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Faridi R, Yousaf R, Inagaki S, Olszewski R, Gu S, Morell RJ, Wilson E, Xia Y, Qaiser TA, Rashid M, Fenollar-Ferrer C, Hoa M, Riazuddin S, Friedman TB. Deafness DFNB128 Associated with a Recessive Variant of Human MAP3K1 Recapitulates Hearing Loss of Map3k1-Deficient Mice. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:845. [PMID: 39062623 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Deafness in vertebrates is associated with variants of hundreds of genes. Yet, many mutant genes causing rare forms of deafness remain to be discovered. A consanguineous Pakistani family segregating nonsyndromic deafness in two sibships were studied using microarrays and exome sequencing. A 1.2 Mb locus (DFNB128) on chromosome 5q11.2 encompassing six genes was identified. In one of the two sibships of this family, a novel homozygous recessive variant NM_005921.2:c.4460G>A p.(Arg1487His) in the kinase domain of MAP3K1 co-segregated with nonsyndromic deafness. There are two previously reported Map3k1-kinase-deficient mouse models that are associated with recessively inherited syndromic deafness. MAP3K1 phosphorylates serine and threonine and functions in a signaling pathway where pathogenic variants of HGF, MET, and GAB1 were previously reported to be associated with human deafness DFNB39, DFNB97, and DFNB26, respectively. Our single-cell transcriptome data of mouse cochlea mRNA show expression of Map3k1 and its signaling partners in several inner ear cell types suggesting a requirement of wild-type MAP3K1 for normal hearing. In contrast to dominant variants of MAP3K1 associated with Disorders of Sex Development 46,XY sex-reversal, our computational modeling of the recessive substitution p.(Arg1487His) predicts a subtle structural alteration in MAP3K1, consistent with the limited phenotype of nonsyndromic deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Faridi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rizwan Yousaf
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sayaka Inagaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rafal Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shoujun Gu
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert J Morell
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wilson
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Tanveer Ahmed Qaiser
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Sector G-8/3, Ravi Road, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Cristina Fenollar-Ferrer
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Allama Iqbal Medical Research Center, Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Thulasiram MR, Yamamoto R, Olszewski RT, Gu S, Morell RJ, Hoa M, Dabdoub A. Molecular differences between neonatal and adult stria vascularis from organotypic explants and transcriptomics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.24.590986. [PMID: 38712156 PMCID: PMC11071502 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.24.590986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Summary The stria vascularis (SV), part of the blood-labyrinth barrier, is an essential component of the inner ear that regulates the ionic environment required for hearing. SV degeneration disrupts cochlear homeostasis, leading to irreversible hearing loss, yet a comprehensive understanding of the SV, and consequently therapeutic availability for SV degeneration, is lacking. We developed a whole-tissue explant model from neonatal and adult mice to create a robust platform for SV research. We validated our model by demonstrating that the proliferative behaviour of the SV in vitro mimics SV in vivo, providing a representative model and advancing high-throughput SV research. We also provided evidence for pharmacological intervention in our system by investigating the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in SV proliferation. Finally, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing from in vivo neonatal and adult mouse SV and revealed key genes and pathways that may play a role in SV proliferation and maintenance. Together, our results contribute new insights into investigating biological solutions for SV-associated hearing loss. Significance Hearing loss impairs our ability to communicate with people and interact with our environment. This can lead to social isolation, depression, cognitive deficits, and dementia. Inner ear degeneration is a primary cause of hearing loss, and our study provides an in depth look at one of the major sites of inner ear degeneration: the stria vascularis. The stria vascularis and associated blood-labyrinth barrier maintain the functional integrity of the auditory system, yet it is relatively understudied. By developing a new in vitro model for the young and adult stria vascularis and using single cell RNA sequencing, our study provides a novel approach to studying this tissue, contributing new insights and widespread implications for auditory neuroscience and regenerative medicine. Highlights - We established an organotypic explant system of the neonatal and adult stria vascularis with an intact blood-labyrinth barrier. - Proliferation of the stria vascularis decreases with age in vitro , modelling its proliferative behaviour in vivo . - Pharmacological studies using our in vitro SV model open possibilities for testing injury paradigms and therapeutic interventions. - Inhibition of Wnt signalling decreases proliferation in neonatal stria vascularis.- We identified key genes and transcription factors unique to developing and mature SV cell types using single cell RNA sequencing.
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Shadab M, Abbasi AA, Ejaz A, Ben-Mahmoud A, Gupta V, Kim HG, Vona B. Autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes in Pakistan during the previous three decades. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18119. [PMID: 38534090 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder, with over 148 genes and 170 loci associated with its pathogenesis. The spectrum and frequency of causal variants vary across different genetic ancestries and are more prevalent in populations that practice consanguineous marriages. Pakistan has a rich history of autosomal recessive gene discovery related to non-syndromic hearing loss. Since the first linkage analysis with a Pakistani family that led to the mapping of the DFNB1 locus on chromosome 13, 51 genes associated with this disorder have been identified in this population. Among these, 13 of the most prevalent genes, namely CDH23, CIB2, CLDN14, GJB2, HGF, MARVELD2, MYO7A, MYO15A, MSRB3, OTOF, SLC26A4, TMC1 and TMPRSS3, account for more than half of all cases of profound hearing loss, while the prevalence of other genes is less than 2% individually. In this review, we discuss the most common autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes in Pakistani individuals as well as the genetic mapping and sequencing approaches used to discover them. Furthermore, we identified enriched gene ontology terms and common pathways involved in these 51 autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Establishing a molecular understanding of the disorder may aid in reducing its future prevalence by enabling timely diagnostics and genetic counselling, leading to more effective clinical management and treatments of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Shadab
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Ahmed Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Ejaz
- Department of Physics, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, Pakistan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Afif Ben-Mahmoud
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and Inner Ear Lab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Strepay D, Olszewski RT, Nixon S, Korrapati S, Adadey S, Griffith AJ, Su Y, Liu J, Vishwasrao H, Gu S, Saunders T, Roux I, Hoa M. Transgenic Tg(Kcnj10-ZsGreen) fluorescent reporter mice allow visualization of intermediate cells in the stria vascularis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3038. [PMID: 38321040 PMCID: PMC10847169 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The stria vascularis (SV) is a stratified epithelium in the lateral wall of the mammalian cochlea, responsible for both endolymphatic ion homeostasis and generation of the endocochlear potential (EP) critical for normal hearing. The SV has three layers consisting predominantly of basal, intermediate, and marginal cells. Intermediate and marginal cells form an intricate interdigitated network of cell projections making discrimination of the cells challenging. To enable intermediate cell visualization, we engineered by BAC transgenesis, reporter mouse lines expressing ZsGreen fluorescent protein under the control of Kcnj10 promoter and regulatory sequences. Kcnj10 encodes KCNJ10 protein (also known as Kir4.1 or Kir1.2), an ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifying potassium channel critical to EP generation, highly expressed in SV intermediate cells. In these transgenic mice, ZsGreen fluorescence mimics Kcnj10 endogenous expression in the cochlea and was detected in the intermediate cells of the SV, in the inner phalangeal cells, Hensen's, Deiters' and pillar cells, in a subset of spiral ganglion neurons, and in glial cells. We show that expression of the transgene in hemizygous mice does not alter auditory function, nor EP. These transgenic Tg(Kcnj10-ZsGreen) mice allow live and fixed tissue visualization of ZsGreen-expressing intermediate cells and will facilitate future studies of stria vascularis cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon Strepay
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, Neurotology Branch, National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3745, USA
| | - Rafal T Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, Neurotology Branch, National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3745, USA
| | - Sydney Nixon
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, Neurotology Branch, National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3745, USA
| | - Soumya Korrapati
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, Neurotology Branch, National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3745, USA
| | - Samuel Adadey
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, Neurotology Branch, National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3745, USA
| | - Andrew J Griffith
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yijun Su
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harshad Vishwasrao
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shoujun Gu
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, Neurotology Branch, National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3745, USA
| | - Thomas Saunders
- Transgenic Animal Model Core, Biomedical Research Core Facility, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Isabelle Roux
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, Neurotology Branch, National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3745, USA.
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Johns JD, Olszewski R, Strepay D, Lopez IA, Ishiyama A, Hoa M. Emerging Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Menière's Disease: Evidence for the Involvement of Ion Homeostatic or Blood-Labyrinthine Barrier Dysfunction in Human Temporal Bones. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:1057-1065. [PMID: 37733989 PMCID: PMC10840868 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000004016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Analysis of human temporal bone specimens of patients with Menière's disease (MD) may demonstrate altered expression of gene products related to barrier formation and ionic homeostasis within cochlear structures compared with control specimens. BACKGROUND MD represents a challenging otologic disorder for investigation. Despite attempts to define the pathogenesis of MD, there remain many gaps in our understanding, including differences in protein expression within the inner ear. Understanding these changes may facilitate the identification of more targeted therapies for MD. METHODS Human temporal bones from patients with MD (n = 8) and age-matched control patients (n = 8) were processed with immunohistochemistry stains to detect known protein expression related to ionic homeostasis and barrier function in the cochlea, including CLDN11, CLU, KCNJ10, and SLC12A2. Immunofluorescence intensity analysis was performed to quantify protein expression in the stria vascularis, organ of Corti, and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN). RESULTS Expression of KCNJ10 was significantly reduced in all cochlear regions, including the stria vascularis (9.23 vs 17.52, p = 0.011), OC (14.93 vs 29.16, p = 0.014), and SGN (7.69 vs 18.85, p = 0.0048) in human temporal bone specimens from patients with MD compared with control, respectively. CLDN11 (7.40 vs 10.88, p = 0.049) and CLU (7.80 vs 17.51, p = 0.0051) expression was significantly reduced in the SGN. CONCLUSION The results of this study support that there may be differences in the expression of proteins related to ionic homeostasis and barrier function within the cochlea, potentially supporting the role of targeted therapies to treat MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Dixon Johns
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Rafal Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dillon Strepay
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ivan A. Lopez
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Akira Ishiyama
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
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Strepay D, Olszewski RT, Nixon S, Korrapati S, Adadey S, Griffith AJ, Su Y, Liu J, Vishwasrao H, Gu S, Saunders T, Roux I, Hoa M. Transgenic Tg(Kcnj10-ZsGreen) Fluorescent Reporter Mice Allow Visualization of Intermediate Cells in the Stria Vascularis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3393161. [PMID: 37886521 PMCID: PMC10602146 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3393161/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The stria vascularis (SV) is a stratified epithelium in the lateral wall of the mammalian cochlea, responsible for both endolymphatic ion homeostasis and generation of the endocochlear potential (EP) critical for normal hearing. The SV has three layers consisting predominantly of basal, intermediate, and marginal cells. Intermediate and marginal cells form an intricate interdigitated network of cell projections making discrimination of the cells challenging. To enable intermediate cell visualization, we engineered by BAC transgenesis, reporter mouse lines expressing ZsGreen fluorescent protein under the control of Kcnj10 promoter and regulatory sequences. Kcnj10 encodes KCNJ10 protein (also known as Kir4.1 or Kir1.2), an ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifying potassium channel critical to EP generation, highly expressed in SV intermediate cells. In these transgenic mice, ZsGreen fluorescence mimics Kcnj10 endogenous expression in the cochlea and was detected in the intermediate cells of the SV, in the inner phalangeal cells, Hensen's, Deiters' and pillar cells, in a subset of spiral ganglion neurons, and in glial cells. We show that expression of the transgene in hemizygous mice does not alter auditory function, nor EP These transgenic Tg(Kcnj10-ZsGreen) mice allow live and fixed tissue visualization of ZsGreen-expressing intermediate cells and will facilitate future studies of stria vascularis cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon Strepay
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Rafal T Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Sydney Nixon
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Soumya Korrapati
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Samuel Adadey
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Andrew J Griffith
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Yijun Su
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Shoujun Gu
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Thomas Saunders
- Transgenic Animal Model Core, Biomedical Research Core Facility, University of Michigan
| | - Isabelle Roux
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health
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Del Turco D, Paul MH, Schlaudraff J, Muellerleile J, Bozic F, Vuksic M, Jedlicka P, Deller T. Layer-specific changes of KCC2 and NKCC1 in the mouse dentate gyrus after entorhinal denervation. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1118746. [PMID: 37293543 PMCID: PMC10244516 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1118746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The cation-chloride cotransporters KCC2 and NKCC1 regulate the intracellular Cl- concentration and cell volume of neurons and/or glia. The Cl- extruder KCC2 is expressed at higher levels than the Cl- transporter NKCC1 in mature compared to immature neurons, accounting for the developmental shift from high to low Cl- concentration and from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing currents through GABA-A receptors. Previous studies have shown that KCC2 expression is downregulated following central nervous system injury, returning neurons to a more excitable state, which can be pathological or adaptive. Here, we show that deafferentation of the dendritic segments of granule cells in the outer (oml) and middle (mml) molecular layer of the dentate gyrus via entorhinal denervation in vivo leads to cell-type- and layer-specific changes in the expression of KCC2 and NKCC1. Microarray analysis validated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed a significant decrease in Kcc2 mRNA in the granule cell layer 7 days post-lesion. In contrast, Nkcc1 mRNA was upregulated in the oml/mml at this time point. Immunostaining revealed a selective reduction in KCC2 protein expression in the denervated dendrites of granule cells and an increase in NKCC1 expression in reactive astrocytes in the oml/mml. The NKCC1 upregulation is likely related to the increased activity of astrocytes and/or microglia in the deafferented region, while the transient KCC2 downregulation in granule cells may be associated with denervation-induced spine loss, potentially also serving a homeostatic role via boosting GABAergic depolarization. Furthermore, the delayed KCC2 recovery might be involved in the subsequent compensatory spinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Del Turco
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mandy H. Paul
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jessica Schlaudraff
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Muellerleile
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fran Bozic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Vuksic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Jedlicka
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Uribe PM, Hudson AM, Lockard G, Jiang M, Harding J, Steyger PS, Coffin AB. Hepatocyte growth factor mimetic confers protection from aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death in vitro. Hear Res 2023; 434:108786. [PMID: 37192594 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Loss of sensory hair cells from exposure to certain licit drugs, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, can result in permanent hearing damage. Exogenous application of the neurotrophic molecule hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) promotes neuronal cell survival in a variety of contexts, including protecting hair cells from aminoglycoside ototoxicity. HGF itself is not an ideal therapeutic due to a short half-life and limited blood-brain barrier permeability. MM-201 is a chemically stable, blood-brain barrier permeable, synthetic HGF mimetic that serves as a functional ligand to activate the HGF receptor and its downstream signaling cascade. We previously demonstrated that MM-201 robustly protects zebrafish lateral line hair cells from aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Here, we examined the ability of MM-201 to protect mammalian sensory hair cells from aminoglycoside damage to further evaluate MM-201's clinical potential. We found that MM-201 exhibited dose-dependent protection from neomycin and gentamicin ototoxicity in mature mouse utricular explants. MM-201's protection was reduced following inhibition of mTOR, a downstream target of HGF receptor activation, implicating the activation of endogenous intracellular substrates by MM-201 as critical for the observed protection. We then asked if MM-201 altered the bactericidal properties of aminoglycosides. Using either plate or liquid growth assays we found that MM-201 did not alter the bactericidal efficacy of aminoglycoside antibiotics at therapeutically relevant concentrations. We therefore assessed the protective capacity of MM-201 in an in vivo mouse model of kanamycin ototoxicity. In contrast to our in vitro data, MM-201 did not attenuate kanamycin ototoxicity in vivo. Further, we found that MM-201 was ototoxic to mice across the dose range tested here. These data suggest species- and tissue-specific differences in otoprotective capacity. Next generation HGF mimetics are in clinical trials for neurodegenerative diseases and show excellent safety profiles, but neither preclinical studies nor clinical trials have examined hearing loss as a potential consequence of pharmaceutical HGF activation. Further research is needed to determine the consequences of systemic MM-201 application on the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M Uribe
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA
| | - Alexandria M Hudson
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA
| | - Gavin Lockard
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA
| | - Meiyan Jiang
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joseph Harding
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Peter S Steyger
- Translational Hearing Center, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Allison B Coffin
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
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Kim KS, Koo HY, Bok J. Alternative splicing in shaping the molecular landscape of the cochlea. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1143428. [PMID: 36936679 PMCID: PMC10018040 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1143428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cochlea is a complex organ comprising diverse cell types with highly specialized morphology and function. Until now, the molecular underpinnings of its specializations have mostly been studied from a transcriptional perspective, but accumulating evidence points to post-transcriptional regulation as a major source of molecular diversity. Alternative splicing is one of the most prevalent and well-characterized post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Many molecules important for hearing, such as cadherin 23 or harmonin, undergo alternative splicing to produce functionally distinct isoforms. Some isoforms are expressed specifically in the cochlea, while some show differential expression across the various cochlear cell types and anatomical regions. Clinical phenotypes that arise from mutations affecting specific splice variants testify to the functional relevance of these isoforms. All these clues point to an essential role for alternative splicing in shaping the unique molecular landscape of the cochlea. Although the regulatory mechanisms controlling alternative splicing in the cochlea are poorly characterized, there are animal models with defective splicing regulators that demonstrate the importance of RNA-binding proteins in maintaining cochlear function and cell survival. Recent technological breakthroughs offer exciting prospects for overcoming some of the long-standing hurdles that have complicated the analysis of alternative splicing in the cochlea. Efforts toward this end will help clarify how the remarkable diversity of the cochlear transcriptome is both established and maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hei Yeun Koo
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Bok
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Jinwoong Bok,
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10
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Renauld JM, Khan V, Basch ML. Intermediate Cells of Dual Embryonic Origin Follow a Basal to Apical Gradient of Ingression Into the Lateral Wall of the Cochlea. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:867153. [PMID: 35372344 PMCID: PMC8964366 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.867153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermediate cells of the stria vascularis are neural crest derived melanocytes. They are essential for the establishment of the endocochlear potential in the inner ear, which allows mechanosensory hair cells to transduce sound into nerve impulses. Despite their importance for normal hearing, how these cells develop and migrate to their position in the lateral wall of the cochlea has not been studied. We find that as early as E10.5 some Schwann cell precursors in the VIIIth ganglion begin to express melanocyte specific markers while neural crest derived melanoblasts migrate into the otic vesicle. Intermediate cells of both melanoblast and Schwann cell precursor origin ingress into the lateral wall of the cochlea starting at around E15.5 following a basal to apical gradient during embryonic development, and continue to proliferate postnatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine M Renauld
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Vibhuti Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Martín L Basch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States
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11
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Avraham KB, Khalaily L, Noy Y, Kamal L, Koffler-Brill T, Taiber S. The noncoding genome and hearing loss. Hum Genet 2022; 141:323-333. [PMID: 34491412 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The age of sequencing has provided unprecedented insights into the human genome. The coding region of the genome comprises nearly 20,000 genes, of which approximately 4000 are associated with human disease. Beyond the protein-coding genome, which accounts for only 3% of the genome, lies a vast pool of regulatory elements in the form of promoters, enhancers, RNA species, and other intricate elements. These features undoubtably influence human health and disease, and as a result, a great deal of effort is currently being invested in deciphering their identity and mechanism. While a paucity of material has caused a lag in identifying these elements in the inner ear, the emergence of technologies for dealing with a minimal number of cells now has the field working overtime to catch up. Studies on microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), methylation, histone modifications, and more are ongoing. A number of microRNAs and other noncoding elements are known to be associated with hearing impairment and there is promise that regulatory elements will serve as future tools and targets of therapeutics and diagnostics. This review covers the current state of the field and considers future directions for the noncoding genome and implications for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Lama Khalaily
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lara Kamal
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
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12
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Shuster B, Casserly R, Lipford E, Olszewski R, Milon B, Viechweg S, Davidson K, Enoch J, McMurray M, Rutherford MA, Ohlemiller KK, Hoa M, Depireux DA, Mong JA, Hertzano R. Estradiol Protects against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Modulates Auditory Physiology in Female Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12208. [PMID: 34830090 PMCID: PMC8620009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified sex-differences in auditory physiology and in the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). We hypothesize that 17β-estradiol (E2), a known modulator of auditory physiology, may underpin sex-differences in the response to noise trauma. Here, we gonadectomized B6CBAF1/J mice and used a combination of electrophysiological and histological techniques to study the effects of estrogen replacement on peripheral auditory physiology in the absence of noise exposure and on protection from NIHL. Functional analysis of auditory physiology in gonadectomized female mice revealed that E2-treatment modulated the peripheral response to sound in the absence of changes to the endocochlear potential compared to vehicle-treatment. E2-replacement in gonadectomized female mice protected against hearing loss following permanent threshold shift (PTS)- and temporary threshold shift (TTS)-inducing noise exposures. Histological analysis of the cochlear tissue revealed that E2-replacement mitigated outer hair cell loss and cochlear synaptopathy following noise exposure compared to vehicle-treatment. Lastly, using fluorescent in situ hybridization, we demonstrate co-localization of estrogen receptor-2 with type-1C, high threshold spiral ganglion neurons, suggesting that the observed protection from cochlear synaptopathy may occur through E2-mediated preservation of these neurons. Taken together, these data indicate the estrogen signaling pathways may be harnessed for the prevention and treatment of NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shuster
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (B.S.); (R.C.); (E.L.); (B.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Ryan Casserly
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (B.S.); (R.C.); (E.L.); (B.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Erika Lipford
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (B.S.); (R.C.); (E.L.); (B.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Rafal Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.O.); (M.H.)
| | - Béatrice Milon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (B.S.); (R.C.); (E.L.); (B.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Shaun Viechweg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.V.); (K.D.); (J.E.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Kanisa Davidson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.V.); (K.D.); (J.E.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Jennifer Enoch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.V.); (K.D.); (J.E.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Mark McMurray
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (B.S.); (R.C.); (E.L.); (B.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Mark A. Rutherford
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (M.A.R.); (K.K.O.)
| | - Kevin K. Ohlemiller
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (M.A.R.); (K.K.O.)
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.O.); (M.H.)
| | | | - Jessica A. Mong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.V.); (K.D.); (J.E.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (B.S.); (R.C.); (E.L.); (B.M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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13
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Kremer H. Novel gene discovery for hearing loss and other routes to increased diagnostic rates. Hum Genet 2021; 141:383-386. [PMID: 34599370 PMCID: PMC9034996 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02374-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, there is much to be learned about the genetic landscape of sensorineural hearing loss. Novel genes for hearing loss remain to be identified while ‘secrets’ of the known genes need to be uncovered. These ‘secrets’ include regulatory mechanisms of gene activity and novel aspects of gene structure. To obtain a more complete picture of the genetics of hearing loss, the available experimental and bioinformatic tools need to be fully exploited. This is also true for data resources such as ENCODE. For the inner ear, however, such data resources and analytical tools need to be developed or extended. Collaborative studies provide opportunities to achieve this and to optimally use those tools and resources that are already available. This will accelerate the discoveries that are necessary for improving molecular genetic diagnostics and genetic counselling and for the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannie Kremer
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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14
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Taukulis IA, Olszewski RT, Korrapati S, Fernandez KA, Boger ET, Fitzgerald TS, Morell RJ, Cunningham LL, Hoa M. Single-Cell RNA-Seq of Cisplatin-Treated Adult Stria Vascularis Identifies Cell Type-Specific Regulatory Networks and Novel Therapeutic Gene Targets. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:718241. [PMID: 34566577 PMCID: PMC8458580 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.718241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocochlear potential (EP) generated by the stria vascularis (SV) is necessary for hair cell mechanotransduction in the mammalian cochlea. We sought to create a model of EP dysfunction for the purposes of transcriptional analysis and treatment testing. By administering a single dose of cisplatin, a commonly prescribed cancer treatment drug with ototoxic side effects, to the adult mouse, we acutely disrupt EP generation. By combining these data with single cell RNA-sequencing findings, we identify transcriptional changes induced by cisplatin exposure, and by extension transcriptional changes accompanying EP reduction, in the major cell types of the SV. We use these data to identify gene regulatory networks unique to cisplatin treated SV, as well as the differentially expressed and druggable gene targets within those networks. Our results reconstruct transcriptional responses that occur in gene expression on the cellular level while identifying possible targets for interventions not only in cisplatin ototoxicity but also in EP dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A. Taukulis
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rafal T. Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Soumya Korrapati
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Katharine A. Fernandez
- Laboratory of Hearing Biology and Therapeutics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Erich T. Boger
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tracy S. Fitzgerald
- Mouse Auditory Testing Core Facility, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Robert J. Morell
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa L. Cunningham
- Laboratory of Hearing Biology and Therapeutics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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15
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Naz S. Molecular genetic landscape of hereditary hearing loss in Pakistan. Hum Genet 2021; 141:633-648. [PMID: 34308486 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 14.5 million Pakistani individuals have a hearing loss and half of these cases may be due to genetic causes. Though significant progress has been made in uncovering genetic variants for recessively inherited nonsyndromic deafness, Pendred syndrome, and Usher syndromes, the same is not true for dominantly inherited hearing loss, most syndromic cases and deafness with complex inheritance patterns. Variants of 57 genes have been reported to cause nonsyndromic recessive deafness in Pakistan, though most are rare. Variants of just five genes GJB2, HGF, MYO7A, SLC26A4, and TMC1 together explain 57% of profound deafness while those of GJB2, MYO15A, OTOF, SLC26A4, TMC1, and TMPRSS3 account for 47% of moderate to severe hearing loss. In contrast, although variants of at least 39 genes have been implicated in different deafness syndromes, their prevalence in the population and the spectrum of mutations have not been explored. Furthermore, research on genetics of deafness has mostly focused on individuals from the Punjab province and needs to be extended to other regions of Pakistan. Identifying the genes and their variants causing deafness in all ethnic groups is important as it will pinpoint rare as well as recurrent mutations. This information may ultimately help in offering genetic counseling and future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Naz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
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16
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Fu J, Su X, Li Z, Deng L, Liu X, Feng X, Peng J. HGF/c-MET pathway in cancer: from molecular characterization to clinical evidence. Oncogene 2021; 40:4625-4651. [PMID: 34145400 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive landscape of HGF/c-MET (hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) /mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET)) signaling pathway in cancers. First, we generalize the compelling influence of HGF/c-MET pathway on multiple cellular processes. Then, we present the genomic characterization of HGF/c-MET pathway in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we extensively illustrate the malignant biological behaviors of HGF/c-MET pathway in cancers, in which hyperactive HGF/c-MET signaling is considered as a hallmark. In addition, we investigate the current clinical trials of HGF/c-MET-targeted therapy in cancers. We find that although HGF/c-MET-targeted therapy has led to breakthroughs in certain cancers, monotherapy of targeting HGF/c-MET has failed to demonstrate significant clinical efficacy in most cancers. With the advantage of the combinations of HGF/c-MET-targeted therapy, the exploration of more options of combinational targeted therapy in cancers may be the major challenge in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjiang Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorui Su
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiawei Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuancheng Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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Abstract
Congenital hearing loss is the most common birth defect, estimated to affect 2-3 in every 1000 births. Currently there is no cure for hearing loss. Treatment options are limited to hearing aids for mild and moderate cases, and cochlear implants for severe and profound hearing loss. Here we provide a literature overview of the environmental and genetic causes of congenital hearing loss, common animal models and methods used for hearing research, as well as recent advances towards developing therapies to treat congenital deafness. © 2021 The Authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine M Renauld
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Martin L Basch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
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18
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Nicolson T. Navigating Hereditary Hearing Loss: Pathology of the Inner Ear. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:660812. [PMID: 34093131 PMCID: PMC8172992 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.660812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited forms of deafness account for a sizable portion of hearing loss among children and adult populations. Many patients with sensorineural deficits have pathological manifestations in the peripheral auditory system, the inner ear. Within the hearing organ, the cochlea, most of the genetic forms of hearing loss involve defects in sensory detection and to some extent, signaling to the brain via the auditory cranial nerve. This review focuses on peripheral forms of hereditary hearing loss and how these impairments can be studied in diverse animal models or patient-derived cells with the ultimate goal of using the knowledge gained to understand the underlying biology and treat hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Nicolson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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19
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Next-Generation Sequencing Identifies Pathogenic Variants in HGF, POU3F4, TECTA, and MYO7A in Consanguineous Pakistani Deaf Families. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:5528434. [PMID: 33976695 PMCID: PMC8084664 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5528434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 70% of congenital deafness is attributable to genetic causes. Incidence of congenital deafness is known to be higher in families with consanguineous marriage. In this study, we investigated the genetic causes in three consanguineous Pakistani families segregating with prelingual, severe-to-profound deafness. Results Through targeted next-generation sequencing of 414 genes known to be associated with deafness, homozygous variants c.536del (p. Leu180Serfs∗20) in TECTA, c.3719 G>A (p. Arg1240Gln) in MYO7A, and c.482+1986_1988del in HGF were identified as the pathogenic causes of enrolled families. Interestingly, in one large consanguineous family, an additional c.706G>A (p. Glu236Lys) variant in the X-linked POU3F4 gene was also identified in multiple affected family members causing deafness. Genotype-phenotype cosegregation was confirmed in all participating family members by Sanger sequencing. Conclusions Our results showed that the genetic causes of deafness are highly heterogeneous. Even within a single family, the affected members with apparently indistinguishable clinical phenotypes may have different pathogenic variants.
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20
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Gu S, Olszewski R, Nelson L, Gallego-Martinez A, Lopez-Escamez JA, Hoa M. Identification of Potential Meniere's Disease Targets in the Adult Stria Vascularis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:630561. [PMID: 33613436 PMCID: PMC7894210 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.630561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The stria vascularis generates the endocochlear potential and is involved in processes that underlie ionic homeostasis in the cochlear endolymph, both which play essential roles in hearing. The histological hallmark of Meniere's disease (MD) is endolymphatic hydrops, which refers to the bulging or expansion of the scala media, which is the endolymph-containing compartment of the cochlea. This histologic hallmark suggests that processes that disrupt ion homeostasis or potentially endocochlear potential may underlie MD. While treatments exist for vestibular symptoms related to MD, effective therapies for hearing fluctuation and hearing loss seen in MD remain elusive. Understanding the potential cell types involved in MD may inform the creation of disease mouse models and provide insight into underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. For these reasons, we compare published datasets related to MD in humans with our previously published adult mouse stria vascularis single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-Seq datasets to implicate potentially involved stria vascularis (SV) cell types in MD. Finally, we provide support for these implicated cell types by demonstrating co-expression of select candidate genes for MD within SV cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujun Gu
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rafal Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lacey Nelson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alvaro Gallego-Martinez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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21
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Gu S, Olszewski R, Taukulis I, Wei Z, Martin D, Morell RJ, Hoa M. Characterization of rare spindle and root cell transcriptional profiles in the stria vascularis of the adult mouse cochlea. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18100. [PMID: 33093630 PMCID: PMC7581811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The stria vascularis (SV) in the cochlea generates and maintains the endocochlear potential, thereby playing a pivotal role in normal hearing. Knowing transcriptional profiles and gene regulatory networks of SV cell types establishes a basis for studying the mechanism underlying SV-related hearing loss. While we have previously characterized the expression profiles of major SV cell types in the adult mouse, transcriptional profiles of rare SV cell types remained elusive due to the limitation of cell capture in single-cell RNA-Seq. The role of these rare cell types in the homeostatic function of the adult SV remain largely undefined. In this study, we performed single-nucleus RNA-Seq on the adult mouse SV in conjunction with sample preservation treatments during the isolation steps. We distinguish rare SV cell types, including spindle cells and root cells, from other cell types, and characterize their transcriptional profiles. Furthermore, we also identify and validate novel specific markers for these rare SV cell types. Finally, we identify homeostatic gene regulatory networks within spindle and root cells, establishing a basis for understanding the functional roles of these cells in hearing. These novel findings will provide new insights for future work in SV-related hearing loss and hearing fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujun Gu
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institutes on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rafal Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institutes on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ian Taukulis
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institutes on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Biomedical Research Informatics Office, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Martin
- Biomedical Research Informatics Office, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Robert J Morell
- Computational Biology and Genomics Core, National Institutes on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institutes on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, 35 Convent Dr., Room 1F-226, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Mouse Models of Human Pathogenic Variants of TBC1D24 Associated with Non-Syndromic Deafness DFNB86 and DFNA65 and Syndromes Involving Deafness. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11101122. [PMID: 32987832 PMCID: PMC7598720 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pathogenic variants of TBC1D24 are associated with clinically heterogeneous phenotypes, including recessive nonsyndromic deafness DFNB86, dominant nonsyndromic deafness DFNA65, seizure accompanied by deafness, a variety of isolated seizure phenotypes and DOORS syndrome, characterized by deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, intellectual disability and seizures. Thirty-five pathogenic variants of human TBC1D24 associated with deafness have been reported. However, functions of TBC1D24 in the inner ear and the pathophysiology of TBC1D24-related deafness are unknown. In this study, a novel splice-site variant of TBC1D24 c.965 + 1G > A in compound heterozygosity with c.641G > A p.(Arg214His) was found to be segregating in a Pakistani family. Affected individuals exhibited, either a deafness-seizure syndrome or nonsyndromic deafness. In human temporal bones, TBC1D24 immunolocalized in hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, whereas in mouse cochlea, Tbc1d24 expression was detected only in spiral ganglion neurons. We engineered mouse models of DFNB86 p.(Asp70Tyr) and DFNA65 p.(Ser178Leu) nonsyndromic deafness and syndromic forms of deafness p.(His336Glnfs*12) that have the same pathogenic variants that were reported for human TBC1D24. Unexpectedly, no auditory dysfunction was detected in Tbc1d24 mutant mice, although homozygosity for some of the variants caused seizures or lethality. We provide some insightful supporting data to explain the phenotypic differences resulting from equivalent pathogenic variants of mouse Tbc1d24 and human TBC1D24.
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