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Butz H, Patócs A, Igaz P. Circulating non-coding RNA biomarkers of endocrine tumours. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01005-8. [PMID: 38886617 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Circulating non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules are being investigated as biomarkers of malignancy, prognosis and follow-up in several neoplasms, including endocrine tumours of the pituitary, parathyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands. Most of these tumours are classified as neuroendocrine neoplasms (comprised of neuroendocrine tumours and neuroendocrine carcinomas) and include tumours of variable aggressivity. We consider them together here in this Review owing to similarities in their clinical presentation, pathomechanism and genetic background. No preoperative biomarkers of malignancy are available for several forms of these endocrine tumours. Moreover, biomarkers are also needed for the follow-up of tumour progression (especially in hormonally inactive tumours), prognosis and treatment efficacy monitoring. Circulating blood-borne ncRNAs show promising utility as biomarkers. These ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, are involved in several aspects of gene expression regulation, and their stability and tissue-specific expression could make them ideal biomarkers. However, no circulating ncRNA biomarkers have yet been introduced into routine clinical practice, which is mostly owing to methodological and standardization problems. In this Review, following a brief synopsis of these endocrine tumours and the biology of ncRNAs, the major research findings, pathomechanisms and methodological questions are discussed along with an outlook for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- HUN-REN-SU Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patócs
- HUN-REN-SU Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Igaz
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Elsakka EGE, Elshafei A, Elkady MA, Yehia AM, Abulsoud AI, Shahin RK, Abdelmaksoud NM, Elkhawaga SY, Ismail A, Mokhtar MM, Elrebehy MA, Hegazy M, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, El-Mahdy HA, Doghish AS. From diagnosis to resistance: a symphony of miRNAs in pheochromocytoma progression and treatment response. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1957-1969. [PMID: 37801146 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a neuroendocrine tumor that produces and secretes catecholamine from either the adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal locations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) can be used as biomarkers to detect cancer or the return of a previously treated disease. Blood-borne miRNAs might be envisioned as noninvasive markers of malignancy or prognosis, and new studies demonstrate that microRNAs are released in body fluids as well as tissues. MiRNAs have the potential to be therapeutic targets, which would greatly increase the restricted therapy options for adrenal tumors. This article aims to consolidate and synthesize the most recent studies on miRNAs in PCC, discussing their potential clinical utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers while also addressing their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshafei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed Yehia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt
| | - Reem K Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mohamed Mokhtar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maghawry Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt.
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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3
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Elkhawaga SY, Elshafei A, Elkady MA, Yehia AM, Abulsoud AI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Elsakka EGE, Ismail A, Mokhtar MM, El-Mahdy HA, Hegazy M, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, Elrebehy MA, Shahin RK, Zaki MB, Doghish AS. Possible role of miRNAs in pheochromocytoma pathology - Signaling pathways interaction. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154856. [PMID: 37806171 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a type of neuroendocrine tumor that originates from adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal chromaffin cells and results in the production of catecholamine. Paroxysmal hypertension and cardiovascular crises were among the clinical signs experienced by people with PCC. Five-year survival of advanced-stage PCC is just around 40% despite the identification of various molecular-level fundamentals implicated in these pathogenic pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are a type of short, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that attach to the 3'-UTR of a target mRNA, causing translational inhibition or mRNA degradation. Evidence is mounting that miRNA dysregulation plays a role in the development, progression, and treatment of cancers like PCC. Hence, this study employs a comprehensive and expedited survey to elucidate the potential role of miRNAs in the development of PCC, surpassing their association with survival rates and treatment options in this particular malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshafei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed Yehia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mohamed Mokhtar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Maghawry Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Reem K Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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Eid M, Foukal J, Sochorová D, Tuček Š, Starý K, Kala Z, Mayer J, Němeček R, Trna J, Kunovský L. Management of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: Review of current diagnosis and treatment options. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37145019 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors derived from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. When these tumors have an extra-adrenal location, they are called paragangliomas (PGLs) and arise from sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia, particularly of the para-aortic location. Up to 25% of PCCs/PGLs are associated with inherited genetic disorders. The majority of PCCs/PGLs exhibit indolent behavior. However, according to their affiliation to molecular clusters based on underlying genetic aberrations, their tumorigenesis, location, clinical symptomatology, and potential to metastasize are heterogenous. Thus, PCCs/PGLs are often associated with diagnostic difficulties. In recent years, extensive research revealed a broad genetic background and multiple signaling pathways leading to tumor development. Along with this, the diagnostic and therapeutic options were also expanded. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge and recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of PCCs/PGLs with respect to the underlying gene alterations while also discussing future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Eid
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Foukal
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Sochorová
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Tuček
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Starý
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Mayer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Němeček
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trna
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lumír Kunovský
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology and Geriatrics, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Overexpression of miR-375 and L-type Amino Acid Transporter 1 in Pheochromocytoma and Their Molecular and Functional Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052413. [PMID: 35269556 PMCID: PMC8910416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma (Pheo) is a tumor derived from chromaffin cells. It can be studied using 18F-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)—positron emission tomography (PET) due to its overexpression of L-type amino acid transporters (LAT1 and LAT2). The oncogenic pathways involved are still poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between 18F-DOPA-PET uptake and LAT1 expression, and we explored the role of miR-375 and putative target genes. A consecutive series of 58 Pheo patients were retrospectively analyzed, performing 18F-DOPA-PET in 32/58 patients. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to assess the expression of LAT1, LAT2, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), miR-375, and the major components of the Hippo and Wingless/Integrated pathways. Principal germline mutations associated with hereditary Pheo were also studied. Pheo tissues had significantly higher LAT1, LAT2, and PNMT mRNA levels than normal adrenal tissues. MiR-375 was strongly overexpressed. Yes-associated protein 1 and tankyrase 1 were upregulated, while beta-catenin, axin2, monocarboxylate transporter 8, and Frizzled 8 were downregulated. A positive relationship was found between 18F-DOPA-PET SUV mean and LAT1 gene expression and for 24 h-urinary norepinephrine and LAT1. This is the first experimental evidence of 18F-DOPA uptake correlating with LAT1 overexpression. We also demonstrated miR-375 overexpression and downregulated (Wnt) signaling and identified the Hippo pathway as a new potentially oncogenic feature of Pheo.
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The Role of the Metabolome and Non-Coding RNA on Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas: An Update. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020131. [PMID: 35208206 PMCID: PMC8880811 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors. In some patients they exhibit malignant behavior characterized by the presence of metastases, limiting treatment options and survival rates. Therapeutic options are limited to surgery, localized radiotherapy, and a few systemic therapies. However, in several recent studies, non-coding RNA molecules are gaining increasing attention as markers of malignancy for PPGL. The understanding of PPGL development molecular mechanisms has improved in the last years, with some of the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms such as DNA and histones methylation, being better understood than RNA-based mechanisms. Metabolome deregulation in PPGL, with increased synthesis of molecules that facilitated tumor growth, results from the activation of hypoxia signaling pathways, affecting tumorigenesis. In addition, the assessment of these metabolites can be useful for the management of these tumors. This review summarizes recent discoveries linking metabolome and non-coding RNA to PPGL and their relevance for diagnosis and therapeutics.
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Ghosal S, Zhu B, Huynh TT, Meuter L, Jha A, Talvacchio S, Knue M, Patel M, Prodanov T, Das S, Zeiger MA, Nilubol N, Shankavaram UT, Taieb D, Pacak K. A long noncoding RNA-microRNA expression signature predicts metastatic signature in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Endocrine 2022; 75:244-253. [PMID: 34536193 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In hopes of discovering new markers for metastatic or aggressive phenotypes of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PCPG), we analyzed the noncoding transcriptome from patient gene expression data in The Cancer Genome Atlas. METHODS Differential expression of miRNAs was observed between PCPG molecular subtypes. We specifically characterized candidate miRNAs that are upregulated in pseudohypoxic PCPGs with mutations in succinate dehydrogenase complex subunits, B and/or D (SDHB and/or SDHD, respectively), which are mutations associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. RESULTS Our computational analysis identified four candidate miRNAs that showed elevated expression in metastatic compared to non-metastatic PCPGs: miR-182, miR-183, miR-96, and miR-383. We also found six candidate lncRNAs harboring opposite expression patterns from the miRNAs when we analyzed the expression profiles of their predicted target lncRNAs. Three of these lncRNA candidates, USP3-AS1, LINC00877, and AC009312.1, were validated to have reduced expression in metastatic compared to non-metastatic PCPGs. Finally, using univariate and multivariate analysis, we found miRNA miR-182 to be an independent predictor of metastasis-free survival in PCPGs. CONCLUSIONS We identified candidate miRNA and lncRNAs associated with metastasis-free survival in PCPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ghosal
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Boqun Zhu
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Thanh-Truc Huynh
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Leah Meuter
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Abhishek Jha
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sara Talvacchio
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marianne Knue
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mayank Patel
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tamara Prodanov
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shaoli Das
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Martha A Zeiger
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Uma T Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David Taieb
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- European Center for Research in Medical Imaging, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Zunguo D, Ying Z, Ji X, Yin W, Bo Y. Paraganglioma of the cauda equina: A clinicopathologic study of 12 cases with demonstration of cytokeratin positivity. Ann Diagn Pathol 2022; 57:151887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Snezhkina A, Pavlov V, Dmitriev A, Melnikova N, Kudryavtseva A. Potential Biomarkers of Metastasizing Paragangliomas and Pheochromocytomas. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1179. [PMID: 34833055 PMCID: PMC8619623 DOI: 10.3390/life11111179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from paraganglionic tissue in many sites of the body. Most PPGLs are characterized by nonaggressive behavior but all of them have the potential to metastasize. PPGLs represent a great diagnostic dilemma as it is difficult to recognize tumors that are likely to be metastasizing; criteria of malignancy can be found both in benign and metastatic forms. This review aims to analyze the current knowledge of the nature of metastasizing PPGLs paying particular attention to head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs). Potential predictors of the malignancy risk for PPGLs were summarized and discussed. These data may also help in the development of diagnostic and prognostic strategies, as well as in the identification of novel potential therapeutic targets for patients with PPGLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Snezhkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.P.); (A.D.); (N.M.)
| | | | | | | | - Anna Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.P.); (A.D.); (N.M.)
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A Critical Appraisal of Contemporary and Novel Biomarkers in Pheochromocytomas and Adrenocortical Tumors. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070580. [PMID: 34201922 PMCID: PMC8301201 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGLs) and adrenocortical tumors are neoplasms that originate from different regions of the adrenal gland and display significant heterogeneity with respect to their biological and clinical behavior. They may be sporadic or develop in the context of hereditary syndromes. Adrenocortical tumors are mostly benign but less than 2% are carcinomas associated with a poor outcome when diagnosed in advanced disease. The majority of PPGLS are benign, but a subset may develop metastatic disease. In particular, for PPGLs, it is mandatory to identify biomarkers of high sensitivity and specificity that lead to accurate diagnosis and predict patients with a malignant potential that would benefit from aggressive surveillance and administration of early treatment. Current biomarkers include mostly histopathological and genetic parameters but none of them can be considered independent predictive factors. Recent genomic studies have implemented new molecular biomarkers of high accuracy for the diagnosis and management of PPGLs and adrenocortical tumors. In this review, we summarize the current and novel biomarkers that may be considered valuable tools for diagnosis and prediction of malignancy in patients with PPGLs and adrenocortical tumors. Abstract Pheochromocytomas/Paragangliomas (PPGLs) and adrenocortical tumors are rare neoplasms with significant heterogeneity in their biologic and clinical behavior. Current diagnostic and predictive biomarkers include hormone secretion, as well as histopathological and genetic features. PPGL diagnosis is based on biochemical measurement of catecholamines/metanephrines, while histopathological scoring systems have been proposed to predict the risk of malignancy. Adrenocortical tumors are mostly benign, but some can be malignant. Currently, the stage of disease at diagnosis and tumor grade, appear to be the most powerful prognostic factors. However, recent genomic and proteomic studies have identified new genetic and circulating biomarkers, including genes, immunohistochemical markers and micro-RNAs that display high specificity and sensitivity as diagnostic or prognostic tools. In addition, new molecular classifications have been proposed that divide adrenal tumors in distinct subgroups with different clinical outcomes.
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Essential Role of the 14q32 Encoded miRNAs in Endocrine Tumors. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050698. [PMID: 34066712 PMCID: PMC8151414 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 14q32 cluster is among the largest polycistronic miRNA clusters. miRNAs encoded here have been implicated in tumorigenesis of multiple organs including endocrine glands. METHODS Critical review of miRNA studies performed in endocrine tumors have been performed. The potential relevance of 14q32 miRNAs through investigating their targets, and integrating the knowledge provided by literature data and bioinformatics predictions have been indicated. RESULTS Pituitary adenoma, papillary thyroid cancer and a particular subset of pheochromocytoma and adrenocortical cancer are characterized by the downregulation of miRNAs encoded by the 14q32 cluster. Pancreas neuroendocrine tumors, most of the adrenocortical cancer and medullary thyroid cancer are particularly distinct, as 14q32 miRNAs were overexpressed. In pheochromocytoma and growth-hormone producing pituitary adenoma, however, both increased and decreased expression of 14q32 miRNAs cluster members were observed. In the background of this phenomenon methodological, technical and biological factors are hypothesized and discussed. The functions of 14q32 miRNAs were also revealed by bioinformatics and literature data mining. CONCLUSIONS 14q32 miRNAs have a significant role in the tumorigenesis of endocrine organs. Regarding their stable expression in the circulation of healthy individuals, further investigation of 14q32 miRNAs could provide a potential for use as biomarkers (diagnostic or prognostic) in endocrine neoplasms.
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12
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MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and Circular RNAs: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071522. [PMID: 33810219 PMCID: PMC8036642 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Around 40% of pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGL) harbor germline mutations, representing the highest heritability among human tumors. All PPGL have metastatic potential, but metastatic PPGL is overall rare. There is no available molecular marker for the metastatic potential of these tumors, and the diagnosis of metastatic PPGL can only be established if metastases are found at "extra-chromaffin" sites. In the era of precision medicine with individually targeted therapies and advanced care of patients, the treatment options for metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma are still limited. With this review we would like to nurture the idea of the quest for non-coding ribonucleic acids as an area to be further investigated in tumor biology. Non-coding RNA molecules encompassing microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various tumors, and were also proposed as valuable diagnostic, prognostic factors, and even potential treatment targets. Given the fact that the pathogenesis of tumors including pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas is linked to epigenetic dysregulation, it is reasonable to conduct studies related to their epigenetic expression profiles and in this brief review we present a synopsis of currently available findings on the relevance of these molecules in these tumors highlighting their diagnostic potential.
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13
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Papathomas TG, Suurd DPD, Pacak K, Tischler AS, Vriens MR, Lam AK, de Krijger RR. What Have We Learned from Molecular Biology of Paragangliomas and Pheochromocytomas? Endocr Pathol 2021; 32:134-153. [PMID: 33433885 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-020-09658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular genetics and genomics have led to increased understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). Thus, pan-genomic studies now provide a comprehensive integrated genomic analysis of PPGLs into distinct molecularly defined subtypes concordant with tumour genotypes. In addition, new embryological discoveries have refined the concept of how normal paraganglia develop, potentially establishing a developmental basis for genotype-phenotype correlations for PPGLs. The challenge for modern pathology is to translate these scientific discoveries into routine practice, which will be based largely on histopathology for the foreseeable future. Here, we review recent progress concerning the cell of origin and molecular pathogenesis of PPGLs, including pathogenetic mechanisms, genetic susceptibility and molecular classification. The current roles and tools of pathologists are considered from a histopathological perspective, including differential diagnoses, genotype-phenotype correlations and the use of immunohistochemistry in identifying hereditary predisposition and validating genetic variants of unknown significance. Current and potential molecular prognosticators are also presented with the hope that predictive molecular biomarkers will be integrated into risk stratification scoring systems to assess the metastatic potential of these intriguing neoplasms and identify potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Papathomas
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Gloucestershire Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Cheltenham General Hospital, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, UK
| | - Diederik P D Suurd
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arthur S Tischler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Menno R Vriens
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred K Lam
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
- Pathology Queensland, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Ronald R de Krijger
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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14
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Vetrivel S, Zhang R, Engel M, Altieri B, Braun L, Osswald A, Bidlingmaier M, Fassnacht M, Beuschlein F, Reincke M, Chen A, Sbiera S, Riester A. Circulating microRNA Expression in Cushing's Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:620012. [PMID: 33692756 PMCID: PMC7937959 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.620012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare disease of endogenous hypercortisolism associated with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis and classification of CS is still challenging. Objective Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are minimally invasive diagnostic markers. Our aim was to characterize the circulating miRNA profiles of CS patients and to identify distinct profiles between the two major CS subtypes. Methods We included three groups of patients from the German Cushing's registry: ACTH-independent CS (Cortisol-Producing-Adenoma; CPA), ACTH-dependent pituitary CS (Cushing's Disease; CD), and patients in whom CS had been ruled out (controls). Profiling of miRNAs was performed by next-generation-sequencing (NGS) in serum samples of 15 CS patients (each before and after curative surgery) and 10 controls. Significant miRNAs were first validated by qPCR in the discovery cohort and then in an independent validation cohort of 20 CS patients and 11 controls. Results NGS identified 411 circulating miRNAs. Differential expression of 14 miRNAs were found in the pre- and postoperative groups. qPCR in the discovery cohort validated 5 of the significant miRNAs from the preoperative group analyses. Only, miR-182-5p was found to be significantly upregulated in the CD group of the validation cohort. Comparing all CS samples as a group with the controls did not reveal any significant differences in expression. Outcome In conclusion, our study identified miR-182-5p as a possible biomarker for CD, which has to be validated in a prospective cohort. Furthermore, our results suggest that presence or absence of ACTH might be at least as relevant for miRNA expression as hypercortisolism itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmilee Vetrivel
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Mareen Engel
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leah Braun
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Osswald
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Bidlingmaier
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, Universitätsspital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Reincke
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Riester
- Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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15
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Castro-Vega LJ, Calsina B, Burnichon N, Drossart T, Martínez-Montes ÁM, Verkarre V, Amar L, Bertherat J, Rodríguez-Antona C, Favier J, Robledo M, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP. Overexpression of miR-483-5p is confined to metastases and linked to high circulating levels in patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e260. [PMID: 33377638 PMCID: PMC7752161 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Jaime Castro-Vega
- INSERM, PARCC, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Bruna Calsina
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nelly Burnichon
- INSERM, PARCC, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris University, Paris, France.,Genetics Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Tom Drossart
- INSERM, PARCC, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris University, Paris, France.,Genetics Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Ángel M Martínez-Montes
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginie Verkarre
- INSERM, PARCC, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris University, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Amar
- INSERM, PARCC, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris University, Paris, France.,Hypertension unit, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Paris University, INSERM, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Antona
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Favier
- INSERM, PARCC, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo
- INSERM, PARCC, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris University, Paris, France.,Genetics Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, Paris, France
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16
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Kövesdi A, Kurucz PA, Nyírő G, Darvasi O, Patócs A, Butz H. Circulating miRNA Increases the Diagnostic Accuracy of Chromogranin A in Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092488. [PMID: 32887459 PMCID: PMC7565801 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite its varying sensitivity and decreased specificity, chromogranin A (CgA) is the most widely used biomarker for neuroendocrine tumors. The most common factor affecting its diagnostic accuracy is the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Our aim was to investigate circulating miRNA expression profiles in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) and pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGL) to find miRNAs which could be used as biomarkers along with CgA in these patients. MiRNA expression profiles were determined with next generation sequencing and validated by quantitative real time PCR in 74 samples obtained from patients and healthy volunteers treated with PPI. We observed a global downregulation of miRNAs in NET compared to controls. A set of miRNAs in combination with CgA resulted in the best discrimination of pNET irrespective of PPI treatment and a combination of miRNAs increased the diagnostic utility of CgA even in pNET patients with low CgA. Abstract Chromogranin A (CgA) is the most widely accepted biomarker for neuroendocrine tumors (NET) but its diagnostic accuracy is dependent on tumor type and the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI). We investigated the diagnostic value of circulating miRNAs along with CgA in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET). 74 serum samples from patients with pNET (n = 25, nonfunctioning), pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL, n = 20), healthy individuals with normal CgA (n = 29) including 10 samples from 5 healthy individuals with and without current PPI treatment were collected. MiRNA expression profiles were determined using next-generation sequencing, followed by validation with individual TaqMan assays. A global downregulation of miRNAs was observed in patients with NET compared to controls. MiRNA expression of 33 miRNAs was able to discriminate tumor samples from controls. No miRNA alone could be considered as an applicable biomarker for pNET or PPGL. However, using a logistic model, the combination of a set of miRNAs increased the discriminatory role of CgA irrespective of PPI treatment. In pNET patients with normal CgA level our regression model yielded high (89.4%) diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.904, sensitivity: 66.6%, specificity: 96.5%). A set of miRNAs increased the diagnostic utility of CgA in pNET even in patients with low CgA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Kövesdi
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Petra Anna Kurucz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.A.K.); (H.B.)
| | - Gábor Nyírő
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ottó Darvasi
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.A.K.); (H.B.)
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Henriett Butz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.A.K.); (H.B.)
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
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17
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Job S, Georges A, Burnichon N, Buffet A, Amar L, Bertherat J, Bouatia-Naji N, de Reyniès A, Drui D, Lussey-Lepoutre C, Favier J, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Castro-Vega LJ. Transcriptome Analysis of lncRNAs in Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5611198. [PMID: 31678991 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are neuroendocrine tumors explained by germline or somatic mutations in about 70% of cases. Patients with SDHB mutations are at high risk of developing metastatic disease, yet no reliable tumor biomarkers are available to predict tumor aggressiveness. OBJECTIVE We aimed at identifying long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) specific for PPGL molecular groups and metastatic progression. DESIGN AND METHODS To analyze the expression of lncRNAs, we used a mining approach of transcriptome data from a well-characterized series of 187 tumor tissues. Clustering consensus analysis was performed to determine a lncRNA-based classification, and informative transcripts were validated in an independent series of 51 PPGLs. The expression of metastasis-related lncRNAs was confirmed by RT-qPCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to estimate the predictive accuracy of potential markers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Univariate/multivariate and metastasis-free survival (MFS) analyses were carried out for the assessment of risk factors and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Four lncRNA-based subtypes strongly correlated with mRNA expression clusters (chi-square P-values from 1.38 × 10-32 to 1.07 × 10-67). We identified one putative lncRNA (GenBank: BC063866) that accurately discriminates metastatic from benign tumors in patients with SDHx mutations (area under the curve 0.95; P = 4.59 × 10-05). Moreover, this transcript appeared as an independent risk factor associated with poor clinical outcome of SDHx carriers (log-rank test P = 2.29 × 10-05). CONCLUSION Our findings extend the spectrum of transcriptional dysregulations in PPGL to lncRNAs and provide a novel biomarker that could be useful to identify potentially metastatic tumors in patients carrying SDHx mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Job
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Georges
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Nelly Burnichon
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Genetics department, AP-HP, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris France
| | - Alexandre Buffet
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Amar
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Hypertension unit, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France. 10 CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, Paris, France
| | - Nabila Bouatia-Naji
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien de Reyniès
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Drui
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, L'institut du Thorax, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Hôpital Nord Laënnec, Nantes, France
| | - Charlotte Lussey-Lepoutre
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of nuclear medicine, Paris, France
| | - Judith Favier
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Genetics department, AP-HP, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris France
- Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, Paris, France
| | - Luis Jaime Castro-Vega
- Paris University, PARCC, INSERM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
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18
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Wang Y, Li M, Deng H, Pang Y, Liu L, Guan X. The systems of metastatic potential prediction in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:769-780. [PMID: 32266090 PMCID: PMC7136918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arising from the adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal autonomic ganglia. Traditionally, PPGL was classified as benign or malignant based on the presence of distant metastasis at the time of initial surgery. However, according to WHO 2017 Classification of Tumors of Endocrine Organs, all PPGL has metastatic potential. The term "metastatic" is used, replacing "malignant" in this group of tumors. The prediction of PPGL's metastatic potential is a clinical concern, although many relevant indicators such as genetics, histology, pathology and molecular biology markers have been proved to be related to the metastasis of PPGL, but none of them is 100% predictive; various types of prediction systems had been created, but previous studies had demonstrated that they still need to be validated in multicenter studies. There is no unified clinical standard to differentiate metastatic from non-metastatic and a highly effective prediction system is of urgent need. In this review, we summarized all reported prediction systems, including the PASS system, the GAPP system, the COPPs system and the ASES system. Additional potential indicators that related to metastatic PPGL were also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNO. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNO. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Hao Deng
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNO. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yingxian Pang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNO. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Longfei Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNO. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNo. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNO. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityNo. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P. R. China
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19
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Calsina B, Castro-Vega LJ, Torres-Pérez R, Inglada-Pérez L, Currás-Freixes M, Roldán-Romero JM, Mancikova V, Letón R, Remacha L, Santos M, Burnichon N, Lussey-Lepoutre C, Rapizzi E, Graña O, Álvarez-Escolá C, de Cubas AA, Lanillos J, Cordero-Barreal A, Martínez-Montes ÁM, Bellucci A, Amar L, Fernandes-Rosa FL, Calatayud M, Aller J, Lamas C, Sastre-Marcos J, Canu L, Korpershoek E, Timmers HJ, Lenders JWM, Beuschlein F, Fassnacht-Capeller M, Eisenhofer G, Mannelli M, Al-Shahrour F, Favier J, Rodríguez-Antona C, Cascón A, Montero-Conde C, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Robledo M. Integrative multi-omics analysis identifies a prognostic miRNA signature and a targetable miR-21-3p/TSC2/mTOR axis in metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:4946-4958. [PMID: 31410193 PMCID: PMC6691382 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that present variable outcomes. To date, no effective therapies or reliable prognostic markers are available for patients who develop metastatic PPGL (mPPGL). Our aim was to discover robust prognostic markers validated through in vitro models, and define specific therapeutic options according to tumor genomic features. Methods: We analyzed three PPGL miRNome datasets (n=443), validated candidate markers and assessed them in serum samples (n=36) to find a metastatic miRNA signature. An integrative study of miRNome, transcriptome and proteome was performed to find miRNA targets, which were further characterized in vitro. Results: A signature of six miRNAs (miR-21-3p, miR-183-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-96-5p, miR-551b-3p, and miR-202-5p) was associated with metastatic risk and time to progression. A higher expression of five of these miRNAs was also detected in PPGL patients' liquid biopsies compared with controls. The combined expression of miR-21-3p/miR-183-5p showed the best power to predict metastasis (AUC=0.804, P=4.67·10-18), and was found associated in vitro with pro-metastatic features, such as neuroendocrine-mesenchymal transition phenotype, and increased cell migration rate. A pan-cancer multi-omic integrative study correlated miR-21-3p levels with TSC2 expression, mTOR pathway activation, and a predictive signature for mTOR inhibitor-sensitivity in PPGLs and other cancers. Likewise, we demonstrated in vitro a TSC2 repression and an enhanced rapamycin sensitivity upon miR-21-3p expression. Conclusions: Our findings support the assessment of miR-21-3p/miR-183-5p, in tumors and liquid biopsies, as biomarkers for risk stratification to improve the PPGL patients' management. We propose miR-21-3p to select mPPGL patients who may benefit from mTOR inhibitors.
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20
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Butz H, Patócs A. MicroRNAs in endocrine tumors. EJIFCC 2019; 30:146-164. [PMID: 31263390 PMCID: PMC6599198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, protein noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Their role is considered to set the gene expression to the optimal level, or in other words to provide "fine tuning" of gene expression. They regulate essential physiological processes such as differentiation, cell growth, apoptosis and their role is known in tumor development too. At tissue level differential miRNA expression in endocrine disorders including endocrine malignancies has also been reported. A new era of miRNAs-related research started when miRNAs were successfully detected outside of cells, in biofluids, in cell-free environments. Their significant role has been demonstrated in cell-cell communication in tumor biology. Due to their stability circulating miRNAs can serve as potential biomarkers. In common diseases circulating miRNAs can be potentially proposed as screening biomarkers and they are also useful to detect tumor recurrence hence they can be applied in post-surgery follow-up too. MiRNAs as diagnostic markers can also be helpful at tissue level when certain histology diagnosis is challenging. Beside diagnosis, tissue miRNAs have the potential to predict prognosis. Intensive research is carried out regarding endocrine tumors as well in terms of miRNAs. However, until now miRNAs as biomarkers do not applied in routine diagnostics, probably due to the challenging preanalytics. In this review we summarized tissue and circulating miRNAs found in thyroid, adrenal, pituitary and neuroendocrine tumors. We aimed to highlight the most important, selected miRNAs with potential diagnostic and prognostic value both in tissue and circulation. Common miRNAs across different endocrine neoplasms are summarized and miRNAs enriched at 14q31 locus are also highlighted suggesting their general role in tumorigenesis of endocrine glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, „Lendulet˝ Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, Deparment of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, „Lendulet˝ Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, Deparment of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary,Corresponding author: Attila Patocs Semmelweis University Department of Laboratory Medicine Szentkiralyi Street 46 Budapest, H-1088 Hungary E-mail:
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Circulating microRNAs represent promising minimally invasive markers of several diseases including tumors. As the preoperative diagnosis of different adrenal tumors is difficult, for example, diagnosis of adrenocortical or adrenomedullary malignancy, circulating microRNAs might be helpful in their clinical management. RECENT FINDINGS Observations regarding the applicability of circulating microRNAs isolated both from unfractionated plasma or serum and from extracellular vesicle preparations for the diagnosis of adrenocortical malignancy have been published. Data show that circulating microRNA might be exploited for monitoring adrenocortical cancer progression. Circulating microRNA profiles of adrenal myelolipoma have also been published that might be useful for differentiating adrenocortical cancer and adrenal myelolipoma in dubious cases. SUMMARY In this review, recent advances in the field of circulating microRNAs in adrenal tumors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Igaz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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22
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Ruff SM, Ayabe RI, Malekzadeh P, Good ML, Wach MM, Gonzales MK, Tirosh A, Nilubol N, Pacak K, Kebebew E, Patel D. MicroRNA-210 May Be a Preoperative Biomarker of Malignant Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas. J Surg Res 2019; 243:1-7. [PMID: 31146085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, no reliable predictive clinical or laboratory tests exist that can accurately distinguish between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas (PPGLs). The aim of this study was to investigate if serum microRNA-210 (miR-210) levels could be a marker of malignancy in patients with PPGLs. METHODS Preoperative serum from patients with PPGLs was collected on the day of surgery. Clinical demographics, germline mutation status, primary tumor size, postoperative biochemical response, and the development of malignant disease were prospectively collected. Total microRNA was extracted from preoperative serum samples, and miR-210 levels were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and normalized to miR-16. Prognostic variables were compared using univariable and multivariable analyses. RESULTS Of the 35 patients, 10 (29%) were diagnosed with malignant PPGLs and 25 patients (71%) were diagnosed with benign PPGLs (median follow-up 72.5 mo). Sixty-nine percent of patients had a pheochromocytoma (n = 24/35) compared with 31% of patients with paraganglioma (n = 11/35). The most common germline mutation was succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit B (SDHB) (n = 10). On univariable analysis, lower serum miR-210 expression level (2.3 ± 0.5 versus 3.1 ± 1.2, P = 0.013) and larger primary tumor size (6.7 ± 5.0 cm versus 4.1 ± 2.3 cm, P = 0.043) were significantly associated with malignant disease. No significant prognostic variables were found on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study, low serum miR-210 expression levels and large primary tumors were identified to be markers of PPGL malignancy on univariable analysis. Given the initial encouraging results in a small cohort, further investigation is warranted to determine if serum miR-210 levels are prognostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Ruff
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Reed I Ayabe
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Parisa Malekzadeh
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meghan L Good
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael M Wach
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Melissa K Gonzales
- Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amit Tirosh
- Neuroendocrine Tumors Service, Sheba Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karel Pacak
- Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Dhaval Patel
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
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23
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Gómez R, Hernaiz M, de Miguel V, Aparicio L, Marín M, Lupi S, Barontini M. Enfoque diagnóstico de feocromocitomas y paragangliomas. HIPERTENSION Y RIESGO VASCULAR 2019; 36:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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24
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Abstract
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are neuroendocrine tumors arising in the medullae of the adrenal glands or in paraganglia. The knowledge of the tumor biology of these lesions has increased dramatically during the past two decades and more than a dozen recurrently mutated genes have been identified. Different clusters have been described that share epigenetic signatures. Mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit genes play a pivotal role in reprogramming the epigenetic state of these tumors by inhibiting epigenetic regulators such as TET enzymes and histone demethylases. Another subgroup of tumors carries hypomethylated genomes, and overexpression of several micro-RNAs has been described. While much remains to be investigated regarding the epigenetics of PPGLs, it is clear that it plays an important role in PPGL biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Björklund
- Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Samuel Backman
- Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Zhou W, Yang W, Ma J, Zhang H, Li Z, Zhang L, Liu J, Han Z, Wang H, Hong L. Role of miR-483 in digestive tract cancers: from basic research to clinical value. J Cancer 2018; 9:407-414. [PMID: 29344287 PMCID: PMC5771348 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract cancers (DTCs) is the most common malignant tumors in the world. Despite surgery and medical technology have witnessed the increasing development and sharp advancement in the past decade, DTCs remain a critical concern with high morbidity and mortality. Since a class of small noncoding RNAs termed miRNAs were identified several years ago, increasing studies have attempted to illustrate the relationship between the specific miRNAs dysregulated expression levels and the diseases phenotypic changes. For example, microRNA-483 (miR-483) aberrant expression plays a pivotal part in tumor biology in a variety of human cancer, including DTCs. In this review, we focus on the present key findings from recent profiling studies, discuss the use of miR-483 as a novel biomarker for DTCs. At the same time, we emphasize the significant diversities and technical difficulties must be overcome before clinically relevant signatures arose. It is believed that this might provide researchers an insight into the molecular targeting cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zeng Li
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, NO.406 Hospital, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- Xinyang Cadres Sanatorium of Wuhan Military Logistics Base, Xinyang 464000, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liu Hong
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
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26
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Milione M. Prognostic factors for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs): what's better? Endocrine 2018; 59:1-3. [PMID: 28417314 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Milione
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 1st Division of Pathology, IRCCS Foundation National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy.
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27
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Hassan N, Zhao JT, Sidhu SB. The role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of adrenal tumors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 456:36-43. [PMID: 28007658 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. Due to its association with an assortment of diseases, miRNAs have been extensively studied in the last decade. In this review, the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of adrenal tumors is discussed. The recent contributions of high-throughput miRNA profiling studies have identified miRNAs that have functional and molecular roles in adrenal tumorigenesis. With respect to the biological heterogeneity of adrenal tumors and the limitations of the current treatments, an improved understanding of miRNAs may hold potential diagnostic and therapeutic value to facilitate better clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunki Hassan
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Jing Ting Zhao
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Stan B Sidhu
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia; University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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28
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Tang S, Chen Y, Feng S, Yi T, Liu X, Li Q, Liu Z, Zhu C, Hu J, Yu X, Wang M, Cao G, Tang H, Bie C, Ma F, Tang H, Du G, Huang J. MiR-483-5p promotes IGF-II transcription and is associated with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99871-99888. [PMID: 29245946 PMCID: PMC5725137 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The human insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) gene transcribes four mRNAs (P1 mRNA-P4 mRNA), and P3 mRNA overexpression contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis. IGF-II-derived miR-483-5p is implicated in the development of cancers. Here, we investigated the involvement of miR-483-5p in P3 mRNA overexpression regulation and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma. Our results showed that miR-483-5p up-regulated P3 mRNA transcription by targeting the 5′-untranslated region (5′UTR) of P3 mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanism was involved in recruiting of an argonaute 1(Ago1)-argonaute 2 (Ago2) complex to the P3 mRNA 5′UTR and the P3 promoter of IGF-II gene by miR-483-5p, accompanied by increased enrichment of RNA polymerase II and activating histone marks histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), and histone 4 lysine 5/8/12/16 acetylation (H4Kac) at the P3 promoter. High miR-483-5p expression was an independent predictor for shorter survival of HCC patients. The findings suggest that miR-483-5p promotes P3 mRNA transcription by recruiting the Ago1-Ago2 complex to the P3 mRNA 5′UTR and is associated with poor prognosis of HCC. Our results display a potential new model for miRNAs to up-regulate gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shufen Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingzhuang Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationlities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuyou Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhilong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuiping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoli Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiqun Bie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Shenzhen Shajing Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huijun Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Shenzhen Shajing Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Du
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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29
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Abstract
The fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of endocrine tumours contains substantial new findings for the adrenal tumours. The tumours are presented in two chapters labelled as "Tumours of the adrenal cortex" and "Tumours of the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia." Tumours of the adrenal cortex are classified as cortical carcinoma, cortical adenoma, sex cord stromal tumours, adenomatoid tumour, mesenchymal and stromal tumours (myelolipoma and schwannoma), haematological tumours, and secondary tumours. Amongst them, schwannoma and haematological tumours are newly documented. The major updates in adrenal cortical lesions are noted in the genetics of the cortical carcinoma and cortical adenoma based on the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Also, a system for differentiation of oncocytoma from oncocytic cortical carcinoma is adopted. Tumours of the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia comprise pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma (head and neck paraganglioma and sympathetic paraganglioma), neuroblastic tumours (neuroblastoma, nodular ganglioneuroblastoma, intermixed ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma), composite pheochromocytoma, and composite paraganglioma. In this group, neuroblastic tumours are newly included in the classification. The clinical features, histology, associated pathologies, genetics, and predictive factors of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are the main changes introduced in this chapter of WHO classification of endocrine tumours. The term "metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma" is used to replace "malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma." Also, composite pheochromocytoma and composite paraganglioma are now documented in separate sections instead of one. Overall, the new classification incorporated new data on pathology, clinical behaviour, and genetics of the adrenal tumours that are important for current management of patients with these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Q4222, Australia.
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30
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Pillai S, Lo CY, Liew V, Lalloz M, Smith RA, Gopalan V, Lam AKY. MicroRNA 183 family profiles in pheochromocytomas are related to clinical parameters and SDHB expression. Hum Pathol 2017; 64:91-97. [PMID: 28412207 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the expression profiles of the miR-183 cluster (miR-96/182/183) in pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma tissues were prospectively collected from 50 patients with pheochromocytoma. Expression of miR-183 cluster members and SDHB protein expression were analyzed in these tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The expression of miR-183 cluster members in pheochromocytomas was correlated with the clinical and pathological parameters of these patients. The expression levels of miR-183 cluster members were predominantly downregulated or deleted in pheochromocytoma. Low expression or deletion of miR-96 was predominantly noted in younger patients with pheochromocytoma (<50 years, P=.01). Female patients in the study group showed marked deletion of miR-182 (P=.05). Deletion of the cluster was also associated with SDHB protein expression in pheochromocytoma. Moreover, patients with low miR-183 cluster expression had a slightly better survival rate when compared with patients with high expression. To conclude, the findings indicate a role for miR-183 cluster members in the pathogenesis and clinical progression of pheochromocytoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suja Pillai
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Q4222, Australia
| | - Chung Y Lo
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Victor Liew
- Department of Surgery, Gold Coast Private Hospital, Gold Coast, Southport, Q4215, Australia
| | - Minella Lalloz
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Q4222, Australia
| | - Robert A Smith
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Q4222, Australia; Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Kelvin Grove, Q4059, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Q4222, Australia
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Q4222, Australia.
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31
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Wang H, Fu Z, Dai C, Cao J, Liu X, Xu J, Lv M, Gu Y, Zhang J, Hua X, Jia G, Xu S, Jia X, Xu P. LncRNAs expression profiling in normal ovary, benign ovarian cyst and malignant epithelial ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38983. [PMID: 27941916 PMCID: PMC5150236 DOI: 10.1038/srep38983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been recognized as a regulator of gene expression, and the dysregulation of lncRNAs is involved in the progression of many types of cancer, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). To explore the potential roles of lncRNAs in EOC, we performed lncRNA and mRNA microarray profiling in malignant EOC, benign ovarian cyst and healthy control tissues. In this study, 663 transcripts of lncRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in malignant EOC compared with benign and normal control tissues. We also selected 18 altered lncRNAs to confirm the validity of the microarray analysis using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses demonstrated that these altered transcripts were involved in multiple biological processes, especially the cell cycle. Furthermore, Series Test of Cluster (STC) and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network analyses were conducted to predict lncRNA expression trends and the potential target genes of lncRNAs. We also determined that two antisense lncRNAs (RP11-597D13.9 and ADAMTS9-AS1) were associated with their nearby coding genes (FAM198B, ADAMTS9), which participated in cancer progression. This study offers helpful information to understand the initiation and development mechanisms of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China.,Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Chencheng Dai
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China.,Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China.,Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Mingming Lv
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Yun Gu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Jingmin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xiangdong Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Genmei Jia
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Sujuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
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Pillai S, Gopalan V, Smith RA, Lam AKY. Updates on the genetics and the clinical impacts on phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma in the new era. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 100:190-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Butz H, Kinga N, Racz K, Patocs A. Circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for endocrine disorders. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:1-10. [PMID: 26015318 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-015-0316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Specific, sensitive and non-invasive biomarkers are always needed in endocrine disorders. miRNAs are short, non-coding RNA molecules with well-known role in gene expression regulation. They are frequently dysregulated in metabolic and endocrine diseases. Recently it has been shown that they are secreted into biofluids by nearly all kind of cell types. As they can be taken up by other cells they may have a role in a new kind of paracrine, cell-to-cell communication. Circulating miRNAs are protected by RNA-binding proteins or microvesicles hence they can be attractive candidates as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of extracellular miRNA's and our knowledge about their origin and potential roles in endocrine and metabolic diseases. Discussions about the technical challenges occurring during identification and measurement of extracellular miRNAs and future perspectives about their roles are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Butz
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - N Kinga
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkirályi Str., Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - K Racz
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkirályi Str., Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - A Patocs
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkirályi Str., Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
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Du Y, Huang Z, Wang L, Huang L, Cao P, He D, zhang Y, Wu D, Yang Z, Fan J. A novel diagnostic method of Raman spectroscopy for malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18312c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool in diagnosis of malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Du
- Department of Urology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
- Department of Urology
| | - Zhixin Huang
- Department of Urology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery
- Tangdu Hospital
- The Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Liqing Huang
- Non-equilibrium Condensed Matter and Quantum Engineering Laboratory
- The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education
- School of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
| | - Peilong Cao
- Department of Pathology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Yue zhang
- Department of Urology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Dapeng Wu
- Department of Urology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Zhishang Yang
- Department of Urology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Jinhai Fan
- Department of Urology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
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35
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The role of miRNAs in the pheochromocytomas. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4235-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Eichelser C, Stückrath I, Müller V, Milde-Langosch K, Wikman H, Pantel K, Schwarzenbach H. Increased serum levels of circulating exosomal microRNA-373 in receptor-negative breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9650-63. [PMID: 25333260 PMCID: PMC4259427 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we compared the blood serum levels of circulating cell-free and exosomal microRNAs, and their involvement in the molecular subtypes of breast cancer patients. Our analyses on cell-free miR-101, miR-372 and miR-373 were performed in preoperative blood serum of 168 patients with invasive breast cancer, 19 patients with benign breast diseases and 28 healthy women. MicroRNAs were additionally quantified in exosomes of 50 cancer patients and 12 healthy women from the same cohort. Relative concentrations were measured by quantitative TaqMan MicroRNA assays and correlated to clinicopathological risk factors. The concentrations of cell-free miR-101 (p=0.013) and miR-373 (p=0.024) were significantly different between patients with breast cancer and benign tumors. A prevalence of miR-101, miR-372 and miR-373 were found in exosomes. The levels of circulating exosomal (but not cell-free) miR-373 were higher in triple negative than luminal carcinomas (p=0.027). Also, estrogen-negative (p=0.021) and progesterone-negative (p=0.01) tumors displayed higher concentrations of exosomal miR-373 than patients with hormone-receptor positive tumors. Overexpression of miR-373 by transfection of MCF-7 cells showed downregulated protein expression of the estrogen receptor, and inhibition of apoptosis induced by camptothecin. Our data indicate that serum levels of exosomal miR-373 are linked to triple negative and more aggressive breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Eichelser
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Isabel Stückrath
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Clinic of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karin Milde-Langosch
- Clinic of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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37
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Rethinking pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas from a genomic perspective. Oncogene 2015; 35:1080-9. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zong L, Meng L, Shi R. Role of miR-101 in pheochromocytoma patients with SDHD mutation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:1545-1554. [PMID: 25973039 PMCID: PMC4396236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to screen the potential diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing the malignant pheochromocytoma (PCC) from benign PCC. A total of 59 patients with PCC (benign and malignant) were enrolled in this study. The expression level of miRNAs in patients with different kind PCCs (healthy control, benign, malignant, malignant with or without SDHD mutation, adrenal and extra-adrenal) was analyzed using the qRT-PCR analysis. Besides, the diagnosis accuracy of miRNA in PCC samples was analyzed using the ROC analysis. Moreover, level of miR-101 in serum was detected by qRT-PCR analysis and serum VEGF level in patients with PCC was detected using the ELISA kit. Compared with benign PCC, miR-101 level was higher in patients with malignant PCC (P < 0.05), while the level of miR-513-5p and miR-26b showed no difference between malignant PCC and benign PCC (P > 0.05). miR-101 expression was significantly increased in malignant tumor tissue with SDHD mutation (P < 0.05) and in extra-adrenal tissues (P < 0.05), respectively. Besides, AUCs for miR-101 in PCC samples was 0.79 and for which in PCC samples with non-SDHD mutation was 0.77. Besides, serum miR-101 in malignant PCC was high but showed no difference among groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, serum VEGF level in malignant tumors was significantly high compared with benign tumor, as well as that in malignant PCC with SDHD mutation (P < 0.05). Our study suggested that SDHD mutation may enhance the overexpression of miR-101 in malignant tumors and miR-101 may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for malignant PCC and benign PCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligeng Zong
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou People’s HospitalBinzhou 256610, China
| | - Lizhen Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou People’s HospitalBinzhou 256610, China
| | - Ruhui Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, GaoMi People’s Hospital77 Gaomi Town Mansion Street, Shandong 261500, China
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Igaz P, Igaz I, Nagy Z, Nyírő G, Szabó PM, Falus A, Patócs A, Rácz K. MicroRNAs in adrenal tumors: relevance for pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:417-428. [PMID: 25297921 PMCID: PMC11114066 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence support the relevance of microRNAs in both adrenocortical and adrenomedullary (pheochromocytomas) tumors. Significantly differentially expressed microRNAs have been described among benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors and different forms of pheochromocytomas that might affect different pathogenic pathways. MicroRNAs can be exploited as markers of malignancy or disease recurrence. Besides tissue microRNAs, novel data show that microRNAs are released in body fluids, and blood-borne microRNAs can be envisaged as minimally invasive markers of malignancy or prognosis. MicroRNAs might even serve as treatment targets that could expand the rather-limited therapeutic repertoire in the field of adrenal tumors. In this review, we present a critical synopsis of the recent observations made in the field of adrenal tumor-associated microRNAs regarding their pathogenic, diagnostic, and potential therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Igaz
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ivan Igaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Szent Imre Teaching Hospital, Tétényi str. 12-16, 1115, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Nagy
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nyírő
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter M Szabó
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Falus
- Department of Genetics Cell- and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad sq. 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patócs
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
- "Lendület-2013" Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Rácz
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
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40
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Castro-Vega LJ, Letouzé E, Burnichon N, Buffet A, Disderot PH, Khalifa E, Loriot C, Elarouci N, Morin A, Menara M, Lepoutre-Lussey C, Badoual C, Sibony M, Dousset B, Libé R, Zinzindohoue F, Plouin PF, Bertherat J, Amar L, de Reyniès A, Favier J, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP. Multi-omics analysis defines core genomic alterations in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6044. [PMID: 25625332 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PCCs/PGLs) are neural crest-derived tumours with a very strong genetic component. Here we report the first integrated genomic examination of a large collection of PCC/PGL. SNP array analysis reveals distinct copy-number patterns associated with genetic background. Whole-exome sequencing shows a low mutation rate of 0.3 mutations per megabase, with few recurrent somatic mutations in genes not previously associated with PCC/PGL. DNA methylation arrays and miRNA sequencing identify DNA methylation changes and miRNA expression clusters strongly associated with messenger RNA expression profiling. Overexpression of the miRNA cluster 182/96/183 is specific in SDHB-mutated tumours and induces malignant traits, whereas silencing of the imprinted DLK1-MEG3 miRNA cluster appears as a potential driver in a subgroup of sporadic tumours. Altogether, the complete genomic landscape of PCC/PGL is mainly driven by distinct germline and/or somatic mutations in susceptibility genes and reveals different molecular entities, characterized by a set of unique genomic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Jaime Castro-Vega
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Eric Letouzé
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nelly Burnichon
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Buffet
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Hélie Disderot
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Khalifa
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Céline Loriot
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Nabila Elarouci
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Morin
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Menara
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Lepoutre-Lussey
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Hypertension Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Badoual
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Sibony
- 1] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [2] Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Dousset
- 1] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [2] Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, F-75006 Paris, France [3] INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75006 Paris, France [4] CNRS UMR8104, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Rossella Libé
- 1] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75006 Paris, France [3] CNRS UMR8104, F-75006 Paris, France [4] Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, F-75006 Paris, France [5] Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Franck Zinzindohoue
- 1] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [2] Department of Surgery, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre François Plouin
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Hypertension Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France [4] Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- 1] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75006 Paris, France [3] CNRS UMR8104, F-75006 Paris, France [4] Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, F-75006 Paris, France [5] Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Amar
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Hypertension Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Aurélien de Reyniès
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Judith Favier
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo
- 1] INSERM, UMR970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, F-75015 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France [3] Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France [4] Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, F-75006 Paris, France
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41
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Wang Y, Liang J, Di C, Zhao G, Zhao Y. Identification of miRNAs as potential new biomarkers for nervous system cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11631-8. [PMID: 25139093 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Several recent studies have indicated the possibility of detecting dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) to diagnose nervous system cancer (NSC). Our study was conducted to explore the clinical applicability of miRNAs as potential ideal biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSC. For this meta-analysis, a systematic literature search was conducted in the Embase, Medline, Cochrane, Wangfang, and Sinomed databases. A standard quality tool-quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies was employed to assess the quality of the included studies. Specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under curve (AUC) were pooled to assess overall test accuracy. In total, 25 studies from 7 articles, including 388 patients with NSC and 435 controls (healthy controls and patients with neurologic disorders), were included in this meta-analysis. For the studied miRNAs, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and DOR for predicting NSC were 85% (95% confidence interval [CI] 80-89%), 85% (95% CI 80-89%), and 32 (95% CI 19-55), respectively. The pooled AUC for miRNAs identifying NSC was 0.92. In addition, results from subgroup analyses indicated that using miRNA panels yield a much better diagnostic accuracy when compared with using a particular miRNA. The current evidence suggests that miRNAs, especially miRNA panels on body fluids, may be suitable for use as diagnostic biomarkers for NSC patients. However, more prospective studies using larger cohorts should be conducted to confirm their degree of accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100091, China
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42
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Kentwell J, Gundara JS, Sidhu SB. Noncoding RNAs in endocrine malignancy. Oncologist 2014; 19:483-91. [PMID: 24718512 PMCID: PMC4012972 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Only recently has it been uncovered that the mammalian transcriptome includes a large number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a variety of important regulatory roles in gene expression and other biological processes. Among numerous kinds of ncRNAs, short noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs, have been extensively investigated with regard to their biogenesis, function, and importance in carcinogenesis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have only recently been implicated in playing a key regulatory role in cancer biology. The deregulation of ncRNAs has been demonstrated to have important roles in the regulation and progression of cancer development. In this review, we describe the roles of both short noncoding RNAs (including microRNAs, small nuclear RNAs, and piwi-interacting RNAs) and lncRNAs in carcinogenesis and outline the possible underlying genetic mechanisms, with particular emphasis on clinical applications. The focus of our review includes studies from the literature on ncRNAs in traditional endocrine-related cancers, including thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal gland, and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine malignancies. The current and potential future applications of ncRNAs in clinical cancer research is also discussed, with emphasis on diagnosis and future treatment.
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43
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Martucci VL, Pacak K. Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: diagnosis, genetics, management, and treatment. Curr Probl Cancer 2014; 38:7-41. [PMID: 24636754 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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44
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Papathomas TG, de Krijger RR, Tischler AS. Paragangliomas: update on differential diagnostic considerations, composite tumors, and recent genetic developments. Semin Diagn Pathol 2013; 30:207-23. [PMID: 24144290 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in molecular genetics have expanded the spectrum of disorders associated with pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and extra-adrenal paragangliomas (PGLs) and have increased the roles of pathologists in helping to guide patient care. At least 30% of these tumors are now known to be hereditary, and germline mutations of at least 10 genes are known to cause the tumors to develop. Genotype-phenotype correlations have been identified, including differences in tumor distribution, catecholamine production, and risk of metastasis, and types of tumors not previously associated with PCC/PGL are now considered in the spectrum of hereditary disease. Important new findings are that mutations of succinate dehydrogenase genes SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, and SDHAF2 (collectively "SDHx") are responsible for a large percentage of hereditary PCC/PGL and that SDHB mutations are strongly correlated with extra-adrenal tumor location, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Further, gastrointestinal stromal tumors and renal tumors are now associated with SDHx mutations. A PCC or PGL caused by any of the hereditary susceptibility genes can present as a solitary, apparently sporadic, tumor, and substantial numbers of patients presenting with apparently sporadic tumors harbor occult germline mutations of susceptibility genes. Current roles of pathologists are differential diagnosis of primary tumors and metastases, identification of clues to occult hereditary disease, and triaging of patients for optimal genetic testing by immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue for the loss of SDHB and SDHA protein. Diagnostic pitfalls are posed by morphological variants of PCC/PGL, unusual anatomic sites of occurrence, and coexisting neuroendocrine tumors of other types in some hereditary syndromes. These pitfalls can be avoided by judicious use of appropriate immunohistochemical stains. Aside from loss of staining for SDHB, criteria for predicting risk of metastasis are still controversial, and "malignancy" is diagnosed only after metastases have occurred. All PCCs/PGLs are considered to pose some risk of metastasis, and long-term follow-up is advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Papathomas
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Wang Z, Wang J, Yang Y, Hao B, Wang R, Li Y, Wu Q. Loss of has-miR-337-3p expression is associated with lymph node metastasis of human gastric cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2013; 32:76. [PMID: 24422944 PMCID: PMC3854519 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death in patients with gastric cancer, and aberrant expression of various microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with cancer metastasis. Methods Profiling of differentially expressed miRNAs was performed in three cases of primary gastric cancer and the corresponding metastatic lymph node tissues. Then, the five most altered miRNAs were further verified in 16 paired samples. Two of these five miRNAs were further assessed for their effects on the regulation of gastric cancer cell growth and invasion. Results The miRNA profile data showed 151 upregulated miRNAs (≥ 1.5-fold) and 285 downregulated miRNAs (≤ 0.67-fold) in the metastatic tissues compared to the primary gastric cancer tissues. Among these five miRNAs (i.e., hsa-miR-508-5p, hsa-miR-30c, hsa-miR-337-3p, hsa-miR-483-5p, and hsa-miR-134), expression of hsa-miR-337-3p and hsa-miR-134 was significantly downregulated in these 16 lymph node metastatic tissues compared to their primary tumor tissues (P<0.05) and in nine gastric cancer cell lines compared to the nonmalignant GES cell line. Furthermore, induction of hsa-miR-134 or hsa-miR-337-3p expression did not dramatically affect gastric cancer cell proliferation, but transfection of the hsa-miR-337-3p mimic did reduce gastric cancer cell invasion capacity. Conclusions These findings indicate that hsa-miR-337-3p plays a role in the reduction of gastric cancer cell invasion capacity, and further studies on the mechanism of hsa-miR-337-3p in gastric cancer metastasis are warranted.
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de Cubas AA, Leandro-García LJ, Schiavi F, Mancikova V, Comino-Méndez I, Inglada-Pérez L, Perez-Martinez M, Ibarz N, Ximénez-Embún P, López-Jiménez E, Maliszewska A, Letón R, Gómez Graña A, Bernal C, Alvarez-Escolá C, Rodríguez-Antona C, Opocher G, Muñoz J, Megias D, Cascón A, Robledo M. Integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma identifies genotype-specific markers and potentially regulated pathways. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013; 20:477-93. [PMID: 23660872 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine neoplasias of neural crest origin that can be part of several inherited syndromes. Although their mRNA profiles are known to depend on genetic background, a number of questions related to tumor biology and clinical behavior remain unanswered. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in the modulation of gene expression, their comprehensive analysis could resolve some of these issues. Through characterization of miRNA profiles in 69 frozen tumors with germline mutations in the genes SDHD, SDHB, VHL, RET, NF1, TMEM127, and MAX, we identified miRNA signatures specific to, as well as common among, the genetic groups of PCCs/PGLs. miRNA expression profiles were validated in an independent series of 30 composed of VHL-, SDHB-, SDHD-, and RET-related formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded PCC/PGL samples using quantitative real-time PCR. Upregulation of miR-210 in VHL- and SDHB-related PCCs/PGLs was verified, while miR-137 and miR-382 were confirmed as generally upregulated in PCCs/PGLs (except in MAX-related tumors). Also, we confirmed overexpression of miR-133b as VHL-specific miRNAs, miR-488 and miR-885-5p as RET-specific miRNAs, and miR-183 and miR-96 as SDHB-specific miRNAs. To determine the potential roles miRNAs play in PCC/PGL pathogenesis, we performed bioinformatic integration and pathway analysis using matched mRNA profiling data that indicated a common enrichment of pathways associated with neuronal and neuroendocrine-like differentiation. We demonstrated that miR-183 and/or miR-96 impede NGF-induced differentiation in PC12 cells. Finally, global proteomic analysis in SDHB and MAX tumors allowed us to determine that miRNA regulation occurs primarily through mRNA degradation in PCCs/PGLs, which partially confirmed our miRNA-mRNA integration results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aguirre A de Cubas
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, Spain
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Xiaoping L, Zhibin Y, Wenjuan L, Zeyou W, Gang X, Zhaohui L, Ying Z, Minghua W, Guiyuan L. CPEB1, a histone-modified hypomethylated gene, is regulated by miR-101 and involved in cell senescence in glioma. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e675. [PMID: 23788032 PMCID: PMC3702288 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms have important roles in carcinogenesis. We certified that the mRNA translation-related gene cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1 (CPEB1) is hypomethylated and overexpressed in glioma cells and tissues. The knockdown of CPEB1 reduced cell senescence by regulating the expression or distribution of p53 in glioma cells. CPEB1 is also regulated directly by the tumor suppressor miR-101, a potential marker of glioma. It is known that the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and embryonic ectoderm development (EED) are direct targets of miR-101. We demonstrated that miR-101 downregulated the expression of CPEB1 through reversing the methylation status of the CPEB1 promoter by regulating the presence on the promoter of the methylation-related histones H3K4me2, H3K27me3, H3K9me3 and H4K20me3. The epigenetic regulation of H3K27me3 on CPEB1 promoter is mediated by EZH2 and EED. EZH2 has a role in the regulation of H3K4me2. Furthermore, the downregulation of CPEB1 induced senescence in a p53-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xiaoping
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Abstract
The field of epigenetics has evolved rapidly over recent years providing insight into the tumorigenesis of many solid and haematological malignancies. Determination of epigenetic modifications in neuroendocrine tumour (NET) development is imperative if we are to improve our understanding of the biology of this heterogenous group of tumours. Epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation at RASSF1A are frequent findings in NETs of all origins and may be associated with worse prognosis. MicroRNA signatures and histone modifications have been identified which can differentiate subtypes of NET and distinguish NET from adenocarcinoma in cases of diagnostic uncertainty. Historically, candidate gene-driven approaches have yielded limited insight into the epigenetics of NET. Recent progress has been facilitated by development of high-throughput tools including second-generation sequencing and arrays for analysis of the 'epigenome' of tumour and normal tissue, permitting unbiased approaches such as exome sequencing that identified mutations of chromatin-remodelling genes ATRX/DAXX in 44% of pancreatic NETs. Epigenetic changes are reversible and therefore represent an attractive therapeutic target; to date, clinical outcomes of epigenetic therapies in solid tumours have been disappointing; however, in vitro studies on NETs are promising and further clinical trials are required to determine utility of this class of novel agents. In this review, we perform a comprehensive evaluation of epigenetic changes found in NETs to date, including rare NETs such as phaeochromocytoma and adrenocortical tumours. We suggest priorities for future research and discuss potential clinical applications and novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karpathakis
- University College London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Lowery AJ, Walsh S, McDermott EW, Prichard RS. Molecular and therapeutic advances in the diagnosis and management of malignant pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Oncologist 2013; 18:391-407. [PMID: 23576482 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare catecholamine-secreting tumors derived from chromaffin cells originating in the neural crest. These tumors represent a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge because the diagnosis of malignancy is frequently made in retrospect by the development of metastatic or recurrent disease. Complete surgical resection offers the only potential for cure; however, recurrence can occur even after apparently successful resection of the primary tumor. The prognosis for malignant disease is poor because traditional treatment modalities have been limited. The last decade has witnessed exciting discoveries in the study of PCCs and PGLs; advances in molecular genetics have uncovered hereditary and germline mutations of at least 10 genes that contribute to the development of these tumors, and increasing knowledge of genotype-phenotype interactions has facilitated more accurate determination of malignant potential. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms responsible for malignant transformation in these tumors has opened avenues of investigation into targeted therapeutics that show promising results. There have also been significant advances in functional and radiological imaging and in the surgical approach to adrenalectomy, which remains the mainstay of treatment for PCC. In this review, we discuss the currently available diagnostic and therapeutic options for patients with malignant PCCs and PGLs and detail the molecular rationale and clinical evidence for novel and emerging diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife J Lowery
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Wang W, Zhao LJ, Yang Y, Wang RY, Ren H, Zhao P, Zhou WP, Qi ZT. Retinoic acid induced 16 enhances tumorigenesis and serves as a novel tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:2578-85. [PMID: 22971576 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work identified downregulated miR-483-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to identify the target of miR-483-5p, evaluate the potential value of this target as a tumor marker for HCC and explore the role of this target in HCC tumorigenesis. Upregulated retinoic acid induced 16 (RAI16) (17/18 cases) was negatively correlated with downregulated miR-483-5p (14/18 cases) in HCC tissues. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that RAI16 is a target of miR-483-5p. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed RAI16 was moderate or strong staining in tumor tissues but negative or weak staining in adjacent non-tumor tissues. The sensitivity and specificity of RAI16 for HCC diagnosis were 70.6 and 93.6%, respectively, and increased to 80.9 and 92.0% when combined with glypican-3. Finally, overexpression or knockdown of RAI16 increased or decreased cell viability and colony formation in HCC cell lines and enhanced or inhibited tumor cell growth in xenograft nude mice. Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and transforming growth factor-β pathways were mostly affected by RAI16. RAI16 could activate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and SMAD2/3. In conclusion, RAI16 may serve as a useful therapeutic agent for HCC gene therapy and tumor marker for HCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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