1
|
Vescio F, Ammendola M, Currò G, Curcio S. Relationship between mast cell, angiogenesis and pancreatic cancer: Our experience. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2927-2930. [PMID: 38946872 PMCID: PMC11212697 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i23.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we focus specifically on the mechanisms by which pancreatic inflammation affects pancreatic cancer. Cancer of the pancreas remains one of the deadliest cancer types. The highest incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer are found in developed countries. Trends of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality vary considerably worldwide. A better understanding of the etiology and identification of the risk factors is essential for the primary prevention of this disease. Pancreatic tumors are characterized by a complex microenvironment that orchestrates metabolic alterations and supports a milieu of interactions among various cell types within this niche. In this editorial, we highlight the foundational studies that have driven our understanding of these processes. In our experimental center, we have carefully studied the mechanisms of that link pancreatic inflammation and pancreatic cancer. We focused on the role of mast cells (MCs). MCs contain pro-angiogenic factors, including tryptase, that are associated with increased angiogenesis in various tumors. In this editorial, we address the role of MCs in angiogenesis in both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue. The assessment includes the density of c-Kit receptor-positive MCs, the density of tryptase-positive MCs, the area of tryptase-positive MCs, and angiogenesis in terms of microvascularization density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Vescio
- Science of Health Department, General Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Science of Health Department, Digestive Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Currò
- Science of Health Department, General Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Silvia Curcio
- Science of Health Department, General Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Li X, Wei H, Liu Y, Li N. Mast cells in colorectal cancer tumour progression, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1209056. [PMID: 37497234 PMCID: PMC10366593 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1209056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of the tumour cells, as well as how tumour cells interact with their surroundings, affect the prognosis of cancer patients. The resident cells in the tumour microenvironment are mast cells (MCs), which are known for their functions in allergic responses, but their functions in the cancer milieu have been hotly contested. Several studies have revealed a link between MCs and the development of tumours. Mast cell proliferation in colorectal cancer (CRC) is correlated with angiogenesis, the number of lymph nodes to which the malignancy has spread, and patient prognosis. By releasing angiogenic factors (VEGF-A, CXCL 8, MMP-9, etc.) and lymphangiogenic factors (VEGF-C, VEGF-D, etc.) stored in granules, mast cells play a significant role in the development of CRC. On the other hand, MCs can actively encourage tumour development via pathways including the c-kit/SCF-dependent signaling cascade and histamine production. The impact of MC-derived mediators on tumour growth, the prognostic importance of MCs in patients with various stages of colorectal cancer, and crosstalk between MCs and CRC cells in the tumour microenvironment are discussed in this article. We acknowledge the need for a deeper comprehension of the function of MCs in CRC and the possibility that targeting MCs might be a useful therapeutic approach in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haotian Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ningxu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cheng R, Santos HA. Smart Nanoparticle-Based Platforms for Regulating Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202063. [PMID: 36479842 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor development and metastasis are closely related to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, several studies indicate that modulating TME can enhance cancer immunotherapy. Among various approaches to modulating TME, nanoparticles (NPs) with unique inherent advantages and smart modified characteristics are promising candidates in delivering drugs to cancer cells, amplifying the therapeutic effects, and leading to a cascade of immune responses. In this review, several smart NP-based platforms are briefly introduced, such as responsive NPs, targeting NPs, and the composition of TME, including dendritic cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells. Moreover, the recent applications of smart NP-based platforms in regulating TME and cancer immunotherapy are briefly introduced. Last, the advantages and disadvantages of these smart NP-based platforms in potential clinical translation are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Seo SH, Hwang S, Hwang S, Han S, Park H, Lee Y, Rho SB, Kwon Y. Hypoxia‐induced ELF3 promotes tumor angiogenesis through IGF1/IGF1R. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52977. [PMID: 35695065 PMCID: PMC9346469 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers despite a relatively low incidence. Angiogenesis, one of the hallmarks of cancer, is essential for the pathogenesis of EOC, which is related to the induction of angiogenic factors. We found that ELF3 was highly expressed in EOCs under hypoxia and functioned as a transcription factor for IGF1. The ELF3‐mediated increase in the secretion of IGF1 and VEGF promoted endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and EOC angiogenesis. Although this situation was much exaggerated under hypoxia, ELF3 silencing under hypoxia significantly attenuated angiogenic activity in endothelial cells by reducing the expression and secretion of IGF1 and VEGF. ELF3 silencing attenuated angiogenesis and tumorigenesis in ex vivo and xenograft mouse models. Consequently, ELF3 plays an important role in the induction of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis in EOC as a transcription factor of IGF1. A detailed understanding of the biological mechanism of ELF3 may both improve current antiangiogenic therapies and have anticancer effects for EOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Seo
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Soo‐Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Seohui Hwang
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Sunjung Han
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Hyojin Park
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Yun‐Sil Lee
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Seung Bae Rho
- Research Institute National Cancer Center Goyang‐si Gyeonggi‐do Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Emerging Therapeutic Agents for Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247463. [PMID: 34946546 PMCID: PMC8707340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are promising new therapeutic agents for CRC patients, including novel small-molecule inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockers. We focused on emerging CRC’s therapeutic agents that have shown the potential for progress in clinical practice. This review provides an overview of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF and KIT, BRAF and MEK inhibitors, TLR9 agonist, STAT3 inhibitors, and immune checkpoint blockers (PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors), for which recent advances have been reported. These new agents have the potential to provide benefits to CRC patients with unmet medical needs.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mast Cells Positive for c-Kit Receptor and Tryptase Correlate with Angiogenesis in Cancerous and Adjacent Normal Pancreatic Tissue. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020444. [PMID: 33669751 PMCID: PMC7923170 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mast cells (MCs) contain proangiogenic factors, in particular tryptase, associated with increased angiogenesis in several tumours. With special reference to pancreatic cancer, few data have been published on the role of MCs in angiogenesis in both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue (PDAT) and adjacent normal tissue (ANT). In this study, density of mast cells positive for c-Kit receptor (MCDP-c-KitR), density of mast cells positive for tryptase (MCDPT), area of mast cells positive for tryptase (MCAPT), and angiogenesis in terms of microvascular density (MVD) and endothelial area (EA) were evaluated in a total of 45 PDAT patients with stage T2–3N0–1M0. Results: For each analysed tissue parameter, the mean ± standard deviation was evaluated in both PDAT and ANT and differences were evaluated by Student’s t-test (p ranged from 0.001 to 0.005). Each analysed tissue parameter was then correlated to each other one by Pearson t-test analysis (p ranged from 0.01 to 0.03). No other correlation among MCDP-c-KitR, MCDPT, MCAPT, MVD, EA and the main clinical–pathological characteristics was found. Conclusions: Our results suggest that tissue parameters increased from ANT to PDAT and that mast cells are strongly associated with angiogenesis in PDAT. On this basis, the inhibition of MCs through tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as masitinib, or inhibition of tryptase by gabexate mesylate may become potential novel antiangiogenetic approaches in pancreatic cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Y, Wang Z, Li X, Ma X, Wang S, Kang F, Yang W, Ma W, Wang J. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Peptides with High Tumor Selectivity: Novel Probes for Image-Guided Surgical Resection of Orthotopic Glioma. Mol Pharm 2018; 16:108-117. [PMID: 30517013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The complete excision of glioblastomas with maximal retention of surrounding normal tissues can have a positive effect on the survival status and quality of life of patients. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) optical imaging of the tumor vasculature offers a noninvasive method for detection of early stage glioblastoma and efficient monitoring of therapeutic responses. The aim of this study was to develop a novel NIRF imaging probe as a visualization tool for image-guided surgical resection of orthotopic glioblastoma. In this study, Cy5.5-RKL, Cy5.5-NKL, and Cy5.5-DKL probes were successfully synthesized, and their properties were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, Cy5.5-RKL and Cy5.5-NKL were able to detect U87MG xenografts for at least 8 h post injection. The maximum tumor-to-muscle ratios of Cy5.5-RKL and Cy5.5-NKL were 7.65 ± 0.72 and 5.43 ± 0.72, respectively. Of the probes, Cy5.5-RKL displayed the best delineation of the boundaries between orthotopic glioblastomas and normal brain tissue at 8 h p.i. In conclusion, NIRF imaging using Cy5.5-RKL is promising not only for diagnostic purposes but also for use in image-guided surgery for orthotopic glioblastoma or other superficial tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Zhengjie Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400016 , China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Shuailiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Wenhui Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Clinical correlation of molecular (VEGF, FGF, PDGF, c-Myc, c-Kit, Ras, p53) expression in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:2719-2726. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
9
|
Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Mast Cells Positive to Tryptase Are Correlated with Angiogenesis in Surgically-Treated Gastric Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041176. [PMID: 29649166 PMCID: PMC5979483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells and macrophages can play a role in tumor angiogenesis by stimulating microvascular density (MVD). The density of mast cells positive to tryptase (MCDPT), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and MVD were evaluated in a series of 86 gastric cancer (GC) tissue samples from patients who had undergone potential curative surgery. MCDPT, TAMs, and MVD were assessed in tumor tissue (TT) and in adjacent normal tissue (ANT) by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Each of the above parameters was correlated with the others and, in particular for TT, with important clinico-pathological features. In TT, a significant correlation between MCDPT, TAMs, and MVD was found by Pearson t-test analysis (p ranged from 0.01 to 0.02). No correlation to the clinico-pathological features was found. A significant difference in terms of mean MCDPT, TAMs, and MVD between TT and ANT was found (p ranged from 0.001 to 0.002). Obtained data suggest MCDPT, TAMs, and MVD increased from ANT to TT. Interestingly, MCDPT and TAMs are linked in the tumor microenvironment and they play a role in GC angiogenesis in a synergistic manner. The assessment of the combination of MCDPT and TAMs could represent a surrogate marker of angiogenesis and could be evaluated as a target of novel anti-angiogenic therapies in GC patients.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play an important role in a variety of cellular processes including growth, motility, differentiation, and metabolism. As such, dysregulation of RTK signaling leads to an assortment of human diseases, most notably, cancers. Recent large-scale genomic studies have revealed the presence of various alterations in the genes encoding RTKs such as EGFR, HER2/ErbB2, and MET, amongst many others. Abnormal RTK activation in human cancers is mediated by four principal mechanisms: gain-of-function mutations, genomic amplification, chromosomal rearrangements, and / or autocrine activation. In this manuscript, we review the processes whereby RTKs are activated under normal physiological conditions and discuss several mechanisms whereby RTKs can be aberrantly activated in human cancers. Understanding of these mechanisms has important implications for selection of anti-cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfang Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Christine M Lovly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ranieri G, Ferrari C, Di Palo A, Marech I, Porcelli M, Falagario G, Ritrovato F, Ramunni L, Fanelli M, Rubini G, Gadaleta CD. Bevacizumab-Based Chemotherapy Combined with Regional Deep Capacitive Hyperthermia in Metastatic Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1458. [PMID: 28684680 PMCID: PMC5535949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As an angiogenesis inhibitor, bevacizumab has been investigated in combination with different chemotherapeutic agents, achieving an established role for metastatic cancer treatment. However, potential synergic anti-angiogenic effects of hyperthermia have not tested to date in literature. The aim of our study was to analyze efficacy, safety, and survival of anti-angiogenic-based chemotherapy associated to regional deep capacitive hyperthermia (HT) in metastatic cancer patients. Twenty-three patients with metastatic colorectal (n = 16), ovarian (n = 5), and breast (n = 2) cancer were treated with HT in addition to a standard bevacizumab-based chemotherapy regimen. Treatment response assessment was performed, according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (mRECIST), at 80 days (timepoint-1) and at 160 days (timepoint-2) after therapy. Disease Response Rate (DRR), considered as the proportion of patients who had the best response rating (complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD)), was assessed at timepoint-1 and timepoint-2. Chi-squared for linear trend test was performed to evaluated the association between response groups (R/NR) and the number of previous treatment (none, 1, 2, 3), number of chemotherapy cycles (<6, 6, 12, >12), number of hyperthermia sessions (<12, 12, 24, >24), and lines of chemotherapy (I, II). Survival curves were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. DRR was 85.7% and 72.2% at timepoint-1 and timepoint-2, respectively. HT was well tolerated without additional adverse effects on chemotherapy-related toxicity. Chi-squared for linear trend test demonstrated that the percentage of responders grew in relation to the number of chemotherapy cycles (p = 0.015) and to number of HT sessions (p < 0.001) performed. Both overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) were influenced by the number of chemotherapy cycles (p < 0.001) and HT sessions (p < 0.001) performed. Our preliminary data, that need to be confirmed in larger studies, suggest that the combined treatment of bevacizumab-based chemotherapy with HT has a favorable tumor response, is feasible and well tolerated, and offers a potentially promising option for metastatic cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Ranieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Cristina Ferrari
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Di Palo
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Marech
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Porcelli
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Gianmarco Falagario
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Ritrovato
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Luigi Ramunni
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Margherita Fanelli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Rubini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
English DP, Menderes G, Black J, Schwab CL, Santin AD. Molecular diagnosis and molecular profiling to detect treatment-resistant ovarian cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:769-82. [PMID: 27169329 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2016.1188692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epithelial ovarian cancer remains the gynecologic tumor with the highest rate of recurrence after initial optimal cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Unfortunately, with the development of recurrent ovarian cancer often comes the discovery of chemo-resistant disease. The absence of improvement in long term survival, notwithstanding the use of newer agents as is seen in other cancers, emphasizes the need for improved understanding of the processes that lead to chemo-resistant disease. AREAS COVERED This review will cover the following topics: 1. Molecular and cellular mechanisms in platinum and paclitaxel resistance 2. Other molecular mediators of chemo-resistance 3. Expression of stem cell markers in ovarian cancer and relationship to chemo-resistance 4. MicroRNA and long non-coding RNA expression in chemo-resistant ovarian cancer 5. Determination of chromosomal aberrations as markers of chemo-resistance 6. Molecular profiling in chemo-resistant disease. A standard MEDLINE search was performed using the key words; ovarian cancer, chemo-resistant disease, molecular profiling, cancer stem cells and chemotherapy. Expert Commentary: Over the next few years the challenge remains to precisely determine the mechanisms responsible for the onset and maintenance of chemo-resistance and to effectively target these mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana P English
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Gulden Menderes
- b Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jonathan Black
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Carlton L Schwab
- b Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- b Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ammendola M, Patruno R, Sacco R, Marech I, Sammarco G, Zuccalà V, Luposella M, Zizzo N, Gadaleta C, Porcelli M, Gadaleta CD, Ribatti D, Ranieri G. Mast cells positive to tryptase and tumour-associated macrophages correlate with angiogenesis in locally advanced colorectal cancer patients undergone to surgery. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:533-40. [PMID: 26914851 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1158811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The density of mast cells positive to tryptase (MCDPT) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were evaluated in a series of 87 patients with stage B and C colorectal cancer who had undergone radical surgery. METHODS MCDPT, TAMs, microvascular density (MVD), endothelial area (EA) and CD8(+) tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8(+) TILs) were evaluated in tumor tissue samples by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Each of the above parameters was correlated with the others and with the main clinico-pathological features. RESULTS A significant correlation between MCDPT, TAMs, MVD and EA was found by Pearson t-test analysis. With special references to the clinico-pathological features a minimal correlation using univariate analysis was found but it was not retained at multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MCDPT and TAMs are linked in the tumor microenvironment and play a role in CRC angiogenesis in a synergistic manner. The assessment of the combination MCDPT and TAMs could be evaluated as a target of novel anti-angiogenic therapies in colorectal cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ammendola
- a Department of Medical and Surgery Science, Clinical Surgery Unit , University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School , Catanzaro , Italy.,b Surgery Unit , National Cancer Research Centre, Giovanni Paolo II , Bari , Italy
| | - Rosa Patruno
- c Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology , National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II' , Bari , Italy
| | - Rosario Sacco
- a Department of Medical and Surgery Science, Clinical Surgery Unit , University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Ilaria Marech
- c Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology , National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II' , Bari , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sammarco
- a Department of Medical and Surgery Science, Clinical Surgery Unit , University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Valeria Zuccalà
- d Health Science Department, Pathology Unit , University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Maria Luposella
- e Department of Medical and Surgery Science, Cardiovascular Disease Unit , University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- f Chair of Pathology, Veterinary Medical School , University of Bari , Bari , Italy
| | - Claudia Gadaleta
- c Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology , National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II' , Bari , Italy
| | - Mariangela Porcelli
- c Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology , National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II' , Bari , Italy
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- c Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology , National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II' , Bari , Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- g Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs , University of Bari Medical School , Bari , Italy.,h National Cancer Institute 'Giovanni Paolo II' , Bari , Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- c Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology , National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II' , Bari , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang H, Zhang C, Ning Z, Xu L, Zhu X, Meng Z. Bufalin enhances anti-angiogenic effect of sorafenib via AKT/VEGF signaling. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1229-41. [PMID: 26782953 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib mainly exerts its anti-hepatoma effect by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. However, its curative effect is limited. Thus, application of drugs which could augment its anti-angiogenic effect is necessary. Bufalin has been reported to possess anticancer properties. In the present study, we investigated the synergistic anti-angiogenic effect of sorafenib combined with bufalin. The enhanced anti-angiogenic effect of the combination treatment was firstly assessed in nude mice bearing human HCC intradermal tumors. In addition, we found that proliferation was significantly inhibited and the morphology was obviously changed in the combination-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) at 48 h of treatment. In addition, the combination treatment was found to suppress vessel formation potently as proved in the tube formation, chick chorioallantoic membrane and rat aortic rings. Mechanistically, HUVEC incubated with the combination treatment showed increased apoptosis, decreased migration, which might account for its capacity against angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial cells have been reported to secrete cytokines to affect angiogenesis. Therefore, suspensions from HUVECs with different treatments were collected as conditioned medium (CM). The combination-treated CM significantly inhibited the migration of HUVEC and blood vessel formation in vitro. Importantly, multiple cytokines associated with angiogenesis were downregulated in the combination-treated CM. Furthermore, we verified that the secretion of VEGF was downregulated and revealed that the reduction might be regulated through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, our findings demonstrated for the first time that bufalin can enhance anti-angiogenic effect of sorafenib via modulating the AKT/VEGF signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyong Wang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chenyue Zhang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhouyu Ning
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Litao Xu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Suzuki S, Ichikawa Y, Nakagawa K, Kumamoto T, Mori R, Matsuyama R, Takeda K, Ota M, Tanaka K, Tamura T, Endo I. High infiltration of mast cells positive to tryptase predicts worse outcome following resection of colorectal liver metastases. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:840. [PMID: 26530140 PMCID: PMC4632336 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of tumor-infiltrating mast cells (MCs) predicts poor survival in several cancers after resection. However, its effect on the prognosis of patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is not known. METHODS Our retrospective study included 135 patients who underwent potentially curative resection for CRLM between 2001 and 2010. Expression of tryptase, MAC387, CD83, and CD31, which are markers for MCs, macrophages, mature dendritic cells, and vascular endothelial cells, respectively, was determined via immunohistochemistry of resected tumor specimens. The relationship between immune cell infiltration and long-term outcome was investigated. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 48.4 months for all patients and 57.5 months for survivors. Overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 91.0, 62.4, and 37.4 %, respectively. Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) and OS rates were 21.6 and 38.1 %, respectively, in patients with high MC infiltration, and 42.6 and 55.6 %, respectively, in patients with low MC infiltration (p < 0.01 for both DFS and OS). Infiltration of other types of immune cells did not correlate with survival. Multivariate analyses indicated that hypoalbuminemia and high peritumoral MC infiltration were significant predictors of unfavorable OS. CONCLUSION High peritumoral MC infiltration predicts poor prognosis in patients who underwent hepatectomy for CRLM. The number of MCs in metastatic lesions is important for predicting the prognosis of CRLM patients and as an indication of therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan. .,Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Ichikawa
- Department of Oncology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Kumamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Ryutaro Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Ryusei Matsuyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyoshi Ota
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Kuniya Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, 299-0111, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Leporini C, Ammendola M, Marech I, Sammarco G, Sacco R, Gadaleta CD, Oakley C, Russo E, De Sarro G, Ranieri G. Targeting mast cells in gastric cancer with special reference to bone metastases. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10493-10501. [PMID: 26457010 PMCID: PMC4588072 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i37.10493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases from gastric cancer (GC) are considered a relatively uncommon finding; however, they are related to poorer prognosis. Both primary GC and its metastatic progression rely on angiogenesis. Several lines of evidence from GC patients strongly support the involvement of mast cells (MCs) positive to tryptase (MCPT) in primary gastric tumor angiogenesis. Recently, we analyzed infiltrating MCs and neovascularization in bone tissue metastases from primary GC patients, and observed a significant correlation between infiltrating MCPT and angiogenesis. Such a finding suggested the involvement of peritumoral MCPT by infiltrating surrounding tumor cells, and in bone metastasis angiogenesis from primary GC. Thus, an MCPT-stimulated angiogenic process could support the development of metastases in bone tissue. From this perspective, we aim to review the hypothetical involvement of tumor-infiltrating, peritumoral MCPT in angiogenesis-mediated GC cell growth in the bone microenvironment and in tumor-induced osteoclastic bone resorption. We also focus on the potential use of MCPT targeting agents, such as MCs tryptase inhibitors (gabexate mesylate, nafamostat mesylate) or c-KitR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, masitinib), as possible new anti-angiogenic and anti-resorptive strategies for the treatment of GC patients affected by bone metastases.
Collapse
|
17
|
Marech I, Leporini C, Ammendola M, Porcelli M, Gadaleta CD, Russo E, De Sarro G, Ranieri G. Classical and non-classical proangiogenic factors as a target of antiangiogenic therapy in tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:216-26. [PMID: 26238184 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is sustained by classical and non-classical proangiogenic factors (PFs) acting in tumor microenvironment and these factors are also potential targets of antiangiogenic therapies. All PFs induce the overexpression of several signaling pathways that lead to migration and proliferation of endothelial cells contributing to tumor angiogenesis and survival of cancer cells. In this review, we have analyzed each PF with its specific receptor/s and we have summarized the available antiangiogenic drugs (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) targeting these PFs, some of these agents have already been approved, others are currently in development for the treatment of several human malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marech
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Christian Leporini
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariangela Porcelli
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Novel PI3K/AKT targeting anti-angiogenic activities of 4-vinylphenol, a new therapeutic potential of a well-known styrene metabolite. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11149. [PMID: 26053458 PMCID: PMC4459151 DOI: 10.1038/srep11149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pneumo- and hepato-toxicity of 4-vinylphenol (4VP), a styrene metabolite, has been previously reported. Nevertheless, the present study reported the novel anti-angiogenic activities of 4VP which was firstly isolated from the aqueous extract of a Chinese medicinal herb Hedyotis diffusa. Our results showed that 4VP at non-toxic dose effectively suppressed migration, tube formation, adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins, as well as protein and mRNA expressions of metalloproteinase-2 of human endothelial cells (HUVEC and HMEC-1). Investigation of the signal transduction revealed that 4VP down-regulated PI3K/AKT and p38 MAPK. Besides, 4VP interfered with the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, the translocation and expression of NFkappaB. In zebrafish embryo model, the new blood vessel growth was significantly blocked by 4VP (6.25–12.5 μg/mL medium). The VEGF-induced blood vessel formation in Matrigel plugs in C57BL/6 mice was suppressed by 4VP (20–100 μg/mL matrigel). In addition, the blood vessel number and tumor size were reduced by intraperitoneal 4VP (0.2–2 mg/kg) in 4T1 breast tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, with doxorubicin as positive control. Together, the in vitro and in vivo anti-angiogenic activities of 4VP were demonstrated for the first time. These findings suggest that 4VP has great potential to be further developed as an anti-angiogenic agent.
Collapse
|
19
|
Inhibition of angiogenesis by a synthetic fusion protein VTF derived from vasostatin and tumstatin. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 25:1044-51. [PMID: 24942148 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of angiogenesis represents a potential strategy for antitumor therapy. A novel synthetic fusion protein VTF, composed of bioactive fragments from two different angiogenesis inhibitors, vasostatin and tumstatin with a (Gly-Ser-Gly)2 bridge, was generated using the pET-15b expression vector. The fusion protein VTF showed significantly enhanced efficacy in inhibiting human endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation and neovascularization on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane. Moreover, VTF suppressed the growth of B16 melanoma and the formation of tumor blood vessels potently in vivo. These results indicated that the fusion protein containing the bioactive fragments of multiple angiogenesis inhibitors might be a promising therapeutic agent for tumor treatment.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ammendola M, Marech I, Sammarco G, Zuccalà V, Luposella M, Zizzo N, Patruno R, Crovace A, Ruggieri E, Zito AF, Gadaleta CD, Sacco R, Ranieri G. Infiltrating mast cells correlate with angiogenesis in bone metastases from gastric cancer patients. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:3237-50. [PMID: 25648323 PMCID: PMC4346892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16023237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While gastric cancer is a well established angiogenesis driven tumor, no data has been published regarding angiogenesis stimulated by mast cells (MCs) positive for tryptase in bone metastases from gastric cancer patients (BMGCP). It is well established that MCs play a role in immune responses and more recently it was demonstrated that MCs have been involved in tumor angiogenesis. We analyzed infiltrating MCs and neovascularization in BMGCP diagnosed by histology. A series of 15 stage T3-4N2-3M1 (by AJCC for Gastric Cancer Staging 7th Edition) BMGCP from bone biopsies were selected. Tumour tissue samples were evaluated by mean of immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods in terms of MCs density positive to tryptase (MCDPT), MCs area positive to tryptase (MCAPT), microvascular density (MVD) and endothelial area (EA). A significant correlation between MCDPT, MCAPT, MVD and EA groups to each other was found by Pearson and t-test analysis (r ranged from 0.68 to 0.82; p-value ranged from 0.00 to 0.02). Our very preliminary data suggest that infiltrating MCs positive for tryptase may play a role in BMGCP angiogenesis, and could be further evaluated as a novel target of anti-angiogenic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ammendola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
- Surgery Unit, National Cancer Research Centre Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", viale Orazio Flacco 65, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Marech
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", viale Orazio Flacco 65, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Sammarco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Valeria Zuccalà
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Maria Luposella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Chair of Pathology, Veterinary Medical School, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via Casamassima, Bari 70010, Italy.
| | - Rosa Patruno
- Chair of Pathology, Veterinary Medical School, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via Casamassima, Bari 70010, Italy.
| | - Alberto Crovace
- Chair of Pathology, Veterinary Medical School, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via Casamassima, Bari 70010, Italy.
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Veterinary Medical School, Università "Aldo Moro", Via Casamassima, Bari 70010, Italy.
| | - Eustachio Ruggieri
- Surgery Unit, National Cancer Research Centre Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", viale Orazio Flacco 65, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | | | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", viale Orazio Flacco 65, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Rosario Sacco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", viale Orazio Flacco 65, Bari 70124, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hong H, Chen F, Zhang Y, Cai W. New radiotracers for imaging of vascular targets in angiogenesis-related diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 76:2-20. [PMID: 25086372 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous advances over the last several decades in positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) allow for targeted imaging of molecular and cellular events in the living systems. Angiogenesis, a multistep process regulated by the network of different angiogenic factors, has attracted world-wide interests, due to its pivotal role in the formation and progression of different diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and inflammation. In this review article, we will summarize the recent progress in PET or SPECT imaging of a wide variety of vascular targets in three major angiogenesis-related diseases: cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation. Faster drug development and patient stratification for a specific therapy will become possible with the facilitation of PET or SPECT imaging and it will be critical for the maximum benefit of patients.
Collapse
|
22
|
Marech I, Gadaleta CD, Ranieri G. Possible prognostic and therapeutic significance of c-Kit expression, mast cell count and microvessel density in renal cell carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:13060-76. [PMID: 25056544 PMCID: PMC4139891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150713060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent renal tumor and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Tumor angiogenesis is known to play a crucial role in the etiopathogenesis of RCC and over the last few years an even deeper knowledge of its contribution in metastatic RCC development has led to the development of numerous molecular targeting agents (such as sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, tivozanib, and dovitinib). The above agents are principally directed against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) members and also against c-Kit receptor (c-KitR). The role of c-kitR inhibition on clear cell RCC (ccRCC), the main RCC subtype, is less well established. Whether c-kitR activation through its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF) contributes significantly to the effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment remains to be established. It is important to underscore that the c-KitR is expressed on mast cells (MCs) and cancer cells. After an examination of the c-KitR/SCF pathway, we review here the principal studies that have evaluated c-Kit expression in RCC. Moreover, we summarize some investigations that have observed the distribution of MCs in primary renal cancer and in adjacent normal tissue with appropriate histological immunohistochemical techniques. We also focus on few studies that have evaluated the correlation between RCC proliferation, MC count and microvessel density (MVD), as hallmarks of tumor angiogenesis. Thus, the aim of this review of the literature is to clarify if c-KitR expression, MC count and MVD could have prognostic significance and the possible predictive therapeutic implications in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marech
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Via Orazio Flacco n° 65, 70100 Bari, Italy.
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Via Orazio Flacco n° 65, 70100 Bari, Italy.
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Via Orazio Flacco n° 65, 70100 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Marech I, Ammendola M, Gadaleta C, Zizzo N, Oakley C, Gadaleta CD, Ranieri G. Possible biological and translational significance of mast cells density in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:8910-8920. [PMID: 25083063 PMCID: PMC4112891 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i27.8910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs), located ubiquitously near blood vessels, are descended from CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. Initially, although their role has been well defined in hypersensitivity reactions, the discovery of their sharing in both innate and adaptive immunity has allowed to redefine their crucial interplay on the regulatory function between inflammatory and tumor cells through the release of mediators granule-associated (mainly tryptase and vascular endothelial growth factor). In particular, in several animal and human malignancies it has been well demonstrated that activated c-Kit receptor (c-KitR) and tryptase (an agonist of the proteinase-activated receptor-2) take pivotal part in tumor angiogenesis after the MCs activation, contributing to tumor cells invasion and metastasis. In this review, we focused on crucial MCs density (MCD) role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression angiogenesis-mediated; then, we will analyze the principal studies that have focused on MCD as possible prognostic factor. Finally, we will consider a possible role of MCD as novel therapeutic target mainly by c-KitR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, masitinib) and tryptase inhibitors (gabexate and nafamostat mesylate) with the aim to prevent CRC progression.
Collapse
|
24
|
Shao Y, Liang W, Kang F, Yang W, Ma X, Li G, Zong S, Chen K, Wang J. A direct comparison of tumor angiogenesis with ⁶⁸Ga-labeled NGR and RGD peptides in HT-1080 tumor xenografts using microPET imaging. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2355-64. [PMID: 24990522 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peptides containing asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequence are being developed for tumor angiogenesis-targeted imaging and therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of NGR- and RGD-based probes for imaging tumor angiogenesis in HT-1080 tumor xenografts. Two PET probes, (68)Ga-NOTA-G₃-NGR2 and ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-G₃-RGD2, were successfully prepared. In vitro stability, partition coefficient, tumor cell binding, as well as in vivo biodistribution properties were also analyzed for both PET probes. The results revealed that the two probes were both hydrophilic and stable in vitro and in vivo, and they were excreted predominately and rapidly through the kidneys. For both probes, the higher tumor uptake and lower accumulation in vital organs were determined. No significant difference between two probes was observed in terms of tumor uptake and the in vivo biodistribution properties. We concluded that these two probes are promising in tumor angiogenesis imaging. ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-G₃-NGR2 has the potential as an alternative for PET imaging in patients with fibrosarcoma, and it may offer an opportunity to noninvasively monitor CD13-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Shao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mittal K, Ebos J, Rini B. Angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment: vascular endothelial growth factor and beyond. Semin Oncol 2014; 41:235-51. [PMID: 24787295 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME) has improved exponentially over the last few decades. In addition to traditional cytotoxic agents, anti-cancer strategies now include numerous molecular-targeted drugs that modulate distinct elements of the TME. Angiogenesis is an underlying promoter of tumor growth, invasion, and metastases. From traditional and emerging angiogenic cytokines and their receptors to novel immune checkpoint inhibitors, regulation of the tumor microenvironment is potentially key in countering tumor progression. In this article, an overview of the architecture of the TME and the orchestration of angiogenesis within the TME is provided. Additionally, traditional and novel angiogenic targets of current interest within the TME are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Mittal
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Cleveland, OH 44195.
| | - John Ebos
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Brian Rini
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Cleveland, OH 44195
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Marech I, Patruno R, Zizzo N, Gadaleta C, Introna M, Zito AF, Gadaleta CD, Ranieri G. Masitinib (AB1010), from canine tumor model to human clinical development: where we are? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 91:98-111. [PMID: 24405856 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Masitinib mesylate (AB1010) is a novel potent and selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, targeting mainly wild-type and mutated c-Kit receptor (c-KitR), Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor-alfa/beta (PDGFRa/ß), Lymphocyte-specific kinase (Lck), Lck/Yes-related protein (LYn), Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3) and Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK). It is the first anticancer therapy approved in veterinary medicine for the treatment of unresectable canine mast cell tumors (CMCTs), harboring activating c-KitR mutations, at dose of 12.5mg/kg once daily. Considering its anti-proliferative action, principally given by inhibiting the MCs c-KitR anti-angiogenic pathway that leads cancer progression, and its role as chemosensitizer, masitinib is under clinical investigation in several human malignancies (Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumors, acute myeloid leukemia, systemic mastocytosis, pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, ovarian and prostate cancer), which are characterized by similar canine c-KIT proto-oncogene mutations. Here, we analyze masitinib structure activity, its pharmacokinetics compared to imatinib, the c-KitR pathway referring to the most frequent c-KIT mutations sensitive or resistant to this novel drug compared to imatinib, and masitinib safety profile. We, also, explore preclinical and clinical (completed and ongoing) trials with the aim to emphasize as this recent anti-angiogenic therapy, at first approved in CMCTs and, currently in development for the treatment of several human neoplasms, could be represent a milestone in translational oncology, in which the murine experimental model of cancer research could be integrated by canine spontaneous tumor model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marech
- Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Patruno
- Department of Prevention and Animal Health, ASL BAT, Barletta, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Chair of Pathology, Veterinary Medical School, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Gadaleta
- Chair of Pathology, Veterinary Medical School, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Marcello Introna
- Chair of Pathology, Veterinary Medical School, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
El-Heliebi A, Kroneis T, Zöhrer E, Haybaeck J, Fischereder K, Kampel-Kettner K, Zigeuner R, Pock H, Riedl R, Stauber R, Geigl JB, Huppertz B, Sedlmayr P, Lackner C. Are morphological criteria sufficient for the identification of circulating tumor cells in renal cancer? J Transl Med 2013; 11:214. [PMID: 24044779 PMCID: PMC3848446 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Single circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or circulating tumor microemboli (CTMs) are potential biomarkers of renal cell cancer (RCC), however studies of CTCs/CTMs in RCC are limited. In this pilot study we aimed to evaluate a novel blood filtration technique suited for cytomorphological classification, immunocytochemical and molecular characterization of filtered, so called circulating non-hematologic cells (CNHCs) - putative CTCs/CTMs - in patients with RCC. Methods Blood of 40 patients with renal tumors was subjected to ScreenCell® filtration. CNHCs were classified according to cytomorphological criteria. Immunocytochemical analysis was performed with antibodies against CD45, CD31 and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX, a RCC marker). DNA of selected CNHCs and respective primary tumors was analysed by array-CGH. Results CNHC-clusters with malignant or uncertain malignant cytomorphological features - putative CTMs - were negative for CD45, positive for CD31, while only 6% were CAIX positive. Array-CGH revealed that 83% of malignant and uncertain malignant cells did represent with a balanced genome whereas 17% presented genomic DNA imbalances which did not match the aberrations of the primary tumors. Putative single CTCs were negative for CD45, 33% were positive for CD31 and 56% were positive for CAIX. Conclusions The majority of CNHC-clusters, putative CTMs, retrieved by ScreenCell® filtration may be of endothelial origin. Morphological criteria seem to be insufficient to distinguish malignant from non-malignant cells in renal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin El-Heliebi
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, Graz, 8036, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|