated from 1843, concerning the traditional uses of H. bonplandianum Kunth has also been considered. Several databases (Francis & Taylor, Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO, SciFinder, Springer, Wiley, and The Plant List Database) have been used to perform this work. RESULTS Sixteen species of the genus Hedyosmum have been mentioned as traditional remedies, and a large number of ethnomedicinal uses, including for the treatment of pain, depression, migraine, stomach-ache and ovary diseases, have been reported. Five species have been used as flavouring agents, tea substitutes or foods. Sesterterpenes, sesquiterpene lactones, monoterpenes, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids, and neolignans have been reported as the most important compounds in these species. Studies concerning their biological activities have shown that members of the Hedyosmum genus possesses promising biological properties, such as analgesic, antinociceptive, antidepressant, anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic effects. Preliminary studies concerning the antibacterial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, and antifungal activities of these plants as well as their cytotoxic activities against different tumour cell lines have been reported. Some active compounds from the Hedyosmum genus have been used as starting points for the innovative and bioinspired development of synthetic molecules. A critical assessment of these papers has been performed, and some conceptual and methodological problems have been identified regarding the materials and methods and the experimental design used in these studies, including a lack of ethnopharmacological research. CONCLUSIONS The present review partially confirms the basis for some of the traditional uses of Hedyosmum species (mainly H. brasiliense) through preclinical studies that demonstrated their antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects. Due to promising preliminary results, further studies should be conducted on 13-hydroxy-8,9-dehydroshizukanolide and podoandin. Moreover, several essential oils (EOs) from this genus have been preliminarily investigated, and the cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of H. brasiliense and H. sprucei EOs certainly deserve further investigation. From the promising findings of the present analysis, we can affirm that this genus deserves further research from ethnopharmacological and toxicological perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Radice
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km 2 ½ Via Puyo-Tena, Puyo, Ecuador
| | | | - Amaury Pérez
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km 2 ½ Via Puyo-Tena, Puyo, Ecuador
| | - Karel Diéguez-Santana
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km 2 ½ Via Puyo-Tena, Puyo, Ecuador; IKIAM - Universidad Regional Amazónica, km 7 Vía Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Gianni Sacchetti
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Piergiacomo Buso
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raissa Buzzi
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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Olivés J, Mestres J. Closing the Gap Between Therapeutic Use and Mode of Action in Remedial Herbs. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1132. [PMID: 31632273 PMCID: PMC6785637 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ancient tradition of taking parts of a plant or preparing plant extracts for treating certain discomforts and maladies has long been lacking a scientific rationale to support its preparation and still widespread use in several parts of the world. In an attempt to address this challenge, we collected and integrated data connecting metabolites, plants, diseases, and proteins. A mechanistic hypothesis is generated when a metabolite is known to be present in a given plant, that plant is known to be used to treat a certain disease, that disease is known to be linked to the function of a given protein, and that protein is finally known or predicted to interact with the original metabolite. The construction of plant–protein networks from mutually connected metabolites and diseases facilitated the identification of plausible mechanisms of action for plants being used to treat analgesia, hypercholesterolemia, diarrhea, catarrh, and cough. Additional concrete examples using both experimentally known and computationally predicted, and subsequently experimentally confirmed, metabolite–protein interactions to close the connection circle between metabolites, plants, diseases, and proteins offered further proof of concept for the validity and scope of the approach to generate mode of action hypotheses for some of the therapeutic uses of remedial herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Olivés
- Research Group on Systems Pharmacology, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Mestres
- Research Group on Systems Pharmacology, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Pinto IR, Chaves HV, Vasconcelos AS, de Sousa FCF, Santi-Gadelha T, de Lacerda JTJG, Ribeiro KA, Freitas RS, Maciel LM, Filho SMP, Viana AFSC, de Almeida Gadelha CA, Filho GC, de Paulo Teixeira Pinto V, Pereira KMA, Rodrigues e Silva AA, Bezerra MM. Antiulcer and Antioxidant Activity of a Lectin from Mucuna pruriens Seeds on Ethanol- induced Gastropathy: Involvement of Alpha-2 Adrenoceptors and Prostaglandins. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1430-1439. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190524081433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological Relevance:Mucuna pruriens (Mp) belongs to Leguminosae family, it is native of tropical regions and used to treat several maladies such as urinary, neurological, and menstruation disorders, constipation, edema, fever, tuberculosis, ulcers, diabetes, arthritis, dysentery, and cardiovascular diseases. Mp seeds are rich in bioactive compounds, for instance, lectins, a heterogeneous group of proteins and glycoproteins with a potential role as therapeutic tools for several conditions, including gastric disorders. This study investigated the acute toxicity, gastroprotective, and antioxidant activities of a lectin from Mucuna pruriens seeds (MpLec) on ethanol-induced gastropathy model in mice.Materials & Methods:Mice received MpLec (5 or 10 mg/kg; i.v.) and were observed for acute toxicity signs; in another experimental series, mice were pre-treated with MpLec (0.001; 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg, i.v.), ranitidine (80 mg/kg, p.o.), or saline (0.3 mL/30g, i.v.) before ethanol 99.9% (0.2 mL/animal, p.o.), and euthanized 30 min after ethanol challenge. Macroscopic and microscopic gastric aspects, biochemical parameters (tissue hemoglobin levels, iron-induced lipid peroxidation, GSH content, SOD activity, and gastric mucosal PGE2) were measured. Additionally, pharmacological tools (yohimbine, indomethacin, naloxone, L-NAME) were opportunely used to clarify MpLec gastroprotective mechanisms of action.Results:No toxicity signs nor death were observed at acute toxicity tests. MpLec reduced ethanol-induced gastric damage, edema, and hemorrhagic patches formation, as well as decreased lipid peroxidation, SOD activity, and increased GSH content. Yohimbine and indomethacin prevented MpLec effects, suggesting the involvement of alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the MpLec-mediated effects.Conclusion:MpLec does not present toxicity signs and shows gastroprotective and antioxidant activities via alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the ethanol-induced gastropathy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Ribeiro Pinto
- Federal University of Ceara, Master of Biotechnology Degree Program, Sobral - Ceara, Brazil
| | - Hellíada V. Chaves
- Federal University of Ceara, Master of Biotechnology Degree Program, Sobral - Ceara, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tatiane Santi-Gadelha
- Federal University of Paraiba, Department of Molecular Biology, Joao Pessoa - Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia Alves Ribeiro
- Federal University of Ceara, Master of Biotechnology Degree Program, Sobral - Ceara, Brazil
| | - Raul Sousa Freitas
- Federal University of Ceara, Master of Biotechnology Degree Program, Sobral - Ceara, Brazil
| | - Lara Mendes Maciel
- Federal University of Ceara, Faculty of Medicine, Sobral - Ceara, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gerardo Cristino Filho
- Federal University of Ceara, Master of Biotechnology Degree Program, Sobral - Ceara, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mirna Marques Bezerra
- Federal University of Ceara, Master of Biotechnology Degree Program, Sobral - Ceara, Brazil
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Effects of the Extracts from Fruit and Stem of Camellia japonica on Induced Pluripotency and Wound Healing. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7110449. [PMID: 30463279 PMCID: PMC6262430 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules that improve reprogramming, stem cell properties, and regeneration can be widely applied in regenerative medicine. Natural plant extracts represent an abundant and valuable source of bioactive small molecules for drug discovery. Natural products themselves or direct derivatives of them have continued to provide small molecules that have entered clinical trials, such as anticancer and antimicrobial drugs. Here, we tested 3695 extracts from native plants to examine whether they can improve induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation using genetically homogeneous secondary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) harboring doxycycline (dox)-inducible reprograming transgenes. Among the tested extracts, extracts from the fruit and stem of Camellia japonica (CJ) enhanced mouse and human iPSC generation and promoted efficient wound healing in an in vivo mouse wound model. CJ is one of the best-known species of the genus Camellia that belongs to the Theaceae family. Our findings identified the natural plant extracts from the fruit and stem of CJ as novel regulators capable of enhancing cellular reprogramming and wound healing, providing a useful supplement in the development of a more efficient and safer method to produce clinical-grade iPSCs and therapeutics.
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Carvalho MG, Aragão CFS, Raffin FN, de L Moura TFA. Development and Validation of a Simultaneous RP-HPLCUV/DAD Method for Determination of Polyphenols in Gels Containing S. terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae). Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:309-315. [PMID: 28539726 PMCID: PMC5421431 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.204559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical gels containing extracts of Schinus terebinthifolius have been used to treat bacterial vaginosis. It has been reported that this species has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic properties, which can be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds. In this work, a sensitive and selective reversed-phase HPLC-UV/DAD method for the simultaneous assay of six polyphenols that could be present in S. terebinthifolius was developed. The method was shown to be accurate and precise. Peak purity and similarity index both exceeded 0.99. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range studied, with correlation coefficients between 0.9931 and 0.9974. This method was used to determine the polyphenol content of a hydroalcoholic extract and pharmacy-compounded vaginal gel. Although the method is useful to assess the 6 phenolic compounds, some compounds could not be detected in the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina G Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN-R. General Cordeiro de Farias, s/n, Petrópolis, CEP: Natal/RN/Brasil
| | - Cícero F S Aragão
- Departamento de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Brasil
| | - Fernanda N Raffin
- Departamento de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Brasil
| | - Túlio F A de L Moura
- Departamento de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Brasil
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14
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La Rocca V, da Fonsêca DV, Silva-Alves KS, Ferreira-da-Silva FW, de Sousa DP, Santos PL, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Leal-Cardoso JH, de Almeida RN. Geraniol Induces Antinociceptive Effect in Mice Evaluated in Behavioural and Electrophysiological Models. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 120:22-29. [PMID: 27277137 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Geraniol (GER) is a monoterpene alcohol with various biochemical and pharmacological properties present in the essential oil of more than 160 species of herbs (especially the Cymbopogon genus). In this study, we evaluated the antinociceptive activity of GER in behavioural and electrophysiological in vitro experimental models of nociception using male Swiss mice. GER (12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg i.p. and 50 or 200 mg/kg p.o.) reduced the number of writhes induced by acetic acid. The opioid antagonist naloxone (5 mg/kg s.c.) administered in mice subsequently treated with GER (25 mg/kg i.p.) did not reverse such antinociceptive activity, suggesting a non-opioid pathway for the mechanism of action. GER (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg i.p.) reduced paw licking time in the second phase of the formalin test. Also, in the glutamate test, GER when administered 50 mg/kg i.p. reduced paw licking time, probably modulating glutamatergic neurotransmission. GER blocked reversibly components of the compound action potential (CAP) recorded in isolated sciatic nerve in a concentration- and drug exposure time-dependent manner: 1 mM to 120 min. for the first component and 0.6 mM to 90 min. for the second component. The IC50 was calculated for the peak-to-peak amplitude (PPA) at 0.48 ± 0.04 mM. The conduction velocity was also reduced by exposure to GER starting from the concentration of 0.3 mM for both components of the CAP. In conclusion, it is suggested that GER has antinociceptive activity, especially in pain related to inflammation, and in part related to reduced peripheral nerve excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana La Rocca
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (Renorbio), Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Diogo Vilar da Fonsêca
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetics Products (PgPNSB), Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Kerly Shamyra Silva-Alves
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Henrique Leal-Cardoso
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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15
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Van Hout MC, Hearne E. "Vintage meds": a netnographic study of user decision-making, home preparation, and consumptive patterns of laudanum. Subst Use Misuse 2015; 50:598-608. [PMID: 25545140 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.991408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reviews have commented on rising clandestine manufacture of opiate drug solutions for injecting, and to a lesser extent for oral use. Very little is known about user attempts to culture poppy seeds, widely available on the internet for manufacture of long acting medium-high potency oral solutions, both as poppy seed tea or as opium tincture (laudanum). OBJECTIVES A netnographic research methodology aimed to provide online consumer insight into user sourcing and decision influences, experiences of home manufacture of laudanum, utilization of opium tincture recipes, and consumptive patterns. METHODS A systematic internet search was conducted using the terms: "Laudanum," "Opium tincture," and "Tincture of Opium" in combination with "forum." Following screening of 810 forum threads with exclusion criteria and removal of duplicates, 75 fora threads on 6 online drug fora were analyzed using the empirical phenomenological psychological method. Four themes were generated. RESULTS Findings illustrated the underpinning of user reminiscing about Victorian use of standardized laudanum, long duration shelf life, and medicinal use for opiate withdrawals with intentions to prepare. Preparation of famous recipes and use of authentic storage bottles boosted nostalgia. Participants appeared well versed in kitchen chemistry processes. Discussions centered on type and amount of alcohol used, use of additives to promote palatability and intoxication effect, homogenization of poppy seeds, and double extraction using opium tincture. Lack of detail available on intoxication experiences, with tentative dosage advised. CONCLUSIONS Development of targeted and credible "counterpublic" harm reduction initiatives situated within online consumerism of communal drug knowledge is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claire Van Hout
- 1Department of Health, Sport and Exercise Science, Waterford Institute of Technology , Waterford , Ireland
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16
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Ahmed M. Acute Toxicity (Lethal Dose 50 Calculation) of Herbal Drug Somina in Rats and Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/pp.2015.63019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Riley AP, Groer CE, Young D, Ewald AW, Kivell BM, Prisinzano TE. Synthesis and κ-opioid receptor activity of furan-substituted salvinorin A analogues. J Med Chem 2014; 57:10464-75. [PMID: 25426797 PMCID: PMC4281103 DOI: 10.1021/jm501521d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The neoclerodane diterpene salvinorin A, found in the leaves of Salvia divinorum, is a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist, making it an attractive scaffold for development into a treatment for substance abuse. Although several successful semisynthetic studies have been performed to elucidate structure-activity relationships, the lack of analogues with substitutions to the furan ring of salvinorin A has prevented a thorough understanding of its role in binding to the κ-opioid receptor. Herein we report the synthesis of several salvinorin A derivatives with modified furan rings. Evaluation of these compounds in a functional assay indicated that sterically less demanding substitutions are preferred, suggesting the furan ring is bound in a congested portion of the binding pocket. The most potent of the analogues successfully reduced drug-seeking behavior in an animal model of drug-relapse without producing the sedation observed with other κ-opioid agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Riley
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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18
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Gonçalves RV, Novaes RD, Cupertino MC, Araújo BM, Vilela EF, Machado AT, Leite JP, Matta SL. Bathysa cuspidata Extract Modulates the Morphological Reorganization of the Scar Tissue and Accelerates Skin Wound Healing in Rats: A Time-Dependent Study. Cells Tissues Organs 2014; 199:266-77. [DOI: 10.1159/000365504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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19
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do Val D, Bezerra M, Silva A, Pereira K, Rios L, Lemos J, Arriaga N, Vasconcelos J, Benevides N, Pinto V, Cristino-Filho G, Brito G, Silva F, Santiago G, Arriaga A, Chaves H. Tephrosia toxicaria Pers. reduces temporomandibular joint inflammatory hypernociception: The involvement of the HO-1 pathway. Eur J Pain 2014; 18:1280-9. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2014.488.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.R. do Val
- Master of Biotechnology Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - M.M. Bezerra
- Faculty of Medicine; Master of Biotechnology Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - A.A.R. Silva
- Faculty of Dentistry; Master of Healthy Sciences Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - K.M.A. Pereira
- Faculty of Dentistry; Master of Healthy Sciences Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - L.C. Rios
- Faculty of Medicine; Master of Biotechnology Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - J.C. Lemos
- Faculty of Medicine; Master of Biotechnology Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - N.C. Arriaga
- Faculty of Medicine; Master of Biotechnology Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - J.N. Vasconcelos
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - N.M.B. Benevides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - V.P.T. Pinto
- Faculty of Medicine; Master of Biotechnology Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - G. Cristino-Filho
- Faculty of Medicine; Master of Biotechnology Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
| | - G.A.C. Brito
- Department of Morphology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - F.R.L. Silva
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - G.M.P. Santiago
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - A.M.C. Arriaga
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - H.V. Chaves
- Faculty of Dentistry; Master of Healthy Sciences Degree Program; Federal University of Ceará; Sobral Brazil
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20
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Vriens J, Nilius B, Vennekens R. Herbal compounds and toxins modulating TRP channels. Curr Neuropharmacol 2010; 6:79-96. [PMID: 19305789 PMCID: PMC2645550 DOI: 10.2174/157015908783769644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 08/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the benefits are sometimes obvious, traditional or herbal medicine is regarded with skepticism, because the mechanism through which plant compounds exert their powers are largely elusive. Recent studies have shown however that many of these plant compounds interact with specific ion channels and thereby modulate the sensing mechanism of the human body. Especially members of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels have drawn large attention lately as the receptors for plant-derived compounds such as capsaicin and menthol. TRP channels constitute a large and diverse family of channel proteins that can serve as versatile sensors that allow individual cells and entire organisms to detect changes in their environment. For this family, a striking number of empirical views have turned into mechanism-based actions of natural compounds. In this review we will give an overview of herbal compounds and toxins, which modulate TRP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Vriens
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Mol. Cell Biology, Division of Physiology, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 LEUVEN, Belgium
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21
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De Souza MM, Pereira MA, Ardenghi JV, Mora TC, Bresciani LF, Yunes RA, Delle Monache F, Cechinel-Filho V. Filicene obtained from Adiantum cuneatum interacts with the cholinergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and tachykinergic systems to exert antinociceptive effect in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 93:40-6. [PMID: 19375449 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 03/19/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we describe the antinociceptive effect of filicene, a triterpene isolated from Adiantum cuneatum (Adiantaceae) leaves, in several models of pain in mice. When evaluated against acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions, filicene (10, 30 and 60 mg/kg, i.p.) produced dose-related inhibition of the number of constrictions, being several times more potent [ID(50)=9.17 (6.27-13.18) mg/kg] than acetaminophen [ID(50)=18.8 (15.7-22.6) mg/kg], diclofenac [ID(50)=12.1(9.40-15.6) mg/kg] and acetylsalicylic acid [ID(50)=24.0(13.1-43.8) mg/kg] in the same doses as those used for the standard drugs. Filicene also produced dose-related inhibition of the pain caused by capsaicin and glutamate, with mean ID(50) values of 11.7 (8.51-16.0) mg/kg and <10 mg/kg, respectively. Its antinociceptive action was significantly reversed by atropine, haloperidol, GABA(A) and GABA(B) antagonists (bicuculline and phaclofen, respectively), but was not affected by L-arginine-nitric oxide, serotonin, adrenergic and the opioid systems. Together, these results indicate that the mechanisms involved in its action are not completely understood, but seem to involve interaction with the cholinergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic and tachykinergic systems.
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MESH Headings
- Acetic Acid/toxicity
- Adiantum/chemistry
- Analgesics/administration & dosage
- Analgesics/chemistry
- Analgesics/isolation & purification
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Animals
- Capsaicin/toxicity
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Glutamic Acid/toxicity
- Male
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Pain/drug therapy
- Pain/physiopathology
- Phytotherapy
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effects
- Receptors, Cholinergic/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine/physiology
- Receptors, GABA/drug effects
- Receptors, GABA/physiology
- Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects
- Receptors, Neurotransmitter/physiology
- Receptors, Tachykinin/drug effects
- Receptors, Tachykinin/physiology
- Triterpenes/administration & dosage
- Triterpenes/chemistry
- Triterpenes/isolation & purification
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- M M De Souza
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas e Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 88302-202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
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22
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Prisinzano TE. Natural products as tools for neuroscience: discovery and development of novel agents to treat drug abuse. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:581-7. [PMID: 19099466 PMCID: PMC2788013 DOI: 10.1021/np8005748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Much of what we know about the neurosciences is the direct result of studying psychoactive natural products. Unfortunately, there are many gaps in our understanding of the basic biological processes that contribute to the etiology of many CNS disorders. The investigation of psychoactive natural products offers an excellent approach to identify novel agents to treat CNS disorders and to find new chemical tools to better elucidate their biological mechanisms. This review will detail recent progress in a program directed toward investigating psychoactive natural products with the goal of treating drug abuse by targeting kappa opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Prisinzano
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.
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23
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Neuropathic pain-like behavior after brachial plexus avulsion in mice: the relevance of kinin B1 and B2 receptors. J Neurosci 2008; 28:2856-63. [PMID: 18337416 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4389-07.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The relevance of kinin B(1) (B(1)R) and B(2) (B(2)R) receptors in the brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) model was evaluated in mice, by means of genetic and pharmacological tools. BPA-induced hypernociception was absent in B(1)R, but not in B(2)R, knock-out mice. Local or intraperitoneal administration of the B(2)R antagonist Hoe 140 failed to affect BPA-induced mechanical hypernociception. Interestingly, local or intraperitoneal treatment with B(1)R antagonists, R-715 or SSR240612, dosed at the time of surgery, significantly reduced BPA-evoked mechanical hypernociception. Intrathecal or intracerebroventricular administration of these antagonists, at the surgery moment, did not prevent the hypernociception. Both antagonists, dosed by intraperitoneal or intrathecal routes (but not intracerebroventricularly) 4 d after the surgery, significantly inhibited the mechanical hypernociception. At 30 d after the BPA, only the intracerebroventricular treatment effectively reduced the hypernociception. A marked increase in B(1)R mRNA was observed in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex at 4 d after BPA and only in the hypothalamus and cortex at 30 d. In the spinal cord, a slight increase in B(1)R mRNA expression was observed as early as at 2 d. Finally, an enhancement of B(1)R protein expression was found in all the analyzed brain structures at 4 and 30 d after the BPA, whereas in the spinal cord, this parameter was augmented only at 4 d. The data provide new evidence on the role of peripheral and central kinin B(1)R in the BPA model of neuropathic pain. Selective B(1)R antagonists might well represent valuable tools for the management of neuropathic pain.
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24
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Quintão NLM, Ferreira J, Beirith A, Campos MM, Calixto JB. Evaluation of the effects of the herbal product Catuama in inflammatory and neuropathic models of nociception in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 15:245-52. [PMID: 17482443 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2007.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Here we evaluated the antinociceptive effects of the herbal drug Catuama in rat inflammatory and neuropathic models of pain, in order to assess some of the mechanisms involved in its actions. Catuama given orally, in both acute and chronic schedules of treatment, consistently inhibited the mechanical allodynia induced by the intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). The same treatment with Catuama failed to significantly affect CFA-caused thermal hyperalgesia. In addition, Catuama did not significantly modify the mechanical allodynia or hyperalgesia observed following the partial ligation of the sciatic nerve or the diabetic polyneuropathy, respectively. In another series of experiments, Catuama caused a striking reduction of the mechanical allodynia induced by LPS. Oral treatment with Catuama was not, however, effective in altering the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1beta, TNFalpha, PGE(2) or LTB(4) following i.pl. administration of LPS in the rat paw. Of high interest, the antinociceptive effects of Catuama in the LPS model were reversed significantly by the non-selective dopamine antagonist haloperidol, but not by serotonin methysergide or adrenergic yohimbine receptor antagonists. Our results indicate that the herbal drug Catuama diminishes inflammatory, but not neuropathic, nociceptive responses in rats, by mechanisms involving an interference with dopaminergic pathways. Catuama might represent a potential therapeutic tool for the management of persistent inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L M Quintão
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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25
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Mandadi S, Roufogalis BD. ThermoTRP channels in nociceptors: taking a lead from capsaicin receptor TRPV1. Curr Neuropharmacol 2008; 6:21-38. [PMID: 19305786 PMCID: PMC2645548 DOI: 10.2174/157015908783769680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Revised: 04/27/2007] [Accepted: 07/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nociceptors with peripheral and central projections express temperature sensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels, also called thermoTRP's. Chemosensitivity of thermoTRP's to certain natural compounds eliciting pain or exhibiting thermal properties has proven to be a good tool in characterizing these receptors. Capsaicin, a pungent chemical in hot peppers, has assisted in the cloning of the first thermoTRP, TRPV1. This discovery initiated the search for other receptors encoding the response to a wide range of temperatures encountered by the body. Of these, TRPV1 and TRPV2 encode unique modalities of thermal pain when exposed to noxious heat. The ability of TRPA1 to encode noxious cold is presently being debated. The role of TRPV1 in peripheral inflammatory pain and central sensitization during chronic pain is well known. In addition to endogenous agonists, a wide variety of chemical agonists and antagonists have been discovered to activate and inhibit TRPV1. Efforts are underway to determine conditions under which agonist-mediated desensitization of TRPV1 or inhibition by antagonists can produce analgesia. Also, identification of specific second messenger molecules that regulate phosphorylation of TRPV1 has been the focus of intense research, to exploit a broader approach to pain treatment. The search for a role of TRPV2 in pain remains dormant due to the lack of suitable experimental models. However, progress into TRPA1's role in pain has received much attention recently. Another thermoTRP, TRPM8, encoding for the cool sensation and also expressed in nociceptors, has recently been shown to reduce pain via a central mechanism, thus opening a novel strategy for achieving analgesia. The role of other thermoTRP's (TRPV3 and TRPV4) encoding for detection of warm temperatures and expressed in nociceptors cannot be excluded. This review will discuss current knowledge on the role of nociceptor thermoTRPs in pain and therapy and describes the activator and inhibitor molecules known to interact with them and modulate their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravan Mandadi
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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26
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Andrade EL, Ferreira J, Santos ARS, Calixto JB. Pharmacological analysis of paregoric elixir and its constituents: in vitro and in vivo studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 114:218-26. [PMID: 17869462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2007] [Revised: 07/26/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Paregoric elixir is a phytomedicinal product which is used widely as an analgesic, antispasmodic and antidiarrheal agent. Here, we investigated the pharmacological actions and some of the mechanisms of action of paregoric elixir and compared its action with some of its components, the alkaloids morphine and papaverine. The paregoric elixir given orally to mice did not present relevant toxic effects, even when administered in doses up to 2000-fold higher than those used clinically. However, it showed an antinociceptive action that was more potent, but less efficacious, than morphine. In contrast to morphine, its effect was not dose-dependent and not reversed by the non-selective opioid antagonist naloxone. Moreover, paregoric elixir produced tolerance, but did not cause cross-tolerance, with the antinociceptive actions of morphine. When assessed in the gastrointestinal motility in vivo, paregoric elixir elicited graduated reduction of gastrointestinal transit. Finally, like morphine and papaverine, paregoric elixir concentration-dependently inhibited electrically-induced contraction of the guinea pig isolated ileum. In vivo and in vitro gastrointestinal actions of paregoric elixir were not reversed by naloxone. Collectively, the present findings lead us to suggest that the pharmacological actions produced by paregoric elixir are probably due to a synergic action of its constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edinéia Lemos Andrade
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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27
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Martini LH, Jung F, Soares FA, Rotta LN, Vendite DA, Frizzo MEDS, Yunes RA, Calixto JB, Wofchuk S, Souza DO. Naturally Occurring Compounds Affect Glutamatergic Neurotransmission in Rat Brain. Neurochem Res 2007; 32:1950-6. [PMID: 17577666 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-007-9393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural products, including those derived from plants, have largely contributed to the development of therapeutic drugs. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and it is also considered a nociceptive neurotransmitter, by acting on peripheral nervous system. For this reason, in this study we investigated the effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from Drymis winteri (polygodial and drimanial), Phyllanthus (rutin and quercetine), Jathopha elliptica (jatrophone), Hedyosmum brasiliense (13HDS), Ocotea suaveolens (Tormentic acid), Protium kleinii (alphabeta-amyrin), Citrus paradise (naringin), soybean (genistein) and Crataeva nurvala (lupeol), described as having antinociceptive effects, on glutamatergic transmission parameters, such as [(3)H]glutamate binding, [(3)H]glutamate uptake by synaptic vesicles and astrocyte cultures, and synaptosomal [(3)H]glutamate release. All the glutamatergic parameters were affected by one or more of these compounds. Specifically, drimanial and polygodial presented more broad and profound effects, requiring more investigation on their mechanisms. The putative central side effects of these compounds, via the glutamatergic system, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Helena Martini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil
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28
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Quintão NLM, Medeiros R, Santos ARS, Campos MM, Calixto JB. The effects of diacerhein on mechanical allodynia in inflammatory and neuropathic models of nociception in mice. Anesth Analg 2005; 101:1763-1769. [PMID: 16301256 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000184182.03203.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this study we analyzed the systemic antiallodynic properties of diacerhein, a drug used to treat osteoarthritis, in inflammatory and neuropathic models of nociception in mice. The effects of diacerhein were compared with those of gabapentin, a drug used clinically for the management of neuropathic pain. Similar to gabapentin, diacerhein was able to significantly reverse the mechanical allodynia induced by carrageenan. A significant inhibition of carrageenan-induced nociception was also observed when diacerhein was administered by the intrathecal but not by the intraplantar route. The treatment with diacerhein or with gabapentin also inhibited the mechanical allodynia induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or after the partial ligation of the sciatic nerve (PLSN). In the same range of doses, diacerhein or gabapentin did not affect the locomotor activity, motor coordination, or body temperature of the animals. The present results indicate that diacerhein produces marked antiallodynic effects in carrageenan and CFA nociception models and also inhibits the neuropathic pain after PLSN, with an efficacy similar to that observed for gabapentin. Diacerhein may be a potentially interesting tool for the management of inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara L M Quintão
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Bortalanza LB, Ferreira J, Hess SC, Delle Monache F, Yunes RA, Calixto JB. Anti-allodynic action of the tormentic acid, a triterpene isolated from plant, against neuropathic and inflammatory persistent pain in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2002; 453:203-8. [PMID: 12398905 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were designed to address whether the pentacyclic triterpene tormentic acid isolated from the stem bark of the plant Vochysia divergens exerts oral anti-allodynic properties in two models of chronic pain in mice: neuropathic pain caused by partial ligation of the sciatic nerve and inflammatory pain produced by intraplantar injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant. Oral administration of tormentic acid (30 mg/kg) twice a day for several consecutive days produced time-dependent and pronounced anti-allodynia effect in both ispsilateral and contralateral paws after plantar injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant. The inhibition observed was 82+/-9% and 100+/-11%, respectively. Interestingly, tormentic acid did not inhibit paw oedema formation following Complete Freund's Adjuvant plantar injection. Tormentic acid (30 mg/kg, p.o.) and gabapentin (70 mg/kg, p.o.), given twice a day, inhibited markedly the neuropathic allodynia induced by partial ligation of the sciatic nerve, with inhibition of 91+/-19% and 71+/-16%, respectively. The anti-allodynic action of tormentic acid was not associated with impairment of the motor activity of the animals. Together, the present results indicate that tormentic acid or its derivatives might be of potential interest in the development of new clinically relevant drugs for the management of persistent neuropathic and inflammatory allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léslei B Bortalanza
- Departamento de Farmacologia and Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rua Ferreira Lima, 82, 88015-420, SC, Florianópolis, Brazil
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