1
|
Mendez DA, Soñanez-Organis JG, Yang X, Vazquez-Anaya G, Nishiyama A, Ortiz RM. Exogenous thyroxine increases cardiac GLUT4 translocation in insulin resistant OLETF rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 590:112254. [PMID: 38677465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
During insulin resistance, the heart undergoes a metabolic shift in which fatty acids (FA) account for roughly about 99% of the ATP production. This metabolic shift is indicative of impaired glucose metabolism. A shift in FA metabolism with impaired glucose tolerance can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately leading to cardiomyopathy. Thyroid hormones (TH) may improve the glucose intolerance by increasing glucose reabsorption and metabolism in peripheral tissues, but little is known on its effects on cardiac tissue during insulin resistance. In the present study, insulin resistant Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were used to assess the effects of exogenous thyroxine (T4) on glucose metabolism in cardiac tissue. Rats were assigned to four groups: (1) lean, Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO; n=6), (2) LETO + T4 (8 μg/100 g BM/d × 5 wks; n = 7), (3) untreated OLETF (n = 6), and (4) OLETF + T4 (8 μg/100 g BM/d × 5 wks; n = 7). T4 increased GLUT4 gene expression by 85% in OLETF and increased GLUT4 protein translocation to the membrane by 294%. Additionally, T4 increased p-AS160 by 285%, phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) mRNA, the rate limiting step in glycolysis, by 98% and hexokinase II by 64% in OLETF. T4 decreased both CPT2 mRNA and protein expression in OLETF. The results suggest that exogenous T4 has the potential to increase glucose uptake and metabolism while simultaneously reducing fatty acid transport in the heart of insulin resistant rats. Thus, L-thyroxine may have therapeutic value to help correct the impaired substrate metabolism associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dora A Mendez
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
| | - José G Soñanez-Organis
- Division of Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Biological and Agropecuary Sciences, University of Sonora, Navojoa, SON, Mexico
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Guillermo Vazquez-Anaya
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University Medical School, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Rudy M Ortiz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bertossa MR, Darby JRT, Holman SL, Meakin AS, Li C, Huber HF, Wiese MD, Nathanielsz PW, Morrison JL. Maternal high fat-high energy diet alters metabolic factors in the non-human primate fetal heart. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39087821 DOI: 10.1113/jp286861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The consumption of high fat-high energy diets (HF-HEDs) continues to rise worldwide and parallels the rise in maternal obesity (MO) that predisposes offspring to cardiometabolic disorders. Although the underlying mechanisms are unclear, thyroid hormones (TH) modulate cardiac maturation in utero. Therefore, we aimed to determine the impact of a high fat-high energy diet (HF-HED) on the hormonal, metabolic and contractility profile of the non-human primate (NHP) fetal heart. At ∼9 months preconception, female baboons (Papio hamadryas) were randomly assigned to either a control diet or HF-HED. At 165 days gestational age (term = 184 days), fetuses were delivered by Caesarean section under anaesthesia, humanely killed, and left ventricular cardiac tissue (Control (n = 6 female, 6 male); HF-HED (n = 6 F, 6 M)) was collected. Maternal HF-HED decreased the concentration of active cardiac TH (i.e. triiodothyronine (T3)), and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1) mRNA expression. Maternal HF-HED decreased the abundance of cardiac markers of insulin-mediated glucose uptake phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (Ser789) and glucose transporter 4, and increased protein abundance of key oxidative phosphorylation complexes (I, III, IV) and mitochondrial abundance in both sexes. Maternal HF-HED alters cardiac TH status, which may induce early signs of cardiac insulin resistance. This may increase the risk of cardiometabolic disorders in later life in offspring born to these pregnancies. KEY POINTS: Babies born to mothers who consume a high fat-high energy diet (HF-HED) prior to and during pregnancy are predisposed to an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders across the life course. Maternal HF-HED prior to and during pregnancy decreased thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase DIO1 mRNA expression in the non-human primate fetal heart. Maternal HF-HED decreased markers of insulin-dependent glucose uptake, phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 and glucose transporter 4 in the fetal heart. Maternal HF-HED increased mitochondrial abundance and mitochondrial OXPHOS complex I, III and IV in the fetal heart. Fetuses from HF-HED pregnancies are predisposed to cardiometabolic disorders that may be mediated by changes in T3, placing them on a poor lifetime cardiovascular health trajectory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Bertossa
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jack R T Darby
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stacey L Holman
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ashley S Meakin
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Hillary F Huber
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael D Wiese
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Janna L Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fetterman KA, Blancard M, Lyra-Leite DM, Vanoye CG, Fonoudi H, Jouni M, DeKeyser JML, Lenny B, Sapkota Y, George AL, Burridge PW. Independent compartmentalization of functional, metabolic, and transcriptional maturation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114160. [PMID: 38678564 PMCID: PMC11247623 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) recapitulate numerous disease and drug response phenotypes, but cell immaturity may limit their accuracy and fidelity as a model system. Cell culture medium modification is a common method for enhancing maturation, yet prior studies have used complex media with little understanding of individual component contribution, which may compromise long-term hiPSC-CM viability. Here, we developed high-throughput methods to measure hiPSC-CM maturation, determined factors that enhanced viability, and then systematically assessed the contribution of individual maturation medium components. We developed a medium that is compatible with extended culture. We discovered that hiPSC-CM maturation can be sub-specified into electrophysiological/EC coupling, metabolism, and gene expression and that induction of these attributes is largely independent. In this work, we establish a defined baseline for future studies of cardiomyocyte maturation. Furthermore, we provide a selection of medium formulae, optimized for distinct applications and priorities, that promote measurable attributes of maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Ashley Fetterman
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Malorie Blancard
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Davi M Lyra-Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Carlos G Vanoye
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hananeh Fonoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mariam Jouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jean-Marc L DeKeyser
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Brian Lenny
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yadav Sapkota
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Alfred L George
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Paul W Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tribondeau A, Du Pasquier D, Benchouaia M, Blugeon C, Buisine N, Sachs LM. Overlapping action of T 3 and T 4 during Xenopus laevis development. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1360188. [PMID: 38529399 PMCID: PMC10961411 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1360188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are involved in many biological processes such as neurogenesis, metabolism, and development. However, compounds called endocrine disruptors can alter thyroid hormone signaling and induce unwanted effects on human and ecosystems health. Regulatory tests have been developed to detect these compounds but need to be significantly improved by proposing novel endpoints and key events. The Xenopus Eleutheroembryonic Thyroid Assay (XETA, OECD test guideline no. 248) is one such test. It is based on Xenopus laevis tadpoles, a particularly sensitive model system for studying the physiology and disruption of thyroid hormone signaling: amphibian metamorphosis is a spectacular (thus easy to monitor) life cycle transition governed by thyroid hormones. With a long-term objective of providing novel molecular markers under XETA settings, we propose first to describe the differential effects of thyroid hormones on gene expression, which, surprisingly, are not known. After thyroid hormones exposure (T3 or T4), whole tadpole RNAs were subjected to transcriptomic analysis. By using standard approaches coupled to system biology, we found similar effects of the two thyroid hormones. They impact the cell cycle and promote the expression of genes involves in cell proliferation. At the level of the whole tadpole, the immune system is also a prime target of thyroid hormone action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Tribondeau
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Département Adaptation du Vivant, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Alliance Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | | | - Médine Benchouaia
- Genomique ENS, Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universités Paris Sciences & Lettres (PSL), Paris, France
| | - Corinne Blugeon
- Genomique ENS, Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universités Paris Sciences & Lettres (PSL), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Buisine
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Département Adaptation du Vivant, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Alliance Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Laurent M. Sachs
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Département Adaptation du Vivant, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Alliance Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang M, Zhang S, Teng Y, Ru X, Zhu L, Han Y, Tao X, Cao H, Yan S, Tao F, Huang K. Association of Maternal TSH, FT4 With Children's BMI Trajectories, and Obesity: A Birth Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 109:e190-e199. [PMID: 37526290 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between maternal TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), and children's body mass index (BMI) trajectories and obesity. METHOD Based on the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort in China, we repeatedly assayed maternal thyroid functions in 3 trimesters of pregnancy. Children's height and weight were measured 15 times before they were age 6 years. Body fat was assessed when children were aged 6 years. Mplus software was used to fit maternal thyroid hormone trajectories and BMI trajectories. Multivariate logistic regression models and generalized linear models were used in data analysis. RESULTS Low maternal FT4 trajectory was observed to be related to an increased risk of a high children's BMI trajectory and overweight, with an odds ratio and 95% CI of 1.580 (1.169-2.135) and 1.505 (1.064-2.129), respectively. Increased maternal FT4 concentrations in the first, second, and third trimesters were associated with a decreased risk of high children's BMI trajectories and obesity. There was a positive association between low maternal FT4 trajectory and 6-year-old children's body fat ratio with β and 95% CI of 0.983 (0.138-1.829). Furthermore, negative correlations between maternal FT4 concentration in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and body fat ratio were observed. CONCLUSIONS Low maternal FT4 trajectory during pregnancy may predict a high BMI trajectory in children and relate to overweight and high body fat ratio in 6-year-old children. High maternal FT4 concentrations throughout pregnancy may be associated with the decreasing risk of obesity and low body fat ratio in 6-year-old children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yuzhu Teng
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Xue Ru
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yan Han
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Xingyong Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Maternal and Child Health Center in Ma'anshan, Ma'anshan 243000, China
| | - Shuangqin Yan
- Maternal and Child Health Center in Ma'anshan, Ma'anshan 243000, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230000, China
- Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Volmert B, Kiselev A, Juhong A, Wang F, Riggs A, Kostina A, O'Hern C, Muniyandi P, Wasserman A, Huang A, Lewis-Israeli Y, Panda V, Bhattacharya S, Lauver A, Park S, Qiu Z, Zhou C, Aguirre A. A patterned human primitive heart organoid model generated by pluripotent stem cell self-organization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8245. [PMID: 38086920 PMCID: PMC10716495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids can recapitulate significant features of organ development in vitro. We hypothesized that creating human heart organoids by mimicking aspects of in utero gestation (e.g., addition of metabolic and hormonal factors) would lead to higher physiological and anatomical relevance. We find that heart organoids produced using this self-organization-driven developmental induction strategy are remarkably similar transcriptionally and morphologically to age-matched human embryonic hearts. We also show that they recapitulate several aspects of cardiac development, including large atrial and ventricular chambers, proepicardial organ formation, and retinoic acid-mediated anterior-posterior patterning, mimicking the developmental processes found in the post-heart tube stage primitive heart. Moreover, we provide proof-of-concept demonstration of the value of this system for disease modeling by exploring the effects of ondansetron, a drug administered to pregnant women and associated with congenital heart defects. These findings constitute a significant technical advance for synthetic heart development and provide a powerful tool for cardiac disease modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett Volmert
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Artem Kiselev
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Aniwat Juhong
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Biomedical Devices, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ashlin Riggs
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aleksandra Kostina
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Colin O'Hern
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Priyadharshni Muniyandi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aaron Wasserman
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amanda Huang
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yonatan Lewis-Israeli
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Vishal Panda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Systems Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sudin Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Systems Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Adam Lauver
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sangbum Park
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Biomedical Devices, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chattergoon N, Louey S, Jonker SS, Thornburg KL. Thyroid hormone increases fatty acid use in fetal ovine cardiac myocytes. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15865. [PMID: 38010207 PMCID: PMC10680578 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac metabolic substrate preference shifts at parturition from carbohydrates to fatty acids. We hypothesized that thyroid hormone (T3 ) and palmitic acid (PA) stimulate fetal cardiomyocyte oxidative metabolism capacity. T3 was infused into fetal sheep to a target of 1.5 nM. Dispersed cardiomyocytes were assessed for lipid uptake and droplet formation with BODIPY-labeled fatty acids. Myocardial expression levels were assessed PCR. Cardiomyocytes from naïve fetuses were exposed to T3 and PA, and oxygen consumption was measured with the Seahorse Bioanalyzer. Cardiomyocytes (130-day gestational age) exposed to elevated T3 in utero accumulated 42% more long-chain fatty acid droplets than did cells from vehicle-infused fetuses. In utero T3 increased myocardial mRNA levels of CD36, CPT1A, CPT1B, LCAD, VLCAD, HADH, IDH, PDK4, and caspase 9. In vitro exposure to T3 increased maximal oxygen consumption rate in cultured cardiomyocytes in the absence of fatty acids, and when PA was provided as an acute (30 min) supply of cellular energy. Longer-term exposure (24 and 48 h) to PA abrogated increased oxygen consumption rates stimulated by elevated levels of T3 in cultured cardiomyocytes. T3 contributes to metabolic maturation of fetal cardiomyocytes. Prolonged exposure of fetal cardiomyocytes to PA, however, may impair oxidative capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Chattergoon
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Samantha Louey
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Sonnet S. Jonker
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Kent L. Thornburg
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Johnson JP, Yang Y, Yu D, Kubo H, Berretta RM, Wang T, Zhang X, Foster M, Yu J, Tilley DG, Houser SR, Chen X. Effects of maternal hypothyroidism on postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac disease responses of the progeny. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H702-H719. [PMID: 37539452 PMCID: PMC10659327 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00320.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Maternal hypothyroidism (MH) could adversely affect the cardiac disease responses of the progeny. This study tested the hypothesis that MH reduces early postnatal cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation so that the adult heart of MH progeny has a smaller number of larger cardiac myocytes, which imparts adverse cardiac disease responses following injury. Thyroidectomy (TX) was used to establish MH. The progeny from mice that underwent sham or TX surgery were termed Ctrl (control) or MH (maternal hypothyroidism) progeny, respectively. MH progeny had similar heart weight (HW) to body weight (BW) ratios and larger CM size consistent with fewer CMs at postnatal day 60 (P60) compared with Ctrl (control) progeny. MH progeny had lower numbers of EdU+, Ki67+, and phosphorylated histone H3 (PH3)+ CMs, which suggests they had a decreased CM proliferation in the postnatal timeframe. RNA-seq data showed that genes related to DNA replication were downregulated in P5 MH hearts, including bone morphogenetic protein 10 (Bmp10). Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed Bmp10 treatment increased CM proliferation. After transverse aortic constriction (TAC), the MH progeny had more severe cardiac pathological remodeling compared with the Ctrl progeny. Thyroid hormone (T4) treatment for MH mothers preserved their progeny's postnatal CM proliferation capacity and prevented excessive pathological remodeling after TAC. Our results suggest that CM proliferation during early postnatal development was significantly reduced in MH progeny, resulting in fewer CMs with hypertrophy in adulthood. These changes were associated with more severe cardiac disease responses after pressure overload.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study shows that compared with Ctrl (control) progeny, the adult progeny of mothers who have MH (MH progeny) had fewer CMs. This reduction of CM numbers was associated with decreased postnatal CM proliferation. Gene expression studies showed a reduced expression of Bmp10 in MH progeny. Bmp10 has been linked to myocyte proliferation. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that Bmp10 treatment of MH progeny and their myocytes could increase CM proliferation. Differences in CM number and size in adult hearts of MH progeny were linked to more severe cardiac structural and functional remodeling after pressure overload. T4 (synthetic thyroxine) treatment of MH mothers during their pregnancy, prevented the reduction in CM number in their progeny and the adverse response to disease stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jaslyn P Johnson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yijun Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Daohai Yu
- Department of Biomedical Education and Data Science, Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Hajime Kubo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Remus M Berretta
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Michael Foster
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Steven R Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nouri S, Kalantar MH, Safi F, Almasi-Hashiani A. The role of fetal heart rate in first trimester sonograms in prediction of fetal sex: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:582. [PMID: 37573392 PMCID: PMC10422800 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early fetal sex determination is worthy of providing alertness about possible x-linked disorders, as well as predicting sex-related pregnancy complications and outcomes. Satisfying the curiosity of parents is another advantage. In this way, several studies have been performed which have shown conflicting results. AIM We planned a systematic review for identifying any plausible role of Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) for early predicting fetal sex during the first trimester of non-complicated pregnancies. METHODS This is a meta-analysis in which PubMed and Scopus databases were searched using different related keywords to find similar articles up to December 2022. Then the articles were screened to find eligible articles and finally, the articles entered in the meta-analysis were analyzed using Stata software (Stata Corp, College Station, TX). Standardized mean difference (SMD) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. RESULTS A total of 223 articles were evaluated and five articles were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that there is a significant heterogeneity between the articles (p = 0.012, I-squared = 69.0%). The results of meta-analysis with a random model showed that there is no significant difference between male and female genders in terms of mean FHR (SMD = 0.04, 95%CI = -0.09-0.16, Z = 0.59, p = 0.553). CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that even though male fetuses show faster FHR but such sex-related difference is minimal. Therefore, first-trimester FHR is not a reliable predictive test for fetal sex determination. Further studies are recommended to achieve a more precise conclusion. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42023418291.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Nouri
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Arak, University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Safi
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Arak, University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Amir Almasi-Hashiani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Galow AM, Brenmoehl J, Hoeflich A. Synergistic effects of hormones on structural and functional maturation of cardiomyocytes and implications for heart regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:240. [PMID: 37541969 PMCID: PMC10403476 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The limited endogenous regenerative capacity of the human heart renders cardiovascular diseases a major health threat, thus motivating intense research on in vitro heart cell generation and cell replacement therapies. However, so far, in vitro-generated cardiomyocytes share a rather fetal phenotype, limiting their utility for drug testing and cell-based heart repair. Various strategies to foster cellular maturation provide some success, but fully matured cardiomyocytes are still to be achieved. Today, several hormones are recognized for their effects on cardiomyocyte proliferation, differentiation, and function. Here, we will discuss how the endocrine system impacts cardiomyocyte maturation. After detailing which features characterize a mature phenotype, we will contemplate hormones most promising to induce such a phenotype, the routes of their action, and experimental evidence for their significance in this process. Due to their pleiotropic effects, hormones might be not only valuable to improve in vitro heart cell generation but also beneficial for in vivo heart regeneration. Accordingly, we will also contemplate how the presented hormones might be exploited for hormone-based regenerative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Galow
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Julia Brenmoehl
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li B, Liang Y, Bao H, Li D, Zhang Y, Dun X, Xu Z, Ji A, Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhang R, Chen W, Zheng Y, Cui L. Real-ambient particulate matter exposure-induced FGFR1 methylation contributes to cardiac dysfunction via lipid metabolism disruption. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161903. [PMID: 36731555 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM)-induced cardiometabolic disorder contributes to the progression of cardiac diseases, but its epigenetic mechanisms are largely unknown. This study used bioinformatic analysis, in vivo and in vitro multiple models to investigate the role of PM-induced cardiac fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) methylation and its impact on cardiomyocyte lipid metabolic disruption. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that FGFR1 was associated with cardiac pathologies, mitochondrial function and metabolism, supporting the possibility that FGFR1 may play regulatory roles in PM-induced cardiac functional impairment and lipid metabolism disorders. Individually ventilated cage (IVC)-based real-ambient PM exposure system mouse models were used to expose C57/BL6 mice for six and fifteen weeks. The results showed that PM induced cardiac lipid metabolism disorder, DNA nucleotide methyltransferases (DNMTs) alterations and FGFR1 expression declines in mouse heart. Lipidomics analysis revealed that carnitines, phosphoglycerides and lysophosphoglycerides were most significantly affected by PM exposure. At the cellular level, AC16 cells treated with FGFR1 inhibitor (PD173074) led to impaired mitochondrial and metabolic functions in cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of DNA methylation in cells by 5-AZA partially restored the FGFR1 expression, ameliorated cardiomyocyte injury and mitochondrial functions. These changes involved alterations in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-peroxisome proliferator activated receptors gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) pathways. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) and DNA methylation specific PCR (MSP) confirmed that PM exposure induced FGFR1 gene promoter region methylation. These results suggested that, by inducing FGFR1 methylation, PM exposure would affect cardiac injury and deranged lipid metabolism. Overexpression of FGFR1 in mouse heart using adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) effectively alleviated PM-induced cardiac impairment and metabolic disorder. Our findings identified that FGFR1 methylation might be one of the potential indicators for PM-induced cardiac mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, providing novel insights into underlying PM-related cardiotoxic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benying Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanan Liang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongxu Bao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyu Dun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zijian Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Andong Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Purinergic signaling in thyroid disease. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:221-227. [PMID: 35347568 PMCID: PMC9984614 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09858-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that thyroid hormones play pivotal roles in a wide variety of pathological and physiological events. Thyroid diseases, mainly including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer, are highly prevalent worldwide health problems and frequently associated with severe clinical manifestations. However, etiology of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer is not fully understood. Purinergic signaling accounts for a complex network of receptors and extracellular enzymes responsible for the recognition and degradation of extracellular nucleotides and adenosine. It has been established that purinergic signaling modulates pathways in a wide range of physiopathological conditions including hypertension, diabetes, hepatic diseases, psychiatric and neurodegeneration, rheumatic immune diseases, and cancer. More recently, the purinergic system is found to exist in thyroid gland and play an important role in the pathophysiology of thyroid diseases. Therefore, throughout this review, we focus on elaborating the changes in purinergic receptors, extracellular enzymes, and extracellular nucleotides and adenosine in hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer. Profound understanding of the relationship between the purinergic signaling with thyroid diseases provides a promising research area for insights into the molecular basis of thyroid diseases and also develops new and exciting insights into the treatment of thyroid diseases, especially thyroid cancer.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun C, Chen S. Disease-causing mutations in genes encoding transcription factors critical for photoreceptor development. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1134839. [PMID: 37181651 PMCID: PMC10172487 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1134839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoreceptor development of the vertebrate visual system is controlled by a complex transcription regulatory network. OTX2 is expressed in the mitotic retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) and controls photoreceptor genesis. CRX that is activated by OTX2 is expressed in photoreceptor precursors after cell cycle exit. NEUROD1 is also present in photoreceptor precursors that are ready to specify into rod and cone photoreceptor subtypes. NRL is required for the rod fate and regulates downstream rod-specific genes including the orphan nuclear receptor NR2E3 which further activates rod-specific genes and simultaneously represses cone-specific genes. Cone subtype specification is also regulated by the interplay of several transcription factors such as THRB and RXRG. Mutations in these key transcription factors are responsible for ocular defects at birth such as microphthalmia and inherited photoreceptor diseases such as Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and allied dystrophies. In particular, many mutations are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, including the majority of missense mutations in CRX and NRL. In this review, we describe the spectrum of photoreceptor defects that are associated with mutations in the above-mentioned transcription factors, and summarize the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenic mutations. At last, we deliberate the outstanding gaps in our understanding of the genotype-phenotype correlations and outline avenues for future research of the treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Chi Sun,
| | - Shiming Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Forini F, Pitto L. Editorial for Special Issue: "MicroRNA in Cardiac Health and Disease". Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415567. [PMID: 36555208 PMCID: PMC9778875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, evolutionarily conserved, non-coding RNA molecules that influence most, if not all biological events, with cardiovascular development and homeostasis being no exceptions [...].
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang M, Li K, Qu S, Guo Z, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhou J, Ouyang G, Weng R, Li F, Wu Y, Yang X. Integrative analyses of maternal plasma cell-free DNA nucleosome footprint differences reveal chromosomal aneuploidy fetuses gene expression profile. J Transl Med 2022; 20:536. [PMID: 36401256 PMCID: PMC9673457 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosomal aneuploidy is the most common birth defect. However, the developmental mechanism and gene expression profile of fetuses with chromosomal aneuploidy are relatively unknown, and the maternal immune changes induced by fetal aneuploidy remain unclear. The inability to obtain the placenta multiple times in real-time is a bottleneck in research on aneuploid pregnancies. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) carries the gene expression profile information of its source cells and may be used to evaluate the development of fetuses with aneuploidy and the immune changes induced in the mother owing to fetal aneuploidy. Methods Here, we carried out whole-genome sequencing of the plasma cfDNA of 101 pregnant women carrying a fetus with trisomy (trisomy 21, n = 42; trisomy 18, n = 28; trisomy 13, n = 31) based on non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) screening and 140 normal pregnant women to identify differential genes according to the cfDNA nucleosome profile in the region around the transcription start sites (TSSs). Results The plasma cfDNA promoter profiles were found to differ between aneuploid and euploid pregnancies. A total of 158 genes with significant differences were identified, of which 43 genes were upregulated and 98 genes were downregulated. Functional enrichment and signaling pathway analysis were performed based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases found that these signal pathways were mainly related to the coordination of developmental signals during embryonic development, the control of cell growth and development, regulation of neuronal survival, and immune regulation, such as the MAPK, Hippo, TGF-β, and Rap1 signaling pathways, which play important roles in the development of embryonic tissues and organs. Furthermore, based on the results of differential gene analysis, a total of 14 immune-related genes with significant differences from the ImmPort database were collected and analyzed. These significantly different immune genes were mainly associated with the maintenance of embryonic homeostasis and normal development. Conclusions These results suggest that the distribution characteristics of cfDNA nucleosomes in maternal plasma can be used to reflect the status of fetal development and changes of the immune responses in trisomic pregnancies. Overall, our findings may provide research ideas for non-invasive detection of the physiological and pathological states of other diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03735-7.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zuñiga LFF, Muñoz YS, Pustovrh MC. Thyroid hormones: Metabolism and transportation in the fetoplacental unit. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:526-539. [PMID: 36208482 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The thyroid hormones (THs), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are of vital importance for fetal development. The concentration of THs in fetal circulation varies throughout gestation and differs from the concentration in the maternal serum, indicating the presence of maternal-fetal thyroid homeostasis regulatory mechanisms in the placenta. The passage of THs from maternal circulation to fetal circulation is modulated by plasma membrane transporters, enzymes, and carrier proteins. Monocarboxylate transporter 8, iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO2 and DIO3), and transthyretin are especially involved in this maternal-fetal thyroid modulation, shown by a greater expression in the placenta. THs also play a role in placental development and as expected, abnormal variations in TH levels are associated with pregnancy complications and can result in damage to the fetus. Although new evidence regarding TH regulation during pregnancy and its effects in the mother, placenta, and fetus has been published, many aspects of these interactions are still poorly understood. The objective of this review is to provide an evidence-based update, drawn from current data, on the metabolism and transport of THs in the placenta and their vital role in the maternal-fetal relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Felipe Falla Zuñiga
- Department of Morphology, College of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Yhoiss Smiht Muñoz
- Department of Morphology, College of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Maria Carolina Pustovrh
- Department of Morphology, College of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gonzalez DM, Schrode N, Ebrahim TAM, Broguiere N, Rossi G, Drakhlis L, Zweigerdt R, Lutolf MP, Beaumont KG, Sebra R, Dubois NC. Dissecting mechanisms of chamber-specific cardiac differentiation and its perturbation following retinoic acid exposure. Development 2022; 149:275658. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The specification of distinct cardiac lineages occurs before chamber formation and acquisition of bona fide atrial or ventricular identity. However, the mechanisms underlying these early specification events remain poorly understood. Here, we performed single cell analysis at the murine cardiac crescent, primitive heart tube and heart tube stages to uncover the transcriptional mechanisms underlying formation of atrial and ventricular cells. We find that progression towards differentiated cardiomyocytes occurs primarily based on heart field progenitor identity, and that progenitors contribute to ventricular or atrial identity through distinct differentiation mechanisms. We identify new candidate markers that define such differentiation processes and examine their expression dynamics using computational lineage trajectory methods. We further show that exposure to exogenous retinoic acid causes defects in ventricular chamber size, dysregulation in FGF signaling and a shunt in differentiation towards orthogonal lineages. Retinoic acid also causes defects in cell-cycle exit resulting in formation of hypomorphic ventricles. Collectively, our data identify, at a single cell level, distinct lineage trajectories during cardiac specification and differentiation, and the precise effects of manipulating cardiac progenitor patterning via retinoic acid signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Gonzalez
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 1 Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 2 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 4 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Nadine Schrode
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 5 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Tasneem A. M. Ebrahim
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 1 Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 2 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 4 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Nicolas Broguiere
- School of Life Sciences, EPFL 6 Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering , , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Giuliana Rossi
- School of Life Sciences, EPFL 6 Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering , , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Lika Drakhlis
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering 7 , Roche Pharma Research and Early Development , Basel 4052 , Switzerland
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering 7 , Roche Pharma Research and Early Development , Basel 4052 , Switzerland
| | - Matthias P. Lutolf
- School of Life Sciences, EPFL 6 Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering , , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering 7 , Roche Pharma Research and Early Development , Basel 4052 , Switzerland
| | - Kristin G. Beaumont
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 5 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO) 8 , Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG) , , Hannover , Germany
- REBIRTH–Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School 8 , Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG) , , Hannover , Germany
| | - Robert Sebra
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 5 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture 9 , Stamford, CT 06902 , USA
| | - Nicole C. Dubois
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 1 Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 2 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 4 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dong J, Peng T, Li MQ, Xie F, Wu JN. Association between Maternal Thyroxine and Risk of Fetal Congenital Heart Defects: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:3859388. [PMID: 35311035 PMCID: PMC8933103 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3859388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence for the association between maternal thyroxine concentration and the risk of fetal congenital heart defects (CHDs) is absent. We aimed to study the association of maternal free and total thyroxine (FT4 and TT4) concentrations and the free-to-total thyroxine proportion (FTT4P, %) with the risk of CHD. METHODS The study was a hospital-based cohort study of 52,047 women who received a universal thyroid function test between 2012 and 2016. CHD was screened by ultrasound between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation or diagnosed until the 42nd day of birth. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of fetal CHD were estimated for maternal FT4 and TT4 concentrations or the FTT4P by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 41,647 women with singleton pregnancies were included for the analysis and 215 CHD cases were detected. The FT4 concentration was significantly associated with a higher risk of CHDs (OR, 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01 to 1.07). Each 1% higher FTT4P was related to a 1.41-fold (95% CI: 0.27 to 3.59) higher risk of CHDs. The association became stronger for women with a thyroid function test performed between 12 and 18 weeks of gestation (OR = 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.09) for the FT4 concentration and 3.32 (95% CI: 1.43 to 7.73) for the FTT4P). CONCLUSIONS A higher FT4 concentration or FTT4P, measured between 12 and 18 weeks of gestation, was associated with an increased risk of CHDs. These findings may provide new insights into the mechanisms of CHDs and evidence for clinical decisions related to thyroid function tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Nan Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Seok H, Oh JH. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Infants from the Perspective of Cardiomyocyte Maturation. Korean Circ J 2021; 51:733-751. [PMID: 34327880 PMCID: PMC8424452 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in infancy is rare and many fulminant cases are fatal. Infantile HCM shows a rapid progressive clinical course and different characteristics compared with late-onset HCM presenting during the prepubertal age. There are also spontaneously resolving phenotypes of HCM that are diagnosed in neonates being treated for bronchopulmonary dysplasia with corticosteroids or in those with other problems related to maternal endocrine diseases. The pathophysiology of infantile HCM has not been well described. Therefore, this review updates the pathophysiology of infantile HCM and includes molecular studies on maturation of cardiomyocytes from a clinician's point of view. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by ventricular wall hypertrophy with diastolic dysfunction. Pediatric HCM is distinguished from the adult in many aspects. Most children with HCM do not present clinically until the adolescent period, even when they are born with genetic mutations. Some infants with early-onset HCM present with massive progressive myocardial hypertrophy in the first few months of life, which is often fatal. The mortality of pediatric HCM peaks during the infantile and adolescent periods. These periods roughly correlate with children's growth spurt. Non-sarcomeric causes of HCM are more frequent in pediatric HCM, while sarcomeric causes are more common in adults. From the perspective of cardiac development, the fetal heart has immature cardiomyocytes, which are characterized by proliferation and exit their cell cycles with a decreased regenerative property after birth. In the perinatal period, there is a dynamic change in maturation of cardiomyocytes from immature to mature cells. Infants who are treated with steroids or born to mothers with diabetes or hyperthyroidism often show phenotypes of HCM, which gradually resolve. With remarkable advancement of molecular biology, understanding on maturation of cardiomyocytes has increased. Neonates undergo abrupt environmental changes during the transitional circulation, which is affected by oxygen, metabolic and hormonal fluctuations. Derangement in physiological transition to the normal postnatal environment may influence maturation of proliferative immature cardiomyocytes during early infancy. This article reviews updates of infantile HCM and recent molecular studies related to maturation of cardiomyocytes from the clinical point of view of identifying distinct characteristics of infantile HCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heeyoung Seok
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rafatian N, Vizely K, Al Asafen H, Korolj A, Radisic M. Drawing Inspiration from Developmental Biology for Cardiac Tissue Engineers. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000190. [PMID: 34008910 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A sound understanding of developmental biology is part of the foundation of effective stem cell-derived tissue engineering. Here, the key concepts of cardiac development that are successfully applied in a bioinspired approach to growing engineered cardiac tissues, are reviewed. The native cardiac milieu is studied extensively from embryonic to adult phenotypes, as it provides a resource of factors, mechanisms, and protocols to consider when working toward establishing living tissues in vitro. It begins with the various cell types that constitute the cardiac tissue. It is discussed how myocytes interact with other cell types and their microenvironment and how they change over time from the embryonic to the adult states, with a view on how such changes affect the tissue function and may be used in engineered tissue models. Key embryonic signaling pathways that have been leveraged in the design of culture media and differentiation protocols are presented. The cellular microenvironment, from extracellular matrix chemical and physical properties, to the dynamic mechanical and electrical forces that are exerted on tissues is explored. It is shown that how such microenvironmental factors can inform the design of biomaterials, scaffolds, stimulation bioreactors, and maturation readouts, and suggest considerations for ongoing biomimetic advancement of engineered cardiac tissues and regeneration strategies for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naimeh Rafatian
- Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Katrina Vizely
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Hadel Al Asafen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Anastasia Korolj
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guzzolino E, Milella MS, Forini F, Borsò M, Rutigliano G, Gorini F, Zucchi R, Saba A, Bianchi F, Iervasi G, Pitto L. Thyroid disrupting effects of low-dose dibenzothiophene and cadmium in single or concurrent exposure: New evidence from a translational zebrafish model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144703. [PMID: 33486188 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) are major regulators of biological processes essential for correct development and energy homeostasis. Although thyroid disruptors can deeply affect human health, the impact of exogenous chemicals and in particular mixture of chemicals on different aspects of thyroid development and metabolism is not yet fully understood. In this study we have used the highly versatile zebrafish model to assess the thyroid axis disrupting effects of cadmium (Cd) and dibenzothiophene (DBT), two environmental endocrine disruptors found to be significantly correlated in epidemiological co-exposure studies. Zebrafish embryos (5hpf) were exposed to low concentrations of Cd (from 0.05 to 2 μM) and DBT (from 0.05 to 1 μM) and to mixtures of them. A multilevel assessment of the pollutant effects has been obtained by combining in vivo morphological analyses allowed by the use of transgenic fluorescent lines with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry determination of TH levels and quantification of the expression levels of key genes involved in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis (HPTA) and TH metabolism. Our results underscore for the first time an important synergistic toxic effect of these pollutants on embryonic development and thyroid morphology highlighting differences in the mechanisms through which they can adversely impact on multiple physiological processes of the HPTA and TH disposal influencing also heart geometry and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Guzzolino
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - M S Milella
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Forini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Borsò
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rutigliano
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - R Zucchi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Saba
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Bianchi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Iervasi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Pitto
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tampakakis E, Mahmoud AI. The role of hormones and neurons in cardiomyocyte maturation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 118:136-143. [PMID: 33931308 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The heart undergoes profound morphological and functional changes as it continues to mature postnatally. However, this phase of cardiac development remains understudied. More recently, cardiac maturation research has attracted a lot of interest due to the need for more mature stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for disease modeling, drug screening and heart regeneration. Additionally, neonatal heart injury models have been utilized to study heart regeneration, and factors regulating postnatal heart development have been associated with adult cardiac disease. Critical components of cardiac maturation are systemic and local biochemical cues. Specifically, cardiac innervation and the concentration of various metabolic hormones appear to increase perinatally and they have striking effects on cardiomyocytes. Here, we first report some of the key parameters of mature cardiomyocytes and then discuss the specific effects of neurons and hormonal cues on cardiomyocyte maturation. We focus primarily on the structural, electrophysiologic, metabolic, hypertrophic and hyperplastic effects of each factor. This review highlights the significance of underappreciated regulators of cardiac maturation and underscores the need for further research in this exciting field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Tampakakis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ahmed I Mahmoud
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Transcriptional Regulation of Postnatal Cardiomyocyte Maturation and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063288. [PMID: 33807107 PMCID: PMC8004589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the postnatal period, mammalian cardiomyocytes undergo numerous maturational changes associated with increased cardiac function and output, including hypertrophic growth, cell cycle exit, sarcomeric protein isoform switching, and mitochondrial maturation. These changes come at the expense of loss of regenerative capacity of the heart, contributing to heart failure after cardiac injury in adults. While most studies focus on the transcriptional regulation of embryonic or adult cardiomyocytes, the transcriptional changes that occur during the postnatal period are relatively unknown. In this review, we focus on the transcriptional regulators responsible for these aspects of cardiomyocyte maturation during the postnatal period in mammals. By specifically highlighting this transitional period, we draw attention to critical processes in cardiomyocyte maturation with potential therapeutic implications in cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
|
24
|
Barisón MJ, Pereira IT, Waloski Robert A, Dallagiovanna B. Reorganization of Metabolism during Cardiomyogenesis Implies Time-Specific Signaling Pathway Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1330. [PMID: 33572750 PMCID: PMC7869011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the cell differentiation process involves the characterization of signaling and regulatory pathways. The coordinated action involved in multilevel regulation determines the commitment of stem cells and their differentiation into a specific cell lineage. Cellular metabolism plays a relevant role in modulating the expression of genes, which act as sensors of the extra-and intracellular environment. In this work, we analyzed mRNAs associated with polysomes by focusing on the expression profile of metabolism-related genes during the cardiac differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We compared different time points during cardiac differentiation (pluripotency, embryoid body aggregation, cardiac mesoderm, cardiac progenitor and cardiomyocyte) and showed the immature cell profile of energy metabolism. Highly regulated canonical pathways are thoroughly discussed, such as those involved in metabolic signaling and lipid homeostasis. We reveal the critical relevance of retinoic X receptor (RXR) heterodimers in upstream retinoic acid metabolism and their relationship with thyroid hormone signaling. Additionally, we highlight the importance of lipid homeostasis and extracellular matrix component biosynthesis during cardiomyogenesis, providing new insights into how hESCs reorganize their metabolism during in vitro cardiac differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruno Dallagiovanna
- Basic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas-FIOCRUZ-PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil; (M.J.B.); (I.T.P.); (A.W.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xue D, Sun JL, Yang J. Early L-T4 intervention improves fetal heart development in pregnant rats with subclinical hypothyroidism rats by activating BMP4/Smad4 signaling pathway. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:369. [PMID: 32795258 PMCID: PMC7427857 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01646-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether the offspring of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) pregnant rats still have abnormal cardiac development, and whether early intervention with L-T4 can improve the abnormality of these offspring. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of early L-T4 intervention on the heart development of offspring of SCH pregnant rats and its possible molecular mechanism. METHODS Eighty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham group (placebo control), SCH group, LT4-E10 group (L-T4 treatment started on the 10th day of gestation), and LT4-E13 group (L-T4 treatment started on the 13th day of gestation). Each group was further divided into E16 (16th day of gestation), E18 (18th day of gestation), P5 (5th day postnatal day), and P10 (10th day postnatal day) subgroups. The levels of serum TT4 and TSH, the ratio of heart weight to body weight of offspring rats, the expression of metabolic enzymes, and the histopathology of cardiomyocytes were determined. To elucidate the effects of L-T4 on cardiac development of offspring of SCH pregnant rats, the expression levels of GATA4, Nkx2-5 and proteins involved in BMP4/Smad4 signaling pathway were detected by immunohistochemistry, real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting to elucidate the molecular mechanism of L-T4 regulating the heart development of the offspring of SCH pregnant rats. RESULTS Compared with Sham group, serum TSH was significantly increased in SCH pregnant rats. Moreover, early L-T4 intervention significantly reduced the levels of serum TSH. Compared with the offspring in the SCH group, early L-T4 intervention significantly increased the heart weight, heart weight to body weight ratio, the activities of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase, but reduced myocardial cell shrinkage and nuclear staining, hyperemia/congestion and vacuolar degeneration. In addition, early L-T4 intervention not only significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of Gata4 and Nkx2-5, but also increased the protein expression involved in BMP4/Smad4 signal pathway in myocardium of the offspring of SCH pregnant rats. CONCLUSIONS Early L-T4 intervention can regulate the cardiac development of the offspring of SCH pregnant rats by activating BMP4/Smad4 signaling pathway and increasing the expression of Gata4 and Nkx2-5 proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.115, Nanjing Road, HePing District, Shenyang, 110001, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - J L Sun
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - J Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.115, Nanjing Road, HePing District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Slaats RH, Schwach V, Passier R. Metabolic environment in vivo as a blueprint for differentiation and maturation of human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165881. [PMID: 32562698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) are increasingly being used for disease modeling, drug screening and regenerative medicine. However, to date, an immature, fetal-like, phenotype of hPSC-CMs restrains their full potential. Increasing evidence suggests that the metabolic state, particularly important for provision of sufficient energy in highly active contractile CMs and anabolic and regulatory processes, plays an important role in CM maturation, which affects crucial functional aspects of CMs, such as contractility and electrophysiology. During embryonic development the heart is subjected to metabolite concentrations that differ substantially from that of hPSC-derived cardiac cell cultures. A deeper understanding of the environmental and metabolic cues during embryonic heart development and how these change postnatally, will provide a framework for optimizing cell culture conditions and maturation of hPSC-CMs. Maturation of hPSC-CMs will improve the predictability of disease modeling, drug screening and drug safety assessment and broadens their applicability for personalized and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf H Slaats
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7500AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Verena Schwach
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7500AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Passier
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7500AE Enschede, the Netherlands; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Maroli G, Braun T. The long and winding road of cardiomyocyte maturation. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:712-726. [PMID: 32514522 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the molecular mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation and differentiation has increased exponentially in recent years. Such insights together with the availability of more efficient protocols for generation of CMs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have raised expectations for new therapeutic strategies to treat congenital and non-congenital heart diseases. However, the poor regenerative potential of the postnatal heart and the incomplete maturation of iPSC-derived CMs represent important bottlenecks for such therapies in future years. CMs undergo dramatic changes at the doorstep between prenatal and postnatal life, including terminal cell cycle withdrawal, change in metabolism, and further specialization of the cellular machinery required for high-performance contraction. Here, we review recent insights into pre- and early postnatal developmental processes that regulate CM maturation, laying specific focus on genetic and metabolic pathways that control transition of CMs from the embryonic and perinatal to the fully mature adult CM state. We recapitulate the intrinsic features of CM maturation and highlight the importance of external factors, such as energy substrate availability and endocrine regulation in shaping postnatal CM development. We also address recent approaches to enhance maturation of iPSC-derived CMs in vitro, and summarize new discoveries that might provide useful tools for translational research on repair of the injured human heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Maroli
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhein-Main, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Forini F, Nicolini G, Pitto L, Iervasi G. Novel Insight Into the Epigenetic and Post-transcriptional Control of Cardiac Gene Expression by Thyroid Hormone. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:601. [PMID: 31555215 PMCID: PMC6727178 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling is critically involved in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology. Even mild reductions of myocardial TH levels, as occur in hypothyroidism or low T3 state conditions, are thought to play a role in the progression of cardiac disorders. Due to recent advances in molecular mechanisms underlying TH action, it is now accepted that TH-dependent modulation of gene expression is achieved at multiple transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and involves the cooperation of many processes. Among them, the epigenetic remodeling of chromatin structure and the interplay with non-coding RNA have emerged as novel TH-dependent pathways that add further degrees of complexity and broaden the network of genes controlled by TH signaling. Increasing experimental and clinical findings indicate that aberrant function of these regulatory mechanisms promotes the evolution of cardiac disorders such as post-ischemic injury, pathological hypertrophy, and heart failure, which may be reversed by the correction of the underlying TH dyshomeostasis. To encourage the clinical implementation of a TH replacement strategy in cardiac disease, here we discuss the crucial effect of epigenetic modifications and control of non-coding RNA in TH-dependent regulation of biological processes relevant for cardiac disease evolution.
Collapse
|