1
|
Esmaealzadeh N, Miri MS, Mavaddat H, Peyrovinasab A, Ghasemi Zargar S, Sirous Kabiri S, Razavi SM, Abdolghaffari AH. The regulating effect of curcumin on NF-κB pathway in neurodegenerative diseases: a review of the underlying mechanisms. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2125-2151. [PMID: 38769198 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are part of the central nervous system (CNS) disorders that indicate their presence with neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and increased oxidative stress. Several pathophysiological factors and biomarkers are involved in this inflammatory process causing these neurological disorders. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is an inflammation element, which induced transcription and appears to be one of the important players in physiological procedures, especially nervous disorders. NF-κB can impact upon series of intracellular actions and induce or inhibit many inflammation-related pathways. Multiple reports have focused on the modification of NF-κB activity, controlling its expression, translocation, and signaling pathway in neurodegenerative disorders and injuries like Alzheimer's disease (AD), spinal cord injuries (SCI), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Curcumin has been noted to be a popular anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory substance and is the foremost natural compound produced by turmeric. According to various studies, when playing an anti-inflammatory role, it interacts with several modulating proteins of long-standing disease signaling pathways and has an unprovocative consequence on pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review article determined to figure out curcumin's role in limiting the promotion of neurodegenerative disease via influencing the NF-κB signaling route. Preclinical studies were gathered from plenty of scientific platforms including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar to evaluate this hypothesis. Extracted findings from the literature review explained the repressing impact of Curcumin on the NF-κB signaling pathway and, occasionally down-regulating the cytokine expression. Yet, there is an essential need for further analysis and specific clinical experiments to fully understand this subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Esmaealzadeh
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Traditional Persian Medicine and Complementary Medicine (PerCoMed) Student Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdis Sadat Miri
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helia Mavaddat
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Peyrovinasab
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ghasemi Zargar
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Sirous Kabiri
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehrad Razavi
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Basheer N, Buee L, Brion JP, Smolek T, Muhammadi MK, Hritz J, Hromadka T, Dewachter I, Wegmann S, Landrieu I, Novak P, Mudher A, Zilka N. Shaping the future of preclinical development of successful disease-modifying drugs against Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of tau propagation models. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:52. [PMID: 38576010 PMCID: PMC10993623 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcellular propagation of the aberrantly modified protein tau along the functional brain network is a key hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies. Inoculation-based tau propagation models can recapitulate the stereotypical spread of tau and reproduce various types of tau inclusions linked to specific tauopathy, albeit with varying degrees of fidelity. With this systematic review, we underscore the significance of judicious selection and meticulous functional, biochemical, and biophysical characterization of various tau inocula. Furthermore, we highlight the necessity of choosing suitable animal models and inoculation sites, along with the critical need for validation of fibrillary pathology using confirmatory staining, to accurately recapitulate disease-specific inclusions. As a practical guide, we put forth a framework for establishing a benchmark of inoculation-based tau propagation models that holds promise for use in preclinical testing of disease-modifying drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Basheer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Luc Buee
- Inserm, CHU Lille, CNRS, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, University of Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Brion
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Histology, Alzheimer and Other Tauopathies Research Group (CP 620), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808, Route de Lennik, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tomas Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Muhammad Khalid Muhammadi
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Hritz
- CEITEC Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Hromadka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ilse Dewachter
- Biomedical Research Institute, BIOMED, Hasselt University, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Susanne Wegmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Landrieu
- CNRS EMR9002 - BSI - Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, University of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Petr Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Amritpal Mudher
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Anilkumar S, Wright-Jin E. NF-κB as an Inducible Regulator of Inflammation in the Central Nervous System. Cells 2024; 13:485. [PMID: 38534329 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB (nuclear factor K-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) transcription factor family is critical for modulating the immune proinflammatory response throughout the body. During the resting state, inactive NF-κB is sequestered by IκB in the cytoplasm. The proteasomal degradation of IκB activates NF-κB, mediating its translocation into the nucleus to act as a nuclear transcription factor in the upregulation of proinflammatory genes. Stimuli that initiate NF-κB activation are diverse but are canonically attributed to proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Downstream effects of NF-κB are cell type-specific and, in the majority of cases, result in the activation of pro-inflammatory cascades. Acting as the primary immune responders of the central nervous system, microglia exhibit upregulation of NF-κB upon activation in response to pathological conditions. Under such circumstances, microglial crosstalk with other cell types in the central nervous system can induce cell death, further exacerbating the disease pathology. In this review, we will emphasize the role of NF-κB in triggering neuroinflammation mediated by microglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Anilkumar
- Neonatal Brain Injury Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Research, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wright-Jin
- Neonatal Brain Injury Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Research, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee IT, Yang CC, Yang CM. Harnessing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonists to induce Heme Oxygenase-1: a promising approach for pulmonary inflammatory disorders. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:125. [PMID: 38360670 PMCID: PMC10868008 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ has been extensively shown to attenuate inflammatory responses in conditions such as asthma, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, as demonstrated in animal studies. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these inhibitory effects remain largely unknown. The upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been shown to confer protective effects, including antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo. PPARγ is highly expressed not only in adipose tissues but also in various other tissues, including the pulmonary system. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are highly selective agonists for PPARγ and are used as antihyperglycemic medications. These observations suggest that PPARγ agonists could modulate metabolism and inflammation. Several studies have indicated that PPARγ agonists may serve as potential therapeutic candidates in inflammation-related diseases by upregulating HO-1, which in turn modulates inflammatory responses. In the respiratory system, exposure to external insults triggers the expression of inflammatory molecules, such as cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinases, and reactive oxygen species, leading to the development of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that the upregulation of HO-1 protects tissues and cells from external insults, indicating that the induction of HO-1 by PPARγ agonists could exert protective effects by inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways and attenuating the development of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying TZD-induced HO-1 expression are not well understood. This review aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms through which PPARγ agonists induce the expression of HO-1 and explore how they protect against inflammatory and oxidative responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan, 333008, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333323, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shapira G, Israel-Elgali I, Grad M, Avnat E, Rachmany L, Sarne Y, Shomron N. Hippocampal differential expression underlying the neuroprotective effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol microdose on old mice. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1182932. [PMID: 37534036 PMCID: PMC10393280 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1182932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive compound of the cannabis plant and an exogenous ligand of the endocannabinoid system. In previous studies, we demonstrated that a single microdose of THC (0.002 mg/kg, 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than the standard dose for rodents) exerts distinct, long-term neuroprotection in model mice subjected to acute neurological insults. When administered to old, healthy mice, the THC microdose induced remarkable long-lasting (weeks) improvement in a wide range of cognitive functions, including significant morphological and biochemical brain alterations. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects, we analyzed the gene expression of hippocampal samples from the model mice. Samples taken 5 days after THC treatment showed significant differential expression of genes associated with neurogenesis and brain development. In samples taken 5 weeks after treatment, the transcriptional signature was shifted to that of neuronal differentiation and survival. This study demonstrated the use of hippocampal transcriptome profiling in uncovering the molecular basis of the atypical, anti-aging effects of THC microdose treatment in old mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Shapira
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Edmond J Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ifat Israel-Elgali
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Meitar Grad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eden Avnat
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lital Rachmany
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yosef Sarne
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Edmond J Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Molina-Salinas G, Langley E, Cerbon M. Prolactin-induced neuroprotection against excitotoxicity is mediated via PI3K/AKT and GSK3β/NF-κB in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons. Peptides 2023; 166:171037. [PMID: 37301481 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone that has been reported to play a significant role in neuroprotection against neuronal excitotoxicity produced by glutamate (Glu) or kainic acid (KA) in both, in vitro and in vivo models. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in PRL's neuroprotective effects in the hippocampus have not been completely elucidated. The aim of the present study was to assess the signaling pathways involved in PRL neuroprotection against excitotoxicity. Primary rat hippocampal neuronal cell cultures were used to assess PRL-induced signaling pathway activation. The effects of PRL on neuronal viability, as well as its effects on activation of key regulatory pathways, phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β / nuclear factor kappa B (GSK3β/NF-κB), were evaluated under conditions of Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Additionally, the effect on downstream regulated genes such as Bcl-2 and Nrf2, was assessed. Here, we show that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is activated by PRL treatment during excitotoxicity, promoting neuronal survival through upregulation of active AKT and GSK3β/NF-κB, resulting in induction of Bcl-2 and Nrf2 gene expression. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway abrogated the protective effect of PRL against Glu-induced neuronal death. Overall, results indicate that the neuroprotective actions of PRL are mediated in part, by the activation of the AKT pathway and survival genes. Our data support the idea that PRL could be useful as a potential neuroprotective agent in different neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Molina-Salinas
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México 04510, Mexico
| | - E Langley
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico
| | - M Cerbon
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México 04510, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Welch GM, Boix CA, Schmauch E, Davila-Velderrain J, Victor MB, Dileep V, Bozzelli PL, Su Q, Cheng JD, Lee A, Leary NS, Pfenning AR, Kellis M, Tsai LH. Neurons burdened by DNA double-strand breaks incite microglia activation through antiviral-like signaling in neurodegeneration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo4662. [PMID: 36170369 PMCID: PMC9519048 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are linked to neurodegeneration and senescence. However, it is not clear how DSB-bearing neurons influence neuroinflammation associated with neurodegeneration. Here, we characterize DSB-bearing neurons from the CK-p25 mouse model of neurodegeneration using single-nucleus, bulk, and spatial transcriptomic techniques. DSB-bearing neurons enter a late-stage DNA damage response marked by nuclear factor κB (NFκB)-activated senescent and antiviral immune pathways. In humans, Alzheimer's disease pathology is closely associated with immune activation in excitatory neurons. Spatial transcriptomics reveal that regions of CK-p25 brain tissue dense with DSB-bearing neurons harbor signatures of inflammatory microglia, which is ameliorated by NFκB knockdown in neurons. Inhibition of NFκB in DSB-bearing neurons also reduces microglia activation in organotypic mouse brain slice culture. In conclusion, DSBs activate immune pathways in neurons, which in turn adopt a senescence-associated secretory phenotype to elicit microglia activation. These findings highlight a previously unidentified role for neurons in the mechanism of disease-associated neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwyneth M. Welch
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carles A. Boix
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eloi Schmauch
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jose Davila-Velderrain
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matheus B. Victor
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vishnu Dileep
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - P. Lorenzo Bozzelli
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Qiao Su
- Departments of Computational Biology and Biology and Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jemmie D. Cheng
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Audrey Lee
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Noelle S. Leary
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andreas R. Pfenning
- Departments of Computational Biology and Biology and Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Manolis Kellis
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gupta S, Guleria RS. Involvement of Nuclear Factor-κB in Inflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132034. [PMID: 35805118 PMCID: PMC9265339 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition which develops either due to stress or witnessing a traumatic situation. PTSD is characterized by acute and chronic stress response exhibit anxiety, fear, and an increased inflammatory etiology. Inflammation contributes a critical role in several parts of the brain that control fear and flashback cognatic function. It is known that impairment of the neurological circuit leads to the development of PTSD. Evidence has suggested that dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and inflammatory responsiveness are pivotal and a greater risk in PTSD. NF-κB, a master regulator for inflammation, has been showed to modulate memory reconsolidation and synaptic plasticity; however, NF-κB’s association with PTSD remain elusive. In this review, we provide relevant findings regarding NF-κB activity in various components of brain and describe a potential mechanism linking PTSD using preclinical and clinical models. We envisage NF-κB signaling as a crucial mediator for inflammation, cognitive function, memory restoration and behavioral actions of stress and suggest that it could be used for therapeutic intervention in PTSD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Welch G, Tsai LH. Mechanisms of DNA damage-mediated neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54217. [PMID: 35499251 PMCID: PMC9171412 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are highly susceptible to DNA damage accumulation due to their large energy requirements, elevated transcriptional activity, and long lifespan. While newer research has shown that DNA breaks and mutations may facilitate neuron diversity during development and neuronal function throughout life, a wealth of evidence indicates deficient DNA damage repair underlies many neurological disorders, especially age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, efforts to clarify the molecular link between DNA damage and neurodegeneration have improved our understanding of how the genomic location of DNA damage and defunct repair proteins impact neuron health. Additionally, work establishing a role for senescence in the aging and diseased brain reveals DNA damage may play a central role in neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwyneth Welch
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Microglial NF-κB drives tau spreading and toxicity in a mouse model of tauopathy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1969. [PMID: 35413950 PMCID: PMC9005658 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of microglia is a prominent pathological feature in tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease. How microglia activation contributes to tau toxicity remains largely unknown. Here we show that nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling, activated by tau, drives microglial-mediated tau propagation and toxicity. Constitutive activation of microglial NF-κB exacerbated, while inactivation diminished, tau seeding and spreading in young PS19 mice. Inhibition of NF-κB activation enhanced the retention while reduced the release of internalized pathogenic tau fibrils from primary microglia and rescued microglial autophagy deficits. Inhibition of microglial NF-κB in aged PS19 mice rescued tau-mediated learning and memory deficits, restored overall transcriptomic changes while increasing neuronal tau inclusions. Single cell RNA-seq revealed that tau-associated disease states in microglia were diminished by NF-κB inactivation and further transformed by constitutive NF-κB activation. Our study establishes a role for microglial NF-κB signaling in mediating tau spreading and toxicity in tauopathy.
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Barron JC, Hurley EP, Parsons MP. Huntingtin and the Synapse. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:689332. [PMID: 34211373 PMCID: PMC8239291 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.689332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is a monogenic disease that results in a combination of motor, psychiatric and cognitive symptoms. HD is caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, which results in the production of a pathogenic mutant HTT protein (mHTT). Although there is no cure at present for HD, a number of RNA-targeting therapies have recently entered clinical trials which aim to lower mHTT production through the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and RNAi. However, many of these treatment strategies are non-selective in that they cannot differentiate between non-pathogenic wild type HTT (wtHTT) and the mHTT variant. As HD patients are already born with decreased levels of wtHTT, these genetic therapies may result in critically low levels of wtHTT. The consequence of wtHTT reduction in the adult brain is currently under debate, and here we argue that wtHTT loss is not well-tolerated at the synaptic level. Synaptic dysfunction is an extremely sensitive measure of subsequent cell death, and is known to precede neurodegeneration in numerous brain diseases including HD. The present review focuses on the prominent role of wtHTT at the synapse and considers the consequences of wtHTT loss on both pre- and postsynaptic function. We discuss how wtHTT is implicated in virtually all major facets of synaptic neurotransmission including anterograde and retrograde transport of proteins to/from terminal buttons and dendrites, neurotransmitter release, endocytic vesicle recycling, and postsynaptic receptor localization and recycling. We conclude that wtHTT presence is essential for proper synaptic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Barron
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Emily P Hurley
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Matthew P Parsons
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pogoda A, Chmielewska N, Maciejak P, Szyndler J. Transcriptional Dysregulation in Huntington's Disease: The Role in Pathogenesis and Potency for Pharmacological Targeting. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2783-2806. [PMID: 32628586 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200705225821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by a mutation in the gene that encodes a critical cell regulatory protein, huntingtin (Htt). The expansion of cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide repeats causes improper folding of functional proteins and is an initial trigger of pathological changes in the brain. Recent research has indicated that the functional dysregulation of many transcription factors underlies the neurodegenerative processes that accompany HD. These disturbances are caused not only by the loss of wild-type Htt (WT Htt) function but also by the occurrence of abnormalities that result from the action of mutant Htt (mHtt). In this review, we aim to describe the role of transcription factors that are currently thought to be strongly associated with HD pathogenesis, namely, RE1-silencing transcription factor, also known as neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF), forkhead box proteins (FOXPs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1a (PGC1α), heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), and nuclear factor κ light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κB). We also take into account the role of these factors in the phenotype of HD as well as potential pharmacological interventions targeting the analyzed proteins. Furthermore, we considered whether molecular manipulation resulting in changes in transcription factor function may have clinical potency for treating HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pogoda
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury Street 61, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Chmielewska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego Street 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Maciejak
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego Street 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Szyndler
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Street 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jover-Mengual T, Hwang JY, Byun HR, Court-Vazquez BL, Centeno JM, Burguete MC, Zukin RS. The Role of NF-κB Triggered Inflammation in Cerebral Ischemia. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:633610. [PMID: 34040505 PMCID: PMC8141555 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.633610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a devastating disease that affects many people worldwide every year. The neurodegenerative damage as a consequence of oxygen and energy deprivation, to date, has no known effective treatment. The ischemic insult is followed by an inflammatory response that involves a complex interaction between inflammatory cells and molecules which play a role in the progression towards cell death. However, there is presently a matter of controversy over whether inflammation could either be involved in brain damage or be a necessary part of brain repair. The inflammatory response is triggered by inflammasomes, key multiprotein complexes that promote secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. An early event in post-ischemic brain tissue is the release of certain molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) from injured neurons which induce the expression of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), a transcription factor involved in the activation of the inflammasome. There are conflicting observations related to the role of NF-κB. While some observe that NF-κB plays a damaging role, others suggest it to be neuroprotective in the context of cerebral ischemia, indicating the need for additional investigation. Here we discuss the dual role of the major inflammatory signaling pathways and provide a review of the latest research aiming to clarify the relationship between NF-κB mediated inflammation and neuronal death in cerebral ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Jover-Mengual
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jee-Yeon Hwang
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Hyae-Ran Byun
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Brenda L Court-Vazquez
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - José M Centeno
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María C Burguete
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Suzanne Zukin
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sp1 is a substrate of Keap1 and regulates the activity of CRL4A WDR23 ubiquitin ligase toward Nrf2. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100704. [PMID: 33895141 PMCID: PMC8141886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical transcription factor that orchestrates cellular responses to oxidative stress. Because the dysregulation of Nrf2 has been implicated in many diseases, precise regulation of its protein level is crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and WD40 repeat protein 23 (WDR23) directly regulate Nrf2 levels via similar but distinct proteasome-dependent pathways. WDR23 forms a part of the WDR23-Cullin 4A-RING ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4AWDR23), whereas Keap1 serves as a substrate adaptor for the Cullin 3–containing ubiquitin ligase complex. However, the mechanisms underlying crosstalk between these Keap1 and WDR23 pathways for the regulation of Nrf2 levels have not been investigated. Here, we showed that knockdown (KD) of Keap1 upregulated the expression of Cullin4A (CUL4A) in a specificity protein 1 (Sp1)–dependent manner. We also revealed that Sp1 interacted with Keap1, leading to ubiquitination of Sp1. Increases in Sp1 by Keap1 KD triggered Sp1 binding to the fourth Sp1 binding site (Sp1_M4) within the −230/+50 region of the CUL4A gene. We also demonstrated that the overexpression and KD of Sp1 reduced and increased Nrf2 protein levels, respectively. These effects were abrogated by the WDR23 KD, suggesting that Sp1 also regulates Nrf2 levels via the ubiquitin ligase complex CRL4AWDR23. In conclusion, we discovered Sp1 as a novel substrate of Keap1 and provided evidence that Sp1 regulates the expression of CUL4A. We revealed a novel role for Sp1 in mediating crosstalk between two independent regulators of Nrf2 protein levels.
Collapse
|
16
|
Decoding signaling pathways involved in prolactin-induced neuroprotection: A review. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 61:100913. [PMID: 33766566 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It has been well recognized that prolactin (PRL), a pleiotropic hormone, has many functions in the brain, such as maternal behavior, neurogenesis, and neuronal plasticity, among others. Recently, it has been reported to have a significant role in neuroprotection against excitotoxicity. Glutamate excitotoxicity is a common alteration in many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, leading to neuronal death. In this sense, several efforts have been made to decrease the progression of these pathologies. Despite various reports of PRL's neuroprotective effect against excitotoxicity, the signaling pathways that underlie this mechanism remain unclear. This review aims to describe the most recent and relevant studies on the molecular signaling pathways, particularly, PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and JAK2/STAT5, which are currently under investigation and might be implicated in the molecular mechanisms that explain the PRL effects against excitotoxicity and neuroprotection. Remarkable neuroprotective effects of PRL might be useful in the treatment of some neurological diseases.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bodnar B, DeGruttola A, Zhu Y, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Mo X, Hu W. Emerging role of NIK/IKK2-binding protein (NIBP)/trafficking protein particle complex 9 (TRAPPC9) in nervous system diseases. Transl Res 2020; 224:55-70. [PMID: 32434006 PMCID: PMC7442628 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
NFκB signaling and protein trafficking network play important roles in various biological and pathological processes. NIK-and-IKK2-binding protein (NIBP), also known as trafficking protein particle complex 9 (TRAPPC9), is a prototype member of a novel protein family, and has been shown to regulate both NFκB signaling pathway and protein transport/trafficking. NIBP is extensively expressed in the nervous system and plays an important role in regulating neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation. NIBP/TRAPPC9 mutations have been linked to an autosomal recessive intellectual disability syndrome, called NIBP Syndrome, which is characterized by nonsyndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability along with other symptoms such as obesity, microcephaly, and facial dysmorphia. As more cases of NIBP Syndrome are identified, new light is being shed on the role of NIBP/TRAPPC9 in the central nervous system developments and diseases. NIBP is also involved in the enteric nervous system. This review will highlight the importance of NIBP/TRAPPC9 in central and enteric nervous system diseases, and the established possible mechanisms for developing a potential therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Bodnar
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; MD/PhD and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Arianna DeGruttola
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; MD/PhD and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuanjun Zhu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Xianming Mo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; MD/PhD and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Foster AD, Downing P, Figredo E, Polain N, Stott A, Layfield R, Rea SL. ALS-associated TBK1 variant p.G175S is defective in phosphorylation of p62 and impacts TBK1-mediated signalling and TDP-43 autophagic degradation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 108:103539. [PMID: 32835772 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations affecting SQSTM1 coding for p62 and TANK-Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) have been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). TBK1 is a serine-threonine kinase that regulates p62's activity as an autophagy receptor via phosphorylation and also has roles in neuroinflammatory signalling pathways. The mechanisms underlying ALS and FTLD pathogenesis as a result of TBK1 mutations are incompletely understood, however, loss of TBK1 function can lead to dysregulated autophagy and mitophagy. Here, we report that an ALS-associated TBK1 variant affecting the kinase domain, p.G175S, is defective in phosphorylation of p62 at Ser-403, a modification critical for regulating its ubiquitin-binding function, as well as downstream phosphorylation at Ser-349. Consistent with these findings, expression of p.G175S TBK1 was associated with decreased induction of autophagy compared to wild type and reduced degradation of the ALS-linked protein TDP-43. Expression of wild type TBK1 increased NF-κB signalling ~300 fold in comparison to empty vector cells, whereas p.G175S TBK1 was unable to promote NF-κB signalling above levels observed in empty vector transfected cells. We also noted a hitherto unknown role for TBK1 as a suppressor of oxidative stress (Nrf2) signalling and show that p.G175S TBK1 expressing cells lose this inhibitory function. Our data suggest that TBK1 ALS mutations may broadly impair p62-mediated cell signalling, which ultimately may reduce neuronal survival, in addition TDP-43 was not efficiently degraded, together these effects may contribute to TBK1 mutation associated ALS and FTLD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A D Foster
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Health Research Building, Discovery Way, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - P Downing
- School of Health Sciences, Notre Dame University, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - E Figredo
- School of Health Sciences, Notre Dame University, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - N Polain
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Health Research Building, Discovery Way, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - A Stott
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - R Layfield
- School of Health Sciences, Notre Dame University, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - S L Rea
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Health Research Building, Discovery Way, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Regional, cellular and species difference of two key neuroinflammatory genes implicated in schizophrenia. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:826-839. [PMID: 32450195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) regulates the expression of many inflammatory genes that are overexpressed in a subset of people with schizophrenia. Transcriptional reduction in one NF-κB inhibitor, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Enhancer Binding Protein 2 (HIVEP2), is found in the brain of patients, aligning with evidence of NF-κB over-activity. Cellular co-expression of HIVEP2 and cytokine transcripts is a prerequisite for a direct effect of HIVEP2 on pro-inflammatory transcription, and we do not know if changes in HIVEP2 and markers of neuroinflammation are occurring in the same brain cell type. We performed in situ hybridisation on postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tissue to map and compare the expression of HIVEP2 and Serpin Family A Member 3 (SERPINA3), one of the most consistently increased inflammatory genes in schizophrenia, between schizophrenia patients and controls. We find that HIVEP2 expression is neuronal and is decreased in almost all grey matter cortical layers in schizophrenia patients with neuroinflammation, and that SERPINA3 is increased in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex grey matter and white matter in the same group of patients. We are the first to map the upregulation of SERPINA3 to astrocytes and to some neurons, and find evidence to suggest that blood vessel-associated astrocytes are the main cellular source of SERPINA3 in the schizophrenia cortex. We show that a lack of HIVEP2 in mice does not cause astrocytic upregulation of Serpina3n but does induce its transcription in neurons. We speculate that HIVEP2 downregulation is not a direct cause of astrocytic pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis in schizophrenia but may contribute to neuronally-mediated neuroinflammation.
Collapse
|
20
|
Dresselhaus EC, Meffert MK. Cellular Specificity of NF-κB Function in the Nervous System. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1043. [PMID: 31143184 PMCID: PMC6520659 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor with key functions in a wide array of biological systems. While the role of NF-κB in processes, such as host immunity and oncogenesis has been more clearly defined, an understanding of the basic functions of NF-κB in the nervous system has lagged behind. The vast cell-type heterogeneity within the central nervous system (CNS) and the interplay between cell-type specific roles of NF-κB contributes to the complexity of understanding NF-κB functions in the brain. In this review, we will focus on the emerging understanding of cell-autonomous regulation of NF-κB signaling as well as the non-cell-autonomous functional impacts of NF-κB activation in the mammalian nervous system. We will focus on recent work which is unlocking the pleiotropic roles of NF-κB in neurons and glial cells (including astrocytes and microglia). Normal physiology as well as disorders of the CNS in which NF-κB signaling has been implicated will be discussed with reference to the lens of cell-type specific responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica C Dresselhaus
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mollie K Meffert
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang J, Zhang XS, Tao R, Zhang J, Liu L, Jiang YH, Ma SH, Song LX, Xia LJ. Upregulation of CX3CL1 mediated by NF-κB activation in dorsal root ganglion contributes to peripheral sensitization and chronic pain induced by oxaliplatin administration. Mol Pain 2018; 13:1744806917726256. [PMID: 28849713 PMCID: PMC5580849 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917726256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Painful peripheral neuropathy is a severe side effect in oxaliplatin therapy that compromises cancer patients' quality of life. However, its underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we found that intraperitoneal consecutive administration of oxaliplatin significantly increased excitability of small diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons and induced thermal hyperalgesia in rats. Furthermore, the CX3CL1 expression was significantly increased after oxaliplatin treatment, and intrathecal injection of a neutralizing antibody against CX3CL1 markedly attenuated the enhanced excitability of dorsal root ganglion neurons and thermal hyperalgesia. Importantly, the upregulated CX3CL1 is mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway, as inhibition of NF-κB p65 activation with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or p65 siRNA inhibited the upregulation of CX3CL1, the enhanced excitability of dorsal root ganglion neurons, and thermal hyperalgesia induced by oxaliplatin. Further studies with chromatin immunoprecipitation found that oxaliplatin treatment increased the recruitment of NF-κB p65 to the CX3Cl1 promoter region. Our results suggest that upregulation of CX3CL1 in dorsal root ganglion mediated by NF-κB activation contributes to the peripheral sensitization and chronic pain induced by oxaliplatin administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- 1 Department of Pain Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Zhang
- 2 Department of Orthopaedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rong Tao
- 1 Department of Pain Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- 3 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Woman and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Liu
- 1 Department of Pain Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-Hai Jiang
- 1 Department of Pain Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Song-He Ma
- 1 Department of Pain Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin-Xia Song
- 4 College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Ling-Jie Xia
- 1 Department of Pain Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Alleviates Bacterial-Induced Neuronal Apoptotic Damage in the Neonatal Rat Brain through Epigenetic Histone Modification. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9797146. [PMID: 29484107 PMCID: PMC5816840 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9797146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial meningitis during the perinatal period may cause long-term neurological deficits. The study investigated whether bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from E. coli. led to neuronal apoptosis with an impaired performance of long-term cognitive function involving the activation of histone modification in the TNF-α gene promoter. Further, we looked into the therapeutic efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a neonatal brain suffering from perinatal bacterial meningitis. We applied the following research techniques: neurobehavioral tasks, confocal laser microscopy, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting. At postnatal day 10, the animals were subjected to LPS and/or G-CSF. The target brain tissues were then collected at P17. Some animals (P45) were studied using neurobehavioral tasks. The LPS-injected group revealed significantly increased expression of NF-κB phosphorylation and trimethylated H3K4 in the TNFA gene promoter locus. Furthermore, the caspase-3, neuronal apoptosis expression, and an impaired performance in cognitive functions were also found in our study. Such deleterious outcomes described above were markedly alleviated by G-CSF therapy. This study suggests that selective therapeutic action sites of G-CSF through epigenetic regulation in the TNFA gene promoter locus may exert a potentially beneficial role for the neonatal brain suffering from perinatal bacterial-induced meningitis.
Collapse
|
23
|
Urbanska M, Gozdz A, Macias M, Cymerman IA, Liszewska E, Kondratiuk I, Devijver H, Lechat B, Van Leuven F, Jaworski J. GSK3β Controls mTOR and Prosurvival Signaling in Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:6050-6062. [PMID: 29143288 PMCID: PMC5994211 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinases-3β (GSK3β) is a key regulator of cell homeostasis. In neurons, GSK3β contributes to control of neuronal transmission and plasticity. Despite extensive studies in non-neuronal cells, crosstalk between GSK3β and other signaling pathways remains not well defined in neurons. In the present study, we report that GSK3β positively affected the activity of effectors of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and complex 2 (mTORC2), in mature neurons in vitro and in vivo. GSK3β also promoted prosurvival signaling and attenuated kainic acid-induced apoptosis. Our study identified GSK3β as a positive regulator of prosurvival signaling, including the mTOR pathway, and indicates the possible neuroprotective role of GSK3β in models of pharmacologically induced excitotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Urbanska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Gozdz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matylda Macias
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona A Cymerman
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Liszewska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kondratiuk
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Herman Devijver
- Department of Human Genetics, Experimental Genetics Group - LEGTEGG, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benoit Lechat
- Department of Human Genetics, Experimental Genetics Group - LEGTEGG, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fred Van Leuven
- Department of Human Genetics, Experimental Genetics Group - LEGTEGG, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacek Jaworski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gounden S, Chuturgoon A. Curcumin Upregulates Antioxidant Defense, Lon Protease, and Heat-Shock Protein 70 Under Hyperglycemic Conditions in Human Hepatoma Cells. J Med Food 2017; 20:465-473. [PMID: 28387563 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) regulates mitochondrial antioxidant (AO) defense and improves mitochondrial disorders. Curcumin protects mitochondria; however, the mechanisms need investigation. We postulated that curcumin increases AO defense under hyperglycemic conditions in HepG2 cells through SIRT3-mediated mechanisms. Cell viability was determined in HepG2 cells cultured with 5 mM glucose, 19.9 mM mannitol, vehicle control, 10 mM glucose, and 30 mM glucose in the absence or presence of curcumin for 24 h. SIRT3, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70), and Lon protein expressions were determined using western blot. Transcript levels of SIRT3, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability, SIRT3 protein expression, transcript levels of SIRT3, PGC-1α, CREB, GPx1, and SOD2 and protein expressions of NF-κB, Lon, and Hsp70 were significantly increased in the curcumin-treated hyperglycemic groups. Since curcumin and SIRT3 both improve mitochondrial function and AO defense, SIRT3 may be involved in the protective effects of curcumin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivona Gounden
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, South Africa
| | - Anil Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Time-lapse imaging of p65 and IκBα translocation kinetics following Ca 2+-induced neuronal injury reveals biphasic translocation kinetics in surviving neurons. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 80:148-158. [PMID: 28238890 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates neuronal differentiation, plasticity and survival. It is well established that excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate control NF-κB activity. Glutamate receptor overactivation is also involved in ischemic- and seizure-induced neuronal injury and neurodegeneration. However, little is known at the single cell-level how NF-κB signaling relates to neuronal survival during excitotoxic injury. We found that silencing of p65/NF-κB delayed N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxic injury in hippocampal neurons, suggesting a functional role of p65 in excitotoxicity. Time-lapse imaging of p65 and its inhibitor IκBα using GFP and Cerulean fusion proteins revealed specific patterns of excitotoxic NF-κB activation. Nuclear translocation of p65 began on average 8±3min following 15min of NMDA treatment and was observed in up to two thirds of hippocampal neurons. Nuclear translocation of IκBα preceded that of p65 suggesting independent translocation processes. In surviving neurons, the onset of p65 nuclear export correlated with mitochondrial membrane potential recovery. Dying neurons exhibited persistent nuclear accumulation of p65-eGFP until plasma membrane permeabilization. Our data demonstrate an important role for p65 activation kinetics in neuronal cell death decisions following excitotoxic injury.
Collapse
|
26
|
Roles of HIF-1α, VEGF, and NF-κB in Ischemic Preconditioning-Mediated Neuroprotection of Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons Against a Subsequent Transient Cerebral Ischemia. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6984-6998. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
27
|
Widera D, Klenke C, Nair D, Heidbreder M, Malkusch S, Sibarita JB, Choquet D, Kaltschmidt B, Heilemann M, Kaltschmidt C. Single-particle tracking uncovers dynamics of glutamate-induced retrograde transport of NF-κB p65 in living neurons. NEUROPHOTONICS 2016; 3:041804. [PMID: 27226975 PMCID: PMC4870386 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.3.4.041804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Retrograde transport of NF-κB from the synapse to the nucleus in neurons is mediated by the dynein/dynactin motor complex and can be triggered by synaptic activation. The caliber of axons is highly variable ranging down to 100 nm, aggravating the investigation of transport processes in neurites of living neurons using conventional light microscopy. We quantified for the first time the transport of the NF-κB subunit p65 using high-density single-particle tracking in combination with photoactivatable fluorescent proteins in living mouse hippocampal neurons. We detected an increase of the mean diffusion coefficient ([Formula: see text]) in neurites from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] after stimulation with glutamate. We further observed that the relative amount of retrogradely transported p65 molecules is increased after stimulation. Glutamate treatment resulted in an increase of the mean retrograde velocity from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text], whereas a velocity increase from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] was observed for anterogradely transported p65. This study demonstrates for the first time that glutamate stimulation leads to an increased mobility of single NF-κB p65 molecules in neurites of living hippocampal neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darius Widera
- University of Bielefeld, Cell Biology, Universitätsstr. 25, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, United Kingdom
| | - Christin Klenke
- University of Bielefeld, Cell Biology, Universitätsstr. 25, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Deepak Nair
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, Bordeaux 33077, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, Bordeaux 33077, France
| | - Meike Heidbreder
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Sebastian Malkusch
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Street 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sibarita
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, Bordeaux 33077, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, Bordeaux 33077, France
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, US4 INSERM, France
| | - Daniel Choquet
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, Bordeaux 33077, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, Bordeaux 33077, France
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- University of Bielefeld, Cell Biology, Universitätsstr. 25, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- University of Bielefeld, Molecular Neurobiology, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld 33501, Germany
| | - Mike Heilemann
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Street 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- University of Bielefeld, Cell Biology, Universitätsstr. 25, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dvoriantchikova G, Pappas S, Luo X, Ribeiro M, Danek D, Pelaez D, Park KK, Ivanov D. Virally delivered, constitutively active NFκB improves survival of injured retinal ganglion cells. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:2935-2943. [PMID: 27564592 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As axon damage and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss lead to blindness, therapies that increase RGC survival and axon regrowth have direct clinical relevance. Given that NFκB signaling is critical for neuronal survival and may regulate neurite growth, we investigated the therapeutic potential of NFκB signaling in RGC survival and axon regeneration. Although both NFκB subunits (p65 and p50) are present in RGCs, p65 exists in an inactive (unphosphorylated) state when RGCs are subjected to neurotoxic conditions. In this study, we used a phosphomimetic approach to generate DNA coding for an activated (phosphorylated) p65 (p65mut), then employed an adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) to deliver the DNA into RGCs. We tested whether constitutive p65mut expression prevents death and facilitates neurite outgrowth in RGCs subjected to transient retinal ischemia or optic nerve crush (ONC), two models of neurotoxicity. Our data indicate that RGCs treated with AAV2-p65mut displayed a significant increase in survival compared to controls in ONC model (77 ± 7% vs. 25 ± 3%, P-value = 0.0001). We also found protective effect of modified p65 in RGCs of ischemic retinas (55 ± 12% vs. 35 ± 6%), but not to a statistically significant degree (P-value = 0.14). We did not detect a difference in axon regeneration between experimental and control animals after ONC. These findings suggest that increased NFκB signaling in RGCs attenuates retinal damage in animal models of neurodegeneration, but insignificantly impacts axon regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galina Dvoriantchikova
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Steve Pappas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Xueting Luo
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marcio Ribeiro
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dagmara Danek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Kevin K Park
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dmitry Ivanov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C. NF-KappaB in Long-Term Memory and Structural Plasticity in the Adult Mammalian Brain. Front Mol Neurosci 2015; 8:69. [PMID: 26635522 PMCID: PMC4656838 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) is a well-known regulator of inflammation, stress, and immune responses as well as cell survival. In the nervous system, NF-κB is one of the crucial components in the molecular switch that converts short- to long-term memory-a process that requires de novo gene expression. Here, the researches published on NF-κB and downstream target genes in mammals will be reviewed, which are necessary for structural plasticity and long-term memory, both under normal and pathological conditions in the brain. Genetic evidence has revealed that NF-κB regulates neuroprotection, neuronal transmission, and long-term memory. In addition, after genetic ablation of all NF-κB subunits, a severe defect in hippocampal adult neurogenesis was observed during aging. Proliferation of neural precursors is increased; however, axon outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and tissue homeostasis of the dentate gyrus are hampered. In this process, the NF-κB target gene PKAcat and other downstream target genes such as Igf2 are critically involved. Therefore, NF-κB activity seems to be crucial in regulating structural plasticity and replenishment of granule cells within the hippocampus throughout the life. In addition to the function of NF-κB in neurons, we will discuss on a neuroinflammatory role of the transcription factor in glia. Finally, a model for NF-κB homeostasis on the molecular level is presented, in order to explain seemingly the contradictory, the friend or foe, role of NF-κB in the nervous system.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yamanishi E, Yoon K, Alberi L, Gaiano N, Mizutani KI. NF-κB signaling regulates the generation of intermediate progenitors in the developing neocortex. Genes Cells 2015; 20:706-19. [PMID: 26243725 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its well-established role during immune system function, NF-κB regulates cell survival and synaptic plasticity in the mature nervous system. Here, we show that during mouse brain development, NF-κB activity is present in the neocortical ventricular and subventricular zones (VZ and SVZ), where it regulates proliferative pool maintenance. Activation of NF-κB signaling, by expression of p65 or an activated form of the IκB kinase complex subunit IKK2, inhibited neuronal differentiation and promoted retention of progenitors in the VZ and SVZ. In contrast, blockade of the pathway with dominant negative forms of IKK2 and IκBα promoted neuronal differentiation both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, by modulating both the NF-κB and Notch pathways, we show that in the absence of canonical Notch activity, after knockdown of the pathway effector CBF1, NF-κB signaling promoted Tbr2 expression and intermediate neural progenitor fate. Interestingly, however, activation of NF-κB in vivo, with canonical Notch signaling intact, promoted expression of the radial glial marker Pax6. This work identifies NF-κB signaling as a regulator of neocortical neurogenesis and suggests that the pathway plays roles in both the VZ and SVZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Yamanishi
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Keejung Yoon
- Neuroregeneration Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Lavinia Alberi
- Neuroregeneration Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nicholas Gaiano
- Neuroregeneration Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ken-ichi Mizutani
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan.,Neuroregeneration Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tomasello DL, Gancarz-Kausch AM, Dietz DM, Bhattacharjee A. Transcriptional Regulation of the Sodium-activated Potassium Channel SLICK (KCNT2) Promoter by Nuclear Factor-κB. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18575-83. [PMID: 26100633 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.643536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent studies have shown the sodium-activated potassium channel SLACK (KCNT1) can contribute to neuronal excitability, there remains little information on the physiological role of the closely related SLICK (KCNT2) channel. Activation of SLICK channels may be important during pathological states such as ischemia, in which an increase in intracellular sodium and chloride can perturb membrane potential and ion homeostasis. We have identified two NFκB-binding sites within the promoter region of the human SLICK (KCNT2) and orthologous rat Slick (Kcnt2) genes, suggesting that conditions in which NFκB transcriptional activity is elevated promote expression of this channel. NFκB binding to the rat Slick promoter was confirmed in vivo by ChIP analyses, and NFκB was found differentially bound to the two sites. We verified NFκB transcriptional regulation of SLICK/Slick by mutational analyses and studying gene expression by luciferase assay in P19 cells, where NFκB is constitutively active. For the rat gene, activation of the Slick promoter was found to be additive in single NFκB mutations and synergistic in double mutations. Unexpectedly, for the human gene, NFκB exhibited cooperativity in activating the SLICK promoter. The human SLICK promoter constructs were then tested under hypoxic conditions in PC-12 cells, where NFκB is not active. Only under hypoxic conditions could luciferase activity be detected; the double NFκB mutant construct failed to exhibit activity. Transcriptional regulation of Slick by NFκB was verified in primary neurons. The Slick transcript decreased 24 h after NFκB inhibition. Our data show SLICK expression is predominantly under the control of NFκB. Because neuronal NFκB activation occurs during stressful stimuli such as hypoxia and injury, our findings suggest that SLICK is a neuroprotective gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy M Gancarz-Kausch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214
| | - David M Dietz
- From the Program in Neuroscience and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214
| | - Arin Bhattacharjee
- From the Program in Neuroscience and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yang T, Yang P, Jiang LM, Zhou RY. Activation of spinal NF-КB mediates pain behavior induced by plantar incision. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:9149-9155. [PMID: 26309571 PMCID: PMC4538181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway was involved in neuropathic and inflammatory pain, however, the role of NF-κB in incisional pain is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether the activation of NF-κB in the spinal cord is involved in pain hypersensitivity after a plantar incision in the rat hind paw. After rats received a plantar incision surgery, mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were determined by von Frey filaments and radiant heat, respectively. Western blot was used to determineNF-κB activation at different time points after incision. The NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) was administered intrathecally 30 min before hind paw plantar incision to determine the role of NF-κB in incision-induced pain. Our results showed that the expression level of NF-κB was significantly increased in spinal cord dorsal horn from 30 min to 3 days after the incision. Intrathecal pretreatment of PDTC attenuated incision-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Furthermore, PDTC significantly reduced the expression level of c-Fos in the dorsal horn after plantar incision. Taken together, plantar incision-induced pain behaviors can be prevented by the NF-κB inhibitor. Our results suggest that the blockage of the NF-КB signaling pathway might represent a valuable alternative for treating postoperative pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Pei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Liu-Ming Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ri-Yong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kyrargyri V, Vega-Flores G, Gruart A, Delgado-García JM, Probert L. Differential contributions of microglial and neuronal IKKβ to synaptic plasticity and associative learning in alert behaving mice. Glia 2014; 63:549-66. [PMID: 25297800 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are CNS resident immune cells and a rich source of neuroactive mediators, but their contribution to physiological brain processes such as synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory is not fully understood. In this study, we used mice with partial depletion of IκB kinase β, the main activating kinase in the inducible NF-κB pathway, selectively in myeloid lineage cells (mIKKβKO) or excitatory neurons (nIKKβKO) to measure synaptic strength at hippocampal Schaffer collaterals during long-term potentiation (LTP) and instrumental conditioning in alert behaving individuals. Resting microglial cells in mIKKβKO mice showed less Iba1-immunoreactivity, and brain IL-1β mRNA levels were selectively reduced compared with controls. Measurement of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) evoked by stimulation of the CA3-CA1 synapse in mIKKβKO mice showed higher facilitation in response to paired pulses and enhanced LTP following high frequency stimulation. In contrast, nIKKβKO mice showed normal basic synaptic transmission and LTP induction but impairments in late LTP. To understand the consequences of such impairments in synaptic plasticity for learning and memory, we measured CA1 fEPSPs in behaving mice during instrumental conditioning. IKKβ was not necessary in either microglia or neurons for mice to learn lever-pressing (appetitive behavior) to obtain food (consummatory behavior) but was required in both for modification of their hippocampus-dependent appetitive, not consummatory behavior. Our results show that microglia, through IKKβ and therefore NF-κB activity, regulate hippocampal synaptic plasticity and that both microglia and neurons, through IKKβ, are necessary for animals to modify hippocampus-driven behavior during associative learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Kyrargyri
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, 11521, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lv Q, Lan W, Sun W, Ye R, Fan X, Ma M, Yin Q, Jiang Y, Xu G, Dai J, Guo R, Liu X. Intranasal nerve growth factor attenuates tau phosphorylation in brain after traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurol Sci 2014; 345:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
35
|
Franco DG, Markus RP. The cellular state determines the effect of melatonin on the survival of mixed cerebellar cell culture. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106332. [PMID: 25184316 PMCID: PMC4153619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The constitutive activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a key transcription factor involved in neuroinflammation, is essential for the survival of neurons in situ and of cerebellar granule cells in culture. Melatonin is known to inhibit the activation of NF-κB and has a cytoprotective function. In this study, we evaluated whether the cytoprotective effect of melatonin depends on the state of activation of a mixed cerebellar culture that is composed predominantly of granule cells; we tested the effect of melatonin on cultured rat cerebellar cells stimulated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The addition of melatonin (0.1 nM–1 µM) reduced the survival of naïve cells while inhibiting LPS-induced cell death. Melatonin (100 nM) transiently (15 min) inhibited the nuclear translocation of both NF-κB dimers (p50/p50, p50/RelA) and, after 60 min, increased the activation of p50/RelA. Melatonin-induced p50/RelA activity in naïve cells resulted in the transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the production of NO. Otherwise, in cultures treated with LPS, melatonin blocked the LPS-induced activation of p50/RelA and the reduction in p50/p50 levels and inhibited iNOS expression and NO synthesis. Therefore, melatonin in vehicle-treated cells induces cell death, while it protects against LPS-induced cytotoxicity. In summary, we confirmed that melatonin is a neuroprotective drug when cerebellar cells are challenged; however, melatonin can also lead to cell death when the normal balance of the NF-κB pathway is disturbed. Our data provide a mechanistic basis for understanding the influence of cell context on the final output response of melatonin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Gil Franco
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina P. Markus
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Marinho HS, Real C, Cyrne L, Soares H, Antunes F. Hydrogen peroxide sensing, signaling and regulation of transcription factors. Redox Biol 2014; 2:535-62. [PMID: 24634836 PMCID: PMC3953959 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 571] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory mechanisms by which hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) modulates the activity of transcription factors in bacteria (OxyR and PerR), lower eukaryotes (Yap1, Maf1, Hsf1 and Msn2/4) and mammalian cells (AP-1, NRF2, CREB, HSF1, HIF-1, TP53, NF-κB, NOTCH, SP1 and SCREB-1) are reviewed. The complexity of regulatory networks increases throughout the phylogenetic tree, reaching a high level of complexity in mammalians. Multiple H2O2 sensors and pathways are triggered converging in the regulation of transcription factors at several levels: (1) synthesis of the transcription factor by upregulating transcription or increasing both mRNA stability and translation; (ii) stability of the transcription factor by decreasing its association with the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex or by inhibiting this complex; (iii) cytoplasm–nuclear traffic by exposing/masking nuclear localization signals, or by releasing the transcription factor from partners or from membrane anchors; and (iv) DNA binding and nuclear transactivation by modulating transcription factor affinity towards DNA, co-activators or repressors, and by targeting specific regions of chromatin to activate individual genes. We also discuss how H2O2 biological specificity results from diverse thiol protein sensors, with different reactivity of their sulfhydryl groups towards H2O2, being activated by different concentrations and times of exposure to H2O2. The specific regulation of local H2O2 concentrations is also crucial and results from H2O2 localized production and removal controlled by signals. Finally, we formulate equations to extract from typical experiments quantitative data concerning H2O2 reactivity with sensor molecules. Rate constants of 140 M−1 s−1 and ≥1.3 × 103 M−1 s−1 were estimated, respectively, for the reaction of H2O2 with KEAP1 and with an unknown target that mediates NRF2 protein synthesis. In conclusion, the multitude of H2O2 targets and mechanisms provides an opportunity for highly specific effects on gene regulation that depend on the cell type and on signals received from the cellular microenvironment. Complexity of redox regulation increases along the phylogenetic tree. Complex regulatory networks allow for a high degree of H2O2 biological plasticity. H2O2 modulates gene expression at all steps from transcription to protein synthesis. Fast response (s) is mediated by sensors with high H2O2 reactivity. Low reactivity H2O2 sensors may mediate slow (h) or localized H2O2 responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Susana Marinho
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla Real
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa Cyrne
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Soares
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, IPL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernando Antunes
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Naoi M, Maruyama W. Functional mechanism of neuroprotection by inhibitors of type B monoamine oxidase in Parkinson’s disease. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 9:1233-50. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.09.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
38
|
Kragh CL, Gysbers AM, Rockenstein E, Murphy K, Halliday GM, Masliah E, Jensen PH. Prodegenerative IκBα expression in oligodendroglial α-synuclein models of multiple system atrophy. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 63:171-83. [PMID: 24361600 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterized by parkinsonism, ataxia, autonomic dysfunction, and accumulation of α-synuclein in oligodendrocytes. To understand how α-synuclein aggregates impact oligodendroglial homeostasis, we investigated an oligodendroglial cell model of α-synuclein dependent degeneration and identified responses linked to the NF-κB transcription factor stress system. Coexpression of human α-synuclein and the oligodendroglial protein p25α increased the expression of IκBα mRNA and protein early during the degenerative process and this was dependent on both aggregation and Ser129 phosphorylation of α-synuclein. This response was prodegenerative because blocking IκBα expression by siRNA rescued the cells. IκBα is an inhibitor of NF-κB and acts by binding and retaining NF-κB p65 in the cytoplasm. The protection obtained by silencing IκBα was accompanied by a strong increase in nuclear p65 translocation indicating that NF-κB activation protects against α-synuclein aggregate stress. In the cellular model, two different phenotypes were observed; degenerating cells retracting their microtubules and resilient cells tolerating the coexpression of α-synuclein and p25α. The resilient cells displayed a significant higher nuclear translocation of p65 and activation of the NF-κB system relied on stress elicited by aggregated and Ser129 phosphorylated α-synuclein. To validate the relationship between oligodendroglial α-synuclein expression and IκBα, we analyzed two different lines of transgenic mice expressing human α-synuclein under the control of the oligodendrocytic MBP promotor (intermediate-expresser line 1 and high-expresser line 29). IκBα mRNA expression was increased in both lines and immunofluorescence microscopy and in situ hybridization revealed that IκBα mRNA and protein is expressed in oligodendrocytes. IκBα mRNA expression was demonstrated prior to activation of microglia and astrocytes in line 1. Human brain tissue affected by MSA displayed increased expression of IκBα and NF-κB p65 in some oligodendrocytes containing glial cytoplasmic inclusions. Our data suggest that oligodendroglial IκBα expression and NF-κB are activated early in the course of MSA and their balance contributes to the decision of cellular demise. Favoring oligodendroglial NF-κB activation may represent a therapeutic strategy for this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Kragh
- Department of Biomedicine & Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience-DANDRITE, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Amanda M Gysbers
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Edward Rockenstein
- Department of Neurosciences and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA
| | - Karen Murphy
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA
| | - Poul Henning Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine & Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience-DANDRITE, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in multiple sclerosis pathology. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:604-13. [PMID: 24007818 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling cascade plays a critical role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the main animal model of MS. NF-κB is essential for peripheral immune cell activation and the induction of pathology, but also plays crucial roles in resident cells of the central nervous system (CNS) during disease development. Here we review recent evidence clarifying the role of NF-κB in the different cell compartments contributing to MS pathology and its implications for the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of MS and other demyelinating pathologies of the CNS.
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor that regulates immune and cell-survival signaling pathways. NF-κB has been reported to be present in neurons wherein it reportedly responds to immune and toxic stimuli, glutamate, and synaptic activity. However, because the brain contains many cell types, assays specifically measuring neuronal NF-κB activity are difficult to perform and interpret. To address this, we compared NF-κB activity in cultures of primary neocortical neurons, mixed brain cells, and liver cells, employing Western blot of NF-κB subunits, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) of nuclear κB DNA binding, reporter assay of κB DNA binding, immunofluorescence of the NF-κB subunit protein p65, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of NF-κB-regulated gene expression, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of produced proteins. Assay of p65 showed its constitutive presence in cytoplasm and nucleus of neurons at levels significantly lower than in mixed brain or liver cells. EMSA and reporter assays showed that constitutive NF-κB activity was nearly absent in neurons. Induced activity was minimal--many fold lower than in other cell types, as measured by phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor IκBα, nuclear accumulation of p65, binding to κB DNA consensus sites, NF-κB reporting, or induction of NF-κB-responsive genes. The most efficacious activating stimuli for neurons were the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-beta (IL-β). Neuronal NF-κB was not responsive to glutamate in most assays, and it was also unresponsive to hydrogen peroxide, lipopolysaccharide, norepinephrine, ATP, phorbol ester, and nerve growth factor. The chemokine gene transcripts CCL2, CXCL1, and CXCL10 were strongly induced via NF-κB activation by TNFα in neurons, but many candidate responsive genes were not, including the neuroprotective genes SOD2 and Bcl-xL. Importantly, the level of induced neuronal NF-κB activity in response to TNFα or any other stimulus was lower than the level of constitutive activity in non-neuronal cells, calling into question the functional significance of neuronal NF-κB activity.
Collapse
|
41
|
Klenke C, Widera D, Engelen T, Müller J, Noll T, Niehaus K, Schmitz ML, Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C. Hsc70 is a novel interactor of NF-kappaB p65 in living hippocampal neurons. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65280. [PMID: 23762333 PMCID: PMC3676459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling via NF-κB in neurons depends on complex formation with interactors such as dynein/dynactin motor complex and can be triggered by synaptic activation. However, so far a detailed interaction map for the neuronal NF-κB is missing. In this study we used mass spectrometry to identify novel interactors of NF-κB p65 within the brain. Hsc70 was identified as a novel neuronal interactor of NF-κB p65. In HEK293 cells, a direct physical interaction was shown by co-immunoprecipitation and verified via in situ proximity ligation in healthy rat neurons. Pharmacological blockade of Hsc70 by deoxyspergualin (DSG) strongly decreased nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and transcriptional activity shown by reporter gene assays in neurons after stimulation with glutamate. In addition, knock down of Hsc70 via siRNA significantly reduced neuronal NF-κB activity. Taken together these data provide evidence for Hsc70 as a novel neuronal interactor of NF-κB p65.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Darius Widera
- Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Engelen
- Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Janine Müller
- Molecular Neurobiology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Noll
- Cell Culture Technology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karsten Niehaus
- Proteome and Metabolome Research, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - M. Lienhard Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
- Molecular Neurobiology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
You WC, Wang CX, Pan YX, Zhang X, Zhou XM, Zhang XS, Shi JX, Zhou ML. Activation of nuclear factor-κB in the brain after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage and its potential role in delayed brain injury. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60290. [PMID: 23536907 PMCID: PMC3607578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that inflammation is involved in brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a key transcriptional regulator of inflammatory genes. Here, we used pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC), an inhibitor of NF-κB, through intracisternal injection to study the role of NF-κB in delayed brain injury after SAH. A total of 55 rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: the control group; the SAH groups including Day-3, 5, and 7 SAH groups (the rabbits in these groups were sacrificed at 3, 5, 7 days after SAH, respectively); and the PDTC group (n = 11 for each group). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed to detect NF-κB DNA-binding activity. The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. Deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation was detected by TUNEL and p65 immunoactivity was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed the activation of NF-κB after SAH, especially at day 3 and 5. The activated p65 was detected in neurons. NF-κB DNA-binding activity was suppressed by intracisternal administration of PDTC. Increased levels of the TNF-α, IL-1β, and ICAM-1 mRNA were found in the brain at day 5 after SAH, and which were suppressed in the PDTC group. The number of TUNEL-positive cells also decreased significantly in the PDTC group compared with that in the Day-5 SAH group. These results demonstrated that the activated NF-κB in neurons after SAH plays an important role in regulating the expressions of inflammatory genes in the brain, and ultimately contributes to delayed brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chun You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-xi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun-xi Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-ming Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang-sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ji-xin Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-liang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zheng M, Liu J, Ruan Z, Tian S, Ma Y, Zhu J, Li G. Intrahippocampal injection of Aβ1-42 inhibits neurogenesis and down-regulates IFN-γ and NF-κB expression in hippocampus of adult mouse brain. Amyloid 2013; 20:13-20. [PMID: 23286786 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2012.755122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid-β (Aβ) is widely recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of AD. Aβ1-42 a major component of amyloid plaques, has shown synaptotoxicity associated with impaired long-term potentiation and cognitive deficits. Alteration of neurogenesis in AD patients has been reported, while little is known about how Aβ1-42 affects hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult brain. In this study, we injected human Aβ1-42 peptide into hippocampal CA1 area of adult mouse brain bilaterally and evaluated histological change and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain showed that Aβ1-42-injection resulted in an extensive neurodegeneration in the Aβ-accumulated area and CA3 in hippocampus. Immunostaining showed that intrahippocampal Aβ1-42-injection dramatically decreased the number of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) compared to the vehicle injection. Moreover, a significant decrease in the number of BrdU/double-cortin double-positive cells in Aβ1-42-injected hippocampus was observed, suggesting that Aβ1-42-injection inhibited progenitor cell proliferation and neurogenesis in subgranular zone of the DG in the adult brain. We also found that the Aβ1-42-mediated decline of neurogenesis was associated with decreased protein levels of cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the hippocampus. These results suggest that Aβ1-42 inhibits hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult brain possibly through down-regulation of INF-γ and NF-κB signaling pathway. This study provides a new insight into Aβ1-42-mediated decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meige Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Peluffo H, Gonzalez P, Acarin L, Arís A, Beyaert R, Villaverde A, Gonzalez B. Overexpression of the nuclear factor kappaB inhibitor A20 is neurotoxic after an excitotoxic injury to the immature rat brain. Neurol Res 2012; 35:308-19. [PMID: 23336395 DOI: 10.1179/1743132812y.0000000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The zinc finger protein A20 is an ubiquitinating/deubiquitinating enzyme essential for the termination of inflammatory reactions through the inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling. Moreover, it also shows anti-apoptotic activities in some cell types and proapoptotic/pronecrotic effects in others. Although it is known that the regulation of inflammatory and cell death processes are critical in proper brain functioning and that A20 mRNA is expressed in the CNS, its role in the brain under physiological and pathological conditions is still unknown. METHODS In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of A20 overexpression in mixed cortical cultures in basal conditions: the in vivo pattern of endogenous A20 expression in the control and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) excitotoxically damaged postnatal day 9 immature rat brain, and the post-injury effects of A20 overexpression in the same lesion model. RESULTS Our results show that overexpression of A20 in mixed cortical cultures induced significant neuronal death by decreasing neuronal cell counts by 45 ± 9%. in vivo analysis of endogenous A20 expression showed widespread expression in gray matter, mainly in neuronal cells. However, after NMDA-induced excitotoxicity, neuronal A20 was downregulated in the neurodegenerating cortex and striatum at 10-24 hours post-lesion, and it was re-expressed at longer survival times in reactive astrocytes located mainly in the lesion border. When A20 was overexpressed in vivo 2 hours after the excitotoxic damage, the lesion volume at 3 days post-lesion showed a significant increase (20.8 ± 7.0%). No A20-induced changes were observed in the astroglial response to injury. CONCLUSIONS A20 is found in neuronal cells in normal conditions and is also expressed in astrocytes after brain damage, and its overexpression is neurotoxic for cortical neurons in basal mixed neuron-glia culture conditions and exacerbates postnatal brain excitotoxic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Peluffo
- Insitut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sharma B, Singh N. Defensive effect of natrium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate (NDDCT) and lisinopril in DOCA-salt hypertension-induced vascular dementia in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 223:307-17. [PMID: 22526544 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Vascular dementia and hypertension are increasing day by day, with a high degree of co-occurrence. Tremendous amount of research work is required so that new pharmacological agents may be identified for their appropriate therapeutic utility to combat different dementing disorders. OBJECTIVES This study investigates the effect of natrium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate (NDDCT), a nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) inhibitor, as well as lisinopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, on deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertension-induced vascular dementia in rats. METHODS DOCA was used to induce hypertension and associated vascular dementia. Morris water maze (MWM) was used for testing learning and memory. Endothelial function was assessed by acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of aortic strips. Different biochemical estimations were used to assess oxidative stress (aortic superoxide anion, serum and brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species, and brain glutathione), nitric oxide levels (serum nitrite/nitrate), and cholinergic activity (brain acetyl cholinesterase activity). RESULTS DOCA treatment significantly raised the mean arterial blood pressure of rats, and these hypertensive rats performed poorly on MWM, reflecting impairment of learning and memory. DOCA treatment also impaired vascular endothelial function and different biochemical parameters. Treatments of NDDCT as well as lisinopril significantly attenuated DOCA hypertension-induced impairment of learning and memory, endothelial dysfunction, and changes in various biochemical levels. CONCLUSIONS DOCA-salt hypertension induces vascular dementia in rats. NF-κB as well as ACE inhibitors may be considered as potential pharmacological agents for the management of hypertension-induced vascular dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Sharma
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002 Punjab, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lian H, Shim DJ, Gaddam SSK, Rodriguez-Rivera J, Bitner BR, Pautler RG, Robertson CS, Zheng H. IκBα deficiency in brain leads to elevated basal neuroinflammation and attenuated response following traumatic brain injury: implications for functional recovery. Mol Neurodegener 2012; 7:47. [PMID: 22992283 PMCID: PMC3473257 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-7-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The transcription factor NFκB is an important mediator of cell survival and inflammation in the immune system. In the central nervous system (CNS), NFκB signaling has been implicated in regulating neuronal survival following acute pathologic damage such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke. NFκB is normally bound by the principal inhibitory protein, IκBα, and sequestered in the cytoplasm. Activation of NFκB requires the degradation of IκBα, thereby freeing NFκB to translocate to the nucleus and activate the target genes. Mice deficient in IκBα display deregulated and sustained NFκB activation and early postnatal lethality, highlighting a critical role of IκBα in NFκB regulation. Results We investigated the role of IκBα in regulating NFκB activity in the brain and the effects of the NFκB/IκBα pathway in mediating neuroinflammation under both physiological and brain injury conditions. We report that astrocytes, but not neurons, exhibit prominent NFκB activity, and that basal NFκB activity in astrocytes is elevated in the absence of IκBα. By generating mice with brain-specific deletion of IκBα, we show that IκBα deficiency does not compromise normal brain development. However, basal neuroinflammation detected by GFAP and Iba1 immunoreactivity is elevated. This leads to impaired inflammatory responses following TBI and worsened brain damage including higher blood brain barrier permeability, increased injury volumes and enlarged ventricle volumes. Conclusions We conclude that, in the CNS, astrocyte is the primary cell type subject to NFκB regulation. We further demonstrate that IκBα plays an important role in regulating NFκB activity in the brain and a robust NFκB/IκBα-mediated neuroinflammatory response immediately following TBI is beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lian
- Huffington Center on Aging Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Mincheva-Tasheva S, Soler RM. NF-κB signaling pathways: role in nervous system physiology and pathology. Neuroscientist 2012; 19:175-94. [PMID: 22785105 DOI: 10.1177/1073858412444007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular pathways related to cell survival regulate neuronal physiology during development and neurodegenerative disorders. One of the pathways that have recently emerged with an important role in these processes is nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). The activity of this pathway leads to the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factors and the regulation of anti-apoptotic gene expression. Different stimuli can activate the pathway through different intracellular cascades (canonical, non-canonical, and atypical), contributing to the translocation of specific dimers of the NF-κB transcription factors, and each of these dimers can regulate the transcription of different genes. Recent studies have shown that the activation of this pathway regulates opposite responses such as cell survival or neuronal degeneration. These apparent contradictory effects depend on conditions such as the pathway stimuli, the origin of the cells, or the cellular context. In the present review, the authors summarize these findings and discuss their significance with respect to survival or death in the nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefka Mincheva-Tasheva
- Neuronal Signaling Unit, Dep. Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Both embryonic and adult neurogenesis involves the self-renewal/proliferation, survival, migration and lineage differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells. Such dynamic process is tightly regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors and complex signaling pathways. Misregulated neurogenesis contributes much to a large range of neurodevelopmental defects and neurodegenerative diseases. The signaling of NFκB regulates many genes important in inflammation, immunity, cell survival and neural plasticity. During neurogenesis, NFκB signaling mediates the effect of numerous niche factors such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, extracellular matrix molecules, but also crosstalks with other signaling pathways such as Notch, Shh, Wnt/β-catenin. This review summarizes current progress on the NFκB signaling in all aspects of neurogenesis, focusing on the novel role of NFκB signaling in initiating early neural differentiation of neural stem cells and embryonic stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lee DH, Kubera K, Rosenthal B, Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C, Gold R, Linker RA. Neuronal NF-κB ablation does not influence neuro-axonal degeneration in experimental autoimmune demyelination. J Neuroimmunol 2012; 246:38-42. [PMID: 22475633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuro-axonal damage is a major hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, not much is known on the underlying mechanisms of neuronal degeneration. In disease model myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (MOG-EAE), there is a significant loss of alpha motorneurons in the cervical as well as thoracic and lumbar spinal cord. We further investigate the role of activated NF-κB for neuronal damage in a conditional ablation mouse model. A calcium calmodulin kinase II promoter-driven tetracycline transactivator is employed to regulate the expression of a human transdominant negative IκB-alpha mutant in the basal forebrain and selected neuronal subpopulations in the cerebellum and spinal cord including cerebellar Purkinje cells and spinal cord alpha motorneurons. In these mice with conditional neuronal NF-κB ablation, the clinical course of MOG-EAE, parameters of inflammation and axonal densities in the spinal cord white and grey matter as well as numbers of alpha motorneurons are not different to littermate controls. In conclusion, neuronal NF-κB ablation does not modulate neurodegeneration in autoimmune demyelination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Hyung Lee
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Imielski Y, Schwamborn JC, Lüningschrör P, Heimann P, Holzberg M, Werner H, Leske O, Püschel AW, Memet S, Heumann R, Israel A, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B. Regrowing the adult brain: NF-κB controls functional circuit formation and tissue homeostasis in the dentate gyrus. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30838. [PMID: 22312433 PMCID: PMC3270021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline during aging is correlated with a continuous loss of cells within the brain and especially within the hippocampus, which could be regenerated by adult neurogenesis. Here we show that genetic ablation of NF-κB resulted in severe defects in the neurogenic region (dentate gyrus) of the hippocampus. Despite increased stem cell proliferation, axogenesis, synaptogenesis and neuroprotection were hampered, leading to disruption of the mossy fiber pathway and to atrophy of the dentate gyrus during aging. Here, NF-κB controls the transcription of FOXO1 and PKA, regulating axogenesis. Structural defects culminated in behavioral impairments in pattern separation. Re-activation of NF-κB resulted in integration of newborn neurons, finally to regeneration of the dentate gyrus, accompanied by a complete recovery of structural and behavioral defects. These data identify NF-κB as a crucial regulator of dentate gyrus tissue homeostasis suggesting NF-κB to be a therapeutic target for treating cognitive and mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Imielski
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jens C. Schwamborn
- AG Stammzellbiologie und Regeneration, Institut für Zellbiologie, ZMBE, Münster, Germany; Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Peter Heimann
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Magdalena Holzberg
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hendrikje Werner
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biology, Immunos, Singapore
| | - Oliver Leske
- Molekulare Neurobiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas W. Püschel
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sylvie Memet
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Mycologie Moléculaire, CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Rolf Heumann
- Molekulare Neurobiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alain Israel
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Signalisation Moléculaire et Activation Cellulaire, CNRS URA 2582, Paris, France
| | | | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|