1
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Li S. Is auxin the key to improve crop nitrogen use efficiency for greener agriculture? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 39155785 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Strengthening future food security through the application of unsustainable levels of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizers to crop fields may exacerbate environmental damage. Coordination of N-use efficiency (NUE) and plant growth is, therefore, crucial for sustainable agriculture. Auxin plays pivotal roles in developmental and signaling responses that affect NUE. Hence, a better understanding of these processes provides great potential to improve crop NUE. This review summarizes the effects of auxin on N-related and root developmental processes that either directly or indirectly affect NUE in the model plant Arabidopsis and major crop species to highlight the potential of fostering sustainable agricultural development in the future through modulating auxin-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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2
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Delgado LD, Nunez-Pascual V, Riveras E, Ruffel S, Gutiérrez RA. Recent advances in local and systemic nitrate signaling in Arabidopsisthaliana. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102605. [PMID: 39033715 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate is the most abundant form of inorganic nitrogen in aerobic soils, serving both as a nutrient and a signaling molecule. Central to nitrate signaling in higher plants is the intricate balance between local and systemic signaling and response pathways. The interplay between local and systemic responses allows plants to regulate their global gene expression, metabolism, physiology, growth, and development under fluctuating nitrate availability. This review offers an overview of recent discoveries regarding new players on nitrate sensing and signaling, in local and systemic contexts in Arabidopsis thaliana. Additionally, it addresses unanswered questions that warrant further investigation for a better understanding of nitrate signaling and responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Delgado
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile
| | - Valentina Nunez-Pascual
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile
| | - Eleodoro Riveras
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile
| | - Sandrine Ruffel
- Institute for Plant Sciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Rodrigo A Gutiérrez
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile.
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3
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Zhu Z, Krall L, Li Z, Xi L, Luo H, Li S, He M, Yang X, Zan H, Gilbert M, Gombos S, Wang T, Neuhäuser B, Jacquot A, Lejay L, Zhang J, Liu J, Schulze WX, Wu XN. Transceptor NRT1.1 and receptor-kinase QSK1 complex controls PM H +-ATPase activity under low nitrate. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1479-1491.e6. [PMID: 38490203 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
NRT1.1, a nitrate transceptor, plays an important role in nitrate binding, sensing, and nitrate-dependent lateral root (LR) morphology. However, little is known about NRT1.1-mediated nitrate signaling transduction through plasma membrane (PM)-localized proteins. Through in-depth phosphoproteome profiling using membranes of Arabidopsis roots, we identified receptor kinase QSK1 and plasma membrane H+-ATPase AHA2 as potential downstream components of NRT1.1 signaling in a mild low-nitrate (LN)-dependent manner. QSK1, as a functional kinase and molecular link, physically interacts with NRT1.1 and AHA2 at LN and specifically phosphorylates AHA2 at S899. Importantly, we found that LN, not high nitrate (HN), induces formation of the NRT1.1-QSK1-AHA2 complex in order to repress the proton efflux into the apoplast by increased phosphorylation of AHA2 at S899. Loss of either NRT1.1 or QSK1 thus results in a higher T947/S899 phosphorylation ratio on AHA2, leading to enhanced pump activity and longer LRs under LN. Our results uncover a regulatory mechanism in which NRT1.1, under LN conditions, promotes coreceptor QSK1 phosphorylation and enhances the NRT1.1-QSK1 complex formation to transduce LN sensing to the PM H+-ATPase AHA2, controlling the phosphorylation ratio of activating and inhibitory phosphorylation sites on AHA2. This then results in altered proton pump activity, apoplast acidification, and regulation of NRT1.1-mediated LR growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Leonard Krall
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lin Xi
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hongxiu Luo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shalan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Mingjie He
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Haitao Zan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Max Gilbert
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sven Gombos
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Benjamin Neuhäuser
- Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Aurore Jacquot
- IPSiM, University Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Lejay
- IPSiM, University Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junzhong Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Xu Na Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
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4
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Huang Y, Ji Z, Zhang S, Li S. Function of hormone signaling in regulating nitrogen-use efficiency in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 294:154191. [PMID: 38335845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients for crop plant performance, however, the excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture significantly increases production costs and causes severe environmental problems. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms of N-use efficiency (NUE) with the aim of developing new crop varieties that combine high yields with improved NUE is an urgent goal for achieving more sustainable agriculture. Plant NUE is a complex trait that is affected by multiple factors, of which hormones are known to play pivotal roles. In this review, we focus on the interaction between the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of plant hormones with N metabolism, and summarize recent studies on the interplay between hormones and N, including how N regulates multiple hormone biosynthesis, transport and signaling and how hormones modulate root system architecture (RSA) in response to external N sources. Finally, we explore potential strategies for promoting crop NUE by modulating hormone synthesis, transport and signaling. This provides insights for future breeding of N-efficient crop varieties and the advancement of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Ji
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Pereyra ME, Costigliolo Rojas C, Jarrell AF, Hovland AS, Snipes SA, Nagpal P, Alabadí D, Blázquez MA, Gutiérrez RA, Reed JW, Gray WM, Casal JJ. PIF4 enhances the expression of SAUR genes to promote growth in response to nitrate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304513120. [PMID: 37725643 PMCID: PMC10523462 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304513120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrate supply is fundamental to support shoot growth and crop performance, but the associated increase in stem height exacerbates the risks of lodging and yield losses. Despite their significance for agriculture, the mechanisms involved in the promotion of stem growth by nitrate remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the elongation of the hypocotyl of Arabidopsis thaliana, used as a model, responds rapidly and persistently to upshifts in nitrate concentration, rather than to the nitrate level itself. The response occurred even in shoots dissected from their roots and required NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1 (NRT1.1) in the phosphorylated state (but not NRT1.1 nitrate transport capacity) and NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 7 (NLP7). Nitrate increased PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) nuclear abundance by posttranscriptional mechanisms that depended on NRT1.1 and phytochrome B. In response to nitrate, PIF4 enhanced the expression of numerous SMALL AUXIN-UP RNA (SAUR) genes in the hypocotyl. The growth response to nitrate required PIF4, positive and negative regulators of its activity, including AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs, and SAURs. PIF4 integrates cues from the soil (nitrate) and aerial (shade) environments adjusting plant stature to facilitate access to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Ezequiel Pereyra
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1417, Argentina
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1405, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Costigliolo Rojas
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1405, Argentina
| | - Anne F. Jarrell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - Austin S. Hovland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN55108
| | - Stephen A. Snipes
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - Punita Nagpal
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - David Alabadí
- Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia46022, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Blázquez
- Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia46022, Spain
| | - Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
| | - Jason W. Reed
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - William M. Gray
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN55108
| | - Jorge José Casal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1417, Argentina
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1405, Argentina
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6
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Jia Z, Giehl RFH, Hartmann A, Estevez JM, Bennett MJ, von Wirén N. A spatially concerted epidermal auxin signaling framework steers the root hair foraging response under low nitrogen. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3926-3941.e5. [PMID: 37699396 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
As a major determinant of the nutrient-acquiring root surface, root hairs (RHs) provide a low-input strategy to enhance nutrient uptake. Although primary and lateral roots exhibit elongation responses under mild nitrogen (N) deficiency, the foraging response of RHs and underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Employing transcriptomics and functional studies revealed a framework of molecular components composing a cascade of auxin synthesis, transport, and signaling that triggers RH elongation for N acquisition. Through upregulation of Tryptophan Aminotransferase of Arabidopsis 1 (TAA1) and YUCCA8, low N increases auxin accumulation in the root apex. Auxin is then directed to the RH differentiation zone via the auxin transport machinery, AUXIN TRANSPORTER PROTEIN 1 (AUX1) and PIN-FORMED 2 (PIN2). Upon arrival to the RH zone, auxin activates the transcription factors AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 6 and 8 (ARF6/8) to promote the epidermal and auxin-inducible transcriptional module ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (RHD6)-LOTUS JAPONICA ROOT HAIRLESS-LIKE 3 (LRL3) to steer RH elongation in response to low N. Our study uncovers a spatially defined regulatory signaling cascade for N foraging by RHs, expanding the mechanistic framework of hormone-regulated nutrient sensing in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Jia
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Anja Hartmann
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jose M Estevez
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile; Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Malcolm J Bennett
- Future Food Beacon and School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
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7
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Wu H, Zhu L, Cai G, Lv C, Yang H, Ren X, Hu B, Zhou X, Jiang T, Xiang Y, Wei R, Li L, Liu H, Muhammad I, Xia C, Lan H. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the PP2C Family from Zea mays and Its Role in Long-Distance Signaling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3153. [PMID: 37687398 PMCID: PMC10490008 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) constitutes a large gene family that plays crucial roles in regulating stress responses and plant development. A recent study has shown the involvement of an AtPP2C family member in long-distance nitrogen signaling in Arabidopsis. However, it remains unclear whether maize adopts a similar mechanism. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide survey and expression analysis of the PP2C family in maize. We identified 103 ZmPP2C genes distributed across 10 chromosomes, which were further classified into 11 subgroups based on an evolutionary tree. Notably, cis-acting element analysis revealed the presence of abundant hormone and stress-related, as well as nitrogen-related, cis-elements in the promoter regions of ZmPP2Cs. Expression analysis demonstrated the distinct expression patterns of nine genes under two nitrogen treatments. Notably, the expression of ZmPP2C54 and ZmPP2C85 in the roots was found to be regulated by long-distance signals from the shoots. These findings provide valuable insights into understanding the roles of ZmPP2Cs in long-distance nitrogen signaling in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Ling Zhu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Guiping Cai
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Chenxi Lv
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Huan Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Bo Hu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Xuemei Zhou
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Yong Xiang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Rujun Wei
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Lujiang Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Hailan Liu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Imran Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab College of Science, Faisalabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Chao Xia
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
| | - Hai Lan
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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8
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Abualia R, Riegler S, Benkova E. Nitrate, Auxin and Cytokinin-A Trio to Tango. Cells 2023; 12:1613. [PMID: 37371083 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important macronutrient required for plant growth and development, thus directly impacting agricultural productivity. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that nitrogen-driven growth depends on pathways that control nitrate/nitrogen homeostasis and hormonal networks that act both locally and systemically to coordinate growth and development of plant organs. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in understanding the role of the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin and their crosstalk in nitrate-regulated growth and discuss the significance of novel findings and possible missing links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashed Abualia
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Stefan Riegler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Eva Benkova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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9
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Kumar N, Caldwell C, Iyer-Pascuzzi AS. The NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 7 transcription factor modulates auxin pathways to regulate root cap development in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3047-3059. [PMID: 36787214 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The root cap is a small tissue located at the tip of the root with critical functions for root growth. Present in nearly all vascular plants, the root cap protects the root meristem, influences soil penetration, and perceives and transmits environmental signals that are critical for root branching patterns. To perform these functions, the root cap must remain relatively stable in size and must integrate endogenous developmental pathways with environmental signals, yet the mechanism is not clear. We previously showed that low pH conditions altered root cap development, and these changes are mediated by the NIN LIKE PROTEIN 7 (NLP7) transcription factor, a master regulator of nitrate signaling. Here we show that in Arabidopsis NLP7 integrates nitrate signaling with auxin pathways to regulate root cap development. We found that low nitrate conditions promote aberrant release of root cap cells. Nitrate deficiency impacts auxin pathways in the last layer of the root cap, and this is mediated in part by NLP7. Mutations in NLP7 abolish the auxin minimum in the last layer of the root cap and alter root cap expression of the auxin carriers PIN-LIKES 3 (PILS3) and PIN-FORMED 7 (PIN7) as well as transcription factors that regulate PIN expression. Together, our data reveal NLP7 as a link between endogenous auxin pathways and nitrate signaling in the root cap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narender Kumar
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chloe Caldwell
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Anjali S Iyer-Pascuzzi
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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10
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Liang X, Zhang Y, Fernie AR. Mass spectrometric exploration of phytohormone profiles and signaling networks. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:399-414. [PMID: 36585336 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones have crucial roles in plant growth, development, and acclimation to environmental stress; however, measuring phytohormone levels and unraveling their complex signaling networks and interactions remains challenging. Mass spectrometry (MS) has revolutionized the study of complex biological systems, enabling the comprehensive identification and quantification of phytohormones and their related targets. Here, we review recent advances in MS technologies and highlight studies that have used MS to discover and analyze phytohormone-mediated molecular events. In particular, we focus on the application of MS for profiling phytohormones, elucidating phosphorylation signaling, and mapping protein interactions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinlin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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11
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Liu C, Qiu Q, Zou B, Wu Q, Ye X, Wan Y, Huang J, Wu X, Sun Y, Yan H, Fan Y, Jiang L, Zheng X, Zhao G, Zou L, Xiang D. Comparative transcriptome and genome analysis unravels the response of Tatary buckwheat root to nitrogen deficiency. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:647-660. [PMID: 36796235 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Garetn.), a dicotyledonous herbaceous crop, has good adaptation to low nitrogen (LN) condition. The plasticity of roots drives the adaption of Tartary buckwheat under LN, but the detailed mechanism behind the response of TB roots to LN remains unclear. In this study, the molecular mechanism of two Tartary buckwheat genotypes' roots with contrasting sensitivity in response to LN was investigated by integrating physiological, transcriptome and whole-genome re-sequencing analysis. LN improved primary and lateral root growth of LN-sensitive genotype, whereas the roots of LN-insensitive genotype showed no response to LN. 2, 661 LN-responsive differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by transcriptome analysis. Of these genes, 17 N transport and assimilation-related and 29 hormone biosynthesis and signaling genes showed response to LN, and they may play important role in Tartary buckwheat root development under LN. The flavonoid biosynthetic genes' expression was improved by LN, and their transcriptional regulations mediated by MYB and bHLH were analyzed. 78 transcription factors, 124 small secreted peptides and 38 receptor-like protein kinases encoding genes involved in LN response. 438 genes were differentially expressed between LN-sensitive and LN-insensitive genotypes by comparing their transcriptome, including 176 LN-responsive DEGs. Furthermore, nine key LN-responsive genes with sequence variation were identified, including FtNRT2.4, FtNPF2.6 and FtMYB1R1. This paper provided useful information on the response and adaptation of Tartary buckwheat root to LN, and the candidate genes for breeding Tartary buckwheat with high N use efficiency were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Qingcheng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Bangxing Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China; Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xueling Ye
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jingwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yanxia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huiling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Liangzhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China.
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12
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Wang Y, Xing J, Wan J, Yao Q, Zhang Y, Mi G, Chen L, Li Z, Zhang M. Auxin efflux carrier ZmPIN1a modulates auxin reallocation involved in nitrate-mediated root formation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:74. [PMID: 36737696 PMCID: PMC9896688 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auxin plays a crucial role in nitrate (NO3-)-mediated root architecture, and it is still unclear that if NO3- supply modulates auxin reallocation for regulating root formation in maize (Zea mays L.). This study was conducted to investigate the role of auxin efflux carrier ZmPIN1a in the root formation in response to NO3- supply. RESULTS Low NO3- (LN) promoted primary root (PR) elongation, while repressed the development of lateral root primordia (LRP) and total root length. LN modulated auxin levels and polar transport and regulated the expression of auxin-responsive and -signaling genes in roots. Moreover, LN up-regulated the expression level of ZmPIN1a, and overexpression of ZmPIN1a enhanced IAA efflux and accumulation in PR tip, while repressed IAA accumulation in LRP initiation zone, which consequently induced LN-mediated PR elongation and LR inhibition. The inhibition rate of PR length, LRP density and number of ZmPIN1a-OE plants was higher than that of wild-type plants after auxin transport inhibitor NPA treatment under NN and LN conditions, and the degree of inhibition of root growth in ZmPIN1a-OE plants was more obvious under LN condition. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ZmPIN1a was involved in modulating auxin levels and transport to alter NO3--mediated root formation in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiapeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiachi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingqing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yushi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guohua Mi
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Limei Chen
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaohu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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13
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Xing J, Cao X, Zhang M, Wei X, Zhang J, Wan X. Plant nitrogen availability and crosstalk with phytohormones signallings and their biotechnology breeding application in crops. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022. [PMID: 36435985 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N), one of the most important nutrients, limits plant growth and crop yields in sustainable agriculture system, in which phytohormones are known to play essential roles in N availability. Hence, it is not surprising that massive studies about the crosstalk between N and phytohormones have been constantly emerging. In this review, with the intellectual landscape of N and phytohormones crosstalk provided by the bibliometric analysis, we trace the research story of best-known crosstalk between N and various phytohormones over the last 20 years. Then, we discuss how N regulates various phytohormones biosynthesis and transport in plants. In reverse, we also summarize how phytohormones signallings modulate root system architecture (RSA) in response to N availability. Besides, we expand to outline how phytohormones signallings regulate uptake, transport, and assimilation of N in plants. Further, we conclude advanced biotechnology strategies, explain their application, and provide potential phytohormones-regulated N use efficiency (NUE) targets in crops. Collectively, this review provides not only a better understanding on the recent progress of crosstalk between N and phytohormones, but also targeted strategies for improvement of NUE to increase crop yields in future biotechnology breeding of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Xing
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocong Cao
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
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Wu X, Xie X, Yang S, Yin Q, Cao H, Dong X, Hui J, Liu Z, Jia Z, Mao C, Yuan L. OsAMT1;1 and OsAMT1;2 Coordinate Root Morphological and Physiological Responses to Ammonium for Efficient Nitrogen Foraging in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:1309-1320. [PMID: 35861152 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Optimal plant growth and development rely on morphological and physiological adaptions of the root system to forage heterogeneously distributed nitrogen (N) in soils. Rice grows mainly in the paddy soil where ammonium (NH4+) is present as the major N source. Although root NH4+ foraging behaviors are expected to be agronomically relevant, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that NH4+ supply transiently enhanced the high-affinity NH4+ uptake and stimulated lateral root (LR) branching and elongation. These synergistic physiological and morphological responses were closely related to NH4+-induced expression of NH4+ transporters OsAMT1;1 and OsAMT1;2 in roots. The two independent double mutants (dko) defective in OsAMT1;1 and OsAMT1;2 failed to induce NH4+ uptake and stimulate LR formation, suggesting that OsAMT1s conferred the substrate-dependent root NH4+ foraging. In dko plants, NH4+ was unable to activate the expression of OsPIN2, and the OsPIN2 mutant (lra1) exhibited a strong reduction in NH4+-triggered LR branching, suggesting that the auxin pathway was likely involved in OsAMT1s-dependent LR branching. Importantly, OsAMT1s-dependent root NH4+ foraging behaviors facilitated rice growth and N acquisition under fluctuating NH4+ supply. These results revealed an essential role of OsAMT1s in synergizing root morphological and physiological processes, allowing for efficient root NH4+ foraging to optimize N capture under fluctuating N availabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qianyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huairong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaonan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Hui
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongtao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuanzao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Lixing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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15
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Ahmad N, Ibrahim S, Tian Z, Kuang L, Wang X, Wang H, Dun X. Quantitative trait loci mapping reveals important genomic regions controlling root architecture and shoot biomass under nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium stress in rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994666. [PMID: 36172562 PMCID: PMC9511887 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants rely on root systems for nutrient uptake from soils. Marker-assisted selection helps breeders to select desirable root traits for effective nutrient uptake. Here, 12 root and biomass traits were investigated at the seedling stage under low nitrogen (LN), low phosphorus (LP), and low potassium (LK) conditions, respectively, in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, which was generated from Brassica napus L. Zhongshuang11 and 4D122 with significant differences in root traits and nutrient efficiency. Significant differences for all the investigated traits were observed among RILs, with high heritabilities (0.43-0.74) and high correlations between the different treatments. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping identified 57, 27, and 36 loci, explaining 4.1-10.9, 4.6-10.8, and 4.9-17.4% phenotypic variances under LN, LP, and LK, respectively. Through QTL-meta analysis, these loci were integrated into 18 significant QTL clusters. Four major QTL clusters involved 25 QTLs that could be repeatedly detected and explained more than 10% phenotypic variances, including two NPK-common and two specific QTL clusters (K and NK-specific), indicating their critical role in cooperative nutrients uptake of N, P, and K. Moreover, 264 genes within the four major QTL clusters having high expressions in roots and SNP/InDel variations between two parents were identified as potential candidate genes. Thirty-eight of them have been reported to be associated with root growth and development and/or nutrient stress tolerance. These key loci and candidate genes lay the foundation for deeper dissection of the NPK starvation response mechanisms in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Sani Ibrahim
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Lieqiong Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinfa Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Dun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
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16
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Lv M, Dong T, Wang J, Zuo K. Genome-wide identification of nitrate transporter genes from Spirodela polyrhiza and characterization of SpNRT1.1 function in plant development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:945470. [PMID: 36061775 PMCID: PMC9436390 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.945470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate transporter (NRT) genes that participate in nitrate transport and distribution are indispensable for plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. Spirodela polyrhiza has the smallest genome among monocotyledon plants, and it has strong nitrate absorbance and phytoremediation abilities. However, the evolutionary history, expression patterns, and functions of the NRT gene family in S. polyrhiza are not well understood. Here, we identified 29 NRT members in the S. polyrhiza genome. Gene structure and phylogeny analyses showed that S. polyrhiza nitrate transporter (SpNRTs) genes were divided into eight clades without gene expansion compared with that in Arabidopsis. Transcriptomic analysis showed that SpNRT genes have spatiotemporal expression patterns and respond to abiotic stress. Functional analysis revealed that in S. polyrhiza, SpNRT1.1 expression was strongly induced by treatment with nitrate and ammonium. Overexpression of SpNRT1.1 significantly repressed primary root length, and the number and total length of lateral roots. This was more pronounced in high ammonium concentration medium. Overexpressed SpNRT1.1 in Arabidopsis significantly improved biomass and delayed flowering time, indicating that the nitrate transport ability of SpNRT1.1 differs from AtNRT1.1. In conclusion, our results provide valuable information about the evolution of the NRT family in higher plants and the function of SpNRT1.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Lv
- Single Cell Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Dong
- Single Cell Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaijing Zuo
- Single Cell Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Wang Y, Wang R, Zhao S, Lu C, Zhu Z, Li H. Transporter NRT1.5/NPF7.3 suppresses primary root growth under low K + stress by regulating the degradation of PIN-FORMED2. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:330. [PMID: 35804293 PMCID: PMC9264542 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The availability of potassium is one of the main environmental factors for modifying the plasticity of root architecture. Many potassium channels and transporters are involved in regulating primary root growth in response to low potassium stress. NRT1.5/NPF7.3 transporter is a NO3-/H+ and K+/H+ cotransporter, and participates in NO3- and K+ translocation from the roots to the shoots. However, the underlying mechanism of NRT1.5-regulated primary root growth under low potassium stress is unclear. RESULTS We show that NRT1.5/NPF7.3 inhibited primary root growth under low potassium conditions by regulating the accumulation of PIN2 protein and auxin levels. Under low potassium conditions, the mutants nrt1.5 and lks2 exhibited longer primary roots, longer meristem regions and elongation zones of primary roots, and more cell activity in the meristem region compared to WT plants, revealing the involvement of NRT1.5 in LK (low potassium)-inhibition primary root growth. In addition, exogenous auxin (IAA), auxin analogue (NAA, 2.4-D) or auxin precursor (IBA) promoted the primary root growth of WT and the complementation line NRT1.5 COM plants. In addition, the application of NPA inhibited the primary root growth of the nrt1.5 and lks2 mutants. Auxin accumulation was higher in the root tip of nrt1.5 plants than in WT plants, indicating that NRT1.5 regulates root growth inhibition by regulating auxin distribution. Furthermore, PIN2 was degraded more quickly in nrt1.5 plants under LK stress. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that NRT1.5 inhibits primary root growth by modulating the auxin level in the root tip via the degradation of PIN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Changmei Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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18
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Wang R, Himschoot E, Chen J, Boudsocq M, Geelen D, Friml J, Beeckman T, Vanneste S. Constitutive Active CPK30 Interferes With Root Growth and Endomembrane Trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862398. [PMID: 35783951 PMCID: PMC9245594 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPK) are key components of a wide array of signaling pathways, translating stress and nutrient signaling into the modulation of cellular processes such as ion transport and transcription. However, not much is known about CPKs in endomembrane trafficking. Here, we screened for CPKs that impact on root growth and gravitropism, by overexpressing constitutively active forms of CPKs under the control of an inducible promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that inducible overexpression of an constitutive active CPK30 (CA-CPK30) resulted in a loss of root gravitropism and ectopic auxin accumulation in the root tip. Immunolocalization revealed that CA-CPK30 roots have reduced PIN protein levels, PIN1 polarity defects and impaired Brefeldin A (BFA)-sensitive trafficking. Moreover, FM4-64 uptake was reduced, indicative of a defect in endocytosis. The effects on BFA-sensitive trafficking were not specific to PINs, as BFA could not induce aggregation of ARF1- and CHC-labeled endosomes in CA-CPK30. Interestingly, the interference with BFA-body formation, could be reverted by increasing the extracellular pH, indicating a pH-dependence of this CA-CPK30 effect. Altogether, our data reveal an important role for CPK30 in root growth regulation and endomembrane trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ellie Himschoot
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
- Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
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Jia Z, Giehl RFH, von Wirén N. Nutrient-hormone relations: Driving root plasticity in plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:86-103. [PMID: 34920172 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Optimal plant development requires root uptake of 14 essential mineral elements from the soil. Since the bioavailability of these nutrients underlies large variation in space and time, plants must dynamically adjust their root architecture to optimize nutrient access and acquisition. The information on external nutrient availability and whole-plant demand is translated into cellular signals that often involve phytohormones as intermediates to trigger a systemic or locally restricted developmental response. Timing and extent of such local root responses depend on the overall nutritional status of the plant that is transmitted from shoots to roots in the form of phytohormones or other systemic long-distance signals. The integration of these systemic and local signals then determines cell division or elongation rates in primary and lateral roots, the initiation, emergence, or elongation of lateral roots, as well as the formation of root hairs. Here, we review the cascades of nutrient-related sensing and signaling events that involve hormones and highlight nutrient-hormone relations that coordinate root developmental plasticity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Jia
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany.
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Sathee L, Krishna GK, Adavi SB, Jha SK, Jain V. Role of protein phosphatases in the regulation of nitrogen nutrition in plants. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2911-2922. [PMID: 35035144 PMCID: PMC8720119 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The reversible protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation mediated by protein kinases and phosphatases regulate different biological processes and their response to environmental cues, including nitrogen (N) availability. Nitrate assimilation is under the strict control of phosphorylation-dephosphorylation mediated post-translational regulation. The protein phosphatase family with approximately 150 members in Arabidopsis and around 130 members in rice is a promising player in N uptake and assimilation pathways. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) enhances the activation of nitrate reductase (NR) by deactivating SnRK1 and reduces the binding of inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins on NR. The functioning of nitrate transporter NPF6.3 is regulated by phosphorylation of CBL9 (Calcineurin B like protein 9) and CIPK23 (CBL interacting protein kinase 23) module. Phosphorylation by CIPK23 inhibits the activity of NPF6.3, whereas protein phosphatases (PP2C) enhance the NPF6.3-dependent nitrate sensing. PP2Cs and CIPK23 also regulate ammonium transporters (AMTs). Under either moderate ammonium supply or high N demand, CIPK23 is bound and inactivated by PP2Cs. Ammonium uptake is mediated by nonphosphorylated and active AMT1s. Whereas, under high ammonium availability, CIPK23 gets activated and phosphorylate AMT1;1 and AMT1;2 rendering them inactive. Recent reports suggest the critical role of protein phosphatases in regulating N use efficiency (NUE). In rice, PP2C9 regulates NUE by improving N uptake and assimilation. Comparative leaf proteome of wild type and PP2C9 over-expressing transgenic rice lines showed 30 differentially expressed proteins under low N level. These proteins are involved in photosynthesis, N metabolism, signalling, and defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - G. K. Krishna
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, 680 656 India
| | - Sandeep B. Adavi
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - Shailendra K. Jha
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - Vanita Jain
- Agricultural Education Division, ICAR, KAB-II, New Delhi, 110 012 India
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