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Kumar S, Kahle AD, Keeler AB, Zunder ER, Deppmann CD. Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometry. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.27.605444. [PMID: 39131388 PMCID: PMC11312439 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.27.605444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Microglia play a critical role in maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and display remarkable plasticity in their response to inflammatory stimuli. However, the specific signaling profiles that microglia adopt during such challenges remain incompletely understood. Traditional transcriptomic approaches provide valuable insights, but fail to capture dynamic post-translational changes. In this study, we utilized time-resolved single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) to measure distinct signaling pathways activated in microglia upon exposure to bacterial and viral mimetics-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)), respectively. Furthermore, we evaluated the immunomodulatory role of astrocytes on microglial signaling in mixed cultures. Microglia or mixed cultures derived from neonatal mice were treated with LPS or Poly(I:C) for 48 hrs. Cultures were stained with a panel of 33 metal-conjugated antibodies targeting signaling and identity markers. High-dimensional clustering analysis was used to identify emergent signaling modules. We found that LPS treatment led to more robust early activation of pp38, pERK, pRSK, and pCREB compared to Poly(I:C). Despite these differences, both LPS and Poly(I:C) upregulated the classical activation markers CD40 and CD86 at later time-points. Strikingly, the presence of astrocytes significantly blunted microglial responses to both stimuli, particularly dampening CD40 upregulation. Our studies demonstrate that single-cell mass cytometry effectively captures the dynamic signaling landscape of microglia under pro-inflammatory conditions. This approach may pave the way for targeted therapeutic investigations of various neuroinflammatory disorders. Moreover, our findings underscore the necessity of considering cellular context, such as astrocyte presence, in interpreting microglial behavior during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushanth Kumar
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - August D. Kahle
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Austin B. Keeler
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Eli R. Zunder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Lafta MS, Sokolov AV, Landtblom AM, Ericson H, Schiöth HB, Abu Hamdeh S. Exploring biomarkers in trigeminal neuralgia patients operated with microvascular decompression: A comparison with multiple sclerosis patients and non-neurological controls. Eur J Pain 2024; 28:929-942. [PMID: 38158702 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a severe facial pain condition often associated with a neurovascular conflict. However, neuroinflammation has also been implicated in TN, as it frequently co-occurs with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS We analysed protein expression levels of TN patients compared to MS patients and controls. Proximity Extension Assay technology was used to analyse the levels of 92 proteins with the Multiplex Neuro-Exploratory panel provided by SciLifeLab, Uppsala, Sweden. Serum and CSF samples were collected from TN patients before (n = 33 and n = 27, respectively) and after (n = 28 and n = 8, respectively) microvascular decompression surgery. Additionally, we included samples from MS patients (n = 20) and controls (n = 20) for comparison. RESULTS In both serum and CSF, several proteins were found increased in TN patients compared to either MS patients, controls, or both, including EIF4B, PTPN1, EREG, TBCB, PMVK, FKBP5, CD63, CRADD, BST2, CD302, CRIP2, CCL27, PPP3R1, WWP2, KLB, PLA2G10, TDGF1, SMOC1, RBKS, LTBP3, CLSTN1, NXPH1, SFRP1, HMOX2, and GGT5. The overall expression of the 92 proteins in postoperative TN samples seems to shift towards the levels of MS patients and controls in both serum and CSF, as compared to preoperative samples. Interestingly, there was no difference in protein levels between MS patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that TN patients showed increased serum and CSF levels of specific proteins and that successful surgery normalizes these protein levels, highlighting its potential as an effective treatment. However, the similarity between MS and controls challenges the idea of shared pathophysiology with TN, suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms in these conditions. SIGNIFICANCE This study advances our understanding of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and its association with multiple sclerosis (MS). By analysing 92 protein biomarkers, we identified distinctive molecular profiles in TN patients, shedding light on potential pathophysiological mechanisms. The observation that successful surgery normalizes many protein levels suggests a promising avenue for TN treatment. Furthermore, the contrasting protein patterns between TN and MS challenge prevailing assumptions of similarity between the two conditions and point to distinct pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muataz S Lafta
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aleksandr V Sokolov
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne-Marie Landtblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hans Ericson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sami Abu Hamdeh
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Kim JH, Michiko N, Choi IS, Kim Y, Jeong JY, Lee MG, Jang IS, Suk K. Aberrant activation of hippocampal astrocytes causes neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in mice. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002687. [PMID: 38991663 PMCID: PMC11239238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes are associated with neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in diverse neuropathologies; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We used optogenetic and chemogenetic tools to identify the crucial roles of the hippocampal CA1 astrocytes in cognitive decline. Our results showed that repeated optogenetic stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 astrocytes induced cognitive impairment in mice and decreased synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP), which was accompanied by the appearance of inflammatory astrocytes. Mechanistic studies conducted using knockout animal models and hippocampal neuronal cultures showed that lipocalin-2 (LCN2), derived from reactive astrocytes, mediated neuroinflammation and induced cognitive impairment by decreasing the LTP through the reduction of neuronal NMDA receptors. Sustained chemogenetic stimulation of hippocampal astrocytes provided similar results. Conversely, these phenomena were attenuated by a metabolic inhibitor of astrocytes. Fiber photometry using GCaMP revealed a high level of hippocampal astrocyte activation in the neuroinflammation model. Our findings suggest that reactive astrocytes in the hippocampus are sufficient and required to induce cognitive decline through LCN2 release and synaptic modulation. This abnormal glial-neuron interaction may contribute to the pathogenesis of cognitive disturbances in neuroinflammation-associated brain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nakamura Michiko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Maan-Gee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sung Jang
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Tung YT, Chen YC, Derr K, Wilson K, Song MJ, Ferrer M. A 3D Bioprinted Human Neurovascular Unit Model of Glioblastoma Tumor Growth. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302831. [PMID: 38394389 PMCID: PMC11176035 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
A 3D bioprinted neurovascular unit (NVU) model is developed to study glioblastoma (GBM) tumor growth in a brain-like microenvironment. The NVU model includes human primary astrocytes, pericytes and brain microvascular endothelial cells, and patient-derived glioblastoma cells (JHH-520) are used for this study. Fluorescence reporters are used with confocal high content imaging to quantitate real-time microvascular network formation and tumor growth. Extensive validation of the NVU-GBM model includes immunostaining for brain relevant cellular markers and extracellular matrix components; single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to establish physiologically relevant transcriptomics changes; and secretion of NVU and GBM-relevant cytokines. The scRNAseq reveals changes in gene expression and cytokines secretion associated with wound healing/angiogenesis, including the appearance of an endothelial mesenchymal transition cell population. The NVU-GBM model is used to test 18 chemotherapeutics and anti-cancer drugs to assess the pharmacological relevance of the model and robustness for high throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ting Tung
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Kristy Derr
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Kelli Wilson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Min Jae Song
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Marc Ferrer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
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Frias-Anaya E, Gallego-Gutierrez H, Gongol B, Weinsheimer S, Lai CC, Orecchioni M, Sriram A, Bui CM, Nelsen B, Hale P, Pham A, Shenkar R, DeBiasse D, Lightle R, Girard R, Li Y, Srinath A, Daneman R, Nudleman E, Sun H, Guma M, Dubrac A, Mesarwi OA, Ley K, Kim H, Awad IA, Ginsberg MH, Lopez-Ramirez MA. Mild Hypoxia Accelerates Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Disease Through CX3CR1-CX3CL1 Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1246-1264. [PMID: 38660801 PMCID: PMC11111348 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneity in the severity of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) disease, including brain bleedings and thrombosis that cause neurological disabilities in patients, suggests that environmental, genetic, or biological factors act as disease modifiers. Still, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood. Here, we report that mild hypoxia accelerates CCM disease by promoting angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, and vascular thrombosis in the brains of CCM mouse models. METHODS We used genetic studies, RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptome, micro-computed tomography, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, multiplex immunofluorescence, coculture studies, and imaging techniques to reveal that sustained mild hypoxia via the CX3CR1-CX3CL1 (CX3C motif chemokine receptor 1/chemokine [CX3C motif] ligand 1) signaling pathway influences cell-specific neuroinflammatory interactions, contributing to heterogeneity in CCM severity. RESULTS Histological and expression profiles of CCM neurovascular lesions (Slco1c1-iCreERT2;Pdcd10fl/fl; Pdcd10BECKO) in male and female mice found that sustained mild hypoxia (12% O2, 7 days) accelerates CCM disease. Our findings indicate that a small reduction in oxygen levels can significantly increase angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, and thrombosis in CCM disease by enhancing the interactions between endothelium, astrocytes, and immune cells. Our study indicates that the interactions between CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 are crucial in the maturation of CCM lesions and propensity to CCM immunothrombosis. In particular, this pathway regulates the recruitment and activation of microglia and other immune cells in CCM lesions, which leads to lesion growth and thrombosis. We found that human CX3CR1 variants are linked to lower lesion burden in familial CCMs, proving it is a genetic modifier in human disease and a potential marker for aggressiveness. Moreover, monoclonal blocking antibody against CX3CL1 or reducing 1 copy of the Cx3cr1 gene significantly reduces hypoxia-induced CCM immunothrombosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that interactions between CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 can modify CCM neuropathology when lesions are accelerated by environmental hypoxia. Moreover, a hypoxic environment or hypoxia signaling caused by CCM disease influences the balance between neuroinflammation and neuroprotection mediated by CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling. These results establish CX3CR1 as a genetic marker for patient stratification and a potential predictor of CCM aggressiveness.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Chemokine CX3CL1/metabolism
- Chemokine CX3CL1/genetics
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/genetics
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/genetics
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/metabolism
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/pathology
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia/complications
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases/metabolism
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases/pathology
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases/genetics
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Frias-Anaya
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Helios Gallego-Gutierrez
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Brendan Gongol
- Department of Health Sciences, Victor Valley College, Victorville, CA (B.G.)
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, 1207F Genomics Building, University of California, Riverside (B.G.)
| | - Shantel Weinsheimer
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco (S.W., A.S., H.K.)
| | - Catherine Chinhchu Lai
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Marco Orecchioni
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA (M.O., K.L.)
| | - Aditya Sriram
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco (S.W., A.S., H.K.)
| | - Cassandra M Bui
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Bliss Nelsen
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Preston Hale
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Angela Pham
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Robert Shenkar
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, IL (R.S., D.D., R.L., R.G., Y.L., A.S., I.A.A.)
| | - Dorothy DeBiasse
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, IL (R.S., D.D., R.L., R.G., Y.L., A.S., I.A.A.)
| | - Rhonda Lightle
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, IL (R.S., D.D., R.L., R.G., Y.L., A.S., I.A.A.)
| | - Romuald Girard
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, IL (R.S., D.D., R.L., R.G., Y.L., A.S., I.A.A.)
| | - Ying Li
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, IL (R.S., D.D., R.L., R.G., Y.L., A.S., I.A.A.)
| | - Abhinav Srinath
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, IL (R.S., D.D., R.L., R.G., Y.L., A.S., I.A.A.)
| | - Richard Daneman
- Department of Pharmacology (R.D., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Eric Nudleman
- Department of Ophthalmology (E.N.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Monica Guma
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Alexandre Dubrac
- Centre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (A.D.)
| | - Omar A Mesarwi
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA (M.O., K.L.)
| | - Helen Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco (S.W., A.S., H.K.)
| | - Issam A Awad
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, IL (R.S., D.D., R.L., R.G., Y.L., A.S., I.A.A.)
| | - Mark H Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Miguel Alejandro Lopez-Ramirez
- Department of Medicine (E.F.-A., H.G.-G., C.C.L., C.M.B., B.N., P.H., A.P., H.S., M.G., O.A.M., M.H.G., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Pharmacology (R.D., M.A.L.-R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
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Ge Y, Wu J, Zhang L, Huang N, Luo Y. A New Strategy for the Regulation of Neuroinflammation: Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:24. [PMID: 38372822 PMCID: PMC10876823 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important pathogenesis of neurological diseases and causes a series of physiopathological changes, such as abnormal activation of glial cells, neuronal degeneration and death, and disruption of the blood‒brain barrier. Therefore, modulating inflammation may be an important therapeutic tool for treating neurological diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as pluripotent stem cells, have great therapeutic potential for neurological diseases due to their regenerative ability, immunity, and ability to regulate inflammation. However, recent studies have shown that MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) play a major role in this process and play a key role in neuroprotection by regulating neuroglia. This review summarizes the recent progress made in regulating neuroinflammation by focusing on the mechanisms by which MSC-Exos are involved in the regulation of glial cells through signaling pathways such as the TLR, NF-κB, MAPK, STAT, and NLRP3 pathways to provide some references for subsequent research and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ge
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nanqu Huang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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7
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Ma L, Wang W, Zhao Y, Liu M, Ye W, Li X. Application of LRG mechanism in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23940. [PMID: 38223707 PMCID: PMC10784321 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a prevalent type of hydrocephalus, including secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus (SNPH) and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). However, its clinical diagnosis and pathological mechanism are still unclear. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein (LRG) is involved in various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nervous system diseases. Now the physiological mechanism of LRG is still being explored. According to the current research results on LRG, we found that the agency of LRG has much to do with the known pathological process of NPH. This review focuses on analyzing the LRG signaling pathways and the pathological mechanism of NPH. According to the collected literature evidence, we speculated that LRG probably be involved in the pathological process of NPH. Finally, based on the mechanism of LRG and NPH, we also summarized the evidence of molecular targeted therapies for future research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yongqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Menghao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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8
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Hu G, Du J, Wang B, Song P, Liu S. Comprehensive analysis of the clinical and prognostic significance of SFRP1 and PRKCB expression in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:45-52. [PMID: 37505453 PMCID: PMC10702695 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and protein kinase C-B (PRKCB) contribute to cancer progression and angiogenesis. This study intended to detect SFRP1 and PRKCB expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and analyze its association with clinicopathological features. METHODS A total of 108 NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection in our hospital between 2012 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. SFRP1 and PRKCB expression was detected using immunohistochemical staining. The relationships between SFRP1 and PRKCB expression and clinicopathological data were analyzed using the chi-square method. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to investigate survival probability over time. The potential risk of NSCLC morbidity associated with SFRP1 and PRKCB levels was analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk models. RESULTS SFRP1 and PRKCB expression was negative in 114 and 109 of the 180 NSCLC specimens, respectively. SFRP1 expression was significantly associated with TNM stage ( P < 0.001) and tumor diameter ( P < 0.001). PRKCB expression was significantly associated with the TNM stage ( P < 0.001). The correlation between SFRP1 and PRKCB expression was evident ( P = 0.023). SFRP1(-) or PRKCB(-) patients shows lower survival rates than SFRP1(+) or PRKCB(+) patients ( P < 0.001). SFRP1(-)/PRKCB(-) patients had the worst prognosis ( P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mortality of SFRP1(-) or PRKCB(-) patients was significantly higher than that of SFRP1(+) or PRKCB(+). CONCLUSION SFRP1 and PRKCB expression can be used to predict prognosis in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuoQiang Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guang’an District People’s Hospital of Guang’an City, Guang’an
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - PengTao Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - ShunLin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
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9
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Wang J, Tian F, Cao L, Du R, Tong J, Ding X, Yuan Y, Wang C. Macrophage polarization in spinal cord injury repair and the possible role of microRNAs: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22914. [PMID: 38125535 PMCID: PMC10731087 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) have always posed significant medical challenges. After mechanical injury, disturbances in microcirculation, edema formation, and the generation of free radicals lead to additional damage, impeding effective repair processes and potentially exacerbating further dysfunction. In this context, inflammatory responses, especially the activation of macrophages, play a pivotal role. Different phenotypes of macrophages have distinct effects on inflammation. Activation of classical macrophage cells (M1) promotes inflammation, while activation of alternative macrophage cells (M2) inhibits inflammation. The polarization of macrophages is crucial for disease healing. A non-coding RNA, known as microRNA (miRNA), governs the polarization of macrophages, thereby reducing inflammation following SCI and facilitating functional recovery. This study elucidates the inflammatory response to SCI, focusing on the infiltration of immune cells, specifically macrophages. It examines their phenotype and provides an explanation of their polarization mechanisms. Finally, this paper introduces several well-known miRNAs that contribute to macrophage polarization following SCI, including miR-155, miR-130a, and miR-27 for M1 polarization, as well as miR-22, miR-146a, miR-21, miR-124, miR-223, miR-93, miR-132, and miR-34a for M2 polarization. The emphasis is placed on their potential therapeutic role in SCI by modulating macrophage polarization, as well as the present developments and obstacles of miRNA clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Tian
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Lili Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruochen Du
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueting Ding
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Yitong Yuan
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
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10
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Sámano C, Mazzone GL. The role of astrocytes response triggered by hyperglycaemia during spinal cord injury. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37798949 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2264538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This manuscript aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the physiological, molecular, and cellular mechanisms triggered by reactive astrocytes (RA) in the context of spinal cord injury (SCI), with a particular focus on cases involving hyperglycaemia.Methods: The compilation of articles related to astrocyte responses in neuropathological conditions, with a specific emphasis on those related to SCI and hyperglycaemia, was conducted by searching through databases including Science Direct, Web of Science, and PubMed.Results and Conclusions: This article explores the dual role of astrocytes in both neurophysiological and neurodegenerative conditions within the central nervous system (CNS). In the aftermath of SCI and hyperglycaemia, astrocytes undergo a transformation into RA, adopting a distinct phenotype. While there are currently no approved therapies for SCI, various therapeutic strategies have been proposed to alleviate the detrimental effects of RAs following SCI and hyperglycemia. These strategies show promising potential in the treatment of SCI and its likely comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sámano
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa (UAM-C), Ciudad de México, México
| | - G L Mazzone
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET-Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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11
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Quick JD, Silva C, Wong JH, Lim KL, Reynolds R, Barron AM, Zeng J, Lo CH. Lysosomal acidification dysfunction in microglia: an emerging pathogenic mechanism of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:185. [PMID: 37543564 PMCID: PMC10403868 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the resident innate immune cells in the brain with a major role in orchestrating immune responses. They also provide a frontline of host defense in the central nervous system (CNS) through their active phagocytic capability. Being a professional phagocyte, microglia participate in phagocytic and autophagic clearance of cellular waste and debris as well as toxic protein aggregates, which relies on optimal lysosomal acidification and function. Defective microglial lysosomal acidification leads to impaired phagocytic and autophagic functions which result in the perpetuation of neuroinflammation and progression of neurodegeneration. Reacidification of impaired lysosomes in microglia has been shown to reverse neurodegenerative pathology in Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we summarize key factors and mechanisms contributing to lysosomal acidification impairment and the associated phagocytic and autophagic dysfunction in microglia, and how these defects contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. We further discuss techniques to monitor lysosomal pH and therapeutic agents that can reacidify impaired lysosomes in microglia under disease conditions. Finally, we propose future directions to investigate the role of microglial lysosomal acidification in lysosome-mitochondria crosstalk and in neuron-glia interaction for more comprehensive understanding of its broader CNS physiological and pathological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Quick
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cristian Silva
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Jia Hui Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kah Leong Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Reynolds
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anna M Barron
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jialiu Zeng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Chih Hung Lo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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12
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Sun M, You H, Hu X, Luo Y, Zhang Z, Song Y, An J, Lu H. Microglia-Astrocyte Interaction in Neural Development and Neural Pathogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:1942. [PMID: 37566021 PMCID: PMC10417796 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between microglia and astrocytes exhibits a relatively balanced state in order to maintain homeostasis in the healthy central nervous system (CNS). Disease stimuli alter microglia-astrocyte interaction patterns and elicit cell-type-specific responses, resulting in their contribution to various pathological processes. Here, we review the similarities and differences in the activation modes between microglia and astrocytes in various scenarios, encompassing different stages of neural development and a wide range of neural disorders. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of their roles in neural development and regeneration and guiding new strategies for restoring CNS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Sun
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hongli You
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xiaoxuan Hu
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yujia Luo
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yiqun Song
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Jing An
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Haixia Lu
- Department/Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.S.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
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13
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Que M, Li Y, Wang X, Zhan G, Luo X, Zhou Z. Role of astrocytes in sleep deprivation: accomplices, resisters, or bystanders? Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1188306. [PMID: 37435045 PMCID: PMC10330732 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1188306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep plays an essential role in all studied animals with a nervous system. However, sleep deprivation leads to various pathological changes and neurobehavioral problems. Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the brain and are involved in various important functions, including neurotransmitter and ion homeostasis, synaptic and neuronal modulation, and blood-brain barrier maintenance; furthermore, they are associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases, pain, and mood disorders. Moreover, astrocytes are increasingly being recognized as vital contributors to the regulation of sleep-wake cycles, both locally and in specific neural circuits. In this review, we begin by describing the role of astrocytes in regulating sleep and circadian rhythms, focusing on: (i) neuronal activity; (ii) metabolism; (iii) the glymphatic system; (iv) neuroinflammation; and (v) astrocyte-microglia cross-talk. Moreover, we review the role of astrocytes in sleep deprivation comorbidities and sleep deprivation-related brain disorders. Finally, we discuss potential interventions targeting astrocytes to prevent or treat sleep deprivation-related brain disorders. Pursuing these questions would pave the way for a deeper understanding of the cellular and neural mechanisms underlying sleep deprivation-comorbid brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Que
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Luo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Mohamed W, Kumar J, Alghamdi BS, Soliman AH, Toshihide Y. Neurodegeneration and inflammation crosstalk: Therapeutic targets and perspectives. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 14:95-110. [PMID: 37388502 PMCID: PMC10300452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glia, which was formerly considered to exist just to connect neurons, now plays a key function in a wide range of physiological events, including formation of memory, learning, neuroplasticity, synaptic plasticity, energy consumption, and homeostasis of ions. Glial cells regulate the brain's immune responses and confers nutritional and structural aid to neurons, making them an important player in a broad range of neurological disorders. Alzheimer's, ALS, Parkinson's, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and epilepsy are a few of the neurodegenerative diseases that have been linked to microglia and astroglia cells, in particular. Synapse growth is aided by glial cell activity, and this activity has an effect on neuronal signalling. Each glial malfunction in diverse neurodegenerative diseases is distinct, and we will discuss its significance in the progression of the illness, as well as its potential for future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Mohamed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Malaysia
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Menoufia Medical School, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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15
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Castro RW, Lopes MC, Settlage RE, Valdez G. Aging alters mechanisms underlying voluntary movements in spinal motor neurons of mice, primates, and humans. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e168448. [PMID: 37154159 PMCID: PMC10243831 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.168448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal motor neurons have been implicated in the loss of motor function that occurs with advancing age. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that impair the function of these neurons during aging remain unknown. Here, we show that motor neurons do not die in old female and male mice, rhesus monkeys, and humans. Instead, these neurons selectively and progressively shed excitatory synaptic inputs throughout the soma and dendritic arbor during aging. Thus, aged motor neurons contain a motor circuitry with a reduced ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses that may be responsible for the diminished ability to activate motor neurons to commence movements. An examination of the motor neuron translatome (ribosomal transcripts) in male and female mice reveals genes and molecular pathways with roles in glia-mediated synaptic pruning, inflammation, axonal regeneration, and oxidative stress that are upregulated in aged motor neurons. Some of these genes and pathways are also found altered in motor neurons affected with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and responding to axotomy, demonstrating that aged motor neurons are under significant stress. Our findings show mechanisms altered in aged motor neurons that could serve as therapeutic targets to preserve motor function during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W. Castro
- Neuroscience Graduate Program
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, and
| | - Mikayla C. Lopes
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, and
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Robert E. Settlage
- Department of Advanced Research Computing, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Gregorio Valdez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, and
- Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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16
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Gamit N, Dharmarajan A, Sethi G, Warrier S. Want of Wnt in Parkinson's disease: Could sFRP disrupt interplay between Nurr1 and Wnt signaling? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115566. [PMID: 37088155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor related 1 (Nurr1) is a transcription factor known to regulate the development and maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons. Reports have confirmed that defect or obliteration of Nurr1 results in neurodegeneration and motor function impairment leading to Parkinson's disease (PD). Studies have also indicated that Nurr1 regulates the expression of alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) and mutations in Nurr1 cause α-SYN overexpression, thereby increasing the risk of PD. Nurr1 is modulated via various pathways including Wnt signaling pathway which is known to play an important role in neurogenesis and deregulation of it contributes to PD pathogenesis. Both Wnt/β-catenin dependent and independent pathways are implicated in the activation of Nurr1 and subsequent downregulation of α-SYN. This review highlights the interaction between Nurr1 and Wnt signaling pathways in mDA neuronal development. We further hypothesize how modulation of Wnt signaling pathway by its antagonist, secreted frizzled related proteins (sFRPs) could be a potential route to treat PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naisarg Gamit
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560 065, India
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600 116, India; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia; Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia; School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life and Physical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 117 600, Singapore
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560 065, India; Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560 065, India.
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17
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Hwang Y, Park JH, Kim HC, Shin EJ. GABA B receptor activation alters astrocyte phenotype changes induced by trimethyltin via ERK signaling in the dentate gyrus of mice. Life Sci 2023; 319:121529. [PMID: 36841471 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We examined the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)B receptor activation on astrocyte phenotype changes induced by trimethyltin (TMT) in the dentate gyrus of mice. MAIN METHODS Male C57BL/6N mice received TMT (2.6 mg/kg, i.p.), and the expression of GABAB receptors was evaluated in the hippocampus. The GABAB receptor agonist baclofen (2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg, i.p. × 5 at 12-h intervals) was administered 3-5 days after TMT treatment, and the expression of Iba-1, GFAP, and astrocyte phenotype markers was evaluated 6 days after TMT. SL327 (30 mg/kg, i.p.), an extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) inhibitor, was administered 1 h after each baclofen treatment. KEY FINDINGS TMT insult significantly induced the astroglial expression of GABAB receptors in the dentate molecular layer. Baclofen significantly promoted the expression of S100A10, EMP1, and CD109, but not that of C3, GGTA1, and MX1 induced by TMT. In addition, baclofen significantly increased the TMT-induced expression of p-ERK in the dentate molecular layer. Interestingly, p-ERK was more colocalized with S100A10 than with C3 after TMT insult, and a significant positive correlation was found between the expression of p-ERK and S100A10. Consistently, SL327 reversed the effect of baclofen on astrocyte phenotype changes. Baclofen also enhanced the TMT-induced astroglial expression of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), an anti-inflammatory astrocytes-to-microglia mediator, and consequently attenuated Iba-1 expression and delayed apoptotic neuronal death. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that GABAB receptor activation increases S100A10-positive anti-inflammatory astrocytes and astroglial GDNF expression via ERK signaling after TMT excitotoxicity in the dentate molecular layer of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonggwang Hwang
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Park
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Amani H, Soltani Khaboushan A, Terwindt GM, Tafakhori A. Glia Signaling and Brain Microenvironment in Migraine. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3911-3934. [PMID: 36995514 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a complicated neurological disorder affecting 6% of men and 18% of women worldwide. Various mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, altered mitochondrial function, neurotransmitter disturbances, cortical hyperexcitability, genetic factors, and endocrine system problems, are responsible for migraine. However, these mechanisms have not completely delineated the pathophysiology behind migraine, and they should be further studied. The brain microenvironment comprises neurons, glial cells, and vascular structures with complex interactions. Disruption of the brain microenvironment is the main culprit behind various neurological disorders. Neuron-glia crosstalk contributes to hyperalgesia in migraine. In the brain, microenvironment and related peripheral regulatory circuits, microglia, astrocytes, and satellite cells are necessary for proper function. These are the most important cells that could induce migraine headaches by disturbing the balance of the neurotransmitters in the nervous system. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are the prominent reactions glial cells drive during migraine. Understanding the role of cellular and molecular components of the brain microenvironment on the major neurotransmitters engaged in migraine pathophysiology facilitates the development of new therapeutic approaches with higher effectiveness for migraine headaches. Investigating the role of the brain microenvironment and neuroinflammation in migraine may help decipher its pathophysiology and provide an opportunity to develop novel therapeutic approaches for its management. This review aims to discuss the neuron-glia interactions in the brain microenvironment during migraine and their potential role as a therapeutic target for the treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Amani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltani Khaboushan
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abbas Tafakhori
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hussen BM, Shoorei H, Abak A, Poornajaf Y, Taheri M, Samadian M. Interactions between non-coding RNAs and HIF-1α in the context of cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 943:175535. [PMID: 36731723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a subunit of the HIF-1 transcription factor which is encoded by the HIF1A gene. This transcription factor is the main modulator of the cell response to hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced up-regulation of HIF-1α is involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. Recently, the interactions of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) with HIF-1α have been reported. These ncRNAs regulate the expression of HIF-1α through different mechanisms. The regulatory roles of ncRNAs on HIF-1α are involved in the response of cancer cells to a wide range of anticancer drugs such as sorafenib, cisplatin, propofol, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel. Therefore, identification of the complex network between ncRNAs and HIF-1α not only facilitates the design of novel therapies but also promotes the efficacy of conventional anticancer treatments. This review aims to explain the interactions between these classes of ncRNAs and HIF-1α in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadollah Poornajaf
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Samadian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Huang R, Cai L, Ma X, Shen K. Autophagy-mediated circHIPK2 promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced astrocytic inflammation via SIGMAR1. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109907. [PMID: 36827915 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of noncoding RNAs and widely involve in the occurrence of multiple human diseases. It is an urgent task to clarify circRNA upstream regulation mechanism and seek their biofunction. Our previous study has confirmed that circular RNA HIPK2 (circHIPK2) promotes astrocyte activation via SIGMAR1, sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1, in a mouse model of single high-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. However, what mechanism circHIPK2 is regulated by and whether it is involved in the inflammatory response of astrocytes remain unclear. In this study, we reported that circHIPK2 and SIGMAR1 were significantly increased in mouse prefrontal cortex after multiple intraperitoneal injection of LPS, with the elevation of inflammatory mediators. Knockdown circHIPK2 in primary astrocytes suppressed the SIGMAR1 expression and inflammation. Pretreatment of autophagy inducer rapamycin on astrocytes suppressed the circHIPK2 expression and inactivated inflammatory response. These results implied that autophagy inducer rapamycin could suppress astrocytic inflammation by inactivating circHIPK2-SIGMAR1 axis. Autophagy may be a promising upstream administrator of circHIPK2 and therapeutic target for central nervous system inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Liangliang Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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21
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Chen LL, Fan YG, Zhao LX, Zhang Q, Wang ZY. The metal ion hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of metal chelators. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106301. [PMID: 36455485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, is the most common dementia with uncertain etiology. The clinical trials of Aβ monoclonal antibody drugs have almost failed, giving rise to great attention on the other etiologic hypothesis regarding AD such as metal ions dysmetabolism and chronic neuroinflammation. Mounting evidence revealed that the metal ions (iron, copper, and zinc) were dysregulated in the susceptible brain regions of AD patients, which was highly associated with Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuronal loss, as well as neuroinflammation. Further studies uncovered that iron, copper and zinc could not only enhance the production of Aβ but also directly bind to Aβ and tau to promote their aggregations. In addition, the accumulation of iron and copper could respectively promote ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Therefore, the metal ion chelators were recognized as promising agents for treating AD. This review comprehensively summarized the effects of metal ions on the Aβ dynamics and tau phosphorylation in the progression of AD. Furthermore, taking chronic neuroinflammation contributes to the progression of AD, we also provided a summary of the mechanisms concerning metal ions on neuroinflammation and highlighted the metal ion chelators may be potential agents to alleviate neuroinflammation under the condition of AD. Nevertheless, more investigations regarding metal ions on neuroinflammation should be taken into practice, and the effects of metal ion chelators on neuroinflammation should gain more attention. Running title: Metal chelators against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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22
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Bhusal A, Afridi R, Lee WH, Suk K. Bidirectional Communication Between Microglia and Astrocytes in Neuroinflammation. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2020-2029. [PMID: 36453496 PMCID: PMC10556371 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221129121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a common feature of diverse nervous system pathologies. In many instances, it begins at an early stage of the disease, paving the way for further exacerbations. The main drivers of neuroinflammation are brain-resident glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes. Microglia are the primary responders to any insult to the brain parenchyma, translating the signals into diverse molecules. These molecules derived from microglia can regulate the stimuli-dependent reactivity of astrocytes. Once activated, astrocytes in turn, can control microglia phenotypes. Recent evidence indicates that the crosstalk between these glial cells plays an important role in delaying or accelerating neuroinflammation and overall disease progression. To date, various molecules have been recognized as key mediators of the bidirectional communication between microglia and astrocytes. The current review aims to discuss the novel molecules identified recently, which play a critical role in interglial crosstalk, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Bhusal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruqayya Afridi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ha Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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23
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Activation of the STING pathway induces peripheral sensitization via neuroinflammation in a rat model of bone cancer pain. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:117-132. [PMID: 36346430 PMCID: PMC9902424 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation in the peripheral nervous system has been linked to cancer metastasis-induced bone pain. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING), an innate immune sensor for cytosolic DNA, plays an important role in inflammation and cancer metastasis and is reported to be a critical regulator of nociception. Here, we examined the role of STING in primary nociceptive neurons and chronic pain to determine if it could be a new target for treating bone cancer pain (BCP). METHODS Walker 256 cancer cells were injected intratibially to induce bone cancer pain in rats. STING and its downstream inflammatory factors in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were detected using western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. Transmission electron microscopy and the BCL2-associated X (Bax) expression were used to detect the mitochondrial stress in DRG neurons. C-176, a specific inhibitor of STING, was used to block STING activation and to test the pain behavior. RESULTS Mechanical hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain were observed in BCP rats, accompanied by the upregulation of the STING expression in the ipsilateral L4-5 DRG neurons which showed significant mitochondrion stress. The STING/TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activation was observed in the DRGs of BCP rats as well as increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression. C-176 alleviated bone cancer pain and reduced the STING and its downstream inflammatory pathway. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that STING pathway activation leads to neuroinflammation and peripheral sensitization. Pharmacological blockade of STING may be a promising novel strategy for preventing BCP.
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24
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Identification of circRNA expression profiles and the potential role of hsa_circ_0006916 in silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis. Toxicology 2023; 483:153384. [PMID: 36403901 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as novel regulators in the biological development of various diseases, but their expression profiles, functions and mechanisms in silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis remain largely unexplored. In this study, we constructed a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis by intratracheal injection of silica particles and then performed transcriptome RNA sequencing of lung tissues. The results showed that 78 circRNAs, 39 miRNAs and 262 mRNAs were differentially expressed. Among them, five circRNAs, three miRNAs and four mRNAs were further selected, and their abnormal expression was verified in mouse fibrotic lung tissues by RT-qPCR assay. The circRNA-associated ceRNA network including 206 ceRNA triplets was constructed based on abnormally expressed circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, and miR-199b-5p, miR-296-5p and miR-708-5p were identified as hub miRNAs connected to circRNAs and mRNAs. Subsequently, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed to detect the potential roles of differentially expressed mRNAs in pulmonary fibrosis, which were mainly involved in immune response, Th17 cell differentiation, NF-κB signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, we identified that hsa_circ_0006916 was up-regulated in pulmonary fibrosis. To characterize the potential role of hsa_circ_0006916, we transfected siRNA targeting hsa_circ_0006916 into alveolar macrophages and found that knockdown of hsa_circ_0006916 significantly increased the expression levels of M1 molecules IL-1β and TNF-α and reduced the expression level of M2 molecule TGF-β1, indicating that hsa_circ_0006916 may play an important role in the activation of M1-M2 polarization effect in macrophages. Our results provided important evidence on the possible contribution of these abnormal circRNAs to the development of silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis.
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25
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Wang ZB, Ma YH, Sun Y, Tan L, Wang HF, Yu JT. Interleukin-3 is associated with sTREM2 and mediates the correlation between amyloid-β and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:316. [PMID: 36578067 PMCID: PMC9798566 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02679-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of glial cell communication is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, and the recent study reported that astrocytic secreted interleukin-3 (IL-3) participated in astrocyte-microglia crosstalk and restricted AD pathology in mice, but the effect of IL-3 on the pathological progression of AD in human is still unclear. METHODS A total of 311 participants with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-3, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), and AD biomarkers were included from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). We assessed the associations of IL-3 with sTREM2 and AD biomarkers at baseline, and with cognitive change in longitudinal study. The mediation models were used to explore the potential mechanism of how IL-3 affects AD pathology. RESULTS We found that CSF IL-3 was significantly associated with CSF sTREM2 and CSF AD core biomarkers (Aβ42, p-tau, and t-tau) at baseline, and was also markedly related to cognitive decline in longitudinal analysis. Moreover, mediation analysis revealed that CSF IL-3 modulated the level of CSF sTREM2 and contributed to tau pathology (as measured by CSF p-tau/t-tau) and subsequent cognitive decline. In addition, Aβ pathology (as measured by CSF Aβ42) affected the development of tau pathology partly by modifying the levels of CSF IL-3 and CSF sTREM2. Furthermore, the effect of Aβ pathology on cognitive decline was partially mediated by the pathway from CSF IL-3 and CSF sTREM2 to tau pathology. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence to suggest that IL-3 is linked to sTREM2 and mediates the correlation between Aβ pathology to tau pathology. It indicates that IL-3 may be a major factor in the spreading from Aβ pathology to tau pathology to cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bo Wang
- grid.410645.20000 0001 0455 0905Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-Hui Ma
- grid.410645.20000 0001 0455 0905Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Sun
- grid.410645.20000 0001 0455 0905Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- grid.410645.20000 0001 0455 0905Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui-Fu Wang
- grid.410645.20000 0001 0455 0905Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Liu C, Fan D, Lei Q, Lu A, He X. Roles of Resolvins in Chronic Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314883. [PMID: 36499209 PMCID: PMC9738788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An inflammatory response is beneficial to the organism, while an excessive uncontrolled inflammatory response can lead to the nonspecific killing of tissue cells. Therefore, promoting the resolution of inflammation is an important mechanism for protecting an organism suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases. Resolvins are a series of endogenous lipid mediums and have the functions of inhibiting a leukocyte infiltration, increasing macrophagocyte phagocytosis, regulating cytokines, and alleviating inflammatory pain. By promoting the inflammation resolution, resolvins play an irreplaceable role throughout the pathological process of some joint inflammation, neuroinflammation, vascular inflammation, and tissue inflammation. Although a large number of experiments have been conducted to study different subtypes of resolvins in different directions, the differences in the action targets between the different subtypes are rarely compared. Hence, this paper reviews the generation of resolvins, the characteristics of resolvins, and the actions of resolvins under a chronic inflammatory response and clinical translation of resolvins for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dancai Fan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200052, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (X.H.)
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Identification of hsa-miR-365b-5p's role in Alzheimer's disease: a combined analysis of miRNA and mRNA microarrays. Neurosci Lett 2022; 790:136892. [PMID: 36181964 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent health problem with a heavy global burden. Definitely diagnosed by autopsy, the clear mechanism of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis process needs to be illustrated. MicroRNAs are suggested to be involved in many diseases. We aimed to investigate the role of microRNA in Alzheimer's disease. METHODS We attempted to discover the role of microRNA in Alzheimer's disease by microarray bioinformatics analysis using autopsy sample data from the GEO database. Temporal cortex samples were included in this study. Bioinformatics analyses and visualization were processed based on R. RESULTS After filtering out significantly differential expressed microRNAs and genes, enrichment analyses of both microRNAs and genes were conducted, respectively. Then, we constructed a transcription factor- microRNA-mRNA network and a protein-protein interaction network. In parallel, we used the receiver operating characteristic curve to evaluate the diagnostic value of microRNA. Based on the evidence, we finally identified hsa-miR-365b-5p as a key target in Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS Hsa-miR-365b-5p act as a key target in Alzheimer's disease. It regulates Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis process via neuroinflammation, Wnt and oxidative stress pathway which provides a potential target for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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28
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Bouvier DS, Fixemer S, Heurtaux T, Jeannelle F, Frauenknecht KBM, Mittelbronn M. The Multifaceted Neurotoxicity of Astrocytes in Ageing and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Translational Perspective. Front Physiol 2022; 13:814889. [PMID: 35370777 PMCID: PMC8969602 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.814889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a healthy physiological context, astrocytes are multitasking cells contributing to central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, defense, and immunity. In cell culture or rodent models of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), numerous studies have shown that astrocytes can adopt neurotoxic phenotypes that could enhance disease progression. Chronic inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, unbalanced phagocytosis, or alteration of their core physiological roles are the main manifestations of their detrimental states. However, if astrocytes are directly involved in brain deterioration by exerting neurotoxic functions in patients with NDDs is still controversial. The large spectrum of NDDs, with often overlapping pathologies, and the technical challenges associated with the study of human brain samples complexify the analysis of astrocyte involvement in specific neurodegenerative cascades. With this review, we aim to provide a translational overview about the multi-facets of astrocyte neurotoxicity ranging from in vitro findings over mouse and human cell-based studies to rodent NDDs research and finally evidence from patient-related research. We also discuss the role of ageing in astrocytes encompassing changes in physiology and response to pathologic stimuli and how this may prime detrimental responses in NDDs. To conclude, we discuss how potentially therapeutic strategies could be adopted to alleviate or reverse astrocytic toxicity and their potential to impact neurodegeneration and dementia progression in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Bouvier
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- *Correspondence: David S. Bouvier,
| | - Sonja Fixemer
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Tony Heurtaux
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Félicia Jeannelle
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Katrin B. M. Frauenknecht
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Department of Cancer Research (DOCR), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology, and Medicine (FSTM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Michel Mittelbronn,
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29
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Sun Y, Langer HF. Platelets, Thromboinflammation and Neurovascular Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:843404. [PMID: 35309326 PMCID: PMC8930842 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain and spinal cord are immune-privileged organs, but in the disease state protection mechanisms such as the blood brain barrier (BBB) are ineffective or overcome by pathological processes. In neuroinflammatory diseases, microglia cells and other resident immune cells contribute to local vascular inflammation and potentially a systemic inflammatory response taking place in parallel. Microglia cells interact with other cells impacting on the integrity of the BBB and propagate the inflammatory response through the release of inflammatory signals. Here, we discuss the activation and response mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune processes in response to neuroinflammation. Furthermore, the clinical importance of neuroinflammatory mediators and a potential translational relevance of involved mechanisms are addressed also with focus on non-classical immune cells including microglia cells or platelets. As illustrative examples, novel agents such as Anfibatide or Revacept, which result in reduced recruitment and activation of platelets, a subsequently blunted activation of the coagulation cascade and further inflammatory process, demonstrating that mechanisms of neuroinflammation and thrombosis are interconnected and should be further subject to in depth clinical and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Harald F. Langer
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Harald F. Langer,
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30
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Rueda‐Carrasco J, Martin‐Bermejo MJ, Pereyra G, Mateo MI, Borroto A, Brosseron F, Kummer MP, Schwartz S, López‐Atalaya JP, Alarcon B, Esteve P, Heneka MT, Bovolenta P. SFRP1 modulates astrocyte-to-microglia crosstalk in acute and chronic neuroinflammation. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51696. [PMID: 34569685 PMCID: PMC8567217 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a common feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. It fosters a dysfunctional neuron-microglia-astrocyte crosstalk that, in turn, maintains microglial cells in a perniciously reactive state that often enhances neuronal damage. The molecular components that mediate this critical communication are not fully explored. Here, we show that secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1), a multifunctional regulator of cell-to-cell communication, is part of the cellular crosstalk underlying neuroinflammation. In mouse models of acute and chronic neuroinflammation, SFRP1, largely astrocyte-derived, promotes and sustains microglial activation, and thus a chronic inflammatory state. SFRP1 promotes the upregulation of components of the hypoxia-induced factor-dependent inflammatory pathway and, to a lower extent, of those downstream of the nuclear factor-kappa B. We thus propose that SFRP1 acts as an astrocyte-to-microglia amplifier of neuroinflammation, representing a potential valuable therapeutic target for counteracting the harmful effect of chronic inflammation in several neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rueda‐Carrasco
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - María Jesús Martin‐Bermejo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Guadalupe Pereyra
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - María Inés Mateo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Aldo Borroto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- NeurologyUniversitätsklinikum BonnBonnGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | - Markus P Kummer
- NeurologyUniversitätsklinikum BonnBonnGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | - Stephanie Schwartz
- NeurologyUniversitätsklinikum BonnBonnGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | | | - Balbino Alarcon
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Pilar Esteve
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
| | - Michael T Heneka
- NeurologyUniversitätsklinikum BonnBonnGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | - Paola Bovolenta
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MadridSpain
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