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Rhymes ER, Simkin RL, Qu J, Villarroel-Campos D, Surana S, Tong Y, Shapiro R, Burgess RW, Yang XL, Schiavo G, Sleigh JN. Boosting BDNF in muscle rescues impaired axonal transport in a mouse model of DI-CMTC peripheral neuropathy. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 195:106501. [PMID: 38583640 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a genetic peripheral neuropathy caused by mutations in many functionally diverse genes. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) enzymes, which transfer amino acids to partner tRNAs for protein synthesis, represent the largest protein family genetically linked to CMT aetiology, suggesting pathomechanistic commonalities. Dominant intermediate CMT type C (DI-CMTC) is caused by YARS1 mutations driving a toxic gain-of-function in the encoded tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), which is mediated by exposure of consensus neomorphic surfaces through conformational changes of the mutant protein. In this study, we first showed that human DI-CMTC-causing TyrRSE196K mis-interacts with the extracellular domain of the BDNF receptor TrkB, an aberrant association we have previously characterised for several mutant glycyl-tRNA synthetases linked to CMT type 2D (CMT2D). We then performed temporal neuromuscular assessments of YarsE196K mice modelling DI-CMT. We determined that YarsE196K homozygotes display a selective, age-dependent impairment in in vivo axonal transport of neurotrophin-containing signalling endosomes, phenocopying CMT2D mice. This impairment is replicated by injection of recombinant TyrRSE196K, but not TyrRSWT, into muscles of wild-type mice. Augmenting BDNF in DI-CMTC muscles, through injection of recombinant protein or muscle-specific gene therapy, resulted in complete axonal transport correction. Therefore, this work identifies a non-cell autonomous pathomechanism common to ARS-related neuropathies, and highlights the potential of boosting BDNF levels in muscles as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena R Rhymes
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rebecca L Simkin
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ji Qu
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - David Villarroel-Campos
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sunaina Surana
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Yao Tong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ryan Shapiro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - James N Sleigh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Rhymes ER, Simkin RL, Qu J, Villarroel-Campos D, Surana S, Tong Y, Shapiro R, Burgess RW, Yang XL, Schiavo G, Sleigh JN. Boosting BDNF in muscle rescues impaired axonal transport in a mouse model of DI-CMTC peripheral neuropathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.04.09.536152. [PMID: 38559020 PMCID: PMC10979848 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.09.536152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a genetic peripheral neuropathy caused by mutations in many functionally diverse genes. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) enzymes, which transfer amino acids to partner tRNAs for protein synthesis, represent the largest protein family genetically linked to CMT aetiology, suggesting pathomechanistic commonalities. Dominant intermediate CMT type C (DI-CMTC) is caused by YARS1 mutations driving a toxic gain-of-function in the encoded tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), which is mediated by exposure of consensus neomorphic surfaces through conformational changes of the mutant protein. In this study, we first showed that human DI-CMTC-causing TyrRSE196K mis-interacts with the extracellular domain of the BDNF receptor TrkB, an aberrant association we have previously characterised for several mutant glycyl-tRNA synthetases linked to CMT type 2D (CMT2D). We then performed temporal neuromuscular assessments of YarsE196K mice modelling DI-CMT. We determined that YarsE196K homozygotes display a selective, age-dependent impairment in in vivo axonal transport of neurotrophin-containing signalling endosomes, phenocopying CMT2D mice. This impairment is replicated by injection of recombinant TyrRSE196K, but not TyrRSWT, into muscles of wild-type mice. Augmenting BDNF in DI-CMTC muscles, through injection of recombinant protein or muscle-specific gene therapy, resulted in complete axonal transport correction. Therefore, this work identifies a non-cell autonomous pathomechanism common to ARS-related neuropathies, and highlights the potential of boosting BDNF levels in muscles as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena R. Rhymes
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rebecca L. Simkin
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ji Qu
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - David Villarroel-Campos
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sunaina Surana
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Yao Tong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ryan Shapiro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - James N. Sleigh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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Guo Y, Xiang P, Sun X, Liu W, Zhou J, Yin B, Hou L, Qiang B, Li H, Shu P, Peng X. Docking protein 6 (DOK6) selectively docks the neurotrophic signaling transduction to restrain peripheral neuropathy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:32. [PMID: 38351062 PMCID: PMC10864363 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The appropriate and specific response of nerve cells to various external cues is essential for the establishment and maintenance of neural circuits, and this process requires the proper recruitment of adaptor molecules to selectively activate downstream pathways. Here, we identified that DOK6, a member of the Dok (downstream of tyrosine kinases) family, is required for the maintenance of peripheral axons, and that loss of Dok6 can cause typical peripheral neuropathy symptoms in mice, manifested as impaired sensory, abnormal posture, paw deformities, blocked nerve conduction, and dysmyelination. Furthermore, Dok6 is highly expressed in peripheral neurons but not in Schwann cells, and genetic deletion of Dok6 in peripheral neurons led to typical peripheral myelin outfolding, axon destruction, and hindered retrograde axonal transport. Specifically, DOK6 acts as an adaptor protein for selectivity-mediated neurotrophic signal transduction and retrograde transport for TrkC and Ret but not for TrkA and TrkB. DOK6 interacts with certain proteins in the trafficking machinery and controls their phosphorylation, including MAP1B, Tau and Dynein for axonal transport, and specifically activates the downstream ERK1/2 kinase pathway to maintain axonal survival and homeostasis. This finding provides new clues to potential insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of hereditary peripheral neuropathies and other degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Xiang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojiao Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafeng Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Boqin Qiang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Huiliang Li
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Pengcheng Shu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, 100005, China.
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Sleigh JN, Villarroel-Campos D, Surana S, Wickenden T, Tong Y, Simkin RL, Vargas JNS, Rhymes ER, Tosolini AP, West SJ, Zhang Q, Yang XL, Schiavo G. Boosting peripheral BDNF rescues impaired in vivo axonal transport in CMT2D mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e157191. [PMID: 36928301 PMCID: PMC10243821 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in the housekeeping gene GARS1, which lead to the expression of toxic versions of glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS), cause the selective motor and sensory pathology characterizing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Aberrant interactions between GlyRS mutants and different proteins, including neurotrophin receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase receptor B (TrkB), underlie CMT type 2D (CMT2D); however, our pathomechanistic understanding of this untreatable peripheral neuropathy remains incomplete. Through intravital imaging of the sciatic nerve, we show that CMT2D mice displayed early and persistent disturbances in axonal transport of neurotrophin-containing signaling endosomes in vivo. We discovered that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/TrkB impairments correlated with transport disruption and overall CMT2D neuropathology and that inhibition of this pathway at the nerve-muscle interface perturbed endosome transport in wild-type axons. Accordingly, supplementation of muscles with BDNF, but not other neurotrophins, completely restored physiological axonal transport in neuropathic mice. Together, these findings suggest that selectively targeting muscles with BDNF-boosting therapies could represent a viable therapeutic strategy for CMT2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N. Sleigh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - David Villarroel-Campos
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
| | - Sunaina Surana
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Tahmina Wickenden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
| | - Yao Tong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Simkin
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
| | - Jose Norberto S. Vargas
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
| | - Elena R. Rhymes
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
| | - Andrew P. Tosolini
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
| | | | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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c-Abl Tyrosine Kinase Is Required for BDNF-Induced Dendritic Branching and Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031944. [PMID: 36768268 PMCID: PMC9916151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induces activation of the TrkB receptor and several downstream pathways (MAPK, PI3K, PLC-γ), leading to neuronal survival, growth, and plasticity. It has been well established that TrkB signaling regulation is required for neurite formation and dendritic arborization, but the specific mechanism is not fully understood. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl is a possible candidate regulator of this process, as it has been implicated in tyrosine kinase receptors' signaling and trafficking, as well as regulation of neuronal morphogenesis. To assess the role of c-Abl in BDNF-induced dendritic arborization, wild-type and c-Abl-KO neurons were stimulated with BDNF, and diverse strategies were employed to probe the function of c-Abl, including the use of pharmacological inhibitors, an allosteric c-Abl activator, and shRNA to downregulates c-Abl expression. Surprisingly, BDNF promoted c-Abl activation and interaction with TrkB receptors. Furthermore, pharmacological c-Abl inhibition and genetic ablation abolished BDNF-induced dendritic arborization and increased the availability of TrkB in the cell membrane. Interestingly, inhibition or genetic ablation of c-Abl had no effect on the classic TrkB downstream pathways. Together, our results suggest that BDNF/TrkB-dependent c-Abl activation is a novel and essential mechanism in TrkB signaling.
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Yap CC, Winckler B. Spatial regulation of endosomes in growing dendrites. Dev Biol 2022; 486:5-14. [PMID: 35306006 PMCID: PMC10646839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Many membrane proteins are highly enriched in either dendrites or axons. This non-uniform distribution is a critical feature of neuronal polarity and underlies neuronal function. The molecular mechanisms responsible for polarized distribution of membrane proteins has been studied for some time and many answers have emerged. A less well studied feature of neurons is that organelles are also frequently non-uniformly distributed. For instance, EEA1-positive early endosomes are somatodendritic whereas synaptic vesicles are axonal. In addition, some organelles are present in both axons and dendrites, but not distributed uniformly along the processes. One well known example are lysosomes which are abundant in the soma and proximal dendrite, but sparse in the distal dendrite and the distal axon. The mechanisms that determine the spatial distribution of organelles along dendrites are only starting to be studied. In this review, we will discuss the cell biological mechanisms of how the distribution of diverse sets of endosomes along the proximal-distal axis of dendrites might be regulated. In particular, we will focus on the regulation of bulk homeostatic mechanisms as opposed to local regulation. We posit that immature dendrites regulate organelle motility differently from mature dendrites in order to spatially organize dendrite growth, branching and sculpting.
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Lie PPY, Yoo L, Goulbourne CN, Berg MJ, Stavrides P, Huo C, Lee JH, Nixon RA. Axonal transport of late endosomes and amphisomes is selectively modulated by local Ca 2+ efflux and disrupted by PSEN1 loss of function. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj5716. [PMID: 35486730 PMCID: PMC9054012 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction and mistrafficking of organelles in autophagy- and endosomal-lysosomal pathways are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we reveal selective vulnerability of maturing degradative organelles (late endosomes/amphisomes) to disease-relevant local calcium dysregulation. These organelles undergo exclusive retrograde transport in axons, with occasional pauses triggered by regulated calcium efflux from agonist-evoked transient receptor potential cation channel mucolipin subfamily member 1 (TRPML1) channels-an effect greatly exaggerated by exogenous agonist mucolipin synthetic agonist 1 (ML-SA1). Deacidification of degradative organelles, as seen after Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) loss of function, induced pathological constitutive "inside-out" TRPML1 hyperactivation, slowing their transport comparably to ML-SA1 and causing accumulation in dystrophic axons. The mechanism involved calcium-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, which hyperphosphorylated dynein intermediate chain (DIC), reducing dynein activity. Blocking TRPML1 activation, JNK activity, or DIC1B serine-80 phosphorylation reversed transport deficits in PSEN1 knockout neurons. Our results, including features demonstrated in Alzheimer-mutant PSEN1 knockin mice, define a mechanism linking dysfunction and mistrafficking in lysosomal pathways to neuritic dystrophy under neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl P. Y. Lie
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Lang Yoo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Chris N. Goulbourne
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Martin J. Berg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Philip Stavrides
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Chunfeng Huo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Ju-Hyun Lee
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ralph A. Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Corresponding author.
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8
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Richards A, Berth SH, Brady S, Morfini G. Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:684762. [PMID: 34234649 PMCID: PMC8255969 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.684762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Much remains unknown about mechanisms sustaining the various stages in the life cycle of neurotropic viruses. An understanding of those mechanisms operating before their replication and propagation could advance the development of effective anti-viral strategies. Here, we review our current knowledge of strategies used by neurotropic viruses to undergo bidirectional movement along axons. We discuss how the invasion strategies used by specific viruses might influence their mode of interaction with selected components of the host’s fast axonal transport (FAT) machinery, including specialized membrane-bounded organelles and microtubule-based motor proteins. As part of this discussion, we provide a critical evaluation of various reported interactions among viral and motor proteins and highlight limitations of some in vitro approaches that led to their identification. Based on a large body of evidence documenting activation of host kinases by neurotropic viruses, and on recent work revealing regulation of FAT through phosphorylation-based mechanisms, we posit a potential role of host kinases on the engagement of viruses in retrograde FAT. Finally, we briefly describe recent evidence linking aberrant activation of kinase pathways to deficits in FAT and neuronal degeneration in the context of human neurodegenerative diseases. Based on these findings, we speculate that neurotoxicity elicited by viral infection may involve deregulation of host kinases involved in the regulation of FAT and other cellular processes sustaining neuronal function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexsia Richards
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Sarah H Berth
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Scott Brady
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gerardo Morfini
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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9
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Kumari A, Kumar C, Wasnik N, Mylavarapu SVS. Dynein light intermediate chains as pivotal determinants of dynein multifunctionality. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:268315. [PMID: 34014309 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal cells, a single cytoplasmic dynein motor mediates microtubule minus-end-directed transport, counterbalancing dozens of plus-end-directed kinesins. The remarkable ability of dynein to interact with a diverse cargo spectrum stems from its tightly regulated recruitment of cargo-specific adaptor proteins, which engage the dynactin complex to make a tripartite processive motor. Adaptor binding is governed by the homologous dynein light intermediate chain subunits LIC1 (DYNC1LI1) and LIC2 (DYNC1LI2), which exist in mutually exclusive dynein complexes that can perform both unique and overlapping functions. The intrinsically disordered and variable C-terminal domains of the LICs are indispensable for engaging a variety of structurally divergent adaptors. Here, we hypothesize that numerous spatiotemporally regulated permutations of posttranslational modifications of the LICs, as well as of the adaptors and cargoes, exponentially expand the spectrum of dynein-adaptor-cargo complexes. We thematically illustrate the possibilities that could generate a vast set of biochemical variations required to support the wide range of dynein functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Kumari
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Chandan Kumar
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Neeraj Wasnik
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Sivaram V S Mylavarapu
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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10
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Pathak A, Clark S, Bronfman FC, Deppmann CD, Carter BD. Long-distance regressive signaling in neural development and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2021; 10:e382. [PMID: 32391977 PMCID: PMC7655682 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nervous system development proceeds via well-orchestrated processes involving a balance between progressive and regressive events including stabilization or elimination of axons, synapses, and even entire neurons. These progressive and regressive events are driven by functionally antagonistic signaling pathways with the dominant pathway eventually determining whether a neural element is retained or removed. Many of these developmental sculpting events are triggered by final target innervation necessitating a long-distance mode of communication. While long-distance progressive signaling has been well characterized, particularly for neurotrophic factors, there remains relatively little known about how regressive events are triggered from a distance. Here we discuss the emergent phenomenon of long-distance regressive signaling pathways. In particular, we will cover (a) progressive and regressive cues known to be employed after target innervation, (b) the mechanisms of long-distance signaling from an endosomal platform, (c) recent evidence that long-distance regressive cues emanate from platforms like death receptors or repulsive axon guidance receptors, and (d) evidence that these pathways are exploited in pathological scenarios. This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles Signaling Pathways > Global Signaling Mechanisms Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Cytoplasmic Localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shayla Clark
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Francisca C. Bronfman
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Departments of Biology, Cell Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bruce D. Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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11
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Vasudevan A, Koushika SP. Molecular mechanisms governing axonal transport: a C. elegans perspective. J Neurogenet 2020; 34:282-297. [PMID: 33030066 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1823385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Axonal transport is integral for maintaining neuronal form and function, and defects in axonal transport have been correlated with several neurological diseases, making it a subject of extensive research over the past several years. The anterograde and retrograde transport machineries are crucial for the delivery and distribution of several cytoskeletal elements, growth factors, organelles and other synaptic cargo. Molecular motors and the neuronal cytoskeleton function as effectors for multiple neuronal processes such as axon outgrowth and synapse formation. This review examines the molecular mechanisms governing axonal transport, specifically highlighting the contribution of studies conducted in C. elegans, which has proved to be a tractable model system in which to identify both novel and conserved regulatory mechanisms of axonal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Vasudevan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Sandhya P Koushika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
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12
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Naito Y, Asada N, Nguyen MD, Sanada K. AMP-activated protein kinase regulates cytoplasmic dynein behavior and contributes to neuronal migration in the developing neocortex. Development 2020; 147:dev187310. [PMID: 32554528 DOI: 10.1242/dev.187310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein contributes to radial migration of newborn pyramidal neurons in the developing neocortex. Here, we show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediates the nucleus-centrosome coupling, a key process for radial neuronal migration that relies on dynein. Depletion of the catalytic subunit of AMPK in migrating neurons impairs this coupling as well as neuronal migration. AMPK shows overlapping subcellular distribution with cytoplasmic dynein and the two proteins interact with each other. Pharmacological inhibition or activation of AMPK modifies the phosphorylation states of dynein intermediate chain (DIC) and dynein functions. Furthermore, AMPK phosphorylates DIC at Ser81. Expression of a phospho-resistant mutant of DIC retards neuronal migration in a similar way to AMPK depletion. Conversely, expression of the phospho-mimetic mutant of DIC alleviates impaired neuronal migration caused by AMPK depletion. Thus, AMPK-regulated dynein function via Ser81 DIC phosphorylation is crucial for radial neuronal migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuki Naito
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Asada
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Minh Dang Nguyen
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology and Anatomy, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N4N1
| | - Kamon Sanada
- Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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13
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Tempes A, Weslawski J, Brzozowska A, Jaworski J. Role of dynein-dynactin complex, kinesins, motor adaptors, and their phosphorylation in dendritogenesis. J Neurochem 2020; 155:10-28. [PMID: 32196676 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the characteristic features of different classes of neurons that is vital for their proper functioning within neuronal networks is the shape of their dendritic arbors. To properly develop dendritic trees, neurons need to accurately control the intracellular transport of various cellular cargo (e.g., mRNA, proteins, and organelles). Microtubules and motor proteins (e.g., dynein and kinesins) that move along microtubule tracks play an essential role in cargo sorting and transport to the most distal ends of neurons. Equally important are motor adaptors, which may affect motor activity and specify cargo that is transported by the motor. Such transport undergoes very dynamic fine-tuning in response to changes in the extracellular environment and synaptic transmission. Such regulation is achieved by the phosphorylation of motors, motor adaptors, and cargo, among other mechanisms. This review focuses on the contribution of the dynein-dynactin complex, kinesins, their adaptors, and the phosphorylation of these proteins in the formation of dendritic trees by maturing neurons. We primarily review the effects of the motor activity of these proteins in dendrites on dendritogenesis. We also discuss less anticipated mechanisms that contribute to dendrite growth, such as dynein-driven axonal transport and non-motor functions of kinesins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tempes
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Weslawski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Jaworski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Fellows AD, Rhymes ER, Gibbs KL, Greensmith L, Schiavo G. IGF1R regulates retrograde axonal transport of signalling endosomes in motor neurons. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49129. [PMID: 32030864 PMCID: PMC7054680 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Signalling endosomes are essential for trafficking of activated ligand-receptor complexes and their distal signalling, ultimately leading to neuronal survival. Although deficits in signalling endosome transport have been linked to neurodegeneration, our understanding of the mechanisms controlling this process remains incomplete. Here, we describe a new modulator of signalling endosome trafficking, the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). We show that IGF1R inhibition increases the velocity of signalling endosomes in motor neuron axons, both in vitro and in vivo. This effect is specific, since IGF1R inhibition does not alter the axonal transport of mitochondria or lysosomes. Our results suggest that this change in trafficking is linked to the dynein adaptor bicaudal D1 (BICD1), as IGF1R inhibition results in an increase in the de novo synthesis of BICD1 in the axon of motor neurons. Finally, we found that IGF1R inhibition can improve the deficits in signalling endosome transport observed in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Taken together, these findings suggest that IGF1R inhibition may be a new therapeutic target for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Fellows
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Elena R Rhymes
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Katherine L Gibbs
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Linda Greensmith
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK.,Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, University College London Campus, London, UK
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15
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SIPA1L2 controls trafficking and local signaling of TrkB-containing amphisomes at presynaptic terminals. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5448. [PMID: 31784514 PMCID: PMC6884526 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphisomes are organelles of the autophagy pathway that result from the fusion of autophagosomes with late endosomes. While biogenesis of autophagosomes and late endosomes occurs continuously at axon terminals, non-degradative roles of autophagy at boutons are barely described. Here, we show that in neurons BDNF/TrkB traffick in amphisomes that signal locally at presynaptic boutons during retrograde transport to the soma. This is orchestrated by the Rap GTPase-activating (RapGAP) protein SIPA1L2, which connects TrkB amphisomes to a dynein motor. The autophagosomal protein LC3 regulates RapGAP activity of SIPA1L2 and controls retrograde trafficking and local signaling of TrkB. Following induction of presynaptic plasticity, amphisomes dissociate from dynein at boutons enabling local signaling and promoting transmitter release. Accordingly, sipa1l2 knockout mice show impaired BDNF-dependent presynaptic plasticity. Taken together, the data suggest that in hippocampal neurons, TrkB-signaling endosomes are in fact amphisomes that during retrograde transport have local signaling capacity in the context of presynaptic plasticity. There is growing evidence that autophagy might serve specialized functions in neurons besides its role in protein homeostasis. In this study, authors demonstrate that axonal retrograde transport of BDNF/TrkB in neuronal amphisomes is involved in plasticity-relevant local signaling at presynaptic boutons and that SIPA1L2, a member of the SIPA1L family of neuronal RapGAPs, associates via LC3b to TrkB-containing amphisomes to regulate its motility and signaling at the axon terminals
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16
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17
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The presence of Y674/Y675 phosphorylated NTRK1 via TP53 repression of PTPN6 expression as a potential prognostic marker in neuroblastoma. Hum Pathol 2018; 86:182-192. [PMID: 30594749 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor TP53 promotes nerve growth factor receptor (NTRK1) -Y674/Y675 phosphorylation (NTRK1-pY674/pY675) via repression of the NTRK1 phosphatase PTPN6 in a ligand-independent manner, resulting in suppression of breast cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, NTRK1-pY674/pY675 together with low levels of PTPN6 and TP53 expression is associated with favorable disease-free survival of breast cancer patients. We determined whether in neuroblastoma this protein expression pattern impacts relapse-free survival (RFS). NTRK1-pY674/pY675, PTPN6, and TP53 expression was assessed in 98 neuroblastoma samples by immunohistochemistry. Association between expression levels and RFS was investigated by multivariate and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Mutant or wild-type TP53 was identified by sequencing tumor DNA. Tumors expressing NTRK1-pY674/pY675 and low or undetectable levels of PTPN6 and TP53 were significantly associated with 5-year RFS (P = .014) when the dataset was stratified by MYCN amplification, segmental chromosomal abnormalities and histology. Similar results were observed with tumors expressing wild-type TP53, NTRK1-pY674/pY675 and low or undetectable levels of PTPN6. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significant correlation (P = .004), with a 50% probability of RFS (median survival 4.73 years) when present compared with 19.51% (median survival 11.63 months) when absent. Similar results were seen with non-amplified MYCN or unfavorable/undifferentiating samples and tumors from patients aged 18 months or less. Importantly, NTRK1-pY674/pY675 is an independent predictor of improved RFS. These results strongly suggest that NTRK1-pY674/pY675 together with wild-type TP53 and undetectable or low levels of PTPN6 expression is a potential biomarker of improved RFS of neuroblastoma patients. The predictive value of NTRK1-pY674/pY675 together with wild-type TP53 and low PTPN6 expression could contribute to neuroblastoma patient prognosis.
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18
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Villarroel-Campos D, Schiavo G, Lazo OM. The many disguises of the signalling endosome. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3615-3632. [PMID: 30176054 PMCID: PMC6282995 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neurons are highly complex and polarised cells that must overcome a series of logistic challenges to maintain homeostasis across their morphological domains. A very clear example is the propagation of neurotrophic signalling from distal axons, where target-released neurotrophins bind to their receptors and initiate signalling, towards the cell body, where nuclear and cytosolic responses are integrated. The mechanisms of propagation of neurotrophic signalling have been extensively studied and, eventually, the model of a 'signalling endosome', transporting activated receptors and associated complexes, has emerged. Nevertheless, the exact nature of this organelle remains elusive. In this Review, we examine the evidence for the retrograde transport of neurotrophins and their receptors in endosomes, outline some of their diverse physiological and pathological roles, and discuss the main interactors, morphological features and trafficking destinations of a highly flexible endosomal signalling organelle with multiple molecular signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Villarroel-Campos
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK.,Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, University College London Campus, UK
| | - Oscar Marcelo Lazo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
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19
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MacGibeny MA, Koyuncu OO, Wirblich C, Schnell MJ, Enquist LW. Retrograde axonal transport of rabies virus is unaffected by interferon treatment but blocked by emetine locally in axons. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007188. [PMID: 30028873 PMCID: PMC6070286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinvasive viruses, such as alpha herpesviruses (αHV) and rabies virus (RABV), initially infect peripheral tissues, followed by invasion of the innervating axon termini. Virus particles must undergo long distance retrograde axonal transport to reach the neuron cell bodies in the peripheral or central nervous system (PNS/CNS). How virus particles hijack the axonal transport machinery and how PNS axons respond to and regulate infection are questions of significant interest. To track individual virus particles, we constructed a recombinant RABV expressing a P-mCherry fusion protein, derived from the virulent CVS-N2c strain. We studied retrograde RABV transport in the presence or absence of interferons (IFN) or protein synthesis inhibitors, both of which were reported previously to restrict axonal transport of αHV particles. Using neurons from rodent superior cervical ganglia grown in tri-chambers, we showed that axonal exposure to type I or type II IFN did not alter retrograde axonal transport of RABV. However, exposure of axons to emetine, a translation elongation inhibitor, blocked axonal RABV transport by a mechanism that was not dependent on protein synthesis inhibition. The minority of RABV particles that still moved retrograde in axons in the presence of emetine, moved with slower velocities and traveled shorter distances. Emetine’s effect was specific to RABV, as transport of cellular vesicles was unchanged. These findings extend our understanding of how neuroinvasion is regulated in axons and point toward a role for emetine as an inhibitory modulator of RABV axonal transport. Rabies virus (RABV) and alpha herpesviruses (αHV) (e.g. herpes simplex virus) evolved to enter the nervous system efficiently each time they infect a host. In most mammals, RABV reaches the brain, causing a fatal encephalitis. Whereas, αHV remain in the peripheral nervous system in a quiescent but reactivatable state. Despite distinct clinical outcomes, both RABV and αHV must invade axons and repurpose the axon transport machinery to travel long distances toward the neuronal cell bodies where virus replication occurs. How virus particles hijack the transport machinery and how axons respond to and regulate infection are questions of significant interest. We investigated how axonal RABV transport is regulated by exposing axons to interferons or protein synthesis inhibitors, both of which restrict transport of αHV particles. Unlike αHV infection, exposure of isolated axons to interferons has no effect on RABV neuroinvasion. However, RABV transport is blocked by axonal exposure to the translation elongation inhibitor, emetine, via a mechanism that does not depend on protein synthesis inhibition. The effect of emetine is not due to a global inhibition of axon transport because emetine does not limit axonal transport of cellular vesicles. Therefore, emetine may be a novel inhibitory modulator of RABV axonal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. MacGibeny
- Department of Molecular Biology and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Orkide O. Koyuncu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Christoph Wirblich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Matthias J. Schnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lynn W. Enquist
- Department of Molecular Biology and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Lie PPY, Nixon RA. Lysosome trafficking and signaling in health and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 122:94-105. [PMID: 29859318 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes, single-membrane organelles defined by a uniquely strong acidic lumenal pH and high content of acid hydrolases, are the shared degradative compartments of the endocytic and autophagic pathways. These pathways, and especially lysosomes, are points of particular vulnerability in many neurodegenerative diseases. Beyond the role of lysosomes in substrate degradation, new findings have ascribed to lysosomes the leading role in sensing and responding to cellular nutrients, growth factors and cellular stress. This review aims to integrate recent concepts of basic lysosome biology and pathobiology as a basis for understanding neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the newly recognized signaling functions of lysosomes and specific aspects of lysosome biology in neurons while re-visiting the classical defining criteria for lysosomes and the importance of preserving strict definitions. Our discussion emphasizes dynein-mediated axonal transport of maturing degradative organelles, with further consideration of their roles in synaptic function. We finally examine how distinctive underlying disturbances of lysosomes in various neurodegenerative diseases result in unique patterns of auto/endolysosomal mistrafficking. The rapidly emerging understanding of lysosomal trafficking and disruptions in lysosome signaling is providing valuable clues to new targets for disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl P Y Lie
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Ralph A Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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21
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Inhibiting p38 MAPK alpha rescues axonal retrograde transport defects in a mouse model of ALS. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:596. [PMID: 29789529 PMCID: PMC5964181 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Defects in axonal transport have been observed pre-symptomatically in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, and have been proposed to play a role in motor neuron degeneration as well as in other pathologies of the nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease and hereditary neuropathies. In this study, we screen a library of small-molecule kinase inhibitors towards the identification of pharmacological enhancers of the axonal retrograde transport of signalling endosomes, which might be used to normalise the rate of this process in diseased neurons. Inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) were identified in this screen and were found to correct deficits in axonal retrograde transport of signalling endosomes in cultured primary SOD1G93A motor neurons. In vitro knockdown experiments revealed that the alpha isoform of p38 MAPK (p38 MAPKα) was the sole isoform responsible for SOD1G93A-induced transport deficits. Furthermore, we found that acute treatment with p38 MAPKα inhibitors restored the physiological rate of axonal retrograde transport in vivo in early symptomatic SOD1G93A mice. Our findings demonstrate the pathogenic effect of p38 MAPKα on axonal retrograde transport and identify a potential therapeutic strategy for ALS.
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22
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Abstract
Myosin motors power movements on actin filaments, whereas dynein and kinesin motors power movements on microtubules. The mechanisms of these motor proteins differ, but, in all cases, ATP hydrolysis and subsequent release of the hydrolysis products drives a cycle of interactions with the track (either an actin filament or a microtubule), resulting in force generation and directed movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee Sweeney
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and the Myology Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0267
| | - Erika L F Holzbaur
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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23
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Marshall J, Zhou XZ, Chen G, Yang SQ, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang ZQ, Jiang Q, Birnbaumer L, Cao C. Antidepression action of BDNF requires and is mimicked by Gαi1/3 expression in the hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E3549-E3558. [PMID: 29507199 PMCID: PMC5899481 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1722493115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-related alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, a neurotrophin that plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, are believed to contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. Here, we show that in a chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression the Gαi1 and Gαi3 subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins are down-regulated in the hippocampus, a key limbic structure associated with major depressive disorder. We provide evidence that Gαi1 and Gαi3 (Gαi1/3) are required for the activation of TrkB downstream signaling pathways. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and CNS neurons, Gαi1/3 knockdown inhibited BDNF-induced tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) endocytosis, adaptor protein activation, and Akt-mTORC1 and Erk-MAPK signaling. Functional studies show that Gαi1 and Gαi3 knockdown decreases the number of dendrites and dendritic spines in hippocampal neurons. In vivo, hippocampal Gαi1/3 knockdown after bilateral microinjection of lentiviral constructs containing Gαi1 and Gαi3 shRNA elicited depressive behaviors. Critically, exogenous expression of Gαi3 in the hippocampus reversed depressive behaviors in CMS mice. Similar results were observed in Gαi1/Gαi3 double-knockout mice, which exhibited severe depressive behaviors. These results demonstrate that heterotrimeric Gαi1 and Gαi3 proteins are essential for TrkB signaling and that disruption of Gαi1 or Gαi3 function could contribute to depressive behaviors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
- Dendrites/metabolism
- Dendrites/pathology
- Dendritic Spines/metabolism
- Dendritic Spines/pathology
- Depression/metabolism
- Depression/pathology
- Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism
- Depressive Disorder, Major/pathology
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2/biosynthesis
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/biosynthesis
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neurons/metabolism
- Neurons/pathology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- John Marshall
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912;
| | - Xiao-Zhong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu, China
| | - Su-Qing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Ya Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709;
- School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, Catholic University of Argentina, C1107AAZ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cong Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China;
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
- North District, The Municipal Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou 215001, China
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24
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Scott-Solomon E, Kuruvilla R. Mechanisms of neurotrophin trafficking via Trk receptors. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 91:25-33. [PMID: 29596897 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In neurons, long-distance communication between axon terminals and cell bodies is a critical determinant in establishing and maintaining neural circuits. Neurotrophins are soluble factors secreted by post-synaptic target tissues that retrogradely control axon and dendrite growth, survival, and synaptogenesis of innervating neurons. Neurotrophins bind Trk receptor tyrosine kinases in axon terminals to promote endocytosis of ligand-bound phosphorylated receptors into signaling endosomes. Trk-harboring endosomes function locally in axons to acutely promote growth events, and can also be retrogradely transported long-distances to remote cell bodies and dendrites to stimulate cytoplasmic and transcriptional signaling necessary for neuron survival, morphogenesis, and maturation. Neuronal responsiveness to target-derived neurotrophins also requires the precise axonal targeting of newly synthesized Trk receptors. Recent studies suggest that anterograde delivery of Trk receptors is regulated by retrograde neurotrophin signaling. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the functions and mechanisms of retrograde trafficking of Trk signaling endosomes, and highlight recent discoveries on the forward trafficking of nascent receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Scott-Solomon
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, 227 Mudd Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Rejji Kuruvilla
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, 227 Mudd Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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25
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Konicek BW, Capen AR, Credille KM, Ebert PJ, Falcon BL, Heady GL, Patel BKR, Peek VL, Stephens JR, Stewart JA, Stout SL, Timm DE, Um SL, Willard MD, Wulur IH, Zeng Y, Wang Y, Walgren RA, Betty Yan SC. Merestinib (LY2801653) inhibits neurotrophic receptor kinase (NTRK) and suppresses growth of NTRK fusion bearing tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13796-13806. [PMID: 29568395 PMCID: PMC5862616 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Merestinib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting a limited number of oncokinases including MET, AXL, RON and MKNK1/2. Here, we report that merestinib inhibits neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinases NTRK1/2/3 which are oncogenic drivers in tumors bearing NTRK fusion resulting from chromosomal rearrangements. Merestinib is shown to be a type II NTRK1 kinase inhibitor as determined by x-ray crystallography. In KM-12 cells harboring TPM3-NTRK1 fusion, merestinib exhibits potent p-NTRK1 inhibition in vitro by western blot and elicits an anti-proliferative response in two- and three-dimensional growth. Merestinib treatment demonstrated profound tumor growth inhibition in in vivo cancer models harboring either a TPM3-NTRK1 or an ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion. To recapitulate resistance observed from type I NTRK kinase inhibitors entrectinib and larotrectinib, we generated NIH-3T3 cells exogenously expressing TPM3-NTRK1 wild-type, or acquired mutations G595R and G667C in vitro and in vivo. Merestinib blocks tumor growth of both wild-type and mutant G667C TPM3-NTRK1 expressing NIH-3T3 cell-derived tumors. These preclinical data support the clinical evaluation of merestinib, a type II NTRK kinase inhibitor (NCT02920996), both in treatment naïve patients and in patients progressed on type I NTRK kinase inhibitors with acquired secondary G667C mutation in NTRK fusion bearing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce W Konicek
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Andrew R Capen
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Kelly M Credille
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Philip J Ebert
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Beverly L Falcon
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Gary L Heady
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Bharvin K R Patel
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Victoria L Peek
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Jennifer R Stephens
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Julie A Stewart
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Stephanie L Stout
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - David E Timm
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Suzane L Um
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Melinda D Willard
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Isabella H Wulur
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Yi Zeng
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Richard A Walgren
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Sau-Chi Betty Yan
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
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26
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Prion protein inhibits fast axonal transport through a mechanism involving casein kinase 2. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188340. [PMID: 29261664 PMCID: PMC5737884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases include a number of progressive neuropathies involving conformational changes in cellular prion protein (PrPc) that may be fatal sporadic, familial or infectious. Pathological evidence indicated that neurons affected in prion diseases follow a dying-back pattern of degeneration. However, specific cellular processes affected by PrPc that explain such a pattern have not yet been identified. Results from cell biological and pharmacological experiments in isolated squid axoplasm and primary cultured neurons reveal inhibition of fast axonal transport (FAT) as a novel toxic effect elicited by PrPc. Pharmacological, biochemical and cell biological experiments further indicate this toxic effect involves casein kinase 2 (CK2) activation, providing a molecular basis for the toxic effect of PrPc on FAT. CK2 was found to phosphorylate and inhibit light chain subunits of the major motor protein conventional kinesin. Collectively, these findings suggest CK2 as a novel therapeutic target to prevent the gradual loss of neuronal connectivity that characterizes prion diseases.
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27
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Zahavi EE, Maimon R, Perlson E. Spatial-specific functions in retrograde neuronal signalling. Traffic 2017; 18:415-424. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Erez Zahavi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Roy Maimon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Eran Perlson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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28
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Abstract
In the last few years, exciting properties have emerged regarding the activation, signaling, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic targeting of the two types of neurotrophin receptors: the p75NTR with its intracellular and extracellular peptides, the Trks, their precursors and their complexes. This review summarizes these new developments, with particular focus on neurodegenerative diseases. Based on the evolving knowledge, innovative concepts have been formulated regarding the pathogenesis of these diseases, especially the Alzheimer's and two other, the Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. The medical progresses include original procedures of diagnosis, started from studies in mice and now investigated for human application, based on innovative classes of receptor agonists and blockers. In parallel, comprehensive studies have been and are being carried out for the development of drugs. The relevance of these studies is based on the limitations of the therapies employed until recently, especially for the treatment of Alzheimer's patients. Starting from well known drugs, previously employed for non-neurodegenerative diseases, the ongoing progress has lead to the development of small molecules that cross rapidly the blood-brain barrier. Among these molecules the most promising are specific blockers of the p75NTR receptor. Additional drugs, that activate Trk receptors, were shown effective against synaptic loss and memory deficits. In the near future such approaches, coordinated with treatments with monoclonal antibodies and with developments in the microRNA field, are expected to improve the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, and may be relevant also for other human disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Meldolesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Scientific Institute San Raffaele, via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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29
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Kononenko NL, Claßen GA, Kuijpers M, Puchkov D, Maritzen T, Tempes A, Malik AR, Skalecka A, Bera S, Jaworski J, Haucke V. Retrograde transport of TrkB-containing autophagosomes via the adaptor AP-2 mediates neuronal complexity and prevents neurodegeneration. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14819. [PMID: 28387218 PMCID: PMC5385568 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagosomes primarily mediate turnover of cytoplasmic proteins or organelles to provide nutrients and eliminate damaged proteins. In neurons, autophagosomes form in distal axons and are trafficked retrogradely to fuse with lysosomes in the soma. Although defective neuronal autophagy is associated with neurodegeneration, the function of neuronal autophagosomes remains incompletely understood. We show that in neurons, autophagosomes promote neuronal complexity and prevent neurodegeneration in vivo via retrograde transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-activated TrkB receptors. p150Glued/dynactin-dependent transport of TrkB-containing autophagosomes requires their association with the endocytic adaptor AP-2, an essential protein complex previously thought to function exclusively in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. These data highlight a novel non-canonical function of AP-2 in retrograde transport of BDNF/TrkB-containing autophagosomes in neurons and reveal a causative link between autophagy and BDNF/TrkB signalling. The endocytic adaptor protein complex AP-2 is mostly known for its role in endocytosis and in synaptic vesicle reformation. Here the authors show that AP-2 also mediates retrograde transport of TrkB-containing autophagosomes in neurons; this process promotes neuronal complexity and prevents the degeneration of cortical and thalamic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Kononenko
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Gala A Claßen
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marijn Kuijpers
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Maritzen
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Tempes
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna R Malik
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Skalecka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sujoy Bera
- CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacek Jaworski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Freie Universität Berlin, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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30
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Liu JJ. Regulation of dynein-dynactin-driven vesicular transport. Traffic 2017; 18:336-347. [PMID: 28248450 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Most of the long-range intracellular movements of vesicles, organelles and other cargoes are driven by microtubule (MT)-based molecular motors. Cytoplasmic dynein, a multisubunit protein complex, with the aid of dynactin, drives transport of a wide variety of cargoes towards the minus end of MTs. In this article, I review our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying spatiotemporal regulation of dynein-dynactin-driven vesicular transport with a special emphasis on the many steps of directional movement along MT tracks. These include the recruitment of dynein to MT plus ends, the activation and processivity of dynein, and cargo recognition and release by the motor complex at the target membrane. Furthermore, I summarize the most recent findings about the fine control mechanisms for intracellular transport via the interaction between the dynein-dynactin motor complex and its vesicular cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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Dynein Binding of Competitive Regulators Dynactin and NudE Involves Novel Interplay between Phosphorylation Site and Disordered Spliced Linkers. Structure 2017; 25:421-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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32
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Barford K, Deppmann C, Winckler B. The neurotrophin receptor signaling endosome: Where trafficking meets signaling. Dev Neurobiol 2017; 77:405-418. [PMID: 27503831 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are the largest cells in the body and form subcellular compartments such as axons and dendrites. During both development and adulthood building blocks must be continually trafficked long distances to maintain the different regions of the neuron. Beyond building blocks, signaling complexes are also transported, allowing for example, axons to communicate with the soma. The critical roles of signaling via ligand-receptor complexes is perhaps best illustrated in the context of development, where they are known to regulate polarization, survival, axon outgrowth, dendrite development, and synapse formation. However, knowing 'when' and 'how much' signaling is occurring does not provide the complete story. The location of signaling has a significant impact on the functional outcomes. There are therefore complex and functionally important trafficking mechanisms in place to control the precise spatial and temporal aspects of many signal transduction events. In turn, many of these signaling events affect trafficking mechanisms, setting up an intricate connection between trafficking and signaling. In this review we will use neurotrophin receptors, specifically TrkA and TrkB, to illustrate the cell biology underlying the links between trafficking and signaling. Briefly, we will discuss the concepts of how trafficking and signaling are intimately linked for functional and diverse signaling outputs, and how the same protein can play different roles for the same receptor depending on its localization. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 419-437, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Barford
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908
| | - Christopher Deppmann
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Physical Life Sciences Building (PLSB), 90 Geldard Drive, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903
| | - Bettina Winckler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908
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33
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Carlos AJ, Tong L, Prieto GA, Cotman CW. IL-1β impairs retrograde flow of BDNF signaling by attenuating endosome trafficking. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:29. [PMID: 28153028 PMCID: PMC5290618 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pro-inflammatory cytokines accumulate in the brain with age and Alzheimer’s disease and can impair neuron health and cognitive function. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key neurotrophin that supports neuron health, function, and synaptic plasticity. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) impairs BDNF signaling but whether it affects BDNF signaling endosome trafficking has not been studied. Methods This study uses an in vitro approach in primary hippocampal neurons to evaluate the effect of IL-1β on BDNF signaling endosome trafficking. Neurons were cultured in microfluidic chambers that separate the environments of the cell body and its axon terminal, enabling us to specifically treat in axon compartments and trace vesicle trafficking in real-time. Results We found that IL-1β attenuates BDNF signaling endosomes throughout networks in cultures. In IL-1β-treated cells, overall BDNF endosomal density was decreased, and the colocalization of BDNF endosomes with presynaptic terminals was found to be more than two times higher than in control cultures. Selective IL-1β treatment to the presynaptic compartment in microfluidic chamber attenuated BDNF endosome flux, as measured by reduced BDNF-GFP endosome counts in the somal compartment. Further, IL-1β decreased the BDNF-induced phosphorylation of Erk5, a known BDNF retrograde trafficking target. Mechanistically, the deficiency in trafficking was not due to impaired endocytosis of the BDNF-TrkB complex, or impaired transport rate, since BDNF endosomes traveled at the same rate in both control and IL-1β treatment groups. Among the regulators of presynaptic endosome sorting is the post-translational modification, ubiquitination. In support of this possibility, the IL-1β-mediated suppression of BDNF-induced Erk5 phosphorylation can be rescued by exogenous ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), a deubiquitinating enzyme that regulates ubiquitin and endosomal trafficking. Conclusions We observed a state of neurotrophic resistance whereby, in the prolonged presence of IL-1β, BDNF is not effective in delivering long-distance signaling via the retrograde transport of signaling endosomes. Since IL-1β accumulation is an invariant feature across many neurodegenerative diseases, our study suggest that compromised BDNF retrograde transport-dependent signaling may have important implications in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Carlos
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Liqi Tong
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - G Aleph Prieto
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Carl W Cotman
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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34
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Neisch AL, Neufeld TP, Hays TS. A STRIPAK complex mediates axonal transport of autophagosomes and dense core vesicles through PP2A regulation. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:441-461. [PMID: 28100687 PMCID: PMC5294782 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201606082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays an essential role in the cellular homeostasis of neurons, facilitating the clearance of cellular debris. This clearance process is orchestrated through the assembly, transport, and fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes for degradation. The motor protein dynein drives autophagosome motility from distal sites of assembly to sites of lysosomal fusion. In this study, we identify the scaffold protein CKA (connector of kinase to AP-1) as essential for autophagosome transport in neurons. Together with other core components of the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex, we show that CKA associates with dynein and directly binds Atg8a, an autophagosomal protein. CKA is a regulatory subunit of PP2A, a component of the STRIPAK complex. We propose that the STRIPAK complex modulates dynein activity. Consistent with this hypothesis, we provide evidence that CKA facilitates axonal transport of dense core vesicles and autophagosomes in a PP2A-dependent fashion. In addition, CKA-deficient flies exhibit PP2A-dependent motor coordination defects. CKA function within the STRIPAK complex is crucial to prevent transport defects that may contribute to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Neisch
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Thomas P Neufeld
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Thomas S Hays
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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35
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Kosako H, Motani K. Global Identification of ERK Substrates by Phosphoproteomics Based on IMAC and 2D-DIGE. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1487:137-149. [PMID: 27924564 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6424-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) regulates various cellular functions through phosphorylation of numerous downstream substrates, which have not yet been fully characterized. To date, several phosphoproteomic approaches have been employed to identify novel substrates for ERK. In this chapter, we describe a method to globally identify ERK substrates by combining immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) followed by mass spectrometry. Phosphoprotein enrichment by IMAC enables the subsequent detection of many protein spots with different fluorescence intensities between ERK-inhibited and -activated cells in 2D-DIGE analysis. Furthermore, the advanced sensitivity and resolution of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry allow for a direct identification of proteins obtained from silver-stained 2D-DIGE gels. Validation experiments such as Phos-tag Western blotting are important steps to further elucidate the functional roles of ERK-mediated phosphorylation of these newly identified substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Kou Motani
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
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36
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Charlier CM, Debaisieux S, Foret C, Thouard A, Schiavo G, Gonzalez-Dunia D, Malnou CE. Neuronal retrograde transport of Borna disease virus occurs in signalling endosomes. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:3215-3224. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. Charlier
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Solène Debaisieux
- Molecular Neuropathobiology Laboratory, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Foret
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Thouard
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Molecular Neuropathobiology Laboratory, Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Dunia
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile E. Malnou
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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37
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Shaikh SS, Chen YC, Halsall SA, Nahorski MS, Omoto K, Young GT, Phelan A, Woods CG. A Comprehensive Functional Analysis of NTRK1 Missense Mutations Causing Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IV (HSAN IV). Hum Mutat 2016; 38:55-63. [PMID: 27676246 PMCID: PMC5299464 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN IV) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a complete lack of pain perception and anhidrosis. Here, we studied a cohort of seven patients with HSAN IV and describe a comprehensive functional analysis of seven novel NTRK1 missense mutations, c.1550G >A, c.1565G >A, c.1970T >C, c.2096T >C, c.2254T >A, c.2288G >C, and c.2311C >T, corresponding to p.G517E, p.G522E, p.L657P, p.I699T, p.C752S, p.C763S, and p.R771C, all of which were predicted pathogenic by in silico analysis. The results allowed us to assess the pathogenicity of each mutation and to gain novel insights into tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA) downstream signaling. Each mutation was systematically analyzed for TRKA glycosylation states, intracellular and cell membrane expression patterns, nerve growth factor stimulated TRKA autophosphorylation, TRKA-Y496 phosphorylation, PLCγ activity, and neurite outgrowth. We showed a diverse range of functional effects: one mutation appeared fully functional, another had partial activity in all assays, one mutation affected only the PLCγ pathway and four mutations were proved null in all assays. Thus, we conclude that complete abolition of TRKA kinase activity is not the only pathogenic mechanism underlying HSAN IV. By corollary, the assessment of the clinical pathogenicity of HSAN IV mutations is more complex than initially predicted and requires a multifaceted approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiha S Shaikh
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Ya-Chun Chen
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | | | - Michael S Nahorski
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Kiyoyuki Omoto
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Ltd, Great Abington, UK
| | - Gareth T Young
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Ltd, Great Abington, UK
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Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Retrograde Motoneuronal Axonal Transport in an SBMA Mouse Model. eNeuro 2016; 3:eN-NWR-0062-16. [PMID: 27517091 PMCID: PMC4978821 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0062-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in axonal transport are seen in motoneuronal diseases, but how that impairment comes about is not well understood. In spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a disorder linked to a CAG/polyglutamine repeat expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) gene, the disease-causing AR disrupts axonal transport by acting in both a cell-autonomous fashion in the motoneurons themselves, and in a non-cell-autonomous fashion in muscle. The non-cell-autonomous mechanism is suggested by data from a unique “myogenic” transgenic (TG) mouse model in which an AR transgene expressed exclusively in skeletal muscle fibers triggers an androgen-dependent SBMA phenotype, including defects in retrograde transport. However, motoneurons in this TG model retain the endogenous AR gene, leaving open the possibility that impairments in transport in this model also depend on ARs in the motoneurons themselves. To test whether non-cell-autonomous mechanisms alone can perturb retrograde transport, we generated male TG mice in which the endogenous AR allele has the testicular feminization mutation (Tfm) and, consequently, is nonfunctional. Males carrying the Tfm allele alone show no deficits in motor function or axonal transport, with or without testosterone treatment. However, when Tfm males carrying the myogenic transgene (Tfm/TG) are treated with testosterone, they develop impaired motor function and defects in retrograde transport, having fewer retrogradely labeled motoneurons and deficits in endosomal flux based on time-lapse video microscopy of living axons. These findings demonstrate that non-cell-autonomous disease mechanisms originating in muscle are sufficient to induce defects in retrograde transport in motoneurons.
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Liu ZD, Zhang S, Hao JJ, Xie TR, Kang JS. Cellular model of neuronal atrophy induced by DYNC1I1 deficiency reveals protective roles of RAS-RAF-MEK signaling. Protein Cell 2016; 7:638-50. [PMID: 27510948 PMCID: PMC5003791 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-016-0301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal atrophy is a common pathological feature occurred in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. A variety of abnormalities including motor protein malfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to the loss of neuronal architecture; however, less is known about the intracellular signaling pathways that can protect against or delay this pathogenic process. Here, we show that the DYNC1I1 deficiency, a neuron-specific dynein intermediate chain, causes neuronal atrophy in primary hippocampal neurons. With this cellular model, we are able to find that activation of RAS-RAF-MEK signaling protects against neuronal atrophy induced by DYNC1I1 deficiency, which relies on MEK-dependent autophagy in neuron. Moreover, we further reveal that BRAF also protects against neuronal atrophy induced by mitochondrial impairment. These findings demonstrate protective roles of the RAS-RAF-MEK axis against neuronal atrophy, and imply a new therapeutic target for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200231, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian-Jin Hao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Tao-Rong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Kang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200231, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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40
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Yamashita N, Kuruvilla R. Neurotrophin signaling endosomes: biogenesis, regulation, and functions. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2016; 39:139-45. [PMID: 27327126 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the nervous system, communication between neurons and their post-synaptic target cells is critical for the formation, refinement and maintenance of functional neuronal connections. Diffusible signals secreted by target tissues, exemplified by the family of neurotrophins, impinge on nerve terminals to influence diverse developmental events including neuronal survival and axonal growth. Key mechanisms of action of target-derived neurotrophins include the cell biological processes of endocytosis and retrograde trafficking of their Trk receptors from growth cones to cell bodies. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying this endosome-mediated signaling, focusing on the instructive role of neurotrophin signaling itself in directing its own trafficking. Recent studies have linked impaired neurotrophin trafficking to neurodevelopmental disorders, highlighting the relevance of neurotrophin endosomes in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, 224 Mudd Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Rejji Kuruvilla
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, 224 Mudd Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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41
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Gonzalez A, Moya-Alvarado G, Gonzalez-Billaut C, Bronfman FC. Cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating neuronal growth by brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2016; 73:612-628. [PMID: 27223597 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptors TrkB and p75 regulate dendritic and axonal growth during development and maintenance of the mature nervous system; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. In recent years, several advances have shed new light on the processes behind the regulation of BDNF-mediated structural plasticity including control of neuronal transcription, local translation of proteins, and regulation of cytoskeleton and membrane dynamics. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the field of BDNF signaling in neurons to induce neuronal growth. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Gonzalez
- MINREB and Center for Ageing and Regeneration (CARE UC), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Moya-Alvarado
- MINREB and Center for Ageing and Regeneration (CARE UC), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Gonzalez-Billaut
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile and Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca C Bronfman
- MINREB and Center for Ageing and Regeneration (CARE UC), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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42
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Gibbs KL, Greensmith L, Schiavo G. Regulation of Axonal Transport by Protein Kinases. Trends Biochem Sci 2016; 40:597-610. [PMID: 26410600 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular transport of organelles, proteins, lipids, and RNA along the axon is essential for neuronal function and survival. This process, called axonal transport, is mediated by two classes of ATP-dependent motors, kinesins, and cytoplasmic dynein, which carry their cargoes along microtubule tracks. Protein kinases regulate axonal transport through direct phosphorylation of motors, adapter proteins, and cargoes, and indirectly through modification of the microtubule network. The misregulation of axonal transport by protein kinases has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several nervous system disorders. Here, we review the role of protein kinases acting directly on axonal transport and discuss how their deregulation affects neuronal function, paving the way for the exploitation of these enzymes as novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Gibbs
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Linda Greensmith
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3BG London, UK.
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43
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Kalirin is required for BDNF-TrkB stimulated neurite outgrowth and branching. Neuropharmacology 2016; 107:227-238. [PMID: 27036892 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), acting through TrkB, is known to promote neurite formation and branching. This response to BDNF was eliminated by inhibition of TrkB kinase and by specific inhibition of the GEF1 domain of Kalirin, which activates Rac1. Neurons from Kalrn knockout mice were unable to activate Rac1 in response to BDNF. BDNF-triggered neurite outgrowth was abolished when Kalrn expression was reduced using shRNA that targets all of the major Kalrn isoforms, and reduced in neurons from Kalrn knockout mice. The Kalrn isoforms expressed early in development also include a GEF2 domain that activates RhoA. However, BDNF-stimulated neurite outgrowth in Kalrn knockout neurons was rescued by expression of Kalirin-7, which includes only the GEF1 domain but lacks the GEF2 domain. Dendritic morphogenesis, which requires spatially restricted, coordinated changes in the actin cytoskeleton and in the organization of microtubules, involves essential contributions from multiple Rho GEFs. Since Tiam1, another Rho GEF, is also required for BDNF-stimulated neurite outgrowth, an inhibitory fragment of Tiam1 (PHn-CC-EX) was tested and found to interfere with both Kalirin and Tiam1 GEF activity. The prolonged TrkB activation observed in response to BDNF in Kalrn knockout neurons and the altered time course and extent of ERK, CREB and Akt activation observed in the absence of Kalrn would be expected to alter the response of these neurons to other regulatory factors.
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44
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Xing L, Larsen RS, Bjorklund GR, Li X, Wu Y, Philpot BD, Snider WD, Newbern JM. Layer specific and general requirements for ERK/MAPK signaling in the developing neocortex. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26848828 PMCID: PMC4758957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant signaling through the Raf/MEK/ERK (ERK/MAPK) pathway causes pathology in a family of neurodevelopmental disorders known as 'RASopathies' and is implicated in autism pathogenesis. Here, we have determined the functions of ERK/MAPK signaling in developing neocortical excitatory neurons. Our data reveal a critical requirement for ERK/MAPK signaling in the morphological development and survival of large Ctip2+ neurons in layer 5. Loss of Map2k1/2 (Mek1/2) led to deficits in corticospinal tract formation and subsequent corticospinal neuron apoptosis. ERK/MAPK hyperactivation also led to reduced corticospinal axon elongation, but was associated with enhanced arborization. ERK/MAPK signaling was dispensable for axonal outgrowth of layer 2/3 callosal neurons. However, Map2k1/2 deletion led to reduced expression of Arc and enhanced intrinsic excitability in both layers 2/3 and 5, in addition to imbalanced synaptic excitation and inhibition. These data demonstrate selective requirements for ERK/MAPK signaling in layer 5 circuit development and general effects on cortical pyramidal neuron excitability. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11123.001 In the nervous system, cells called neurons form networks that relay information in the form of electrical signals around the brain and the rest of the body. Typically, an electrical signal travels from branch-like structures at one end of the cell, through the cell body and then along a long fiber called an axon to reach junctions with another neurons. The connections between neurons start to form as the nervous system develops in the embryo, and any errors or delays in this process can cause severe neurological disorders and intellectual disabilities. For example, genetic mutations affecting a communication system within cells known as the ERK/MAPK pathway can lead to a family of syndromes called the “RASopathies”. Abnormalities in this pathway may also contribute to certain types of autism. However, it is not clear how alterations to the ERK/MAPK pathway cause these conditions. Xing et al. investigated whether ERK/MAPK signaling regulates the formation of connections between neurons and the activity of neurons in mouse brains. The experiments showed that the growth of axons that extend from an area of the brain called the cerebral cortex towards the spinal cord are particularly sensitive to changes in the level of signaling through the ERK/MAPK pathway. On the other hand, inhibiting the pathway has relatively little effect on the growth of axons within the cerebral cortex. Further experiments showed that many neurons in the cerebral cortex require the ERK/MAPK pathway to activate genes that alter neuronal activity and the strength of the connections between neurons. Xing et al.’s findings suggest that defects in the connections between the cerebral cortex and different regions of the nervous system may contribute to the symptoms observed in patients with conditions linked to alterations in ERK/MAPK activity. Future studies will focus on understanding the molecular mechanisms by which ERK/MAPK pathway influences the organization and activity of neuron circuits during the development of the nervous system. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11123.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xing
- University of North Carolina Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Rylan S Larsen
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Xiaoyan Li
- University of North Carolina Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Yaohong Wu
- University of North Carolina Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Benjamin D Philpot
- University of North Carolina Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.,Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - William D Snider
- University of North Carolina Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States.,Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Jason M Newbern
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
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45
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Özdemir A, Machida K, Imataka H, Catling AD. Identification of the T-complex protein as a binding partner for newly synthesized cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain 2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 469:126-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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Ross MW, Mitchell DJ, Cain JC, Blasier KR, Pfister KK. Live cell imaging of cytoplasmic dynein movement in transfected embryonic rat neurons. Methods Cell Biol 2015; 131:253-67. [PMID: 26794518 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Live cell imaging of the movement of various membrane-bounded organelle cargos has enhanced our understanding of their function. Eukaryotic cells utilize microtubules and two classes of microtubule-based motor proteins, cytoplasmic dynein and members of the kinesin family, to deliver a variety of membrane-bounded organelles and other cargos to their appropriate locations. In order to better understand the functions and regulation of cytoplasmic dynein, we developed a method to study its location and motility in living cells. The technique takes advantage of the long thin axons of cultured hippocampal neurons. We use calcium phosphate to transfect fluorescent-tagged dynein intermediate chain (IC) subunits (DYNC1I) into cultured neurons. When the ICs are expressed at low levels, they are effective probes for the location of the cytoplasmic dynein complex in axons when living cells are imaged with fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescent subunit probes can be used to identify specific cargos of dynein complexes with different IC isoforms as well as the kinetic properties of cytoplasmic dynein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell W Ross
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - David J Mitchell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - John C Cain
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kiev R Blasier
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - K Kevin Pfister
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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47
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Shi W, Wang F, Gao M, Yang Y, Du Z, Wang C, Yao Y, He K, Chen X, Hao A. ZDHHC17 promotes axon outgrowth by regulating TrkA-tubulin complex formation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 68:194-202. [PMID: 26232532 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct axonal growth during nervous system development is critical for synaptic transduction and nervous system function. Proper axon outgrowth relies on a suitable growing environment and the expression of a series of endogenous neuronal factors. However, the mechanisms of these neuronal proteins involved in neuronal development remain unknown. ZDHHC17 is a member of the DHHC (Asp-His-His-Cys)-containing family, a family of highly homologous proteins. Here, we show that loss of function of ZDHHC17 in zebrafish leads to motor dysfunction in 3-day post-fertilization (dpf) larvae. We performed immunolabeling analysis to reveal that mobility dysfunction was due to a significant defect in the axonal outgrowth of spinal motor neurons (SMNs) without affecting neuron generation. In addition, we found a similar phenotype in zdhhc17 siRNA-treated neural stem cells (NSCs) and PC12 cells. Inhibition of zdhhc17 limited neurite outgrowth and branching in both NSCs and PC12. Furthermore, we discovered that the level of phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, a major downstream effector of tyrosine kinase (TrkA), was largely upregulated in ZDHHC17 overexpressing PC12 cells by a mechanism independent on its palmitoyltransferase (PAT) activity. Specifically, ZDHHC17 is necessary for proper TrkA-tubulin module formation in PC12 cells. These results strongly indicate that ZDHHC17 is essential for correct axon outgrowth in vivo and in vitro. Our findings identify ZDHHC17 as an important upstream factor of ERK1/2 to regulate the interaction between TrkA and tubulin during neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Fen Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Ming Gao
- Reproductive Medical Center of Shandong University, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Zhaoxia Du
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Kun He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Xueran Chen
- Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China.
| | - Aijun Hao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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48
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Dykes SS, Friday E, Pruitt K, Cardelli JA. The histone deacetylase inhibitor cambinol prevents acidic pH e-induced anterograde lysosome trafficking independently of sirtuin activity. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 3:83-93. [PMID: 29124170 PMCID: PMC5668693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Common features of the solid tumor microenvironment, such as acidic extracellular pH and growth factors, are known to induce the redistribution of lysosomes from a perinuclear region to a position near the plasma membrane. Lysosome/plasma membrane juxtaposition facilitates invasion by allowing for the release of lysosomal proteases, including cathepsin B, which contribute to matrix degradation. In this study we identified the sirtuin 1/sirtuin 2 (SIRT1/2) inhibitor cambinol acts as a drug that inhibits lysosome redistribution and tumor invasion. Treatment of cells with cambinol resulted in a juxtanuclear lysosome aggregation (JLA) similar to that seen upon treatment with the PPARγ agonist, troglitazone (Tro). Like Tro, cambinol required the activity of ERK1/2 in order to induce this lysosome clustering phenotype. However, cambinol did not require the activity of Rab7, suggesting that this drug causes JLA by a mechanism different from what is known for Tro. Additionally, cambinol-induced JLA was not a result of autophagy induction. Further investigation revealed that cambinol triggered JLA independently of its activity as a SIRT1/2 inhibitor, suggesting that this drug could have effects in addition to SIRT1/2 inhibition that could be developed into a novel anti-cancer therapy. Cambinol prevents acidic pHe-induced anterograde lysosome trafficking. Cambinol-mediated lysosome aggregation is not dependent on sirtuin activity. ERK1/2 activity is necessary for cambinol-driven juxtanuclear lysosome aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha S. Dykes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
| | - Ellen Friday
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 7113, United States
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
| | - Kevin Pruitt
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
| | - James A. Cardelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
- Corresponding author at: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States.
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49
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Gao FJ, Hebbar S, Gao XA, Alexander M, Pandey JP, Walla MD, Cotham WE, King SJ, Smith DS. GSK-3β Phosphorylation of Cytoplasmic Dynein Reduces Ndel1 Binding to Intermediate Chains and Alters Dynein Motility. Traffic 2015; 16:941-61. [PMID: 26010407 PMCID: PMC4543430 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK‐3) has been linked to regulation of kinesin‐dependent axonal transport in squid and flies, and to indirect regulation of cytoplasmic dynein. We have now found evidence for direct regulation of dynein by mammalian GSK‐3β in both neurons and non‐neuronal cells. GSK‐3β coprecipitates with and phosphorylates mammalian dynein. Phosphorylation of dynein intermediate chain (IC) reduces its interaction with Ndel1, a protein that contributes to dynein force generation. Two conserved residues, S87/T88 in IC‐1B and S88/T89 in IC‐2C, have been identified as GSK‐3 targets by both mass spectrometry and site‐directed mutagenesis. These sites are within an Ndel1‐binding domain, and mutation of both sites alters the interaction of IC's with Ndel1. Dynein motility is stimulated by (i) pharmacological and genetic inhibition of GSK‐3β, (ii) an insulin‐sensitizing agent (rosiglitazone) and (iii) manipulating an insulin response pathway that leads to GSK‐3β inactivation. Thus, our study connects a well‐characterized insulin‐signaling pathway directly to dynein stimulation via GSK‐3 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng J Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Sachin Hebbar
- Bioinformatics Group, Immune Tolerance Network, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Xu A Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Jai P Pandey
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michael D Walla
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - William E Cotham
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Stephen J King
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32828, USA
| | - Deanna S Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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50
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Weinkauf B, Deising S, Obreja O, Hoheisel U, Mense S, Schmelz M, Rukwied R. Comparison of nerve growth factor-induced sensitization pattern in lumbar and tibial muscle and fascia. Muscle Nerve 2015; 52:265-72. [PMID: 25521275 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces profound hyperalgesia. In this study we explored patterns of NGF sensitization in muscle and fascia of distal and paraspinal sites. METHODS We injected 1 µg of NGF into human (n = 8) tibialis anterior and erector spinae muscles and their fasciae. The spatial extent of pressure sensitization, pressure pain threshold, and mechanical hyperalgesia (150 kPa, 10 s) was assessed at days 0.25, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21. Chemical sensitization was explored by acidic buffer injections (pH 4, 100 µl) at days 7 and 14. RESULTS The mechanical hyperalgesia area was larger in tibial fascia than in muscle. Pressure pain thresholds were lower, tonic pressure pain ratings, and citrate buffer evoked pain higher in fascia than in muscle. CONCLUSIONS Spatial mechanical sensitization differs between muscle and fascia. Thoracolumbar fasciae appear more sensitive than tibial fasciae and may be major contributors to low back pain, but the temporal sensitization profile is similar between paraspinal and distal sites. Muscle Nerve 52: 265-272, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Weinkauf
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Saskia Deising
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Otilia Obreja
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hoheisel
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Siegfried Mense
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Schmelz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Roman Rukwied
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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