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Ming T, Lei J, Peng Y, Wang M, Liang Y, Tang S, Tao Q, Wang M, Tang X, He Z, Liu X, Xu H. Curcumin suppresses colorectal cancer by induction of ferroptosis via regulation of p53 and solute carrier family 7 member 11/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling axis. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38837315 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis is regulated by p53 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the influence of curcumin (CUR) on ferroptosis in CRC. The efficacies of CUR on the malignant phenotype of CRC cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and clonogenic assays. The effects of CUR on ferroptosis of CRC cells were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, lactate dehydrogenase release assay, Fe2+ staining, and analyses of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxide, malondialdehyde, and glutathione levels. CUR's targets in ferroptosis were predicted by network pharmacological study and molecular docking. With SW620 xenograft tumors, the efficacy of CUR on CRC was investigated, and the effects of CUR on ferroptosis were assessed by detection of Fe2+, malondialdehyde, and glutathione levels. The effects of CUR on expressions of p53, SLC7A11, and GPX4 in CRC cells and tumors were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. CUR suppressed the proliferation, migration, and clonogenesis of CRC cells and xenograft tumor growth by causing ferroptosis, with enhanced lactate dehydrogenase release and Fe2+, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxide, and malondialdehyde levels, but attenuated glutathione level in CRC. In silico study indicated that CUR may bind p53, SLC7A11, and GPX4, consolidated by that CUR heightened p53 but attenuated SLC7A11 and GPX4 mRNA and protein levels in CRC. CUR may exert an inhibitory effect on CRC by inducing ferroptosis via regulation of p53 and SLC7A11/glutathione/GPX4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiarong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanjing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Muqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyu He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Baki KB, Sapmaz T, Sevgin K, Topkaraoglu S, Erdem E, Tekayev M, Guler EM, Beyaztas H, Bozali K, Aktas S, Irkorucu O, Sapmaz E. Curcumin and gallic acid have a synergistic protective effect against ovarian surface epithelium and follicle reserve damage caused by autologous intraperitoneal ovary transplantation in rats. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155320. [PMID: 38728794 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study to examine the effects of curcumin and gallic acid use against oxidative stress damage in the autologous intraperitoneal ovarian transplantation model created in rats on ovarian follicle reserve, ovarian surface epithelium, and oxidant-antioxidant systems. 42 adult female Sprague Dawley rats (n=7) were allocated into 6 groups. Group 1 served as the control. In Group 2, rats underwent ovarian transplantation (TR) to their peritoneal walls. Group 3 received corn oil (CO) (0.5 ml/day) one day before and 14 days after transplantation. Group 4 was administered curcumin (CUR) (100 mg/kg/day), Group 5 received gallic acid (GA) (20 mg/kg/day), and Group 6 was treated with a combination of curcumin and gallic acid via oral gavage after transplantation. Rats were sacrificed on the 14th postoperative day, and blood along with ovaries were collected for analysis. The removed ovaries were analyzed at light microscopic, fluorescence microscopic, and biochemical levels. In Group 2 and Group 3, while serum and tissue Total Oxidant Levels (TOS) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) increased, serum Total Antioxidant Levels (TAS) decreased statistically significantly (p˂0.05) compared to the other groups (Groups 1, 4, 5, and 6). The ovarian follicle reserve was preserved and the changes in the ovarian surface epithelium and histopathological findings were reduced in the antioxidant-treated groups (Groups 4, 5, and 6). In addition, immunofluorescence examination revealed that the expression of Cytochrome C and Caspase 3 was stronger and Ki-67 was weaker in Groups 2 and 3, in comparison to the groups that were given antioxidants. It can be said that curcumin and gallic acid have a histological and biochemical protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury due to ovarian transplantation, and this effect is stronger when these two antioxidants are applied together compared to individual use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Basol Baki
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul 34668, Türkiye; Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Tansel Sapmaz
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul 34668, Türkiye.
| | - Kubra Sevgin
- University of Health Sciences, International Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul 34668, Türkiye
| | - Sude Topkaraoglu
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul 34668, Türkiye; University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul 34668, Türkiye
| | - Esra Erdem
- University of Health Sciences, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Pathology Laboratory Techniques Program, Istanbul 34668, Türkiye
| | - Muhammetnur Tekayev
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul 34668, Türkiye
| | - Eray Metin Guler
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Haydarpasa Numune Health Application and Research Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Türkiye; University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Beyaztas
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Kubra Bozali
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selman Aktas
- University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Oktay Irkorucu
- University of Sharjah, College of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekrem Sapmaz
- University of Health Sciences, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Adana, Türkiye
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3
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Bel’skaya LV, Dyachenko EI. Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer: A Biochemical Map of Reactive Oxygen Species Production. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4646-4687. [PMID: 38785550 PMCID: PMC11120394 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review systematizes information about the metabolic features of breast cancer directly related to oxidative stress. It has been shown those redox changes occur at all levels and affect many regulatory systems in the human body. The features of the biochemical processes occurring in breast cancer are described, ranging from nonspecific, at first glance, and strictly biochemical to hormone-induced reactions, genetic and epigenetic regulation, which allows for a broader and deeper understanding of the principles of oncogenesis, as well as maintaining the viability of cancer cells in the mammary gland. Specific pathways of the activation of oxidative stress have been studied as a response to the overproduction of stress hormones and estrogens, and specific ways to reduce its negative impact have been described. The diversity of participants that trigger redox reactions from different sides is considered more fully: glycolytic activity in breast cancer, and the nature of consumption of amino acids and metals. The role of metals in oxidative stress is discussed in detail. They can act as both co-factors and direct participants in oxidative stress, since they are either a trigger mechanism for lipid peroxidation or capable of activating signaling pathways that affect tumorigenesis. Special attention has been paid to the genetic and epigenetic regulation of breast tumors. A complex cascade of mechanisms of epigenetic regulation is explained, which made it possible to reconsider the existing opinion about the triggers and pathways for launching the oncological process, the survival of cancer cells and their ability to localize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
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Abduh MS, Alwassil OI, Aldaqal SM, Alfwuaires MA, Farhan M, Hanieh H. A pyrazolopyridine as a novel AhR signaling activator with anti-breast cancer properties in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116079. [PMID: 38402910 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the main causes of malignancy-related deaths globally and has a significant impact on women's quality of life. Despite significant therapeutic advances, there is a medical need for targeted therapies in breast cancer. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor mediates responses to environment stimuli, is emerging as a unique pleiotropic target. Herein, a combined molecular simulation and in vitro investigations identified 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (3FPP) as a novel AhR ligand in T47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Its agonistic effects induced formation of the AhR-AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) heterodimer and prompted its binding to the penta-nucleotide sequence, called xenobiotic-responsive element (XRE) motif. Moreover, 3FPP augmented the promoter-driven luciferase activities and expression of AhR-regulated genes encoding cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and microRNA (miR)-212/132 cluster. It reduced cell viability, migration, and invasion of both cell lines through AhR signaling. These anticancer properties were concomitant with reduced levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), SRY-related HMG-box4 (SOX4), snail family zinc finger 2 (SNAI2), and cadherin 2 (CDH2). In vivo, 3FPP suppressed tumor growth and activated AhR signaling in an orthotopic mouse model. In conclusion, our results introduce the fused pyrazolopyridine 3FPP as a novel AhR agonist with AhR-specific anti-breast cancer potential in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa S Abduh
- Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Osama I Alwassil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saleh M Aldaqal
- Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal A Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahdi Farhan
- International Medical Research Center (iMReC), Aqaba 77110, Jordan; Drug Development Department, UniTechPharma, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland.
| | - Hamza Hanieh
- International Medical Research Center (iMReC), Aqaba 77110, Jordan; Basic Medical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aqaba Medical Sciences University, Aqaba 77110, Jordan.
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Radović Jakovljević M, Grujičić D, Stanković M, Milošević-Djordjević O. Artemisia vulgaris L., Artemisia alba Turra and their constituents reduce mitomycin C-induced genomic instability in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:156-165. [PMID: 36476306 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2154358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous and acetone extracts from Artemisia vulgaris L. (AV) and Artemisia alba Turra (AA), and two major polyphenols compounds (3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside) presented in both extracts of the plants against mitomycin C (MMC)-induced genomic instability. Genomic instability was measured using cytokinesis block micronucleus (MN) assay in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in vitro by analyzing two biomarkers - MN and nuclear division index (NDI). Extracts were tested in a concentration-dependent manner (10-250 µg/mL), while 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside were tested in three different concentrations, in combination with 0.5 µg/mL of MMC. Aqueous and acetone extracts obtained from both plants significantly reduced MMC-induced MN frequency in PBLs, compared to positive control cells (p < 0.05). Extracts from AV did not affect NDI, whereas the concentrations of 10-100 μg/mL of aqueous and acetone AA extracts significantly elevated MMC-decreased NDI values in comparison to positive control cells (p < 0.05). Combined treatment of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and MMC showed a significant reduction of MMC-induced MN frequency, while quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside increased MN frequency compared to positive control cells (p < 0.05). Both compounds decreased NDI values but only at the highest tested concentration of quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside it was of greater significance. In conclusion, all extracts from AV and AA and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid showed protective effect, whereby aqueous AA demonstrated the highest protective effect on MMC- induced genomic instability, while quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside showed co-mutagen effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darko Grujičić
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan Stanković
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Olivera Milošević-Djordjević
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Genetics, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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6
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Peng ML, Zhang LJ, Luo Y, Xu SY, Long XM, Ao JL, Liao SG, Zhu QF, He X, Xu GB. Phomopsterone B Alleviates Liver Fibrosis through mTOR-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis Pathway. Molecules 2024; 29:417. [PMID: 38257331 PMCID: PMC10820960 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is the initial pathological process of many chronic liver diseases. Targeting hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is an available strategy for the therapy of liver fibrosis. We aimed to explore the anti-liver fibrosis activity and potential mechanism of phomopsterone B (PB) in human HSCs. The results showed that PB effectively attenuated the proliferation of TGF-β1-stimulated LX-2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner at doses of 1, 2, and 4 μM. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot assays displayed that PB significantly reduced the expression levels of α-SMA and collagen I/III. AO/EB and Hoechst33342 staining and flow cytometry assays exhibited that PB promoted the cells' apoptosis. Meanwhile, PB diminished the number of autophagic vesicles and vacuolated structures, and the LC3B fluorescent spots indicated that PB could effectively inhibit the accretion of autophagosomes in LX-2 cells. Moreover, rapamycin and MHY1485 were utilized to further investigate the effect of mTOR in autophagy and apoptosis. The results demonstrated that PB regulated autophagy and apoptosis via the mTOR-dependent pathway in LX-2 cells. In summary, this is the first evidence that PB effectively alleviates liver fibrosis in TGF-β1-stimulated LX-2 cells, and PB may be a promising candidate for the prevention of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
- University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
| | - Yan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
| | - Shi-Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
| | - Xing-Mei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
| | - Jun-Li Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shang-Gao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
- University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Qin-Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
- University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xun He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
- University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guo-Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guiyang 550004, China; (M.-L.P.); (L.-J.Z.); (Y.L.); (S.-Y.X.); (X.-M.L.); (J.-L.A.); (S.-G.L.); (Q.-F.Z.)
- University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550004, China
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Croitoru AM, Ayran M, Altan E, Karacelebi Y, Ulag S, Sahin A, Guncu MM, Aksu B, Gunduz O, Tihăuan BM, Ficai D, Ficai A. Development of gallic acid-loaded ethylcellulose fibers as a potential wound dressing material. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126996. [PMID: 37729998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, novel fibers were designed based on ethylcellulose (EC), loaded with different concentrations of gallic acid (GA) using the electrospinning technique, in order to investigate the potential of these materials as wound dressings. The chemical structure and morphology, along with the antimicrobial and biocompatibility tests of the EC_GA fibers were investigated. To observe the chemical interactions between the components, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used. The morphological analyzes were performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The uniaxial tensile test machine was used to obtain mechanical performance of the fibers. MTT assay was applied to get the biocompatibility properties of the fibers and antimicrobial test was applied to obtain the antimicrobial activity of the fibers. Based on the obtained results, the highest viability value of 67.4 % was obtained for 10%EC_100GA on the third day of incubation, demonstrating that with the addition of a higher concentration of GA, the cell viability increases. The antimicrobial tests, evaluated against Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, Escherichia (E.) coli, Pseudomonas (Ps.) aeruginosa and Candida (C.) albicans, showed a >90 % microbial reduction capacity correlated with a logarithmic reduction ranging from 0.63 to 1, for 10%EC_100 GA. In vitro release tests of GA from the fibers showed that GA was totally released from 10%EC_100 GA fibers after 2880 min, demonstrating a controlled release profile. These findings demonstrated that EC_GA fibers may be suitable for application in biomedical fields such as wound dressing materials. However, further studies should be performed to increase the biocompatibility properties of the fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa-Maria Croitoru
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu St. 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; National Centre for Micro- and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; National Centre for Food Safety, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Musa Ayran
- Marmara University, Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eray Altan
- Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yasin Karacelebi
- Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Songul Ulag
- Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Sahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Mucahit Guncu
- Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Aksu
- Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Marmara University, Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Bianca-Maria Tihăuan
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu St. 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, Spl. Independentei 91-95, 0500957 Bucharest, Romania; Research & Development for Advanced Biotechnologies and Medical Devices, SC Sanimed International Impex SRL, 087040 Calugareni, Romania
| | - Denisa Ficai
- National Centre for Micro- and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; National Centre for Food Safety, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu St. 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; National Centre for Micro- and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; National Centre for Food Safety, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov St. 3, 050045 Bucharest, Romania.
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8
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Haghshenas M, Firouzabadi N, Akbarizadeh AR, Rashedinia M. Combination of metformin and gallic acid induces autophagy and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Res Pharm Sci 2023; 18:663-675. [PMID: 39005566 PMCID: PMC11246111 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.389956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and one of the major causes of death among women. Many reports propose gallic acid as a candidate for cancer treatment due to its biological and medicinal effects as well as its antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess the effects of metformin and gallic acid on human breast cancer (MCF-7) and normal (MCF-10) cell lines. Experimental approach MCF7 and MCF-10 cells were treated with various concentrations of metformin, gallic acid, and their combination. Cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as cell cycle arrest were measured. Autophagy induction was assessed using western blot analysis. Findings/Results Metformin and gallic acid did not cause toxicity in normal cells. They had a stronger combined impact on ROS induction. Metformin and Gallic acid resulted in cell cycle arrest in the sub-G1 phase with G1 and S phase arrest, respectively. Increased levels of LC3 and Beclin-1 markers along with decreased P62 markers were observed in cancerous cells, which is consistent with the anticancer properties of metformin and gallic acid. Conclusion and implications The effects of metformin and gallic acid on cancerous cells indicate the positive impact of their combination in treating human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Haghshenas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Reza Akbarizadeh
- Department of Quality Control, Food and Drug, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rashedinia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Food and Supplements Safety Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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9
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Han JH, Lee EJ, Park W, Ha KT, Chung HS. Natural compounds as lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors: potential therapeutics for lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors-related diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1275000. [PMID: 37915411 PMCID: PMC10616500 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1275000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a crucial enzyme involved in energy metabolism and present in various cells throughout the body. Its diverse physiological functions encompass glycolysis, and its abnormal activity is associated with numerous diseases. Targeting LDH has emerged as a vital approach in drug discovery, leading to the identification of LDH inhibitors among natural compounds, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids. These compounds demonstrate therapeutic potential against LDH-related diseases, including anti-cancer effects. However, challenges concerning limited bioavailability, poor solubility, and potential toxicity must be addressed. Combining natural compounds with LDH inhibitors has led to promising outcomes in preclinical studies. This review highlights the promise of natural compounds as LDH inhibitors for treating cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Han
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyoung Park
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM Campus, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM Campus, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Suck Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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10
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Kim JW, Choi J, Park MN, Kim B. Apoptotic Effect of Gallic Acid via Regulation of p-p38 and ER Stress in PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 Cells Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15236. [PMID: 37894916 PMCID: PMC10607041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is currently recognized as the seventh most prevalent cause of cancer-related mortality among individuals of both genders. It is projected that a significant number of individuals will succumb to this disease in the forthcoming years. Extensive research and validation have been conducted on both gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil as viable therapeutic options for PC. Nevertheless, despite concerted attempts to enhance treatment outcomes, PC continues to pose significant challenges in terms of achieving effective treatment alone through chemotherapy. Gallic acid, an endogenous chemical present in various botanical preparations, has attracted considerable attention due to its potential as an anticancer agent. The results of the study demonstrated that gallic acid exerted a decline in cell viability that was dependent on its concentration. Furthermore, it efficiently suppressed cell proliferation in PC cells. This study observed a positive correlation between gallic acid and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, it confirmed the upregulation of proteins associated with the protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathway, which is one of the pathways involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Moreover, the administration of gallic acid resulted in verified alterations in the transmission of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signals. Notably, an elevation in the levels of p-p38, which represents the phosphorylated state of p38 MAPK was detected. The scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), has shown inhibitory effects on phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), whereas the p38 inhibitor SB203580 inhibited C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). In both instances, the levels of PARP have been successfully reinstated. In other words, the study discovered a correlation between endoplasmic reticulum stress and the p38 signaling pathway. Consequently, gallic acid induces the activation of both the p38 pathway and the ER stress pathway through the generation of ROS, ultimately resulting in apoptosis. The outcomes of this study provide compelling evidence to support the notion that gallic acid possesses considerable promise as a viable therapeutic intervention for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Woo Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea; (J.W.K.); (J.C.); (M.N.P.)
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea; (J.W.K.); (J.C.); (M.N.P.)
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea; (J.W.K.); (J.C.); (M.N.P.)
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea; (J.W.K.); (J.C.); (M.N.P.)
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea
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11
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Keyvani‐Ghamsari S, Rahimi M, Khorsandi K. An update on the potential mechanism of gallic acid as an antibacterial and anticancer agent. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5856-5872. [PMID: 37823155 PMCID: PMC10563697 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance to antibacterial and anticancer drugs is one of the most important global problems in the treatment field that is constantly expanding and hinders the recovery and survival of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to identify compounds that have antibacterial and anticancer properties or increase the effectiveness of existing drugs. One of these approaches is using natural compounds that have few side effects and are effective. Gallic acid (GA) has been identified as one of the most important plant polyphenols that health-promoting effects in various aspects such as bacterial and viral infections, cancer, inflammatory, neuropsychological, gastrointestinal, and metabolic disease. Various studies have shown that GA inhibits bacterial growth by altering membrane structure, and bacterial metabolism, and inhibits biofilm formation. Also, GA inhibits cancer cell growth by targeting different signaling pathways in apoptosis, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, targeting the cell cycle, and inhibiting oncogenes and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression. Due to the powerful function of GA against bacteria and cancer cells. In this review, we describe the latest findings in the field of the sources and chemical properties of GA, its pharmacological properties and bioavailability, the antibacterial and anticancer activities of GA, and its derivatives alone, in combination with other drugs and in the form of nanoformulation. This review can be a comprehensive perspective for scientists to use medicinal compounds containing GA in future research and expand its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Keyvani‐Ghamsari
- Clinical Cares and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran
| | - Maryam Rahimi
- Clinical Cares and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research CenterYara Institute, ACECRTehranIran
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12
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Hassani S, Ghanbari F, Lotfi M, Alam W, Aschner M, Popović-Djordjević J, Shahcheraghi SH, Khan H. How gallic acid regulates molecular signaling: role in cancer drug resistance. Med Oncol 2023; 40:308. [PMID: 37755616 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02178-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest and most heterogeneous diseases. Cancers often develop drug resistance, which can lead to treatment failure or recurrence. Accordingly, anticancer compounds are essential for chemotherapy-resistant cancer cells. Phenolic compounds are of interest in the development of cancer drugs due to their medicinal properties and ability to target different molecular pathways. Gallic acid (GA), as one of the main components of phenol, which is abundantly present in plant compounds such as walnut, sumac, grapes, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plant compounds, has antitumor properties. GA can prevent cancer progression, cell invasion, and metastasis by targeting molecular pathways and is an effective complement to chemotherapy drugs and combating multidrug resistance (MDR). In this review, we discuss various mechanisms related to cancer, the therapeutic potential of GA, the antitumor properties of GA in various cancers, and the targeted delivery of GA with nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Hassani
- Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ghanbari
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Lotfi
- Abortion Research Center, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jelena Popović-Djordjević
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Seyed Hossein Shahcheraghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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13
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Afshari AR, Sanati M, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. Recent Advances in Curcumin-Based Combination Nanomedicines for Cancer Therapy. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:408. [PMID: 37623653 PMCID: PMC10455605 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard cancer chemotherapeutics often produce significant adverse effects and eventually lose their effectiveness due to the emergence of resistance mechanisms. As a result, patients with malignant tumors experience a poor quality of life and a short lifespan. Thus, combination medication regimens provide various advantages, including increased success rate, fewer side effects, and fewer occurrences of resistance. Curcumin (Cur), a potential phytochemical from turmeric, when coupled with traditional chemotherapeutics, has been established to improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment in clinical and preclinical investigations. Cur not only exerts multiple mechanisms resulting in apoptotic cancer cell death but also reduces the resistance to standard chemotherapy drugs, mainly through downregulating the multi-drug resistance (MDR) cargoes. Recent reports showed the beneficial outcomes of Cur combination with many chemotherapeutics in various malignancies. Nevertheless, owing to the limited bioavailability, devising co-delivery strategies for Cur and conventional pharmaceuticals appears to be required for clinical settings. This review summarized various Cur combinations with standard treatments as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir R. Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Mirza Z, Karim S. Structure-Based Profiling of Potential Phytomolecules with AKT1 a Key Cancer Drug Target. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062597. [PMID: 36985568 PMCID: PMC10051420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying cancer biomarkers is imperative, as upregulated genes offer a better microenvironment for the tumor; hence, targeted inhibition is preferred. The theme of our study is to predict molecular interactions between cancer biomarker proteins and selected natural compounds. We identified an overexpressed potential molecular target (AKT1) and computationally evaluated its inhibition by four dietary ligands (isoliquiritigenin, shogaol, tehranolide, and theophylline). The three-dimensional structures of protein and phytochemicals were retrieved from the RCSB PDB database (4EKL) and NCBI’s PubChem, respectively. Rational structure-based docking studies were performed using AutoDock. Results were analyzed based primarily on the estimated free binding energy (kcal/mol), hydrogen bonds, and inhibition constant, Ki, to identify the most effective anti-cancer phytomolecule. Toxicity and drug-likeliness prediction were performed using OSIRIS and SwissADME. Amongst the four phytocompounds, tehranolide has better potential to suppress the expression of AKT1 and could be used for anti-cancer drug development, as inhibition of AKT1 is directly associated with the inhibition of growth, progression, and metastasis of the tumor. Docking analyses reveal that tehranolide has the most efficiency in inhibiting AKT1 and has the potential to be used for the therapeutic management of cancer. Natural compounds targeting cancer biomarkers offer less rejection, minimal toxicity, and fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Mirza
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sajjad Karim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Pathania K, Sah SP, Salunke DB, Jain M, Yadav AK, Yadav VG, Pawar SV. Green synthesis of lignin-based nanoparticles as a bio-carrier for targeted delivery in cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:684-695. [PMID: 36603714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric magnetic nanoparticles have shown higher efficacy in cancer diagnosis and treatment than conventional chemotherapies. Lignin is an abundantly available natural polymer that can be selectively modified using a rapidly expanding toolkit of biocatalytic and chemical reactions to yield 'intelligent' theranostic-nanoprobes. We aim to valorize lignin to develop a natural polymeric-magnetic-nano-system for the targeted delivery of methotrexate. In the current study, we synthesized nanoparticles of lignin and iron oxide with methotrexate using a new approach of anti-solvent precipitation with ultrasonication. The ensuing nanoparticles are magnetic, smooth, polyhedral with characteristic dimension of 110-130 nm. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were calculated to be 66.06 % and 64.88 %, respectively. The nanoparticles exhibit a concentration-dependent release of methotrexate for the initial 24 h, followed by sustained release. Moreover, formulation is non-hemolytic and scavenges radicals owing to the antioxidant property of lignin. Additionally, methotrexate delivered using the nanoparticles exhibited higher cytotoxicity in cellular-viability assays employing breast cancer and macrophage cell lines compared to the pure form of the drug. Synergistic action of lignin, iron oxide, and methotrexate contribute to enhanced caspase-3 activity and reduced glutathione levels in the breast cancer cells, as well as elevated internalization of the drug on account of increased receptor-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Pathania
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sangeeta P Sah
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak B Salunke
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; National Interdisciplinary Centre of Vaccine, Immunotherapeutics & Antimicrobials, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manish Jain
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Yadav
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vikramaditya G Yadav
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sandip V Pawar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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16
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Lin S, Qin HZ, Li ZY, Zhu H, Long L, Xu LB. Gallic acid suppresses the progression of triple-negative breast cancer HCC1806 cells via modulating PI3K/AKT/EGFR and MAPK signaling pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1049117. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1049117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a severe threat to women’s health because of its aggressive nature, early age of onset, and high recurrence rate. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of Gallic acid (GA) on the TNBC HCC1806 cells in vitro. The cell proliferation was detected by MTT and plate clone formation assays, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analyzed by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining assays, and the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were also investigated. Real-Time PCR and western blot were examined to explore the mechanism of action. The results indicated that GA suppressed HCC1806 cells proliferation and promoted HCC1806 cells apoptosis. Meanwhile, GA treatment changed the morphology of the HCC1806 cells. In addition, GA blocked the HCC1806 cells cycle in the S phase, and it induced cells apoptosis accompanied by ROS accumulation and MMP depolarization. Real-Time PCR results suggested that GA increased Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, P53, JINK and P38 mRNA expression, and decreased Bcl-2, PI3K, AKT and EGFR mRNA expression. Western blotting results suggested that GA increased Bax, cleaved-Caspase-3, cleaved-Caspase-9, P53, P-ERK1/2, P-JNK, P-P38 proteins expression, and decreased Bcl-2, P-PI3K, P-AKT, P-EGFR proteins expression. Furthermore, molecular docking suggested that GA has the high affinity for PI3K, AKT, EGFR, ERK1/2, JNK, and P38. In conclusion, GA could suppress HCC1806 cells proliferation and promote HCC1806 cells apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and induces ROS generation which further inhibits PI3K/AKT/EGFR and activates MAPK signaling pathways. Our study will provide some new references for using GA in the treatment of TNBC.
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17
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Ma FY, Zhang XM, Li Y, Zhang M, Tu XH, Du LQ. Identification of phenolics from miracle berry ( Synsepalum dulcificum) leaf extract and its antiangiogenesis and anticancer activities. Front Nutr 2022; 9:970019. [PMID: 36046137 PMCID: PMC9420939 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.970019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Miracle berry is well-known for its ability to convert sour foods to sweet. In this study, the secondary metabolites of miracle berry leaves (MBL) were identified by UPLC-DAD-MS, and its antiangiogenesis and anticancer activities were evaluated by using a zebrafish model and the MCF-7 xenograft mouse model, respectively. The result showed that 18 phenolic compounds were identified in MBL extract, and dominated by the derivatives of quercetin and myricetin. The MBL extract showed low toxicity and high antiangiogenesis activity, it significantly inhibited the subintestinal vein vessels development in zebrafish at very low concentration. Furthermore, the MBL extract could promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and significantly inhibit the growth of MCF-7 xenograft tumor. In addition, the analysis of metabolites revealed that the MBL extract inhibited tumor growth by activating the metabolic pathways of unsaturated fatty acids and purines. Overall, this study suggests that MBL extract can be used as a natural anticancer adjuvant in the fields of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yue Ma
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China.,Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Zhang
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ya Li
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xing-Hao Tu
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Li-Qing Du
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
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18
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Varnamkhasti TJ, Jafarzadeh M, Sadeghizadeh M, Aghili M. Radiosensitizing effect of dendrosomal nanoformulation of curcumin on cancer cells. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:718-735. [PMID: 35819593 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin was found to possess numerous pharmacological activities in clinical research, however, its biological effects together with radiation are yet to be addressed. The present study investigated whether the combined treatment of dendrosomal nanoformulation of curcumin (DNC) and gamma radiation can enhance the radiosensitivity of U87MG and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. METHODS U87MG and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were exposed to 2 Gray (Gy) and 10 μM DNC determined by MTT assay, then subjected to clonogenic assay, cell cycle assay, and flow cytometric apoptosis analysis. Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) stained cells were used to study morphologic changes. The expression evaluation of putative cell cycle genes, i.e., P53, P21, CCND1, and CCNB1 was carried out by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Our findings indicated that the combined treatment with DNC and radiation might cooperatively augment the efficacy of ionizing radiation in the cancer cells and notably decrease the survival and viability of the cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition to a synergistic effect deducted by sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER) assessment, co-treatment resulted in greater apoptotic cells than the individual treatments. Further experiments then indicated that DNC could effectively induce G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis following irradiation. Conformably, there was a decrement of CCND1 and CCNB1 expression, and an increment of P53, P21 expression. CONCLUSIONS The data implied that DNC as a radiosensitizer can enhance the lethal effect of ionizing radiation on cancer cells which could be a promising adjuvant therapy in clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Jalali Varnamkhasti
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Jafarzadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Aghili
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-158, Tehran, Iran.
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The Role of Antioxidants in the Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Senescence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071224. [PMID: 35883714 PMCID: PMC9311946 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell cycle arrest occurring in response to stressful stimuli, such as telomere attrition, DNA damage, reactive oxygen species, and oncogenic proteins. Although beneficial and protective in several physiological processes, an excessive senescent cell burden has been involved in various pathological conditions including aging, tissue dysfunction and chronic diseases. Oxidative stress (OS) can drive senescence due to a loss of balance between pro-oxidant stimuli and antioxidant defences. Therefore, the identification and characterization of antioxidant compounds capable of preventing or counteracting the senescent phenotype is of major interest. However, despite the considerable number of studies, a comprehensive overview of the main antioxidant molecules capable of counteracting OS-induced senescence is still lacking. Here, besides a brief description of the molecular mechanisms implicated in OS-mediated aging, we review and discuss the role of enzymes, mitochondria-targeting compounds, vitamins, carotenoids, organosulfur compounds, nitrogen non-protein molecules, minerals, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids as antioxidant compounds with an anti-aging potential, therefore offering insights into innovative lifespan-extending approaches.
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20
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El-Houssiny AS, Kamel NA, Soliman AAF, El-Messieh SLA, Abd-EL-Nour KN. Preparation and characterisation of gallic acid loaded carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery system for cancer treatment. ADVANCES IN NATURAL SCIENCES: NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:025002. [DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ac6c22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is a natural phenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anticancer effects. However, the potential of GA as an anticancer agent is restricted by its poor absorption, rapid elimination, and low bioavailability. Nanostructure-drug carriers have opened up a new field in cancer therapy by improving the efficacy of drugs. In this work, we developed a nanoformulation of GA in carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC). The particle size, surface charge and molecular structure of the CMC NPs loaded and unloaded with GA were measured using TEM, DLS and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. The dielectric parameters (permittivity ε′ and dielectric loss ε″) were measured in the frequency range (0.1 Hz–5 MHz) at room temperature. Additionally, the in-vitro anti-cancer effects of the GA, CMC NPs, and GA-CMC NPs were tested against human colon carcinoma (HCT-116), human breast carcinoma (MCF-7), and normal skin fibroblast cells (BJ1) using MTT assay. TEM confirmed that the NPs have a spherical morphology within the size range of 15 nm. DLS studies revealed NPs with a mean diameter of 31.06 nm. The zeta potential results indicated the high suspension stability of the prepared nanoformulation. The FTIR results indicated the interaction between GA and CMC NPs. The dielectric study showed a decrease within the ε″ and conductivity values of GA-CMC NPs which confirmed the successful encapsulation of GA within the CMC NPs. Cytotoxicity studies indicated that the GA-CMC NPs showed specific toxicity towards cancer cells and non-toxicity to normal cells. Overall, these results indicate that the GA-CMC NPs will be an efficient nanocarrier for delivering gallic acid to cancer cells.
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Role of Plant-Derived Active Constituents in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms of Action. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081326. [PMID: 35456005 PMCID: PMC9031068 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant technological advancements in conventional therapies, cancer remains one of the main causes of death worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in the control and treatment of cancer, several limitations still exist, and there is scope for further advancements. Several adverse effects are associated with modern chemotherapy that hinder cancer treatment and lead to other critical disorders. Since ancient times, plant-based medicines have been employed in clinical practice and have yielded good results with few side effects. The modern research system and advanced screening techniques for plants’ bioactive constituents have enabled phytochemical discovery for the prevention and treatment of challenging diseases such as cancer. Phytochemicals such as vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, curcumin, colchicine, and lycopene have shown promising anticancer effects. Discovery of more plant-derived bioactive compounds should be encouraged via the exploitation of advanced and innovative research techniques, to prevent and treat advanced-stage cancers without causing significant adverse effects. This review highlights numerous plant-derived bioactive molecules that have shown potential as anticancer agents and their probable mechanisms of action and provides an overview of in vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies on anticancer phytochemicals.
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Liao M, Qin R, Huang W, Zhu HP, Peng F, Han B, Liu B. Targeting regulated cell death (RCD) with small-molecule compounds in triple-negative breast cancer: a revisited perspective from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:44. [PMID: 35414025 PMCID: PMC9006445 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of human breast cancer with one of the worst prognoses, with no targeted therapeutic strategies currently available. Regulated cell death (RCD), also known as programmed cell death (PCD), has been widely reported to have numerous links to the progression and therapy of many types of human cancer. Of note, RCD can be divided into numerous different subroutines, including autophagy-dependent cell death, apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis and anoikis. More recently, targeting the subroutines of RCD with small-molecule compounds has been emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy, which has rapidly progressed in the treatment of TNBC. Therefore, in this review, we focus on summarizing the molecular mechanisms of the above-mentioned seven major RCD subroutines related to TNBC and the latest progress of small-molecule compounds targeting different RCD subroutines. Moreover, we further discuss the combined strategies of one drug (e.g., narciclasine) or more drugs (e.g., torin-1 combined with chloroquine) to achieve the therapeutic potential on TNBC by regulating RCD subroutines. More importantly, we demonstrate several small-molecule compounds (e.g., ONC201 and NCT03733119) by targeting the subroutines of RCD in TNBC clinical trials. Taken together, these findings will provide a clue on illuminating more actionable low-hanging-fruit druggable targets and candidate small-molecule drugs for potential RCD-related TNBC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minru Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Hong-Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.,Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Yang K, Deng X, Jian S, Zhang M, Wen C, Xin Z, Zhang L, Tong A, Ye S, Liao P, Xiao Z, He S, Zhang F, Deng J, Zhang L, Deng B. Gallic Acid Alleviates Gut Dysfunction and Boosts Immune and Antioxidant Activities in Puppies Under Environmental Stress Based on Microbiome-Metabolomics Analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:813890. [PMID: 35095912 PMCID: PMC8795593 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.813890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life exposure to environmental stress disrupts the gut barrier and leads to inflammatory responses and changes in gut microbiota composition. Gallic acid (GA), a natural plant polyphenol, has received significant interest for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties that support the maintenance of intestinal health. To assess whether dietary supplementation of GA alleviates environmental stress, a total of 19 puppies were randomly allocated to the following three dietary treatments for 2 weeks: 1) basal diet (control (CON)); 2) basal diet + transportation (TS); and 3) basal diet with the addition of 500 mg/kg of GA + transportation (TS+GA). After a 1-week supplementation period, puppies in the TS and TS+GA groups were transported from a stressful environment to another livable location, and puppies in the CON group were then left in the stressful environment. Results indicated that GA markedly reduced the diarrhea rate in puppies throughout the trial period and caused a moderate decline of serum cortisol and HSP-70 levels after transportation. Also, GA alleviated the oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by multiple environmental stressors. Meanwhile, puppies fed GA had a higher abundance of fecal Firmicutes and Lactobacillus and lower Proteobacteria, Escherichia–Shigella, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 after transportation. As a result, the TS+GA group had the highest total short-chain fatty acids and acetic acid. Also, the fecal and serum metabolomics analyses revealed that GA markedly reversed the abnormalities of amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism caused by stresses. Finally, Spearman’s correlation analysis was carried out to explore the comprehensive microbiota and metabolite relationships. Overall, dietary supplementation of GA alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in stressed puppies by causing beneficial shifts on gut microbiota and metabolites that may support gut and host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Deng
- Department of Urology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shiyan Jian
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Trade, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyu Wen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongquan Xin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limeng Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aorigeile Tong
- Research Center of Pet Nutrition, Guangzhou Qingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Shibin Ye
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinfeng Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaili Xiao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shansong He
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingna Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baichuan Deng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Gallic Acid Enhances the Anti-Cancer Effect of Temozolomide in Human Glioma Cell Line via Inhibition of Akt and p38-MAPK Pathway. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Temozolomide (TMZ), an oral alkylating agent, is used to treat malignant gliomas and other difficult-to-treat tumors. TMZ can enter the cerebrospinal fluid p.o. (per os) and does not need hepatic metabolism for activation of its use as a standard chemotherapeutic regimen after surgical resection of malignant glioma of the brain. However, the prognosis remains poor for most patients, and the survival rate is still unsatisfactory. Gallic acid (Ga) is a secondary metabolite existent in numerous plants. Ga shows various bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial effects. In this study, the latent enhanced anti-cancer efficacy of Ga in TMZ-treated U87MG cells (a human glioma line) was evaluated. (2) Methods: The U87MG cell line was cultured for 24 h. The cells were incubated with Ga alone, TMZ alone, or their combination for various time points. Cell viability and the drug combination index were evaluated by an XTT-based analysis and isobologram analysis, respectively. DNA destruction and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were analyzed by flow cytometer. The expression of various proteins was assessed via Western blotting. (3) Results: Compared with the action of TMZ alone or Ga alone, TMZ/Ga combination augmented the inhibition of cellular viability and apoptotic level in the U87MG glioma cell line. This enhanced anti-cancer effect correlated with the decreased expression of Bcl-2 and p-Akt, and corresponded with the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In addition, Ga suppressed the TMZ-promoted ROS generation. (4) Conclusions: Ga can augment the anti-cancer effect of TMZ via the repression of Bcl-2 expression and Akt activation and the enhancement of the p38 MAPK pathway. Our results offer a novel probable approach for the medical treatment of malignant glioma.
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Curcumin as an Enhancer of Therapeutic Efficiency of Chemotherapy Drugs in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042144. [PMID: 35216255 PMCID: PMC8878285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Female breast cancer is the world’s most prevalent cancer in 2020. Chemotherapy still remains a backbone in breast cancer therapy and is crucial in advanced and metastatic breast cancer treatment. The clinical efficiency of chemotherapy regimens is limited due to tumor heterogeneity, chemoresistance, and side effects. Chemotherapeutic drug combinations with natural products hold great promise for enhancing their anticancer efficacy. Curcumin is an ideal chemopreventive and chemotherapy agent owning to its multitargeting function on various regulatory molecules, key signaling pathways, and pharmacological safety. This review aimed to elucidate the potential role of curcumin in enhancing the efficacy of doxorubicin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin via combinational therapy. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemosensitizing activity of these combinations have been addressed. Overall, based on the promising therapeutic potential of curcumin in combination with conventional chemotherapy drugs, curcumin is of considerable value to develop as an adjunct for combination chemotherapy with current drugs to treat breast cancer. Furthermore, this topic may provide the frameworks for the future research direction of curcumin–chemotherapy combination studies and may benefit in the development of a novel therapeutic strategy to maximize the clinical efficacy of anticancer drugs while minimizing their side effects in the future breast cancer treatment.
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26
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Hanieh H, Ibrahim HIM, Mohammed M, Alwassil OI, Abukhalil MH, Farhan M. Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling by gallic acid suppresses progression of human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153817. [PMID: 34782204 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the significant advances in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer remains the most common malignancy and the second cause of death in women. Increasingly, preclinical evidence has suggested aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), a ligand activated transcription factor, a promising therapeutic target in breast cancer. PURPOSE This study aims at screening a number of phenolic compounds to identify an Ahr ligand with suppressive effects on human breast cancer. METHODS Potential interactions between Ahr and phenolic compounds were predicted in silico, and physical interaction was examined by ligand competitive binding in vitro. The MDA-MB-231 and T47D breast cancer cell lines were used to examine the expression of Ahr downstream genes and progression of breast cancer cells in vitro. Binding of Ahr/Ahr nuclear transporter (Arnt) complex to the xenobiotic-responsive element (XRE)-box was examined by DNA-protein interaction (DPI)-ELISA, promoter activity was assessed using luciferase reporter system, and RNA interreference was carried out using electroporation. The real-time PCR and/or immunoblotting were used to quantify gene expressions. Tumor growth in vivo was assessed using a murine orthotopic model. RESULTS A combined computational modeling and in vitro approaches identified gallic acid (GA) as an Ahr ligand with agonistic properties. It induced binding of Ahr/Arnt to the XRE-box, enhanced the promoter activity and expression of Ahr downstream genes including cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and SRY-related HMG-box4 (SOX4)-targeting miR-212/132 cluster and miR-335 in both MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells. GA increased apoptosis while decreased proliferation, migration and invasion capacities of breast cancer cells in an Ahr-dependent fashion. Furthermore, it reduced the levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and SOX4, while selectively increased that of tumor protein 53 (P53), in an Ahr-dependent and -independent fashions. In an in vivo orthotopic model, GA activated Ahr signaling and reduced the growth of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION We identified GA as an Ahr phenolic ligand, and provided evidence on the role of Ahr in mediating its anti-breast cancer effects, indicating that GA, and possibly other phenolic compounds, have important therapeutic implications in human breast cancer through activation of Ahr signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Hanieh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan; International Medical Research Center (iMReC), Aqaba 77110, Jordan.
| | - Hairul-Islam M Ibrahim
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
| | - Osama I Alwassil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H Abukhalil
- Department of Medical Analysis, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan; International Medical Research Center (iMReC), Aqaba 77110, Jordan
| | - Mahdi Farhan
- International Medical Research Center (iMReC), Aqaba 77110, Jordan; Department of Drug Development, UniTechPharma, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
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Mohamad EA, Mohamed ZN, Hussein MA, Elneklawi MS. GANE can Improve Lung Fibrosis by Reducing Inflammation via Promoting p38MAPK/TGF-β1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Downregulation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3109-3120. [PMID: 35097306 PMCID: PMC8792938 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
There is a trend to use nanoparticles as distinct treatments for cancer treatment because they have overcome many of the limitations of traditional drug delivery systems. Gallic acid (GA) is an effective polyphenol in the treatment of tissue injuries. In this study, GA was loaded onto niosomes to produce gallic acid nanoemulsion (GANE) using a green synthesis technique. GANE's efficiency, morphology, UV absorption, release, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were evaluated. An in vitro study was conducted on the A549 lung carcinoma cell line to determine the GANE cytotoxicity. Also, our study was extended to evaluate the protective effect of GANE against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. GANE showed higher encapsulation efficiency and strong absorption at 280 nm. Transmission electron microscopy presented a spherical shape of the prepared nanoparticles, and FTIR demonstrated different spectra for the free gallic acid sample compared to GANE. GANE showed cytotoxicity for the A549 carcinoma lung cell line with a low IC50 value. It was found that oral administration of GANE at 32.8 and 82 mg/kg.b.w. and dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) provided significant protection against LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis. GANE enhanced production of superoxide dismutase, GPx, and GSH. It simultaneously reduced the MDA level. The GANE and dexamethasone, induced the production of IL-4, but suppressed TNF-α and IL-6. On the other hand, the lung p38MAPK, TGF-β1, and NF-κB gene expression was downregulated in rats administrated with GANE when compared with the LPS-treated rats. Histological studies confirmed the effective effect of GANE as it had a lung-protective effect against LPS-induced lung fibrosis. It was noticed that GANE can inhibit oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cytokines and downregulate p38MAPK, TGF-β1, and NF-κB gene expression to suppress the proliferation and migration of lung fibrotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam A. Mohamad
- Biophysics
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo University Street, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Zahraa N. Mohamed
- Medical
Laboratory Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 6th of October City 28125, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Hussein
- Biochemistry
Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 6th of
October City 28125, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Elneklawi
- Biomedical
Equipment Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 6th of October City 28125, Giza, Egypt
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Mitra S, Tareq AM, Das R, Emran TB, Nainu F, Chakraborty AJ, Ahmad I, Tallei TE, Idris AM, Simal-Gandara J. Polyphenols: A first evidence in the synergism and bioactivities. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2026376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Bgc Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia
| | | | - Islamudin Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia
| | - Trina E. Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (Rcams), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, E32004, Spain
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29
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Jabbari N, Feghhi M, Esnaashari O, Soraya H, Rezaie J. Inhibitory effects of gallic acid on the activity of exosomal secretory pathway in breast cancer cell lines: A possible anticancer impact. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2022; 12:549-559. [PMID: 36644548 PMCID: PMC9809134 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2022.23489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer cells produce exosomes that promote tumorigenesis. The anticancer properties of gallic acid have been reported. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer effect on the exosomal secretory pathway is still unclear. We investigated the effect of gallic acid on exosome biogenesis in breast cancer cell lines. Methods: The cytotoxic effect of gallic acid on MCF-10a, MCF-7, and MDA-MD-231 cells was measured by MTT assay after 48 hours treatment. Expression of miRNAs including miRNA-21, -155, and 182 as well as exosomal genes such as Rab27a, b, Rab11, Alix, and CD63; along with HSP-70 (autophagy gene), was determined using Q-PCR. The subcellular distribution of it was monitored by flow cytometry analysis. Isolated exosomes were characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopes and flow cytometry. Acetylcholinesterase activity is used to measure the number of exosomes in supernatants. In addition, autophagy markers including LC3 and P62 were measured by ELISA. Results: Data showed that gallic acid was cytotoxic to cells (P < 0.05). Gallic acid modulated expression of miRNAs and down-regulated transcript levels of exosomal genes and up-regulated the HSP-70 gene in three cell lines (P < 0.05). The surface CD63/total CD63 ratio as well as acetylcholinesterase activity decreased in treated cells (P < 0.05). The protein level of LC3 was increased in three cell lines, while the expression of P62 increased in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Conclusion: Together, gallic acid decreased the activity of the exosomal secretory pathway in breast cancer cell lines, providing evidence for its anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrollah Jabbari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Feghhi
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Soraya
- Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
,Corresponding author: Jafar Rezaie,
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Jiang L, Cai X, Li S, Miao Y, Yang X, Lin M, Chen L, He X, Weng Z. Hydroxyethyl Starch Curcumin Enhances Antiproliferative Effect of Curcumin Against HepG2 Cells via Apoptosis and Autophagy Induction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:755054. [PMID: 34803697 PMCID: PMC8595112 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that curcumin (CUR), as a polyphenol molecule originated from turmeric, has many advantages such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antitumor effects. However, because of its poor water solubility and low bioavailability, the biomedical applications of CUR are limited. So, in this study, we modified CUR with conjugation to a food-derived hydrophilic hydroxyethyl starch (HES) via an ester linkage to fabricate the amphiphilic conjugate HES-CUR prior to self-assembling into uniform nanoparticles (HES-CUR NPs). And, the results of the 1H NMR spectra and FT-IR spectrum showed successful synthesis of HES-CUR NPs; moreover, the solubility and the drug loading efficiency of CUR were significantly increased. Next, we further explored the differences on the antitumor effects between HES-CUR NPs and CUR in HepG2 cells, and the results of the CCK8-assay and cell counting experiment showed that HES-CUR NPs exhibited a more significant antiproliferative effect than that of CUR in HepG2 cells. And HepG2 cells were more sensitive to apoptosis induced by HES-CUR NPs as evidenced by flow cytometry, increased cytochrome c level, and decreased full length caspase-3 and Bcl-2 protein expressions. Additionally, we found that the efficacy of HES-CUR NPs against HepG2 cells might be related to the enhanced degree of mitochondrial damage (decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP) and autophagy (increased levels of Beclin-1 and LC3-II proteins). So, the findings in this study suggest that HES-CUR NPs have a great application potential in antitumor efficacy and play an important role in multiple signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhai Jiang
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Cai
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Miao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Manbian Lin
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaozheng He
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zuquan Weng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
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Tuli HS, Mistry H, Kaur G, Aggarwal D, Garg VK, Mittal S, Yerer MB, Sak K, Khan MA. Gallic acid: a dietary polyphenol that exhibits anti-neoplastic activities by modulating multiple oncogenic targets. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:499-514. [PMID: 34802408 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666211119085834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are being used for thousands of years to prevent dreadful malignancy. Side effects of existing allopathic treatment have also initiated intense research in the field of bioactive phytochemicals. Gallic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound, exists freely as well as in polymeric forms. The anti-cancer properties of gallic acid are indomitable by a variety of cellular pathways such as induction of programmed cell death, cell cycle apprehension, reticence of vasculature and tumor migration, and inflammation. Furthermore, gallic acid is found to show synergism with other existing chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, the antineoplastic role of gallic acid suggests its promising therapeutic candidature in the near future. The present review describes all these aspects of gallic acid at a single platform. In addition nanotechnology-mediated approaches are also discussed to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana. India
| | - Hiral Mistry
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra. India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra. India
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana. India
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali - 140413, Punjab. India
| | - Sonam Mittal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. India
| | - Mükerrem Betül Yerer
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology, Erciyes University Drug Application and Research Center, 05056784551. Turkey
| | | | - Md Asaduzzaman Khan
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000. China
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Rajendran P, Alzahrani AM, Priya Veeraraghavan V, Ahmed EA. Anti-Apoptotic Effect of Flavokawain A on Ochratoxin-A-Induced Endothelial Cell Injury by Attenuation of Oxidative Stress via PI3K/AKT-Mediated Nrf2 Signaling Cascade. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110745. [PMID: 34822529 PMCID: PMC8621493 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the endothelial protective activity of flavokawain A (FKA) against oxidative stress induced by ochratoxin A (OTA), which acts as a mycotoxin, and its primary mechanisms in in vitro models. Reactive oxygen species, in general, regulate oxidative stress that significantly contributes to the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunctions. OTA exerts toxicity through inflammation and the accumulation of ROS. This research is aimed at exploring the defensive function of FKA against the endothelial injury triggered by OTA through the Nrf2 pathway regulated by PI3K/AKT. OTA exposure significantly increased the nuclear translocation of NFκB, whereas we found a reduction in inflammation via NFκB inhibition with FKA treatment. FKA increased the PI3K and AKT phosphorylation, which may lead to the stimulation of antioxidative and antiapoptotic signaling in HUVECs. It also upregulated the phosphorylation of Nrf2 and a concomitant expression of antioxidant genes, such as HO-1, NQO-1, and γGCLC, depending on the dose under the oxidative stress triggered by OTA. Knockdown of Nrf2 through small interfering RNA (siRNA) impedes the protective role of FKA against the endothelial toxicity induced by OTA. In addition, FKA enhanced Bcl2 activation while suppressing apoptosis marker proteins. Therefore, FKA is regarded as a potential agent against endothelial oxidative stress caused by the deterioration of the endothelium. The research findings showed that FKA plays a key role in activating the p-PI3K/p-AKT and Nrf2 signaling pathways, while suppressing caspase-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (E.A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +97-135-899-543
| | - Abdullah M. Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (E.A.A.)
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Emad A. Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (E.A.A.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
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33
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Tangthong T, Piroonpan T, Thipe VC, Khoobchandani M, Katti K, Katti KV, Pasanphan W. Bombesin Peptide Conjugated Water-Soluble Chitosan Gallate-A New Nanopharmaceutical Architecture for the Rapid One-Pot Synthesis of Prostate Tumor Targeted Gold Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6957-6981. [PMID: 34675516 PMCID: PMC8520890 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s327045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We report herein bombesin peptide conjugated water-soluble chitosan gallate as a template for rapid one-pot synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with capabilities to target receptors on prostate cancer cells. METHODS Water-soluble chitosan (WCS), anchored with gallic acid (GA) and LyslLys3 (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclo dodecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) bombesin 1-14 (DBBN) peptide, provides a tumor targeting nanomedicine agent. WCS nanoplatforms provide attractive strategies with built-in capabilities to reduce gold (III) to gold nanoparticles with stabilizing and tumor-targeting capabilities. WCS-GA-DBBN encapsulation around gold nanoparticles affords optimum in vitro stability. RESULTS The DBBN content in the WCS-GA-DBBN sample was ~27%w/w. The antioxidant activities of WCS-GA and WCS-GA-DBBN nanocolloids were enhanced by 12 times as compared to the nascent WCS. AuNPs with a desirable hydrodynamic diameter range of 40-60 nm have been efficiently synthesized using WCS-GA and WCS-GA-DBBN platforms. The AuNPs were stable over 4 days after preparation and ~3 days after subjecting to all relevant biological fluids. The AuNPs capped with WCS-GA-DBBN peptide exhibited superior cellular internalization into prostate tumor (PC-3) cells with evidence of receptor mediated endocytosis. CONCLUSION The AuNPs capped with WCS-GA-DBBN exhibited selective affinity toward prostate cancer cells. AuNPs conjugated with WCS-GA-DBBN serve as a new generation of theranostic agents for treating various neoplastic diseases, thus opening-up new applications in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theeranan Tangthong
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center of Radiation Processing for Polymer Modification and Nanotechnology (CRPN), Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Thananchai Piroonpan
- Center of Radiation Processing for Polymer Modification and Nanotechnology (CRPN), Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Velaphi C Thipe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Menka Khoobchandani
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Kavita Katti
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Kattesh V Katti
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Wanvimol Pasanphan
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center of Radiation Processing for Polymer Modification and Nanotechnology (CRPN), Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Mirzaei S, Hashemi F, Samarghandian S, Zabolian A, Hushmandi K, Ang HL, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Ahn KS, Nabavi N, Khan H, Makvandi P, Varma RS. Gallic acid for cancer therapy: Molecular mechanisms and boosting efficacy by nanoscopical delivery. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112576. [PMID: 34571052 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Majority of recent research efforts in the field aim to address why cancer resistance to therapy develops and how to overcome or prevent it. In line with this, novel anti-cancer compounds are desperately needed for chemoresistant cancer cells. Phytochemicals, in view of their pharmacological activities and capacity to target various molecular pathways, are of great interest in the development of therapeutics against cancer. Plant-derived-natural products have poor bioavailability which restricts their anti-tumor activity. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid exclusively found in natural sources such as gallnut, sumac, tea leaves, and oak bark. In this review, we report on the most recent research related to anti-tumor activities of GA in various cancers with a focus on its underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular pathwaysthat that lead to apoptosis and migration of cancer cells. GA down-regulates the expression of molecular pathways involved in cancer progression such as PI3K/Akt. The co-administration of GA with chemotherapeutic agents shows improvements in suppressing cancer malignancy. Various nano-vehicles such as organic- and inorganic nano-materials have been developed for targeted delivery of GA at the tumor site. Here, we suggest that nano-vehicles improve GA bioavailability and its ability for tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Phd student of pharmacology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hui Li Ang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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35
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Rutz J, Benchellal A, Kassabra W, Maxeiner S, Bernd A, Kippenberger S, Zöller N, Chun FKH, Juengel E, Blaheta RA. Growth, Proliferation and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer Cells Is Blocked by Low-Dose Curcumin in Combination with Light Irradiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189966. [PMID: 34576132 PMCID: PMC8469895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although anti-cancer properties of the natural compound curcumin have been reported, low absorption and rapid metabolisation limit clinical use. The present study investigated whether irradiation with visible light may enhance the inhibitory effects of low-dosed curcumin on prostate cancer cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis in vitro. DU145 and PC3 cells were incubated with low-dosed curcumin (0.1–0.4 µg/mL) and subsequently irradiated with 1.65 J/cm2 visible light for 5 min. Controls remained untreated and/or non-irradiated. Cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, and chemotaxis were evaluated, as was cell cycle regulating protein expression (CDK, Cyclins), and integrins of the α- and β-family. Curcumin or light alone did not cause any significant effects on tumor growth, proliferation, or metastasis. However, curcumin combined with light irradiation significantly suppressed tumor growth, adhesion, and migration. Phosphorylation of CDK1 decreased and expression of the counter-receptors cyclin A and B was diminished. Integrin α and β subtypes were also reduced, compared to controls. Irradiation distinctly enhances the anti-tumor potential of curcumin in vitro and may hold promise in treating prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Rutz
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (J.R.); (A.B.); (W.K.); (S.M.); (F.K.-H.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Aicha Benchellal
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (J.R.); (A.B.); (W.K.); (S.M.); (F.K.-H.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Wajdi Kassabra
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (J.R.); (A.B.); (W.K.); (S.M.); (F.K.-H.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Sebastian Maxeiner
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (J.R.); (A.B.); (W.K.); (S.M.); (F.K.-H.C.); (E.J.)
| | - August Bernd
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.B.); (S.K.); (N.Z.)
| | - Stefan Kippenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.B.); (S.K.); (N.Z.)
| | - Nadja Zöller
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.B.); (S.K.); (N.Z.)
| | - Felix K.-H. Chun
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (J.R.); (A.B.); (W.K.); (S.M.); (F.K.-H.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Eva Juengel
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (J.R.); (A.B.); (W.K.); (S.M.); (F.K.-H.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Roman A. Blaheta
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (J.R.); (A.B.); (W.K.); (S.M.); (F.K.-H.C.); (E.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Kalinowska M, Gołębiewska E, Świderski G, Męczyńska-Wielgosz S, Lewandowska H, Pietryczuk A, Cudowski A, Astel A, Świsłocka R, Samsonowicz M, Złowodzka AB, Priebe W, Lewandowski W. Plant-Derived and Dietary Hydroxybenzoic Acids-A Comprehensive Study of Structural, Anti-/Pro-Oxidant, Lipophilic, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Activity in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 Cell Lines. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093107. [PMID: 34578985 PMCID: PMC8466373 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven derivatives of plant-derived hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA)—including 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic (2,3-DHB, pyrocatechuic), 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic (2,4-DHB, β-resorcylic), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic (2,5-DHB, gentisic), 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic (2,6-DHB, γ-resorcylic acid), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic (3,4-DHB, protocatechuic), 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic (3,5-DHB, α-resorcylic), and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic (3,4,5-THB, gallic) acids—were studied for their structural and biological properties. Anti-/pro-oxidant properties were evaluated by using DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS•+ (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power), CUPRAC (cupric-reducing antioxidant power), and Trolox oxidation assays. Lipophilicity was estimated by means of experimental (HPLC) and theoretical methods. The antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis), and Candida albicans (C. albicans) was studied. The cytotoxicity of HBAs in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was estimated. Moreover, the structure of HBAs was studied by means of experimental (FTIR, 1H, and 13C NMR) and quantum chemical DFT methods (the NBO and CHelpG charges, electrostatic potential maps, and electronic parameters based on the energy of HOMO and LUMO orbitals). The aromaticity of HBA was studied based on the calculated geometric and magnetic aromaticity indices (HOMA, Aj, BAC, I6, NICS). The biological activity of hydroxybenzoic acids was discussed in relation to their geometry, the electronic charge distribution in their molecules, their lipophilicity, and their acidity. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used in the statistical analysis of the obtained data and the discussion of the dependency between the structure and activity (SAR: structure–activity relationship) of HBAs. This work provides valuable information on the potential application of hydroxybenzoic acids as bioactive components in dietary supplements, functional foods, or even drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kalinowska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (R.Ś.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewelina Gołębiewska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (R.Ś.); (M.S.)
| | - Grzegorz Świderski
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (R.Ś.); (M.S.)
| | - Sylwia Męczyńska-Wielgosz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Street, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (S.M.-W.); (H.L.)
| | - Hanna Lewandowska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Street, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (S.M.-W.); (H.L.)
| | - Anna Pietryczuk
- Department of Water Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J Street, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (A.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Adam Cudowski
- Department of Water Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J Street, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (A.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Aleksander Astel
- Environmental Chemistry Research Unit, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22a Street, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland;
| | - Renata Świsłocka
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (R.Ś.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariola Samsonowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (R.Ś.); (M.S.)
| | - Anna Barbara Złowodzka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 Street, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, USA;
| | - Włodzimierz Lewandowski
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland;
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Jalili C, Korani M, Pazhouhi M, Ghanbari A, Zhaleh M, Davoudi S, Rashidi I. Protective effect of gallic acid on nicotine-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:414-424. [PMID: 34447449 PMCID: PMC8356720 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.319579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Nicotine is an alkaloid found in many nutrients and tobacco that can cause infertility in men. Gallic acid is a powerful antioxidant that possesses antimutagenic and anticancer activities. This study aimed to determine the potential protective effect of gallic acid against nicotine-induced testicular toxicity in male mice. Experimental approach In this in vivo study, forty-eight mice were equally divided into eight groups intraperitoneally receiving normal saline (control), nicotine (0.6 mg/kg), gallic acid (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg), and gallic acid (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg) plus nicotine. Nicotine was injected intraperitoneally for 14 days and gallic acid was administered concomitantly with nicotine and continued for 7 days later. Then, body and testicular weights, the sperm parameters (viability, number, motility, and morphology of sperm), and testicular histology were evaluated. Also, serum levels of nitric oxide, total antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and testosterone were measured. Findings/Results The results showed that the administration of nicotine significantly reduced testis and body weight, sperm count, viability, normal morphology and motility, seminiferous tubules diameter, testosterone levels, serum levels of total antioxidants, and superoxide dismutase compared to the control group (P < 0.05). It also significantly increased the level of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Increasing the dose of gallic acid along with nicotine significantly increased body weight, sperm count, viability, normal morphology and motility, the diameter of seminiferous, testosterone concentration, total antioxidant levels (P < 0.05). This combination also significantly decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels compared to the nicotine-receiving group (P < 0.05). Conclusion and implications Gallic acid had a protective effect on nicotine-induced testicular toxicity in mice. It can neutralize the harmful effect of nicotine on male fertility in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Jalili
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
| | - Mastaneh Korani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
| | - Mona Pazhouhi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohsen Zhaleh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
| | - Samira Davoudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
| | - Iraj Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
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Ko EB, Jang YG, Kim CW, Go RE, Lee HK, Choi KC. Gallic Acid Hindered Lung Cancer Progression by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in A549 Lung Cancer Cells via PI3K/Akt Pathway. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 30:151-161. [PMID: 34261818 PMCID: PMC8902450 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study elucidates the anti-cancer potential of gallic acid (GA) as a promising therapeutic agent that exerts its effect by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. To prove our research rationale, we used diverse experimental methods such as cell viability assay, colony formation assay, tumor spheroid formation assay, cell cycle analysis, TUNEL assay, Western blot analysis, xenograft mouse model and histological analysis. Treatment with GA inhibited cell proliferation in dose-dependent manner as measured by cell viability assay at 48 h. GA and cisplatin (CDDP) also inhibited colony formation and tumor spheroid formation. In addition, GA and CDDP induced apoptosis, as determined by the distribution of early and late apoptotic cells and DNA fragmentation. Western blot analysis revealed that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway induced upregulation of p53 (tumor suppressor protein), which in turn regulated cell cycle related proteins such as p21, p27, Cyclin D1 and E1, and intrinsic apoptotic proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3. The anti-cancer effect of GA was further confirmed in an in vivo mouse model. Intraperitoneal injection with GA for 4 weeks in an A549-derived tumor xenograft model reduced the size of tumor mass. Injection of them downregulated the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p-Akt, but upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3 in tumor tissues. Taken together, these results indicated that GA hindered lung cancer progression by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, suggesting that GA would be a potential therapeutic agent against non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eul-Bee Ko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yin-Gi Jang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Farghadani R, Naidu R. Curcumin: Modulator of Key Molecular Signaling Pathways in Hormone-Independent Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143427. [PMID: 34298639 PMCID: PMC8307022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females worldwide. It is a highly heterogeneous disease, classified according to hormone and growth factor receptor expression. Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-negative/human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-negative) and hormone-independent HER2 overexpressing subtypes still represent highly aggressive behavior, metastasis, poor prognosis, and drug resistance. Thus, new alternative anticancer agents based on the use of natural products have been receiving enormous attention. In this regard, curcumin is a promising lead in cancer drug discovery due its ability to modulate a diverse range of molecular targets and signaling pathways. The current review has emphasized the underlying mechanism of curcumin anticancer action mediated through the modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK/STAT, MAPK, NF-ĸB, p53, Wnt/β-catenin, apoptosis, and cell cycle pathways in hormone-independent breast cancer, providing frameworks for future studies and insights to improve its efficiency in clinical practice. Abstract Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Despite the overall successes in breast cancer therapy, hormone-independent HER2 negative breast cancer, also known as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), lacking estrogens and progesterone receptors and with an excessive expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), along with the hormone-independent HER2 positive subtype, still remain major challenges in breast cancer treatment. Due to their poor prognoses, aggressive phenotype, and highly metastasis features, new alternative therapies have become an urgent clinical need. One of the most noteworthy phytochemicals, curcumin, has attracted enormous attention as a promising drug candidate in breast cancer prevention and treatment due to its multi-targeting effect. Curcumin interrupts major stages of tumorigenesis including cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis in hormone-independent breast cancer through the modulation of multiple signaling pathways. The current review has highlighted the anticancer activity of curcumin in hormone-independent breast cancer via focusing on its impact on key signaling pathways including the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, MAPK pathway, NF-ĸB pathway, p53 pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin, as well as apoptotic and cell cycle pathways. Besides, its therapeutic implications in clinical trials are here presented.
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New Nanomaterials with Intrinsic Antioxidant Activity by Surface Functionalization of Niosomes with Natural Phenolic Acids. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060766. [PMID: 34063874 PMCID: PMC8224007 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoantioxidants have emerged as smart devices able to provide improved stability and biocompatibility and sustained and targeted release of conventional antioxidants. In the current research, a new family of nanoantioxidants has been developed by covalently grafting gallic (GA), caffeic (CF) and ferulic (FR) acid on the surfaces of Tween 80 niosomes. First, empty and curcumin (CUR)-loaded vesicles were prepared using a thin-layer evaporation technique and then functionalized with phenolic acids using carbodiimide chemistry. Nanoantioxidants obtained were characterized in terms of size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and loading efficiency. Their antioxidant activity was studied by ABTS and DPPH assays. Surface functionalization of empty and CUR-loaded vesicles provided stable vesicles with intrinsic antioxidant properties. In vitro antioxidant assays highlighted that vesicles functionalized with FR or GA exhibited better antioxidant activity compared to CF-grafted niosomes. Furthermore, vesicles loaded with CUR and functionalized with GA and CF showed an enhanced scavenging ability of ABTS and DPPH radicals, compared to the single antioxidant-loaded formulations, highlighting an important synergic effect of CUR when used in combination with GA ad CF.
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He Z, Liu X, Wu F, Wu S, Rankin GO, Martinez I, Rojanasakul Y, Chen YC. Gallic Acid Induces S and G2 Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro. APPLIED SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3807. [PMID: 34386269 PMCID: PMC8356902 DOI: 10.3390/app11093807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is among the top gynecologic cancers in the US with a death tally of 13,940 in the past year alone. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural compound with pharmacological benefits. In this research, the role of GA on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell cycle-related protein expression was explored in OC cell lines OVCAR-3 and A2780/CP70. After 24,48 and 72 h of GA treatment, the IC50 values in OVCAR-3 cells were 22.14 ± 0.45, 20.36 ± 0.18, 15.13 ± 0.53 μM, respectively and in A2780/CP70 cells IC50 values were 33.53 ± 2.64, 27.18 ± 0.22, 22.81 ± 0.56, respectively. Hoechst 33,342 DNA staining and flow cytometry results showed 20 μM GA exposure could significantly accelerate apoptosis in both OC cell lines and the total apoptotic rate increased from 5.34%(control) to 21.42% in OVCAR-3 cells and from 8.01%(control) to 17.69% in A2780/CP70 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that GA stimulated programmed OC cell death via a p53-dependent intrinsic signaling. In addition, GA arrested cell cycle at the S or G2 phase via p53-p21-Cdc2-cyclin B pathway in the same cells. In conclusion, we provide some evidence of the efficacy of GA in ovarian cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping He
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’ an, Hangzhou 311300, China
- College of Health, Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
| | - Xingquan Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’ an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Fenghua Wu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’ an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shaozhen Wu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’ an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Gary O’Neal Rankin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
| | - Ivan Martinez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology and WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- College of Health, Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
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Development of a cellulose-based scaffold for sustained delivery of curcumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:132-144. [PMID: 33905801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the unique properties of cellulose-based materials, they are attractive to be developed in industrial pharmaceutics and biomedical fields. Carboxymethyl-diethyl amino ethyl cellulose scaffold (CM-DEAEC) has been synthesized in the current work as a smart novel derivative of cellulose with a great functionality in drug delivery systems. The scaffolds were well cross-linked with 2% (v/v) epichlorohydrin (ECH), loaded with curcumin (Cur), and then were analyzed by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and mechanical strength. While developing the ideal delivery platform, curcumin (an important chemotherapeutic agent) was chosen due to its hydrophobicity and poor bioavailability. Thus, we developed a novel scaffold for efficient loading and controlled releasing of curcumin. The swelling ratio of 136%, high curcumin entrapment efficiency (up to 83.7%), sustained in vitro drug release profile, and appropriate degradability in three weeks confirmed significant properties of the CM-DEAEC scaffold. More than 99% antibacterial activity has been observed by the cross-linked curcumin loaded CM-DEAEC scaffolds. Cytotoxicity studies using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining showed that cross-inked curcumin loaded CM-DEAEC scaffolds did not show any toxicity using L929 cells. All experiments were compared with CMC scaffolds and better characteristics of the novel scaffold for drug delivery have been confirmed.
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43
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Malla RR, Farran B, Nagaraju GP. Understanding the function of the tumor microenvironment, and compounds from marine organisms for breast cancer therapy. World J Biol Chem 2021; 12:15-37. [PMID: 33815682 PMCID: PMC8006057 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v12.i2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathology and physiology of breast cancer (BC), including metastasis, and drug resistance, is driven by multiple signaling pathways in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which hamper antitumor immunity. Recently, long non-coding RNAs have been reported to mediate pathophysiological develop-ments such as metastasis as well as immune suppression within the TME. Given the complex biology of BC, novel personalized therapeutic strategies that address its diverse pathophysiologies are needed to improve clinical outcomes. In this review, we describe the advances in the biology of breast neoplasia, including cellular and molecular biology, heterogeneity, and TME. We review the role of novel molecules such as long non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of BC. Finally, we provide an up-to-date overview of anticancer compounds extracted from marine microorganisms, crustaceans, and fishes and their synergistic effects in combination with other anticancer drugs. Marine compounds are a new discipline of research in BC and offer a wide range of anti-cancer effects that could be harnessed to target the various pathways involved in BC development, thus assisting current therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, AP, India
| | - Batoul Farran
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
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Vostrikova SM, Grinev AB, Gogvadze VG. Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Carcinogenesis and Tumor Therapy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 85:1254-1266. [PMID: 33202210 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Strictly regulated balance between the formation and utilization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the basis of normal functioning of organisms. ROS play an important role in the regulation of many metabolic processes; however, excessive content of ROS leads to the development of various disorders, including oncological diseases, as a result of ROS-induced mutations in DNA. In tumors, high levels of oxygen radicals promote cell proliferation and metastasis. On the other hand, high content of ROS can trigger cell death, a phenomenon used in the antitumor therapy. Water- and lipid-soluble antioxidants, as well as antioxidant enzyme systems, can inhibit ROS generation; however, they should be used with caution. Antioxidants can suppress ROS-dependent cell proliferation and metastasis, but at the same time, they may inhibit the death of tumor cells if the antitumor therapeutic agents stimulate oxidative stress. The data on the role of antioxidants in the death of tumor cells and on the effects of antioxidants taken as dietary supplements during antitumor therapy, are contradictory. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which antioxidants can affect tumor and healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Vostrikova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A B Grinev
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V G Gogvadze
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia. .,Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
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Sharma N, Singhal M, Kumari RM, Gupta N, Manchanda R, Syed A, Bahkali AH, Nimesh S. Diosgenin Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles with Potential Anticancer Efficacy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1679. [PMID: 33339083 PMCID: PMC7765552 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the anticancer efficacy of diosgenin encapsulated poly-glycerol malate co-dodecanedioate (PGMD) nanoparticles. Diosgenin loaded PGMD nanoparticles (variants 7:3 and 6:4) were synthesized by the nanoprecipitation method. The synthesis of PGMD nanoparticles was systematically optimized employing the Box-Behnken design and taking into account the influence of various independent variables such as concentrations of each PGMD, diosgenin and PF-68 on the responses such as size and PDI of the particles. Mathematical modeling was done using the Quadratic second order modeling method and response surface analysis was undertaken to elucidate the factor-response relationship. The obtained size of PGMD 7:3 and PGMD 6:4 nanoparticles were 133.6 nm and 121.4 nm, respectively, as measured through dynamic light scattering (DLS). The entrapment efficiency was in the range of 77-83%. The in vitro drug release studies showed diffusion and dissolution controlled drug release pattern following Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. Furthermore, in vitro morphological and cytotoxic studies were performed to evaluate the toxicity of synthesized drug loaded nanoparticles in model cell lines. The IC50 after 48 h was observed to be 27.14 µM, 15.15 µM and 13.91 µM for free diosgenin, PGMD 7:3 and PGMD 6:4 nanoparticles, respectively, when administered in A549 lung carcinoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, India; (N.S.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Monisha Singhal
- Department of Biotechnology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur 302020, India; (M.S.); (N.G.)
| | - R. Mankamna Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, India; (N.S.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur 302020, India; (M.S.); (N.G.)
| | - Romila Manchanda
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram 122103, India;
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Surendra Nimesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, India; (N.S.); (R.M.K.)
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Rao Rao Shimoga Janakirama A, Mathad Shivayogi S, Kolkar Satyanarayana J, Chapeyil Kumaran R. Characterization of isolated compounds from Morus spp. and their biological activity as anticancer molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 11:187-197. [PMID: 34336607 PMCID: PMC8314033 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2021.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: The genus Morus is well known for its medicinal benefits from time immemorial. The present work reported the health-promoting properties of the biologically active molecules present in different species of the genus Morus. Methods: Different solvent extracts of the three plant species of Morus were investigated initially for their antioxidant effects, followed by in vitro anticancer studies against MCF7 and 3T3 cell lines along with their bioactive isolates viz. cathafuran-B, moracin-M, and Ursolic acid. Further, in silico docking studies were performed for the isolated compounds to predict their probable mode of interaction with P38Map Kinase. Results: The results indicated that all three species under study possessed remarkable antioxidant effects which are supported by a linear and positive correlation between different antioxidant activities. The in vitro cell antiproliferative test indicated that the cell survivability decreased with an increase in the concentration of extracts and compounds. Among the extracts, M. laevigata methanol extract showed 21.57, 6.27% of cell survival against MCF7 and 3T3 cell lines at 800 µg/mL concentration while among the isolated compounds, ursolic acid showed 8.46, 17.58% of cell survival at 200 µg/mL concentration. Among the three compounds docked, ursolic acid showed greater binding affinity towards the target protein in terms of its binding energy (-9.97 kJ/mol) compared to Cathafuran B (-8.35 kJ/mol) and Moracin M (-6.91 kJ/mol). Conclusion: The study generated interesting results in terms of health benefits of Morus species by documenting their antioxidant and anticancer activities, thereby validating the folk claims of therapeutic benefits of mulberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Rao Rao Shimoga Janakirama
- Molecular Biomedicine laboratory, PG Department of Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College campus, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India.,Department of Plant Cell Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Suma Mathad Shivayogi
- Molecular Biomedicine laboratory, PG Department of Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College campus, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India
| | - Jamuna Kolkar Satyanarayana
- Molecular Biomedicine laboratory, PG Department of Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College campus, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramesh Chapeyil Kumaran
- Molecular Biomedicine laboratory, PG Department of Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College campus, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India
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Comparative studies of two vegetal extracts from Stokesia laevis and Geranium pratense: polyphenol profile, cytotoxic effect and antiproliferative activity. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, two ethanolic extracts, from Stokesia aster (Slae26) and Geranium pratense (Gpre36) respectively, were evaluated in order to assess the cytotoxic activity and potential antiproliferative activity upon the nontumorigenic human epithelial cell line derived from the mammary gland (MCF-12A) and the human breast tumor cell line (BT-20). The selection of the plant species was done on the basis of their chemical composition, specifically combinations of luteolin derivatives with caffeic and gallic acid derivatives. Therefore, the S. laevis ethanolic extract proved its capacity to inhibit the viability of both normal and tumor breast cell lines (i.e., up to 90% cell viability inhibition, IC50 = 42 µg/mL). On the contrary, the G. pratense ethanolic extract proved weak stimulatory effects on the viability of the two human breast cell lines studied. The obtained results were discussed in the contexts of computational studies and drug-likeness bioactivity of seven common luteolin derivatives: luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside/cynaroside, luteolin-5-O-glucoside/galuteolin, luteolin-6-C-glucoside/isoorientin, luteolin-8-C-glucoside/orientin, luteolin-3′,4′-di-O-glucoside and luteolin-7,3′-di-O-glucoside. Computational studies have revealed that the hydrophilic behavior of luteolin derivatives (log P values) does not follow other tested parameters (e.g., polar surface area values), possibly explaining different efficacy concerning the biological properties in vitro. These predictions could be a starting point for studies on the biochemical mechanism by which luteolin derivatives induce biological effects.
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Jang YG, Ko EB, Choi KC. Gallic acid, a phenolic acid, hinders the progression of prostate cancer by inhibition of histone deacetylase 1 and 2 expression. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 84:108444. [PMID: 32615369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is known to possess diverse biological activities, including anticancer. Histone deacetylase (HDACs) are controlled by tumor suppressor gene transcription and are overexpressed in various tumors, resulting in tumor development, progression and poor prognosis. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of GA on inhibition of prostate cancer (PCa) progression by modulating the expression of HDAC1 and 2 in PCa cells. To prove our research rationale, we used diverse experimental methods. GA decreased the cell viability of only PCa cell lines and not normal cells (contrary to another HDAC inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) and also inhibited colony and tumor spheroid formation. Exposure to GA decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), increased the number of apoptotic cells and induced DNA fragmentation. Western blot analysis revealed down-regulated expression of HDAC1 and 2, leading to up-regulation of acetyl-p53 expression at the protein level, subsequent to down-regulating the expression of cell-cycle-related genes, i.e., proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cyclin D1 and E1, up-regulating the expression of cell cycle arrest gene p21 and regulating the expression of apoptosis intrinsic pathway-related genes, such as Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved Caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 in both PCa cell lines. Furthermore, oral administration of GA for 8 weeks on PC-3 cells-derived tumor xenograft mice model decreases the tumor size, damages the tumor structure and down-regulates the expression of HDAC1 and 2 and PCNA in tumor mass, as confirmed by histological analysis. These results indicated that GA may hinder the PCa progression by inhibiting HDAC1 and 2 expression, thereby demonstrating the potential of GA to be used as HDACs inhibitor and anti-PCa therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Gi Jang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul-Bee Ko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Modulation of Mitochondrial Metabolic Reprogramming and Oxidative Stress to Overcome Chemoresistance in Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010135. [PMID: 31947673 PMCID: PMC7023176 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, carried out by cancer cells to rapidly adapt to stress such as hypoxia and limited nutrient conditions, is an emerging concepts in tumor biology, and is now recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer. In contrast with conventional views, based on the classical Warburg effect, these metabolic alterations require fully functional mitochondria and finely-tuned regulations of their activity. In turn, the reciprocal regulation of the metabolic adaptations of cancer cells and the microenvironment critically influence disease progression and response to therapy. This is also realized through the function of specific stress-adaptive proteins, which are able to relieve oxidative stress, inhibit apoptosis, and facilitate the switch between metabolic pathways. Among these, the molecular chaperone tumor necrosis factor receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1), the most abundant heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family member in mitochondria, is particularly relevant because of its role as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor, depending on the metabolic features of the specific tumor. This review highlights the interplay between metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression, and the role of mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress in this setting, examining the possibility of targeting pathways of energy metabolism as a therapeutic strategy to overcome drug resistance, with particular emphasis on natural compounds and inhibitors of mitochondrial HSP90s.
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Guo L, Cao JH, Wei TT, Li JH, Feng YK, Wang LP, Sun Y, Chai YR. Gallic acid attenuates thymic involution in the d-galactose induced accelerated aging mice. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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