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Zelaya HM, Picache D, Ward ND, Yan Z, Glasser CL. Early Diagnosis of B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Child Masquerading as Osteomyelitis. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:564-567. [PMID: 37337644 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231179598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hector M Zelaya
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Hospital Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - Dyana Picache
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Hospital Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas D Ward
- Department of Hematopathology, NYU Langone Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zengmin Yan
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chana L Glasser
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, NYU Langone Hospital Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA
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2
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Zekavat OR, Fallah Tafti F, Bordbar M, Parand S, Haghpanah S. Iron Overload in Children With Leukemia; Identification of a Cutoff Value for Serum Ferritin Level. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2024; 46:e137-e142. [PMID: 38132565 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of iron overload in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after treatment cessation and establish a cutoff value for serum ferritin level as an indicator of iron overload. BACKGROUND Early detection and monitoring of iron overload in patients with leukemia is crucial. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 66 pediatric patients with ALL who were treated at a tertiary referral center affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Shiraz, Southern Iran, were investigated from July 2020 to December 2022. Serum ferritin levels were measured 6 months after treatment completion. T2* magnetic resonance imaging of the liver and heart was done for all patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to illustrate the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve to assess the diagnostic value of serum ferritin level and total transfusion volume. RESULTS A total of 24 patients (36.4%) had iron overload in the heart or liver based on T2 magnetic resonance imaging findings. Serum ferritin level was a highly accurate diagnostic marker for iron overload in pediatric patients with ALL, with a sensitivity of 95.8%, and specificity of 85.7% for a cutoff value of 238.5 ng/mL. Also, blood transfusion was a good predictor of iron overload a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 81% for a cutoff value of 28.3 mL/kg. CONCLUSION We identified specific cutoff values for serum ferritin and blood transfusion volume to predict iron overload with high sensitivity and specificity. These markers offer a cost-effective and accessible approach for periodic screening of iron deposition, particularly in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Reza Zekavat
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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3
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León-Domínguez A, Cansino-Román R, Martínez-Salas JM, Farrington DM. Clinical examination and imaging resources in children and adolescent back pain. J Child Orthop 2023; 17:512-526. [PMID: 38050588 PMCID: PMC10693837 DOI: 10.1177/18632521231215860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Back pain is a relatively common complaint in children and adolescents. The pediatric patient presenting with back pain can often be challenging, and there are many well-known organic diagnoses that should not be missed. In younger children, an organic cause of back pain can often be found. However, back pain in older children and adolescents is often "non-specific." The differential diagnosis of back pain in children includes neoplasms, developmental, and inflammatory conditions. Basic steps should include an in-depth anamnesis, a systematic physical examination, and standard spine radiographs (anteroposterior and lateral). Nevertheless, advanced diagnostic imaging and laboratory studies should be included when indicated to avoid missing or delaying a serious diagnosis. If other types of imaging tests are necessary (magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, bone scan, or single photon emission computed tomography), they should be guided by diagnostic suspicion.
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4
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Ramdaniati S, Lismidiati W, Haryanti F, Sitaresmi MN. The effectiveness of play therapy in children with leukemia: A systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:7-21. [PMID: 37597401 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM Leukemia is the most common form of childhood cancer worldwide. Children living with leukemia experience various problems because of the disease's progression, harmful effects of treatment, and prolonged hospitalization process. To increase their well-being and alleviate their problems, these children require ongoing support. One solution that both parents and professionals can use is play therapy. This systematic review aimed to identify the type and effectiveness of play therapy in children living with leukemia. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We searched PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest databases. Additionally, we performed manual searches on Google Scholar, Google Web, and grey literature. Inclusion criteria comprised: 1) Studies that implemented play therapy on leukemia children, 2) Full-text articles available in English or Indonesian languages from January 2000 to December 2021 and updated until July 2023, and 3) Intervention studies employing quasi-experimental or randomized controlled trial (RCT) designs. SAMPLE From 1099 articles, 16 studies were selected. Several forms of play therapy were found, including pretend, music, art, and sand play therapy. RESULTS Of the sixteen studies in this systematic review, fifteen demonstrated beneficial effects on psychological issues, particularly anxiety, despair, stress, and physical problems (fatigue and pain). CONCLUSION Play therapy effectively alleviates some physical and psychosocial problems in children living with leukemia. IMPLICATION Nurses can utilize play therapy as an intervention for children living with leukemia. Additionally, comparative research is recommended with a similar research strategy concerning studies with the same design. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022318549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Ramdaniati
- Doctorate Program of Medical and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Nursing, Bandung Health Polytechnic, Bandung, Indonesia.
| | - Wiwin Lismidiati
- Department of Pediatric and Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Fitri Haryanti
- Department of Pediatric and Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Mei Neni Sitaresmi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Pediatric, Dr. Sarjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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5
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Álvarez-Zúñiga CD, Garza-Veloz I, Martínez-Rendón J, Ureño-Segura M, Delgado-Enciso I, Martinez-Fierro ML. Circulating Biomarkers Associated with the Diagnosis and Prognosis of B-Cell Progenitor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4186. [PMID: 37627214 PMCID: PMC10453581 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological disease characterized by the dysfunction of the hematopoietic system that leads to arrest at a specific stage of stem cells development, suppressing the average production of cellular hematologic components. BCP-ALL is a neoplasm of the B-cell lineage progenitor. BCP-ALL is caused and perpetuated by several mechanisms that provide the disease with its tumor potential and genetic and cytological characteristics. These pathological features are used for diagnosis and the prognostication of BCP-ALL. However, most of these paraclinical tools can only be obtained by bone marrow aspiration, which, as it is an invasive study, can delay the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease, in addition to the anesthetic risk it entails for pediatric patients. For this reason, it is crucial to find noninvasive and accessible ways to supply information concerning diagnosis, prognosis, and the monitoring of the disease, such as circulating biomarkers. In oncology, a biomarker is any measurable indicator that demonstrates the presence of malignancy, tumoral behavior, prognosis, or responses to treatments. This review summarizes circulating molecules associated with BCP-ALL with potential diagnostic value, classificatory capacity during monitoring specific clinic features of the disease, and/or capacity to identify each BCP-ALL stage regarding its evolution and outcome of the patients with BCP-ALL. In the same way, we provide and classify biomarkers that may be used in further studies focused on clinical approaches or therapeutic target identification for BCP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Daniela Álvarez-Zúñiga
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
| | - Jacqueline Martínez-Rendón
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
| | - Misael Ureño-Segura
- Hematology Service, Hospital General Zacatecas “Luz González Cosío”, Servicios de Salud de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico;
| | - Iván Delgado-Enciso
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico;
- School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
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Xie J, Liu S, Zhou M, Wang Y, He H, Xiao P, Hu S, Lu J. Short-course blinatumomab for refractory/relapse precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1187607. [PMID: 37601130 PMCID: PMC10437063 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1187607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a short course of blinatumomab in children with refractory or relapsed precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R-BCP-ALL). Methods The clinical data of 33 R/R BCP-ALL children aged 0-18 years who underwent a short course of blinatumomab (14 days) between August 2021 and November 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results Among 33 patients with BCP-ALL, 26 achieved complete remission (CR), with a total remission rate of 78.8% (26/33). The duration of remission was approximately 14 days. Of the 7 children without CR, 5 were still in remission at 28 days. In 11 patients with refractory disease and 22 with recurrence, the remission rates were 90.9% (10/11) and 72.7% (16/22), respectively. The overall survival (OS) rates of the 26 patients with CR and seven patients without CR were 96.1% and 57.1% (p = 0.002), respectively, and the disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 96.1% and 42.9% (p < 0.001), respectively. Among the 26 patients with CR, 15 underwent bridging hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and 11 did not receive HSCT; with OS rates of 93.3% and 100% (p = 0.40) and DFS rates of 93.3% and 100% (p = 0.400), respectively. The OS for all patients was 87.9% (29/33) and the DFS was 84.8% (28/33). There were 18 cases (54.5%) of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), 2 cases (6.1%) of severe CRS (all grade 3), 1 case (3.0%) of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), 0 cases (0%) of ICANS ≥ grade 3, and no deaths caused by treatment. Conclusions Short-term follow-up revealed a high R/R BCP-ALL remission rate in children treated with a short course of blinatumomab. The toxicity was low and controllable. No significant short-term survival benefits were observed after bridging HSCT with blinatumomab. In developing countries, a short course of blinatumomab can achieve satisfactory outcomes, while reducing household costs and saving medical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Sanfilippo M, Mahat U, Zhang X, Buhtoiarov IN. Leg Pain, Refusal to Walk, and Tibial Bone Erosion on Radiographs in a 7-year-old Boy. Pediatr Rev 2023; 44:403-407. [PMID: 37391636 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2021-005282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Upendra Mahat
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland OH
| | - Xi Zhang
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Ilia N Buhtoiarov
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland OH
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8
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Yilmaz B, Koc A, Dogru O, Tufan Tas B, Senay RE. The results of the modified St Jude Total Therapy XV Protocol in the treatment of low- and middle-income children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:1304-1314. [PMID: 37165575 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2205976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The St Jude Total Therapy Study XV was the first clinical trial to prospectively use minimal residual disease levels during and after remission induction therapy to guide risk-directed treatment. We used the Total Therapy XV protocol with minimal modification in treating 115 newly diagnosed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients from low- and middle-income groups from January 2011 to December 2017. The mean age at diagnosis was 5.97 ± 3.96 years. The median follow-up period was 88 months. Three (2.6%) patients had bone marrow relapse, and one (0.87%) had an isolated central nervous system relapse. Nineteen of the patients (16.52%) died due to infection-related complications, three (2.61%) died due to progressive disease, and one (0.87%) died due to hematopoietic stem cell transplant complications. Five-year overall survival was 80%, and event-free survival was 78.3%. Our results showed that the Total XV treatment protocol could be used successfully in patients with ALL from low- and middle-income populations. However, infection-related deaths remain a significant problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Yilmaz
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, SB Marmara University Medical School Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Koc
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, SB Marmara University Medical School Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Omer Dogru
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, SB Marmara University Medical School Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Burcu Tufan Tas
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, SB Marmara University Medical School Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Rabia Emel Senay
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, SB Marmara University Medical School Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Abstract
Back pain is common, in up to 30% of children, increasing with age. Eighty percent is benign, mechanical type, improving within 2 weeks of conservative care. Required for those not improving is in-depth evaluation, including MRI, laboratory, and peer consultations. Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis comprise almost 10% of pediatric back pain, often caused by lumbar hyperextension activities and treated conservatively in most cases. Osteoid osteomas and osteoblastomas constitute the most common benign spinal tumors in childhood. Aggressive and malignant tumors of the spine are rare but when present require tertiary care referral and a comprehensive oncology team for optimal life-sustaining outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Murphy
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sanford Health Systems, Bismarck North Dakota and Northern Minnesota, Northland Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine LLC, 4710 Matterhorn Circle #309, Duluth, MN 55811, USA.
| | - Cristina Sanders
- Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Monument Health Department Neurology and Rehabilitation, Monument Health System, 677 Cathedral Drive, Suite 240, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Amy E Rabatin
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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10
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da Mota THA, Camargo R, Biojone ER, Guimarães AFR, Pittella-Silva F, de Oliveira DM. The Relevance of Telomerase and Telomere-Associated Proteins in B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030691. [PMID: 36980962 PMCID: PMC10048576 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres and telomerase are closely linked to uncontrolled cellular proliferation, immortalization and carcinogenesis. Telomerase has been largely studied in the context of cancer, including leukemias. Deregulation of human telomerase gene hTERT is a well-established step in leukemia development. B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) recovery rates exceed 90% in children; however, the relapse rate is around 20% among treated patients, and 10% of these are still incurable. This review highlights the biological and clinical relevance of telomerase for B-ALL and the implications of its canonical and non-canonical action on signaling pathways in the context of disease and treatment. The physiological role of telomerase in lymphocytes makes the study of its biomarker potential a great challenge. Nevertheless, many works have demonstrated that high telomerase activity or hTERT expression, as well as short telomeres, correlate with poor prognosis in B-ALL. Telomerase and related proteins have been proven to be promising pharmacological targets. Likewise, combined therapy with telomerase inhibitors may turn out to be an alternative strategy for B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tales Henrique Andrade da Mota
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Ricardo Camargo
- Brasília Children’s Hospital José Alencar, Brasilia 70684-831, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Flávia Reis Guimarães
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Fabio Pittella-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
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Zhou Y, Zhu H, Han J, Xu Y, Wang D, Jin W, Zhu R, Qiao L. miR-125b-5p Suppresses Leukemia Cell Proliferation by Regulating MCL1. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2023; 42:17-26. [PMID: 36734950 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2022041924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia threatens children's health, and leukemia cell proliferation and apoptosis participate in the regulation of leukemia. The current study aims to probe into the miR-125b-5p biological function in regulating leukemia cell proliferation and apoptosis by myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to quantify miR-125b-5p expression in leukemia cells. Cell transfection, cell-counting assay 8, Western blot, and flow cytometry assays were applied to assess the miR-125b-5p function in leukemia. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to investigate the mechanism. miR-125b-5p was lessened in leukemia cells, and the increased miR-125b-5p repressed leukemia cell proliferation and boosted apoptosis. Further, miR-125b-5p could bound with the MCL1 3'-untranslated region and regulated its expression. Furthermore, the elevated expression of miR-125b-5p repressed leukemia cell proliferation and boosted apoptosis through downregulating MCL1. miR-125b-5p inhibited leukemia cell proliferation and boosted apoptosis through decreasing MCL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinan Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruyuan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lixing Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Gharehzadehshirazi A, Zarejousheghani M, Falahi S, Joseph Y, Rahimi P. Biomarkers and Corresponding Biosensors for Childhood Cancer Diagnostics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23031482. [PMID: 36772521 PMCID: PMC9919359 DOI: 10.3390/s23031482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although tremendous progress has been made in treating childhood cancer, it is still one of the leading causes of death in children worldwide. Because cancer symptoms overlap with those of other diseases, it is difficult to predict a tumor early enough, which causes cancers in children to be more aggressive and progress more rapidly than in adults. Therefore, early and accurate detection methods are urgently needed to effectively treat children with cancer therapy. Identification and detection of cancer biomarkers serve as non-invasive tools for early cancer screening, prevention, and treatment. Biosensors have emerged as a potential technology for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective biomarker detection and monitoring. In this review, we provide an overview of important biomarkers for several common childhood cancers. Accordingly, we have enumerated the developed biosensors for early detection of pediatric cancer or related biomarkers. This review offers a restructured platform for ongoing research in pediatric cancer diagnostics that can contribute to the development of rapid biosensing techniques for early-stage diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of children with cancer and reduce the mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Gharehzadehshirazi
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Mashaalah Zarejousheghani
- Freiberg Center for Water Research—ZeWaF, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Sedigheh Falahi
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Joseph
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
- Freiberg Center for Water Research—ZeWaF, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Parvaneh Rahimi
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
- Freiberg Center for Water Research—ZeWaF, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +49-3731-39-2644
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de Moraes LFRN, Silva PSE, Pereira TCPL, Almeida Rodrigues TA, Farias Frihling BE, da Costa RA, Torquato HFV, Lima CS, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Migliolo L. First generation of multifunctional peptides derived from latarcin-3a from Lachesana tarabaevi spider toxin. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:965621. [PMID: 36212827 PMCID: PMC9532841 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.965621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for discovering new compounds that can act selectively on pathogens is becoming increasingly evident, given the number of deaths worldwide due to bacterial infections or tumor cells. New multifunctional biotechnological tools are being sought, including compounds present in spider venoms, which have high biotechnological potential. The present work aims to perform the rational design and functional evaluation of synthetic peptides derived from Lachesana tarabaevi spider toxin, known as latarcin-3a. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) between 4 and 128 μg.ml−1. Anti-biofilm tests were then performed to obtain MICs, where the peptides demonstrated activity from 4 to 128 μg.ml−1. In vitro cell cytotoxicity assays were carried out from tumor cell lines, lineages C1498, Kasumi-1, K-562, Jurkat, MOLT4, and Raji. Erythrocyte integrity was evaluated in the presence of synthetic peptides analog, which did not promote hemolysis at 128 μg.ml−1. The peptide that showed the best antibacterial activity was Lt-MAP3 and the best antitumor was Lt-MAP2. In conclusion, rational design of multifunctional antimicrobial peptides may be promising alternative tools in the treatment of emerging diseases such as bacterial infections and tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Filipe Ramalho Nunes de Moraes
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Selkis Biotech, Startup, Laboratório de Artrópodes Peçonhentos, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Souza e Silva
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Breno Emanuel Farias Frihling
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Selkis Biotech, Startup, Laboratório de Artrópodes Peçonhentos, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Andrade da Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômica e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Cauê Santos Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Edgar Julian Paredes-Gamero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Selkis Biotech, Startup, Laboratório de Artrópodes Peçonhentos, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ludovico Migliolo,
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14
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Owaidhah NA, Khawaji ZY, Alahmadi MA, Badawi AS, Mogharbel GH, Makhdoom ON. Epidemiological Trends and Clinical Characteristics of Childhood Leukemia in Saudi Arabia: A Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e28178. [PMID: 36148187 PMCID: PMC9482806 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is the most prevalent type of cancer among children in Saudi Arabia. It has variable clinical presentations and accounts for a large scale of mortality and morbidity. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constituted the majority of pediatric leukemic cases with male gender predisposition. The most common first presentation that patients come with are manifestations of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and fever. Bone pain, fatigue, weight loss, organomegaly, and pale skin are among the commonest manifestations of pediatric leukemia. Childhood ALL and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) clinical manifestations seem to be very similar, even though there’re some considerable differences in how common the clinical characteristics are. Chromosomal abnormalities are taken into consideration to determine survival and treatment. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for the childhood leukemia population in Saudi Arabia. Our review article aims at providing comprehensible and updated statistical data on the different types of leukemia and their clinical presentations in Saudi Arabia.
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15
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Delessard M, Stalin L, Rives-Feraille A, Moutard L, Saulnier J, Dumont L, Rives N, Rondanino C. Achievement of complete in vitro spermatogenesis in testicular tissues from prepubertal mice exposed to mono- or polychemotherapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7407. [PMID: 35523907 PMCID: PMC9076692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The assessment of the impact of chemotherapies on in vitro spermatogenesis in experimental models is required before considering the application of this fertility restoration strategy to prepubertal boys who received these treatments before testicular tissue cryopreservation. The present work investigated the effects of exposure of prepubertal mice to mono- (vincristine or cyclophosphamide) and polychemotherapy (a combination of vincristine and cyclophosphamide) on the first wave of in vitro spermatogenesis. When testicular tissue exposed to monochemotherapy was preserved, polychemotherapy led to severe alterations of the seminiferous epithelium and increased apoptosis in prepubertal testes prior in vitro maturation, suggesting a potential additive gonadotoxic effect. These alterations were also found in the testicular tissues of polychemotherapy-treated mice after 30 days of organotypic culture and were associated with a reduction in the germ cell/Sertoli cell ratio. The different treatments neither altered the ability of spermatogonia to differentiate in vitro into spermatozoa nor the yield of in vitro spermatogenesis. However, more spermatozoa with morphological abnormalities and fragmented DNA were produced after administration of polychemotherapy. This work therefore shows for the first time the possibility to achieve a complete in vitro spermatogenesis after an in vivo exposure of mice to a mono- or polychemotherapy before meiotic entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Delessard
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Laura Stalin
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Aurélie Rives-Feraille
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Laura Moutard
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Justine Saulnier
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Ludovic Dumont
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Nathalie Rives
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Christine Rondanino
- INSERM, U1239, Team Adrenal and Gonadal Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Normandy University, 76000, Rouen, France.
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16
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Zhao R, Long X, Wang J, Zhu J, Liu C, Shang T, Zhang Z, Obi E, Osadebe L, Kang Y, Liu J, Chen X, Xu H. Effectiveness of ertapenem for treatment of infections in children: An evidence mapping and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:982179. [PMID: 36324821 PMCID: PMC9620802 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.982179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess and summarize current evidence on the effectiveness and safety of ertapenem for treatment of childhood infections, in consideration of high infection prevalence in children and wide use of ertapenem. METHODS The following 8 databases were searched on 13th May 2021: Web of Science, Embase via Ovid SP, PubMed, The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP and Wanfang. The primary outcome was treatment success rate. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using random-effect models. Subgroup analysis was conducted where heterogeneity was found. RESULTS Fifteen studies (8 randomized controlled trials, 1 observational comparative study, and 6 before and after studies) involving 2,528 patients were included in the final review. Ertapenem had similar treatment success rates with β-lactam antibiotics [relative risk (RR) = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.99-1.19]. In a subgroup analysis, similar efficacy (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.97-1.20) between ertapenem and other carbapenems. Compared with β-lactam antibiotics, ertapenem did not increase the risk of any adverse events (RR = 1.02, 95%CI: 0.71-1.48), drug-related diarrhea (all non-Asian children, RR = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.31-1.25), or injection site pain (all non-Asian children, RR = 1.66, 95%CI: 0.59-4.68). Subgroup analysis showed no obvious difference between ertapenem group and carbapenems or non-carbapenems group on risk of adverse events. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that ertapenem is effective and safe in treatment for children with infection. Further comparative real-world data is needed to supplement clinical evidence on the overall benefits of ertapenem in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiu Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoru Long
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangxia Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Shang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Engels Obi
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, United States
| | | | - Yue Kang
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodi Chen
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Infectious Diseases of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
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17
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Hamid NF, Albalawi FM, Aloufi AA, Hamas RA, Alanazi NAH, Alanazi TH. Epidemiological Trends in Childhood Cancer in Saudi Arabia. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/tkpqjghedq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Symptom Clusters, Physical Activity, and Quality of Life: A Latent Class Analysis of Children During Maintenance Therapy for Leukemia. Cancer Nurs 2022; 45:113-119. [PMID: 34387237 PMCID: PMC8831653 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children undergoing treatment for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) report co-occurring symptoms of fatigue, sleep disturbances, and depression as a symptom cluster. Physical activity (PA) may influence symptom severity and quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVES This study examined changes in symptoms and QOL during ALL maintenance in children categorized by symptom cluster and explored the influence of PA and symptoms on QOL. METHODS Self-report of fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression; QOL; and PA were measured at the beginning and end of maintenance in 42 children aged 3 to 18 years with ALL. Children were categorized into symptom cluster groups based on measurements at the beginning of maintenance. RESULTS Two latent classes of symptom clusters (low and high) were identified with significant differences between groups in symptoms at both the beginning and end maintenance (P < .01). Each group's symptom levels did not change during maintenance. Quality-of-life was different between groups at both time points (P < .01) and did not improve. Children with low symptoms and high PA at the beginning of maintenance had better QOL as treatment ended compared with the physically active high-symptom group and the inactive high-symptom group (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Children with higher symptoms did not experience an improvement with time. Symptom and PA levels may influence QOL at the end of treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Maintenance therapy is a long time (1.5 years) in a child's life. Symptom assessment is needed early in maintenance; interventions are needed for children with high levels.
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Hooke MC, Mathiason MA, Kunin-Batson AS, Blommer A, Hutter J, Mitby PA, Moore IM, Whitman S, Taylor O, Scheurer ME, Hockenberry MJ. Biomarkers and Cognitive Function in Children and Adolescents During Maintenance Therapy for Leukemia. Oncol Nurs Forum 2021; 48:623-633. [PMID: 34673759 DOI: 10.1188/21.onf.623-633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflmmation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cognitive function in children receiving maintenance therapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). SAMPLE & SETTING 30 participants aged 4-17 years receiving ALL maintenance therapy at two pediatric cancer centers in the United States. METHODS & VARIABLES F2-isoprostane (F2-ISoP) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were evaluated in CSF samples, and cognitive function measures were completed during the first and last cycles of ALL maintenance. The Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (Flanker) and Dimensional Change Card Sort were completed during the last cycle. RESULTS During maintenance therapy, IL-8 decreased, and parent reports of children's cognitive function improved. Higher IL-8 was associated with better parent reports of children's cognitive function at each timepoint. Higher F2-ISoP levels were associated with lower Flanker scores. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING F2-ISoP may be a useful biomarker in evaluating cognitive dysfunction in children with ALL and merits further investigation.
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20
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Zivarpour P, Hallajzadeh J, Asemi Z, Sadoughi F, Sharifi M. Chitosan as possible inhibitory agents and delivery systems in leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:544. [PMID: 34663339 PMCID: PMC8524827 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a lethal cancer in which white blood cells undergo proliferation and immature white blood cells are seen in the bloodstream. Without diagnosis and management in early stages, this type of cancer can be fatal. Changes in protooncogenic genes and microRNA genes are the most important factors involved in development of leukemia. At present, leukemia risk factors are not accurately identified, but some studies have pointed out factors that predispose to leukemia. Studies show that in the absence of genetic risk factors, leukemia can be prevented by reducing the exposure to risk factors of leukemia, including smoking, exposure to benzene compounds and high-dose radioactive or ionizing radiation. One of the most important treatments for leukemia is chemotherapy which has devastating side effects. Chemotherapy and medications used during treatment do not have a specific effect and destroy healthy cells besides leukemia cells. Despite the suppressing effect of chemotherapy against leukemia, patients undergoing chemotherapy have poor quality of life. So today, researchers are focusing on finding more safe and effective natural compounds and treatments for cancer, especially leukemia. Chitosan is a valuable natural compound that is biocompatible and non-toxic to healthy cells. Anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant effects are examples of chitosan biopolymer properties. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of this compound in medical treatments and the pharmaceutical industry. In this article, we take a look at the latest advances in the use of chitosan in the treatment and improvement of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Zivarpour
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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21
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Boguszewski MCS, Cardoso-Demartini AA, Boguszewski CL, Chemaitilly W, Higham CE, Johannsson G, Yuen KCJ. Safety of growth hormone (GH) treatment in GH deficient children and adults treated for cancer and non-malignant intracranial tumors-a review of research and clinical practice. Pituitary 2021; 24:810-827. [PMID: 34304361 PMCID: PMC8416866 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-021-01173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Individuals surviving cancer and brain tumors may experience growth hormone (GH) deficiency as a result of tumor growth, surgical resection and/or radiotherapy involving the hypothalamic-pituitary region. Given the pro-mitogenic and anti-apoptotic properties of GH and insulin-like growth factor-I, the safety of GH replacement in this population has raised hypothetical safety concerns that have been debated for decades. Data from multicenter studies with extended follow-up have generally not found significant associations between GH replacement and cancer recurrence or mortality from cancer among childhood cancer survivors. Potential associations with secondary neoplasms, especially solid tumors, have been reported, although this risk appears to decline with longer follow-up. Data from survivors of pediatric or adult cancers who are treated with GH during adulthood are scarce, and the risk versus benefit profile of GH replacement of this population remains unclear. Studies pertaining to the safety of GH replacement in individuals treated for nonmalignant brain tumors, including craniopharyngioma and non-functioning pituitary adenoma, have generally been reassuring with regards to the risk of tumor recurrence. The present review offers a summary of the most current medical literature regarding GH treatment of patients who have survived cancer and brain tumors, with the emphasis on areas where active research is required and where consensus on clinical practice is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C S Boguszewski
- Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida Agostinho Leão Junior, 285 - Alto da Glória, Curitiba, PR, 80030-110, Brazil.
| | | | - Cesar Luiz Boguszewski
- SEMPR, Serviço de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Wassim Chemaitilly
- Departments of Pediatric Medicine-Endocrinology and Epidemiology-Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA
| | - Claire E Higham
- Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Gudmundur Johannsson
- Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kevin C J Yuen
- Barrow Pituitary Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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22
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Valcarcel B, Murillo F, Torres-Roman JS. Association of healthcare system factors with childhood leukemia mortality in Peru, 2017–2019: A population-based analysis. J Cancer Policy 2021; 29:100288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2021.100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Fenu EM, O'Neill SS, Insuasti-Beltran G, Pettenati MJ, Giffen M, Harrison WT. Sudden Unexpected Death in a Child From Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2021; 42:174-177. [PMID: 33590987 DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Acute myeloid leukemia can rarely cause sudden, unexpected death in children. Presentation may be non-specific and death may occur in children with no prior medical history. Herein we present the case of a previously healthy 2-year and 2 month-old White girl, who on autopsy, was found to have acute myeloid leukemia with KMT2A rearrangement extensively involving all major thoracic and abdominal organs. This case is presented to the forensic community to discuss the presentation and findings in sudden death caused by acute leukemia. The case highlights when acute leukemia should enter the differential as a potential cause of death, as well as potential resources available in the postmortem workup of acute leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena M Fenu
- From the Department of Pathology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston Salem, NC
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24
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Mohammed MA, Doheim MF, Allam IY. Optic nerve sheath fenestration in leukemic patients having increased intracranial pressure: a prospective clinical trial. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:3261-3268. [PMID: 34019192 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) in leukemic children having increased intracranial pressure with severe uncontrolled visual loss on medical treatment and not eligible for venous sinus stenting. METHODS In this non-randomized clinical trial, we included patients presenting with severe sight-threatening papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure following leukemia treatment. All included patients were subjected to a complete history taking, assessment of the visual acuity and fundus examination with fundus photography and grading of papilledema using Frisen scale. Patients were evaluated at 2 weeks and 3 months postoperative by recording the best-corrected visual acuity, assessment of the pupillary reaction and fundus examination and fundus photography with grading of papilledema. RESULTS Among 20 patients included in this study, there was a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity of both eyes in all patients. The mean postoperative visual acuity was 0.28 ± 0.10 two weeks after surgery in the right eye and it was 0.42 ± 0.16 in the left eye. The mean visual acuity in the right eye three months after surgery was 0.78 ± 0.19 and it was 0.87 ± 0.17 in the left eye. Three months postoperatively, papilledema resolved completely in both eyes. There were no recorded ocular complications. CONCLUSION In this study, ONSF was sight-saving procedure in all leukemic patients with a significant improvement in the visual acuity, stabilization of the visual function and resolving of the papilledema over follow-up period. There were no recorded intraoperative or postoperative complications. Further well-designed studies are needed to assert upon these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai A Mohammed
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fahmy Doheim
- Faculty of Medicine, El-Khartoum Square, El Azareeta Medical Campus, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Alexandria, 21131, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Y Allam
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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A Preliminary Study of FTIR Spectroscopy as a Potential Non-Invasive Screening Tool for Pediatric Precursor B Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041174. [PMID: 33671817 PMCID: PMC7926870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of the most common pediatric neoplasm, B-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), is challenging and requires invasive bone marrow biopsies. The purpose of this study was to establish new biomarkers for early screening to detect pediatric leukemia. In this small cohort study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were obtained from blood sera of 10 patients with BCP-ALL and were compared with the control samples from 10 children with some conditions other than neoplasm. Using various analytical approaches, including a new physical model, some significant differences were observable. The most important include: the different peak area ratio 2965/1645 cm−1 (p = 0.002); the lower average percentage of both β-sheet and β-turn protein structures in the sera of BCP-ALL patients (p = 0.03); an AdaBoost-based predictive model for classifying healthy vs. BCP-ALL patients with 85% accuracy; and the phase shift of the first derivative in the spectral range 1050–1042 cm−1 correlating with white blood cell (WBC) and blast cell count in BCP-ALL patients contrary to the samples obtained from healthy controls. Although verification in larger groups of patients will be necessary, these promising results suggest that FTIR spectroscopy may have future potential for the early screening of BCP-ALL.
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Carlberg VM, Davies OMT, Brandling-Bennett HA, Leary SES, Huang JT, Coughlin CC, Gupta D. Cutaneous reactions to pediatric cancer treatment part II: Targeted therapy. Pediatr Dermatol 2021; 38:18-30. [PMID: 33378085 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children. Targeted therapies may improve survivorship; however, unique side-effect profiles have also emerged with these novel therapies. Changes in hair, skin, and nails-termed dermatologic adverse events (AEs)-are among the most common sequelae and may result in interruption or discontinuation of therapy. Though dermatologic AEs have been detailed in adults, these findings are not well described in the pediatric population. We reviewed the literature to characterize dermatologic AEs to anticancer targeted therapies available as of July 2020 and summarized the spectrum of clinical findings as well as treatment recommendations for children. Dermatologic AEs are among the most common AEs reported in pediatric patients receiving targeted therapy, but morphologic and histologic descriptions are often lacking in current publications. Pediatric dermatologists are uniquely poised to recognize specific morphology of dermatologic AEs and make recommendations for prevention and treatment that may improve quality of life and enable ongoing cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie M Carlberg
- Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah E S Leary
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer T Huang
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carrie C Coughlin
- St Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deepti Gupta
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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García-Lima MG, Díaz-Gómez M, Mares-Gil JE. 50 Years Ago in TheJournalofPediatrics: From Toxicity to Specificity, an Overview on Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Treatment. J Pediatr 2020; 227:175. [PMID: 33228911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maricarmen Díaz-Gómez
- Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey's Institute of Higher Education, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - José Eduardo Mares-Gil
- Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey's Institute of Higher Education, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
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Delessard M, Saulnier J, Dumont L, Rives-Feraille A, Rives N, Rondanino C. Paradoxical risk of reduced fertility after exposure of prepubertal mice to vincristine or cyclophosphamide at low gonadotoxic doses in humans. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17859. [PMID: 33082498 PMCID: PMC7576200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment can have long-term side effects in cured patients and infertility is one of them. Given the urgency of diagnosis in children with cancer, the toxicity of treatments on the gonad was overshadowed for a long time. In the present study, prepubertal mice were treated by vincristine or cyclophosphamide commonly used in acute leukaemia treatment. The prepubertal exposure to cyclophosphamide, at a low gonadotoxic dose in humans (< 3.5 g/m2), led to morphological alterations of prepubertal testicular tissue. An increased proportion of spermatozoa with hypocondensed chromatin and oxidized DNA associated with decreased fertility were uncovered at adulthood. Short- and long-term morphological alterations of the testicular tissue, disturbed progression of spermatogenesis along with increased proportions of isolated flagella and spermatozoa with fragmented DNA were evidenced in vincristine-treated mice. Moreover, the fertility of mice exposed to vincristine was severely affected despite being considered low-risk for fertility in humans. Paternal exposure to vincristine or cyclophosphamide before puberty had no impact on offspring development. Contrary to the current gonadotoxic risk classification, our results using a mouse model show that vincristine and cyclophosphamide (< 3.5 g/m2) present a high gonadotoxic risk when administered before the initiation of spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Delessard
- Department of Reproductive Biology-CECOS, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Justine Saulnier
- Department of Reproductive Biology-CECOS, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Ludovic Dumont
- Department of Reproductive Biology-CECOS, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Aurélie Rives-Feraille
- Department of Reproductive Biology-CECOS, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Nathalie Rives
- Department of Reproductive Biology-CECOS, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Christine Rondanino
- Department of Reproductive Biology-CECOS, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, 76000, Rouen, France.
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Bordbar MM, Barzegar H, Tashkhourian J, Bordbar M, Hemmateenejad B. A non-invasive tool for early detection of acute leukemia in children using a paper-based optoelectronic nose based on an array of metallic nanoparticles. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1141:28-35. [PMID: 33248659 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in blood samples can be used as useful biomarkers to diagnose various human diseases. This study describes the potential of a paper-based sensor array for detecting leukemia using blood VOCs. Blood samples were collected from 59 new leukemia cases and 47 healthy cases as a control group. Each blood sample was divided into two parts; one for a laboratory test and the other was used in our study. Samples were mixed with heparin and then transferred to a sterile container, and a sensor was stacked on its cap. This sensor array contains 16 nanoparticles deposited on a sheet of hydrophobic paper in a 4 × 4 array format. Containers were stored in an oven at 60 °C for 4.5 h. Then, the image of sensors was recorded by a scanner and compared to the image before exposing the blood vapor. The sensor responses were subjected to different multivariate statistical methods to develop models that discriminate between control and leukemia samples. The interaction of nanoparticles with the volatile metabolome of blood caused aggregation and consequently changing in the color of nanoparticles. The color changes resulted in a specific pattern for blood samples with leukemia, which is different from those obtained from healthy specimens. The discrimination analysis was approved by pattern recognition methods such as principal component analysis with 97% accuracy. Among 59 patients, the mean age was 6.02 ± 4.55 years (range 1-16 y). The mean total response was 652.83 ± 117.02. The rock curve showed an accuracy of 96% for classifying patients from the control group. The logistic regression model showed that 93.6% of healthy and 93.2% of patients were classified correctly by using this method. These statistics agree with the classification results obtained by principal component analysis. For every 5000-unit increase in platelet count, the chance of leukemia decreased by 9%. Additionally, the chance of being categorized as a patient decreased by 10% for every 20-unit increase in total response. The electronic nose using VOC's of blood is a non-invasive and inexpensive tool for detecting new cases of leukemia with high sensitivity and specificity. Platelet count is an essential para-clinical parameter determining the total response of the sensors. Follow up studies with a larger sample size are warranted to elucidate its clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamideh Barzegar
- Pediatric Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadreza Bordbar
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Bahram Hemmateenejad
- Chemistry Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Prodan DA, Bran S, Dinu C, Baciut G, Tomuleasa C, Piciu A, Opris H, Mester A, Baciut M. A systematic approach on the frequency of cleft lip/palate in pediatric patients with leukemia. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2020; 122:83-87. [PMID: 32622001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to reveal the frequency between cleft lip/palate and leukemia in pediatric patients by a systematic analysis of the current literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic search on three database (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane) was carried out using the following keywords: cleft lip, cleft palate, facial cleft, oral cleft, orofacial cleft, leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma. Studies published until March 2020 reporting an association between leukemia and cleft lip/palate (CL/P) were included in our research. RESULTS Five articles (2 case-controls, 3 cohorts), met the inclusion criteria. Case-control studies involved 268 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 177 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), of which 9 patients had CL/P. The cohorts studies involved 10 patients with ALL, of which 6 patients with CL/P, 2 patients with cleft palate and 1 patient with cleft lip and palate. CONCLUSION This research was able to indicate a limited evidence of the association between CL/P and leukemia. In order to draw a clear conclusion, studies with larger cohorts are needed to establish this correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Prodan
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - S Bran
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - C Dinu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - G Baciut
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - C Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A Piciu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - H Opris
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A Mester
- Department of Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", 15 Victor Babes Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania.
| | - M Baciut
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ford J, Rainey S, Hanson K, Kendhari H. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting as cholestatic jaundice in a 7-year-old boy. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019; 7:2050313X19875318. [PMID: 31523431 PMCID: PMC6728663 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x19875318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a case of a 7-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting with cholestasis and elevated transaminase levels. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common malignancy in children and can have variable presenting clinical manifestations. However, cholestasis is less commonly encountered in the pediatric population and can be a diagnostic challenge. We present a case of a 7-year-old boy discovered to have elevated transaminase levels while undergoing an evaluation for motor tics, which subsequently progressed to cholestasis and acute liver failure secondary to acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He demonstrated marked improvement after induction therapy and is in clinical remission. Clinicians should be ever mindful of the potentially unique presentations of childhood leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ford
- OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois, Peoria, IL, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Shane Rainey
- OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois, Peoria, IL, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Keith Hanson
- OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois, Peoria, IL, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Harleena Kendhari
- OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois, Peoria, IL, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
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