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Wang B, Han F, You R, Chen C, Xie H. Polyphenols Can Improve Resin-Dentin Bond Durability by Promoting Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles to Backfill the Dentin Matrix. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1491-1505. [PMID: 36998600 PMCID: PMC10046144 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s395631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of proanthocyanidins (PA), myricetin, resveratrol, and kaempferol on the modification of dentin collagen and the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and to evaluate their contributions to the biomimetic remineralization and resin-dentin bonding performance. Methods Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and in situ zymography were applied to verify the collagen modification and MMP activity inhibition induced by these four polyphenols. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), ATR-FTIR, Vickers hardness numbers (VHN), and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) were performed to characterize the remineralized dentin. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage were investigated to evaluate the effects of the four polyphenols on resin-dentin bonding durability. Results ATR-FTIR and in situ zymography confirmed that these four polyphenols could modify dentin collagen and inhibit MMP activity, respectively. Chemoanalytic characterization exhibited the efficacies of the four polyphenols in promoting dentin biomimetic remineralization. The surface hardness of PA-pretreated dentin was the greatest. Micro-CT results demonstrated that the PAs group possessed the highest amount of dentin surface minerals and the lowest amount of deep-layer minerals. The surface and deep-layer mineral contents of the Myr group were higher than Res and Kae groups. Treatment with these four polyphenols significantly increased the initial μTBS compared with the control group without primer conditioning. μTBS decreased significantly during aging, and the decrease was more severe in the PAs and Kae groups than in the Myr and Res groups. With or without aging, the polyphenol groups exhibited relatively less fluorescence. However, the Myr and Res groups showed less serious nanoleakage after aging. Conclusion PA, myricetin, resveratrol, and kaempferol can modify dentin collagen, inhibit MMP activity, promote biomimetic remineralization, and improve resin-dentin bond durability. Compared with PA and kaempferol, myricetin and resveratrol are more effective in improving resin-dentin bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran You
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Haifeng Xie, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Han-Zhong Road 136th, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8625 69593081, Fax +8625 86516414, Email
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Amornkitbamrung U, In Y, Wang Z, Song J, Oh SH, Hong MH, Shin H. c-Axis-Oriented Platelets of Crystalline Hydroxyapatite in Biomimetic Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Polydopamine-Functionalized Collagen Type I. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:4821-4831. [PMID: 35187302 PMCID: PMC8851625 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mineralized collagen fibrils are important basic building blocks of calcified tissues, such as bone and dentin. Polydopamine (PDA) can introduce functional groups, i.e., hydroxyl and amine groups, on the surfaces of type I collagen (Col-I) as possible nucleation sites of calcium phosphate (CaP) crystallization. Molecular bindings in between PDA and Col-I fibrils (Col-PDA) have been found to significantly reduce the interfacial energy. The wetting effect, mainly hydrophilicity due to the functional groups, escalates the degree of mineralization. The assembly of Col-I molecules into fibrils was initiated at the designated number of collagenous molecules and PDA. In contrast to the infiltration of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) precursors into the Col-I matrix by polyaspartic acid (pAsp), this collagen assembly process allows nucleation and ACP to exist in advance by PDA in the intrafibrillar matrix. PDA bound to specific sites, i.e., gap and overlap zones, by the regular arrangement of Col-I fibrils enhanced ACP nucleation and thus mineralization. As a result, the c-axis-oriented platelets of crystalline hydroxyapatite in the Col-I fibril matrix were observed in the enhanced mineralization through PDA functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urasawadee Amornkitbamrung
- Nature
Inspired Materials Processing Research Center, Department of Energy
Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjae In
- Nature
Inspired Materials Processing Research Center, Department of Energy
Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department
of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Song
- Nature
Inspired Materials Processing Research Center, Department of Energy
Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department
of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Hong
- Nature
Inspired Materials Processing Research Center, Department of Energy
Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Nature
Inspired Materials Processing Research Center, Department of Energy
Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Wu L, Wang Q, Li Y, Yang M, Dong M, He X, Zheng S, Cao CY, Zhou Z, Zhao Y, Li QL. A Dopamine Acrylamide Molecule for Promoting Collagen Biomimetic Mineralization and Regulating Crystal Growth Direction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39142-39156. [PMID: 34433244 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The reconstruction of the intra/interfibrillar mineralized collagen microstructure is extremely important in biomaterial science and regeneration medicine. However, certain problems, such as low efficiency and long period of mineralization, are apparent, and the mechanism of interfibrillar mineralization is often neglected in the present literature. Thus, we propose a novel model of biomimetic collagen mineralization that uses molecules with the dual function of cross-linking collagen and regulating collagen mineralization to construct the intrafibrillar and interfibrillar collagen mineralization of the structure of mineralized collagen hard tissues. In the present study completed in vitro, N-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) acrylamide (DAA) is used to bind and cross-link collagen molecules and further stabilize the self-assembled collagen fibers. The DAA-collagen complex provides more affinity with calcium and phosphate ions, which can reduce the calcium phosphate/collagen interfacial energy to promote hydroxyapatite (HA) nucleation and accelerate the rate of collagen fiber mineralization. Besides inducing intrafibrillar mineralization, the DAA-collagen complex mineralization template can realize interfibrillar mineralization with the c-axis of the HA crystal on the surface of collagen fibers and between fibers that are parallel to the long axis of collagen fibers. The DAA-collagen complex, as a new type of mineralization template, may provide a new collagen mineralization strategy to produce a mineralized scaffold material for tissue engineering or develop bone-like materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leping Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuzhu Li
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Menglu Dong
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaoxue He
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shunli Zheng
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chris Ying Cao
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan 48208-2576, United States
| | - Yuancong Zhao
- Key Lab. of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Quan-Li Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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Leferink AM, van Blitterswijk CA, Moroni L. Methods of Monitoring Cell Fate and Tissue Growth in Three-Dimensional Scaffold-Based Strategies for In Vitro Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 22:265-83. [PMID: 26825610 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2015.0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering, there is a need for methods that allow assessing the performance of tissue-engineered constructs noninvasively in vitro and in vivo. To date, histological analysis is the golden standard to retrieve information on tissue growth, cellular distribution, and cell fate on tissue-engineered constructs after in vitro cell culture or on explanted specimens after in vivo applications. Yet, many advances have been made to optimize imaging techniques for monitoring tissue-engineered constructs with a sub-mm or μm resolution. Many imaging modalities have first been developed for clinical applications, in which a high penetration depth has been often more important than lateral resolution. In this study, we have reviewed the current state of the art in several imaging approaches that have shown to be promising in monitoring cell fate and tissue growth upon in vitro culture. Depending on the aimed tissue type and scaffold properties, some imaging methods are more applicable than others. Optical methods are mostly suited for transparent materials such as hydrogels, whereas magnetic resonance-based methods are mostly applied to obtain contrast between hard and soft tissues regardless of their transparency. Overall, this review shows that the field of imaging in scaffold-based tissue engineering is developing at a fast pace and has the potential to overcome the limitations of destructive endpoint analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Leferink
- 1 Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands .,2 Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University , Maastricht, The Netherlands .,3 BIOS/Lab-on-a-chip Group, MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens A van Blitterswijk
- 1 Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands .,2 Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University , Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- 1 Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands .,2 Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University , Maastricht, The Netherlands
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5
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Zhou W, Niu LN, Huang L, Fang M, Chang G, Shen LJ, Tay FR, Chen JH. Improved secondary caries resistance via augmented pressure displacement of antibacterial adhesive. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22269. [PMID: 26928742 PMCID: PMC4772086 DOI: 10.1038/srep22269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The present in vitro study evaluated the secondary caries resistance potential of acid-etched human coronal dentin bonded using augmented pressure adhesive displacement in conjunction with an experimental antibacterial adhesive. One hundred and twenty class I cavities were restored with a commercial non-antibacterial etch-and-rinse adhesive (N) or an experimental antibacterial adhesive (A) which was displaced by gentle air-blow (G) or augmented pressure air-blow (H). After bonding and restoration with resin composite, the resulted 4 groups (N-G, N-H, A-G and A-H) were exposed to Streptococcus mutans biofilm for 4, 8, 15, 20 or 25 days. The development of secondary caries in the bonding interface was then examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data acquired from 15, 20 and 25 days of artificial caries induction were analyzed with three-way ANOVA at α = 0.05. The depth of the artificial carious lesions was significantly affected by “adhesive type” (Single Bond 2 vs experimental antibacterial adhesive p = 0.003), “intensity of adhesive displacement” (gentle vs augmented-pressure adhesive displacement; p < 0.001), as well as “artificial caries induction time” (p < 0.001). The combined use of augmented pressure adhesive displacement and experimental antibacterial adhesive reduces the progression of secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li-na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li-juan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ji-hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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6
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Hu C, Zhang L, Wei M. Development of Biomimetic Scaffolds with Both Intrafibrillar and Extrafibrillar Mineralization. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:669-676. [PMID: 33435090 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone is an organic-inorganic hierarchical biocomposite. Its basic building block is mineralized collagen fibers with both intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization, which is believed to be regulated by noncollagenous proteins (NCPs) with polyanionic domains. In this study, collagen fibrils with both intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization were successfully prepared and the mechanism of biomineralization was proposed. Building on this success, a unique biomimetic lamellar scaffold composed of collagen fibrils with both intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization was fabricated using a combination of self-compression and unidirectional freeze-drying approach. To achieve intrafibrillar mineralization, we used poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to sequester calcium and phosphate ions to form fluidic PAA-amorphous calcium phosphate (PAA-ACP) nanoprecursors. At the presence of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), PAA-ACP nanoprecursors were modulated to orderly deposit within the gap zone of collagen fibrils. The effect of PAA concentration on the intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization of reconstituted collagen fibrils was investigated. It was found that with the decrease in PAA concentration, the inhibitory effect of PAA on mineralization and the stability of ACP nanoprecursors decreased. As a result, more minerals were deposited both within and on the surface of the collagen fibrils. Moreover, with the ability to reproduce biomineralization of collagen fibrils, it allowed us to fabricate biomimetic hierarchical collagen/hydroxyapatite scaffolds composed of both intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar minerals using a bottom-up approach. This technique renders a promising biomimetic scaffold, which will be suitable for bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Lichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Mei Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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Banerjee P, Madhu S, Chandra Babu NK, Shanthi C. Bio-mimetic mineralization potential of collagen hydrolysate obtained from chromium tanned leather waste. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 49:338-347. [PMID: 25686958 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics serve as an alternative to autogenous-free bone grafting by virtue of their excellent biocompatibility. However, chemically synthesized HA lacks the strong load-bearing capacity as required by bone. The bio-mimetic growth of HA crystals on collagen surface provides a feasible solution for synthesizing bone substitutes with the desired properties. This study deals with the utilization of the collagen hydrolysate recovered from leather waste as a substrate for promoting HA crystal growth. Bio-mimetic growth of HA was induced by subjecting the hydrolysate to various mineralization conditions. Parameters that would have a direct effect on crystal growth were varied to determine the optimal conditions necessary. Maximum mineralization was achieved with a combination of 10mM of CaCl2, 5mM of Na2HPO4, 100mM of NaCl and 0.575% glutaraldehyde at a pH of 7.4. The metal-protein interactions leading to formation of HA were identified through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The crystal dimensions were determined to be in the nanoscale range by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The size and crystallinity of bio-mimetically grown HA indicate that hydrolysate from leather waste can be used as an ideal alternative substrate for bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta Banerjee
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Madhu
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N K Chandra Babu
- Tannery Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Shanthi
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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TOMOAIA GHEORGHE, PASCA ROXANADIANA. On the Collagen Mineralization. A Review. CLUJUL MEDICAL (1957) 2015; 88:15-22. [PMID: 26528042 PMCID: PMC4508610 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Collagen mineralization (CM) is a challenging process that has received a lot of attention in the past years. Among the reasons for this interest, the key role is the importance of collagen and hydroxyapatite in natural bone, as major constituents. Different protocols of mineralization have been developed, specially using simulated body fluid (SBF) and many methods have been used to characterize the systems obtained, starting with methods of determining the mineral content (XRD, FTIR, Raman, High-Resolution Spectral Ultrasound Imaging), continuing with imaging methods (AFM, TEM, SEM, Fluorescence Microscopy), thermal analysis (DSC and TGA), evaluation of the mechanical and biological properties, including statistical methods and molecular modeling. In spite of the great number of studies regarding collagen mineralization, its mechanism, both in vivo and in vitro, is not completely understood. Some of the methods used in vitro and investigation methods are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- GHEORGHE TOMOAIA
- Orthopedic Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - ROXANA-DIANA PASCA
- Orthopedic Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Chemical Engineering Department, Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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9
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Chen Z, Cao S, Wang H, Li Y, Kishen A, Deng X, Yang X, Wang Y, Cong C, Wang H, Zhang X. Biomimetic remineralization of demineralized dentine using scaffold of CMC/ACP nanocomplexes in an in vitro tooth model of deep caries. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116553. [PMID: 25587986 PMCID: PMC4294661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, it is still a tough task for dentists to remineralize dentine in deep caries. The aim of this study was to remineralize demineralized dentine in a tooth model of deep caries using nanocomplexes of carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC/ACP) based on mimicking the stabilizing effect of dentine matrix protein 1 (DMP1) on ACP in the biomineralization of dentine. The experimental results indicate that CMC can stabilize ACP to form nanocomplexes of CMC/ACP, which is able to be processed into scaffolds by lyophilization. In the single-layer collagen model, ACP nanoparticles are released from scaffolds of CMC/ACP nanocomplexes dissolved and then infiltrate into collagen fibrils via the gap zones (40 nm) to accomplish intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen. With this method, the completely demineralized dentine was partially remineralized in the tooth mode. This is a bottom-up remineralizing strategy based on non-classical crystallization theory. Since nanocomplexes of CMC/ACP show a promising effect of remineralization on demineralized dentine via biomimetic strategy, thereby preserving dentinal tissue to the maximum extent possible, it would be a potential indirect pulp capping (IPC) material for the management of deep caries during vital pulp therapy based on the concept of minimally invasive dentistry (MID).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Shansong Cao
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Haorong Wang
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Anil Kishen
- Discipline of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Changhong Cong
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Huajun Wang
- School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Leferink AM, Fratila RM, Koenrades MA, van Blitterswijk CA, Velders A, Moroni L. An open source image processing method to quantitatively assess tissue growth after non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging in human bone marrow stromal cell seeded 3D polymeric scaffolds. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115000. [PMID: 25502022 PMCID: PMC4264848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring extracellular matrix (ECM) components is one of the key methods used to determine tissue quality in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for regenerative medicine and clinical purposes. This is even more important when multipotent human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) are used, as it could offer a method to understand in real time the dynamics of stromal cell differentiation and eventually steer it into the desired lineage. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a promising tool to overcome the challenge of a limited transparency in opaque 3D scaffolds. Technical limitations of MRI involve non-uniform background intensity leading to fluctuating background signals and therewith complicating quantifications on the retrieved images. We present a post-imaging processing sequence that is able to correct for this non-uniform background intensity. To test the processing sequence we investigated the use of MRI for in vitro monitoring of tissue growth in three-dimensional poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)-poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) scaffolds. Results showed that MRI, without the need to use contrast agents, is a promising non-invasive tool to quantitatively monitor ECM production and cell distribution during in vitro culture in 3D porous tissue engineered constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Leferink
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA – Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Raluca M. Fratila
- NeuroImaging Group, MIRA – Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike A. Koenrades
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA – Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens A. van Blitterswijk
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA – Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aldrik Velders
- Laboratory of SupraMolecular Chemistry and Technology of MESA – Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of BioNanotechnology, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA – Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Sun J, Chen C, Pan H, Chen Y, Mao C, Wang W, Tang R, Gu X. Biomimetic promotion of dentin remineralization usingl-glutamic acid: inspiration from biomineralization proteins. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:4544-4553. [PMID: 32261555 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00451e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The decalcified dentin layer was remineralized in two days using the cooperative effect of PAA and Glu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine
- Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoqun Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine
- Hangzhou, China
| | - Haihua Pan
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine
- Hangzhou, China
| | - Caiyun Mao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine
- Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine
- Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Centre of Biopathways and Biomaterials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Gu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine
- Hangzhou, China
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12
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Niu LN, Zhang W, Pashley DH, Breschi L, Mao J, Chen JH, Tay FR. Biomimetic remineralization of dentin. Dent Mater 2013; 30:77-96. [PMID: 23927881 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Remineralization of demineralized dentin is important for improving dentin bonding stability and controlling primary and secondary caries. Nevertheless, conventional dentin remineralization strategy is not suitable for remineralizing completely demineralized dentin within hybrid layers created by etch-and-rinse and moderately aggressive self-etch adhesive systems, or the superficial part of a caries-affected dentin lesion left behind after minimally invasive caries removal. Biomimetic remineralization represents a different approach to this problem by attempting to backfill the demineralized dentin collagen with liquid-like amorphous calcium phosphate nanoprecursor particles that are stabilized by biomimetic analogs of noncollagenous proteins. METHODS This paper reviewed the changing concepts in calcium phosphate mineralization of fibrillar collagen, including the recently discovered, non-classical particle-based crystallization concept, formation of polymer-induced liquid-precursors (PILP), experimental collagen models for mineralization, and the need for using phosphate-containing biomimetic analogs for biomimetic mineralization of collagen. Published work on the remineralization of resin-dentin bonds and artificial caries-like lesions by various research groups was then reviewed. Finally, the problems and progress associated with the translation of a scientifically sound concept into a clinically applicable approach are discussed. RESULTS AND SIGNIFICANCE The particle-based biomimetic remineralization strategy based on the PILP process demonstrates great potential in remineralizing faulty hybrid layers or caries-like dentin. Based on this concept, research in the development of more clinically feasible dentin remineralization strategy, such as incorporating poly(anionic) acid-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate nanoprecursor-containing mesoporous silica nanofillers in dentin adhesives, may provide a promising strategy for increasing of the durability of resin-dentin bonding and remineralizing caries-affected dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Niu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - David H Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste and IGM-CNR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Abarrategi A, Fernandez-Valle ME, Desmet T, Castejón D, Civantos A, Moreno-Vicente C, Ramos V, Sanz-Casado JV, Martínez-Vázquez FJ, Dubruel P, Miranda P, López-Lacomba JL. Label-free magnetic resonance imaging to locate live cells in three-dimensional porous scaffolds. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:2321-31. [PMID: 22442095 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous scaffolds are widely tested materials used for various purposes in tissue engineering. A critical feature of a porous scaffold is its ability to allow cell migration and growth on its inner surface. Up to now, there has not been a method to locate live cells deep inside a material, or in an entire structure, using real-time imaging and a non-destructive technique. Herein, we seek to demonstrate the feasibility of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique as a method to detect and locate in vitro non-labelled live cells in an entire porous material. Our results show that the use of optimized MRI parameters (4.7 T; repetition time = 3000 ms; echo time = 20 ms; resolution 39 × 39 µm) makes it possible to obtain images of the scaffold structure and to locate live non-labelled cells in the entire material, with a signal intensity higher than that obtained in the culture medium. In the current study, cells are visualized and located in different kinds of porous scaffolds. Moreover, further development of this MRI method might be useful in several three-dimensional biomaterial tests such as cell distribution studies, routine qualitative testing methods and in situ monitoring of cells inside scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abarrategi
- Institute of Biofunctional Studies, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Lee JH, Chang J, Son HH. Effects of matrix metallproteinases on dentin bonding and strategies to increase durability of dentin adhesion. Restor Dent Endod 2012. [DOI: 10.5395/rde.2012.37.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhea Chang
- Clinic for Persons with Disabilities, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Hyun Son
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Novel mineral contrast agent for magnetic resonance studies of bone implants grown on a chick chorioallantoic membrane. Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 29:1244-54. [PMID: 21920685 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2011.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of tissue engineered constructs prior to implantation clearly demonstrate the utility of the MRI technique for studying the bone formation process. To test the utility of our MRI protocols for explant studies, we present a novel test platform in which osteoblast-seeded scaffolds were implanted on the chorioallantoic membrane of a chick embryo. Scaffolds from the following experimental groups were examined by high-resolution MRI: (a) cell-seeded implanted scaffolds (CIM), (b) unseeded implanted scaffolds (UCIM), (c) cell-seeded scaffolds in static culture (CIV) and (d) unseeded scaffolds in static culture (UCIV). The reduction in water proton transverse relaxation times and the concomitant increase in water proton magnetization transfer ratios for CIM and CIV scaffolds, compared to UCIV scaffolds, were consistent with the formation of a bone-like tissue within the polymer scaffold, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence microscopy. However, the presence of angiogenic vessels and fibrotic adhesions around UCIM scaffolds can confound MRI findings of bone deposition. Consequently, to improve the specificity of the MRI technique for detecting mineralized deposits within explanted tissue engineered bone constructs, we introduce a novel contrast agent that uses alendronate to target a Food and Drug Administration-approved MRI contrast agent (Gd-DOTA) to bone mineral. Our contrast agent termed GdALN was used to uniquely identify mineralized deposits in representative samples from our four experimental groups. After GdALN treatment, both CIM and CIV scaffolds, containing mineralized deposits, showed marked signal enhancement on longitudinal relaxation time-weighted (T1W) images compared to UCIV scaffolds. Relative to UCIV scaffolds, some enhancement was observed in T1W images of GdALN-treated UCIM scaffolds, subjacent to the dark adhesions at the scaffold surface, possibly from dystrophic mineral formed in the fibrotic adhesions. Notably, residual dark areas on T1W images of CIM and UCIM scaffolds were attributable to blood inside infiltrating vessels. In summary, we present the efficacy of GdALN for sensitizing the MRI technique to the deposition of mineralized deposits in explanted polymeric scaffolds.
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Liu Y, Li N, Qi YP, Dai L, Bryan TE, Mao J, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Intrafibrillar collagen mineralization produced by biomimetic hierarchical nanoapatite assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:975-80. [PMID: 21341310 PMCID: PMC3137871 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201003882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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17
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Liu Y, Tjäderhane L, Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Li N, Mao J, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Limitations in bonding to dentin and experimental strategies to prevent bond degradation. J Dent Res 2011; 90:953-68. [PMID: 21220360 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510391799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited durability of resin-dentin bonds severely compromises the lifetime of tooth-colored restorations. Bond degradation occurs via hydrolysis of suboptimally polymerized hydrophilic resin components and degradation of water-rich, resin-sparse collagen matrices by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins. This review examined data generated over the past three years on five experimental strategies developed by different research groups for extending the longevity of resin-dentin bonds. They include: (1) increasing the degree of conversion and esterase resistance of hydrophilic adhesives; (2) the use of broad-spectrum inhibitors of collagenolytic enzymes, including novel inhibitor functional groups grafted to methacrylate resins monomers to produce anti-MMP adhesives; (3) the use of cross-linking agents for silencing the activities of MMP and cathepsins that irreversibly alter the 3-D structures of their catalytic/allosteric domains; (4) ethanol wet-bonding with hydrophobic resins to completely replace water from the extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar collagen compartments and immobilize the collagenolytic enzymes; and (5) biomimetic remineralization of the water-filled collagen matrix using analogs of matrix proteins to progressively replace water with intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar apatites to exclude exogenous collagenolytic enzymes and fossilize endogenous collagenolytic enzymes. A combination of several of these strategies should result in overcoming the critical barriers to progress currently encountered in dentin bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hankou District, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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18
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Brackett MG, Li N, Brackett WW, Sword RJ, Qi YP, Niu LN, Pucci CR, Dib A, Pashley DH, Tay FR. The critical barrier to progress in dentine bonding with the etch-and-rinse technique. J Dent 2011; 39:238-48. [PMID: 21215788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 12/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The lack of durability in resin-dentine bonds led to the use of chlorhexidine as MMP-inhibitor to prevent the degradation of hybrid layers. Biomimetic remineralisation is a concept-proven approach in preventing the degradation of resin-dentine bonds. The purpose of this study is to examine the integrity of aged resin-dentine interfaces created with a nanofiller-containing etch-and-rinse adhesive after the application of these two approaches. METHODS The more established MMP-inhibition approach was examined using a parallel in vivo and in vitro ageing design to facilitate comparison with the biomimetic remineralisation approach using an in vitro ageing design. Specimens bonded without chlorhexidine exhibited extensive degradation of the hybrid layer after 12 months of in vivo ageing. RESULTS Dissolution of nanofillers could be seen within a water-rich zone within the adhesive layer. Although specimens bonded with chlorhexidine exhibited intact hybrid layers, water-rich regions remained in those hybrid layers and degradation of nanofillers occurred within the adhesive layer. Specimens subjected to in vitro biomimetic remineralisation followed by in vitro ageing demonstrated intrafibrillar collagen remineralisation within hybrid layers and deposition of mineral nanocrystals in nanovoids within the adhesive. CONCLUSIONS The impact was realized by understanding the lack of an inherent mechanism to remove water from resin-dentine interfaces as the critical barrier to progress in bonding with the etch-and-rinse technique. The experimental biomimetic remineralisation strategy offers a creative solution for incorporating a progressive hydration mechanism to achieve this goal, which warrants its translation into a clinically applicable technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Brackett
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
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19
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Kim J, Vaughn RM, Gu L, Rockman RA, Arola DD, Schafer TE, Choi KK, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Imperfect hybrid layers created by an aggressive one-step self-etch adhesive in primary dentin are amendable to biomimetic remineralization in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 93:1225-34. [PMID: 19768792 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of hybrid layers created in primary dentin occurs as early as 6 months in vivo. Biomimetic remineralization utilizes "bottom-up" nanotechnology principles for interfibrillar and intrafibrillar remineralization of collagen matrices. This study examined whether imperfect hybrid layers created in primary dentin can be remineralized. Coronal dentin surfaces were prepared from extracted primary molars and bonded using Adper Prompt L-Pop and a composite. One-millimeter-thick specimen slabs of the resin-dentin interface were immersed in a Portland cement-based remineralization medium that contained two biomimetic analogs to mimic the sequestration and templating functions of dentin noncollagenous proteins. Specimens were retrieved after 1-6 months. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used for evaluating the permeability of hybrid layers to Rhodamine B. Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the status of remineralization within hybrid layers. Remineralization at different locations of the hybrid layers corresponded with quenching of fluorescence within similar locations of those hybrid layers. Remineralization was predominantly intrafibrillar in nature as interfibrillar spaces were filled with adhesive resin. Biomimetic remineralization of imperfect hybrid layers in primary human dentin is a potential means for preserving bond integrity. The success of the current proof-of-concept, laterally diffusing remineralization protocol warrants development of a clinically applicable biomimetic remineralization delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongryul Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, KyungHee University, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Liu Y, Kim YK, Dai L, Li N, Khan SO, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Hierarchical and non-hierarchical mineralisation of collagen. Biomaterials 2010; 32:1291-300. [PMID: 21040969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Biomineralisation of collagen involves functional motifs incorporated in extracellular matrix protein molecules to accomplish the objectives of stabilising amorphous calcium phosphate into nanoprecursors and directing the nucleation and growth of apatite within collagen fibrils. Here we report the use of small inorganic polyphosphate molecules to template hierarchical intrafibrillar apatite assembly in reconstituted collagen in the presence of polyacrylic acid to sequester calcium and phosphate into transient amorphous nanophases. The use of polyphosphate without a sequestration analogue resulted only in randomly-oriented extrafibrillar precipitations along the fibrillar surface. Conversely, the use of polyacrylic acid without a templating analogue resulted only in non-hierarchical intrafibrillar mineralisation with continuous apatite strands instead of discrete crystallites. The ability of using simple non-protein molecules to recapitulate different levels of structural hierarchy in mineralised collagen signifies the ultimate simplicity in Nature's biomineralisation design principles and challenges the need for using more complex recombinant matrix proteins in bioengineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Jee SS, Thula TT, Gower LB. Development of bone-like composites via the polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process. Part 1: influence of polymer molecular weight. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:3676-86. [PMID: 20359554 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bone is an organic-inorganic composite consisting primarily of collagen fibrils and hydroxyapatite crystals intricately interlocked to provide skeletal and metabolic functions. Non-collagenous proteins (NCPs) are also present, and although only a minor component, the NCPs are thought to play an important role in modulating the mineralization process. During secondary bone formation, an interpenetrating structure is created by intrafibrillar mineralization of the collagen matrix. Many researchers have tried to develop bone-like collagen-hydroxyapatite (HA) composites via the conventional crystallization process of nucleation and growth. While those methods have been successful in inducing heterogeneous nucleation of HA on the surface of collagen scaffolds, they have failed to produce a composite with the interpenetrating nanostructured architecture of bone. Our group has shown that intrafibrillar mineralization of type I collagen can be achieved using a polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process. In this process, acidic polypeptides are included in the mineralization solution to mimic the function of the acidic NCPs, and in vitro studies have found that acidic peptides such as polyaspartate induce a liquid-phase amorphous mineral precursor. Using this PILP process, we have been able to prepare collagen-HA composites with the fundamental nanostructure of bone, wherein HA nanocrystals are embedded within the collagen fibrils. This study shows that through further optimization a very high degree of mineralization can be achieved, with compositions matching that of bone. Synthetic collagen sponges were mineralized with calcium phosphate while analyzing various parameters of the reaction, with the focus of this report on the molecular weight of the polymeric process-directing agent. In order to determine whether intrafibrillar mineralization was achieved, an in-depth characterization of the mineralized composites was performed, including wide-angle X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. The results of this work lead us closer to the development of bone-like collagen-HA composites that could become the next generation of synthetic bone grafts.
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Kim YK, Mai S, Mazzoni A, Liu Y, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Takahashi K, Zhang K, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Biomimetic remineralization as a progressive dehydration mechanism of collagen matrices--implications in the aging of resin-dentin bonds. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:3729-39. [PMID: 20304110 PMCID: PMC2901402 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 02/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomineralization is a dehydration process in which water from the intrafibrillar compartments of collagen fibrils are progressively replaced by apatites. As water is an important element that induces a lack of durability of resin-dentin bonds, this study has examined the use of a biomimetic remineralization strategy as a progressive dehydration mechanism to preserve joint integrity and maintain adhesive strength after ageing. Human dentin surfaces were bonded with dentin adhesives, restored with resin composites and sectioned into sticks containing the adhesive joint. Experimental specimens were aged in a biomimetic analog-containing remineralizing medium and control specimens in simulated body fluid for up to 12 months. Specimens retrieved after the designated periods were examined by transmission electron microscopy for the presence of water-rich regions using a silver tracer and for collagen degradation within the adhesive joints. Tensile testing was performed to determine the potential loss of bond integrity after ageing. Control specimens exhibited severe collagen degradation within the adhesive joint after ageing. Remineralized specimens exhibited progressive dehydration, as manifested by silver tracer reduction and partial remineralization of water-filled microchannels within the adhesive joint, as well as intrafibrillar remineralization of collagen fibrils that were demineralized initially as part of the bonding procedure. Biomimetic remineralization as a progressive dehydration mechanism of water-rich, resin-sparse collagen matrices enables these adhesive joints to resist degradation over a 12-month ageing period, as verified by the conservation of their tensile bond strength. The ability of the proof of concept biomimetic remineralization strategy to prevent bond degradation warrants further development of clinically relevant delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kyung Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2-188-1, Samduk-dong, Jung-gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sui Mai
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Rd., Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Rd., Wuhan, China
| | - Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkaisenkatu 2, Turku, Finland
| | - Kei Takahashi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Rd., Guangzhou, China
| | - David H. Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15 St., Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15 St., Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15 St., Augusta, GA, USA
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Kim J, Arola DD, Gu L, Kim YK, Mai S, Liu Y, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Functional biomimetic analogs help remineralize apatite-depleted demineralized resin-infiltrated dentin via a bottom-up approach. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:2740-50. [PMID: 20045745 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Revised: 11/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural biominerals are formed through metastable amorphous precursor phases via a bottom-up, nanoparticle-mediated mineralization mechanism. Using an acid-etched human dentin model to create a layer of completely demineralized collagen matrix, a bio-inspired mineralization scheme has been developed based on the use of dual biomimetic analogs. These analogs help to sequester fluidic amorphous calcium phosphate nanoprecursors and function as templates for guiding homogeneous apatite nucleation within the collagen fibrils. By adopting this scheme for remineralizing adhesive resin-bonded, completely demineralized dentin, we have been able to redeposit intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar apatites in completely demineralized collagen matrices that are imperfectly infiltrated by resins. This study utilizes a spectrum of completely and partially demineralized dentin collagen matrices to further validate the necessity for using a biomimetic analog-containing medium for remineralizing resin-infiltrated partially demineralized collagen matrices in which remnant seed crystallites are present. In control specimens in which biomimetic analogs are absent from the remineralization medium, remineralization could only be seen in partially demineralized collagen matrices, probably by epitaxial growth via a top-down crystallization approach. Conversely, in the presence of biomimetic analogs in the remineralization medium, intrafibrillar remineralization of completely demineralized collagen matrices via a bottom-up crystallization mechanism can additionally be identified. The latter is characterized by the transition of intrafibrillar minerals from an inchoate state of continuously braided microfibrillar electron-dense amorphous strands to discrete nanocrystals, and ultimately into larger crystalline platelets within the collagen fibrils. Biomimetic remineralization via dual biomimetic analogs has the potential to be translated into a functional delivery system for salvaging failing resin-dentin bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongryul Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seou, South Korea
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Kim J, Gu L, Breschi L, Tjäderhane L, Choi KK, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Implication of ethanol wet-bonding in hybrid layer remineralization. J Dent Res 2010; 89:575-80. [PMID: 20200419 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510363380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During mineralization, unbound water within the collagen matrix is replaced by apatite. This study tested the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the status of in vitro biomimetic remineralization of hybrid layers, regardless of their moisture contents. Acid-etched dentin was bonded with One-Step with ethanol-wet-bonding, water-wet-bonding, and water-overwet-bonding protocols. Composite-dentin slabs were subjected to remineralization for 1-4 months in a medium containing dual biomimetic analogs, with set Portland cement as the calcium source and characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Remineralization was either non-existent or restricted to the intrafibrillar mode in ethanol-wet-bonded specimens. Extensive intrafibrillar and interfibrillar remineralization was observed in water-wet-bonded specimens. Water-overwet specimens demonstrated partial remineralization of hybrid layers and precipitation of mineralized plates within water channels. The use of ethanol-wet-bonding substantiates that biomimetic remineralization is a progressive dehydration process that replaces residual water in hybrid layers with apatite crystallites.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Springer F, Martirosian P, Machann J, Schwenzer NF, Claussen CD, Schick F. Magnetization transfer contrast imaging in bovine and human cortical bone applying an ultrashort echo time sequence at 3 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 2009; 61:1040-8. [PMID: 19267348 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Springer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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