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Jeong KH, Zhu J, Park S, Kim WJ. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 6 Modulates Aberrant Axonal Sprouting in a Mouse Model of Pilocarpine-Induced Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2839-2853. [PMID: 37940780 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) is a highly selective calcium-ion channel that belongs to the TRPV family. TRPV6 is widely distributed in the brain, but its role in neurological diseases such as epilepsy remains unknown. Here, we report for the first time that TRPV6 expression is upregulated in the hippocampus of a pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model, mainly in the suprapyramidal bundle of the mossy fiber (MF) projection of the hippocampal CA3 regions. We found that TRPV6 overexpression via viral vector transduction attenuated abnormal MF sprouting (MFS), whereas TRPV6 knockdown aggravated the development of MFS and the incidence of recurrent seizures during epileptogenic progression. In the in vitro experiments, our results showed that modulation of TRPV6 expression resulted in a change in axonal formation in cultured hippocampal neurons. In addition, we found that TRPV6 was implicated in the regulation of Akt-glycogen synthase kinase-3-β activity, which is closely related to the cellular mechanism of axonal outgrowth. Therefore, these findings suggest that TRPV6 may regulate the formation of aberrant synaptic circuits during epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Hoon Jeong
- Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Ding J, Wu J, Hou X, Yang L, Gao Y, Zheng J, Jia N, He Z, Zhang H, Wang C, Qi X, Huang J, Pei X, Wang J. α-synuclein-lack expression rescues methamphetamine-induced mossy fiber degeneration in dorsal hippocampal CA3. Neurotoxicology 2024; 101:36-45. [PMID: 38311184 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) - induced cognitive impairments may be related to synaptic degeneration at mossy fiber terminals, critical for spatial memory formation in hippocampal circuits. We have previously found METH-induced neurodegeneration in the striatum by increasing the α-synuclein (α-SYN) level. However, whether and how the METH-induced mossy fiber degeneration is also blamed for the abnormal accumulation of α-SYN remains to be elucidated. Chronic METH exposure decreased mossy fiber density but upregulatedα-SYN and phosphorylated TAU (TAU-pSer396) in hippocampal CA3, associated with glial cell overactivation, axonal neuropathies, and memory impairment. Notably, the knockout of the α-SYN gene significantly alleviated the METH-induced mossy fiber degeneration and memory impairment. Meanwhile, the TAU-pSer396 accumulation and glial activation were ameliorated by α-SYN knockout. Our findings suggest an essential role of α-SYN in mediating METH-induced mossy fiber degeneration, providing promising therapeutic and prophylactic targets for METH-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Disease Diagnostic, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Yingdong Gao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Nannan Jia
- Neonatal Screening Center, Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Zheng He
- Neonatal Screening Center, Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Taian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Chengfei Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaolan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianglin Pei
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang China.
| | - Jiawen Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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Kruse P, Brandes G, Hemeling H, Huang Z, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Vlachos A, Lenz M. Synaptopodin Regulates Denervation-Induced Plasticity at Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Synapses. Cells 2024; 13:114. [PMID: 38247806 PMCID: PMC10814840 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases can lead to the denervation of brain regions caused by demyelination, traumatic injury or cell death. The molecular and structural mechanisms underlying lesion-induced reorganization of denervated brain regions, however, are a matter of ongoing investigation. In order to address this issue, we performed an entorhinal cortex lesion (ECL) in mouse organotypic entorhino-hippocampal tissue cultures of both sexes and studied denervation-induced plasticity of mossy fiber synapses, which connect dentate granule cells (dGCs) with CA3 pyramidal cells (CA3-PCs) and play important roles in learning and memory formation. Partial denervation caused a strengthening of excitatory neurotransmission in dGCs, CA3-PCs and their direct synaptic connections, as revealed by paired recordings (dGC-to-CA3-PC). These functional changes were accompanied by ultrastructural reorganization of mossy fiber synapses, which regularly contain the plasticity-regulating protein synaptopodin and the spine apparatus organelle. We demonstrate that the spine apparatus organelle and synaptopodin are related to ribosomes in close proximity to synaptic sites and reveal a synaptopodin-related transcriptome. Notably, synaptopodin-deficient tissue preparations that lack the spine apparatus organelle failed to express lesion-induced synaptic adjustments. Hence, synaptopodin and the spine apparatus organelle play a crucial role in regulating lesion-induced synaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Kruse
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Brandes
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hanna Hemeling
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zhong Huang
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in Neuromodulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lenz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Noguchi H, Arela JC, Ngo T, Cocas L, Pleasure S. Shh from mossy cells contributes to preventing NSC pool depletion after seizure-induced neurogenesis and in aging. eLife 2023; 12:RP91263. [PMID: 38079471 PMCID: PMC10712957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epileptic seizures induce aberrant neurogenesis from resident neural stem cells (NSCs) in the dentate gyrus of the adult mouse hippocampus, which has been implicated in depletion of the NSC pool and impairment of hippocampal function. However, the mechanisms regulating neurogenesis after seizures remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) from mossy cells is a major source of Shh signaling activity after seizures, by which mossy cells contribute to seizure-induced neurogenesis and maintenance of the NSC pool. Deletion of Shh from mossy cells attenuates seizure-induced neurogenesis. Moreover, in the absence of Shh from mossy cells, NSCs pool are prematurely depleted after seizure-induced proliferation, and NSCs have impaired self-renewal. Likewise, lack of Shh from mossy cells accelerates age-related decline of the NSC pool with accompanying reduction of self-renewal of NSCs outside the context of pathology such as seizures. Together, our findings indicate that Shh from mossy cells is critical to maintain NSCs and to prevent exhaustion from excessive consumption in aging and after seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jessica Chelsea Arela
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Thomas Ngo
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Laura Cocas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Santa Clara University, Biology Department, Neuroscience ProgramSanta ClaraUnited States
| | - Samuel Pleasure
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Programs in Neuroscience and Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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5
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Griego E, Galván EJ. BDNF and Lactate as Modulators of Hippocampal CA3 Network Physiology. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:4007-4022. [PMID: 37874456 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the notion that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and lactate are potent modulators of mammalian brain function. The modulatory actions of those biomolecules influence a wide range of neuronal responses, from the shaping of neuronal excitability to the induction and expression of structural and synaptic plasticity. The biological actions of BDNF and lactate are mediated by their cognate receptors and specific transporters located in the neuronal membrane. Canonical functions of BDNF occur via the tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor (TrkB), whereas lactate acts via monocarboxylate transporters or the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1). Both receptors are highly expressed in the central nervous system, and some of their physiological actions are particularly well characterized in the hippocampus, a brain structure involved in the neurophysiology of learning and memory. The multifarious neuronal circuitry between the axons of the dentate gyrus granule cells, mossy fibers (MF), and pyramidal neurons of area CA3 is of great interest given its role in specific mnemonic processes and involvement in a growing number of brain disorders. Whereas the modulation exerted by BDNF via TrkB has been extensively studied, the influence of lactate via HCAR1 on the properties of the MF-CA3 circuit is an emerging field. In this review, we discuss the role of both systems in the modulation of brain physiology, with emphasis on the hippocampal CA3 network. We complement this review with original data that suggest cross-modulation is exerted by these two independent neuromodulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Griego
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav Sur, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, C.P. 14330, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Emilio J Galván
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav Sur, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre el Envejecimiento, Mexico City, Mexico
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6
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Devine MJ, Szulc BR, Howden JH, López-Doménech G, Ruiz A, Kittler JT. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter haploinsufficiency enhances long-term potentiation at hippocampal mossy fibre synapses. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259823. [PMID: 36274588 PMCID: PMC10563808 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term changes in synaptic strength form the basis of learning and memory. These changes rely upon energy-demanding mechanisms, which are regulated by local Ca2+ signalling. Mitochondria are optimised for providing energy and buffering Ca2+. However, our understanding of the role of mitochondria in regulating synaptic plasticity is incomplete. Here, we have used optical and electrophysiological techniques in cultured hippocampal neurons and ex vivo hippocampal slices from mice with haploinsufficiency of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU+/-) to address whether reducing mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake alters synaptic transmission and plasticity. We found that cultured MCU+/- hippocampal neurons have impaired Ca2+ clearance, and consequently enhanced synaptic vesicle fusion at presynapses occupied by mitochondria. Furthermore, long-term potentiation (LTP) at mossy fibre (MF) synapses, a process which is dependent on presynaptic Ca2+ accumulation, is enhanced in MCU+/- slices. Our results reveal a previously unrecognised role for mitochondria in regulating presynaptic plasticity of a major excitatory pathway involved in learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Devine
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Blanka R. Szulc
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jack H. Howden
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Guillermo López-Doménech
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Arnaud Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Josef T. Kittler
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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7
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Monday HR, Kharod SC, Yoon YJ, Singer RH, Castillo PE. Presynaptic FMRP and local protein synthesis support structural and functional plasticity of glutamatergic axon terminals. Neuron 2022; 110:2588-2606.e6. [PMID: 35728596 PMCID: PMC9391299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Learning and memory rely on long-lasting, synapse-specific modifications. Although postsynaptic forms of plasticity typically require local protein synthesis, whether and how local protein synthesis contributes to presynaptic changes remain unclear. Here, we examined the mouse hippocampal mossy fiber (MF)-CA3 synapse, which expresses both structural and functional presynaptic plasticity and contains presynaptic fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein (FMRP), an RNA-binding protein involved in postsynaptic protein-synthesis-dependent plasticity. We report that MF boutons contain ribosomes and synthesize protein locally. The long-term potentiation of MF-CA3 synaptic transmission (MF-LTP) was associated with the translation-dependent enlargement of MF boutons. Remarkably, increasing in vitro or in vivo MF activity enhanced the protein synthesis in MFs. Moreover, the deletion of presynaptic FMRP blocked structural and functional MF-LTP, suggesting that FMRP is a critical regulator of presynaptic MF plasticity. Thus, presynaptic FMRP and protein synthesis dynamically control presynaptic structure and function in the mature mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Monday
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Shivani C Kharod
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Young J Yoon
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Robert H Singer
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA.
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8
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Abulaiti X, Wang A, Zhang H, Su H, Gao R, Chen J, Gao S, Li L. Disrupted mossy fiber connections from defective embryonic neurogenesis contribute to SOX11-associated schizophrenia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:180. [PMID: 35254515 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal mossy fiber connections in the hippocampus have been implicated in schizophrenia. However, it remains unclear whether this abnormality in the patients is genetically determined and whether it contributes to the onset of schizophrenia. Here, we showed that iPSC-derived hippocampal NPCs from schizophrenia patients with the A/A allele at SNP rs16864067 exhibited abnormal NPC polarity, resulting from the downregulation of SOX11 by this high-risk allele. In the SOX11-deficient mouse brain, abnormal NPC polarity was also observed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and this abnormal NPC polarity led to defective hippocampal neurogenesis-specifically, irregular neuroblast distribution and disrupted granule cell morphology. As granule cell synapses, the mossy fiber pathway was disrupted, and this disruption was resistant to activity-induced mossy fiber remodeling in SOX11 mutant mice. Moreover, these mutant mice exhibited diminished PPI and schizophrenia-like behaviors. Activation of hippocampal neurogenesis in the embryonic brain, but not in the adult brain, partially alleviated disrupted mossy fiber connections and improved schizophrenia-related behaviors in mutant mice. We conclude that disrupted mossy fiber connections are genetically determined and strongly correlated with schizophrenia-like behaviors in SOX11-deficient mice. This disruption may reflect the pathological substrate of SOX11-associated schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianmixinuer Abulaiti
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Aifang Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hang Su
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lingsong Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Kim J, Park D, Seo NY, Yoon TH, Kim GH, Lee SH, Seo J, Um JW, Lee KJ, Ko J. LRRTM3 regulates activity-dependent synchronization of synapse properties in topographically connected hippocampal neural circuits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2110196119. [PMID: 35022233 PMCID: PMC8784129 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110196119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) organize the architecture and properties of neural circuits. However, whether synaptic CAMs are involved in activity-dependent remodeling of specific neural circuits is incompletely understood. Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein 3 (LRRTM3) is required for the excitatory synapse development of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) granule neurons. Here, we report that Lrrtm3-deficient mice exhibit selective reductions in excitatory synapse density and synaptic strength in projections involving the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) and DG granule neurons, accompanied by increased neurotransmitter release and decreased excitability of granule neurons. LRRTM3 deletion significantly reduced excitatory synaptic innervation of hippocampal mossy fibers (Mf) of DG granule neurons onto thorny excrescences in hippocampal CA3 neurons. Moreover, LRRTM3 loss in DG neurons significantly decreased mossy fiber long-term potentiation (Mf-LTP). Remarkably, silencing MEC-DG circuits protected against the decrease in the excitatory synaptic inputs onto DG and CA3 neurons, excitability of DG granule neurons, and Mf-LTP in Lrrtm3-deficient mice. These results suggest that LRRTM3 may be a critical factor in activity-dependent synchronization of the topography of MEC-DG-CA3 excitatory synaptic connections. Collectively, our data propose that LRRTM3 shapes the target-specific structural and functional properties of specific hippocampal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Dongseok Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Na-Young Seo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
- Neural Circuits Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Taek-Han Yoon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Gyu Hyun Kim
- Neural Circuits Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Neural Circuits Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41062, Korea
- Brain Research Core Facilities, KBRI, Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Seo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Ji Won Um
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Kea Joo Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea;
- Neural Circuits Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea;
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10
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Orlando M, Dvorzhak A, Bruentgens F, Maglione M, Rost BR, Sigrist SJ, Breustedt J, Schmitz D. Recruitment of release sites underlies chemical presynaptic potentiation at hippocampal mossy fiber boutons. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001149. [PMID: 34153028 PMCID: PMC8216508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is a cellular model for learning and memory. However, the expression mechanisms underlying presynaptic forms of plasticity are not well understood. Here, we investigate functional and structural correlates of presynaptic potentiation at large hippocampal mossy fiber boutons induced by the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin. We performed 2-photon imaging of the genetically encoded glutamate sensor iGluu that revealed an increase in the surface area used for glutamate release at potentiated terminals. Time-gated stimulated emission depletion microscopy revealed no change in the coupling distance between P/Q-type calcium channels and release sites mapped by Munc13-1 cluster position. Finally, by high-pressure freezing and transmission electron microscopy analysis, we found a fast remodeling of synaptic ultrastructure at potentiated boutons: Synaptic vesicles dispersed in the terminal and accumulated at the active zones, while active zone density and synaptic complexity increased. We suggest that these rapid and early structural rearrangements might enable long-term increase in synaptic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Orlando
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Dvorzhak
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Bruentgens
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Maglione
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin R. Rost
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan J. Sigrist
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Breustedt
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Lituma PJ, Kwon HB, Alviña K, Luján R, Castillo PE. Presynaptic NMDA receptors facilitate short-term plasticity and BDNF release at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. eLife 2021; 10:e66612. [PMID: 34061025 PMCID: PMC8186907 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitter release is a highly controlled process by which synapses can critically regulate information transfer within neural circuits. While presynaptic receptors - typically activated by neurotransmitters and modulated by neuromodulators - provide a powerful way of fine-tuning synaptic function, their contribution to activity-dependent changes in transmitter release remains poorly understood. Here, we report that presynaptic NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) at mossy fiber boutons in the rodent hippocampus can be activated by physiologically relevant patterns of activity and selectively enhance short-term synaptic plasticity at mossy fiber inputs onto CA3 pyramidal cells and mossy cells, but not onto inhibitory interneurons. Moreover, preNMDARs facilitate brain-derived neurotrophic factor release and contribute to presynaptic calcium rise. Taken together, our results indicate that by increasing presynaptic calcium, preNMDARs fine-tune mossy fiber neurotransmission and can control information transfer during dentate granule cell burst activity that normally occur in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J Lituma
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Hyung-Bae Kwon
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Karina Alviña
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Rafael Luján
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
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12
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Garad M, Edelmann E, Leßmann V. Long-term depression at hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapses involves BDNF but is not mediated by p75NTR signaling. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8535. [PMID: 33879805 PMCID: PMC8058084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BDNF plays a crucial role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity. It is synthesized as a precursor (proBDNF) that can be proteolytically cleaved to mature BDNF (mBDNF). Previous studies revealed a bidirectional mode of BDNF actions, where long-term potentiation (LTP) was mediated by mBDNF through tropomyosin related kinase (Trk) B receptors whereas long-term depression (LTD) depended on proBDNF/p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling. While most experimental evidence for this BDNF dependence of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus was derived from Schaffer collateral (SC)-CA1 synapses, much less is known about the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity, in particular LTD, at hippocampal mossy fiber (MF) synapses onto CA3 neurons. Since proBDNF and mBDNF are expressed most abundantly at MF-CA3 synapses in the rodent brain and we had shown previously that MF-LTP depends on mBDNF/TrkB signaling, we now explored the role of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling in MF-LTD. Our results show that neither acute nor chronic inhibition of p75NTR signaling impairs MF-LTD, while short-term plasticity, in particular paired-pulse facilitation, at MF-CA3 synapses is affected by a lack of functional p75NTR signaling. Furthermore, MF-CA3 synapses showed normal LTD upon acute inhibition of TrkB receptor signaling. Nonetheless, acute inhibition of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of both intracellular and extracellular proBDNF cleavage, impaired MF-LTD. This seems to indicate that LTD at MF-CA3 synapses involves BDNF, however, MF-LTD does not depend on p75NTRs. Altogether, our experiments demonstrate that p75NTR signaling is not warranted for all glutamatergic synapses but rather needs to be checked separately for every synaptic connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machhindra Garad
- Institute of Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Elke Edelmann
- Institute of Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Volkmar Leßmann
- Institute of Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.
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13
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Briones BA, Pisano TJ, Pitcher MN, Haye AE, Diethorn EJ, Engel EA, Cameron HA, Gould E. Adult-born granule cell mossy fibers preferentially target parvalbumin-positive interneurons surrounded by perineuronal nets. Hippocampus 2021; 31:375-388. [PMID: 33432721 PMCID: PMC8020456 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult-born granule cells (abGCs) integrate into the hippocampus and form connections with dentate gyrus parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons, a circuit important for modulating plasticity. Many of these interneurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), extracellular matrix structures known to participate in plasticity. We compared abGC projections to PV+ interneurons with negative-to-low intensity PNNs to those with high intensity PNNs using retroviral and 3R-Tau labeling in adult mice, and found that abGC mossy fibers and boutons are more frequently located near PV+ interneurons with high intensity PNNs. These results suggest that axons of new neurons preferentially stabilize near target cells with intense PNNs. Next, we asked whether the number of abGCs influences PNN formation around PV+ interneurons, and found that near complete ablation of abGCs produced a decrease in the intensity and number of PV+ neurons with PNNs, suggesting that new neuron innervation may enhance PNN formation. Experience-driven changes in adult neurogenesis did not produce consistent effects, perhaps due to widespread effects on plasticity. Our study identifies abGC projections to PV+ interneurons with PNNs, with more presumed abGC mossy fiber boutons found near the cell body of PV+ interneurons with strong PNNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy A. Briones
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Thomas J. Pisano
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Miah N. Pitcher
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Amanda E. Haye
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Emma J. Diethorn
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Esteban A. Engel
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Heather A. Cameron
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth Gould
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
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14
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Lee SH, Lutz D, Drexler D, Frotscher M, Shen J. Differential modulation of short-term plasticity at hippocampal mossy fiber and Schaffer collateral synapses by mitochondrial Ca2. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240610. [PMID: 33049001 PMCID: PMC7553293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic mitochondrial Ca2+ plays a critical role in the regulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity. The presynaptic bouton of the hippocampal mossy fiber (MF) is much larger in size than that of the Schaffer collateral (SC) synapse. Here we compare the structural and physiological characteristics of MF and SC presynaptic boutons to reveal functional and mechanistic differences between these two synapses. Our quantitative ultrastructural analysis using electron microscopy show many more mitochondria in MF presynaptic bouton cross-section profiles compared to SC boutons. Consistent with these results, post-tetanic potentiation (PTP), a form of presynaptic short-term plasticity dependent on mitochondrial Ca2+, is reduced by inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ release at MF synapses but not at SC synapses. However, blockade of mitochondrial Ca2+ release results in reduction of PTP at SC synapses by disynaptic MF stimulation. Furthermore, inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ release selectively decreases frequency facilitation evoked by short trains of presynaptic stimulation at MF synapses, while having no effect at SC synapses. Moreover, depletion of ER Ca2+ stores leads to reduction of PTP at MF synapses, but PTP is unaffected by ER Ca2+ depletion at SC synapses. These findings show that MF and SC synapses differ in presynaptic mitochondrial content as well as mitochondrial Ca2+ dependent synaptic plasticity, highlighting differential regulatory mechanisms of presynaptic plasticity at MF and SC synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Lutz
- Institute for Structural Neurobiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Drexler
- Institute for Structural Neurobiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Frotscher
- Institute for Structural Neurobiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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15
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Maglione M, Kochlamazashvili G, Eisenberg T, Rácz B, Michael E, Toppe D, Stumpf A, Wirth A, Zeug A, Müller FE, Moreno-Velasquez L, Sammons RP, Hofer SJ, Madeo F, Maritzen T, Maier N, Ponimaskin E, Schmitz D, Haucke V, Sigrist SJ. Spermidine protects from age-related synaptic alterations at hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19616. [PMID: 31873156 PMCID: PMC6927957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with functional alterations of synapses thought to contribute to age-dependent memory impairment (AMI). While therapeutic avenues to protect from AMI are largely elusive, supplementation of spermidine, a polyamine normally declining with age, has been shown to restore defective proteostasis and to protect from AMI in Drosophila. Here we demonstrate that dietary spermidine protects from age-related synaptic alterations at hippocampal mossy fiber (MF)-CA3 synapses and prevents the aging-induced loss of neuronal mitochondria. Dietary spermidine rescued age-dependent decreases in synaptic vesicle density and largely restored defective presynaptic MF-CA3 long-term potentiation (LTP) at MF-CA3 synapses (MF-CA3) in aged animals. In contrast, spermidine failed to protect CA3-CA1 hippocampal synapses characterized by postsynaptic LTP from age-related changes in function and morphology. Our data demonstrate that dietary spermidine attenuates age-associated deterioration of MF-CA3 synaptic transmission and plasticity. These findings provide a physiological and molecular basis for the future therapeutic usage of spermidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maglione
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gaga Kochlamazashvili
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Bence Rácz
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva Michael
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Toppe
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Stumpf
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Wirth
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - André Zeug
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Franziska E Müller
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Moreno-Velasquez
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosanna P Sammons
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja Maritzen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Maier
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Stephan J Sigrist
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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16
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Gonzalez-Reyes LE, Chiang CC, Zhang M, Johnson J, Arrillaga-Tamez M, Couturier NH, Reddy N, Starikov L, Capadona JR, Kottmann AH, Durand DM. Sonic Hedgehog is expressed by hilar mossy cells and regulates cellular survival and neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17402. [PMID: 31758070 PMCID: PMC6874678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a multifunctional signaling protein governing pattern formation, proliferation and cell survival during embryogenesis. In the adult brain, Shh has neurotrophic function and is implicated in hippocampal neurogenesis but the cellular source of Shh in the hippocampus remains ill defined. Here, we utilize a gene expression tracer allele of Shh (Shh-nlacZ) which allowed the identification of a subpopulation of hilar neurons known as mossy cells (MCs) as a prominent and dynamic source of Shh within the dentate gyrus. AAV-Cre mediated ablation of Shh in the adult dentate gyrus led to a marked degeneration of MCs. Conversely, chemical stimulation of hippocampal neurons using the epileptogenic agent kainic acid (KA) increased the number of Shh+ MCs indicating that the expression of Shh by MCs confers a survival advantage during the response to excitotoxic insults. In addition, ablation of Shh in the adult dentate gyrus led to increased neural precursor cell proliferation and their migration into the subgranular cell layer demonstrating that MCs-generated Shh is a key modulator of hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Gonzalez-Reyes
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA.
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Rehab. R&D, 10701 East Blvd. Mail Stop 151 AW/APT, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Chia-Chu Chiang
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Joshua Johnson
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Manuel Arrillaga-Tamez
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Nicholas H Couturier
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Neha Reddy
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Lev Starikov
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine at City College of New York and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Rehab. R&D, 10701 East Blvd. Mail Stop 151 AW/APT, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Andreas H Kottmann
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine at City College of New York and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Dominique M Durand
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
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17
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Bernstein HL, Lu YL, Botterill JJ, Scharfman HE. Novelty and Novel Objects Increase c-Fos Immunoreactivity in Mossy Cells in the Mouse Dentate Gyrus. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:1815371. [PMID: 31534449 PMCID: PMC6732597 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1815371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) and its primary cell type, the granule cell (GC), are thought to be critical to many cognitive functions. A major neuronal subtype of the DG is the hilar mossy cell (MC). MCs have been considered to play an important role in cognition, but in vivo studies to understand the activity of MCs during cognitive tasks are challenging because the experiments usually involve trauma to the overlying hippocampus or DG, which kills hilar neurons. In addition, restraint typically occurs, and MC activity is reduced by brief restraint stress. Social isolation often occurs and is potentially confounding. Therefore, we used c-fos protein expression to understand when MCs are active in vivo in socially housed adult C57BL/6 mice in their home cage. We focused on c-fos protein expression after animals explored novel objects, based on previous work which showed that MCs express c-fos protein readily in response to a novel housing location. Also, MCs are required for the training component of the novel object location task and novelty-encoding during a food-related task. GluR2/3 was used as a marker of MCs. The results showed that MC c-fos protein is greatly increased after exposure to novel objects, especially in ventral DG. We also found that novel objects produced higher c-fos levels than familiar objects. Interestingly, a small subset of neurons that did not express GluR2/3 also increased c-fos protein after novel object exposure. In contrast, GCs appeared relatively insensitive. The results support a growing appreciation of the role of the DG in novelty detection and novel object recognition, where hilar neurons and especially MCs are very sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L. Bernstein
- The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiology, and Psychiatry, and the Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, 100 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yi-Ling Lu
- The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiology, and Psychiatry, and the Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, 100 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Justin J. Botterill
- The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiology, and Psychiatry, and the Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, 100 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Helen E. Scharfman
- The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiology, and Psychiatry, and the Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, 100 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, USA
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18
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Martinello K, Giacalone E, Migliore M, Brown DA, Shah MM. The subthreshold-active K V7 current regulates neurotransmission by limiting spike-induced Ca 2+ influx in hippocampal mossy fiber synaptic terminals. Commun Biol 2019; 2:145. [PMID: 31044170 PMCID: PMC6486593 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0408-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the properties and function of ion channels that affect synaptic terminal-resting properties. One particular subthreshold-active ion channel, the Kv7 potassium channel, is highly localized to axons, but its role in regulating synaptic terminal intrinsic excitability and release is largely unexplored. Using electrophysiological recordings together with computational modeling, we found that the KV7 current was active at rest in adult hippocampal mossy fiber synaptic terminals and enhanced their membrane conductance. The current also restrained action potential-induced Ca2+ influx via N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels in boutons. This was associated with a substantial reduction in the spike half-width and afterdepolarization following presynaptic spikes. Further, by constraining spike-induced Ca2+ influx, the presynaptic KV7 current decreased neurotransmission onto CA3 pyramidal neurons and short-term synaptic plasticity at the mossy fiber-CA3 synapse. This is a distinctive mechanism by which KV7 channels influence hippocampal neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michele Migliore
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - David A. Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Mala M. Shah
- UCL School of Pharmacy University College London, London, WC1N 1AX UK
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19
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Garand D, Mahadevan V, Woodin MA. Ionotropic and metabotropic kainate receptor signalling regulates Cl - homeostasis and GABAergic inhibition. J Physiol 2019; 597:1677-1690. [PMID: 30570751 PMCID: PMC6418771 DOI: 10.1113/jp276901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2) plays a critical role in regulating chloride homeostasis, which is essential for hyperpolarizing inhibition in the mature nervous system. KCC2 interacts with many proteins involved in excitatory neurotransmission, including the GluK2 subunit of the kainate receptor (KAR). We show that activation of KARs hyperpolarizes the reversal potential for GABA (EGABA ) via both ionotropic and metabotropic signalling mechanisms. KCC2 is required for the metabotropic KAR-mediated regulation of EGABA , although ionotropic KAR signalling can hyperpolarize EGABA independent of KCC2 transporter function. The KAR-mediated hyperpolarization of EGABA is absent in the GluK1/2-/- mouse and is independent of zinc release from mossy fibre terminals. The ability of KARs to regulate KCC2 function may have implications in diseases with disrupted excitation: inhibition balance, such as epilepsy, neuropathic pain, autism spectrum disorders and Down's syndrome. ABSTRACT Potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2) plays a critical role in the regulation of chloride (Cl- ) homeostasis within mature neurons. KCC2 is a secondarily active transporter that extrudes Cl- from the neuron, which maintains a low intracellular Cl- concentration [Cl- ]. This results in a hyperpolarized reversal potential of GABA (EGABA ), which is required for fast synaptic inhibition in the mature central nervous system. KCC2 also plays a structural role in dendritic spines and at excitatory synapses, and interacts with 'excitatory' proteins, including the GluK2 subunit of kainate receptors (KARs). KARs are glutamate receptors that display both ionotropic and metabotropic signalling. We show that activating KARs in the hippocampus hyperpolarizes EGABA , thus strengthening inhibition. This hyperpolarization occurs via both ionotropic and metabotropic KAR signalling in the CA3 region, whereas it is absent in the GluK1/2-/- mouse, and is independent of zinc release from mossy fibre terminals. The metabotropic signalling mechanism is dependent on KCC2, although the ionotropic signalling mechanism produces a hyperpolarization of EGABA even in the absence of KCC2 transporter function. These results demonstrate a novel functional interaction between a glutamate receptor and KCC2, a transporter critical for maintaining inhibition, suggesting that the KAR:KCC2 complex may play an important role in excitatory:inhibitory balance in the hippocampus. Additionally, the ability of KARs to regulate chloride homeostasis independently of KCC2 suggests that KAR signalling can regulate inhibition via multiple mechanisms. Activation of kainate-type glutamate receptors could serve as an important mechanism for increasing the strength of inhibition during periods of strong glutamatergic activity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/cytology
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/metabolism
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/physiology
- CA3 Region, Hippocampal/cytology
- CA3 Region, Hippocampal/metabolism
- CA3 Region, Hippocampal/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chlorides/metabolism
- Female
- Homeostasis
- Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal/metabolism
- Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal/physiology
- Pyramidal Cells/metabolism
- Pyramidal Cells/physiology
- Receptors, GABA/metabolism
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/metabolism
- Symporters/metabolism
- K Cl- Cotransporters
- GluK2 Kainate Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Garand
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Vivek Mahadevan
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Melanie A. Woodin
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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20
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Christensen KR, Beach TG, Serrano GE, Kanaan NM. Pathogenic tau modifications occur in axons before the somatodendritic compartment in mossy fiber and Schaffer collateral pathways. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:29. [PMID: 30819250 PMCID: PMC6394076 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) may occur first in axons of neurons and then progress back into the cell bodies to form neurofibrillary tangles, however, studies have not directly analyzed this relationship in relatively discrete circuits within the human hippocampus. In the early phases of tau deposition, both AT8 phosphorylation and exposure of the amino terminus of tau occurs in tauopathies, and these modifications are linked to mechanisms of synaptic and axonal dysfunction. Here, we examined the localization of these tau pathologies in well-characterized post-mortem human tissue samples from the hippocampus of 44 cases ranging between non-demented and mild cognitively impaired to capture a time at which intrahippocampal pathways show a range in the extent of tau deposition. The tissue sections were analyzed for AT8 (AT8 antibody), amino terminus exposure (TNT2 antibody), and amyloid-β (MOAB2 antibody) pathology in hippocampal strata containing the axons and neuronal cell bodies of the CA3-Schaffer collateral and dentate granule-mossy fiber pathways. We show that tau pathology first appears in the axonal compartment of affected neurons in the absence of observable tau pathology in the corresponding cell bodies in several cases. Additionally, deposition of tau in these intrahippocampal pathways was independent of the presence of Aβ plaques. We confirmed that the majority of tau pathology positive neuropil threads were axonal in origin and not dendritic using an axonal marker (i.e. SMI312 antibody) and somatodendritic marker (i.e. MAP2 antibody). Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that AT8 phosphorylation and amino terminus exposure are early pathological events and that the deposition of tau pathology, at least in the studied pathways, occurs first in the axonal compartment prior to observable pathology in the somata. These findings highlight the importance on targeting tau deposition, ideally in the initial phases of its deposition in axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle R Christensen
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, 400 Monroe Ave NW, Grand Rapids, MI, 49053, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas M Kanaan
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, 400 Monroe Ave NW, Grand Rapids, MI, 49053, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Hauenstein Neuroscience Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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21
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Chornyy S, Parnis A, Shmoish M, Cassel D. High abundance of ArfGAP1 found in the mossy fibers in hilus of the dentate gyrus region of the mouse brain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189659. [PMID: 29240824 PMCID: PMC5730162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arf GTPase-activating protein ArfGAP1 and its brain-specific isoform ArfGAP1B play an important role in neurotransmission. Here we analyzed the distribution of ArfGAP1 in the mouse brain. We found high levels of ArfGAP1 in the mouse dentate gyrus where it displayed especially elevated level in the polymorph layer (hilus). Importantly, the ArfGAP1 signal follows the pathway of the granular cell axons so-called mossy fibers which extend from the dentate gyrus to CA3 via stratum lucidum and partially stratum oriens. Additionally, we identified differential expression of ArfGAP1 in the isocortex. Thus, staining with anti-ArfGAP1 antibodies allows distinction between cortical cell layers 1, 2, 3 and 5 from 4 and 6. Taken together, our data suggest that ArfGAP1 can be used as a specific marker of the dentate mossy fibers and as for visualization of cortical layers in immunohistochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy Chornyy
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Parnis
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michael Shmoish
- Bioinformatics Knowledge Unit, Lorry I. Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dan Cassel
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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22
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Yang ZW, Wu F, Zhang SL. Effects of ganoderic acids on epileptiform discharge hippocampal neurons: insights from alterations of BDNF,TRPC3 and apoptosis. Pharmazie 2016; 71:340-344. [PMID: 27455554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Ganoderma lucidum spores (GLS) have shown anti-epileptic effects. However, there are no reports on the anti-epileptic effects of its chemical constituents ganoderic acids (GAs), and more research is needed to better understand the mechanism of GLS activity. In this work, rat primary hippocampal neurons in an in vitro model were used to assess the intervention effects of GAs on epileptiform discharge hippocampal neurons and expression of both BDNF and TRPC3, with the aid of immunofluorescence, MTT method and flow cytometry. It was found that BDNF and TRPC3 are expressed in all cells and were mainly localized in the cytoplasm. The fluorescence intensities of BDNF and TRPC3 in GAs groups were higher than those of normal control and model groups, especially at 80 μg/ml (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate of neurons was inversely proportional to BDNF and TRPC3 changes (P < 0.01). Therefore, BDNF and TRPC3 should be involved in the occurrence and development of epilepsy. GAs might indirectly inhibit mossy fiber sprouting and adjust the synaptic reconstructions by promoting the expression of BDNF and TRPC3. Besides, GAs could exert a protective effect on hippocampal neurons by promoting neuronal survival and the recovery of injured neurons.
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23
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Rogers SA, Kempen TAV, Pickel VM, Milner TA. Enkephalin levels and the number of neuropeptide Y-containing interneurons in the hippocampus are decreased in female cannabinoid-receptor 1 knock-out mice. Neurosci Lett 2016; 620:97-103. [PMID: 27012427 PMCID: PMC4967877 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug addiction requires learning and memory processes that are facilitated by activation of cannabinoid-1 (CB1) and opioid receptors in the hippocampus. This involves activity-dependent synaptic plasticity that is partially regulated by endogenous opioid (enkephalin and dynorphin) and non-opioid peptides, specifically cholecystokinin, parvalbumin and neuropeptide Y, the neuropeptides present in inhibitory interneurons that co-express CB1 or selective opioid receptors. We tested the hypothesis that CB1 receptor expression is a determinant of the availability of one or more of these peptide modulators in the hippocampus. This was achieved by quantitatively analyzing the immunoperoxidase labeling for each of these neuropeptide in the dorsal hippocampus of female wild-type (CB1+/+) and cannabinoid receptor 1 knockout (CB1-/-) C57/BL6 mice. The levels of Leu(5)-enkephalin-immunoreactivity were significantly reduced in the hilus of the dentate gyrus and in stratum lucidum of CA3 in CB1-/- mice. Moreover, the numbers of neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive interneurons in the dentate hilus were significantly lower in the CB1-/- compared to wild-type mice. However, CB1+/+ and CB1-/- mice did not significantly differ in expression levels of either dynorphin or cholecystokinin, and showed no differences in numbers of parvalbumin-containing interneurons. These findings suggest that the cannabinoid and opioid systems have a nuanced, regulatory relationship that could affect the balance of excitation and inhibition in the hippocampus and thus processes such as learning that rely on this balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Rogers
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Tracey A Van Kempen
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, United States; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Virginia M Pickel
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, United States; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, United States; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, United States; Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Endocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
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24
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Siegert S, Seo J, Kwon EJ, Rudenko A, Cho S, Wang W, Flood Z, Martorell AJ, Ericsson M, Mungenast AE, Tsai LH. The schizophrenia risk gene product miR-137 alters presynaptic plasticity. Nat Neurosci 2015; 18:1008-16. [PMID: 26005852 PMCID: PMC4506960 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding variants in the human MIR137 gene locus increase schizophrenia risk with genome-wide significance. However, the functional consequence of these risk alleles is unknown. Here we examined induced human neurons harboring the minor alleles of four disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in MIR137. We observed increased MIR137 levels compared to those in major allele-carrying cells. microRNA-137 gain of function caused downregulation of the presynaptic target genes complexin-1 (Cplx1), Nsf and synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1), leading to impaired vesicle release. In vivo, miR-137 gain of function resulted in changes in synaptic vesicle pool distribution, impaired induction of mossy fiber long-term potentiation and deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. By sequestering endogenous miR-137, we were able to ameliorate the synaptic phenotypes. Moreover, reinstatement of Syt1 expression partially restored synaptic plasticity, demonstrating the importance of Syt1 as a miR-137 target. Our data provide new insight into the mechanism by which miR-137 dysregulation can impair synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Siegert
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jinsoo Seo
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ester J. Kwon
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrii Rudenko
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sukhee Cho
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zachary Flood
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anthony J. Martorell
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maria Ericsson
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alison E. Mungenast
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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25
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Peret A, Christie LA, Ouedraogo DW, Gorlewicz A, Epsztein J, Mulle C, Crépel V. Contribution of aberrant GluK2-containing kainate receptors to chronic seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy. Cell Rep 2014; 8:347-54. [PMID: 25043179 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kainate is a potent neurotoxin known to induce acute seizures. However, whether kainate receptors (KARs) play any role in the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is not known. In TLE, recurrent mossy fiber (rMF) axons form abnormal excitatory synapses onto other dentate granule cells that operate via KARs. The present study explores the pathophysiological implications of KARs in generating recurrent seizures in chronic epilepsy. In an in vitro model of TLE, seizure-like activity was minimized in mice lacking the GluK2 subunit, which is a main component of aberrant synaptic KARs at rMF synapses. In vivo, the frequency of interictal spikes and ictal discharges was strongly reduced in GluK2(-/-) mice or in the presence of a GluK2/GluK5 receptor antagonist. Our data show that aberrant GluK2-containing KARs play a major role in the chronic seizures that characterize TLE and thus constitute a promising antiepileptic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Peret
- INSERM, INMED, U901, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 901, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Louisa A Christie
- INSERM, INMED, U901, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 901, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - David W Ouedraogo
- INSERM, INMED, U901, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 901, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Adam Gorlewicz
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme Epsztein
- INSERM, INMED, U901, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 901, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Mulle
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Crépel
- INSERM, INMED, U901, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 901, 13009 Marseille, France.
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26
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Toyoshima D, Mandai K, Maruo T, Supriyanto I, Togashi H, Inoue T, Mori M, Takai Y. Afadin regulates puncta adherentia junction formation and presynaptic differentiation in hippocampal neurons. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89763. [PMID: 24587018 PMCID: PMC3937348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation and remodeling of mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal cell synapses in the stratum lucidum of the hippocampus are implicated in the cellular basis of learning and memory. Afadin and its binding cell adhesion molecules, nectin-1 and nectin-3, together with N-cadherin, are concentrated at puncta adherentia junctions (PAJs) in these synapses. Here, we investigated the roles of afadin in PAJ formation and presynaptic differentiation in mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal cell synapses. At these synapses in the mice in which the afadin gene was conditionally inactivated before synaptogenesis by using nestin-Cre mice, the immunofluorescence signals for the PAJ components, nectin-1, nectin-3 and N-cadherin, disappeared almost completely, while those for the presynaptic components, VGLUT1 and bassoon, were markedly decreased. In addition, these signals were significantly decreased in cultured afadin-deficient hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, the interevent interval of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents was prolonged in the cultured afadin-deficient hippocampal neurons compared with control neurons, indicating that presynaptic functions were suppressed or a number of synapse was reduced in the afadin-deficient neurons. Analyses of presynaptic vesicle recycling and paired recordings revealed that the cultured afadin-deficient neurons showed impaired presynaptic functions. These results indicate that afadin regulates both PAJ formation and presynaptic differentiation in most mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal cell synapses, while in a considerable population of these neurons, afadin regulates only PAJ formation but not presynaptic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisaku Toyoshima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenji Mandai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail: (YT), (KM)
| | - Tomohiko Maruo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Irwan Supriyanto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hideru Togashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahito Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Mori
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail: (YT), (KM)
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27
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Zhuravleva ZN, Zhuravlev GI, Khutsian SS. [Inductive role of mossy fibers of hippocampus in the development of dendritic spines in aberrant synaptogenesis at neurotransplantation]. Ontogenez 2014; 45:42-49. [PMID: 25720264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The dentate fascia of the hippocampal formation isolated from 20-day-old Wistar rat fetuses was subjected to heterotopic transplantation into the somatosensory area of the neocortex of adult rats of the same strain. Five months after surgery, neurotransplantates, together with neighboring area of the neocortex, were studied using light and electron microscopy. We carried out a detailed study of the ultrastructure of the ectopic synaptic endings formed by the axons of granular neurons of the dentate fascia (mossy fibers) with neurons of the neocortex unusual for them in a normal state. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that most ectopic synaptic endings produce its determinant morphological features: giant sizes ofpresynaptic knobs, active zones with branched dendritic spines, and adherens junctions with the surface of dendrites. The data indicate that the mossy fibers growing from neurotransplantates induce structural and chemical reorganization of dendrites of the neocortex using transmembrane adherens junctions, such as puncta adherentia junctions. This results in the differentiation of active zones and development of dendritic spines typical for giant synaptic endings that are invaginated into presynaptic endings. Thus, the ability of neurons of the dentate fascia to form aberrant synaptic connections at transplantation results from the inductive synaptogenic properties of mossy fibers.
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28
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Nagy JI. Evidence for connexin36 localization at hippocampal mossy fiber terminals suggesting mixed chemical/electrical transmission by granule cells. Brain Res 2012; 1487:107-22. [PMID: 22771400 PMCID: PMC3501615 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Electrical synaptic transmission via gap junctions has become an accepted feature of neuronal communication in the mammalian brain, and occurs often between dendrites of interneurons in major brain structures, including the hippocampus. Electrical and dye-coupling has also been reported to occur between pyramidal cells in the hippocampus, but ultrastructurally-identified gap junctions between these cells have so far eluded detection. Gap junctions can be formed by nerve terminals, where they contribute the electrical component of mixed chemical/electrical synaptic transmission, but mixed synapses have only rarely been described in mammalian CNS. Here, we used immunofluorescence localization of the major gap junction forming protein connexin36 to examine its possible association with hippocampal pyramidal cells. In addition to labeling associated with gap junctions between dendrites of parvalbumin-positive interneurons, a high density of fine, punctate immunolabeling for Cx36, non-overlapping with parvalbumin, was found in subregions of the stratum lucidum in the ventral hippocampus of rat brain. A high percentage of Cx36-positive puncta in the stratum lucidum was localized to mossy fiber terminals, as indicated by co-localization of Cx36-puncta with the mossy terminal marker vesicular glutamate transporter-1, as well as with other proteins that are highly concentrated in, and diagnostic markers of, these terminals. These results suggest that mossy fiber terminals abundantly form mixed chemical/electrical synapses with pyramidal cells, where they may serve as intermediaries for the reported electrical and dye-coupling between ensembles of these principal cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Electrical Synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- James I Nagy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0J9.
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29
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Chamberlain SEL, González-González IM, Wilkinson KA, Konopacki FA, Kantamneni S, Henley JM, Mellor JR. SUMOylation and phosphorylation of GluK2 regulate kainate receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity. Nat Neurosci 2012; 15:845-52. [PMID: 22522402 PMCID: PMC3435142 DOI: 10.1038/nn.3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation or SUMOylation of the kainate receptor (KAR) subunit GluK2 have both individually been shown to regulate KAR surface expression. However, it is unknown whether phosphorylation and SUMOylation of GluK2 are important for activity-dependent KAR synaptic plasticity. We found that protein kinase C–mediated phosphorylation of GluK2 at serine 868 promotes GluK2 SUMOylation at lysine 886 and that both of these events are necessary for the internalization of GluK2-containing KARs that occurs during long-term depression of KAR-mediated synaptic transmission at rat hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Conversely, phosphorylation of GluK2 at serine 868 in the absence of SUMOylation led to an increase in KAR surface expression by facilitating receptor recycling between endosomal compartments and the plasma membrane. Our results suggest a role for the dynamic control of synaptic SUMOylation in the regulation of KAR synaptic transmission and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E L Chamberlain
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Inmaculada M González-González
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kevin A Wilkinson
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Filip A Konopacki
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Sriharsha Kantamneni
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jeremy M Henley
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jack R Mellor
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
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30
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Imielski Y, Schwamborn JC, Lüningschrör P, Heimann P, Holzberg M, Werner H, Leske O, Püschel AW, Memet S, Heumann R, Israel A, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B. Regrowing the adult brain: NF-κB controls functional circuit formation and tissue homeostasis in the dentate gyrus. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30838. [PMID: 22312433 PMCID: PMC3270021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline during aging is correlated with a continuous loss of cells within the brain and especially within the hippocampus, which could be regenerated by adult neurogenesis. Here we show that genetic ablation of NF-κB resulted in severe defects in the neurogenic region (dentate gyrus) of the hippocampus. Despite increased stem cell proliferation, axogenesis, synaptogenesis and neuroprotection were hampered, leading to disruption of the mossy fiber pathway and to atrophy of the dentate gyrus during aging. Here, NF-κB controls the transcription of FOXO1 and PKA, regulating axogenesis. Structural defects culminated in behavioral impairments in pattern separation. Re-activation of NF-κB resulted in integration of newborn neurons, finally to regeneration of the dentate gyrus, accompanied by a complete recovery of structural and behavioral defects. These data identify NF-κB as a crucial regulator of dentate gyrus tissue homeostasis suggesting NF-κB to be a therapeutic target for treating cognitive and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Imielski
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jens C. Schwamborn
- AG Stammzellbiologie und Regeneration, Institut für Zellbiologie, ZMBE, Münster, Germany; Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Peter Heimann
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Magdalena Holzberg
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hendrikje Werner
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biology, Immunos, Singapore
| | - Oliver Leske
- Molekulare Neurobiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas W. Püschel
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sylvie Memet
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Mycologie Moléculaire, CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Rolf Heumann
- Molekulare Neurobiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alain Israel
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Signalisation Moléculaire et Activation Cellulaire, CNRS URA 2582, Paris, France
| | | | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
- * E-mail:
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31
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Abstract
With the aid of chemoselective sensors, fluorescence microscopy has emerged as an indispensable tool to visualize the distribution and dynamics of various biologically important molecules in live specimens. Motivated by our interest in understanding the chemistry and biology of mobile zinc underlying its physiological and pathological roles, over the past decade, our laboratory has developed an extensive library of zinc fluorescence probes. In this chapter, we provide essential information about our sensor toolbox in order to assist investigators interested to apply our constructs to study various aspects of mobile zinc biology. We illustrate their use with several examples of imaging both exogenous and endogenous mobile zinc in live cells and tissues using various versions of fluorescence microscopy, including confocal and two-photon microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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32
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Oztan O, Aydin C, Isgor C. Chronic variable physical stress during the peripubertal-juvenile period causes differential depressive and anxiogenic effects in the novelty-seeking phenotype: functional implications for hippocampal and amygdalar brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the mossy fibre plasticity. Neuroscience 2011; 192:334-44. [PMID: 21767611 PMCID: PMC3166372 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Experimentally naive rats show variance in their locomotor reactivity to novelty, some displaying higher (HR) while others displaying lower (LR) reactivity, associated with vulnerability to stress. We employed a chronic variable physical stress regimen incorporating intermittent and random exposures of physical stressors or control handling during the peripubertal-juvenile period to assess interactions between stress and the LRHR phenotype in depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors on the forced swim and social interaction tests, respectively. A decrease in immobility in the forced swim test along with a decrease in social contact in the social interaction test were observed in the juvenile HRs, coupled with increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA in the hippocampus and in the basolateral amygdala with chronic variable physical stress. In contrast, an increase in immobility in the forced swim test and a decrease in social contact was observed in the LR counterparts coupled with an increase in the BDNF mRNA in the basolateral amygdala following chronic variable physical stress. Furthermore, chronic physical stress led to increased H3 and H4 acetylation at the P2 and P4 promoters of the hippocampal BDNF gene in the HR rats that is associated with increased suprapyramidal mossy fibre (SP-MF) terminal field volume. In contrast, chronic variable physical stress led to decreased H4 acetylation at the P4 promoter, associated with decreased SP-MF volume in the LR rats. These findings show dissociation in depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors following chronic variable physical stress in the juvenile HR animals that may be mediated by increased levels of BDNF in the hippocampus and in the amygdala, respectively. Moreover, chronic variable physical stress during the peripubertal-juvenile period results in opposite effects in depressive-like behavior in the LRHR rats by way of inducing differential epigenetic regulation of the hippocampal BDNF gene that, in turn, may mediate mossy fibre sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Oztan
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biomedical Science, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
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33
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Jung JH, An K, Kwon OB, Kim HS, Kim JH. Pathway-specific alteration of synaptic plasticity in Tg2576 mice. Mol Cells 2011; 32:197-201. [PMID: 21638202 PMCID: PMC3887667 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-0077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Various animal models of Alzheimer disease (AD) are characterized by deficits in spatial memory that are causally related to altered synaptic function and impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus. In Tg2576 AD mice, we compared LTP in 2 major hippocampal pathways, Schaffer collateral (SC) and mossy fiber (MF) pathways. Whereas LTP was completely abolished in the SC pathway of Tg2576 mice, we found no decrease in LTP induced by stimulation of the MF pathway. In fact, we found that in the MF pathway, LTP was slightly, but significantly, enhanced compared with that in the MF pathway of WT littermates. This pathway-specific impairment of LTP is not attributable to alterations in transmitter release, as indicated by an unaltered paired-pulse ratio. These results suggest that the spatial memory deficits normally seen in AD models arise primarily from LTP impairment at the SC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hye-sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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34
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Tian FF, Guo TH, Dang J, Ma YF, Chen JM, Chen Y, Cai XF, Song MY. [Involvement of Cdk5/p35 and tau protein in the hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting in the PTZ kindling model]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2011; 91:1197-1202. [PMID: 21756775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), p35, tau protein and the activity of Cdk5 in rat hippocampus during pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling process and their correlation with mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) so as to investigate the role of Cdk5/p35 in epileptogenesis. METHODS A total of 240 healthy male SD rats were divided randomly into normal controls and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) treatment groups. The epileptic models were established by injection of PTZ intraperitoneally. At Day 3, Weeks 1, 2, 4 & 6 after a daily injection of PTZ, Timm staining was scored in the CA3 region and dentate gyrus. At the same time, the mRNA and protein of Cdk5 and p35, total tau protein and its phosphorylation at ser202 and Cdk5 activity were analyzed in the hilus and stratum granulosum of dentate gyrus and the CA1, CA3 regions of hippocampus. The methods of in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, Western blot and immuno-precipitation and liquid scintillation counter were employed respectively. RESULTS Prominent MFS was observed in area CA3 rather than the inner molecular layer in PTZ-treated rats. And the degree of MFS progressed with the development of behavioral kindled seizures. The expressions of Cdk5/p35 mRNA and protein, tau protein and its phosphorylation at Ser202 significantly increased from Day 3 to Week 4 in the PTZ treatment group. It was in accordance with the progression of MFS in area CA3. CONCLUSION Cdk5/p35 and its substrate tau protein may be involved in MFS. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of MFS may lead to therapeutic interventions for limiting epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-fa Tian
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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35
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Kobayashi K, Umeda-Yano S, Yamamori H, Takeda M, Suzuki H, Hashimoto R. Correlated alterations in serotonergic and dopaminergic modulations at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse in mice lacking dysbindin. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18113. [PMID: 21448290 PMCID: PMC3063243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbindin-1 (dystrobrevin-binding protein 1, DTNBP1) is one of the promising schizophrenia susceptibility genes. Dysbindin protein is abundantly expressed in synaptic regions of the hippocampus, including the terminal field of the mossy fibers, and this hippocampal expression of dysbindin is strongly reduced in patients with schizophrenia. In the present study, we examined the functional role of dysbindin in hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synaptic transmission and its modulation using the sandy mouse, a spontaneous mutant with deletion in the dysbindin gene. Electrophysiological recordings were made in hippocampal slices prepared from adult male sandy mice and their wild-type littermates. Basic properties of the mossy fiber synaptic transmission in the mutant mice were generally normal except for slightly reduced frequency facilitation. Serotonin and dopamine, two major neuromodulators implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, can potentiate mossy fiber synaptic transmission probably via an increase in cAMP levels. Synaptic potentiation induced by serotonin and dopamine was very variable in magnitude in the mutant mice, with some mice showing prominent enhancement as compared with the wild-type mice. In addition, the magnitude of potentiation induced by these monoamines significantly correlated with each other in the mutant mice, indicating that a subpopulation of sandy mice has marked hypersensitivity to both serotonin and dopamine. While direct activation of the cAMP cascade by forskolin induced robust synaptic potentiation in both wild-type and mutant mice, this forskolin-induced potentaition correlated in magnitude with the serotonin-induced potentiation only in the mutant mice, suggesting a possible change in coupling of receptor activation to downstream signaling. These results suggest that the dysbindin deficiency could be an essential genetic factor that causes synaptic hypersensitivity to dopamine and serotonin. The altered monoaminergic modulation at the mossy fiber synapse could be a candidate pathophysiological basis for impairment of hippocampus-dependent brain functions in schizophrenia.
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36
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Schjetnan AGP, Escobar ML. In vivo BDNF modulation of hippocampal mossy fiber plasticity induced by high frequency stimulation. Hippocampus 2010; 22:1-8. [PMID: 20848610 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gómez-Palacio Schjetnan
- División de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 México, DF, México
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37
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Tian FF, Guo TH, Chen JM. [Hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting and Cdk5/p35 expressions in the pentylenetetrazole kindling rat model]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2008; 33:1101-1107. [PMID: 19141975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and p35 in rat hippocampus during pentetrazole kindling process and their relation with mossy fiber sprouting (MFS), and to investigate the role of Cdk5/p35 in epileptogenesis. METHODS Altogether 120 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) treated group. The epileptic models were established by the injection of PTZ intraperitoneally while the control rats were injected with an equal dose of saline. At the 3rd day, 1st week, 2nd week, 4th week, and 6th week after daily injection, Timm staining was performed in area CA3 and dentate gyrus, and the mRNA and protein of Cdk5 and p35 were analyzed in the hilus and stratum granulosum of dentate gyrus and area CA1 and CA3 of hippocampus, by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS The expression levels of Cdk5 and p35 mRNA were significantly higher in the PTZ treated subgroups of the 3rd day, 1st week, 2nd week, and 4th week than those in the controls. Thereafter, the expression decreased to the level of controls. The expression level of Cdk5 and p35 protein increased from the 3rd day to 2nd week, and then gradually decreased to the level of the controls. Timm scores for PTZ groups were 1 to approximately 4 before kindling and 4~5 after kindling in area CA3. CONCLUSION Change of Cdk5/p35 expression in the hippocampus may play a role in epileptogenesis by influencing the process of mossy fiber sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Fa Tian
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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38
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Abstract
Vesicular zinc (Zn(2+)) is found in a subset of glutamatergic nerve terminals throughout the mammalian forebrain and is colocalized with glutamate. Despite well-documented neuromodulatory roles, exocytosis of endogenous Zn(2+) from presynaptic terminals has never been directly demonstrated, because existing studies have measured elevated Zn(2+) concentrations by examining the perfusate. Thus, the specific origin of synaptic Zn(2+) remains a controversial subject. Here, we describe synaptic Zn(2+) trafficking between cellular compartments at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses by using the fluorescent indicator Zinpyr-1 to label the hippocampal mossy fiber boutons. We determined endogenous Zn(2+) exocytosis by direct observation of vesicular Zn(2+) as decreasing fluorescence intensity from presynaptic axonal boutons in the stratum lucidum of CA3 during neural activities induced by the stimulation of membrane depolarization. This presynaptic fluorescence gradually returned to a level near baseline after the withdrawal of moderate stimulation, indicating an endogenous mechanism to replenish vesicular Zn(2+). The exocytosis of the synaptic Zn(2+) was also dependent on extracellular Ca(2+) and was sensitive to Zn(2+)-specific chelators. Vesicular Zn(2+) loading was sensitive to the vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase inhibitor concanamycin A, and our experiments indicated that blockade of vesicular reloading with concanamycin A led to a depletion of that synaptic Zn(2+). Furthermore, synaptic Zn(2+) translocated to the postsynaptic cell body upon release to produce increases in the concentration of weakly bound Zn(2+) within the postsynaptic cytosol, demonstrating a feature unique to ionic substances released during neurotransmission. Our data provide important evidence for Zn(2+) as a substance that undergoes release in a manner similar to common neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Ketterman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Neuroscience Program, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
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39
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the understanding about co-localisation of amino acid transmitters in the brain. RESULTS The idea that neurons release the same transmitter at all their synapses is associated with Henry Dale and formulated as Dale's principle by John Eccles. This idea has been modified during the last years based on several studies showing that transmitters can co-exist at the same synapse. First, a large body of evidence was presented showing that a classical transmitter can be co-localized with different types of neuropeptides. Then, several studies showed that a synapse could co-release two classical transmitters. CONCLUSION This review presents and discusses data from our laboratory showing co-release of glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), aspartate/glutamate and aspartate/GABA from different types of hippocampal synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gundersen
- Department of Anatomy and the CMBN, University of Oslo, Norway.
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40
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Pacheco Otalora LF, Hernandez EF, Arshadmansab MF, rancisco SF, Willis M, Ermolinsky B, Zarei M, Knaus HG, Garrido-Sanabria ER. Down-regulation of BK channel expression in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain Res 2008; 1200:116-31. [PMID: 18295190 PMCID: PMC2346580 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2007] [Revised: 12/23/2007] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the hippocampus, BK channels are preferentially localized in presynaptic glutamatergic terminals including mossy fibers where they are thought to play an important role regulating excessive glutamate release during hyperactive states. Large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK, MaxiK, Slo) have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of genetic epilepsy. However, the role of BK channels in acquired mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) remains unknown. Here we used immunohistochemistry, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), Western immunoblotting and RT-PCR to investigate the expression pattern of the alpha-pore-forming subunit of BK channels in the hippocampus and cortex of chronically epileptic rats obtained by the pilocarpine model of MTLE. All epileptic rats experiencing recurrent spontaneous seizures exhibited a significant down-regulation of BK channel immunostaining in the mossy fibers at the hilus and stratum lucidum of the CA3 area. Quantitative analysis of immunofluorescence signals by LSCM revealed a significant 47% reduction in BK channel immunofluorescent signals in epileptic rats when compared to age-matched non-epileptic control rats. These data correlate with a similar reduction in BK channel protein levels and transcripts in the cortex and hippocampus. Our data indicate a seizure-related down-regulation of BK channels in chronically epileptic rats. Further functional assays are necessary to determine whether altered BK channel expression is an acquired channelopathy or a compensatory mechanism affecting the network excitability in MTLE. Moreover, seizure-mediated BK down-regulation may disturb neuronal excitability and presynaptic control at glutamatergic terminals triggering exaggerated glutamate release and seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F. Pacheco Otalora
- Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at Brownsville/Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA
| | - Eder F. Hernandez
- Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at Brownsville/Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA
| | - Massoud F. Arshadmansab
- Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at Brownsville/Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA
| | - Sebastian F rancisco
- Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at Brownsville/Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA
| | - Michael Willis
- Department of General Psychiatry, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr Strasse 1, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Boris Ermolinsky
- Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at Brownsville/Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA
| | - Masoud Zarei
- Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at Brownsville/Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA
- The Center for Biomedical Studies, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hans-Guenther Knaus
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr Strasse 1, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emilio R. Garrido-Sanabria
- Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at Brownsville/Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, Texas 78520 USA
- The Center for Biomedical Studies, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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41
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Abstract
The CA3 region of the hippocampus is unique in its connectivity, its role in cognitive maintenance, and its great vulnerability in schizophrenia. The down regulation of the expression and binding activity of glutamate receptors was revealed in the CA3 hippocampal region and may be attributed to cognitive disturbances in schizophrenia. Our previous study demonstrated that only schizophrenics with predominantly positive (but not predominantly negative) symptoms had smaller-sized branched spines (thorny excrescences) of CA3 pyramidal neurons and fewer synaptic contacts formed by dentate mossy fiber terminals (MFT-synapses). In the present study, we used an unbiased stereological physical dissector method to verify whether the numerical density of MFT-synapses is altered in schizophrenia. A morphometric study was performed in 10 normal controls and eight age-matched cases with chronic schizophrenia, including five cases with predominantly positive and three with predominantly negative symptoms. Schizophrenic cases had a significantly reduced numerical density of MFT-synapses (-25%, P < 0.01) compared with the control group. The decrease was similar in schizophrenic subgroups with predominantly positive and predominantly negative symptoms. No effects of postmortem delay, age, duration of disease, and neuroleptic exposure were found. Taken together with our previous results, the data suggest that the decrease of numerical density of MFT-synapses may be the result of different mechanisms in schizophrenics with predominantly positive and predominantly negative symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya S Kolomeets
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuropathology, Mental Health Research Center, Zagorodnoe Shosse 2, Moscow 117152, Russia.
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42
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Linkous DH, Flinn JM, Koh JY, Lanzirotti A, Bertsch PM, Jones BF, Giblin LJ, Frederickson CJ. Evidence that the ZNT3 protein controls the total amount of elemental zinc in synaptic vesicles. J Histochem Cytochem 2007; 56:3-6. [PMID: 17712179 PMCID: PMC2323120 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.6a7035.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ZNT3 protein decorates the presynaptic vesicles of central neurons harboring vesicular zinc, and deletion of this protein removes staining for zinc. However, it has been unclear whether only histochemically reactive zinc is lacking or if, indeed, total elemental zinc is missing from neurons lacking the Slc30a3 gene, which encodes the ZNT3 protein. The limitations of conventional histochemical procedures have contributed to this enigma. However, a novel technique, microprobe synchrotron X-ray fluorescence, reveals that the normal 2- to 3-fold elevation of zinc concentration normally present in the hippocampal mossy fibers is absent in Slc30a3 knockout (ZNT3) mice. Thus, the ZNT3 protein evidently controls not only the "stainability" but also the actual mass of zinc in mossy-fiber synaptic vesicles. This work thus confirms the metal-transporting role of the ZNT3 protein in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Linkous
- NeuroBioTex, Inc., 101 Christopher Columbus Blvd., Galveston, TX 77550, USA
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43
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Abstract
Hippocampal mossy fibers of young rodents have been reported to corelease inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in addition to excitatory transmitter glutamate. In this study, we aimed at re-evaluating this corelease hypothesis of both inhibitory and excitatory transmitters in the hippocampus. Electrophysiological examination revealed that, in juvenile mice and rats of the two to 3 weeks old, stimulation at the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus elicited monosynaptic GABAergic IPSCs in CA3 neurons in the presence of ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) blockers, only when rather strong stimuli were given. The group II mGluR agonist (2S,1'R,2'R,3'R)-2-(2,3-dicarboxycyclo-propyl)glycine (DCG-IV), which selectively suppresses transmission at the mossy fiber-CA3 synapse, abolished almost all postsynaptic responses elicited by the weak stimuli, whereas those by strong stimuli were inhibited only slightly. In addition, the minimal stimulation elicited GABAergic IPSCs in neonatal mice of the first postnatal week, whereas these responses are not sensitive to DCG-IV. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that mossy fiber terminals expressed GABA and the GABA-synthesizing enzyme GAD67, although the expression levels were much weaker than those in the inhibitory interneurons. Notably, the expression levels of the vesicular GABA transporter were much lower than those of GABA and GAD67, and almost below detection threshold. These results suggest that mossy fiber synapses are purely glutamatergic and apparent monosynaptic IPSCs so far reported are evoked by costimulation of inhibitory interneurons, at least in young mice and rats. Hippocampal mossy fiber terminals synthesize and store GABA, but have limited ability in vesicular release for GABA in the developing rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haruyuki Kamiya
- Neurobiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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44
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Pinheiro PS, Perrais D, Coussen F, Barhanin J, Bettler B, Mann JR, Malva JO, Heinemann SF, Mulle C. GluR7 is an essential subunit of presynaptic kainate autoreceptors at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:12181-6. [PMID: 17620617 PMCID: PMC1924597 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608891104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2006] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors are emerging as key players in the regulation of synaptic transmission. Here we identify GluR7, a kainate receptor (KAR) subunit with no known function in the brain, as an essential subunit of presynaptic autoreceptors that facilitate hippocampal mossy fiber synaptic transmission. GluR7(-/-) mice display markedly reduced short- and long-term synaptic potentiation. Our data suggest that presynaptic KARs are GluR6/GluR7 heteromers that coassemble and are localized within synapses. We show that recombinant GluR6/GluR7 KARs exhibit low sensitivity to glutamate, and we provide evidence that presynaptic KARs at mossy fiber synapses are likely activated by high concentrations of glutamate. Overall, from our data, we propose a model whereby presynaptic KARs are localized in the presynaptic active zone close to release sites, display low affinity for glutamate, are likely Ca(2+)-permeable, are activated by single release events, and operate within a short time window to facilitate the subsequent release of glutamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo S. Pinheiro
- *Laboratoire “Physiologie Cellulaire de la Synapse,” Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Neuroscience Institute, University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - David Perrais
- *Laboratoire “Physiologie Cellulaire de la Synapse,” Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Neuroscience Institute, University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Coussen
- *Laboratoire “Physiologie Cellulaire de la Synapse,” Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Neuroscience Institute, University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Barhanin
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Bernhard Bettler
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Jeffrey R. Mann
- Division of Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - João O. Malva
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Stephen F. Heinemann
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Christophe Mulle
- *Laboratoire “Physiologie Cellulaire de la Synapse,” Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Neuroscience Institute, University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Suzuki E, Okada T. Regional differences in GABAergic modulation for TEA-induced synaptic plasticity in rat hippocampal CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus. Neurosci Res 2007; 59:183-90. [PMID: 17669533 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Revised: 06/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetraethylammonium (TEA), a K(+)-channel blocker, reportedly induces long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampal CA1 synaptic responses, but at CA3 and the dentate gyrus (DG), the characteristics of TEA-induced plasticity and modulation by inhibitory interneurons remain unclear. This study recorded field EPSPs from CA1, CA3 and DG to examine the involvement of GABAergic modulation in TEA-induced synaptic plasticity for each region. In Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses and associational fiber (AF)-CA3 synapses, bath application of TEA-induced LTP in the presence and absence of picrotoxin (PTX), a GABA(A) receptor blocker, whereas TEA-induced LTP at mossy fiber (MF)-CA3 synapses was detected only in the absence of GABA(A) receptor blockers. MF-CA3 LTP showed sensitivity to Ni(2+), but not to nifedipine. In DG, synaptic plasticity was modulated by GABAergic inputs, but characteristics differed between the afferent lateral perforant path (LPP) and medial perforant path (MPP). LPP-DG synapses showed TEA-induced LTP during PTX application, whereas at MPP-DG synapses, TEA-induced long-term depression (LTD) was seen in the absence of PTX. This series of results demonstrates that TEA-induced DG and CA3 plasticity displays afferent specificity and is exposed to GABAergic modulation in an opposite manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Suzuki
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of the Humanities, Senshu University, 2-1-1 Higashimita, Tama, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8580, Japan
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Gureviciene I, Gurevicius K, Tanila H. Role of alpha-synuclein in synaptic glutamate release. Neurobiol Dis 2007; 28:83-9. [PMID: 17689254 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 06/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective mobilization of dopamine from the reserve pool has been reported in both alpha-synuclein knockout mice (KO) and pPrp-A30P transgenic mice. The present study extends these findings to glutamate release. Standard hippocampal slices were prepared from KO, pPrp-A30P, and C57BL/6J wild type (WT1) mice, as well as from mice with transgenic overexpression of wild type human alpha-synuclein (pSyn-hASY) and their negative littermates (WT2), and field responses were measured in CA3 in response to mossy fiber stimulation. The input/output curves indicated no differences in basal synaptic transmission between groups. Paired-pulse facilitation was significantly weaker in both transgenic alpha-synuclein lines and KO mice compared to their controls. High-frequency stimulation induced LTP only in transgenic mice. Frequency-facilitation was absent in KO mice and different from other mouse lines. These findings support the idea that lack of alpha-synuclein impairs mobilization of glutamate from the reserve pool. However, transgenic expression of A30P mutated or wild type alpha-synuclein does not appear to prevent endogenous mouse alpha-synuclein to carry out this function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gureviciene
- Department Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Science, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627/Neulaniementie 2, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Pierce JP, Punsoni M, McCloskey DP, Scharfman HE. Mossy cell axon synaptic contacts on ectopic granule cells that are born following pilocarpine-induced seizures. Neurosci Lett 2007; 422:136-40. [PMID: 17611032 PMCID: PMC3119631 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Revised: 03/13/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Granule cell neurogenesis increases following seizures, and some newly born granule cells develop at abnormal locations within the hilus. These ectopic granule cells (EGCs) demonstrate regular bursts of action potentials that are synchronized with CA3 pyramidal cell burst discharges and the bursts of hilar neurons, including mossy cells. Such findings suggest that mossy cells may participate in circuits that activate EGCs. Electron microscopic immunolabeling was therefore used to determine if mossy cell axon terminals form synapses with hilar EGC dendrites, using animals that underwent pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. Pilocarpine was administered to adult male rats, and those which developed status epilepticus were perfused 5-7 months later, after the period of EGC genesis. Hippocampal sections were processed for dual electron microscopic immunolabeling (using calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) as a marker for mossy cells and calbindin (CaBP) as a marker for EGCs). Light microscopic analysis revealed large CGRP-immunoreactive cells in the hilus, with the appearance and distribution of mossy cells. Electron microscopic analysis revealed numerous CaBP-immunoreactive dendrites in the hilus, some of which were innervated by CGRP-immunoreactive terminals. The results suggest that mossy cells participate in the excitatory circuits which activate EGCs, providing further insight into the network rearrangements that accompany seizure-induced neurogenesis in this animal model of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Pierce
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 411 E 69th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Abrahám H, Orsi G, Seress L. Ontogeny of cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript (CART) peptide and calbindin immunoreactivity in granule cells of the dentate gyrus in the rat. Int J Dev Neurosci 2007; 25:265-74. [PMID: 17616293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2007.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 05/17/2007] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide was first discovered in the rat striatum following cocaine and amphetamine administration. However, even without psychostimulant treatment, many neuronal groups of the central nervous system, including granule cells of the dentate gyrus, express CART peptide. Earlier studies, based on the prenatal expression of CART peptide in the mesencephalon, suggest that it exerts neurotrophic effects. In the present study, ontogenetic expression of CART peptide in dentate gyrus granule cells was studied using immunohistochemistry in rats from 5 days to 3 months old. Expression was correlated with the expression of another neurochemical marker of granule cells, the calcium binding protein, calbindin. Calbindin was already present in granule cells at postnatal day 5 (P5), whereas CART peptide was first observed at P12. The first CART peptide- and calbindin-immunoreactive cells were localized to the lateral end of the dorsal blade, to the outer part of granule cell layer adjacent to the molecular layer, which agrees with the localization of the first-generated granule cells in the dentate gyrus. The first calbindin-immnunoreactive mossy fibers were seen at P9 in the stratum lucidum of CA3, and the entire projection path of mossy fibers expressed calbindin at P18. Mossy fibers were CART peptide-immunopositive at P12, and they were visible in the most distal part of CA3, in CA3a next to CA2. This localization fits with the known spatial organization of mossy fiber axon terminals. An adult-like expression of CART peptide and calbindin in the hippocampal formation was detectable at P30. The late postnatal appearance of CART peptide in dentate granule cells, and their axonal terminals, indicates that CART peptide may play a neurotrophic role in late developmental events, such as synaptogenesis. However, this does not exclude the possibility of a neuromodulatory role for this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajnalka Abrahám
- Central Electron Microscopic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, 7643 Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Hungary
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Abstract
The seven-transmembrane receptor Smoothened is essential for hedgehog signal transduction. In adulthood, the highest density of Smoothened mRNA is found in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus. There, Smoothened expression is regulated by the synaptic activity involving the glutamatergic transmission. The precise localization of Smoothened proteins, however, has not yet been reported. Here, we describe Smoothened protein distribution in the hippocampal mossy fibers using specific Smoothened antibodies. We provide evidences for their presynaptic localization, and using electron microscopy, show that Smoothened is located in close association with synaptic vesicles and rarely with the plasma membrane. These findings demonstrate that Smoothened is localized presynaptically and suggest that Smoothened signal transduction may be implicated in the complex aspects of mossy fiber function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Masdeu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Institute Alfred Fessard-IFR 2118, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Bastian C, Li YV. Fluorescence imaging study of extracellular zinc at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse. Neurosci Lett 2007; 419:119-24. [PMID: 17485170 PMCID: PMC2965409 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 04/09/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although synaptically released, vesicular Zn(2+) has been proposed to play a neuromodulatory or neuronal signaling role at the mossy fiber-CA3 synapse, Zn(2+) release remains controversial, especially when detected using fluorescent imaging. In the present study, we investigated synaptically released Zn(2+) at the mossy fiber (MF) synapse in rat hippocampal slices using three chemically distinct, fluorescent Zn(2+) indicators. The indicators employed for this study were cell membrane impermeable (or extracellular) Newport Green [K(DZn2+) approximatelly 1 microM] , Zinpyr-4 K(DZn2+) approximately 1 nM and FluoZin-3 K(DZn2+) approximately 15 nM, chosen, in part, for their distinct dissociation constants. Among the three indicators, FluoZin-3 was also sensitive to Ca(2+) K(DCa2+) approximately 200-300 microM which was present in the extracellular medium ([Ca(2+)](o)>2mM). Hippocampal slices loaded with either Newport Green or FluoZin-3 showed increases in fluorescence after electrical stimulation of the mossy fiber pathway. These results are consistent with previous studies suggesting the presence of synaptically released Zn(2+) in the extracellular space during neuronal activities; however, the rise in FluoZin-3 fluorescence observed was complicated by the data that the addition of exogenous Zn(2+) onto FluoZin-3 loaded slices gave little change in fluorescence. In the slices loaded with the high-affinity indicator Zinpyr-4, there was little change in fluorescence after mossy fiber activation by electrical stimulation. Further study revealed that the sensitivity of Zinpyr-4 was mitigated by saturation with Zn(2+) contamination from the slice. These data suggest that the sensitivity and selectivity of a probe may affect individual outcomes in a given experimental system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinthasagar Bastian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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