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Amini E, Shokrnejad-namin T, Zarrindast MR, Khakpai F. Synergistic effect between citalopram and muscimol upon induction of anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in male mice: An isobologram analysis. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:353-360. [PMID: 38415182 PMCID: PMC10897807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence that both the GABAergic system and serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as citalopram are involved in the modulation of anxiety and depression processes. In this research, we examined the effects of GABAA receptor agents and citalopram on anxiety- and depression-related behaviors and their interaction in male mice. Methods For intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion, a guide cannula was implanted in the left lateral ventricle. Anxiety and depression behaviors were evaluated using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST). Results The results revealed that i.c.v. microinjection of muscimol (1 µg/mouse) enhanced % OAT (open arm time) and % OAE (open arm entries) in the EPM test and decreased immobility time in the FST without affecting locomotor activity, presenting anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviors in the EPM and FST, respectively. On the other hand, i.c.v. microinjection of bicuculline (1 µg/mouse) reduced % OAT and % OAE without affecting locomotor activity and immobility time, presenting an anxiogenic-like effect. Moreover, i.p. administration of citalopram (8 mg/kg) increased %OAT and %OAE and reduced immobility time with no effect on locomotor activity, showing anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like responses in male mice. Furthermore, i.c.v. infusion of an ineffective dosage of muscimol potentiated the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like responses induced by i.p. injection of citalopram in male mice. When citalopram and bicuculline were co-injected, a non-significant dose of bicuculline reversed the anxiolytic-like effect of citalopram in male mice. Also, the data revealed synergistic anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviors between citalopram and muscimol in male mice. Conclusions The results suggested an interaction between citalopram and GABAergic agents on the modulation of anxiety and depression behaviors in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Amini
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taha Shokrnejad-namin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Pirbalouti RG, Mohseni MM, Taheri M, Neishabouri SM, Shirvani-Farsani Z. Deregulation of NF-κB associated long non-coding RNAs in bipolar disorder. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2223-2230. [PMID: 37278925 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are major genetic factors whose disruption lead to many diseases, including nervous system diseases. Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuro-psychiatric disease with no definitive diagnosis and incomplete treatment. Regarding the role of NF-κB-associated lncRNAs in the neuro-psychiatric disorders, we examined the expression of three lncRNAs, DICER1-AS1, DILC, and CHAST, in BD patients. To assess lncRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 50 BD patients and 50 healthy individuals, Real-time PCR was used. Additionally, some clinical characteristics of BD patients were investigated via an analysis of ROC curves and correlations. Based on our results, the expression level of CHAST increased significantly in BD patients in comparison with healthy people, in BD men compared with healthy men, as well as in BD women in comparison with control females (p < 0.05). A similar increase in expression was observed for DILC and DICER1-AS1 lncRNAs in female patients compared with healthy women. Whereas compared to healthy men, DILC was decreased in diseased men. Based on the results of the ROC curve, the area under the curve (AUC) for CHAST lncRNA was 0.83 with a P value of 0.0001. So, the expression level of CHAST lncRNA could play a role in the pathobiology of the BD and be considered a good putative biomarker for individuals with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Ghasemi Pirbalouti
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mehrab Mohseni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medicals Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Morvarid Neishabouri
- Department of Psychiatric, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medicals Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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Lax E, Do Carmo S, Enuka Y, Sapozhnikov DM, Welikovitch LA, Mahmood N, Rabbani SA, Wang L, Britt JP, Hancock WW, Yarden Y, Szyf M. Methyl-CpG binding domain 2 (Mbd2) is an epigenetic regulator of autism-risk genes and cognition. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:259. [PMID: 37443311 PMCID: PMC10344909 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Methyl-CpG-Binding Domain Protein family has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. The Methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (Mbd2) binds methylated DNA and was shown to play an important role in cancer and immunity. Some evidence linked this protein to neurodevelopment. However, its exact role in neurodevelopment and brain function is mostly unknown. Here we show that Mbd2-deficiency in mice (Mbd2-/-) results in deficits in cognitive, social and emotional functions. Mbd2 binds regulatory DNA regions of neuronal genes in the hippocampus and loss of Mbd2 alters the expression of hundreds of genes with a robust down-regulation of neuronal gene pathways. Further, a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis found an altered DNA methylation pattern in regulatory DNA regions of neuronal genes in Mbd2-/- mice. Differentially expressed genes significantly overlap with gene-expression changes observed in brains of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) individuals. Notably, downregulated genes are significantly enriched for human ortholog ASD risk genes. Observed hippocampal morphological abnormalities were similar to those found in individuals with ASD and ASD rodent models. Hippocampal Mbd2 knockdown partially recapitulates the behavioral phenotypes observed in Mbd2-/- mice. These findings suggest that Mbd2 is a novel epigenetic regulator of genes that are associated with ASD in humans. Mbd2 loss causes behavioral alterations that resemble those found in ASD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elad Lax
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Sonia Do Carmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yehoshua Enuka
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Daniel M Sapozhnikov
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lindsay A Welikovitch
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Niaz Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shafaat A Rabbani
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Liqing Wang
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Britt
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wayne W Hancock
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Moshe Szyf
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Sanderson JL, Freund RK, Castano AM, Benke TA, Dell'Acqua ML. The Ca V1.2 G406R mutation decreases synaptic inhibition and alters L-type Ca 2+ channel-dependent LTP at hippocampal synapses in a mouse model of Timothy Syndrome. Neuropharmacology 2022; 220:109271. [PMID: 36162529 PMCID: PMC9644825 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic alterations in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) frequently disrupt balance between synaptic excitation and inhibition and alter plasticity in the hippocampal CA1 region. Individuals with Timothy Syndrome (TS), a genetic disorder caused by CaV1.2 L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) gain-of function mutations, such as G406R, exhibit social deficits, repetitive behaviors, and cognitive impairments characteristic of ASD that are phenocopied in TS2-neo mice expressing G406R. Here, we characterized hippocampal CA1 synaptic function in male TS2-neo mice and found basal excitatory transmission was slightly increased and inhibitory transmission strongly decreased. We also found distinct impacts on two LTCC-dependent forms of long-term potentiation (LTP) synaptic plasticity that were not readily consistent with LTCC gain-of-function. LTP induced by high-frequency stimulation (HFS) was strongly impaired in TS2-neo mice, suggesting decreased LTCC function. Yet, CaV1.2 expression, basal phosphorylation, and current density were similar for WT and TS2-neo. However, this HFS-LTP also required GABAA receptor activity, and thus may be impaired in TS2-neo due to decreased inhibitory transmission. In contrast, LTP induced in WT mice by prolonged theta-train (PTT) stimulation in the presence of a β-adrenergic receptor agonist to increase CaV1.2 phosphorylation was partially induced in TS2-neo mice by PTT stimulation alone, consistent with increased LTCC function. Overall, our findings provide insights regarding how altered CaV1.2 channel function disrupts basal transmission and plasticity that could be relevant for neurobehavioral alterations in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Sanderson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8303, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ronald K Freund
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8303, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Anna M Castano
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8303, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Timothy A Benke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8303, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology, and Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8303, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave, Mail Stop 8303, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Zhen H, Zheng M, Geng H, Song Q, Gao L, Yuan Z, Deng H, Pang Q, Zhao B. The feedback loop between calcineurin, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, and nuclear factor of activated T-cells regulates the number of GABAergic neurons during planarian head regeneration. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:988803. [PMID: 36172263 PMCID: PMC9510629 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.988803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in the excitatory/inhibitory balance of brain neural circuits are the main source of encephalopathy during neurodevelopment. Changes in the function of neural circuits can lead to depolarization or repeat rhythmic firing of neurons in a manner similar to epilepsy. GABAergic neurons are inhibitory neurons found in all the main domains of the CNS. Previous studies suggested that DjCamkII and DjCaln play a crucial role in the regulation of GABAergic neurons during planarian regeneration. However, the mechanisms behind the regeneration of GABAergic neurons have not been fully explained. Herein, we demonstrated that DjCamkII and DjCaln were mutual negative regulation during planarian head regeneration. DjNFAT exerted feedback positive regulation on both DjCaln and DjCamkII. Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that DjNFAT was predominantly expressed in the pharynx and parenchymal cells in intact planarian. Interestingly, during planarian head regeneration, DjNFAT was predominantly located in the newborn brain. Down-regulation of DjNFAT led to regeneration defects in the brain including regenerative brain became small and the lateral nerves cannot be regenerated completely, and a decreasein the number of GABAergic neurons during planarian head regeneration. These findings suggest that the feedback loop between DjCaln, DjCamkII, and DjNFAT is crucial for the formation of GABAergic neurons during planarian head regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhen
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shandong University of Technology, Nantong, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huazhi Geng
- Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Qian Song
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shandong University of Technology, Nantong, China
| | - Lili Gao
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shandong University of Technology, Nantong, China
| | - Zuoqing Yuan
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shandong University of Technology, Nantong, China
| | - Hongkuan Deng
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shandong University of Technology, Nantong, China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shandong University of Technology, Nantong, China
| | - Bosheng Zhao
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shandong University of Technology, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Bosheng Zhao,
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6
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Fathalizade F, Baghani M, Khakpai F, Fazli-Tabaei S, Zarrindast MR. GABA-ergic agents modulated the effects of histamine on male mice behavior in the elevated plus-maze. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:233-242. [PMID: 35137999 DOI: 10.1113/ep090060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the main question of this study? Is there an interaction between histamine and GABAergic system on modulation of anxiety in mice? What is the main finding and its importance? There is a synergistic anxiogenic effect between histamine and bicuculline in mice. This effect may be due to a direct or indirect effect of the histaminergic system on the GABAergic system. ABSTRACT There are documents that both histaminergic and GABAergic systems are participated in the neurobiology of anxiety behavior. In the current research, we investigated the effects of the histaminergic system and GABAA receptor agents on anxiety-related behaviors and their interaction using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test in mice. Intraperitoneally (i.p.) administration of muscimol (0.12 and 0.25 mg/kg) increased the open arm time (OAT) (p < 0.001) without affecting the open arm entries (OAE) and locomotor activity, showing an anxiolytic effect. I.p. injection of bicuculline (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) decreased OAT (p < 0.001) but not OAE and locomotor activity, suggesting an anxiogenic behavior. Intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) microinjection of histamine (2.5 and 5 μg/mouse) declined OAT (p < 0.001) but not OAE and locomotor activity, indicating an anxiogenic response. Co-administration of histamine with GABAergic agents, muscimol (0.06 mg/kg; i.p.) and bicuculline (0.25 mg/kg; i.p.), decreased (p < 0.001) and increased (p < 0.05) the anxiogenic-like response of the effective dose (5 μg/mouse; i.c.v.) of histamine, respectively. In addition, co-treatment of effective doses of histamine (2.5 and 5 μg/mouse;i.c.v.) along with an effective dose of muscimol (0.12 mg/kg;i.p.) and not-effective dose of bicuculline (0.25 mg/kg; i.p.) significantly decreased OAT (p < 0.001), suggesting a likely interaction between the histaminergic and GABAergic systems on the regulation of anxiety. The results demonstrated a synergistic anxiogenic-like effect between histamine and bicuculline in mice. In conclusion, our results presented an interaction between the histaminergic and GABAergic systems on anxiolytic/anxiogenic-like behaviors in the EPM test. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Fathalizade
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Baghani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Fazli-Tabaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Cao Y, Wu HN, Cao XL, Yue KY, Han WJ, Cao ZP, Zhang YF, Gao XY, Luo C, Jiang XF, Han H, Zheng MH. Transmembrane Protein Ttyh1 Maintains the Quiescence of Neural Stem Cells Through Ca 2+/NFATc3 Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:779373. [PMID: 34869383 PMCID: PMC8635056 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.779373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The quiescence, activation, and subsequent neurogenesis of neural stem cells (NSCs) play essential roles in the physiological homeostasis and pathological repair of the central nervous system. Previous studies indicate that transmembrane protein Ttyh1 is required for the stemness of NSCs, whereas the exact functions in vivo and precise mechanisms are still waiting to be elucidated. By constructing Ttyh1-promoter driven reporter mice, we determined the specific expression of Ttyh1 in quiescent NSCs and niche astrocytes. Further evaluations on Ttyh1 knockout mice revealed that Ttyh1 ablation leads to activated neurogenesis and enhanced spatial learning and memory in adult mice (6-8 weeks). Correspondingly, Ttyh1 deficiency results in accelerated exhaustion of NSC pool and impaired neurogenesis in aged mice (12 months). By RNA-sequencing, bioinformatics and molecular biological analysis, we found that Ttyh1 is involved in the regulation of calcium signaling in NSCs, and transcription factor NFATc3 is a critical effector in quiescence versus cell cycle entry regulated by Ttyh1. Our research uncovered new endogenous mechanisms that regulate quiescence versus activation of NSCs, therefore provide novel targets for the intervention to activate quiescent NSCs to participate in injury repair during pathology and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hai-ning Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiu-li Cao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kang-yi Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen-juan Han
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zi-peng Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu-fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiang-yu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ceng Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao-fan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Min-hua Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Regulation of GABA A Receptors Induced by the Activation of L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11070486. [PMID: 34209589 PMCID: PMC8304739 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
GABAA receptors are pentameric ion channels that mediate most synaptic and tonic extrasynaptic inhibitory transmissions in the central nervous system. There are multiple GABAA receptor subtypes constructed from 19 different subunits in mammals that exhibit different regional and subcellular distributions and distinct pharmacological properties. Dysfunctional alterations of GABAA receptors are associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. Short- and long-term plastic changes in GABAA receptors can be induced by the activation of different intracellular signaling pathways that are triggered, under physiological and pathological conditions, by calcium entering through voltage-gated calcium channels. This review discusses several mechanisms of regulation of GABAA receptor function that result from the activation of L-type voltage gated calcium channels. Calcium influx via these channels activates different signaling cascades that lead to changes in GABAA receptor transcription, phosphorylation, trafficking, and synaptic clustering, thus regulating the inhibitory synaptic strength. These plastic mechanisms regulate the interplay of synaptic excitation and inhibition that is crucial for the normal function of neuronal circuits.
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Zhong H, Rong J, Zhu C, Liang M, Li Y, Zhou R. Epigenetic Modifications of GABAergic Interneurons Contribute to Deficits in Adult Hippocampus Neurogenesis and Depression-Like Behavior in Prenatally Stressed Mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:274-285. [PMID: 32211762 PMCID: PMC7177164 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal stress (PRS) is considered a risk factor for depressive disorder. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is believed to play a role in the regulation of affective behaviors. GABAergic interneuron is a key modulator in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Growing evidence indicates that PRS has adverse effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and DNA epigenetic modifications of the GABAergic system. The aim of this study was to investigate whether epigenetic GABAergic dysfunction participates in the negative impact of PRS on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and related emotional behaviors. METHODS Behavioral tests were used to explore PRS-induced depression-like behaviors of adult female mice. Immunohistochemistry staining, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were employed to detect adult neurogenesis and epigenetic changes of the GABAergic system in the hippocampus of PRS mice. RESULTS PRS mice developed a depression phenotype accompanied by the inhibited maturation of hippocampal newborn neurons. Compared with control mice, PRS mice showed decreased expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 at the mRNA and protein levels. GABAA receptor agonist phenobarbital could rectify the decrease of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine/neuronal nuclei double-positive (BrdU+/NeuN+) cells in PRS mice. PRS mice also showed increased expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 and increased binding of DNA methyltransferase 1 to glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 promoter region. The treatment with DNA methyltransferase 1 inhibitor 5-aza-deoxycytidine restored the decrease of BrdU+/NeuN+ cells and depression-like behaviors in PRS mice via improving GABAergic system. CONCLUSIONS The present results indicate that epigenetic changes of the GABAergic system are responsible for adult hippocampus neurogenesis and depression-like behaviors in PRS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiquan Zhong
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Rong
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunting Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China,Correspondence: Rong Zhou, PhD, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Longmian Avenue 101, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China 211166 ()
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10
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Choi MR, Jin YB, Bang SH, Im CN, Lee Y, Kim HN, Chang KT, Lee SR, Kim DJ. Age-related Effects of Heroin on Gene Expression in the Hippocampus and Striatum of Cynomolgus Monkeys. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 18:93-108. [PMID: 31958910 PMCID: PMC7006971 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2020.18.1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate differentially expressed genes and their functions in the hippocampus and striatum after heroin administration in cynomolgus macaques of different ages. Methods Cynomolgus monkeys were divided by age as follows: 1 year (A1, n = 2); 3 to 4 years (A2, n = 2); 6 to 8 years (A3, n = 2); and older than 11 years (A4, n = 2). After heroin was injected intramuscularly into the monkeys (0.6 mg/kg), we performed large-scale transcriptome profiling in the hippocampus (H) and striatum (S) using RNA sequencing technology. Some genes were validated with real-time quantitative PCR. Results In the hippocampus, the gene expression of A1H was similar to that of A4H, while the gene expression of A2H was similar to that of A3H. Genes associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway (STMN1, FGF14, and MAPT) and γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic synapses (GABBR2 and GAD1) were differentially expressed among control and heroin-treated animals. Differential gene expression between A1S and A4S was the least significant, while differential gene expression between A3S and A2S was the most significant. Genes associated with the neurotrophin signaling pathway (NTRK1 and NGFR), autophagy (ATG5), and dopaminergic synapses (AKT1) in the striatum were differentially expressed among control and heroin-treated animals. Conclusion These results suggest that even a single heroin exposure can cause differential gene expression in the hippocampus and striatum of nonhuman primates at different ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ran Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeung-Bae Jin
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sol Hee Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Nim Im
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngjeon Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Korea
| | - Han-Na Kim
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Chang
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dai-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Interneuron Accumulation of Phosphorylated tau Impairs Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis by Suppressing GABAergic Transmission. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:331-345.e6. [PMID: 31978364 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phospho-tau accumulation and adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) impairment both contribute importantly to the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but whether and how tau dysregulates AHN in AD remain poorly understood. Here, we found a prominent accumulation of phosphorylated tau in GABAergic interneurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of AD patients and mice. Specific overexpression of human tau (hTau) in mice DG interneurons induced AHN deficits but increased neural stem cell-derived astrogliosis, associating with a downregulation of GABA and hyperactivation of neighboring excitatory neurons. Chemogenetic inhibition of excitatory neurons or pharmacologically strengthening GABAergic tempos rescued the tau-induced AHN deficits and improved contextual cognition. These findings evidenced that intracellular accumulation of tau in GABAergic interneurons impairs AHN by suppressing GABAergic transmission and disinhibiting neural circuits within the neurogenic niche, suggesting a potential of GABAergic potentiators for pro-neurogenic or cell therapies of AD.
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12
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Liang M, Zhong H, Rong J, Li Y, Zhu C, Zhou L, Zhou R. Postnatal Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Impairs Adult Neurogenesis and Causes Depression-like Behaviors Through Astrocytes Activation Triggering GABAA Receptor Downregulation. Neuroscience 2019; 422:21-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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13
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Gao X, Zheng R, Ma X, Gong Z, Xia D, Zhou Q. Elevated Level of PKMζ Underlies the Excessive Anxiety in an Autism Model. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:291. [PMID: 31849605 PMCID: PMC6893886 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety affects the life quality of a significant percentage of autism patients. To understand the possible biological basis of this high anxiety level, we used a valproic acid (VPA) model of autism. Anxiety level is significantly higher in VPA-injected mice, at both P35 and P70. In addition, protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ) level in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is significantly higher in VPA mice at both ages. Consistent with this finding, infusion of a PKMζ-blocking peptide z-pseudosubstrate inhibitory peptide (ZIP) into BLA significantly reduced anxiety levels in VPA mice. Furthermore, viral overexpression of PKMζ in the BLA led to elevated anxiety level in Wild Type (WT) mice, with concomitant higher intrinsic excitability of BLA excitatory neurons. Altogether, our results indicate a key contribution of BLA PKMζ level to anxiety, especially in autism; and this finding may provide a further understanding of the pathogenesis as well as treatment of anxiety symptoms in autism patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Gao
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiting Gong
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Dan Xia
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Child Healthcare, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Kundu P, Lee HU, Garcia-Perez I, Tay EXY, Kim H, Faylon LE, Martin KA, Purbojati R, Drautz-Moses DI, Ghosh S, Nicholson JK, Schuster S, Holmes E, Pettersson S. Neurogenesis and prolongevity signaling in young germ-free mice transplanted with the gut microbiota of old mice. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:11/518/eaau4760. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau4760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota evolves as the host ages, yet the effects of these microbial changes on host physiology and energy homeostasis are poorly understood. To investigate these potential effects, we transplanted the gut microbiota of old or young mice into young germ-free recipient mice. Both groups showed similar weight gain and skeletal muscle mass, but germ-free mice receiving a gut microbiota transplant from old donor mice unexpectedly showed increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus of the brain and increased intestinal growth. Metagenomic analysis revealed age-sensitive enrichment in butyrate-producing microbes in young germ-free mice transplanted with the gut microbiota of old donor mice. The higher concentration of gut microbiota–derived butyrate in these young transplanted mice was associated with an increase in the pleiotropic and prolongevity hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). An increase in FGF21 correlated with increased AMPK and SIRT-1 activation and reduced mTOR signaling. Young germ-free mice treated with exogenous sodium butyrate recapitulated the prolongevity phenotype observed in young germ-free mice receiving a gut microbiota transplant from old donor mice. These results suggest that gut microbiota transplants from aged hosts conferred beneficial effects in responsive young recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Kundu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory for Microbiota-Host Interactions, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hae Ung Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Isabel Garcia-Perez
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, SW72AZ London, UK
| | - Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Llanto Elma Faylon
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Katherine A. Martin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Rikky Purbojati
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | | | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Penningtion Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- Australian National Phenome Center, Murdoch University Perth, Perth, Western Australia, WA6150 Australia
| | - Stephan Schuster
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, SW72AZ London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sven Pettersson
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, SE 17 177 Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Wang YC, Dzyubenko E, Sanchez-Mendoza EH, Sardari M, Silva de Carvalho T, Doeppner TR, Kaltwasser B, Machado P, Kleinschnitz C, Bassetti CL, Hermann DM. Postacute Delivery of GABA A α5 Antagonist Promotes Postischemic Neurological Recovery and Peri-infarct Brain Remodeling. Stroke 2019; 49:2495-2503. [PMID: 30355106 PMCID: PMC6159671 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.021378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background and Purpose— Poststroke, neuronal excitability is tonically reduced in peri-infarct tissue via inhibitory influences of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors. We hypothesized that GABAA α5 blockade by the competitive antagonist S44819 enhances postischemic neurological recovery, brain remodeling, and neuroplasticity. Methods— In an explorative study followed by a confirmation study, male C57Bl6/j mice were exposed to transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Starting 72 hours poststroke, vehicle or S44819 (3 or 10 mg/kg, BID) was delivered orally for 28 days. Neurological recovery, perilesional tissue remodeling, and contralesional pyramidal tract plasticity were evaluated for 42 days, that is, 14 days after completion of S44819 delivery. Results— S44819, delivered at 10 but not 3 mg/kg, persistently improved motor coordination and spatial memory in both studies. Striatal atrophy was reduced by 10 mg/kg S44819 at 42 days post-treatment onset, and neuronal long-term survival in the peri-infarct striatum was increased. Delayed neuroprotection was associated with reduced peri-infarct astrogliosis, increased peri-infarct brain capillary density, and increased neural precursor cell proliferation and differentiation in proximity to the ipsilesional subventricular zone. Contralesional pyramidal tract plasticity, evaluated by anterograde tract tracing at the level of the red nucleus, was not influenced by S44819. Concentrations of neurotrophic (brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) and angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor) growth factors were elevated by 10 mg/kg S44819 in peri-infarct but not contralesional brain tissue. Conclusions— Our data demonstrate that S44819 enhances neurological recovery and peri-infarct brain remodeling in the postacute stroke phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chao Wang
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
| | - Egor Dzyubenko
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
| | - Eduardo H Sanchez-Mendoza
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
| | - Maryam Sardari
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
| | - Tayana Silva de Carvalho
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
| | - Thorsten R Doeppner
- Department of Neurology, University of Goettingen Medical School, Germany (T.R.D.)
| | - Britta Kaltwasser
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
| | - Patricia Machado
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Suresnes, France (P.M.)
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
| | | | - Dirk M Hermann
- From the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany (Y.-c.W., E.D., E.H.S.-M., M.S., T.S.d.C., B.K., C.K., D.M.H.)
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16
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Jafarian M, Modarres Mousavi SM, Alipour F, Aligholi H, Noorbakhsh F, Ghadipasha M, Gharehdaghi J, Kellinghaus C, Kovac S, Khaleghi Ghadiri M, Meuth SG, Speckmann EJ, Stummer W, Gorji A. Cell injury and receptor expression in the epileptic human amygdala. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 124:416-427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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17
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Januzi L, Poirier JW, Maksoud MJE, Xiang YY, Veldhuizen RAW, Gill SE, Cregan SP, Zhang H, Dekaban GA, Lu WY. Autocrine GABA signaling distinctively regulates phenotypic activation of mouse pulmonary macrophages. Cell Immunol 2018; 332:7-23. [PMID: 30017085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In response to micro-environmental cues such as microbial infections or T-helper 1 and 2 (TH1 and TH2) cytokines, macrophages (Mϕs) develop into M1- or M2-like phenotypes. Phenotypic polarization/activation of Mϕs are also essentially regulated by autocrine signals. Type-A γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAAR)-mediated autocrine signaling is critical for phenotypic differentiation and transformation of various cell types. The present study explored whether GABAAR signaling regulates lung Mϕ (LMϕ) phenotypic activation under M1/TH1 and M2/TH2 environments. Results showed that GABAAR subunits were expressed by primary LMϕ of mice and the mouse Mϕ cell line RAW264.7. The expression levels of GABAAR subunits in mouse LMϕs and RAW264.7 cells decreased or increased concurrently with classical (M1) or alternative (M2) activation, respectively. Moreover, activation or blockade of GABAARs distinctively influenced the phenotypic characteristics of Mϕ. These results suggested that microenvironments leading to LMϕ phenotypic polarization concurrently modulates autocrine GABA signaling and its role in Mϕ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Januzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob W Poirier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Yun-Yan Xiang
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Sean E Gill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, Canada.
| | - Sean P Cregan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | | | - Wei-Yang Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Graduate Program of Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Canada.
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18
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Palmitoylation as a Functional Regulator of Neurotransmitter Receptors. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:5701348. [PMID: 29849559 PMCID: PMC5903346 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5701348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of neuronal proteins involved in cellular signaling undergo different posttranslational modifications significantly affecting their functions. One of these modifications is a covalent attachment of a 16-C palmitic acid to one or more cysteine residues (S-palmitoylation) within the target protein. Palmitoylation is a reversible modification, and repeated cycles of palmitoylation/depalmitoylation might be critically involved in the regulation of multiple signaling processes. Palmitoylation also represents a common posttranslational modification of the neurotransmitter receptors, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and ligand-gated ion channels (LICs). From the functional point of view, palmitoylation affects a wide span of neurotransmitter receptors activities including their trafficking, sorting, stability, residence lifetime at the cell surface, endocytosis, recycling, and synaptic clustering. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the palmitoylation of neurotransmitter receptors and its role in the regulation of receptors functions as well as in the control of different kinds of physiological and pathological behavior.
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19
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Follwaczny P, Schieweck R, Riedemann T, Demleitner A, Straub T, Klemm AH, Bilban M, Sutor B, Popper B, Kiebler MA. Pumilio2-deficient mice show a predisposition for epilepsy. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:1333-1342. [PMID: 29046322 PMCID: PMC5719250 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.029678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disease that is caused by abnormal hypersynchronous activities of neuronal ensembles leading to recurrent and spontaneous seizures in human patients. Enhanced neuronal excitability and a high level of synchrony between neurons seem to trigger these spontaneous seizures. The molecular mechanisms, however, regarding the development of neuronal hyperexcitability and maintenance of epilepsy are still poorly understood. Here, we show that pumilio RNA-binding family member 2 (Pumilio2; Pum2) plays a role in the regulation of excitability in hippocampal neurons of weaned and 5-month-old male mice. Almost complete deficiency of Pum2 in adult Pum2 gene-trap mice (Pum2 GT) causes misregulation of genes involved in neuronal excitability control. Interestingly, this finding is accompanied by the development of spontaneous epileptic seizures in Pum2 GT mice. Furthermore, we detect an age-dependent increase in Scn1a (Nav1.1) and Scn8a (Nav1.6) mRNA levels together with a decrease in Scn2a (Nav1.2) transcript levels in weaned Pum2 GT that is absent in older mice. Moreover, field recordings of CA1 pyramidal neurons show a tendency towards a reduced paired-pulse inhibition after stimulation of the Schaffer-collateral-commissural pathway in Pum2 GT mice, indicating a predisposition to the development of spontaneous seizures at later stages. With the onset of spontaneous seizures at the age of 5 months, we detect increased protein levels of Nav1.1 and Nav1.2 as well as decreased protein levels of Nav1.6 in those mice. In addition, GABA receptor subunit alpha-2 (Gabra2) mRNA levels are increased in weaned and adult mice. Furthermore, we observe an enhanced GABRA2 protein level in the dendritic field of the CA1 subregion in the Pum2 GT hippocampus. We conclude that altered expression levels of known epileptic risk factors such as Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.6 and GABRA2 result in enhanced seizure susceptibility and manifestation of epilepsy in the hippocampus. Thus, our results argue for a role of Pum2 in epileptogenesis and the maintenance of epilepsy. Summary: Epileptogenic risk factors are misregulated in Pumilio2-deficient mice, determining a predisposition to develop seizures. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper as part of the supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Follwaczny
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Rico Schieweck
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Therese Riedemann
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Antonia Demleitner
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tobias Straub
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core Facility Bioinformatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna H Klemm
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core Facility Bioimaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Core Facility Genomics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Sutor
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bastian Popper
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany .,Biomedical Center (BMC), Core Facility Animal Models, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael A Kiebler
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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20
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Neural mechanisms underlying GABAergic regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 371:33-46. [PMID: 28948349 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2668-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Within the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus is the subgranular zone, which contains a neurogenic niche for radial-glia like cells, the most primitive neural stem cells in the adult brain. The quiescence of neural stem cells is maintained by tonic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) released from local interneurons. Once these cells differentiate into neural progenitor cells, GABA continues to regulate their development into mature granule cells, the principal cell type of the dentate gyrus. Here, we review the role of GABA circuits, signaling, and receptors in regulating development of adult-born cells, as well as the molecular players that modulate GABA signaling. Furthermore, we review recent findings linking dysregulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis to the altered GABAergic circuitry and signaling under various pathological conditions.
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21
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Rao MB, Didiano D, Patton JG. Neurotransmitter-Regulated Regeneration in the Zebrafish Retina. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:831-842. [PMID: 28285877 PMCID: PMC5390103 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Current efforts to repair damaged or diseased mammalian retinas are inefficient and largely incapable of fully restoring vision. Conversely, the zebrafish retina is capable of spontaneous regeneration upon damage using Müller glia (MG)-derived progenitors. Understanding how zebrafish MG initiate regeneration may help develop new treatments that prompt mammalian retinas to regenerate. We show that inhibition of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling facilitates initiation of MG proliferation. GABA levels decrease following damage, and MG are positioned to detect decreased ambient levels and undergo dedifferentiation. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that GABAA receptor inhibition stimulates regeneration in undamaged retinas while activation inhibits regeneration in damaged retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh B Rao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 2325 Stevenson Center, Box 1820 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Dominic Didiano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 2325 Stevenson Center, Box 1820 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - James G Patton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 2325 Stevenson Center, Box 1820 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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22
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Zhao HB, Jiang YM, Li XJ, Liu YY, Bai XH, Li N, Chen JX, Liu Q, Yan ZY, Zhao FZ. Xiao Yao San Improves the Anxiety-Like Behaviors of Rats Induced by Chronic Immobilization Stress: The Involvement of the JNK Signaling Pathway in the Hippocampus. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:187-194. [PMID: 28154259 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the effects of Xiao Yao San (XYS) on anxiety-like behaviors and sought to determine whether the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is involved. A total of 40 rats were divided into 5 groups (n=8): the control group (deionized water, per os (p.o.)), the model group (deionized water, p.o.), the SP600125 group (surgery), the per se group (surgery), and the XYS group (3.9 g/kg/d, p.o.). A 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) citrate buffer solution (2 µL/ventricle/d) and SP600125 (10 µg/ventricle, 2 µL/ventricle/d) were separately and bilaterally injected into the rats of the two surgery groups via the ventricular system of the brain. All but the control group underwent 14 d of chronic immobilization stress (CIS; 3 h/d). On day 15, the body weights of all of the rats were measured; additionally, the rats were subjected to the elevated plus maze (EPM) and novelty suppressed feeding (NSF) tests. Finally, JNK signaling pathway indices, including phosphorylated JNK (P-JNK), JNK, phosphorylated c-Jun (P-c-Jun) and cytochrome C (Cyt-C), were examined. After modeling, the body weight and behavioral analyses of the model rats indicated that this modeling method induced anxiety-like behaviors. P-JNK, JNK, and P-c-Jun were altered in the hippocampus of the model rats. After 14 d of treatment with XYS and SP600125, rat body weight and behaviors as well as P-JNK, JNK, and P-c-Jun had changed. However, no significant difference in Cyt-C was found. XYS improves the anxiety-like behaviors induced by CIS, which might be related to the JNK signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
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23
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Li X, Wang Z, Tan L, Wang Y, Lu C, Chen R, Zhang S, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yin Y, Liu X, Liu E, Yang Y, Hu Y, Xu Z, Xu F, Wang J, Liu GP, Wang JZ. Correcting miR92a-vGAT-Mediated GABAergic Dysfunctions Rescues Human Tau-Induced Anxiety in Mice. Mol Ther 2017; 25:140-152. [PMID: 28129110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly show anxiety behaviors, but the molecular mechanisms are not clear and no efficient intervention exists. Here, we found that overexpression of human wild-type, full-length tau (termed htau) in hippocampus significantly decreased the extracellular γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level with inhibition of γ oscillation and the evoked inhibitory postsynaptic potential (eIPSP). With tau accumulation, the mice show age-dependent anxiety behaviors. Among the factors responsible for GABA synthesis, release, uptake, and transport, we found that accumulation of htau selectively suppressed expression of the intracellular vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT). Tau accumulation increased miR92a, which targeted vGAT mRNA 3' UTR and inhibited vGAT translation. Importantly, we found that upregulating GABA tones by intraperitoneal injection of midazolam (a GABA agonist), ChR2-mediated photostimulating and overexpressing vGAT, or blocking miR92a by using specific antagomir or inhibitor efficiently rescued the htau-induced GABAergic dysfunctions with attenuation of anxiety. Finally, we also demonstrated that vGAT level decreased while the miR92a increased in the AD brains. These findings demonstrate that the AD-like tau accumulation induces anxiety through disrupting miR92a-vGAT-GABA signaling, which reveals molecular mechanisms underlying the anxiety behavior in AD patients and potentially leads to the development of new therapeutics for tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu Tan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Physiology Department, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Chengbiao Lu
- Physiology Department, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Magnet Resonance and Atom and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academia of Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yaling Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xinghua Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Enjie Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Magnet Resonance and Atom and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academia of Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Magnet Resonance and Atom and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academia of Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Gong-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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The Emerging Roles of the Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Lymphocytes Pathway in Nervous System Functions and Diseases. J Aging Res 2016; 2016:5081021. [PMID: 27597899 PMCID: PMC5002468 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5081021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing epidemics of metabolic diseases and increase in the older population have increased the incidences of neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence from murine and cell line models has implicated calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes (NFAT) signaling pathway, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent major proinflammatory pathway, in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Neurotoxins such as amyloid-β, tau protein, and α-synuclein trigger abnormal calcineurin/NFAT signaling activities. Additionally increased activities of endogenous regulators of calcineurin like plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) and regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) also cause neuronal and glial loss and related functional alterations, in neurodegenerative diseases, psychotic disorders, epilepsy, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Treatment with calcineurin/NFAT inhibitors induces some degree of neuroprotection and decreased reactive gliosis in the central and peripheral nervous system. In this paper, we summarize and discuss the current understanding of the roles of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in physiology and pathologies of the adult and developing nervous system, with an emphasis on recent reports and cutting-edge findings. Calcineurin/NFAT signaling is known for its critical roles in the developing and adult nervous system. Its role in physiological and pathological processes is still controversial. However, available data suggest that its beneficial and detrimental effects are context-dependent. In view of recent reports calcineurin/NFAT signaling is likely to serve as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases and conditions. This review further highlights the need to characterize better all factors determining the outcome of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in diseases and the downstream targets mediating the beneficial and detrimental effects.
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25
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Yao JJ, Zhao QR, Liu DD, Chow CW, Mei YA. Neuritin Up-regulates Kv4.2 α-Subunit of Potassium Channel Expression and Affects Neuronal Excitability by Regulating the Calcium-Calcineurin-NFATc4 Signaling Pathway. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17369-81. [PMID: 27307045 PMCID: PMC5016134 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.708883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuritin is an important neurotrophin that regulates neural development, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal survival. Elucidating the downstream molecular signaling is important for potential therapeutic applications of neuritin in neuronal dysfunctions. We previously showed that neuritin up-regulates transient potassium outward current (IA) subunit Kv4.2 expression and increases IA densities, in part by activating the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Molecular mechanisms of neuritin-induced Kv4.2 expression remain elusive. Here, we report that the Ca(2+)/calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) c4 axis is required for neuritin-induced Kv4.2 transcriptional expression and potentiation of IA densities in cerebellum granule neurons. We found that neuritin elevates intracellular Ca(2+) and increases Kv4.2 expression and IA densities; this effect was sensitive to CaN inhibition and was eliminated in Nfatc4(-/-) mice but not in Nfatc2(-/-) mice. Stimulation with neuritin significantly increased nuclear accumulation of NFATc4 in cerebellum granule cells and HeLa cells, which expressed IR. Furthermore, NFATc4 was recruited to the Kv4.2 gene promoter loci detected by luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. More importantly, data obtained from cortical neurons following adeno-associated virus-mediated overexpression of neuritin indicated that reduced neuronal excitability and increased formation of dendritic spines were abrogated in the Nfatc4(-/-) mice. Together, these data demonstrate an indispensable role for the CaN/NFATc4 signaling pathway in neuritin-regulated neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jing Yao
- From the Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China and
| | - Qian-Ru Zhao
- From the Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China and
| | - Dong-Dong Liu
- From the Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China and
| | - Chi-Wing Chow
- the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
| | - Yan-Ai Mei
- From the Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China and
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26
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Placental, Matrilineal, and Epigenetic Mechanisms Promoting Environmentally Adaptive Development of the Mammalian Brain. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:6827135. [PMID: 27069693 PMCID: PMC4812471 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6827135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of intrauterine development, vivipary, and placentation in eutherian mammals has introduced new possibilities and constraints in the regulation of neural plasticity and development which promote neural function that is adaptive to the environment that a developing brain is likely to encounter in the future. A range of evolutionary adaptations associated with placentation transfers disproportionate control of this process to the matriline, a period unique in mammalian development in that there are three matrilineal genomes interacting in the same organism at the same time (maternal, foetal, and postmeiotic oocytes). The interactions between the maternal and developing foetal hypothalamus and placenta can provide a template by which a mother can transmit potentially adaptive information concerning potential future environmental conditions to the developing brain. In conjunction with genomic imprinting, it also provides a template to integrate epigenetic information from both maternal and paternal lineages. Placentation also hands ultimate control of genomic imprinting and intergenerational epigenetic information transfer to the matriline as epigenetic markers undergo erasure and reprogramming in the developing oocyte. These developments, in conjunction with an expanded neocortex, provide a unique evolutionary template by which matrilineal transfer of maternal care, resources, and culture can be used to promote brain development and infant survival.
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27
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Korn MJ, Mandle QJ, Parent JM. Conditional Disabled-1 Deletion in Mice Alters Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Reduces Seizure Threshold. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:63. [PMID: 26941603 PMCID: PMC4766299 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many animal models of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) exhibit altered neurogenesis arising from progenitors within the dentate gyrus subgranular zone (SGZ). Aberrant integration of new neurons into the existing circuit is thought to contribute to epileptogenesis. In particular, adult-born neurons that exhibit ectopic migration and hilar basal dendrites (HBDs) are suggested to be pro-epileptogenic. Loss of reelin signaling may contribute to these morphological changes in patients with epilepsy. We previously demonstrated that conditional deletion of the reelin adaptor protein, disabled-1 (Dab1), from postnatal mouse SGZ progenitors generated dentate granule cells (DGCs) with abnormal dendritic development and ectopic placement. To determine whether the early postnatal loss of reelin signaling is epileptogenic, we conditionally deleted Dab1 in neural progenitors and their progeny on postnatal days 7–8 and performed chronic video-EEG recordings 8–10 weeks later. Dab1-deficient mice did not have spontaneous seizures but exhibited interictal epileptiform abnormalities and a significantly reduced latency to pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. After chemoconvulsant treatment, over 90% of mice deficient for Dab1 developed generalized motor convulsions with tonic-clonic movements, rearing, and falling compared to <20% of wild-type mice. Recombination efficiency, measured by Cre reporter expression, inversely correlated with time to the first sustained seizure. These pro-epileptogenic changes were associated with decreased neurogenesis and increased numbers of hilar ectopic DGCs. Interestingly, neurons co-expressing the Cre reporter comprised a fraction of these hilar ectopic DGCs cells, suggesting a non-cell autonomous effect for the loss of reelin signaling. We also noted a dispersion of the CA1 pyramidal layer, likely due to hypomorphic effects of the conditional Dab1 allele, but this abnormality did not correlate with seizure susceptibility. These findings suggest that the misplacement or reduction of postnatally-generated DGCs contributes to aberrant circuit development and hyperexcitability, but aberrant neurogenesis after conditional Dab1 deletion alone is not sufficient to produce spontaneous seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Korn
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Quinton J Mandle
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jack M Parent
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn Arbor, MI, USA; VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn Arbor, MI, USA
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28
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Müller I, Çalışkan G, Stork O. The GAD65 knock out mouse - a model for GABAergic processes in fear- and stress-induced psychopathology. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2015; 14:37-45. [PMID: 25470336 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) synthetic enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 is critically involved in the activity-dependent regulation of GABAergic inhibition in the central nervous system. It is also required for the maturation of the GABAergic system during adolescence, a phase that is critical for the development of several neuropsychiatric diseases. Mice bearing a null mutation of the GAD65 gene develop hyperexcitability of the amygdala and hippocampus, and a phenotype of increased anxiety and pathological fear memory reminiscent of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although genetic association of GAD65 in human has not yet been reported, these findings are in line with observations of reduced GABAergic function in these brain regions of anxiety disorder patients. The particular value of GAD65(-/-) mice thus lies in modeling the effects of reduced GABAergic function in the mature nervous system. The expression of GAD65 and a second GAD isozyme, GAD67, are differentially regulated in response to stress in limbic brain areas suggesting that by controlling GABAergic inhibition these enzymes determine the vulnerability for the development of pathological anxiety and other stress-induced phenotypes. In fact, we could recently show that GAD65 haplodeficiency, which results in delayed postnatal increase of GABA levels, provides resilience to juvenile-stress-induced anxiety to GAD65(+/-) mice thus foiling the increased fear and anxiety in homozygous GAD65(-/-) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Müller
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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29
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Moreno M, Fernández V, Monllau JM, Borrell V, Lerin C, de la Iglesia N. Transcriptional Profiling of Hypoxic Neural Stem Cells Identifies Calcineurin-NFATc4 Signaling as a Major Regulator of Neural Stem Cell Biology. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 5:157-65. [PMID: 26235896 PMCID: PMC4618660 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in a hypoxic microenvironment within the brain. However, the crucial transcription factors (TFs) that regulate NSC biology under physiologic hypoxia are poorly understood. Here we have performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of microarray datasets from hypoxic versus normoxic NSCs with the aim of identifying pathways and TFs that are activated under oxygen concentrations mimicking normal brain tissue microenvironment. Integration of TF target (TFT) and pathway enrichment analysis identified the calcium-regulated TF NFATc4 as a major candidate to regulate hypoxic NSC functions. Nfatc4 expression was coordinately upregulated by top hypoxia-activated TFs, while NFATc4 target genes were enriched in hypoxic NSCs. Loss-of-function analyses further revealed that the calcineurin-NFATc4 signaling axis acts as a major regulator of NSC self-renewal and proliferation in vitro and in vivo by promoting the expression of TFs, including Id2, that contribute to the maintenance of the NSC state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Moreno
- Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernández
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Josep M Monllau
- Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Borrell
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Carles Lerin
- Endocrinology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria de la Iglesia
- Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
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30
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Serrano-Pérez MC, Fernández M, Neria F, Berjón-Otero M, Doncel-Pérez E, Cano E, Tranque P. NFAT transcription factors regulate survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neural precursor cells. Glia 2015; 63:987-1004. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María C. Serrano-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Neuroglía, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM); Albacete Spain
| | - Miriam Fernández
- Laboratorio de Neuroglía, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM); Albacete Spain
| | - Fernando Neria
- Unidad de Neuroinflamación, Unidad Funcional de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
| | - Mónica Berjón-Otero
- Laboratorio de Neuroglía, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM); Albacete Spain
| | - Ernesto Doncel-Pérez
- Grupo de Química Neuro-regenerativa, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha (SESCAM); Toledo Spain
| | - Eva Cano
- Unidad de Neuroinflamación, Unidad Funcional de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Madrid Spain
| | - Pedro Tranque
- Laboratorio de Neuroglía, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM); Albacete Spain
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31
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Luscher B, Fuchs T. GABAergic control of depression-related brain states. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2015; 73:97-144. [PMID: 25637439 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The GABAergic deficit hypothesis of major depressive disorders (MDDs) posits that reduced γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration in brain, impaired function of GABAergic interneurons, altered expression and function of GABA(A) receptors, and changes in GABAergic transmission dictated by altered chloride homeostasis can contribute to the etiology of MDD. Conversely, the hypothesis posits that the efficacy of currently used antidepressants is determined by their ability to enhance GABAergic neurotransmission. We here provide an update for corresponding evidence from studies of patients and preclinical animal models of depression. In addition, we propose an explanation for the continued lack of genetic evidence that explains the considerable heritability of MDD. Lastly, we discuss how alterations in GABAergic transmission are integral to other hypotheses of MDD that emphasize (i) the role of monoaminergic deficits, (ii) stress-based etiologies, (iii) neurotrophic deficits, and (iv) the neurotoxic and neural circuit-impairing consequences of chronic excesses of glutamate. We propose that altered GABAergic transmission serves as a common denominator of MDD that can account for all these other hypotheses and that plays a causal and common role in diverse mechanistic etiologies of depressive brain states and in the mechanism of action of current antidepressant drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Luscher
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Thomas Fuchs
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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