1
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Fox CA, Ryan RO. Studies of the cardiolipin interactome. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 88:101195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Kostyurina E, Allgaier J, Kruteva M, Frielinghaus H, Csiszár A, Förster S, Biehl R. Passive Macromolecular Translocation Mechanism through Lipid Membranes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15348-15354. [PMID: 35951721 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The translocation of biologically active macromolecules through cell membranes is of vital importance for cells and is a key process for drug delivery. Proteins exploit specific conformational changes in their secondary structure to facilitate membrane translocation. For the large class of biological and synthetic macromolecules, where such conformational adaptions are not possible, guidelines to tailor the structure of monomers and macromolecules to aid membrane translocation and cross-membrane drug delivery would be highly desirable. Here, we use alternating amphiphilic macromolecules to systematically investigate the relation between polarity, polymer chain length, lipid chain length, polymer concentration, and temperature on membrane partition and translocation rate. We employed pulse field gradient NMR and confocal fluorescence microscopy to determine membrane adsorption and desorption rate constants and partitioning coefficients. We find that translocation is a two-step process involving a fast adsorption and membrane insertion process and a slower desorption process. Membrane insertion is a key step that determines the molecular weight, concentration, and temperature dependences. Passive translocation is possible on time scales from minutes to hours. Macromolecules with different adapted hydrophilic/hydrophobic comonomer sequences show the same translocation rate, indicating that common optimized translocation conditions can be realized with a variety of monomer chemical structures. The investigated copolymers are biocompatible, biodegradable, and capable of transporting a hydrophobic payload through the lipid membrane. This detailed understanding of the macromolecular translocation mechanism enables to better tailor the delivery of active agents using macromolecular carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Kostyurina
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Allgaier
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Margarita Kruteva
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Henrich Frielinghaus
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Agnes Csiszár
- Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Förster
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany.,Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Ralf Biehl
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
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Bariwal J, Ma H, Altenberg GA, Liang H. Nanodiscs: a versatile nanocarrier platform for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1702-1728. [PMID: 35156110 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapy is a significant challenge due to insufficient drug delivery to the cancer cells and non-selective killing of healthy cells by most chemotherapy agents. Nano-formulations have shown great promise for targeted drug delivery with improved efficiency. The shape and size of nanocarriers significantly affect their transport inside the body and internalization into the cancer cells. Non-spherical nanoparticles have shown prolonged blood circulation half-lives and higher cellular internalization frequency than spherical ones. Nanodiscs are desirable nano-formulations that demonstrate enhanced anisotropic character and versatile functionalization potential. Here, we review the recent development of theranostic nanodiscs for cancer mitigation ranging from traditional lipid nanodiscs encased by membrane scaffold proteins to newer nanodiscs where either the membrane scaffold proteins or the lipid bilayers themselves are replaced with their synthetic analogues. We first discuss early cancer detection enabled by nanodiscs. We then explain different strategies that have been explored to carry a wide range of payloads for chemotherapy, cancer gene therapy, and cancer vaccines. Finally, we discuss recent progress on organic-inorganic hybrid nanodiscs and polymer nanodiscs that have the potential to overcome the inherent instability problem of lipid nanodiscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Bariwal
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Hairong Ma
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Guillermo A Altenberg
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Hongjun Liang
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Lethcoe K, Fox CA, Ryan RO. Foam fractionation of a recombinant biosurfactant apolipoprotein. J Biotechnol 2022; 343:25-31. [PMID: 34808251 PMCID: PMC8714704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Locusta migratoria apolipophorin III (apoLp-III) possesses the ability to exist as a water soluble amphipathic α-helix bundle and a lipid surface seeking apolipoprotein. The intrinsic ability of apoLp-III to transform phospholipid vesicles into reconstituted discoidal high-density lipoproteins (rHDL) has led to myriad applications. To improve the yield of recombinant apoLp-III, studies were performed in a bioreactor. Induction of apoLp-III expression generated a protein product that is secreted from E. coli into the culture medium. Interaction of apoLp-III with gas and liquid components in media produced large quantities of thick foam. A continuous foam fractionation process yielded a foamate containing apoLp-III as the sole major protein component. The yield of recombinant apoLp-III was ~0.2 g / liter bacterial culture. Mass spectrometry analysis verified the identity of the target protein and indicated no modifications or changes to apoLp-III occurred as a result of foam fractionation. The functional ability of apoLp-III to induce rHDL formation was evaluated by incubating foam fractionated apoLp-III with phosphatidylcholine vesicles. FPLC size exclusion chromatography revealed a single major population of particles in the size range of rHDL. The results described offer a novel approach to bioreactor-based apoLp-III production that takes advantage of its intrinsic biosurfactant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Lethcoe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Colin A Fox
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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Moschetti A, Fox CA, McGowen S, Ryan RO. Lutein nanodisks protect human retinal pigment epithelial cells from UV light-induced damage. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:955022. [PMID: 36686279 PMCID: PMC9851610 DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.955022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrophobic carotenoid, lutein, was conferred with aqueous solubility upon formulation into reconstituted discoidal high density lipoprotein particles, termed lutein nanodisks (ND). When formulated with phosphatidylcholine (PC), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and lutein (formulation ratio = 5 mg PC/2 mg apoA-I/1 mg lutein), lutein solubilization efficiency in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was ~90%. The UV/Vis absorbance maxima for lutein ND in PBS were red shifted by 6-13 nm versus the corresponding lutein absorbance maxima in ethanol. FPLC gel filtration chromatography gave rise to a single major absorbance peak in the size range of ND. Incubation of cultured ARPE-19 cells with lutein ND resulted in lutein uptake, as determined by HPLC analysis of cell extracts. Compared to control incubations, ARPE-19 cells incubated with lutein ND were protected from UV light-induced loss of cell viability. Consistent with this, reactive oxygen species generation, induced by exposure to UV irradiation, was lower in lutein-enriched cells than in control cells. Thus, uptake of ND-associated lutein protects ARPE-19 cells from UV light-induced damage. Taken together, the data indicate ND provide an aqueous lutein delivery vehicle for biotechnological or therapeutic applications.
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Retinoids Delivery Systems in Cancer: Liposomal Fenretinide for Neuroectodermal-Derived Tumors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090854. [PMID: 34577553 PMCID: PMC8466194 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoids are a class of natural and synthetic compounds derived from vitamin A. They are involved in several biological processes like embryogenesis, reproduction, vision, growth, inflammation, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. In light of their important functions, retinoids have been widely investigated for their therapeutic applications. Thus far, their use for the treatment of several types of cancer and skin disorders has been reported. However, these therapeutic agents present several limitations for their widespread clinical translatability, i.e., poor solubility and chemical instability in water, sensitivity to light, heat, and oxygen, and low bioavailability. These characteristics result in internalization into target cells and tissues only at low concentration and, consequently, at an unsatisfactory therapeutic dose. Furthermore, the administration of retinoids causes severe side-effects. Thus, in order to improve their pharmacological properties and circulating half-life, while minimizing their off-target uptake, various retinoids delivery systems have been recently developed. This review intends to provide examples of retinoids-loaded nano-delivery systems for cancer treatment. In particular, the use and the therapeutic results obtained by using fenretinide-loaded liposomes against neuroectodermal-derived tumors, such as melanoma, in adults, and neuroblastoma, the most common extra-cranial solid tumor of childhood, will be discussed.
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Oh H, Jung Y, Moon S, Hwang J, Ban C, Chung J, Chung WJ, Kweon DH. Development of End-Spliced Dimeric Nanodiscs for the Improved Virucidal Activity of a Nanoperforator. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36757-36768. [PMID: 34319090 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-bilayer nanodiscs (NDs) wrapped in membrane scaffold proteins (MSPs) have primarily been used to study membrane proteins of interest in a physiological environment. Recently, NDs have been employed in broader applications including drug delivery, cancer immunotherapy, bio-imaging, and therapeutic virucides. Here, we developed a method to synthesize a dimeric nanodisc, whose MSPs are circularly end-spliced, with long-term thermal stability and resistance to aggregation. The end-spliced nanodiscs (esNDs) were assembled using MSPs that were self-circularized inside the cytoplasm ofEscherichia colivia highly efficient protein trans-splicing. The esNDs demonstrated a consistent size and 4-5-fold higher stability against heat and aggregation than conventional NDs. Moreover, cysteine residues on trans-spliced circularized MSPs allowed us to modulate the formation of either monomeric nanodiscs (essNDs) or dimeric nanodiscs (esdNDs) by controlling the oxidation/reduction conditions and lipid-to-protein ratios. When the esdNDs were used to prepare an antiviral nanoperforator that induced the disruption of the viral membrane upon contact, antiviral activity was dramatically increased, suggesting that the dimerization of nanodiscs led to cooperativity between linked nanodiscs. We expect that controllable structures, long-term stability, and aggregation resistance of esNDs will aid the development of novel versatile membrane-mimetic nanomaterials with flexible designs and improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseok Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghun Jung
- Institute of Biomolecular Control, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokoh Moon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeon Hwang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongjin Ban
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyo Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jae Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kweon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Fox CA, Moschetti A, Ryan RO. Reconstituted HDL as a therapeutic delivery device. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:159025. [PMID: 34375767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Studies of "pre β" high density lipoprotein (HDL) and reconstituted HDL (rHDL) have contributed to our understanding of the Reverse Cholesterol Transport pathway. The relative ease with which discoidal rHDL can be generated in vitro has led to novel applications including a) infusion of rHDL into patients to promote regression of atherosclerosis; b) use of rHDL as a miniature membrane for integration of transmembrane proteins in a native-like conformation and c) incorporation of hydrophobic bioactive molecules into rHDL, creating a delivery device. The present review is focused on bioactive agent containing rHDL. The broad array of hydrophobic bioactive molecules successfully incorporated into these particles is discussed, as well as the use of natural lipids and synthetic lipid analogs to confer distinctive binding activity. This technology remains in its infancy with the full potential of these simple, yet elegant, nanoparticles still to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin A Fox
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States of America
| | - Anthony Moschetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States of America
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States of America.
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Moschetti A, Dagda RK, Ryan RO. Coenzyme Q nanodisks counteract the effect of statins on C2C12 myotubes. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102439. [PMID: 34256063 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Depletion of coenzyme Q (CoQ) is associated with disease, ranging from myopathy to heart failure. To induce a CoQ deficit, C2C12 myotubes were incubated with high dose simvastatin. This resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of cell viability. Simvastatin-induced effects were prevented by co-incubation with mevalonic acid. When myotubes were incubated with 60 μM simvastatin, mitochondrial CoQ content decreased while co-incubation with CoQ nanodisks (ND) increased mitochondrial CoQ levels and improved cell viability. Incubation of myotubes with simvastatin also led to a reduction in oxygen consumption rate (OCR). When myotubes were co-incubated with simvastatin and CoQ ND, the decline in OCR was ameliorated. The data indicate that CoQ ND represent a water soluble vehicle capable of delivering CoQ to cultured myotubes. Thus, these biocompatible nanoparticles have the potential to bypass poor CoQ oral bioavailability as a treatment option for individuals with severe CoQ deficiency syndromes and/or aging-related CoQ depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Moschetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV
| | - Ruben K Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV.
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Borges GSM, Lima FA, Carneiro G, Goulart GAC, Ferreira LAM. All-trans retinoic acid in anticancer therapy: how nanotechnology can enhance its efficacy and resolve its drawbacks. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1335-1354. [PMID: 33896323 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1919619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, tretinoin) is the main drug used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Despite its impressive activity against APL, the same could not be clinically observed in other types of cancer. Nanotechnology can be a tool to enhance ATRA anticancer efficacy and resolve its drawbacks in APL as well as in other malignancies.Areas covered: This review covers ATRA use in APL and non-APL cancers, the problems that were found in ATRA therapy and how nanoencapsulation can aid to circumvent them. Pre-clinical results obtained with nanoencapsulated ATRA are shown as well as the two ATRA products based on nanotechnology that were clinically tested: ATRA-IV® and Apealea®.Expert opinion: ATRA presents interesting properties to be used in anticancer therapy with a notorious differentiation and antimetastatic activity. Bioavailability and resistance limitations impair the use of ATRA in non-APL cancers. Nanotechnology can circumvent these issues and provide tools to enhance its anticancer activities, such as co-loading of multiple drug and active targeting to tumor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Silva Marques Borges
- Departamento De Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade De Farmácia, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávia Alves Lima
- Departamento De Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade De Farmácia, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Carneiro
- Departamento De Farmácia, Faculdade De Ciências Biológicas E Da Saúde, Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Gisele Assis Castro Goulart
- Departamento De Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade De Farmácia, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas Antônio Miranda Ferreira
- Departamento De Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade De Farmácia, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Gupta A, Sharma R, Kuche K, Jain S. Exploring the therapeutic potential of the bioinspired reconstituted high density lipoprotein nanostructures. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tanaka M, Miyake H, Oka S, Maeda S, Iwasaki K, Mukai T. Effects of charged lipids on the physicochemical and biological properties of lipid–styrene maleic acid copolymer discoidal particles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Moschetti A, Vine LN, Lethcoe K, Dagda RK, Ellison P, Ryan RO. Assembly and Characterization of Biocompatible Coenzyme Q 10 -Enriched Lipid Nanoparticles. Lipids 2020; 55:141-149. [PMID: 32074388 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 ) is a strongly hydrophobic lipid that functions in the electron transport chain and as an antioxidant. CoQ10 was conferred with aqueous solubility by incorporation into nanoparticles containing phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I. These particles, termed CoQ10 nanodisks (ND), contain 1.0 mg CoQ10 /5 mg PtdCho/2 mg apoA-I (97% CoQ10 solubilization efficiency). UV/Vis absorbance spectroscopy of CoQ10 ND revealed a characteristic absorbance peak centered at 275 nm. Incorporation of CoQ10 into ND resulted in quenching of apoA-I tryptophan fluorescence emission. Gel filtration chromatography of CoQ10 ND gave rise to a single major absorbance peak and HPLC of material extracted from this peak confirmed the presence of CoQ10 . Incubation of cultured cells with CoQ10 ND, but not empty ND, resulted in a significant increase in the CoQ10 content of mitochondria as well as enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, as observed by a ~24% increase in maximal oxygen consumption rate. Collectively, a facile method to solubilize significant quantities of CoQ10 in lipid nanoparticles has been developed. The availability of CoQ10 ND provides a novel means to investigate biochemical aspects of CoQ10 uptake by cells and/or administer it to subjects deficient in this key lipid as a result of inborn errors of metabolism, statin therapy, or otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Moschetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Lucas N Vine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Kyle Lethcoe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Ruben K Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Patricia Ellison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
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Okotrub KA, Zykova VA, Adichtchev SV, Surovtsev NV. Deciphering the orientation of lipid molecules by principal component analysis of Raman mapping data. Analyst 2020; 145:1466-1472. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01499c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy reveals the orientational ordering of dry and hydrated phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin A. Okotrub
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
| | - Valeriya A. Zykova
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
| | - Sergey V. Adichtchev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
| | - Nikolay V. Surovtsev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
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15
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Kim H, Nobeyama T, Honda S, Yasuda K, Morone N, Murakami T. Membrane fusogenic high-density lipoprotein nanoparticles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:183008. [PMID: 31207206 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fusion under mildly acidic pH occurs naturally during viral infection in cells and has been exploited in the field of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery to circumvent endosomal entrapment of the cargo. Herein, we aimed to confer virus-like fusogenic activity to HDL in the form of a ca. 10-nm disc comprising a discoidal lipid bilayer and two copies of a lipid-binding protein at the edge. A series of HDL mutants were prepared with a mixture of three lipids and a cell-penetrating peptide (TAT, penetratin, or Arg8) fused to the protein. In a lipid-mixing assay with anionic liposomes at pH 5.5, one HDL mutant showed the fusogenic activity higher than known fusogenic liposomes. In live mammalian cells, this HDL mutant showed high plasma membrane-binding activity in the presence of serum independent of pH. In the absence of serum, a mildly acidic pH dependency for binding to the plasma membrane and the subsequent lipid mixing between them was observed for this mutant. We propose a novel strategy to develop HDL-based drug carriers by taking advantage of the HDL lipid/protein composite structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjin Kim
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study (KUIAS), Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nobeyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Honda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kaori Yasuda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Morone
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Tatsuya Murakami
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study (KUIAS), Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
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Kong B, Moon S, Kim Y, Heo P, Jung Y, Yu SH, Chung J, Ban C, Kim YH, Kim P, Hwang BJ, Chung WJ, Shin YK, Seong BL, Kweon DH. Virucidal nano-perforator of viral membrane trapping viral RNAs in the endosome. Nat Commun 2019; 10:185. [PMID: 30643128 PMCID: PMC6331592 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-disrupting agents that selectively target virus versus host membranes could potentially inhibit a broad-spectrum of enveloped viruses, but currently such antivirals are lacking. Here, we develop a nanodisc incorporated with a decoy virus receptor that inhibits virus infection. Mechanistically, nanodiscs carrying the viral receptor sialic acid bind to influenza virions and are co-endocytosed into host cells. At low pH in the endosome, the nanodiscs rupture the viral envelope, trapping viral RNAs inside the endolysosome for enzymatic decomposition. In contrast, liposomes containing a decoy receptor show weak antiviral activity due to the lack of membrane disruption. The nanodiscs inhibit influenza virus infection and reduce morbidity and mortality in a mouse model. Our results suggest a new class of antivirals applicable to other enveloped viruses that cause irreversible physical damage specifically to virus envelope by viruses' own fusion machine. In conclusion, the lipid nanostructure provides another dimension for antiviral activity of decoy molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoungjae Kong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokoh Moon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul Heo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghun Jung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hyeon Yu
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyo Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongjin Ban
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jeung Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jae Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyun Shin
- Department of Biochemistry Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Baik Lin Seong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kweon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea. .,Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Ikon N, Hsu FF, Shearer J, Forte TM, Ryan RO. Evaluation of cardiolipin nanodisks as lipid replacement therapy for Barth syndrome. J Biomed Res 2018; 32:107-112. [PMID: 29336355 PMCID: PMC5895564 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.32.20170094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a mitochondrial disorder characterized by cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle weakness. Disease results from mutations in the tafazzin (TAZ) gene, encoding a phospholipid transacylase. Defective tafazzin activity results in an aberrant cardiolipin (CL) profile. The feasibility of restoring the intracellular CL profile was tested by in vivo administration of exogenous CL in nanodisk (ND) delivery particles. Ninety mg/kg CL (as ND) was administered to doxycycline-inducible taz shRNA knockdown (KD) mice once a week. After 10 weeks of CL-ND treatment, the mice were sacrificed and tissues harvested. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of extracted lipids revealed that CL-ND administration failed to alter the CL profile of taz KD or WT mice. Thus, although CL-ND were previously shown to be an effective means of delivering CL to cultured cells, this effect does not extend to an in vivo setting. We conclude that CL-ND administration is not a suitable therapy option for BTHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Ikon
- . Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- . Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jennifer Shearer
- . Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Trudy M. Forte
- . Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Robert O. Ryan
- . Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
- . Department of Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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18
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Polymer Nanodiscs: Discoidal Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Membranes as a New Platform for Membrane Proteins. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15227. [PMID: 29123151 PMCID: PMC5680229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanodiscs are playing increasingly important roles in studies of the structure and function of membrane proteins. Development of lipid nanodiscs as a membrane-protein-supporting platform, or a drug targeting and delivery vehicle in general, is undermined by the fluidic and labile nature of lipid bilayers. Here, we report the discovery of polymer nanodiscs, i.e., discoidal amphiphilic block copolymer membrane patches encased within membrane scaffold proteins, as a novel two-dimensional nanomembrane that maintains the advantages of lipid nanodiscs while addressing their weaknesses. Using MsbA, a bacterial ATP-binding cassette transporter as a membrane protein prototype, we show that the protein can be reconstituted into the polymer nanodiscs in an active state. As with lipid nanodiscs, reconstitution of detergent-solubilized MsbA into the polymer nanodiscs significantly enhances its activity. In contrast to lipid nanodiscs that undergo time- and temperature-dependent structural changes, the polymer nanodiscs experience negligible structural evolution under similar environmental stresses, revealing a critically important property for the development of nanodisc-based characterization methodologies or biotechnologies. We expect that the higher mechanical and chemical stability of block copolymer membranes and their chemical versatility for adaptation will open new opportunities for applications built upon diverse membrane protein functions, or involved with drug targeting and delivery.
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19
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Ravula T, Hardin NZ, Ramadugu SK, Ramamoorthy A. pH Tunable and Divalent Metal Ion Tolerant Polymer Lipid Nanodiscs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10655-10662. [PMID: 28920693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The development and applications of detergent-free membrane mimetics have been the focus for the high-resolution structural and functional studies on membrane proteins. The introduction of lipid nanodiscs has attracted new attention toward the structural biology of membrane proteins and also enabled biomedical applications. Lipid nanodiscs provide a native lipid bilayer environment similar to the cell membrane surrounded by a belt made up of proteins or peptides. Recent studies have shown that the hydrolyzed form of styrene maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) has the ability to form lipid nanodiscs and has several advantages over protein or peptide based nanodiscs. SMA polymer lipid nanodiscs have become very important for structural biology and nanobiotechnological applications. However, applications of the presently available polymer nanodiscs are limited by their instability toward divalent metal ions and acidic conditions. To overcome the limitations of SMA nanodiscs and to broaden the potential applications of polymer nanodiscs, the present study investigates the tunability of SMA polymer nanodiscs by systematically modifying the maleic acid functional group. The two newly developed polymers and subsequent lipid nanodiscs were characterized using solid-state NMR, FT-IR, TEM, and DLS experiments. The pH dependence and metal ion stability of these nanodiscs were studied using static light scattering and FTIR. The reported polymer nanodiscs exhibit unique pH dependent stability based on the modified functional group and show a high tolerance toward divalent metal ions. We also show these tunable nanodiscs can be used to encapsulate and stabilize a polyphenolic natural product curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirupathi Ravula
- Biophysics Program and Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Nathaniel Z Hardin
- Biophysics Program and Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Sudheer Kumar Ramadugu
- Biophysics Program and Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics Program and Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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20
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Abstract
Membrane proteins play a most important part in metabolism, signaling, cell motility, transport, development, and many other biochemical and biophysical processes which constitute fundamentals of life on the molecular level. Detailed understanding of these processes is necessary for the progress of life sciences and biomedical applications. Nanodiscs provide a new and powerful tool for a broad spectrum of biochemical and biophysical studies of membrane proteins and are commonly acknowledged as an optimal membrane mimetic system that provides control over size, composition, and specific functional modifications on the nanometer scale. In this review we attempted to combine a comprehensive list of various applications of nanodisc technology with systematic analysis of the most attractive features of this system and advantages provided by nanodiscs for structural and mechanistic studies of membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilia G Denisov
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Stephen G Sligar
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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21
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Ikon N, Shearer J, Liu J, Tran JJ, Feng S, Kamei A, Beckstead JA, Kiss RS, Weers PM, Ren G, Ryan RO. A facile method for isolation of recombinant human apolipoprotein A-I from E. coli. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 134:18-24. [PMID: 28336201 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I is the major protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and plays key roles in the Reverse Cholesterol Transport pathway. In the past decade, reconstituted HDL (rHDL) has been employed as a therapeutic agent for treatment of atherosclerosis. The ability of rHDL to promote cholesterol efflux from peripheral cells has been documented to reduce the size of atherosclerotic plaque lesions. However, development of apoA-I rHDL-based therapeutics for human use requires a cost effective process to generate an apoA-I product that meets "Good Manufacturing Practice" standards. Methods available for production and isolation of unmodified recombinant human apoA-I at scale are cumbersome, laborious and complex. To overcome this obstacle, a streamlined two-step procedure has been devised for isolation of recombinant untagged human apoA-I from E. coli that takes advantage of its ability to re-fold to a native conformation following denaturation. Heat treatment of a sonicated E. coli supernatant fraction induced precipitation of a large proportion of host cell proteins (HCP), yielding apoA-I as the major soluble protein. Reversed-phase HPLC of this material permitted recovery of apoA-I largely free of HCP and endotoxin. Purified apoA-I possessed α-helix secondary structure, formed rHDL upon incubation with phospholipid and efficiently promoted cholesterol efflux from cholesterol loaded J774 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Ikon
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA
| | - Jennifer Shearer
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA
| | - Jianfang Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA
| | - Jesse J Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach 1250, Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
| | - ShiBo Feng
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, EM1.2220, 1001 Boul Decarie, Montreal, QCH4A 3J1 Canada
| | - Ayako Kamei
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA
| | - Jennifer A Beckstead
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA
| | - Robert S Kiss
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, EM1.2220, 1001 Boul Decarie, Montreal, QCH4A 3J1 Canada
| | - Paul M Weers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach 1250, Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
| | - Gang Ren
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA.
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22
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Lalefar NR, Witkowski A, Simonsen JB, Ryan RO. Wnt3a nanodisks promote ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:66. [PMID: 27553039 PMCID: PMC4995738 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt proteins modulate development, stem cell fate and cancer through interactions with cell surface receptors. Wnts are cysteine-rich, glycosylated, lipid modified, two domain proteins that are prone to aggregation. The culprit responsible for this behavior is a covalently bound palmitoleoyl moiety in the N-terminal domain. RESULTS By combining murine Wnt3a with phospholipid and apolipoprotein A-I, ternary complexes termed nanodisks (ND) were generated. ND-associated Wnt3a is soluble in the absence of detergent micelles and gel filtration chromatography revealed that Wnt3a co-elutes with ND. In signaling assays, Wnt3a ND induced β-catenin stabilization in mouse fibroblasts as well as hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). Prolonged exposure of HSPC to Wnt3a ND stimulated proliferation and expansion of Lin(-) Sca-1(+) c-Kit(+) cells. Surprisingly, ND lacking Wnt3a contributed to Lin(-) Sca-1(+) c-Kit(+) cell expansion, an effect that was not mediated through β-catenin. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate Wnt3a ND constitute a water-soluble transport vehicle capable of promoting ex vivo expansion of HSPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahal R Lalefar
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, 747 52nd Street, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA
| | - Andrzej Witkowski
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA
| | - Jens B Simonsen
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA.,Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA.
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23
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Ikon N, Su B, Hsu FF, Forte TM, Ryan RO. Exogenous cardiolipin localizes to mitochondria and prevents TAZ knockdown-induced apoptosis in myeloid progenitor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:580-5. [PMID: 26164234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The concentration and composition of cardiolipin (CL) in mitochondria are altered in age-related heart disease, Barth Syndrome, and other rare genetic disorders, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. To explore whether exogenous CL can be delivered to cells, CL was combined with apolipoprotein A-I to generate water-soluble, nanoscale complexes termed nanodisks (ND). Mass spectrometry of HL60 myeloid progenitor cell extracts revealed a 30-fold increase in cellular CL content following incubation with CL-ND. When CL-ND containing a fluorescent CL analogue was employed, confocal microscopy revealed CL localization to mitochondria. The ability of CL-ND to elicit a physiological response was examined in an HL60 cell culture model of Barth Syndrome neutropenia. siRNA knockdown of the phospholipid transacylase, tafazzin (TAZ), induced apoptosis in these cells. When TAZ knockdown cells were incubated with CL-ND, the apoptotic response was attenuated. Thus, CL-ND represent a potential intervention strategy for replenishment of CL in Barth Syndrome, age-related heart disease, and other disorders characterized by depletion of this key mitochondrial phospholipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Ikon
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA, 94609, United States
| | - Betty Su
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA, 94609, United States
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Campus Box 8127, Washington University School of Medicine, 660S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Trudy M Forte
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA, 94609, United States
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA, 94609, United States.
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24
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Crosby NM, Ghosh M, Su B, Beckstead JA, Kamei A, Simonsen JB, Luo B, Gordon LI, Forte TM, Ryan RO. Anti-CD20 single chain variable antibody fragment-apolipoprotein A-I chimera containing nanodisks promote targeted bioactive agent delivery to CD20-positive lymphomas. Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 93:343-50. [PMID: 25994015 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2015-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A fusion protein comprising an α-CD20 single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody, a spacer peptide, and human apolipoprotein (apo) A-I was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli. The lipid interaction properties intrinsic to apoA-I as well as the antigen recognition properties of the scFv were retained by the chimera. scFv•apoA-I was formulated into nanoscale reconstituted high-density lipoprotein particles (termed nanodisks; ND) and incubated with cultured cells. α-CD20 scFv•apoA-I ND bound to CD20-positive non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) cells (Ramos and Granta) but not to CD20-negative T lymphocytes (i.e., Jurkat). Binding to NHL cells was partially inhibited by pre-incubation with rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against CD20. Confocal fluorescence microscopy analysis of Granta cells following incubation with α-CD20 scFv•apoA-I ND formulated with the intrinsically fluorescent hydrophobic polyphenol, curcumin, revealed α-CD20 scFv•apoA-I localizes to the cell surface, while curcumin off-loads and gains entry to the cell. Compared to control incubations, viability of cultured NHL cells was decreased upon incubation with α-CD20 scFv•apoA-I ND harboring curcumin. Thus, formulation of curcumin ND with α-CD20 scFv•apoA-I as the scaffold component confers cell targeting and enhanced bioactive agent delivery, providing a strategy to minimize toxicity associated with chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha M Crosby
- a Lypro Biosciences Inc., 1236 Hawthorne St. Alameda, CA 94501, USA
| | - Mistuni Ghosh
- b Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Betty Su
- b Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Jennifer A Beckstead
- b Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Ayako Kamei
- b Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Jens B Simonsen
- b Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Bing Luo
- a Lypro Biosciences Inc., 1236 Hawthorne St. Alameda, CA 94501, USA
| | - Leo I Gordon
- c Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Trudy M Forte
- a Lypro Biosciences Inc., 1236 Hawthorne St. Alameda, CA 94501, USA.,b Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Robert O Ryan
- b Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
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25
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Murakami T, Okamoto H, Kim H. Internalization of High-density Lipoproteins Bearing Arginine-rich Peptides. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.140989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Murakami
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Haruki Okamoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
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26
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Cole P, Bishop J, Beckstead J, Titus R, Ryan R. Effect of Amphotericin B Nanodisks on Leishmania major Infected Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 5. [PMID: 25584195 PMCID: PMC4288788 DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess the efficacy of a novel formulation of the polyene antibiotic, amphotericin B (AMB), as therapy for cutaneous leishmaniasis in different mouse strains. Methods (AMB), was formulated into water-soluble transport particles, termed nanodisks (ND). Balb/c and CH3 mice infected with Leishmania major on Day 0 were administered vehicle alone, empty ND or AMB-ND on Day 1 and day 7, via the tail vein. Mice were sacrificed 25 or 50 days post inoculation and tissue histology evaluated. Balb/c mice treated with vehicle or empty ND showed signs of severe infection while CH3 mice had less inflammation and fewer parasites. AMB-ND treatment (2 mg/kg) had a marked therapeutic effect on L. major infected Balb/c mice and a discernable therapeutic benefit on CH3 mice. Conclusions AMB-ND is efficacious in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in both susceptible and resistant mouse strains. It may be inferred that AMB-ND may be useful for prophylactic and/or treatment of early stage Leishmania spp. infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pa Cole
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1619
| | - Jv Bishop
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1619
| | - Ja Beckstead
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA
| | - R Titus
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1619
| | - Ro Ryan
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA
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27
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Murakami T, Okamoto H, Kim H. Structural and functional changes in high-density lipoprotein induced by chemical modification. Biomater Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The timing of TRITC–apoA-I conjugation significantly influences the structural and functional properties of reconstituted HDL particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Murakami
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Haruki Okamoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
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28
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Buehler DC, Marsden MD, Shen S, Toso DB, Wu X, Loo JA, Zhou ZH, Kickhoefer VA, Wender PA, Zack JA, Rome LH. Bioengineered vaults: self-assembling protein shell-lipophilic core nanoparticles for drug delivery. ACS NANO 2014; 8:7723-32. [PMID: 25061969 PMCID: PMC4148163 DOI: 10.1021/nn5002694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel approach to a new class of bioengineered, monodispersed, self-assembling vault nanoparticles consisting of a protein shell exterior with a lipophilic core interior designed for drug and probe delivery. Recombinant vaults were engineered to contain a small amphipathic α-helix derived from the nonstructural protein 5A of hepatitis C virus, thereby creating within the vault lumen a lipophilic microenvironment into which lipophilic compounds could be reversibly encapsulated. Multiple types of electron microscopy showed that attachment of this peptide resulted in larger than expected additional mass internalized within the vault lumen attributable to incorporation of host lipid membrane constituents spanning the vault waist (>35 nm). These bioengineered lipophilic vaults reversibly associate with a sample set of therapeutic compounds, including all-trans retinoic acid, amphotericin B, and bryostatin 1, incorporating hundreds to thousands of drug molecules per vault nanoparticle. Bryostatin 1 is of particular therapeutic interest because of its ability to potently induce expression of latent HIV, thus representing a preclinical lead in efforts to eradicate HIV/AIDS. Vaults loaded with bryostatin 1 released free drug, resulting in activation of HIV from provirus latency in vitro and induction of CD69 biomarker expression following intravenous injection into mice. The ability to preferentially and reversibly encapsulate lipophilic compounds into these novel bioengineered vault nanoparticles greatly advances their potential use as drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Buehler
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthew D. Marsden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sean Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Daniel B. Toso
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiaomeng Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Joseph A. Loo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- UCLA−DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Z. Hong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Valerie A. Kickhoefer
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul A. Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jerome A. Zack
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Address correspondence to ;
| | - Leonard H. Rome
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Address correspondence to ;
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29
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Ghosh M, Ryan RO. Curcumin homing to the nucleolus: mechanism for initiation of an apoptotic program. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:1117-1123. [PMID: 25172633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a plant-derived polyphenol that displays antitumor properties. Incubation of cultured SF-767 glioma cells with curcumin gave rise to intense intranuclear foci of curcumin fluorescence. In vitro studies revealed that nuclear homing by curcumin is not a result of DNA/chromatin binding. On the other hand, curcumin fluorescence colocalized with nucleophosmin, a nucleolus marker protein. To determine the temporal relationship between curcumin-induced apoptosis and nucleolar homing, confocal live cell imaging was performed. The data show that curcumin localization to the nucleolus occurs prior to cell surface exposure of phosphatidylserine. In studies of the mechanism of curcumin-induced apoptosis in SF-767 cells, its effect on the subcellular location of p14(ARF) was determined. Whereas p14(ARF) was confined to the nucleolus in untreated cells, 2 h following incubation with curcumin, it displayed a diffuse nuclear distribution. Given the role of nuclear p14(ARF) in binding the E3 ubiquitin ligase, mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), the effect of curcumin treatment on cellular levels of the tumor suppressor protein, p53, was examined. Between 2 and 4 h following curcumin treatment, p53 levels increased with maximum levels reached by 8 h. Thus, curcumin homing to the nucleolus induces redistribution of p14(ARF) to the nucleoplasm where interaction with MDM2 leads to stabilization of p53, with subsequent initiation of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mistuni Ghosh
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA
| | - Robert O Ryan
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA.
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30
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Ghosh M, Ren G, Simonsen JB, Ryan RO. Cationic lipid nanodisks as an siRNA delivery vehicle. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 92:200-5. [PMID: 24840721 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The term nanodisk (ND) describes reconstituted high-density lipoprotein particles that contain one or more exogenous bioactive agents. In the present study, ND were assembled from apolipoprotein A-I, the zwitterionic glycerophospholipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), and the synthetic cationic lipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DMTAP). ND formulated at a DMPC:DMTAP ratio of 70:30 (by weight) were soluble in aqueous media. The particles generated were polydisperse, with diameters ranging from ∼20 to <50 nm. In nucleic acid binding studies, agarose gel retardation assays revealed that a synthetic 23-mer double-stranded oligonucleotide (dsOligo) bound to DMTAP containing ND but not to ND formulated with DMPC alone. Sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation studies provided additional evidence for stable dsOligo binding to DMTAP-ND. Incubation of cultured hepatoma cells with DMTAP-ND complexed with a siRNA directed against glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase showed 60% knockdown efficiency. Thus, incorporation of synthetic cationic lipid (i.e., DMTAP) to ND confers an ability to bind siRNA and the resulting complexes possess target gene knockdown activity in a cultured cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mistuni Ghosh
- a Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
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31
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Weilhammer DR, Blanchette CD, Fischer NO, Alam S, Loots GG, Corzett M, Thomas C, Lychak C, Dunkle AD, Ruitenberg JJ, Ghanekar SA, Sant AJ, Rasley A. The use of nanolipoprotein particles to enhance the immunostimulatory properties of innate immune agonists against lethal influenza challenge. Biomaterials 2013; 34:10305-18. [PMID: 24075406 PMCID: PMC7172747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that therapies targeting the innate immune system have the potential to provide transient, non-specific protection from a variety of infectious organisms; however, the potential of enhancing the efficacy of such treatments using nano-scale delivery platforms requires more in depth evaluation. As such, we employed a nanolipoprotein (NLP) platform to enhance the efficacy of innate immune agonists. Here, we demonstrate that the synthetic Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG) can be readily incorporated into NLPs. Conjugation of MPLA and CpG to NLPs (MPLA:NLP and CpG:NLP, respectively) significantly enhanced their immunostimulatory profiles both in vitro and in vivo compared to administration of agonists alone, as evidenced by significant increases in cytokine production, cell surface expression of activation markers, and upregulation of immunoregulatory genes. Importantly, enhancement of cytokine production by agonist conjugation to NLPs was also observed in primary human dendritic cells. Furthermore, BALB/c mice pretreated with CpG:NLP constructs survived a lethal influenza challenge whereas pretreatment with CpG alone had no effect on survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina R Weilhammer
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
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32
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Ghosh M, Ryan RO. ApoE enhances nanodisk-mediated curcumin delivery to glioblastoma multiforme cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 9:763-71. [PMID: 23879635 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of incorporating the polyphenol, curcumin, into nanodisk (ND) particles on its biological activity. MATERIALS & METHODS Curcumin-NDs formulated with different scaffold proteins were incubated with cultured glioblastoma multiforme cells. RESULTS When ApoE was employed as the ND scaffold protein, enhanced curcumin uptake was observed. Furthermore, ApoE curcumin-NDs induced greater cell death than either free curcumin or ApoAI curcumin-NDs. A total of 1 h after exposure of glioblastoma multiforme cells to ApoE curcumin-NDs, significant curcumin uptake was detected while ApoE was localized at the cell surface. After 2 h, a portion of the curcumin had migrated to the nucleus, giving rise to enhanced fluorescence intensity in discrete intranuclear sites. CONCLUSION ApoE-mediated interaction of curcumin-NDs with glioblastoma multiforme cells leads to enhanced curcumin uptake and increased biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mistuni Ghosh
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
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33
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He W, Luo J, Bourguet F, Xing L, Yi SK, Gao T, Blanchette C, Henderson PT, Kuhn E, Malfatti M, Murphy WJ, Cheng RH, Lam KS, Coleman MA. Controlling the diameter, monodispersity, and solubility of ApoA1 nanolipoprotein particles using telodendrimer chemistry. Protein Sci 2013; 22:1078-86. [PMID: 23754445 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanolipoprotein particles (NLPs) are nanometer-scale discoidal particles that feature a phospholipid bilayer confined within an apolipoprotein "scaffold," which are useful for solubilizing hydrophobic molecules such as drugs and membrane proteins. NLPs are synthesized either by mixing the purified apolipoprotein with phospholipids and other cofactors or by cell-free protein synthesis followed by self-assembly of the nanoparticles in the reaction mixture. Either method can be problematic regarding the production of homogeneous and monodispersed populations of NLPs, which also currently requires multiple synthesis and purification steps. Telodendrimers (TD) are branched polymers made up of a dendritic oligo-lysine core that is conjugated to linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) on one end, and the lysine "branches" are terminated with cholic acid moieties that enable the formation of nanomicelles in aqueous solution. We report herein that the addition of TD during cell-free synthesis of NLPs produces unique hybrid nanoparticles that have drastically reduced polydispersity as compared to NLPs made in the absence of TD. This finding was supported by dynamic light scattering, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and cryo transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-EM). These techniques demonstrate the ability of TDs to modulate both the NLP size (6-30 nm) and polydispersity. The telodendrimer NLPs (TD-NLPs) also showed 80% less aggregation as compared to NLPs alone. Furthermore, the versatility of these novel nanoparticles was shown through direct conjugation of small molecules such as fluorescent dyes directly to the TD as well as the insertion of a functional membrane protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- NSF Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, Sacramento, California, 95817, USA
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34
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Damiano MG, Mutharasan RK, Tripathy S, McMahon KM, Thaxton CS. Templated high density lipoprotein nanoparticles as potential therapies and for molecular delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:649-62. [PMID: 22921597 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
High density lipoproteins (HDLs) are dynamic natural nanoparticles best known for their role in cholesterol transport and the inverse correlation that exists between blood HDL levels and the risk of developing coronary heart disease. In addition, enhanced HDL-cholesterol uptake has been demonstrated in several human cancers. As such, the use of HDL as a therapeutic and as a vehicle for systemic delivery of drugs and as imaging agents is increasingly important. HDLs exist on a continuum from the secreted HDL-scaffolding protein, apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A1), to complex, spherical "mature" HDLs. Aspects of HDL particles including their size, shape, and surface chemical composition are being recognized as critical to their diverse biological functions. Here we review HDL biology; strategies for synthesizing HDLs; data supporting the clinical use and benefit of directly administered HDL; a rationale for developing synthetic methods for spherical, mature HDLs; and, the potential to employ HDLs as therapies, imaging agents, and drug delivery vehicles. Importantly, methods that utilize nanoparticle templates to control synthetic HDL size, shape, and surface chemistry are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Damiano
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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35
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Rome LH, Kickhoefer VA. Development of the vault particle as a platform technology. ACS NANO 2013; 7:889-902. [PMID: 23267674 DOI: 10.1021/nn3052082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Vaults are naturally occurring nanoparticles found widely in eukaryotes. The particles can be produced in large quantities and are assembled in situ from multiple copies of the single structural protein following expression. Using molecular engineering, recombinant vaults can be functionally modified and targeted, and their contents can be controlled by packaging. Here, we review the development of engineered vaults as a platform for a wide variety of therapeutic applications and we examine future directions for this unique nanoparticle system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard H Rome
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, California NanoSystems Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
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36
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Fischer NO, Rasley A, Corzett M, Hwang MH, Hoeprich PD, Blanchette CD. Colocalized Delivery of Adjuvant and Antigen Using Nanolipoprotein Particles Enhances the Immune Response to Recombinant Antigens. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2044-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3063293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas O. Fischer
- Physical
and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United
States
| | - Amy Rasley
- Physical
and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United
States
| | - Michele Corzett
- Physical
and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United
States
| | - Mona H. Hwang
- Physical
and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United
States
| | - Paul D. Hoeprich
- Physical
and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United
States
| | - Craig D. Blanchette
- Physical
and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United
States
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37
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Jia J, Xiao Y, Liu J, Zhang W, He H, Chen L, Zhang M. Preparation, characterizations, and in vitro metabolic processes of paclitaxel-loaded discoidal recombinant high-density lipoproteins. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:2900-8. [PMID: 22628199 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Discoidal recombinant high-density lipoproteins (d-rHDLs) are attractive candidates for anticancer agents because of their favorable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded d-rHDLs (P-d-rHDLs) were prepared by thin-film dispersion/detergent dialysis methods in this study. To investigate metabolic processes that P-d-rHDLs probably encounter in circulation, influences of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) on structural and compositional changes of P-d-rHDLs were studied in vitro. The shape of P-d-rHDLs converted from discoid into sphere, particle size increased, and cholesteryl ester (CE) generated simultaneously, which were referred to as remodeling behaviors. In vitro releases tests showed that release rate of PTX from P-d-rHDLs became faster when LCAT was added to P-d-rHDLs suspensions. Human breast cancer cells' cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of P-d-rHDLs were higher than liposomes and Taxol, and decreased in the presence of LCAT. Explorations of above phenomena found that drug entrapment did not influence remodeling processes induced by LCAT, whereas there was drug leakage occurring in remodeling processes. Therefore, drug leakage resulting from remodeling processes under the action of LCAT should be paid more attentions to when using d-rHDLs as drug vehicles for anticancer drugs. This study first focuses on metabolic processes of drug carriers and elucidates them through in vitro tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
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38
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Murakami T. Phospholipid nanodisc engineering for drug delivery systems. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:762-7. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Maya S, Sabitha M, Nair SV, Jayakumar R. Phytomedicine-Loaded Polymeric Nanomedicines: Potential Cancer Therapeutics. MULTIFACETED DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF BIOPOLYMERS FOR BIOLOGY, BIOMEDICINE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2012_195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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40
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Ly S, Petrlova J, Huser T, Fore S, Gao T, Voss J, Laurence TA. Stoichiometry of reconstituted high-density lipoproteins in the hydrated state determined by photon antibunching. Biophys J 2011; 101:970-5. [PMID: 21843489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I plays a central role in the solution structure of high-density lipoproteins. Determining the stoichiometry of lipid-bound apo A-I in the hydrated state is therefore fundamental to understanding how high-density lipoproteins form and function. Here, we use the quantum optical phenomenon of photon antibunching to determine the number of apo A-I molecules bound to discoidal lipoproteins and compare this with values obtained by photon-counting histogram analysis. Both the photon antibunching and photon-counting analyses show that reconstituted high-density lipoprotein particles contain two apo A-I molecules, which is in agreement with the commonly accepted double-belt model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonny Ly
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
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41
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Sriram R, Lagerstedt JO, Petrlova J, Samardzic H, Kreutzer U, Xie H, Kaysen GA, Desreux JF, Thonon D, Jacques V, Van Loan M, Rutledge JC, Oda MN, Voss JC, Jue T. Imaging apolipoprotein AI in vivo. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2011; 24:916-24. [PMID: 21264979 PMCID: PMC3726305 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Coronary disease risk increases inversely with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level. The measurement of the biodistribution and clearance of HDL in vivo, however, has posed a technical challenge. This study presents an approach to the development of a lipoprotein MRI agent by linking gadolinium methanethiosulfonate (Gd[MTS-ADO3A]) to a selective cysteine mutation in position 55 of apo AI, the major protein of HDL. The contrast agent targets both liver and kidney, the sites of HDL catabolism, whereas the standard MRI contrast agent, gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-bismethylamide (GdDTPA-BMA, gadodiamide), enhances only the kidney image. Using a modified apolipoprotein AI to create an HDL contrast agent provides a new approach to investigate HDL biodistribution, metabolism and regulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Sriram
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jitka Petrlova
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Haris Samardzic
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ulrike Kreutzer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hongtao Xie
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - George A. Kaysen
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jean F. Desreux
- Coordination and Radiochemistry, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - David Thonon
- Coordination and Radiochemistry, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Martha Van Loan
- Nutrition Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - John C. Rutledge
- Division of Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michael N. Oda
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - John C. Voss
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Jue
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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42
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Singh ATK, Ghosh M, Forte TM, Ryan RO, Gordon LI. Curcumin nanodisk-induced apoptosis in mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 52:1537-43. [PMID: 21699455 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.584253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a pre-germinal center neoplasm characterized by cyclin D1 overexpression resulting from t(11;14)(q13;q32). Since MCL is incurable with standard lymphoma therapies, new treatment approaches are needed that target specific biologic pathways. In the present study, we investigated a novel drug delivery nanovehicle enriched with the bioactive polyphenol, curcumin (curcumin nanodisks; curcumin-ND). Cells treated with curcumin-ND showed a dose-dependent increase in apoptosis. This was accompanied by enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, inhibited curcumin-ND induced apoptosis, suggesting that ROS generation plays a role in curcumin action on MCL cells. Curcumin-ND decreased cyclin D1, pAkt, pIκBα, and Bcl(2) protein. In addition, enhanced FoxO3a and p27 expression as well as caspase-9, -3, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage were observed. Curcumin-ND treatment led to enhanced G(1) arrest in two cultured cell models of MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amareshwar T K Singh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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43
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McMahon KM, Mutharasan RK, Tripathy S, Veliceasa D, Bobeica M, Shumaker DK, Luthi AJ, Helfand BT, Ardehali H, Mirkin CA, Volpert O, Thaxton CS. Biomimetic high density lipoprotein nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery. NANO LETTERS 2011; 11:1208-14. [PMID: 21319839 PMCID: PMC4077779 DOI: 10.1021/nl1041947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report a gold nanoparticle-templated high density lipoprotein (HDL AuNP) platform for gene therapy that combines lipid-based nucleic acid transfection strategies with HDL biomimicry. For proof-of-concept, HDL AuNPs are shown to adsorb antisense cholesterylated DNA. The conjugates are internalized by human cells, can be tracked within cells using transmission electron microscopy, and regulate target gene expression. Overall, the ability to directly image the AuNP core within cells, the chemical tailorability of the HDL AuNP platform, and the potential for cell-specific targeting afforded by HDL biomimicry make this platform appealing for nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin M. McMahon
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
- Institute for BioNanotechnology and Medicine (IBNAM), 303 E. Superior Ave., 11 Floor, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - R. Kannan Mutharasan
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 14-725, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Sushant Tripathy
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
- Institute for BioNanotechnology and Medicine (IBNAM), 303 E. Superior Ave., 11 Floor, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Dorina Veliceasa
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Mariana Bobeica
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
- Institute for BioNanotechnology and Medicine (IBNAM), 303 E. Superior Ave., 11 Floor, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Dale K. Shumaker
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, 303 E. Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Andrea J. Luthi
- Northwestern University, Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208
- Northwestern University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Brian T. Helfand
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 14-725, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, 303 E. Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611
- Northwestern University, Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208
- Northwestern University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Olga Volpert
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - C. Shad Thaxton
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, 303 E. Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611
- Institute for BioNanotechnology and Medicine (IBNAM), 303 E. Superior Ave., 11 Floor, Chicago, IL 60611
- Northwestern University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208
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44
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Ryan RO. Nanobiotechnology applications of reconstituted high density lipoprotein. J Nanobiotechnology 2010; 8:28. [PMID: 21122135 PMCID: PMC3004818 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-8-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a fundamental role in the Reverse Cholesterol Transport pathway. Prior to maturation, nascent HDL exist as disk-shaped phospholipid bilayers whose perimeter is stabilized by amphipathic apolipoproteins. Methods have been developed to generate reconstituted (rHDL) in vitro and these particles have been used in a variety of novel ways. To differentiate between physiological HDL particles and non-natural rHDL that have been engineered to possess additional components/functions, the term nanodisk (ND) is used. In this review, various applications of ND technology are described, such as their use as miniature membranes for solubilization and characterization of integral membrane proteins in a native like conformation. In other work, ND harboring hydrophobic biomolecules/drugs have been generated and used as transport/delivery vehicles. In vitro and in vivo studies show that drug loaded ND are stable and possess potent biological activity. A third application of ND is their use as a platform for incorporation of amphiphilic chelators of contrast agents, such as gadolinium, used in magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, it is demonstrated that the basic building block of plasma HDL can be repurposed for alternate functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert O Ryan
- Center for Prevention of Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr, Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA.
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Arnida, Janát-Amsbury MM, Ray A, Peterson CM, Ghandehari H. Geometry and surface characteristics of gold nanoparticles influence their biodistribution and uptake by macrophages. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 77:417-23. [PMID: 21093587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spherical and rod-shaped gold nanoparticles with surface poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains were characterized for size, shape, charge, poly dispersity and surface plasmon resonance. The nanoparticles were injected intravenously to 6-8-week-old female nu/nu mice bearing orthotopic ovarian tumors, and their biodistribution in vital organs was compared. Gold nanorods were taken up to a lesser extent by the liver, had longer circulation time in the blood, and higher accumulation in the tumors, compared with their spherical counterparts. The cellular uptake of PEGylated gold nanoparticles by a murine macrophage-like cell line as a function of geometry was examined. Compared to nanospheres, PEGylated gold nanorods were taken up to a lesser extent by macrophages. These studies point to the importance of gold nanoparticle geometry and surface properties on transport across biological barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnida
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
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Fischer NO, Infante E, Ishikawa T, Blanchette CD, Bourne N, Hoeprich PD, Mason PW. Conjugation to nickel-chelating nanolipoprotein particles increases the potency and efficacy of subunit vaccines to prevent West Nile encephalitis. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:1018-22. [PMID: 20509624 DOI: 10.1021/bc100083d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Subunit antigens are attractive candidates for vaccine development, as they are safe, cost-effective, and rapidly produced. Nevertheless, subunit antigens often need to be adjuvanted and/or formulated to produce products with acceptable potency and efficacy. Here, we describe a simple method for improving the potency and efficacy of a recombinant subunit antigen by its immobilization on nickel-chelating nanolipoprotein particles (NiNLPs). NiNLPs are membrane mimetic nanoparticles that provide a delivery and presentation platform amenable to binding any recombinant subunit immunogens featuring a polyhistidine tag. A His-tagged, soluble truncated form of the West Nile virus (WNV) envelope protein (trE-His) was immobilized on NiNLPs. Single inoculations of the NiNLP-trE-His produced superior anti-WNV immune responses and provided significantly improved protection against a live WNV challenge compared to mice inoculated with trE-His alone. These results have broad implications in vaccine development and optimization, as NiNLP technology is well-suited to many types of vaccines, providing a universal platform for enhancing the potency and efficacy of recombinant subunit immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas O Fischer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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Ghosh M, Singh ATK, Xu W, Sulchek T, Gordon LI, Ryan RO. Curcumin nanodisks: formulation and characterization. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 7:162-7. [PMID: 20817125 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 07/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nanodisks (NDs) are nanoscale, disk-shaped phospholipid bilayers whose edge is stabilized by apolipoproteins. In the present study, NDs were formulated with the bioactive polyphenol curcumin at a 6:1 phospholipid-to-curcumin molar ratio. Atomic force microscopy revealed that curcumin-NDs are particles with diameters <50 nm and the thickness of a phospholipid bilayer. When formulated in NDs, curcumin is water soluble and gives rise to a characteristic absorbance spectrum with a peak centered at 420 nm. Fluorescence spectroscopy of curcumin-NDs provided evidence of self-quenching. Incubation of curcumin-NDs with empty NDs relieved the self-quenching, indicating redistribution of curcumin between curcumin-loaded and empty NDs. In HepG2 cells, curcumin-NDs mediated enhanced cell growth inhibition as compared with free curcumin. In a cell culture model of mantle cell lymphoma, curcumin-NDs were a more potent inducer of apoptosis than free curcumin. The nanoscale size of the complexes, combined with their ability to solubilize curcumin, indicates NDs may have in vivo therapeutic applications. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Nanodisks (NDs), disk-shaped phospholipid bilayers stabilized by apolipoproteins, are shown entrap curcumin and improve its delivery to HepG2 and mantle cell lymphoma cells in culture. These novel nanocomplexes demonstrate interesting therapeutic application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mistuni Ghosh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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48
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Malugin A, Ghandehari H. Cellular uptake and toxicity of gold nanoparticles in prostate cancer cells: a comparative study of rods and spheres. J Appl Toxicol 2010; 30:212-7. [PMID: 19902477 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Using a series of gold nanoparticles with incremental increase in dimensions but varying geometries (spherical vs rods) we have evaluated the influence of shape, size, surface properties and concentration on cellular uptake, adsorption of proteins and toxicity in a human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3). In the range of 30-90 nm diameter studied, spherical particles of 50 nm in diameter without polyethylene glycol (PEG) had the highest uptake. Surface attachment of PEG reduced cellular uptake. PEGylated gold nanorods had a net positive charge compared with their spherical counterparts and particle geometry influenced cellular uptake. In the absence of serum proteins the uptake of plain spherical GNPs increased. These studies pave the way for the tailoring of gold nanoparticles for targeted tumor therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
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Singh ATK, Evens AM, Anderson RJ, Beckstead JA, Sankar N, Sassano A, Bhalla S, Yang S, Platanias LC, Forte TM, Ryan RO, Gordon LI. All trans retinoic acid nanodisks enhance retinoic acid receptor mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2010; 150:158-69. [PMID: 20507312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08209.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32), aggressive clinical behaviour, and poor patient outcomes following conventional chemotherapy. New treatment approaches are needed that target novel biological pathways. All trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a key retinoid that acts through nuclear receptors that function as ligand-inducible transcription factors. The present study evaluated cell killing effects of ATRA-enriched nanoscale delivery particles, termed nanodisks (ND), on MCL cell lines. Results show that ATRA-ND induced cell death more effectively than naked ATRA (dimethyl sulphoxide) or empty ND. ATRA-ND induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation to a greater extent than naked ATRA. The antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, inhibited ATRA-ND induced apoptosis. Compared to naked ATRA, ATRA-ND enhanced G1 growth arrest, up-regulated p21and p27, and down regulated cyclin D1. At ATRA concentrations that induced apoptosis, expression levels of retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARalpha) and retinoid X receptor-gamma (RXRgamma) were increased. Compared to naked ATRA, ATRA-ND significantly stimulated transcriptional activity of RARA in a model carcinoma cell line. Furthermore, the RAR antagonist, Ro 41-5253, inhibited ATRA-ND induced ROS generation and prevented ATRA-ND induced cell growth arrest and apoptosis. In summary, incorporation of ATRA into ND enhanced the biological activity of this retinoid in cell culture models of MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amareshwar T K Singh
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Iovannisci DM, Beckstead JA, Ryan RO. Targeting nanodisks via a single chain variable antibody--apolipoprotein chimera. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 379:466-9. [PMID: 19114030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanodisks (ND) are nanometer scale complexes of phospholipid and apolipoprotein that have been shown to function as drug delivery vehicles. ND harboring significant quantities of the antifungal agent, amphotericin B, or the bioactive isoprenoid, all trans retinoic acid, have been generated and characterized. As currently formulated, ND possess limited targeting capability. In this study, we constructed a single chain variable antibody (scFv).apolipoprotein chimera and assessed the ability of this fusion protein to form ND and recognize the antigen to which the scFv is directed. Data obtained revealed that alpha-vimentin scFv.apolipoprotein A-I is functional in ND formation and antigen recognition, opening the door to the use of such chimeras in targeting drug-enriched ND to specific tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Iovannisci
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
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