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Raitoharju E, Rajić S, Marttila S. Non-coding 886 ( nc886/ vtRNA2-1), the epigenetic odd duck - implications for future studies. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2332819. [PMID: 38525792 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2332819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding 886 (nc886, vtRNA2-1) is the only human polymorphically imprinted gene, in which the methylation status is not determined by genetics. Existing literature regarding the establishment, stability and consequences of the methylation pattern, as well as the nature and function of the nc886 RNAs transcribed from the locus, are contradictory. For example, the methylation status of the locus has been reported to be stable through life and across somatic tissues, but also susceptible to environmental effects. The nature of the produced nc886 RNA(s) has been redefined multiple times, and in carcinogenesis, these RNAs have been reported to have conflicting roles. In addition, due to the bimodal methylation pattern of the nc886 locus, traditional genome-wide methylation analyses can lead to false-positive results, especially in smaller datasets. Herein, we aim to summarize the existing literature regarding nc886, discuss how the characteristics of nc886 give rise to contradictory results, as well as to reinterpret, reanalyse and, where possible, replicate the results presented in the current literature. We also introduce novel findings on how the distribution of the nc886 methylation pattern is associated with the geographical origins of the population and describe the methylation changes in a large variety of human tumours. Through the example of this one peculiar genetic locus and RNA, we aim to highlight issues in the analysis of DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs in general and offer our suggestions for what should be taken into consideration in future analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Raitoharju
- Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Research Services, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sonja Rajić
- Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saara Marttila
- Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Research Services, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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2
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Cirello V, Gambale C, Nikitski AV, Masaki C, Roque J, Colombo C. Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma: molecular, clinico-pathological hallmarks and therapeutic perspectives. Panminerva Med 2024; 66:155-173. [PMID: 38576304 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.23.05040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a rare and extremely aggressive tumor, accounting for about 2-15% of all thyroid cancer. PDTC has a distinct biological behavior compared to well-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and, in last years, it has been classified as a separate entity from both anatomopathological and clinical points of view. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of consensus among clinicians regarding inclusion criteria and definition of PDTC that affects its diagnosis and clinical management. Due to its rarity and difficulty in classification compared to other tumors, very few studies are available to date and series often include different histotypes in addition to PDTC. This review focuses on main studies concerning PDTC summarizing the evolution in the definition of its diagnosis criteria, clinicopathological features, management, and outcome. The data available confirm that the pathological evaluation and classification of PDTC are crucial and should therefore be standardized. Since the clinical presentation and prognosis of PDTC may vary widely depending on the different stage of the disease at diagnosis, the patient's management may differ in treatment and should be tailored to each patient. Finally, this review discusses advances in molecular insights of PDTC that, together with the implementation of both in vitro and in vivo models, will provide valuable insights into biological mechanisms of progression, metastasis, and invasion of this aggressive thyroid carcinoma. Further studies on larger, carefully selected series are needed to better assess the peculiar features of PDTC and to better define its management by focusing on the best diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cirello
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Gambale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alyaksandr V Nikitski
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chie Masaki
- Department of Surgery, Ito Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - João Roque
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Colombo
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy -
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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3
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Lee YS, Lee YS. nc886, an RNA Polymerase III-Transcribed Noncoding RNA Whose Expression Is Dynamic and Regulated by Intriguing Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108533. [PMID: 37239877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
nc886 is a medium-sized non-coding RNA that is transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III) and plays diverse roles in tumorigenesis, innate immunity, and other cellular processes. Although Pol III-transcribed ncRNAs were previously thought to be expressed constitutively, this concept is evolving, and nc886 is the most notable example. The transcription of nc886 in a cell, as well as in human individuals, is controlled by multiple mechanisms, including its promoter CpG DNA methylation and transcription factor activity. Additionally, the RNA instability of nc886 contributes to its highly variable steady-state expression levels in a given situation. This comprehensive review discusses nc886's variable expression in physiological and pathological conditions and critically examines the regulatory factors that determine its expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Su Lee
- Rare Cancer Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sun Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
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Wang B, Shen W, Yan L, Li X, Zhang L, Zhao S, Jin X. Reveal the potential molecular mechanism of circRNA regulating immune-related mRNA through sponge miRNA in the occurrence and immune regulation of papillary thyroid cancer. Ann Med 2023; 55:2244515. [PMID: 37603701 PMCID: PMC10443982 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2244515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignant tumour. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential molecular mechanism of circRNA regulating immune-related mRNA through sponge miRNA in the occurrence and immune regulation of PTC. METHODS All data were downloaded from public databases, such as GEO, Immport and TCGA. Differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs (DEmRNAs), DEmiRNAs and DEcircRNAs were identified using metaMA and limma packages. Subsequently, immune-related DEmRNAs were screened, and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA (ceRNA) regulatory network was constructed. In addition, functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, immune cell infiltration analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. Finally, qRT-PCR validation and cell experiments were also performed. RESULTS In total, 2962 DEmRNAs, 78 DEmiRNAs and 51 DEcircRNAs were obtained. Subsequently, 195 immune-related DEmRNAs were obtained based on Immport database. Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction was the only signalling pathway obtained in KEGG analysis. Then, 8 hub immune-related DEmRNAs were identified based on PPI network and CytoHubba plug-in. Subsequently, ceRNA sub-network containing hub immune-related DEmRNAs was extracted from ceRNA regulatory network. In ceRNA sub-network, hsa_circ_0082182-hsa-miR-18b-5p-FGF1/PDGFC, hsa_circ_0016404-hsa-miR-1275-FGF1/CTSB/IL13RA1, hsa_circ_0070100-hsa-miR-27a-3p/hsa-miR-27b-3p-TGFBR3, hsa_circ_0060055/hsa_circ_0038718-hsa-miR-150-3p-CXCL14, hsa_circ_0030427/hsa_circ_0002917-hsa-miR-22-3p-BMP7 and hsa_circ_0030427/hsa_circ_0002917-hsa-miR-125a-5p-LIFR axes were identified. Moreover, FGF1, PDGFC, CTSB, IL13RA1, TGFBR3, CXCL14, BMP7, LIFR, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-1275, hsa-miR-150-3p, hsa-miR-18b-5p and hsa-miR-27b-3p were also found to have good diagnostic accuracy and may be potential novel diagnostic markers for PTC. XCell analysis showed that the levels of immune cell infiltration (including Tregs, HSC, DC and Monocytes) were significantly different between the PTC and the control groups. Knockdown of the expression of hsa_circ_0082182 significantly inhibits the activity, proliferation, migration and invasion of TPC-1 cells. CONCLUSION Several circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axes identified in this study may be related to the occurrence, progression and survival of PTC. This lays a theoretical foundation for further understanding the molecular mechanism of PTC, and also contributes to clinical management and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Surgical Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shen
- Surgical Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Li Yan
- Surgical Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Surgical Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Linlei Zhang
- Surgical Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Suyuan Zhao
- Surgical Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Jin
- Surgical Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
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Stojanović S, Dobrijević Z, Šelemetjev S, Đorić I, Janković Miljuš J, Živaljević V, Išić Denčić T. MiR-203a-3p, miR-204-3p, miR-222-3p as useful diagnostic and prognostic tool for thyroid neoplasia spectrum. Endocrine 2023; 79:98-112. [PMID: 36103016 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid carcinoma is to correctly classify neoplasias with overlapping features and to identify the high-risk patients among those with a less aggressive form, in order to personalize the treatment of thyroid carcinoma patients accordingly. METHODS MiR-203a-3p, miR-204-3p, and miR-222-3p levels were determined in 99 cases of thyroid neoplasias (77 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) of diverse variants, 12 follicular thyroid adenomas (FTA) and 10 nodular goiters (NG)) along with 99 adjacent non-malignant thyroid tissues using quantitative RT-PCR. The results were evaluated in comparison with the clinicopathological features of the patients and available TCGA data. RESULTS Down-regulated miR-203a-3p indicates the presence of thyroid tumor (PTC or FTA) with high sensitivity (75%) and specificity (73%), while its up-regulation indicates NG. If miR-203a-3p is down-regulated, up-regulated miR-204-3p with high sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (74.4%) indicates FTA presence, while up-regulated miR-222-3p, with high sensitivity (76.6%) and specificity (75.0%), points to PTC. The expression of miR-204-3p and miR-222-3p depends on the PTC subtype (P < 0.05). While the deregulated expression of tested miRs is associated with a long-range of unfavorable clinicopathological parameters of PTC, only abundant expression of miR-222-3p may be used as an independent predictive factor for the presence of extrathyroid invasion and advanced pTNM stage of PTC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Successive evaluation of miR-203a-3p, miR-204-3p, and miR-222-3p expression can help in the differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasias. A high relative value of miR-222-3p expression is an independent predictive factor for the presence of extrathyroid invasion and advanced pTNM stage of PTC. The panel consisting of miR-203a-3p, miR-204-3p, and miR-222-3p could be used as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for personalizing the treatment of thyroid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefana Stojanović
- Department for Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Dobrijević
- Department for Metabolism, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Šelemetjev
- Department for Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilona Đorić
- Department for Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Janković Miljuš
- Department for Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan Živaljević
- Clinic for Endocrine Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovića 8, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Išić Denčić
- Department for Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Lee YS. Are We Studying Non-Coding RNAs Correctly? Lessons from nc886. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084251. [PMID: 35457068 PMCID: PMC9027504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs or long ncRNAs, have brought about a new paradigm in the regulation of gene expression. Sequencing technologies have detected transcripts with tremendous sensitivity and throughput and revealed that the majority of them lack protein-coding potential. Myriad articles have investigated numerous ncRNAs and many of them claim that ncRNAs play gene-regulatory roles. However, it is questionable whether all these articles draw conclusions through cautious gain- and loss-of function experiments whose design was reasonably based on an ncRNA's correct identity and features. In this review, these issues are discussed with a regulatory ncRNA, nc886, as an example case to represent cautions and guidelines when studying ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sun Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
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Veryaskina YA, Titov SE, Ivanov MK, Ruzankin PS, Tarasenko AS, Shevchenko SP, Kovynev IB, Stupak EV, Pospelova TI, Zhimulev IF. Selection of reference genes for quantitative analysis of microRNA expression in three different types of cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0254304. [PMID: 35176014 PMCID: PMC8853544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers in cancer research. Quantitative PCR (qPCR), also known as real-time PCR, is the most frequently used technique for measuring miRNA expression levels. The use of this technique, however, requires that expression data be normalized against reference genes. The problem is that a universal internal control for quantitative analysis of miRNA expression by qPCR has yet to be known. The aim of this work was to find the miRNAs with stable expression in the thyroid gland, brain and bone marrow according to NanoString nCounter miRNA quantification data. As a results, the most stably expressed miRNAs were as follows: miR-361-3p, -151a-3p and -29b-3p in the thyroid gland; miR-15a-5p, -194-5p and -532-5p in the brain; miR-140-5p, -148b-3p and -362-5p in bone marrow; and miR-423-5p, -28-5p and -532-5p, no matter what tissue type. These miRNAs represent promising reference genes for miRNA quantification by qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya A. Veryaskina
- Laboratory of Gene Engineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Sergei E. Titov
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- AO Vector-Best, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Pavel S. Ruzankin
- Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Mathematics and Mechanics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anton S. Tarasenko
- Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Mathematics and Mechanics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Igor B. Kovynev
- Department of Therapy, Hematology and Transfusiology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenij V. Stupak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ya.L. Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana I. Pospelova
- Department of Therapy, Hematology and Transfusiology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor F. Zhimulev
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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MiR-139-5p Inhibits the Development of Gastric Cancer through Targeting TPD52. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:4033373. [PMID: 35222884 PMCID: PMC8866006 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4033373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many researchers have confirmed that miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). This study focused on investigating the specific functions of miR-139-5p in GC. METHODS MiR-139-5p and TPD52 expressions were observed by qRT-PCR or western blot in GC. The functional mechanism of miR-139-5p was explored by the luciferase reporter assay, transwell assay, and MTT assay. RESULTS MiR-139-5p downregulation and TPD52 upregulation were detected in GC. Adverse clinical features and prognosis in GC patients were related to low miR-139-5p expression. MiR-139-5p overexpression restrained GC cell proliferation and metastasis. Furthermore, miR-139-5p directly targeted TPD52. TPD52 silencing blocked GC progression. And TPD52 upregulation weakened the antitumor effect of miR-139-5p in GC. CONCLUSION MiR-139-5p inhibits GC cell proliferation and metastasis through downregulating TPD52.
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Veryaskina YA, Titov SE, Zhimulev IF. Reference Genes for qPCR-Based miRNA Expression Profiling in 14 Human Tissues. Med Princ Pract 2022; 31:322-332. [PMID: 35354155 PMCID: PMC9485981 DOI: 10.1159/000524283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. Quantitative PCR is the most frequently used method of measuring expression levels of miRNA. However, the lack of validated reference genes represents the main source of potential bias in results. It is normal practice to use small nuclear RNAs as reference genes; however, they often have variable expression. Researchers tend to prefer the most stable reference genes in each experiment. The review includes reference genes for the following tissue types: gliomas, lung cancer, melanoma, gastric cancer, liver cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, rectal cancer, blood tumors, and placental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Andreevna Veryaskina
- Laboratory of Gene Engineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- *Yulia Andreevna Veryaskina,
| | - Sergei Evgenievich Titov
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- AO Vector-Best, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Fyodorovich Zhimulev
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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Poorly Differentiated and Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: Insights into Genomics, Microenvironment and New Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133200. [PMID: 34206867 PMCID: PMC8267688 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the last decades, many researchers produced promising data concerning genetics and tumor microenvironment of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). They are trying to tear the veil covering these orphan cancers, suggesting new therapeutic weapons as single or combined therapies. Abstract PDTC and ATC present median overall survival of 6 years and 6 months, respectively. In spite of their rarity, patients with PDTC and ATC represent a significant clinical problem, because of their poor survival and the substantial inefficacy of classical therapies. We reviewed the newest findings about genetic features of PDTC and ATC, from mutations occurring in DNA to alterations in RNA. Therefore, we describe their tumor microenvironments (both immune and not-immune) and the interactions between tumor and neighboring cells. Finally, we recapitulate how this upcoming evidence are changing the treatment of PDTC and ATC.
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11
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Canberk S, Lima AR, Pinto M, Máximo V. Translational Potential of Epigenetic-Based Markers on Fine-Needle Aspiration Thyroid Specimens. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:640460. [PMID: 33834032 PMCID: PMC8021713 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.640460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The awareness of epigenetic alterations leading to neoplasia attracted the attention of researchers toward its potential use in the management of cancer, from diagnosis to prognosis and prediction of response to therapies. Our group has focused its attention on the epigenomics of thyroid neoplasms. Although most of the epigenetic studies have been applied on histological samples, the fact is that cytology, through fine-needle aspiration, is a primary diagnostic method for many pathologies, of which thyroid nodules are one of the most paradigmatic examples. This has led to an increasing literature report of epigenetic studies using these biological samples over the past decade. In this review, our group aimed to document recent research of epigenetic alterations and its associated assessment techniques, based on cytology material. Our review covers the main epigenetic categories—DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA-silencing—whose evidence in thyroid cytology samples may represent solid soil for future prospectively designed studies aiming at validating patterns of epigenetic alterations and their potential use in the clinical management of thyroid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Canberk
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Lima
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Pinto
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
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12
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Fort RS, Duhagon MA. Pan-cancer chromatin analysis of the human vtRNA genes uncovers their association with cancer biology. F1000Res 2021; 10:182. [PMID: 34354812 PMCID: PMC8287541 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.28510.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The vault RNAs (vtRNAs) are a class of 84-141-nt eukaryotic non-coding RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III, associated to the ribonucleoprotein complex known as vault particle. Of the four human vtRNA genes, vtRNA1-1, vtRNA1-2 and vtRNA1-3, clustered at locus 1, are integral components of the vault particle, while vtRNA2-1 is a more divergent homologue located in a second locus. Gene expression studies of vtRNAs in large cohorts have been hindered by their unsuccessful sequencing using conventional transcriptomic approaches. Methods: VtRNA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer cohort was estimated using the genome-wide DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility data (ATAC-seq) of their genes as surrogate variables. The association between vtRNA expression and patient clinical outcome, immune subtypes and transcriptionally co-regulated gene programs was analyzed in the dataset. Results: VtRNAs promoters are enriched in transcription factors related to viral infection. VtRNA2-1 is likely the most independently regulated homologue. VtRNA1-1 has the most accessible chromatin, followed by vtRNA1-2, vtRNA2-1 and vtRNA1-3. VtRNA1-1 and vtRNA1-3 chromatin status does not significantly change in cancer tissues. Meanwhile, vtRNA2-1 and vtRNA1-2 expression is widely deregulated in neoplastic tissues and its alteration is compatible with a broad oncogenic role for vtRNA1-2, and both tumor suppressor and oncogenic functions for vtRNA2-1. Yet, vtRNA1-1, vtRNA1-2 and vtRNA2-1 promoter DNA methylation predicts a shorter patient overall survival cancer-wide. In addition, gene ontology analyses of vtRNAs co-regulated genes identify a chromosome regulatory domain, epithelial differentiation, immune and thyroid cancer gene sets for specific vtRNAs. Furthermore, vtRNA expression patterns are associated with cancer immune subtypes and vtRNA1-2 expression is positively associated with cell proliferation and wound healing. Conclusions: Our study presents the landscape of vtRNA chromatin status cancer-wide, identifying co-regulated gene networks and ontological pathways associated with the different vtRNA genes that may account for their diverse roles in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Sebastián Fort
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay.,Depto. de Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - María Ana Duhagon
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay.,Depto. de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
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13
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Volante M, Lam AK, Papotti M, Tallini G. Molecular Pathology of Poorly Differentiated and Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: What Do Pathologists Need to Know? Endocr Pathol 2021; 32:63-76. [PMID: 33543394 PMCID: PMC7960587 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-021-09665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The molecular characterization of poorly and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas has been greatly improved in the last years following the advent of high throughput technologies. However, with special reference to genomic data, the prevalence of reported alterations is partly affected by classification criteria. The impact of molecular pathology in these tumors is multifaceted and bears diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive implications although its use in the clinical practice is not completely assessed. Genomic profiling data claim that genetic alterations in poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas include "Early" and "Late" molecular events, which are consistent with a multi-step model of progression. "Early" driver events are mostly RAS and BRAF mutations, whereas "Late" changes include above all TP53 and TERT promoter mutations, as well as dysregulation of gene involved in the cell cycle, chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, and DNA mismatch repair. Gene fusions are rare but represent relevant therapeutic targets. Epigenetic modifications are also playing a relevant role in poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, with altered regulation of either genes by methylation/deacetylation or non-coding RNAs. The biological effects of epigenetic modifications are not fully elucidated but interfere with a wide spectrum of cellular functions. From a clinical standpoint, the combination of genomic and epigenetic data shows that several molecular alterations affect druggable cellular pathways in poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, although the clinical impact of molecular typing of these tumors in terms of predictive biomarker testing is still under exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Alfred K Lam
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
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14
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Canberk S, Lima AR, Pinto M, Soares P, Máximo V. Epigenomics in Hurthle Cell Neoplasms: Filling in the Gaps Towards Clinical Application. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:674666. [PMID: 34108939 PMCID: PMC8181423 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.674666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been widely described that cancer genomes have frequent alterations to the epigenome, including epigenetic silencing of various tumor suppressor genes with functions in almost all cancer-relevant signalling pathways, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell migration and DNA repair. Epigenetic alterations comprise DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs dysregulated expression and they play a significant role in the differentiation and proliferation properties of TC. In this review, our group assessed the published evidence on the tumorigenic role of epigenomics in Hurthle cell neoplasms (HCN), highlighting the yet limited, heteregeneous and non-validated data preventing its current use in clinical practice, despite the well developed assessment techniques available. The identified evidence gaps call for a joint endeavour by the medical community towards a deeper and more systematic study of HCN, aiming at defining epigenetic markers in early diagnose, allowing for accurate stratification of maligancy and disease risk and for effective systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Canberk
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Lima
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Pinto
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Valdemar Máximo,
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15
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Metovic J, Vignale C, Annaratone L, Osella-Abate S, Maletta F, Rapa I, Cabutti F, Patriarca S, Gallo M, Nikiforov YE, Volante M, Papotti M. The Oncocytic Variant of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Shows a Specific Immune-Related Gene Expression Profile. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5906602. [PMID: 32936917 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) is a rare, follicular cell-derived neoplasm with an unfavorable prognosis. The oncocytic variant of PDTC may be associated with even more adverse outcome than classical PDTC cases, but its specific molecular features are largely unknown. Our aim was to explore the immune-related gene expression profile of oncocytic and classical PDTC, in correlation with clinical and pathological characteristics (including programmed death ligand 1 [PD-L1] expression) and outcome, and in comparison with a control group of well-differentiated follicular carcinomas (WDFCs), including conventional follicular carcinomas (FTCs) and Hürthle cell carcinomas (HCCs). METHODS A retrospective series of 48 PDTCs and 24 WDFCs was analyzed by means of NanoString technology employing the nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling panel. Gene expression data were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Oncocytic PDTCs showed a specific immune-related gene expression profile, with higher expression of LAIR2, CD274, DEFB1, IRAK1, CAMP, LCN2, LY96, and APOE, and lower expression of NOD1, as compared to conventional PDTCs. This molecular signature was associated with increased intratumoral lymphocytic infiltration, PD-L1 expression, and adverse outcome. Three of these genes, CD274, DEFB1, and IRAK1, as well as PD-L1 expression, were also the hallmarks of HCCs as compared to FTCs. By contrast, the panel of genes differentially regulated in PDTCs as compared to WDFCs was unrelated to the oncocytic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed a distinctive immune-related gene expression profile of oncocytic PDTC and confirmed a more aggressive outcome in this cancer subtype. These findings may provide guidance when exploring novel immunotherapeutic options for oncocytic PDTC patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/immunology
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/pathology
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/genetics
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/immunology
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/mortality
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/pathology
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunity/genetics
- Male
- Microarray Analysis
- Middle Aged
- Oxyphil Cells/metabolism
- Oxyphil Cells/pathology
- Retrospective Studies
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Neoplasms/immunology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/mortality
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Transcriptome
- Tumor Escape/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Metovic
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Vignale
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Annaratone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, Pathology Division, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Simona Osella-Abate
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Maletta
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ida Rapa
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Cabutti
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Patriarca
- Piedmont Cancer Registry-CRPT, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Gallo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Yuri E Nikiforov
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Genomic Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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16
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Dettmer MS, Schmitt A, Komminoth P, Perren A. Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma : An underdiagnosed entity. DER PATHOLOGE 2020; 41:1-8. [PMID: 31273418 PMCID: PMC7286943 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-019-0600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTCs) are a rare subtype of thyroid carcinomas that are biologically situated between well-differentiated papillary/follicular thyroid carcinomas and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs). The diagnosis of conventional as well as oncocytic poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma is difficult and often missed in daily routine. The current WHO criteria to allow the diagnosis of PDTCs are based on the results of a consensus meeting held in Turin in 2006. Even a minor poorly differentiated component of only 10%of a given carcinoma significantly affects patient prognosis and the oncocytic subtype may even have a worse outcome. Immunohistochemistry is not much help and is mostly used to exclude a medullary thyroid carcinoma with calcitonin and to establish a follicular cell of origin via thyroglobulin staining. Due to the concept of stepwise dedifferentiation, there is a vast overlap of different molecular alterations like BRAF, RAS, CTNNB1, TP53 and others between different thyroid carcinoma subtypes. A distinctive molecular tumor profile is therefore currently not available. PDTCs have a unique miRNA signature, which separates them from other thyroid carcinomas. The average relapse free survival is less than one year and about 50% of patients die of the disease. Modern tyrosine kinase inhibitors offer in conjunction with powerful molecular diagnostic new chances in these difficult to treat carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Dettmer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - A Schmitt
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Komminoth
- Institute of Pathology, City Hospital Triemli, 8063, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Perren
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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17
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Silaghi CA, Lozovanu V, Silaghi H, Georgescu RD, Pop C, Dobrean A, Georgescu CE. The Prognostic Value of MicroRNAs in Thyroid Cancers-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2608. [PMID: 32932713 PMCID: PMC7563665 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) includes various phenotypes, from indolent to highly aggressive cancer. The limitations of the current prognostication systems to predict the recurrence risk and the variability in expression of the genes involved in the thyroid carcinogenesis uncover the need for new prognostic biomarkers by taking into account potential epigenetic differences. We aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the prognostic impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) in TC. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Both upregulated and downregulated miRNAs are significantly correlated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 5.94, 95% CI: 2.73-12.90, p < 0.001; HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.26-0.96, p = 0.048) disease/recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.08-2.32, p = 0.003; HR = 0.37, 95%, CI: 0.24-0.60, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis revealed a significant association between the higher expression of miR-146b, miR-221, and miR-222 and the recurrence of papillary TC (OR = 9.11, 95% CI 3.00 to 27.52; p < 0.001; OR = 3.88, 95% CI 1.34 to 11.19, p < 0.001; OR = 6.56, 95% CI 2.75 to 15.64, p < 0.001). This research identified that miR-146b, miR-221, and miR-222 could serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in TC, particularly in PTC. Further studies are needed to strengthen these findings and sustain its clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alina Silaghi
- Department of Endocrinology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.A.S.); (V.L.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Vera Lozovanu
- Department of Endocrinology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.A.S.); (V.L.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Horatiu Silaghi
- Department of Surgery V, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Raluca Diana Georgescu
- International Institute for The Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6A, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dobrean
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Carmen Emanuela Georgescu
- Department of Endocrinology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.A.S.); (V.L.); (C.E.G.)
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18
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Knyazeva M, Korobkina E, Karizky A, Sorokin M, Buzdin A, Vorobyev S, Malek A. Reciprocal Dysregulation of MiR-146b and MiR-451 Contributes in Malignant Phenotype of Follicular Thyroid Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5950. [PMID: 32824921 PMCID: PMC7503510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, incidental thyroid nodules are being diagnosed with increasing frequency with the use of highly sensitive imaging techniques. The ultrasound thyroid gland examination, followed by the fine-needle aspiration cytology is the standard diagnostic approach. However, in cases of the follicular nature of nodules, cytological diagnosis is not enough. Analysis of miRNAs in the biopsy presents a promising approach. Increasing our knowledge of miRNA's role in follicular carcinogenesis, and development of the appropriate the miRNA analytical technologies are required to implement miRNA-based tests in clinical practice. We used material from follicular thyroid nodes (n.84), grouped in accordance with their invasive properties. The invasion-associated miRNAs expression alterations were assayed. Expression data were confirmed by highly sensitive two-tailed RT-qPCR. Reciprocally dysregulated miRNAs pair concentration ratios were explored as a diagnostic parameter using receiver operation curve (ROC) analysis. A new bioinformatics method (MiRImpact) was applied to evaluate the biological significance of the observed expression alterations. Coupled experimental and computational approaches identified reciprocal dysregulation of miR-146b and miR-451 as important attributes of follicular cell malignant transformation and follicular thyroid cancer progression. Thus, evaluation of combined dysregulation of miRNAs relevant to invasion and metastasis can help to distinguish truly malignant follicular thyroid cancer from indolent follicular adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Knyazeva
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great Saint. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Karizky
- Information Technologies and Programming Faculty, Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO) University, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Omicsway Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Omicsway Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Vorobyev
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Anastasia Malek
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
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Wang W, Wang S, Pan L. Identification of key differentially expressed mRNAs and microRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3720-3732. [PMID: 32855723 PMCID: PMC7444408 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of NSCLC remains to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the differential expression of mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in NSCLC and to determine how these RNA molecules interact with one another to affect disease progression. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified from the GSE18842, GSE32863 and GSE29250 datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO database). Functional and pathway enrichment analysis were performed based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. STRING, Cytoscape and MCODE were applied to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and to screen hub genes. The interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs were predicted using miRWalk 3.0 and a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed. The prognostic value of the identified hub genes was then evaluated via Kaplan-Meier survival analyses using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A total of 782 DEGs and 46 DEMs were identified from the 3 GEO datasets. The enriched pathways and functions of the DEGs and target genes of the DEMs included osteoclast differentiation, cell adhesion, response to a drug, plasma membrane, extracellular exosome and protein binding. A subnetwork composed of 11 genes was extracted from the PPI network and the genes in this subnetwork were mainly involved in the cell cycle, cell division and DNA replication. A miRNA-gene regulatory network was constructed with 247 miRNA-gene pairs based on 6 DEMs and 210 DEGs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the expression of ubiquitin E2 ligase C, cell division cycle protein 20, DNA topoisomerase IIα, aurora kinase A and B, cyclin B2, maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase, slit guidance ligand 3, phosphoglucomutase 5, endomucin, cysteine dioxygenase type 1, dihydropyrimidinase-like 2, miR-130b, miR-1181 and miR-127 was significantly associated with overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. In the present study, a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in NSCLC was established, which may provide future avenues for scientific exploration and therapeutic targeting of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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20
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Fu S, Zhao N, Jing G, Yang X, Liu J, Zhen D, Tang X. Matrine induces papillary thyroid cancer cell apoptosis in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo by downregulating miR-182-5p. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110327. [PMID: 32505823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine is a natural product extracted from the root of Sophora flavescens that has been shown to be a promising alternative drug in different types of cancer. Here, we aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of matrine on human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our data demonstrated the following findings. (a) The expression of miR-182-5p was significantly upregulated in PTC tissues and cell lines. (b) Matrine inhibited the expression of miR-182-5p and induced the apoptosis of TCP-1 and BCPAP cells in a dose-dependent manner. (c) Matrine increased caspase3 expression levels and reduced Bcl-2 expression levels in both TCP-1 and BCPAP cells. (d) Matrine appreciably inhibited PTC tumor growth in vivo. (e) After miR-182-5p overexpression, matrine-induced apoptosis and caspase3 activation were inhibited, and the matrine-induced decrease in Bcl-2 expression was abolished. (f) Overexpression of miR-182-5p counteracted the inhibitory effects of matrine on PTC tumor growth. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that matrine exerts antitumor effects possibly by inducing the apoptosis of TCP-1 and BCPAP cells, decreasing the level of Bcl-2, activating caspase3 and suppressing PTC tumor growth by downregulating the expression of miR-182-5p. These findings explain the anticancer mechanisms of matrine in PTC and identify miR-182-5p as an effective target of matrine in PTC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Fu
- Department of Endocrinology,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China
| | - Gaojing Jing
- Department of Endocrinology,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China
| | - Jingfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China
| | - Donghu Zhen
- Department of Endocrinology,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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Differential MicroRNA-Signatures in Thyroid Cancer Subtypes. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:2052396. [PMID: 32565797 PMCID: PMC7290866 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2052396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine cancers, with an increasing trend in the last few decades. Although papillary thyroid cancer is the most frequent subtype compared with follicular or anaplastic thyroid cancer, it can dedifferentiate to a more aggressive phenotype, and the recurrence rate is high. The cells of follicular adenomas and follicular carcinomas appear identical in cytology, making the preoperative diagnosis difficult. On the other hand, anaplastic thyroid cancer poses a significant clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature with no effective therapeutic options. In the past several years, the roles of genetic alterations of thyroid tumors have been documented, with a remarkable correlation between genotype and phenotype, indicating that distinct molecular changes are associated with a multistep tumorigenic process. Besides mRNA expression profiles, small noncoding microRNA (miRNA) expression also showed critical functions for cell differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and resistance to apoptosis and finally activating invasion and metastasis in cancer. Several high-throughput sequencing studies demonstrate that miRNA expression signatures contribute clinically relevant information including types of thyroid cancer, tumor grade, and prognosis. This review summarizes recent findings on miRNA signatures in thyroid cancer subtypes.
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Heydarzadeh S, Moshtaghie AA, Daneshpoor M, Hedayati M. Regulators of glucose uptake in thyroid cancer cell lines. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:83. [PMID: 32493394 PMCID: PMC7268348 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Thyroid cancer is the most common sort of endocrine-related cancer with more prevalent in women and elderly individuals which has quickly widespread expansion in worldwide over the recent decades. Common features of malignant thyroid cells are to have accelerated metabolism and increased glucose uptake to optimize their energy supply which provides a fundamental advantage for growth. In tumor cells the retaining of required energy charge for cell survival is imperative, indeed glucose transporters are enable of promoting of this task. According to this relation it has been reported the upregulation of glucose transporters in various types of cancers. Human studies indicated that poor survival can be occurred following the high levels of GLUT1 expression in tumors. GLUT-1 and GLUT3 are the glucose transporters which seems to be mainly engaged with the oncogenesis of thyroid cancer and their expression in malignant tissues is much more than in the normal one. They are promising targets for the advancement of anticancer strategies. The lack of oncosuppressors have dominant effect on the membrane expression of GLUT1 and glucose uptake. Overexpression of hypoxia inducible factors have been additionally connected with distant metastasis in thyroid cancers which mediates transcriptional regulation of glycolytic genes including GLUT1 and GLUT3. Though the physiological role of the thyroid gland is well illustrated, but the metabolic regulations in thyroid cancer remain evasive. In this study we discuss proliferation pathways of the key regulators and signaling molecules such as PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, MicroRNA, PTEN, AMPK, BRAF, c-Myc, TSH, Iodide and p53 which includes in the regulation of GLUTs in thyroid cancer cells. Incidence of deregulations in cellular energetics and metabolism are the most serious signs of cancers. In conclusion, understanding the mechanisms of glucose transportation in normal and pathologic thyroid tissues is critically important and could provide significant insights in science of diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Heydarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Moshtaghie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Daneshpoor
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Tang Y, Meng X, Yu X, Shang H, Chen S, Liao L, Dong J. Inhibition of microRNA-875-5p promotes radioiodine uptake in poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma cells by upregulating sodium-iodide symporter. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:439-450. [PMID: 31612419 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is an endocrine malignancy that is challenging to treat due to its limited radioiodine uptake. microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have been shown to be useful in treating many types of tumors, including PDTC. This study aims to evaluate the potential effect of miR-875-5p on the radioiodine uptake of PDTC and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Expression of miR-875-5p and sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) in tissues and cell lines was determined using RT-qPCR. The binding relationship between miR-875-5p and NIS was predicted through in silico analysis and verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. A series of miR-875-5p mimic, miR-875-5p inhibitor, shRNA against NIS, and overexpressed NIS plasmids were introduced into PDTC cells. We then evaluated the cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, and radioiodine uptake of each PDTC sample via CCK-8 assay, clonogenic assay, flow cytometry, and γ counter, respectively. RESULTS miR-875-5p was found to be highly expressed, but NIS was poorly expressed in DTC tissues and PDTC cell lines. NIS was verified to be a target gene of miR-875-5p. Upregulation of miR-875-5p was found to induce PDTC cell proliferation, and reduce apoptosis and radioiodine uptake in vitro through down-regulation of NIS. In an in vivo orthotopic model, the enhancement of miR-875-5p led to the reduction of NIS expression and radioiodine uptake in the thyroid tumors. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the findings of the current study suggest that down-regulated miR-875-5p expression could promote its target gene NIS to increase radioiodine uptake in PDTC, constituting a preventive strategy against PDTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - X Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - X Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - H Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - L Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - J Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang X, Kan Y, Chen L, Ge P, Ding T, Zhai Q, Yu Y, Wang X, Zhao Z, Yang H, Liu X, Li L, Qiu L, Qian Z, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhao H. miR-150 is a negative independent prognostic biomarker for primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3487-3494. [PMID: 32269622 PMCID: PMC7115130 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies suggest an association between miRNAs and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of microRNA (miR-150) in primary gastrointestinal (PGI)-DLBCL, by assessing the association between miR-150 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in patients with PGI-DLBCL. A total of 84 patients diagnosed with PGI-DLBCL were recruited and both tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissue samples were collected. miR-150 expression was assessed via reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR analysis. The results demonstrated that miR-150 expression was significantly lower in PGI-DLBCL tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that the optimal cut-off value of miR-150 for predicting survival was 8.965 with high sensitivity (79.8%) and specificity (77.1%). Patients were divided into two groups according to this cut-off value, as follows: High (n=18) and low expression (n=66) groups. Low miR-150 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage, International Prognostic Index (IPI), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status and use of rituximab. RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that miR-150 expression was significantly lower in patients with high IPI scores compared with patients with low IPI scores. Downregulated miR-150 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) time and progression-free survival (PFS) time in patients with PGI-DLBCL. Furthermore, miR-150 level and IPI score were identified as two risk factors for OS and PFS. The diagnostic value of miR-150 was evaluated via ROC curve analysis, with an area under the curve value of 0.882. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that miR-150 is a potential diagnostic marker of PGI-DLBCL, and may also serve as a useful prognostic factor for survival outcomes in patients with PGI-DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yutian Kan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Leiyuan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Ding
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Qiongli Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xianming Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Zhengzi Qian
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Huilai Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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Fort RS, Garat B, Sotelo-Silveira JR, Duhagon MA. vtRNA2-1/nc886 Produces a Small RNA That Contributes to Its Tumor Suppression Action through the microRNA Pathway in Prostate Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:E7. [PMID: 32093270 PMCID: PMC7151618 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
vtRNA2-1 is a vault RNA initially classified as microRNA precursor hsa-mir-886 and recently proposed as "nc886", a new type of non-coding RNA involved in cancer progression acting as an oncogene and tumor suppressor gene in different tissues. We have shown that vtRNA2-1/nc886 is epigenetically repressed in neoplastic cells, increasing cell proliferation and invasion in prostate tissue. Here we investigate the ability of vtRNA2-1/nc886 to produce small-RNAs and their biological effect in prostate cells. The interrogation of public small-RNA transcriptomes of prostate and other tissues uncovered two small RNAs, snc886-3p and snc886-5p, derived from vtRNA2-1/nc886 (previously hsa-miR-886-3p and hsa-miR-886-5p). Re-analysis of PAR-CLIP and knockout of microRNA biogenesis enzymes data showed that these small RNAs are products of DICER, independent of DROSHA, and associate with Argonaute proteins, satisfying microRNA attributes. In addition, the overexpression of snc886-3p provokes the downregulation of mRNAs bearing sequences complementary to its "seed" in their 3'-UTRs. Microarray and in vitro functional assays in DU145, LNCaP and PC3 cell lines revealed that snc886-3p reduced cell cycle progression and increases apoptosis, like its precursor vtRNA2-1/nc886. Finally, we found a list of direct candidate targets genes of snc886-3p upregulated and associated with disease condition and progression in PRAD-TCGA data. Overall, our findings suggest that vtRNA2-1/nc886 and its processed product snc886-3p are synthesized in prostate cells, exerting a tumor suppressor action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Sebastián Fort
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Garat
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - José Roberto Sotelo-Silveira
- Departamento de Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - María Ana Duhagon
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
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Carr FE. THYROID CANCER. Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119645214.ch23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Montero‐Conde C, Graña‐Castro O, Martín‐Serrano G, Martínez‐Montes ÁM, Zarzuela E, Muñoz J, Torres‐Perez R, Pita G, Cordero‐Barreal A, Leandro‐García LJ, Letón R, López de Silanes I, Guadalix S, Pérez‐Barrios A, Hawkins F, Guerrero‐Álvarez A, Álvarez‐Escolá C, Regojo‐Zapata RM, Calsina B, Remacha L, Roldán‐Romero JM, Santos M, Lanillos J, Jordá M, Riesco‐Eizaguirre G, Zafon C, González‐Neira A, Blasco MA, Al‐Shahrour F, Rodríguez‐Antona C, Cascón A, Robledo M. Hsa‐miR‐139‐5p is a prognostic thyroid cancer marker involved in HNRNPF‐mediated alternative splicing. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:521-530. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Montero‐Conde
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo Zarzuela
- Proteomics Core Unit and Proteored‐ISCIIISpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics Core Unit and Proteored‐ISCIIISpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Rafael Torres‐Perez
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- CEGEN UnitSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Alfonso Cordero‐Barreal
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Luis J. Leandro‐García
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Rocío Letón
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | | | - Sonsoles Guadalix
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
| | | | - Federico Hawkins
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | | - Bruna Calsina
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Remacha
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Juan M. Roldán‐Romero
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - María Santos
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Lanillos
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Mireia Jordá
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of CancerGermans Trias i Pujol Research Institute Barcelona Spain
| | - Garcilaso Riesco‐Eizaguirre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Universitario de Móstoles Madrid Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC)Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Madrid Spain
| | - Carles Zafon
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit and Endocrinology DepartmentHospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | | | - Maria A. Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Fátima Al‐Shahrour
- Bioinformatics UnitSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | | | - Alberto Cascón
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Spain
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Boos LA, Schmitt A, Moch H, Komminoth P, Simillion C, Marinoni I, Nikiforov YE, Nikiforova MN, Perren A, Dettmer MS. MiRNAs Are Involved in Tall Cell Morphology in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060885. [PMID: 31242620 PMCID: PMC6628239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Five percent of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) show an adverse clinical outcome (ACO). The tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas (TCV) is a good predictor of an ACO, however, the identification of tall-cells is subjective. Micro RNAs are short non-coding ribonucleic acids (miRNA). Their expression in PTC could be a powerful, more objective predictor of prognosis. METHODS Forty-four PTC underwent miRNA profiling, twenty-four of them were TCV. The miRNA dataset was validated by analysis of expression of known target proteins (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)) in 125 patients including 48 TCV and 57 with an ACO. RESULTS One hundred and forty-nine miRNAs were significantly associated with an ACO, seventy-one of them with TC-morphology. Twenty-two miRNAs were identified as targets for VEGF and thirty-two as targets for PTEN. In univariate and multivariable analysis, reduced expression of PTEN and an increased expression of VEGF were associated with shorter relapse free survival. A classifier, including TC-morphology, pT-stage, VEGF, and PTEN, predicted relapse with an 80% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Some miRNAs predict outcome in PTC and are involved in TC-morphology in PTC. These miRNAs may serve as more objective indicators of an ACO than tall cell morphology. PTEN and VEGF protein expression are prognostically relevant and are at least partially regulated by miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Boos
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Anja Schmitt
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Paul Komminoth
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Stadtspital Triemli, Birmensdorferstr. 497, 8063 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Cedric Simillion
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Ilaria Marinoni
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Yuri E Nikiforov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Marina N Nikiforova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Aurel Perren
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias S Dettmer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
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Cui Y, Yang Y, Ren L, Yang J, Wang B, Xing T, Chen H, Chen M. miR-15a-3p Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting SLC39A7 Via Downregulating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:472-479. [PMID: 31135177 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: MiR-15a-3p has been reported as a tumor suppressor in several kinds of cancer, including cervical cancer and gastric cancer. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its role in prostate cancer (PCa) remain largely unknown. Methods: The expression of miR-15a-3p was determined in PCa tissues and cell lines using quantitative real time PCR. The biological function of miR-15a-3p in PCa cells was investigated using a MTT assay, Edu staining and transwell assay. Moreover, luciferase reporter assay, quantitative real time PCR and western blotting were used to identify and verify the direct downstream target of miR-15a-3p. Results: We found that the expression of miR-15a-3p was down-regulated in both PCa tissues and cell lines. The in vitro results showed that miR-15a-3p overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via down-regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in PCa cells. Moreover, SLC39A7 was a direct downstream target of miR-15a-3p. Furthermore, SLC39A7 overexpression attenuated the effects of miR-15a-3p on cell proliferation, invasion, Wnt/β-catenin pathway and EMT molecules. Conclusions: In summary, our study indicated that miR-15a-3p inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and EMT process of PCa cells via targeting SLC39A7 and suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which may represent a new therapeutic objective for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cui
- Department of Urology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Ren
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Shanxi, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tianjun Xing
- Department of Urology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huiqing Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mingxiao Chen
- Cancer Radiotherapy Center, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Dettmer MS, Schmitt A, Komminoth P, Perren A. [Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma : An underdiagnosed entity. German version]. DER PATHOLOGE 2019; 40:227-234. [PMID: 31093689 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-019-0613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTCs) are a rare subtype of thyroid carcinomas that are biologically situated between well-differentiated papillary/follicular thyroid carcinomas and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs).The diagnosis of conventional as well as oncocytic poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma is difficult and often missed in daily routine. The current WHO criteria to allow the diagnosis of PDTCs are based on the results of a consensus meeting held in Turin in 2006. Even a minor poorly differentiated component of only 10% of a given carcinoma significantly affects patient prognosis and the oncocytic subtype may even have a worse outcome. Immunohistochemistry is not much help and is mostly used to exclude a medullary thyroid carcinoma with calcitonin and to establish a follicular cell of origin via thyroglobulin staining.Due to the concept of stepwise dedifferentiation, there is a vast overlap of different molecular alterations like BRAF, RAS, CTNNB1, TP53 and others between different thyroid carcinoma subtypes. A distinctive molecular tumor profile is therefore currently not available.PDTCs have a unique miRNA signature, which separates them from other thyroid carcinomas.The average relapse free survival is less than one year and about 50% of patients die of the disease. Modern tyrosine kinase inhibitors offer in conjunction with powerful molecular diagnostic new chances in these difficult to treat carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Dettmer
- Institut für Pathologie, Universität Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3008, Bern, Schweiz.
| | - A Schmitt
- Institut für Pathologie, Universität Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3008, Bern, Schweiz
| | - P Komminoth
- Institut für Pathologie, Stadtspital Triemli, Birmensdorferstraße 497, 8063, Zürich, Schweiz
| | - A Perren
- Institut für Pathologie, Universität Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3008, Bern, Schweiz
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Martínez JRW, Vargas-Salas S, Gamboa SU, Muñoz E, Domínguez JM, León A, Droppelmann N, Solar A, Zafereo M, Holsinger FC, González HE. The Combination of RET, BRAF and Demographic Data Identifies Subsets of Patients with Aggressive Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Discov Oncol 2019; 10:97-106. [DOI: 10.1007/s12672-019-0359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Fukuhisa H, Seki N, Idichi T, Kurahara H, Yamada Y, Toda H, Kita Y, Kawasaki Y, Tanoue K, Mataki Y, Maemura K, Natsugoe S. Gene regulation by antitumor miR-130b-5p in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: the clinical significance of oncogenic EPS8. J Hum Genet 2019; 64:521-534. [DOI: 10.1038/s10038-019-0584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
Genomic, clinical, and pathologic studies have prompted a more risk-stratified approach to the management of patients with thyroid nodules. The recent nomenclature change concerning noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features reflects the clinical trend toward conservative treatment choices for carefully selected low-risk thyroid neoplasms. These developments have occurred in parallel with a growing array of molecular tests intended to improve clinical triage for patients with indeterminate fine needle aspiration diagnoses. This review discusses the implications of the nomenclature revision on the interpretation of thyroid fine needle aspiration and updates available ancillary molecular tests for thyroid fine needle aspirations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiya Nishino
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Jeffrey F Krane
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Amory 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zarkesh M, Zadeh-Vakili A, Azizi F, Foroughi F, Akhavan MM, Hedayati M. Altered Epigenetic Mechanisms in Thyroid Cancer Subtypes. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 22:41-56. [PMID: 28986854 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the endocrine system. Molecular methods for diagnosis of invasive thyroid disease can be effectively adopted. Epigenetic factors play an important role in the diversity patterns of gene expression and the phenotypic and biological characteristics of TC subtypes. We aimed to review epigenetic changes in the main subtypes of TC, along with a presentation of the methods that have examined these changes, and active clinical trials for the treatment of advanced TCs targeting epigenetic changes. A literature analysis was performed in MEDLINE using PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Scholar for studies published up to 2016, using the keywords: "Epigenetic alterations" OR "Epigenetic changes", "thyroid cancers", "papillary thyroid cancer", "medullary thyroid cancer", "follicular thyroid cancer", and "anaplastic thyroid cancer", which resulted in 310 articles in English. All related abstracts were reviewed and studies were included that were published in English, had available full text, and determined the details of the methods and materials associated with the epigenetic patterns of TC and its subtypes (100 articles). Analysis of epigenetic alterations in TC subtypes helps to identify pathogenesis and can play an important role in the classification and diagnosis of tumors. Epigenetic mechanisms, especially aberrant methylation of DNA and microRNAs (miRs), are likely to play an important role in thyroid tumorigenesis. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of histone modification mechanisms in TC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zarkesh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center (CMERC), Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Zadeh-Vakili
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center (CMERC), Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Foroughi
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maziar Mohammad Akhavan
- Skin Research Center School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center (CMERC), Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
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Sasanakietkul T, Murtha TD, Javid M, Korah R, Carling T. Epigenetic modifications in poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 469:23-37. [PMID: 28552796 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Well-differentiated thyroid cancer accounts for the majority of endocrine malignancies and, in general, has an excellent prognosis. In contrast, the less common poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) are two of the most aggressive human malignancies. Recently, there has been an increased focus on the epigenetic alterations underlying thyroid carcinogenesis, including those that drive PDTC and ATC. Dysregulated epigenetic candidates identified include the Aurora group, KMT2D, PTEN, RASSF1A, multiple non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), and the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex. A deeper understanding of the signaling pathways affected by epigenetic dysregulation may improve prognostic testing and support the advancement of thyroid-specific epigenetic therapies. This review outlines the current understanding of epigenetic alterations observed in PDTC and ATC and explores the potential for exploiting this understanding in developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyawat Sasanakietkul
- Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Timothy D Murtha
- Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mahsa Javid
- Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Reju Korah
- Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tobias Carling
- Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Liang L, Zheng X, Hu M, Cui Y, Zhong Q, Wang S, Huang F. MiRNA-221/222 in thyroid cancer: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 484:284-292. [PMID: 29894779 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A meta-analysis was performed to observe whether a difference in miRNA-221/222 expression exists in thyroid cancer with normal thyroid or BTLs (benign thyroid lesions) and, under this premise, assess its diagnostic efficacy for thyroid cancer. METHODS Systematic electronic literature searches were conducted to include PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science. The combined fold change (FC) was calculated, and pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were calculated. RESULTS Twenty-seven articles were included in this meta-analysis. The combined FC of miRNA-221/222 were 13.85 and 13.75 in thyroid cancer with normal control. For miRNA-221/222, the pooled sensitivity was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.73-0.85), specificity was 0.84 (95% CI = 0.76-0.90) and AUC (area under the curve) value was 0.88 (0.85-0.91). For miRNA-221, the pooled sensitivity was 0.82 (95% CI = 0.76-0.86) and specificity was 0.84 (95%CI = 0.74-0.91). For miRNA-222, the pooled sensitivity was 0.78 (95%CI = 0.68-0.85) and specificity was 0.83 (95% CI = 0.70-0.92). CONCLUSION Differences in expression levels of miRNA-221/222 can provide clues for exploring the etiology of thyroid cancer. In addition, miRNA-221/222 were promising molecular biomarkers that may significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xucai Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck, Breast Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital (West Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Mingjun Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yanjie Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shengying Wang
- Department of Head and Neck, Breast Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital (West Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, Anhui 230088, China.
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Central Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Tan X, Zhang Q, Liu C, Zhang Y. MiR-23b-3p induces the proliferation and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas cells through the inhibition of EBF3. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:605-614. [PMID: 29750239 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), some small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, are always aberrantly expressed in carcinomas. In this study, we found that miR-23b-3p was remarkably up-regulated in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells and tissues. Moreover, miR-23b-3p could induce the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in vitro. EBF3 was identified as the direct downstream target gene of miR-23b-3p and ectogenic EBF3 could strongly inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in vitro. Furthermore, it was found that miR-23b-3p could regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition progress by blocking EBF3. Therefore, it was concluded that miR-23b-3p targeted EBF3 to accelerate the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Xiaoping Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Chaoyong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Li D, Wang Q, Li N, Zhang S. miR‑205 targets YAP1 and inhibits proliferation and invasion in thyroid cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1674-1681. [PMID: 29845281 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA‑205 (miR‑205) has been reported to be downregulated, and serves critical roles in the pathogenesis and progression of several types of cancer, including breast, prostate and lung cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of miR‑205 in thyroid cancer remains unclear. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the expression of miR‑205 was reduced in thyroid cancer tissues compared with non‑cancer tissues. In addition, miR‑205‑knockdown models in the BHT‑101 cell line and ectopic expression models in the 8505‑C cell line were used to measure the biological functions of miR‑205. The results indicated that miR‑205 inhibited certain aspects of thyroid cancer, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, Yes‑associated protein 1 (YAP1) was identified as a target gene of miR‑205 and its expression was negatively correlated with that of miR‑205 in thyroid cancer tissues. Depletion of YAP1 partially reduced the anti‑miR‑205‑induced cell growth and invasion. The results of the present study suggested that the tumor suppressive functions of miR‑205 via targeting YAP1 could be a novel target for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Shuilong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
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Huang P, Mao LF, Zhang ZP, Lv WW, Feng XP, Liao HJ, Dong C, Kaluba B, Tang XF, Chang S. Down-Regulated miR-125a-5p Promotes the Reprogramming of Glucose Metabolism and Cell Malignancy by Increasing Levels of CD147 in Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2018; 28:613-623. [PMID: 29634399 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2017.0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD147 contributes to increased aerobic glycolysis through which it promotes tumor growth. Accumulating evidence suggests that CD147 exerts a variety of functions in thyroid cancer (TC) progression but the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic value of CD147 remain unclear. METHODS CD147 levels in TC tissues were analyzed to assess its relationship with prognosis and disease progression. A microRNA (miRNA) microarray and bioinformatics approach were used to identify microRNA regulators of CD147 through measurement of the expression and functions of these miRNAs in TC tissues and cell lines. Precursor miRNA-transfected cells were used to assess regulation of CD147 by miRNA. The effect of miRNA on TC cells via inhibition of glycolysis through CD147 targeting was also evaluated. RESULTS We found that miR-125a-5p regulates CD147 and is negatively correlated with its expression and function. Moreover, CD147 knockdown or increased miR-125a-5p expression significantly reduced the viability, migration, and invasion of TC cells. Our mechanistic studies demonstrate that, through directly repressing the expression of the CD147 protein, miR-125a-5p suppresses aerobic glycolysis and lactate production and subsequently reduces TC cell viability, migration, and invasion, thereby exerting tumor suppressor functions. CONCLUSIONS The novel connection identified between miR-125a-5p and CD147 suggests a new diagnostic and prognostic role for miR-125a-5p and that CD147 inhibition may be a candidate therapeutic target in the therapy of for TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Lin-Feng Mao
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Wu-Wu Lv
- 2 Institute of Medical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Xue-Ping Feng
- 2 Institute of Medical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Hui-Jun Liao
- 3 Department of General Surgery, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital , Chenzhou, China
| | - Chao Dong
- 4 Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya International Medical Center-Surgical Ward, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Benson Kaluba
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Tang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Shi Chang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Central South University , Changsha, China
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Differential expression levels of plasma microRNA in Hashimoto's disease. Gene 2018; 642:152-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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41
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Mazzoccoli G, Colangelo T, Panza A, Rubino R, Tiberio C, Palumbo O, Carella M, Trombetta D, Gentile A, Tavano F, Valvano MR, Storlazzi CT, Macchia G, De Cata A, Bisceglia G, Capocefalo D, Colantuoni V, Sabatino L, Piepoli A, Mazza T. Analysis of clock gene-miRNA correlation networks reveals candidate drivers in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45444-45461. [PMID: 27323779 PMCID: PMC5216733 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered functioning of the biological clock is involved in cancer onset and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) interact with the clock genes modulating the function of genetically encoded molecular clockworks. Collaborative interactions may take place within the coding-noncoding RNA regulatory networks. We aimed to evaluate the cross-talk among miRNAs and clock genes in colorectal cancer (CRC). We performed an integrative analysis of miRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions on high-throughput molecular profiling of matched human CRC tissue and non-tumor mucosa, pinpointing core clock genes and their targeting miRNAs. Data obtained in silico were validated in CRC patients and human colon cancer cell lines. In silico we found severe alterations of clock gene–related coding-noncoding RNA regulatory networks in tumor tissues, which were later corroborated by the analysis of human CRC specimens and experiments performed in vitro. In conclusion, specific miRNAs target and regulate the transcription/translation of clock genes and clock gene-related miRNA-miRNA as well as mRNA-miRNA interactions are altered in colorectal cancer. Exploration of the interplay between specific miRNAs and genes, which are critically involved in the functioning of the biological clock, provides a better understanding of the importance of the miRNA-clock genes axis and its derangement in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna Panza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Rosa Rubino
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Cristiana Tiberio
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Medical Genetics Service, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Medical Genetics Service, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Oncology-Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Annamaria Gentile
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Valvano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | | | - Gemma Macchia
- Department of Biology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo De Cata
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Giovanni Bisceglia
- Department of Surgical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Daniele Capocefalo
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Vittorio Colantuoni
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Ada Piepoli
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
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Nishino M, Nikiforova M. Update on Molecular Testing for Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018; 142:446-457. [PMID: 29336606 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0174-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT - Approximately 15% to 30% of thyroid nodules that undergo fine-needle aspiration are classified as cytologically indeterminate, presenting management challenges for patients and clinicians alike. During the past several years, several molecular tests have been developed to reduce the diagnostic uncertainty of indeterminate thyroid fine-needle aspirations. OBJECTIVE - To review the methodology, clinical validation, and recent peer-reviewed literature for 4 molecular tests that are currently marketed for cytologically indeterminate thyroid fine-needle aspiration specimens: Afirma, ThyroSeq, ThyGenX/ThyraMIR, and RosettaGX Reveal. DATA SOURCES - Peer-reviewed literature retrieved from PubMed search, data provided by company websites and representatives, and authors' personal experiences. CONCLUSIONS - The 4 commercially available molecular tests for thyroid cytology offer unique approaches to improve the risk stratification of thyroid nodules. Familiarity with data from the validation studies as well as the emerging literature about test performance in the postvalidation setting can help users to select and interpret these tests in a clinically meaningful way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Nikiforova
- From the Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Nishino); and the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Nikiforova)
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Acquaviva G, Visani M, Repaci A, Rhoden KJ, de Biase D, Pession A, Giovanni T. Molecular pathology of thyroid tumours of follicular cells: a review of genetic alterations and their clinicopathological relevance. Histopathology 2018; 72:6-31. [PMID: 29239040 DOI: 10.1111/his.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Knowledge of the molecular pathology of thyroid tumours originating from follicular cells has greatly advanced in the past several years. Common molecular alterations, such as BRAF p.V600E, RAS point mutations, and fusion oncogenes (RET-PTC being the prototypical example), have been, respectively, associated with conventional papillary carcinoma, follicular-patterned tumours (follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, and the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma/non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features), and with papillary carcinomas from young patients and arising after exposure to ionising radiation, respectively. The remarkable correlation between genotype and phenotype shows how specific, mutually exclusive molecular changes can promote tumour development and initiate a multistep tumorigenic process that is characterised by aberrant activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-PTEN-AKT signalling. Molecular alterations are becoming useful biomarkers for diagnosis and risk stratification, and as potential treatment targets for aggressive forms of thyroid carcinoma. What follows is a review of the principal genetic alterations of thyroid tumours originating from follicular cells and of their clinicopathological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Acquaviva
- Anatomical Pathology, Molecular Diagnostic Unit, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Visani
- Anatomical Pathology, Molecular Diagnostic Unit, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Repaci
- Endocrinology Unit, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kerry J Rhoden
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Molecular Diagnostic Unit, University of Bologna, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pession
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Molecular Diagnostic Unit, University of Bologna, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tallini Giovanni
- Anatomical Pathology, Molecular Diagnostic Unit, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Saglietti C, Onenerk AM, Faquin WC, Sykiotis GP, Ziadi S, Bongiovanni M. FNA diagnosis of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. A review of the recent literature. Cytopathology 2017; 28:467-474. [PMID: 29094425 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a follicular cell-derived tumour that was recognised as a distinct entity by the World Health Organisation in 2004. The natural history and pathological features of PDTC are reported to be intermediate between those of well-differentiated and undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinomas. Preoperative identification of PDTC could facilitate better initial patient management in many cases, namely more extensive surgery, without any delay. However, according to some experts, a diagnosis of PDTC can only be rendered on histologic specimens based on criteria recommended in the Turin proposal. Although high-grade features (namely necrosis and mitoses) can be recognised in FNA material, other cytomorphological features have limited value for the preoperative diagnosis of PDTC and specific features for a definitive diagnosis of PDTC have not yet been clearly defined. Here, we review the current status and future prospects for cytological recognition of PDTC; we emphasise the features that should raise suspicion of this rare condition in FNA cytology and provide an update on molecular features and management of PDTC. Despite proposed histological criteria for the diagnosis of PDTC, its recognition on routine thyroid cytology presents a notable challenge. Current and future advances in molecular testing could contribute to the cytological diagnosis of PDTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Saglietti
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A M Onenerk
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W C Faquin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G P Sykiotis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Ziadi
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Bongiovanni
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Shi J, Fu Q, Yang P, Liu H, Ji L, Wang K. Downregulation of microRNA‐15a‐3p is correlated with clinical outcome and negatively regulates cancer proliferation and migration in human osteosarcoma. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1215-1222. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Shi
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'anChina
- First Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of HematologyXi'an Children's HospitalXi'anChina
| | - Pei Yang
- First Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Huitong Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'anChina
| | - Le Ji
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'anChina
| | - Kunzheng Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'anChina
- First Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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Gao T, Gu G, Tian J, Zhang R, Zheng X, Wang Y, Pang Q, Liu Q. LncRNA HSP90AA1-IT1 promotes gliomas by targeting miR-885-5p-CDK2 pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75284-75297. [PMID: 29088865 PMCID: PMC5650420 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that ncRNAs are emerging as important regulators in various types of cancers, however, their functions and contributions in cancers remain insufficiently defined. In this study, we reported the expression levels of a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), named HSP90AA1-IT1 (HSP90AA1 intronic transcript 1), appeared to correlate with the pathological grades of gliomas and high level of HSP90AA1-IT1 indicated poor prognosis. Downregulation of HSP90AA1-IT1 in the glioma cell lines significantly suppressed cell viability, proliferation, EMT, invasion and migration in addition to an increase in apoptosis and aberrant cell cycle progression. The tumorigenic capacity of these cells in vivo were also inhibited. We further demonstrated that the oncogenic effects of HSP90AA1-IT1 could be mediated by a direct binding to miR-885-5p. Sharing the same binding sites with CDK2, a key regulator in gliomagenesis, HSP90AA1-IT1 competitively bound to miR-885-5p, thereby prevented CDK2 from miR-885-5p mediated post-transcriptional repression. Taken together, it is concluded that HSP90AA1-IT1, performs its function via regulating the development of gliomas through miR-885-5p-CDK2 signaling axis, and this has added new perspective to its role in tumorigenesis, thus providing potential therapeutic targets for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taihong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Guangyan Gu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jingxia Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangrong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
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Tong L, Chu M, Yan B, Zhao W, Liu S, Wei W, Lou H, Zhang S, Ma S, Xu J, Wei L. MTDH promotes glioma invasion through regulating miR-130b-ceRNAs. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17738-17749. [PMID: 28107197 PMCID: PMC5392282 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell invasion is crucial for high mortality and recurrence rate in glioma. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important step in cancer invasion. Metadherin (MTDH) contributes to EMT in several cancers, but the role and mechanism of MTDH in EMT-like process of glioma remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that MTDH was overexpressed in glioma tissues and cells and induced EMT-like change and invasion of glioma cells. Interestingly, MTDH could modulate the expression of a group of glioma-related miRNAs. In particular, MTDH upregulated miR-130b transcription via acting as a coactivator of NF-kB. MiR-130b promoted EMT-like change and invasion of glioma cells through targeting multiple EMT-related genes, including PTEN, PPP2CA and SMAD7. In addition, PTEN acted as the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to affect PPP2CA and SMAD7 expression, and inhibited EMT-like change in glioma cells. Furthermore, miR-130b mediated EMT-like change induced by MTDH, and MTDH inhibited the expression levels of PTEN, PPP2CA and SMAD7. Taken together, we reveal a novel mechanism that MTDH induces EMT-like change and invasion of glioma via the regulation of miR-130b-ceRNAs, providing the first direct link between MTDH and miRNAs in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Tong
- Wu Lien-Teh institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Pathogen Biology, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ming Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bingqing Yan
- Wu Lien-Teh institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Pathogen Biology, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Weiyi Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Huihuang Lou
- Wu Lien-Teh institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Pathogen Biology, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shengkun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology and Bio-Pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- Wu Lien-Teh institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Pathogen Biology, Harbin 150081, China
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Tessitore A, Mastroiaco V, Vetuschi A, Sferra R, Pompili S, Cicciarelli G, Barnabei R, Capece D, Zazzeroni F, Capalbo C, Alesse E. Development of hepatocellular cancer induced by long term low fat-high carbohydrate diet in a NAFLD/NASH mouse model. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53482-53494. [PMID: 28881825 PMCID: PMC5581124 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease. It can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and, in a percentage of cases, to hepatocarcinogenesis. The strong incidence in western countries of obesity and metabolic syndrome, whose NAFLD is the hepatic expression, is thought to be correlated to consumption of diets characterized by processed food and sweet beverages. Previous studies described high-fat diet-induced liver tumors. Conversely, the involvement of low-fat/high-carbohydrate diet in the progression of liver disease or cancer initiation has not been described yet. Here we show for the first time hepatic cancer formation in low-fat/high-carbohydrate diet fed NAFLD/NASH mouse model. Animals were long term high-fat, low-fat/high-carbohydrate or standard diet fed. We observed progressive liver damage in low-fat/high-carbohydrate and high-fat animals after 12 and, more, 18 months. Tumors were detected in 20% and 50% of high-fat diet fed mice after 12 and 18 months and, interestingly, in 30% of low-fat/high-carbohydrate fed animals after 18 months. No tumors were detected in standard diet fed mice. Global increase of hepatic interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and hepatocyte growth factor was detected in low-fat/high-carbohydrate and high-fat with respect to standard diet fed mice as well as in tumor with respect to non-tumor bearing mice. A panel of 15 microRNAs was analyzed: some of them revealed differential expression in low-fat/high-carbohydrate with respect to high-fat diet fed groups and in tumors. Data here shown provide the first evidence of the involvement of low-fat/high-carbohydrate diet in hepatic damage leading to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tessitore
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Valentina Mastroiaco
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Vetuschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberta Sferra
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Simona Pompili
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Germana Cicciarelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Remo Barnabei
- S. Salvatore Hospital, Unit of Laboratory Medicine, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Zazzeroni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University "La Sapienza", 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Edoardo Alesse
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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49
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Huang LL, Huang LW, Wang L, Tong BD, Wei Q, Ding XS. Potential role of miR-139-5p in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1215-1222. [PMID: 28789336 PMCID: PMC5529864 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of protein-coding genes by partially binding to specific target sites of mRNAs. miRNAs perform important functions in complicated cellular biological processes and their abnormal expression is involved in various disorders, including cancer. Among the miRNAs, differential expression of miR-139-5p serves a significant role in tumorigenesis, metastasis and recurrence, thus suggesting that it may potentially be used as a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. miR-139-5p is expected to serve as a biomarker to eventually be implemented in a clinical setting. In the present review, we focus on the importance of miR-139-5p in cancer, summarize the association between miR-139-5p expression level and diagnosis and prognosis, and discuss the potential therapeutic implications for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Ben-Ding Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Sheng Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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50
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Xiao ZQ, Yin TK, Li YX, Zhang JH, Gu JJ. miR-130b regulates the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of glioma cells via targeting of CYLD. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:167-174. [PMID: 28534976 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that play important roles in gliomas. However, the role of miR-130b in glioma remains unclear. In the present study, miR-130b expression was upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the upregulation of miR-130b expression correlated with poor prognoses in glioma patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that this upregulation and a high-grade classification were independent factors that both predicted poor outcomes for glioma patients. Dual-luciferase assays identified that the cylindromatosis (CYLD) gene is a direct target of miR-130b. Functional studies demonstrated that a miR-130b mimic significantly promoted the growth and invasion of glioma cells, while also inhibiting apoptosis via selective targeting of CYLD, which was enhanced by CYLD-targeted siRNA. In contrast, a miR‑130b inhibitor suppressed these biological behaviors, and this inhibition was reversed by CYLD-targeted siRNA. These data revealed that miR-130b could act as a novel potential diagnostic biomarker for glioma, while also demonstrating the importance of miR‑130b in the cell proliferation and progression of glioma, indicating that it may serve as a useful therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Teng-Kun Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Xing Li
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Jian-He Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Gu
- Stroke Center, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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