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Mehta PD, Sengar NPS, Pathak AK. 2-Azetidinone--a new profile of various pharmacological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5541-60. [PMID: 20970895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
2-azetidinone, a β-lactam four member heterocyclic compound involved in research aimed to evaluate new products that possess interesting biological activities. These compounds reported for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities. Successful introduction of aztreonam as a potent inhibitor of cephalosporinase and ezetimibe as a cholesterol absorption inhibitor proved potential of 2-azetidinone moiety. Subsequently 2-azetidinones were highlighted as a potent mechanism based inhibitor of several enzymes like human tryptase, chymase, thrombin, leukocyte elastase, human cytomegalovirus protease and serine protease enzyme. These derivatives also known to possess antitubercular, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-HIV, antiparkinsonian, antidiabetic and vasopressin V1a antagonist activity. The present review article focuses on the pharmacological profile of 2-azetidinones with their potential activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul D Mehta
- Department of Pharmacy, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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2
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Sperandio D, Tai VWF, Lohman J, Hirschbein B, Mendonca R, Lee CS, Spencer JR, Janc J, Nguyen M, Beltman J, Sprengeler P, Scheerens H, Lin T, Liu L, Gadre A, Kellogg A, Green MJ, McGrath ME. Novel, potent, selective, and orally bioavailable human βII-tryptase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4085-9. [PMID: 16725321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2006] [Revised: 04/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of novel [1,2,4]oxadiazoles and their structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the inhibition of tryptase and related serine proteases is presented. Elaboration of the P'-side afforded potent, selective, and orally bioavailable tryptase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sperandio
- Celera Genomics, 180 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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3
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Palmer JT, Rydzewski RM, Mendonca RV, Sperandio D, Spencer JR, Hirschbein BL, Lohman J, Beltman J, Nguyen M, Liu L. Design and synthesis of selective keto-1,2,4-oxadiazole-based tryptase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:3434-9. [PMID: 16644215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2006] [Revised: 03/31/2006] [Accepted: 04/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Using a scaleable, directed library approach based on orthogonally protected advanced intermediates, we have prepared a series of potent keto-1,2,4-oxadiazoles designed to explore the P(2) binding pocket of human mast cell tryptase, while building in a high degree of selectivity over human trypsin and other serine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Palmer
- Celera Genomics, 180 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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4
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Wong T, Groutas CS, Mohan S, Lai Z, Alliston KR, Vu N, Schechter NM, Groutas WC. 1,2,5-Thiadiazolidin-3-one 1,1-dioxide-based heterocyclic sulfides are potent inhibitors of human tryptase. Arch Biochem Biophys 2005; 436:1-7. [PMID: 15752703 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2005.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2004] [Revised: 01/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein the design, synthesis, and in vitro biochemical evaluation of a series of potent, time-dependent inhibitors of the mast cell-derived serine protease tryptase. The inhibitors were readily obtained by attaching various heterocyclic thiols, as well as a basic primary specificity residue P(1), to the 1,2,5-thiadiazolidin-3-one 1,1-dioxide scaffold. The inhibitors were found to be devoid of any inhibitory activity toward a neutral (elastase) or cysteine (papain) protease, however they were also fairly efficient inhibitors of bovine trypsin. The differential inhibition observed with trypsin suggests that enzyme selectivity can be optimized by exploiting differences in the S' subsites of the two enzymes. The results described herein demonstrate the versatility of the heterocyclic scaffold in fashioning mechanism-based inhibitors of neutral, basic, and acidic (chymo)trypsin-like serine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzutshin Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
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5
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Rice K, Spencer J. Inhibitors of human mast cell serine proteases and potential therapeutic applications. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.9.11.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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6
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Zhao G, Bolton SA, Kwon C, Hartl KS, Seiler SM, Slusarchyk WA, Sutton JC, Bisacchi GS. Synthesis of potent and selective 2-azepanone inhibitors of human tryptase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:309-12. [PMID: 14698147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The serine protease tryptase has been associated with a broad range of allergic and inflammatory diseases and, in particular, has been implicated as a critical mediator of asthma. The inhibition of tryptase therefore has the potential to be a valuable therapy for asthma. The synthesis, employing solution phase parallel methods, and SAR of a series of novel 2-azepanone tryptase inhibitors are presented. A member of this series, 8t, was identified as a potent inhibitor of human tryptase (IC(50)=38 nM) with selectivity >/=330-fold versus related serine proteases (trypsin, plasmin, uPA, tPA, APC, alpha-thrombin, and FXa) [corrected].
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Zhao
- The Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, PO Box 5400, Princeton, NJ 08543-5400, USA.
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7
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Sutton JC, Bolton SA, Davis ME, Hartl KS, Jacobson B, Mathur A, Ogletree ML, Slusarchyk WA, Zahler R, Seiler SM, Bisacchi GS. Solid-phase synthesis and SAR of 4-carboxy-2-azetidinone mechanism-based tryptase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:2233-9. [PMID: 15081015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2003] [Revised: 02/01/2004] [Accepted: 02/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of nonguanidine N1-activated C4-carboxy azetidinone tryptase inhibitors was prepared by solid-phase methodology to quickly assess the SAR associated with distal functionality on the N1-activating group. From these studies, potent inhibitors with improved specificity were discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Sutton
- The Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, PO Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA.
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8
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Bisacchi GS, Slusarchyk WA, Bolton SA, Hartl KS, Jacobs G, Mathur A, Meng W, Ogletree ML, Pi Z, Sutton JC, Treuner U, Zahler R, Zhao G, Seiler SM. Synthesis of potent and highly selective nonguanidine azetidinone inhibitors of human tryptase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:2227-31. [PMID: 15081014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2003] [Revised: 02/01/2004] [Accepted: 02/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Azetidinones such as BMS-363131 (2) and BMS-363130 (3), which contain a guanidine group in the C-3 side chain were previously shown to be very potent inhibitors of human tryptase with high selectivity versus other serine proteases, including trypsin. In this letter, we describe the discovery of a number of potent azetidinone tryptase inhibitors in which the guanidine moiety at the ring C-3 position is replaced with primary or secondary amine or aminopyridine functionality. In particular, BMS-354326 (4) is a highly potent tryptase inhibitor (IC(50)=1.8 nM), which has excellent selectivity against trypsin and most other related serine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Bisacchi
- The Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, PO Box 5400, Princeton, NJ 08543-5400, USA.
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9
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Sutton JC, Bolton SA, Hartl KS, Huang MH, Jacobs G, Meng W, Ogletree ML, Pi Z, Schumacher WA, Seiler SM, Slusarchyk WA, Treuner U, Zahler R, Zhao G, Bisacchi GS. Synthesis and SAR of 4-carboxy-2-azetidinone mechanism-based tryptase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:3229-33. [PMID: 12372540 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of N1-activated C4-carboxy azetidinones was prepared and tested as inhibitors of human tryptase. The key stereochemical and functional features required for potency, serine protease specificity and aqueous stability were determined. From these studies compound 2, BMS-262084, was identified as a potent and selective tryptase inhibitor which, when dosed intratracheally in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs, reduced allergen-induced bronchoconstriction and inflammatory cell infiltration into the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Sutton
- The Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, PO Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA.
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10
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Slusarchyk WA, Bolton SA, Hartl KS, Huang MH, Jacobs G, Meng W, Ogletree ML, Pi Z, Schumacher WA, Seiler SM, Sutton JC, Treuner U, Zahler R, Zhao G, Bisacchi GS. Synthesis of potent and highly selective inhibitors of human tryptase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:3235-8. [PMID: 12372541 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00689-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The serine protease tryptase has been implicated in allergic and inflammatory diseases and associated with asthma. The synthesis and SAR of a series of N1-activated-4-carboxy azetidinones are described, resulting in identification of BMS-363131 (2) as a potent inhibitor of human tryptase (IC(50)<1.7 nM) with high selectivity (>3000-fold) for tryptase versus related serine proteases including trypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Slusarchyk
- The Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, PO Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA.
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11
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Dener JM, Wang VR, Rice KD, Gangloff AR, Kuo EY, Newcomb WS, Putnam D, Wong M. Monocharged inhibitors of mast cell tryptase derived from potent and selective dibasic inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2325-30. [PMID: 11527724 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Truncation of potent and selective dibasic inhibitors afforded monocharged inhibitors of human mast-cell tryptase. Using two classes of analogues as lead structures, several monocharged derivatives were identified with K(i) values ranging from 0.084 to 0.21 microM against the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Dener
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Axys Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 180 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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12
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Dener JM, Rice KD, Newcomb WS, Wang VR, Young WB, Gangloff AR, Kuo EY, Cregar L, Putnam D, Wong M. Dibasic inhibitors of human mast cell tryptase. Part 3: identification of a series of potent and selective inhibitors containing the benzamidine functionality. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1629-33. [PMID: 11425524 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A survey of charged groups and linkers for a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical dibasic inhibitors is described, leading to several classes of potent and selective inhibitors. In particular, the benzamidine functionality was identified as the most potent charged group investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Dener
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Enzymology, Axys Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 180 Kimball Way, South 94080, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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13
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Rice KD, Wang VR, Gangloff AR, Kuo EY, Dener JM, Newcomb WS, Young WB, Putnam D, Cregar L, Wong M, Simpson PJ. Dibasic inhibitors of human mast cell tryptase. Part 2: structure-activity relationships and requirements for potent activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:2361-6. [PMID: 11055356 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00485-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Detailed structure activity relationships (SARs) for a series of dibasic human tryptase inhibitors are presented. The structural requirements for potent inhibitory activity are remarkably broad with a range of core template modifications being well tolerated. Optimized inhibitors demonstrate potent anti-asthmatic activity in a sheep model of allergic asthma. APC-2059, a dibasic tryptase inhibitor with subnanomolar activity, has been advanced to phase II clinical trials for the treatment of both psoriasis and ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Rice
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Axys Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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