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Jimenez JA, McCoy ES, Lee DF, Zylka MJ. The open field assay is influenced by room temperature and by drugs that affect core body temperature. F1000Res 2024; 12:234. [PMID: 38863500 PMCID: PMC11165296 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130474.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The open field assay is used to study anxiety-related traits and anxiolytic drugs in rodents. This assay entails measuring locomotor activity and time spent in the center of a chamber that is maintained at ambient room temperature. However, the ambient temperature in most laboratories varies daily and seasonally and can differ between buildings. We sought to evaluate how varying ambient temperature and core body temperature (CBT) affected open field locomotor activity and center time of male wild-type (WT, C57BL/6) and Transient Receptor Potential Subfamily M Member 8 ( Trpm8) knock-out ( Trpm8 -/- ) mice. TRPM8 is an ion channel that detects cool temperatures and is activated by icilin. Methods Mice were placed in the open field at 4°C and 23°C for 1 hour. Distance traveled and time spent in the center were measured. Mice were injected with icilin, M8-B, diazepam, or saline, and changes in activity level were recorded. Results The cooling agent icilin increased CBT and profoundly reduced distance traveled and center time of WT mice relative to controls. Likewise, cooling the ambient temperature to 4°C reduced distance traveled and center time of WT mice relative to Trpm8 -/- mice. Conversely, the TRPM8 antagonist (M8-B) reduced CBT and increased distance traveled and center time of WT mice when tested at 4°C. The TRPM8 antagonist (M8-B) had no effect on CBT or open field behavior of Trpm8 -/- mice. The anxiolytic diazepam reduced CBT in WT and Trpm8 -/- mice. When tested at 4°C, diazepam increased distance traveled and center time in WT mice but did not alter open field behavior of Trpm8 -/- mice. Conclusions Environmental temperature and drugs that affect CBT can influence locomotor behavior and center time in the open field assay, highlighting temperature (ambient and core) as sources of environmental and physiologic variability in this commonly used behavioral assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Jimenez
- UNC Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Eric S. McCoy
- UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - David F. Lee
- UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mark J. Zylka
- UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Landen JG, Vandendoren M, Killmer S, Bedford NL, Nelson AC. Huddling substates in mice facilitate dynamic changes in body temperature and are modulated by Shank3b and Trpm8 mutation. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3904829. [PMID: 38978581 PMCID: PMC11230468 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3904829/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Social thermoregulation is a means of maintaining homeostatic body temperature. While adult mice are a model organism for studying both social behavior and energy regulation, the relationship between huddling and core body temperature (Tb) is poorly understood. Here, we develop a behavioral paradigm and computational tools to identify active-huddling and quiescent-huddling as distinct thermal substates. We find that huddling is an effective thermoregulatory strategy in female but not male groups. At 23°C (room temperature), but not 30°C (near thermoneutrality), huddling facilitates large reductions in Tb and Tb-variance. Notably, active-huddling is associated with bidirectional changes in Tb, depending on its proximity to bouts of quiescent-huddling. Further, group-housed animals lacking the synaptic scaffolding gene Shank3b have hyperthermic Tb and spend less time huddling. In contrast, individuals lacking the cold-sensing gene Trpm8 have hypothermic Tb - a deficit that is rescued by increased huddling time. These results reveal how huddling behavior facilitates acute adjustments of Tb in a state-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G. Landen
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
- University of Wyoming Sensory Biology Center, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Morgane Vandendoren
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
- University of Wyoming Sensory Biology Center, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Samantha Killmer
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
- University of Wyoming Sensory Biology Center, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Nicole L. Bedford
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Adam C. Nelson
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
- University of Wyoming Sensory Biology Center, Laramie, WY, USA
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3
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Arcas JM, Oudaha K, González A, Fernández-Trillo J, Peralta FA, Castro-Marsal J, Poyraz S, Taberner F, Sala S, de la Peña E, Gomis A, Viana F. The ion channel TRPM8 is a direct target of the immunosuppressant rapamycin in primary sensory neurons. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38741464 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is a key regulator of cell growth and metabolism. Its deregulation is implicated in several diseases. The macrolide rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of mTOR, has immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. Recently, we identified tacrolimus, another macrolide immunosuppressant, as a novel activator of TRPM8 ion channels, involved in cold temperature sensing, thermoregulation, tearing and cold pain. We hypothesized that rapamycin may also have agonist activity on TRPM8 channels. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using calcium imaging and electrophysiology in transfected HEK293 cells and wildtype or Trpm8 KO mouse DRG neurons, we characterized rapamycin's effects on TRPM8 channels. We also examined the effects of rapamycin on tearing in mice. KEY RESULTS Micromolar concentrations of rapamycin activated rat and mouse TRPM8 channels directly and potentiated cold-evoked responses, effects also observed in human TRPM8 channels. In cultured mouse DRG neurons, rapamycin increased intracellular calcium levels almost exclusively in cold-sensitive neurons. Responses were markedly decreased in Trpm8 KO mice or by TRPM8 channel antagonists. Cutaneous cold thermoreceptor endings were also activated by rapamycin. Topical application of rapamycin to the eye surface evokes tearing in mice by a TRPM8-dependent mechanism. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results identify TRPM8 cationic channels in sensory neurons as novel molecular targets of the immunosuppressant rapamycin. These findings may help explain some of its therapeutic effects after topical application to the skin and the eye surface. Moreover, rapamycin could be used as an experimental tool in the clinic to explore cold thermoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Arcas
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Khalid Oudaha
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Alejandro González
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Jorge Fernández-Trillo
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Júlia Castro-Marsal
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Seyma Poyraz
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco Taberner
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Sala
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Elvira de la Peña
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana Gomis
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Félix Viana
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
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4
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Mota CMD, Madden CJ. Neural circuits of long-term thermoregulatory adaptations to cold temperatures and metabolic demands. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:143-158. [PMID: 38316956 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian brain controls heat generation and heat loss mechanisms that regulate body temperature and energy metabolism. Thermoeffectors include brown adipose tissue, cutaneous blood flow and skeletal muscle, and metabolic energy sources include white adipose tissue. Neural and metabolic pathways modulating the activity and functional plasticity of these mechanisms contribute not only to the optimization of function during acute challenges, such as ambient temperature changes, infection and stress, but also to longitudinal adaptations to environmental and internal changes. Exposure of humans to repeated and seasonal cold ambient conditions leads to adaptations in thermoeffectors such as habituation of cutaneous vasoconstriction and shivering. In animals that undergo hibernation and torpor, neurally regulated metabolic and thermoregulatory adaptations enable survival during periods of significant reduction in metabolic rate. In addition, changes in diet can activate accessory neural pathways that alter thermoeffector activity. This knowledge may be harnessed for therapeutic purposes, including treatments for obesity and improved means of therapeutic hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa M D Mota
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christopher J Madden
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Riera CE. Wiring the Brain for Wellness: Sensory Integration in Feeding and Thermogenesis: A Report on Research Supported by Pathway to Stop Diabetes. Diabetes 2024; 73:338-347. [PMID: 38377445 PMCID: PMC10882152 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The recognition of sensory signals from within the body (interoceptive) and from the external environment (exteroceptive), along with the integration of these cues by the central nervous system, plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic balance. This orchestration is vital for regulating processes related to both food intake and energy expenditure. Animal model studies indicate that manipulating specific populations of neurons in the central nervous system which influence these processes can effectively modify energy balance. This body of work presents an opportunity for the development of innovative weight loss therapies for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this overview, we delve into the sensory cues and the neuronal populations responsible for their integration, exploring their potential in the development of weight loss treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes. This article is the first in a series of Perspectives that report on research funded by the American Diabetes Association Pathway to Stop Diabetes program. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline E. Riera
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Komura M, Miyata S, Yoshimura R. Icilin, a cool/cold-inducing agent, alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced septic sickness responses in mice. Neurosci Lett 2023; 816:137492. [PMID: 37742941 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a significant global public health challenge, resulting in millions of human deaths annually. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a non-selective ion channel, is the primary cold sensor in humans; however, its effects on endotoxin-induced inflammation remain unclear. We previously reported that TRPM8 knockout mice exhibited more severe physiological and behavioral endotoxemia responses upon a high-dose injection with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In the present study, we investigated whether icilin, a TRPM8 agonist, was a target for the suppression of sickness responses using a mouse model of LPS-induced sepsis. A peripheral high-dose injection of LPS at 5 mg/kg showed a maximal body temperature decrease of 5.1 °C in mice subcutaneously pretreated with vehicle and 1.5 °C in icilin-pretreated animals. The decline in locomotor activity was attenuated in icilin-pretreated mice and its recovery was faster; however, the high-dose LPS injection rapidly decreased locomotor activity regardless of the icilin pretreatment. Furthermore, the icilin pretreatment attenuated LPS-induced decreases in body weight and food and water intakes and accelerated recovery from these sickness responses. Therefore, the present results demonstrated that the icilin pretreatment alleviated LPS-induced sickness responses or decreases in body temperature, locomotor activity, body weight loss, and food and water intakes, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Komura
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Seiji Miyata
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585 Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585 Japan.
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7
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Tsuneoka Y, Nishikawa T, Furube E, Okamoto K, Yoshimura R, Funato H, Miyata S. Characterization of TRPM8-expressing neurons in the adult mouse hypothalamus. Neurosci Lett 2023; 814:137463. [PMID: 37640249 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a menthol receptor that detects cold temperatures and influences behaviors and autonomic functions under cold stimuli. Despite the well-documented peripheral roles of TRPM8, the evaluation of its central functions is still of great interest. The present study clarifies the nature of a subpopulation of TRPM8-expressing neurons in the adult mice. Combined in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry revealed that TRPM8-expressing neurons are exclusively positive for glutamate decarboxylase 67 mRNA signals in the lateral septal nucleus (LS) and preoptic area (POA) but produced no positive signal for vesicular glutamate transporter 2. Double labeling immunohistochemistry showed the colocalization of TRPM8 with vesicular GABA transporter at axonal terminals. Immunohistochemistry further revealed that TRPM8-expressing neurons frequently expressed calbindin and calretinin in the LS, but not in the POA. TRPM8-expressing neurons in the POA expressed a prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP3, and neurotensin, whereas expression in the LS was minimal. These results indicate that hypothalamic TRPM8-expressing neurons are inhibitory GABAergic, while the expression profile of calcium-binding proteins, neurotensin, and EP3 differs between the POA and LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Tsuneoka
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Taichi Nishikawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Eriko Furube
- Department of Anatomy, Asahikawa Medical University School of Medicine, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kaho Okamoto
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Funato
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan; International Institutes for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiji Miyata
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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8
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Pertusa M, Solorza J, Madrid R. Molecular determinants of TRPM8 function: key clues for a cool modulation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1213337. [PMID: 37388453 PMCID: PMC10301734 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1213337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold thermoreceptor neurons detect temperature drops with highly sensitive molecular machinery concentrated in their peripheral free nerve endings. The main molecular entity responsible for cold transduction in these neurons is the thermo-TRP channel TRPM8. Cold, cooling compounds such as menthol, voltage, and osmolality rises activate this polymodal ion channel. Dysregulation of TRPM8 activity underlies several physiopathological conditions, including painful cold hypersensitivity in response to axonal damage, migraine, dry-eye disease, overactive bladder, and several forms of cancer. Although TRPM8 could be an attractive target for treating these highly prevalent diseases, there is still a need for potent and specific modulators potentially suitable for future clinical trials. This goal requires a complete understanding of the molecular determinants underlying TRPM8 activation by chemical and physical agonists, inhibition by antagonists, and the modulatory mechanisms behind its function to guide future and more successful treatment strategies. This review recapitulates information obtained from different mutagenesis approaches that have allowed the identification of specific amino acids in the cavity comprised of the S1-S4 and TRP domains that determine modulation by chemical ligands. In addition, we summarize different studies revealing specific regions within the N- and C-terminus and the transmembrane domain that contribute to cold-dependent TRPM8 gating. We also highlight the latest milestone in the field: cryo-electron microscopy structures of TRPM8, which have provided a better comprehension of the 21 years of extensive research in this ion channel, shedding light on the molecular bases underlying its modulation, and promoting the future rational design of novel drugs to selectively regulate abnormal TRPM8 activity under pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pertusa
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
| | - Jocelyn Solorza
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Rodolfo Madrid
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
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9
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Wang Y, Ye L. Somatosensory innervation of adipose tissues. Physiol Behav 2023; 265:114174. [PMID: 36965573 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has led to a greater interest in adipose tissue physiology. Adipose tissue is now understood as an organ with endocrine and thermogenic capacities in addition to its role in fat storage. It plays a critical role in systemic metabolism and energy regulation, and its activity is tightly regulated by the nervous system. Fat is now recognized to receive sympathetic innervation, which transmits information from the brain, as well as sensory innervation, which sends information into the brain. The role of sympathetic innervation in adipose tissue has been extensively studied. However, the extent and the functional significance of sensory innervation have long been unclear. Recent studies have started to reveal that sensory neurons robustly innervate adipose tissue and play an important role in regulating fat activity. This brief review will discuss both historical evidence and recent advances, as well as important remaining questions about the sensory innervation of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Neuroscience and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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10
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Greenfield AM, Alba BK, Giersch GEW, Seeley AD. Sex differences in thermal sensitivity and perception: Implications for behavioral and autonomic thermoregulation. Physiol Behav 2023; 263:114126. [PMID: 36787810 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Temperature sensitive receptors in the skin and deep body enable the detection of the external and internal environment, including the perception of thermal stimuli. Changes in heat balance require autonomic (e.g., sweating) and behavioral (e.g., seeking shade) thermoeffector initiation to maintain thermal homeostasis. Sex differences in body morphology can largely, but not entirely, account for divergent responses in thermoeffector and perceptual responses to environmental stress between men and women. Thus, it has been suggested that innate differences in thermosensation may exist between men and women. Our goal in this review is to summarize the existing literature that investigates localized and whole-body cold and heat exposure pertaining to sex differences in thermal sensitivity and perception, and the interplay between autonomic and behavioral thermoeffector responses. Overall, it appears that local differences in thermal sensitivity and perception are minimized, yet still apparent, when morphological characteristics are well-controlled. Sex differences in the early vasomotor response to environmental stress and subsequent changes in blood flow likely contribute to the heightened thermal awareness observed in women. However, the contribution of thermoreceptors to observed sex differences in thermal perception and thermoeffector function is unclear, as human studies investigating these questions have not been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Greenfield
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, United States of America; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, United States of America.
| | - Billie K Alba
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, United States of America
| | - Gabrielle E W Giersch
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, United States of America
| | - Afton D Seeley
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, United States of America
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11
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Moriyama H, Nomura S, Imoto H, Oka F, Maruta Y, Mori N, Fujii N, Suzuki M, Ishihara H. Suppressive effects of a transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) agonist on hyperthermia-induced febrile seizures in infant mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1138673. [PMID: 36969879 PMCID: PMC10033885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1138673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most frequent type of seizures in infancy and childhood. Epileptiform discharges (EDs) on electroencephalogram at the time of first FS recurrence can increase the risk of epilepsy development. Therefore, inhibition of EDs is important. Recently, WS-3, a transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) agonist, reportedly suppressed penicillin G-induced cortical-focal EDs. However, the effects of TRPM8 agonists on FSs remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of the TRPM8 agonist, and the absence of TRPM8 channels, on hyperthermia-induced FS by analyzing the fast ripple band.Methods: Hyperthermia (43°C for 30 min) induced by a heating pad caused FSs in postnatal day 7 wild-type (WT) and TRPM8 knockout (TRPM8KO) mice. FSs were defined as EDs occurring during behavioral seizures involving hindlimb clonus and loss of the righting reflex. Mice were injected with 1% dimethyl sulfoxide or 1 mM WS-3 20 min before the onset of hyperthermia, and electroencephalograms; movies; and rectal, brain and heating pad temperatures were recorded.Results: In wild-type mice, WS-3 reduced the fast ripple amplitude in the first FS without changing rectal and brain temperature thresholds. In contrast, the anti-FS effect induced by the TRPM8 agonist was not observed in TRPM8KO mice and, compared with wild-type mice, TRPM8 deficiency lowered the rectal and brain temperature thresholds for FSs, exacerbated the fast ripple amplitude, and prolonged the duration of the initial FS induced by hyperthermia.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TRPM8 agonists can be used to treat hyperthermia-induced FSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Moriyama
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hiroshi Moriyama,
| | - Sadahiro Nomura
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Epilepsy Center, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hirochika Imoto
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Epilepsy Center, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Oka
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Maruta
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Naomasa Mori
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Natsumi Fujii
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Michiyasu Suzuki
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ishihara
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
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12
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Liskiewicz D, Zhang Q, Barthem C, Jastroch M, Liskiewicz A, Khajavi N, Grandl G, Coupland C, Kleinert M, Garcia-Caceres C, Novikoff A, Maity G, Boehm U, Tschöp M, Müller T. Neuronal loss of TRPM8 leads to obesity and glucose intolerance in male mice. Mol Metab 2023; 72:101714. [PMID: 36966947 PMCID: PMC10106965 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mice with global deletion of the transient receptor potential channel melastatin family member 8 (TRPM8) are obese, and treatment of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice with TRPM8 agonists decrease body weight. Whether TRPM8 signaling regulates energy metabolism via central or peripheral effects is unknow. Here we assessed the metabolic phenotype of mice with either Nestin Cre-mediated neuronal loss of TRPM8, or with deletion of TRPM8 in Advillin Cre positive sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). METHODS Nestin Cre- and Advillin Cre-Trpm8 knock-out (KO) mice were metabolically phenotyped under chronic exposure to either chow or high-fat diet (HFD), followed by assessment of energy and glucose metabolism. RESULTS At room temperature, chow-fed neuronal Trpm8 KO are obese and show decreased energy expenditure when acutely treated with the TRPM8 selective agonist icilin. But body weight of neuronal Trpm8 KO mice is indistinguishable from wildtype controls at thermoneutrality, or when mice are chronically exposed to HFD-feeding. In contrast to previous studies, we show that the TRPM8 agonist icilin has no direct effect on brown adipocytes, but that icilin stimulates energy expenditure, at least in part, via neuronal TRPM8 signaling. We further show that lack of TRPM8 in sensory neurons of the PNS does not lead to a metabolically relevant phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that obesity in TRPM8-deficient mice is centrally mediated and likely originates from alterations in energy expenditure and/or thermal conductance, but does not depend on TRPM8 signaling in brown adipocytes or sensory neurons of the PVN.
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13
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Reimúndez A, Fernández-Peña C, Ordás P, Hernández-Ortego P, Gallego R, Morenilla-Palao C, Navarro J, Martín-Cora F, Pardo-Vázquez JL, Schwarz LA, Arce V, Viana F, Señarís R. The cold-sensing ion channel TRPM8 regulates central and peripheral clockwork and the circadian oscillations of body temperature. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13896. [PMID: 36251565 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Physiological functions in mammals show circadian oscillations, synchronized by daily cycles of light and temperature. Central and peripheral clocks participate in this regulation. Since the ion channel TRPM8 is a critical cold sensor, we investigated its role in circadian function. METHODS We used TRPM8 reporter mouse lines and TRPM8-deficient mice. mRNA levels were determined by in situ hybridization or RT-qPCR and protein levels by immunofluorescence. A telemetry system was used to measure core body temperature (Tc). RESULTS TRPM8 is expressed in the retina, specifically in cholinergic amacrine interneurons and in a subset of melanopsin-positive ganglion cells which project to the central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. TRPM8-positive fibres were also found innervating choroid and ciliary body vasculature, with a putative function in intraocular temperature, as shown in TRPM8-deficient mice. Interestingly, Trpm8-/- animals displayed increased expression of the clock gene Per2 and vasopressin (AVP) in the SCN, suggesting a regulatory role of TRPM8 on the central oscillator. Since SCN AVP neurons control body temperature, we studied Tc in driven and free-running conditions. TRPM8-deficiency increased the amplitude of Tc oscillations and, under dim constant light, induced a greater phase delay and instability of Tc rhythmicity. Finally, TRPM8-positive fibres innervate peripheral organs, like liver and white adipose tissue. Notably, Trpm8-/- mice displayed a dysregulated expression of Per2 mRNA in these metabolic tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings support a function of TRPM8 as a temperature sensor involved in the regulation of central and peripheral clocks and the circadian control of Tc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Reimúndez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Fernández-Peña
- Institute of Neuroscience. UMH-CSIC, Alicante, Spain.,St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | - Rosalía Gallego
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Juan Navarro
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Martín-Cora
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Luís Pardo-Vázquez
- Department Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, CICA, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Victor Arce
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Félix Viana
- Institute of Neuroscience. UMH-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosa Señarís
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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14
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Mishra SK, Gaddameedhi S. A new role of TRPM8 in circadian rhythm and molecular clock. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13934. [PMID: 36636860 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, Raleigh, USA
| | - Shobhan Gaddameedhi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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15
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Fernández-Peña C, Reimúndez A, Viana F, Arce VM, Señarís R. Sex differences in thermoregulation in mammals: Implications for energy homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1093376. [PMID: 36967809 PMCID: PMC10030879 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1093376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal homeostasis is a fundamental process in mammals, which allows the maintenance of a constant internal body temperature to ensure an efficient function of cells despite changes in ambient temperature. Increasing evidence has revealed the great impact of thermoregulation on energy homeostasis. Homeothermy requires a fine regulation of food intake, heat production, conservation and dissipation and energy expenditure. A great interest on this field of research has re-emerged following the discovery of thermogenic brown adipose tissue and browning of white fat in adult humans, with a potential clinical relevance on obesity and metabolic comorbidities. However, most of our knowledge comes from male animal models or men, which introduces unwanted biases on the findings. In this review, we discuss how differences in sex-dependent characteristics (anthropometry, body composition, hormonal regulation, and other sexual factors) influence numerous aspects of thermal regulation, which impact on energy homeostasis. Individuals of both sexes should be used in the experimental paradigms, considering the ovarian cycles and sexual hormonal regulation as influential factors in these studies. Only by collecting data in both sexes on molecular, functional, and clinical aspects, we will be able to establish in a rigorous way the real impact of thermoregulation on energy homeostasis, opening new avenues in the understanding and treatment of obesity and metabolic associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfonso Reimúndez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Félix Viana
- Institute of Neuroscience, University Miguel Hernández (UMH)-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
| | - Victor M. Arce
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Rosa Señarís, ; Victor M. Arce,
| | - Rosa Señarís
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Rosa Señarís, ; Victor M. Arce,
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16
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Zhang Z, Kang L, Yan X, Leng Z, Fang K, Chen T, Xu M. Global Trends and Hotspots of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 Research from 2002 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis. J Pain Res 2022; 15:3881-3892. [DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s393582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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17
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Horikawa R, Oe Y, Fujii R, Kasuga R, Yoshimura R, Miyata S. Effects of peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide on chronic sickness responses in TRPM8-deficient mice. Neurosci Lett 2022; 790:136895. [PMID: 36191793 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a cold-sensing thermoreceptor cation channel; however, its functional role in endotoxin-induced neuroinflammation remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated chronic sickness responses in TRPM8 knockout (KO) mice during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. The intraperitoneal administration of 5 mg/kg LPS generated longer-lasting hypothermia in TRPM8 KO mice than in wild-type (WT) mice. TRPM8 KO mice also exhibited longer-lasting declines in locomotor activity, body weight, and food and water intakes than WT mice upon LPS administration. In addition, LPS-induced decreases in the numbers of leucocytes and lymphocytes that persisted for a longer time in TRPM8 KO mice than in WT mice. The present results indicate TRPM8 attenuated chronic sickness responses in endotoxin-induced sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ririka Horikawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuzuki Oe
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Rena Fujii
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Rika Kasuga
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Seiji Miyata
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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18
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Herrera-García A, Pérez-Mendoza M, Arellanes-Licea EDC, Gasca-Martínez D, Carmona-Castro A, Díaz-Muñoz M, Miranda-Anaya M. Obesity in male volcano mice Neotomodon alstoni affects the daily rhythm of metabolism and thermoregulation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:963804. [PMID: 35990356 PMCID: PMC9386375 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.963804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse N. alstoni spontaneously develops the condition of obesity in captivity when fed regular chow. We aim to study the differences in metabolic performance and thermoregulation between adult lean and obese male mice. The experimental approach included indirect calorimetry using metabolic cages for VO2 intake and VCO2 production. In contrast, the body temperature was measured and analyzed using intraperitoneal data loggers. It was correlated with the relative presence of UCP1 protein and its gene expression from interscapular adipose tissue (iBAT). We also explored in this tissue the relative presence of Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) protein, the rate-limiting enzyme for catecholamine biosynthesis present in iBAT. Results indicate that obese mice show a daily rhythm persists in estimated parameters but with differences in amplitude and profile. Obese mice presented lower body temperature, and a low caloric expenditure, together with lower VO2 intake and VCO2 than lean mice. Also, obese mice present a reduced thermoregulatory response after a cold pulse. Results are correlated with a low relative presence of TH and UCP1 protein. However, qPCR analysis of Ucp1 presents an increase in gene expression in iBAT. Histology showed a reduced amount of brown adipocytes in BAT. The aforementioned indicates that the daily rhythm in aerobic metabolism, thermoregulation, and body temperature control have reduced amplitude in obese mice Neotomodon alstoni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Herrera-García
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico.,Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Moisés Pérez-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Elvira Del Carmen Arellanes-Licea
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Deisy Gasca-Martínez
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Agustín Carmona-Castro
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Manuel Miranda-Anaya
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
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19
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Lewis CM, Griffith TN. The mechanisms of cold encoding. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 75:102571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Xu M, Li C, Yang J, Ye A, Yan L, Yeoh BS, Shi L, Kim YS, Kang J, Vijay-Kumar M, Xiong N. Activation of CD81 + skin ILC2s by cold-sensing TRPM8 + neuron-derived signals maintains cutaneous thermal homeostasis. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabe0584. [PMID: 35714201 PMCID: PMC9327500 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As the outermost barrier tissue of the body, the skin harbors a large number of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) that help maintain local homeostasis in the face of changing environments. How skin-resident ILCs are regulated and function in local homeostatic maintenance is poorly understood. We here report the discovery of a cold-sensing neuron-initiated pathway that activates skin group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) to help maintain thermal homeostasis. In stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) knockout mice whose skin is defective in heat maintenance, chronic cold stress induced excessive activation of CCR10-CD81+ST2+ skin ILC2s and associated inflammation. Mechanistically, stimulation of the cold-sensing receptor TRPM8 expressed in sensory neurons of the skin led to increased production of IL-18, which, in turn, activated skin ILC2s to promote thermogenesis. Our findings reveal a neuroimmune link that regulates activation of skin ILC2s to support thermal homeostasis and promotes skin inflammation after hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA,Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China
Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Amy Ye
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Liping Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of
Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Lai Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yu Shin Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial surgery, University
of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio,
TX 78229
| | - Joonsoo Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts
Medical School, Albert Sherman Center Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of
Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA,Department of Medicine-Division of Dermatology and
Cutaneous Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San
Antonio, TX 78229, USA,Correspondence to N.X.
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21
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Voronova IP, Khramova GM, Evtushenko AA, Kozyreva TV. Effect of Skin Ion Channel TRPM8 Activation by Cold and Menthol on Thermoregulation and the Expression of Genes of Thermosensitive TRP Ion Channels in the Hypothalamus of Hypertensive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116088. [PMID: 35682765 PMCID: PMC9181123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ISIAH (inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension) rats are characterized by high blood pressure and decreased Trpm8 gene expression in the anterior hypothalamus. Thermosensitive ion channel TRPM8 plays a critical role in the transduction of moderately cold stimuli that give rise to cool sensations. In normotensive animals, the activation of skin TRPM8 is known to induce changes in gene expression in the hypothalamus and induce alterations of thermoregulatory responses. In this work, in hypertensive rats, we studied the effects of activation of the peripheral TRPM8 by cooling and by application of a 1% menthol suspension on (1) the maintenance of body temperature balance and (2) mRNA expression of thermosensitive TRP ion channels in the hypothalamus. In these hypertensive animals, (1) pharmacological activation of peripheral TRPM8 did not affect the thermoregulatory parameters either under thermoneutral conditions or during cold exposure; (2) the expression of Trpm8 in the anterior hypothalamus approximately doubled (to the level of normotensive animals) under the influence of (a) slow cooling and (b) at pharmacological activation of the peripheral TRPM8 ion channel. The latter fact seems the quite important because it allows the proposal of a tool for correcting at least some parameters that distinguish a hypertensive state from the normotensive one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina P. Voronova
- Department of Thermophysiology, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.M.K.); (A.A.E.); (T.V.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-383-333-6380
| | - Galina M. Khramova
- Department of Thermophysiology, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.M.K.); (A.A.E.); (T.V.K.)
| | - Anna A. Evtushenko
- Department of Thermophysiology, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.M.K.); (A.A.E.); (T.V.K.)
| | - Tamara V. Kozyreva
- Department of Thermophysiology, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.M.K.); (A.A.E.); (T.V.K.)
- Department of Physiology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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22
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AMTB, a TRPM8 antagonist, suppresses growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma through repressing the TGFβ signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:288. [PMID: 35361751 PMCID: PMC8971393 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04744-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since its first identification in prostate cancers and prostate tissues, transient receptor potential melastatin-subfamily member 8 (TRPM8) is subsequently found to be overexpressed in a wide range of cancers and is shown to be implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Here, we used N-(3-aminopropyl)-2-[(3-methylphenyl) methoxy] -N-(2-thienylmethyl) benzamide hydrochloride (AMTB), a specific TRPM8 antagonist, to explore its antitumoral effect on osteosarcoma. We find that AMTB suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation, metastasis and induces cellular apoptosis. Xenograft model in nude mice experiments also define that AMTB can increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin, the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic regimens in treating osteosarcoma. Molecularly, AMTB specifically antagonizes TRPM8 which is upregulated in osteosarcoma and its expression level in osteosarcoma tissues is negatively related to patients’ prognosis. Finally, RNA sequencing analysis was performed to explore the mechanism underlying the antitumoral effect of AMTB on osteosarcoma cells and the results prove that AMTB suppresses the Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway. Our study provides evidence that TRPM8 could be a potential therapeutic target and AMTB can suppress growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through repressing the TGFβ signaling pathway and increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin.
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23
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Reeh PW, Fischer MJM. Nobel somatosensations and pain. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:405-420. [PMID: 35157132 PMCID: PMC8924131 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Nobel prices 2021 for Physiology and Medicine have been awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian "for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch", TRPV1 and PIEZO1/2. The present review tells the past history of the capsaicin receptor, covers further selected TRP channels, TRPA1 in particular, and deals with mechanosensitivity in general and mechanical hyperalgesia in particular. Other achievements of the laureates and translational aspects of their work are shortly treated.
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24
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Role of TRPM8 in cold avoidance behaviors and brain activation during innocuous and nocuous cold stimuli. Physiol Behav 2022; 248:113729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Thapa D, Barrett B, Argunhan F, Brain SD. Influence of Cold-TRP Receptors on Cold-Influenced Behaviour. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010042. [PMID: 35056099 PMCID: PMC8781072 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, TRPA1 and TRPM8, are thermo-receptors that detect cold and cool temperatures and play pivotal roles in mediating the cold-induced vascular response. In this study, we investigated the role of TRPA1 and TRPM8 in the thermoregulatory behavioural responses to environmental cold exposure by measuring core body temperature and locomotor activity using a telemetry device that was surgically implanted in mice. The core body temperature of mice that were cooled at 4 °C over 3 h was increased and this was accompanied by an increase in UCP-1 and TRPM8 level as detected by Western blot. We then established an effective route, by which the TRP antagonists could be administered orally with palatable food. This avoids the physical restraint of mice, which is crucial as that could influence the behavioural results. Using selective pharmacological antagonists A967079 and AMTB for TRPA1 and TRPM8 receptors, respectively, we show that TRPM8, but not TRPA1, plays a direct role in thermoregulation response to whole body cold exposure in the mouse. Additionally, we provide evidence of increased TRPM8 levels after cold exposure which could be a protective response to increase core body temperature to counter cold.
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26
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Tournissac M, Leclerc M, Valentin-Escalera J, Vandal M, Bosoi CR, Planel E, Calon F. Metabolic determinants of Alzheimer's disease: A focus on thermoregulation. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101462. [PMID: 34534683 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex age-related neurodegenerative disease, associated with central and peripheral metabolic anomalies, such as impaired glucose utilization and insulin resistance. These observations led to a considerable interest not only in lifestyle-related interventions, but also in repurposing insulin and other anti-diabetic drugs to prevent or treat dementia. Body temperature is the oldest known metabolic readout and mechanisms underlying its maintenance fail in the elderly, when the incidence of AD rises. This raises the possibility that an age-associated thermoregulatory deficit contributes to energy failure underlying AD pathogenesis. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a central role in thermogenesis and maintenance of body temperature. In recent years, the modulation of BAT activity has been increasingly demonstrated to regulate energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization, which could also provide benefits for AD. Here, we review the evidence linking thermoregulation, BAT and insulin-related metabolic defects with AD, and we propose mechanisms through which correcting thermoregulatory impairments could slow the progression and delay the onset of AD.
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Thapa D, Valente JDS, Barrett B, Smith MJ, Argunhan F, Lee SY, Nikitochkina S, Kodji X, Brain SD. Dysfunctional TRPM8 signalling in the vascular response to environmental cold in ageing. eLife 2021; 10:70153. [PMID: 34726597 PMCID: PMC8592571 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is associated with increased vulnerability to environmental cold exposure. Previously, we identified the role of the cold-sensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) A1, M8 receptors as vascular cold sensors in mouse skin. We hypothesised that this dynamic cold-sensor system may become dysfunctional in ageing. We show that behavioural and vascular responses to skin local environmental cooling are impaired with even moderate ageing, with reduced TRPM8 gene/protein expression especially. Pharmacological blockade of the residual TRPA1/TRPM8 component substantially diminished the response in aged, compared with young mice. This implies the reliance of the already reduced cold-induced vascular response in ageing mice on remaining TRP receptor activity. Moreover, sympathetic-induced vasoconstriction was reduced with downregulation of the α2c adrenoceptor expression in ageing. The cold-induced vascular response is important for sensing cold and retaining body heat and health. These findings reveal that cold sensors, essential for this neurovascular pathway, decline as ageing onsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibesh Thapa
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joäo de Sousa Valente
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brentton Barrett
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew John Smith
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fulye Argunhan
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sheng Y Lee
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sofya Nikitochkina
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xenia Kodji
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Skin Research Institute, Agency of Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Susan D Brain
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Shiraki C, Horikawa R, Oe Y, Fujimoto M, Okamoto K, Kurganov E, Miyata S. Role of TRPM8 in switching between fever and hypothermia in adult mice during endotoxin-induced inflammation. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 16:100291. [PMID: 34589786 PMCID: PMC8474285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) functions in the sensing of noxious and innocuous colds; however, its significance in pathogen-induced thermoregulation remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of TRPM8 in the regulation of endotoxin-induced body temperature control. The peripheral administration of low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 50 μg/kg generated fever in wild-type (WT) mice, whereas it caused hypothermia in TRPM8 knockout (KO) animals. LPS-induced sickness responses such as decrease in body weight, and food and water intake were not different between WT and TRPM8 KO mice. TRPM8 KO mice exhibited more severe hypothermia and lower locomotor activity following the peripheral administration of high-dose LPS at 5 mg/kg compared with WT ones. An intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of either LPS at 3.6 μg/kg or interleukin-1β at 400 ng/kg elicited hypothermia in TRPM8 KO mice, in contrast to fever in WT animals. The peripheral administration of zymosan at 3 mg/kg also induced hypothermia in contrast to fever in WT mice. An i.c.v. injection of prostaglandin E2 at 16 or 160 nmol/kg induced normal fever in both WT and TRPM8 KO mice. Infrared thermography showed significant decline of the interscapular skin temperature that estimates temperature of the brown adipose tissue, regardless of no alteration of its temperature in WT animals. Fos immunohistochemistry showed stronger Fos activation of hypothalamic thermoregulation-associated nuclei in TRPM8 KO mice compared with WT animals following the peripheral administration of low-dose LPS. Therefore, the present study indicates that TRPM8 is necessary for switching between fever and hypothermia during endotoxin-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinatsu Shiraki
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ririka Horikawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuzuki Oe
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Momoka Fujimoto
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kaho Okamoto
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Erkin Kurganov
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Seiji Miyata
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
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Advances in TRP channel drug discovery: from target validation to clinical studies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 21:41-59. [PMID: 34526696 PMCID: PMC8442523 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are multifunctional signalling molecules with many roles in sensory perception and cellular physiology. Therefore, it is not surprising that TRP channels have been implicated in numerous diseases, including hereditary disorders caused by defects in genes encoding TRP channels (TRP channelopathies). Most TRP channels are located at the cell surface, which makes them generally accessible drug targets. Early drug discovery efforts to target TRP channels focused on pain, but as our knowledge of TRP channels and their role in health and disease has grown, these efforts have expanded into new clinical indications, ranging from respiratory disorders through neurological and psychiatric diseases to diabetes and cancer. In this Review, we discuss recent findings in TRP channel structural biology that can affect both drug development and clinical indications. We also discuss the clinical promise of novel TRP channel modulators, aimed at both established and emerging targets. Last, we address the challenges that these compounds may face in clinical practice, including the need for carefully targeted approaches to minimize potential side-effects due to the multifunctional roles of TRP channels.
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Evidence for opposing selective forces operating on human-specific duplicated TCAF genes in Neanderthals and humans. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5118. [PMID: 34433829 PMCID: PMC8387397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TRP channel-associated factor 1/2 (TCAF1/TCAF2) proteins antagonistically regulate the cold-sensor protein TRPM8 in multiple human tissues. Understanding their significance has been complicated given the locus spans a gap-ridden region with complex segmental duplications in GRCh38. Using long-read sequencing, we sequence-resolve the locus, annotate full-length TCAF models in primate genomes, and show substantial human-specific TCAF copy number variation. We identify two human super haplogroups, H4 and H5, and establish that TCAF duplications originated ~1.7 million years ago but diversified only in Homo sapiens by recurrent structural mutations. Conversely, in all archaic-hominin samples the fixation for a specific H4 haplotype without duplication is likely due to positive selection. Here, our results of TCAF copy number expansion, selection signals in hominins, and differential TCAF2 expression between haplogroups and high TCAF2 and TRPM8 expression in liver and prostate in modern-day humans imply TCAF diversification among hominins potentially in response to cold or dietary adaptations. Duplications of gene segments can allow novel physiological adaptations to evolve. A detailed analysis of the TCAF gene family in primates and archaic humans suggest rapid duplication and diversification in this gene family is associated with cold or dietary adaptations.
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Diminished Cold Avoidance Behaviours after Chronic Cold Exposure - Potential Involvement of TRPM8. Neuroscience 2021; 469:17-30. [PMID: 34139303 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ambient temperature changes trigger plastic biological responses. Cold temperature is detected by the somatosensory system and evokes perception of cold together with adaptive physiological responses. We addressed whether chronic cold exposure induces adaptive adjustments of (1) thermosensory behaviours, and (2) the principle molecular cold sensor in the transduction machinery, transient receptor potential melastatin subtype 8 (TRPM8). Mice in two groups were exposed to either cold (6 °C) or thermoneutral (27 °C) ambient temperatures for 4 weeks and subjected to thermosensory behavioural testing. Cold group mice behaved different from Thermoneutral group in the Thermal Gradient Test: the former occupied a wider temperature range and was less cold avoidant. Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of the TRPM8 agonist icilin, enhanced cold avoidance in both groups in the Thermal Gradient Test, but Cold group mice were significantly less affected by icilin. Primary sensory neuron soma are located in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), and western blotting showed diminished TRPM8 levels in DRGs of Cold group mice, as compared to the Thermoneutral group. We conclude that acclimation to chronic cold altered thermosensory behaviours, so that mice appeared less cold sensitive, and potentially, TRPM8 is involved.
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Lelis Carvalho A, Treyball A, Brooks DJ, Costa S, Neilson RJ, Reagan MR, Bouxsein ML, Motyl KJ. TRPM8 modulates temperature regulation in a sex-dependent manner without affecting cold-induced bone loss. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0231060. [PMID: 34086678 PMCID: PMC8177490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Trpm8 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8) is expressed by sensory neurons and is involved in the detection of environmental cold temperatures. TRPM8 activity triggers an increase in uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1)-dependent brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Bone density and marrow adipose tissue are both influenced by rodent housing temperature and brown adipose tissue, but it is unknown if TRPM8 is involved in the co-regulation of thermogenesis and bone homeostasis. To address this, we examined the bone phenotypes of one-year-old Trpm8 knockout mice (Trpm8-KO) after a 4-week cold temperature challenge. Male Trpm8-KO mice had lower bone mineral density than WT, with smaller bone size (femur length and cross-sectional area) being the most striking finding, and exhibited a delayed cold acclimation with increased BAT expression of Dio2 and Cidea compared to WT. In contrast to males, female Trpm8-KO mice had low vertebral bone microarchitectural parameters, but no genotype-specific alterations in body temperature. Interestingly, Trpm8 was not required for cold-induced trabecular bone loss in either sex, but bone marrow adipose tissue in females was significantly suppressed by Trpm8 deletion. In summary, we identified sex differences in the role of TRPM8 in maintaining body temperature, bone microarchitecture and marrow adipose tissue. Identifying mechanisms through which cold temperature and BAT influence bone could help to ameliorate potential bone side effects of obesity treatments designed to stimulate thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Lelis Carvalho
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States of America
| | - Annika Treyball
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Brooks
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Samantha Costa
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States of America
| | - Ryan J. Neilson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States of America
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States of America
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States of America
| | - Mary L. Bouxsein
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Katherine J. Motyl
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States of America
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States of America
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Abstract
Sweetened beverages are mainly consumed cold and various processes are activated in response to external temperature variations. However, the effect of internal temperature variations through the ingestion of cold beverages is far from clear. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of beverage temperature on body composition. Sprague-Dawley rats (5-6-week-old males) had free access to food and beverage for 8 weeks. Energy intake, body weight and body composition were monitored. In Expt 1, two groups of rats (n 9) consumed water at room temperature (NW about 22°C) or cold (CW about 4°C). In Expt 2, rats were offered room-temperature (N) or cold (C) sweetened water (10 % sucrose CSu (n 7) and NSu (n 8); or 0·05 % acesulfame K CAk (n 6) and NAk (n 8)) for 12 h, followed by plain water. Our results show that in Expt 1, CW had higher lean body mass (P < 0·001) and lower body fat gain (P = 0·004) as compared with NW. In Expt 2, body weight (P = 0·013) and fat (P ≤ 0·001) gains were higher in the non-energetic sweetened groups, while lean body mass was not affected by the type of sweeteners or temperature. In conclusion, cold water ingestion improved lean body mass gain and decreased fat gain because of increased energy expenditure, while non-energetic sweetener (acesulfame K) increased body fat gain due to improved energy efficiency. Internal cold exposure failed to increase energy intake in contrast to that of external cold exposure.
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Sanders OD, Rajagopal JA, Rajagopal L. Menthol to Induce Non-shivering Thermogenesis via TRPM8/PKA Signaling for Treatment of Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:4-11. [PMID: 33071240 PMCID: PMC8017329 DOI: 10.7570/jomes20038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing basal energy expenditure via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent non-shivering thermogenesis is an attractive therapeutic strategy for treatment of obesity. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channel activation by cold and cold mimetics induces UCP1 transcription and prevents obesity in animals, but the clinical relevance of this relationship remains incompletely understood. A review of TRPM8 channel agonism for treatment of obesity focusing on menthol was undertaken. Adipocyte TRPM8 activation results in Ca2+ influx and protein kinase A (PKA) activation, which induces mitochondrial elongation, mitochondrial localization to lipid droplets, lipolysis, β-oxidation, and UCP1 expression. Ca2+-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species activate UCP1. In animals, TRPM8 agonism increases basal metabolic rate, non-shivering thermogenesis, oxygen consumption, exercise endurance, and fatty acid oxidation and decreases abdominal fat percentage. Menthol prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and liver triacylglycerol accumulation. Hypothalamic TRPM8 activation releases glucagon, which activates PKA and promotes catabolism. TRPM8 polymorphisms are associated with obesity. In humans, oral menthol and other TRPM8 agonists have little effect. However, topical menthol appears to increase core body temperature and metabolic rate. A randomized clinical control trial of topical menthol in obese patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lekshmy Rajagopal
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Mumbai, India
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Wu J, Liu D, Li J, Sun J, Huang Y, Zhang S, Gao S, Mei W. Central Neural Circuits Orchestrating Thermogenesis, Sleep-Wakefulness States and General Anesthesia States. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:223-253. [PMID: 33632102 PMCID: PMC9199556 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210225152728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been made in specifically identifying the central neural circuits (CNCs) of the core body temperature (Tcore), sleep-wakefulness states (SWs), and general anesthesia states (GAs), mainly utilizing optogenetic or chemogenetic manipulations. We summarize the neuronal populations and neural pathways of these three CNCs, which gives evidence for the orchestration within these three CNCs, and the integrative regulation of these three CNCs by different environmental light signals. We also outline some transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that function in the CNCs-Tcore and are modulated by some general anesthetics, which makes TRP channels possible targets for addressing the general-anesthetics-induced-hypothermia (GAIH). We suggest this review will provide new orientations for further consummating these CNCs and elucidating the central mechanisms of GAIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Daiqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Jiayan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Shaojie Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Wei Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Ave 1095, Wuhan 430030. China
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Kashio M. Thermosensation involving thermo-TRPs. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 520:111089. [PMID: 33227348 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels constitute a superfamily of large ion channels that are activated by a wide range of chemical, mechanical and thermal stimuli. TRP channels with temperature sensitivity are called thermo-TRPs. They are involved in diverse physiological functions through their detection of external environmental temperature and internal body temperature. Each thermo-TRP has its own characteristic temperature threshold for activation. As a group, they cover temperatures ranging from cold to nociceptive high temperatures. Recently, many studies have identified the functions of thermo-TRPs residing in deep organs where they are exposed to body temperature. Importantly, temperature thresholds of thermo-TRPs can be regulated by physiological factors enabling their function at relatively constant body temperature. Moreover, several thermo-TRPs are reportedly engaged in body temperature regulation. This review will summarize the current understanding of thermo-TRPs, including their roles in thermosensation and functional regulation of physiological responses at body temperature and the regulation of body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Kashio
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
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Makwana K, Chodavarapu H, Morones N, Chi J, Barr W, Novinbakht E, Wang Y, Nguyen PT, Jovanovic P, Cohen P, Riera CE. Sensory neurons expressing calcitonin gene-related peptide α regulate adaptive thermogenesis and diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2021; 45:101161. [PMID: 33412345 PMCID: PMC7820934 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Heat-sensory neurons from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) play a pivotal role in detecting the cutaneous temperature and transmission of external signals to the brain, ensuring the maintenance of thermoregulation. However, whether these thermoreceptor neurons contribute to adaptive thermogenesis remains elusive. It is also unknown whether these neurons play a role in obesity and energy metabolism. Methods We used genetic ablation of heat-sensing neurons expressing calcitonin gene-related peptide α (CGRPα) to assess whole-body energy expenditure, weight gain, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity in normal chow and high-fat diet-fed mice. Exvivo lipolysis and transcriptional characterization were combined with adipose tissue-clearing methods to visualize and probe the role of sensory nerves in adipose tissue. Adaptive thermogenesis was explored using infrared imaging of intrascapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT), tail, and core temperature upon various stimuli including diet, external temperature, and the cooling agent icilin. Results In this report, we show that genetic ablation of heat-sensing CGRPα neurons promotes resistance to weight gain upon high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and increases energy expenditure in mice. Mechanistically, we found that loss of CGRPα-expressing sensory neurons was associated with reduced lipid deposition in adipose tissue, enhanced expression of fatty acid oxidation genes, higher exvivo lipolysis in primary white adipocytes, and increased mitochondrial respiration from iBAT. Remarkably, mice lacking CGRPα sensory neurons manifested increased tail cutaneous vasoconstriction at room temperature. This exacerbated cold perception was not associated with reduced core temperature, suggesting that heat production and heat conservation mechanisms were engaged. Specific denervation of CGRPα neurons in intrascapular BAT did not contribute to the increased metabolic rate observed upon global sensory denervation. Conclusions Taken together, these findings highlight an important role of cutaneous thermoreceptors in regulating energy metabolism by triggering counter-regulatory responses involving energy dissipation processes including lipid fuel utilization and cutaneous vasodilation. Removal of sensory spinal neurons expressing CGRPα mitigates diet-induced obesity. CGRPα afferents antagonize adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. Loss of CGRPα afferents leads to enhanced cold perception and vasoconstriction. Specific adipose denervation of CGRPα afferents does not modulate energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Makwana
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harshita Chodavarapu
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nancy Morones
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jingyi Chi
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Barr
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward Novinbakht
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yidan Wang
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Tuan Nguyen
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Predrag Jovanovic
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Celine E Riera
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors of the Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Skok K, Duh M, Stožer A, Markota A, Gosak M. Thermoregulation: A journey from physiology to computational models and the intensive care unit. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 13:e1513. [PMID: 33251759 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thermoregulation plays a vital role in homeostasis. Many species of animals as well as humans have evolved various physiological mechanisms for body temperature control, which are characteristically flexible and enable a fine-tuned spatial and temporal regulation of body temperature in different environmental conditions and circumstances. Human beings normally maintain a core body temperature at around 37°C, and maintenance of this relatively high temperature is critical for survival. Therefore, principles of thermoregulatory control have also important clinical implications. Infections can cause the body temperature to rise internally and several diseases can cause a dysfunction of thermoregulatory mechanisms. Moreover, the utilization of thermotherapies in treating various diseases has been known for thousands of years with a recent resurgence of interest. An increasing amount of research suggests that targeted temperature management is of paramount importance to patient outcomes in certain clinical scenarios. We provide a concise summary of the basic concepts of thermoregulation. Emphasis is given to the principles of thermoregulation in humans in basic pathological states and to targeted temperature management strategies in the clinical environment, with special attention on therapeutic hypothermia in postcardiac arrest patients. Finally, the discussion is focused on the potential offered by computational thermophysiological models for predicting thermal responses of patients in various clinical circumstances, for proposing new perspectives in the design of novel thermal therapies, and to optimize targeted temperature management strategies. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases>Computational Models Cardiovascular Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases>Environmental Factors Cardiovascular Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases>Biomedical Engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristijan Skok
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital Graz II, Location West, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Duh
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koros̆ka cesta, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andraž Stožer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Markota
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Gosak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koros̆ka cesta, Maribor, Slovenia
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39
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Zhang X. Direct Gα q Gating Is the Sole Mechanism for TRPM8 Inhibition Caused by Bradykinin Receptor Activation. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3672-3683.e4. [PMID: 31216483 PMCID: PMC6595177 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of Gαq-coupled receptors by inflammatory mediators inhibits cold-sensing TRPM8 channels, aggravating pain and inflammation. Both Gαq and the downstream hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2) inhibit TRPM8. Here, I demonstrate that direct Gαq gating is essential for both the basal cold sensitivity of TRPM8 and TRPM8 inhibition elicited by bradykinin in sensory neurons. The action of Gαq depends on binding to three arginine residues in the N terminus of TRPM8. Neutralization of these residues markedly increased sensitivity of the channel to agonist and membrane voltage and completely abolished TRPM8 inhibition by both Gαq and bradykinin while sparing the channel sensitivity to PIP2. Interestingly, the bradykinin receptor B2R also binds to TRPM8, rendering TRPM8 insensitive to PIP2 depletion. Furthermore, TRPM8-Gαq binding impaired Gαq coupling and signaling to PLCβ-PIP2. The crosstalk in the TRPM8-Gαq-B2R complex thus determines Gαq gating rather than PIP2 as a sole means of TRPM8 inhibition by bradykinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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40
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Škop V, Liu N, Guo J, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. The contribution of the mouse tail to thermoregulation is modest. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E438-E446. [PMID: 32691633 PMCID: PMC7473913 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00133.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding mouse thermal physiology informs the usefulness of mice as models of human disease. It is widely assumed that the mouse tail contributes greatly to heat loss (as it does in rat), but this has not been quantitated. We studied C57BL/6J mice after tail amputation. Tailless mice housed at 22°C did not differ from littermate controls in body weight, lean or fat content, or energy expenditure. With acute changes in ambient temperature from 19 to 39°C, tailless and control mice demonstrated similar body temperatures (Tb), metabolic rates, and heat conductances and no difference in thermoneutral point. Treatment with prazosin, an α1-adrenergic antagonist and vasodilator, increased tail temperature in control mice by up to 4.8 ± 0.8°C. Comparing prazosin treatment in tailless and control mice suggested that the tail's contribution to total heat loss was a nonsignificant 3.4%. Major heat stress produced by treatment at 30°C with CL316243, a β3-adrenergic agonist, increased metabolic rate and Tb and, at a matched increase in metabolic rate, the tailless mice showed a 0.72 ± 0.14°C greater Tb increase and 7.6% lower whole body heat conductance. Thus, the mouse tail is a useful biomarker of vasodilation and thermoregulation, but in our experiments contributes only 5-8% of whole body heat dissipation, less than the 17% reported for rat. Heat dissipation through the tail is important under extreme scenarios such as pharmacological activation of brown adipose tissue; however, non-tail contributions to heat loss may have been underestimated in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Škop
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Naili Liu
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Juen Guo
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marc L Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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41
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Wen J, Bo T, Zhang X, Wang Z, Wang D. Thermo-TRPs and gut microbiota are involved in thermogenesis and energy metabolism during low temperature exposure of obese mice. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb218974. [PMID: 32341176 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.218974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ambient temperature and food composition can affect energy metabolism of the host. Thermal transient receptor potential ion channels (thermo-TRPs) can detect temperature signals and are involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and energy homeostasis. Further, the gut microbiota have also been implicated in thermogenesis and obesity. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that thermo-TRPs and gut microbiota are involved in reducing diet-induced obesity (DIO) during low temperature exposure. C57BL/6J mice in obese (body mass gain >45%), lean (body mass gain <15%) and control (body mass gain <1%) groups were exposed to high (23±1°C) or low (4±1°C) ambient temperature for 28 days. Our data showed that low temperature exposure attenuated DIO, but enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Low temperature exposure also resulted in increased noradrenaline (NA) concentrations in the hypothalamus, decreased TRP melastatin 8 (TRPM8) expression in the small intestine, and altered composition and diversity of gut microbiota. In DIO mice, there was a decrease in overall energy intake along with a reduction in TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) expression and an increase in NA concentration in the small intestine. DIO mice also showed increases in Oscillospira, [Ruminococcus], Lactococcus and Christensenella and decreases in Prevotella, Odoribacter and Lactobacillus at the genus level in fecal samples. Together, our data suggest that thermos-TRPs and gut microbiota are involved in thermogenesis and energy metabolism during low temperature exposure in DIO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingbei Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zuoxin Wang
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA
| | - Dehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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42
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Mahú I, Barateiro A, Rial-Pensado E, Martinéz-Sánchez N, Vaz SH, Cal PMSD, Jenkins B, Rodrigues T, Cordeiro C, Costa MF, Mendes R, Seixas E, Pereira MMA, Kubasova N, Gres V, Morris I, Temporão C, Olivares M, Sanz Y, Koulman A, Corzana F, Sebastião AM, López M, Bernardes GJL, Domingos AI. Brain-Sparing Sympathofacilitators Mitigate Obesity without Adverse Cardiovascular Effects. Cell Metab 2020; 31:1120-1135.e7. [PMID: 32402266 PMCID: PMC7671941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Anti-obesity drugs in the amphetamine (AMPH) class act in the brain to reduce appetite and increase locomotion. They are also characterized by adverse cardiovascular effects with origin that, despite absence of any in vivo evidence, is attributed to a direct sympathomimetic action in the heart. Here, we show that the cardiac side effects of AMPH originate from the brain and can be circumvented by PEGylation (PEGyAMPH) to exclude its central action. PEGyAMPH does not enter the brain and facilitates SNS activity via theβ2-adrenoceptor, protecting mice against obesity by increasing lipolysis and thermogenesis, coupled to higher heat dissipation, which acts as an energy sink to increase energy expenditure without altering food intake or locomotor activity. Thus, we provide proof-of-principle for a novel class of exclusively peripheral anti-obesity sympathofacilitators that are devoid of any cardiovascular and brain-related side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Mahú
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Andreia Barateiro
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal; Neuron Glia Biology in Health and Disease, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Eva Rial-Pensado
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15782, Spain
| | - Noelia Martinéz-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Sandra H Vaz
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof., Egas Moniz, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal; Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Pedro M S D Cal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof., Egas Moniz, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Benjamin Jenkins
- NIHR BRC Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust, MRL Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Pathology building Level 4, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof., Egas Moniz, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cordeiro
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Miguel F Costa
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Raquel Mendes
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Elsa Seixas
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Mafalda M A Pereira
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Nadiya Kubasova
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Vitka Gres
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Imogen Morris
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Carolina Temporão
- Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Marta Olivares
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council, Valencia (IATA-CSIC), Catedratico Agustin Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council, Valencia (IATA-CSIC), Catedratico Agustin Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Albert Koulman
- NIHR BRC Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust, MRL Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Pathology building Level 4, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof., Egas Moniz, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal; Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Miguel López
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15782, Spain
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof., Egas Moniz, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Ana I Domingos
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; Obesity Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, IGC, Oeiras, Portugal.
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43
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Škop V, Guo J, Liu N, Xiao C, Hall KD, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Mouse Thermoregulation: Introducing the Concept of the Thermoneutral Point. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107501. [PMID: 32294435 PMCID: PMC7243168 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and mouse thermal physiology differ due to dissimilar body sizes. Unexpectedly, in mice we found no ambient temperature zone where both metabolic rate and body temperature were constant. Body temperature began increasing once cold-induced thermogenesis was no longer required. This result reproduced in male, female, C57BL/6J, 129, chow-fed, diet-induced obese, and ob/ob mice as well as Trpv1-/-;Trpm8-/-;Trpa1-/- mice lacking thermal sensory channels. During the resting-light phase, the energy expenditure minimum spanned ∼4°C of ambient temperature, whereas in the active-dark phase it approximated a point. We propose the concept of a thermoneutral point (TNP), a discrete ambient temperature below which energy expenditure increases and above which body temperature increases. Humans do not have a TNP. As studied, the mouse TNP is ∼29°C in light phase and ∼33°C in dark phase. These observations inform how thermoneutrality is defined and how mice are used to model human energy physiology and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Škop
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juen Guo
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Naili Liu
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin D Hall
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marc L Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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44
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MacDonald DI, Wood JN, Emery EC. Molecular mechanisms of cold pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2020; 7:100044. [PMID: 32090187 PMCID: PMC7025288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The sensation of cooling is essential for survival. Extreme cold is a noxious stimulus that drives protective behaviour and that we thus perceive as pain. However, chronic pain patients suffering from cold allodynia paradoxically experience innocuous cooling as excruciating pain. Peripheral sensory neurons that detect decreasing temperature express numerous cold-sensitive and voltage-gated ion channels that govern their response to cooling in health and disease. In this review, we discuss how these ion channels control the sense of cooling and cold pain under physiological conditions, before focusing on the molecular mechanisms by which ion channels can trigger pathological cold pain. With the ever-rising number of patients burdened by chronic pain, we end by highlighting the pressing need to define the cells and molecules involved in cold allodynia and so identify new, rational drug targets for the analgesic treatment of cold pain.
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45
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Gavva NR, Sandrock R, Arnold GE, Davis M, Lamas E, Lindvay C, Li CM, Smith B, Backonja M, Gabriel K, Vargas G. Reduced TRPM8 expression underpins reduced migraine risk and attenuated cold pain sensation in humans. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19655. [PMID: 31873179 PMCID: PMC6927963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56295-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple genome-wide association studies have identified non-coding single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) near (e.g., rs10166942[C]) or within (rs17862920[T]) the TRPM8 gene that encodes a cold thermosensor is associated with reduced migraine risk. Furthermore, rs10166942[C]) and rs10166942[T]) are more prevalent in populations that reside in hotter and colder climates, respectively. Here we assessed whether these alleles affect TRPM8 expression in humans and human physiologic responses to cold challenge. Here we show that TRPM8 expression is decreased from the chromosome harboring the rs10166942[C] allele in the human dorsal root ganglia. Moreover, carriers of rs10166942[C] required significantly lower temperatures and longer duration of exposure to reach a cold pain threshold (CPTh), which correlated with decreased TRPM8 expression expected in the carriers. This study provides evidence for a genotype-dependent influence on cold pain sensation suggesting that carriers of the reduced migraine risk allele have reduced sensitivity to cold stimuli and that TRPM8 acts as a cold thermosensor and cold pain transducer in humans. Reduced TRPM8 expression and function underpins the migraine protection in carriers of rs10166942[C]; thus, the evaluation of TRPM8 antagonists as migraine therapeutics is warranted. Furthermore, these results provide mechanistic insights for evolutionary positive selection of rs10166942[T] allele in adaptation along latitudinal cline to colder climates.
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46
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Ordás P, Hernández-Ortego P, Vara H, Fernández-Peña C, Reimúndez A, Morenilla-Palao C, Guadaño-Ferraz A, Gomis A, Hoon M, Viana F, Señarís R. Expression of the cold thermoreceptor TRPM8 in rodent brain thermoregulatory circuits. J Comp Neurol 2019; 529:234-256. [PMID: 30942489 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cold- and menthol-activated ion channel transient receptor potential channel subfamily M member 8 (TRPM8) is the principal detector of environmental cold in mammalian sensory nerve endings. Although it is mainly expressed in a subpopulation of peripheral sensory neurons, it has also been identified in non-neuronal tissues. Here, we show, by in situ hybridization (ISH) and by the analysis of transgenic reporter expression in two different reporter mouse strains, that TRPM8 is also expressed in the central nervous system. Although it is present at much lower levels than in peripheral sensory neurons, we found cells expressing TRPM8 in restricted areas of the brain, especially in the hypothalamus, septum, thalamic reticular nucleus, certain cortices and other limbic structures, as well as in some specific nuclei in the brainstem. Interestingly, positive fibers were also found traveling through the major limbic tracts, suggesting a role of TRPM8-expressing central neurons in multiple aspects of thermal regulation, including autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation. Additional ISH experiments in rat brain demonstrated a conserved pattern of expression of this ion channel between rodent species. We confirmed the functional activity of this channel in the mouse brain using electrophysiological patch-clamp recordings of septal neurons. These results open a new window in TRPM8 physiology, guiding further efforts to understand potential roles of this molecular sensor within the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purificación Ordás
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo Hernández-Ortego
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Hugo Vara
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Carlos Fernández-Peña
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Alfonso Reimúndez
- Departmento de Fisiología, CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cruz Morenilla-Palao
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana Guadaño-Ferraz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gomis
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Mark Hoon
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Félix Viana
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosa Señarís
- Departmento de Fisiología, CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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47
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Ota W, Nakane Y, Kashio M, Suzuki Y, Nakamura K, Mori Y, Tominaga M, Yoshimura T. Involvement of TRPM2 and TRPM8 in temperature-dependent masking behavior. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3706. [PMID: 30842533 PMCID: PMC6403366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Masking is a direct behavioral response to environmental changes and plays an important role in the temporal distribution of activity. However, the mechanisms responsible for masking remain unclear. Here we identify thermosensors and a possible neural circuit regulating temperature-dependent masking behavior in mice. Analysis of mice lacking thermosensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (Trpv1/3/4 and Trpm2/8) reveals that temperature-dependent masking is impaired in Trpm2- and Trpm8-null mice. Several brain regions are activated during temperature-dependent masking, including the preoptic area (POA), known as the thermoregulatory center, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is the primary circadian pacemaker, the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), and the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The POA, SCN, PVT are interconnected, and the PVT sends dense projections to the NAc, a key brain region involved in wheel-running activity. Partial chemical lesion of the PVT attenuates masking, suggesting the involvement of the PVT in temperature-dependent masking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ota
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakane
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Makiko Kashio
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Suzuki
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.,Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.,Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshimura
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. .,Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
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48
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The Immunosuppressant Macrolide Tacrolimus Activates Cold-Sensing TRPM8 Channels. J Neurosci 2018; 39:949-969. [PMID: 30545944 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1726-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPM8 is a polymodal, nonselective cation channel activated by cold temperature and cooling agents that plays a critical role in the detection of environmental cold. We found that TRPM8 is a pharmacological target of tacrolimus (FK506), a macrolide immunosuppressant with several clinical uses, including the treatment of organ rejection following transplants, treatment of atopic dermatitis, and dry eye disease. Tacrolimus is an inhibitor of the phosphatase calcineurin, an action shared with cyclosporine. Tacrolimus activates TRPM8 channels in different species, including humans, and sensitizes their response to cold temperature by inducing a leftward shift in the voltage-dependent activation curve. The effects of tacrolimus on purified TRPM8 in lipid bilayers demonstrates conclusively that it has a direct gating effect. Moreover, the lack of effect of cyclosporine rules out the canonical signaling pathway involving the phosphatase calcineurin. Menthol (TRPM8-Y745H)- and icilin (TRPM8-N799A)-insensitive mutants were also activated by tacrolimus, suggesting a different binding site. In cultured mouse DRG neurons, tacrolimus evokes an increase in intracellular calcium almost exclusively in cold-sensitive neurons, and these responses were drastically blunted in Trpm8 KO mice or after the application of TRPM8 antagonists. Cutaneous and corneal cold thermoreceptor endings are also activated by tacrolimus, and tacrolimus solutions trigger blinking and cold-evoked behaviors. Together, our results identify TRPM8 channels in sensory neurons as molecular targets of the immunosuppressant tacrolimus. The actions of tacrolimus on TRPM8 resemble those of menthol but likely involve interactions with other channel residues.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT TRPM8 is a polymodal TRP channel involved in cold temperature sensing, thermoregulation, and cold pain. TRPM8 is also involved in the pathophysiology of dry eye disease, and TRPM8 activation has antiallodynic and antipruritic effects, making it a prime therapeutic target in several cutaneous and neural diseases. We report the direct agonist effect of tacrolimus, a potent natural immunosuppressant with multiple clinical applications, on TRPM8 activity. This interaction represents a novel neuroimmune interface. The identification of a clinically approved drug with agonist activity on TRPM8 channels could be used experimentally to probe the function of TRPM8 in humans. Our findings may explain some of the sensory and anti-inflammatory effects described for this drug in the skin and the eye surface.
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Khare P, Mangal P, Baboota RK, Jagtap S, Kumar V, Singh DP, Boparai RK, Sharma SS, Khardori R, Bhadada SK, Kondepudi KK, Chopra K, Bishnoi M. Involvement of Glucagon in Preventive Effect of Menthol Against High Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1244. [PMID: 30505271 PMCID: PMC6250823 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon mediated mechanisms have been shown to play clinically significant role in energy expenditure. The present study was designed to understand whether pharmacological mimicking of cold using menthol (TRPM8 modulator) can induce glucagon-mediated energy expenditure to prevent weight gain and related complications. Acute oral and topical administration of TRPM8 agonists (menthol and icilin) increased serum glucagon concentration which was prevented by pre-treatment with AMTB, a TRPM8 blocker. Chronic administration of menthol (50 and 100 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks) to HFD fed animals prevented weight gain, insulin resistance, adipose tissue hypertrophy and triacylglycerol deposition in liver. These effects were not restricted to oral administration, but also observed upon the topical application of menthol (10% w/v). The metabolic alterations caused by menthol in liver and adipose tissue mirrored the known effects of glucagon, such as increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, and enhanced thermogenic activity of white and brown adipose tissue. Correlation analysis suggests a strong correlation between glucagon dependent changes and energy expenditure markers. Interestingly, in-vitro treatment of the serum of menthol treated mice increased energy expenditure markers in mature 3T3L1 adipocytes, which was prevented in the presence of non-competitive glucagon receptor antagonist, L-168,049, indicating that menthol-induced increase in serum glucagon is responsible for increase in energy expenditure phenotype. In conclusion, the present work provides evidence that glucagon plays an important role in the preventive effect of menthol against HFD-induced weight gain and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragyanshu Khare
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India.,Department of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Priyanka Mangal
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Ritesh K Baboota
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Sneha Jagtap
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | | | - Ravneet K Boparai
- Department of Biotechnology, Government College for Girls, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shyam S Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Romesh Khardori
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The EVMS Sterling Centre of Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders, Department of Internal Medicine, East Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Sanjay K Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kanthi K Kondepudi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Department of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
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Solinski HJ, Hoon MA. Cells and circuits for thermosensation in mammals. Neurosci Lett 2018; 690:167-170. [PMID: 30355519 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
How is temperature detected and how is the resulting sensory information synthesized to produce appropriate thermosensory responses? Research in the last few years has gone a long way to answering the first part of this question. Excitingly, recent research has uncovered some of the ways sensory inputs are processed spinally, as well as identifying supra-spinal centers involved in processing responses to thermal stimuli. In this review, we explore the new areas of research that have contributed to our comprehension of the way the peripheral sensory neurons are tuned in addition to the receptors used to differentiate thermal stimuli. We also describe recent work which begins to illuminate the processing of primary sensory signals by the spinal cord and regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Jürgen Solinski
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark A Hoon
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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