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Ververis A, Kyriakou S, Ioannou K, Chatzopoulou PS, Panayiotidis MI, Plioukas M, Christodoulou K. Chemical Profiling and Antioxidant and Anti-Amyloid Capacities of Salvia fruticosa Extracts from Greece. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3191. [PMID: 37765357 PMCID: PMC10535607 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
An increasingly common ailment in elderly persons is Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative illness. Present treatment is restricted to alleviating symptoms; hence, there is a requirement to develop an effective approach to AD treatment. Salvia fruticosa (SF) is a medicinal plant with a documented neuroprotective potential. To identify extracts of increased neuroprotectivity, we partitioned the methanolic extract of SF aerial parts from Greece into several fractions, by employing solvents of different polarities. The fractions were chemically identified and evaluated for their antioxidancy and anti-neurotoxic potential against amyloid beta peptides 25-35 (Aβ25-35). Carnosol and carnosic acid were among the prominent compounds, while all partitions showed significant antioxidant capacity, with the diethyl ether and ethyl acetate partitions being the most potent. These, along with the aqueous and the butanolic fractions, demonstrated statistically significant anti-neurotoxic potential. Thus, our findings further validate the neuroprotective potential of SF and support its ethnopharmacological usage as an antioxidant. The particular properties found define SF as a promising source for obtaining extracts or bioactive compounds, possibly beneficial for generating AD-related functional foods or medications. Finally, our results encourage plant extract partitioning for acquiring fractions of enhanced biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Ververis
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (A.V.); (K.I.)
| | - Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (M.I.P.)
| | - Kristia Ioannou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (A.V.); (K.I.)
| | - Paschalina S. Chatzopoulou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (M.I.P.)
| | - Michael Plioukas
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus;
| | - Kyproula Christodoulou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (A.V.); (K.I.)
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Sekhon I, Chen G, Piri K, Shinkawa S, Ashong D, Zhang Q, Wang G, Chen QH. Tricyclic Diterpenoids Selectively Suppress Androgen Receptor-Positive Prostate Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:4743. [PMID: 37375297 PMCID: PMC10300971 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) is a viable therapeutic target for lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), because the continued progression of CRPC is mainly driven by the reactivation of AR transcriptional activity. The current FDA-approved AR antagonists binding to ligand binding domain (LBD) become ineffective in CRPC with AR gene amplification, LBD mutation, and the evolution of LBD-truncated AR splice variants. Encouraged by the fact that tricyclic aromatic diterpenoid QW07 has recently been established as a potential N-terminal AR antagonist, this study aims to explore the structure-activity relationship of tricyclic diterpenoids and their potential to suppress AR-positive cell proliferation. Dehydroabietylamine, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid, and their derivatives were selected, since they have a similar core structure as QW07. Twenty diterpenoids were prepared for the evaluation of their antiproliferative potency on AR-positive prostate cancer cell models (LNCaP and 22Rv1) using AR-null cell models (PC-3 and DU145) as comparisons. Our data indicated that six tricyclic diterpenoids possess greater potency than enzalutamide (FDA-approved AR antagonist) towards LNCaP and 22Rv1 AR-positive cells, and four diterpenoids are more potent than enzalutamide against 22Rv1 AR-positive cells. The optimal derivative possesses greater potency (IC50 = 0.27 µM) and selectivity than QW07 towards AR-positive 22Rv1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderpal Sekhon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Keyara Piri
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Seiji Shinkawa
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Dennis Ashong
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
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Vemu B, Tocmo R, Nauman MC, Flowers SA, Veenstra JP, Johnson JJ. Pharmacokinetic characterization of carnosol from rosemary (Salvia Rosmarinus) in male C57BL/6 mice and inhibition profile in human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 431:115729. [PMID: 34592323 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rosemary (Salvia Rosmarinus) is a rich source of dietary diterpenes with carnosol as one of the major polyphenols used to standardize rosemary extracts approved as a food preservative, however, at present there is not any information on the murine pharmacokinetic profile of carnosol or its potential for drug interactions. The present study utilizes cell-free, cell-based, and animal-based experiments to define the pharmacokinetic profile of the food based phytochemical carnosol. Mice were administered carnosol (100 mg/kg body weight) by oral gavage and plasma levels were analyzed by LC-MS/MS to establish a detailed pharmacokinetic profile. The maximum plasma concentration exceeded 1 μM after a single administration. The results are significant as they offer insights on the potential for food-drug interactions between carnosol from rosemary and active pharmaceutical ingredients. Carnosol was observed to inhibit selected CYP450 enzymes and modulate metabolic enzymes and transporters in in vitro assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Vemu
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Restituo Tocmo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Mirielle C Nauman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Stephanie A Flowers
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jacob P Veenstra
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jeremy J Johnson
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
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Abdallah BM. Carnosol induces the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via activating BMP-signaling pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:197-206. [PMID: 33859060 PMCID: PMC8050607 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.3.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Carnosol is a phenolic diterpene phytochemical found in rosemary and sage with reported anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of carnosol on the lineage commitment of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Interestingly, carnosol stimulated the early commitment of mBMSCs into osteoblasts in dose-dependent manner as demonstrated by increased levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin red staining for matrix mineralization. On the other hand, carnosol significantly suppressed adipogenesis of mBMSCs and downregulated both early and late markers of adipogenesis. Carnosol showed to induce osteogenesis in a mechanism mediated by activating BMP signaling pathway and subsequently upregulating the expression of BMPs downstream osteogenic target genes. In this context, treatment of mBMSCs with LDN-193189, BMPR1 selective inhibitor showed to abolish the stimulatory effect of carnosol on BMP2-induced osteogenesis. In conclusion, our data identified carnosol as a novel osteoanabolic phytochemical that can promote the differentiation of mBMSCs into osteoblasts versus adipocytes by activating BMP-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem M Abdallah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Allegra A, Tonacci A, Pioggia G, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Anticancer Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L.: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potentials. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1739. [PMID: 32532056 PMCID: PMC7352773 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative treatments for neoplastic diseases with new drugs are necessary because the clinical effectiveness of chemotherapy is often reduced by collateral effects. Several natural substances of plant origin have been demonstrated to be successful in the prevention and treatment of numerous tumors. Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a herb that is cultivated in diverse areas of the world. There is increasing attention being directed towards the pharmaceutical capacities of rosemary, utilized for its anti-inflammatory, anti-infective or anticancer action. The antitumor effect of rosemary has been related to diverse mechanisms, such as the antioxidant effect, antiangiogenic properties, epigenetic actions, regulation of the immune response and anti-inflammatory response, modification of specific metabolic pathways, and increased expression of onco-suppressor genes. In this review, we aim to report the results of preclinical studies dealing with the anticancer effects of rosemary, the molecular mechanisms related to these actions, and the interactions between rosemary and anticancer drugs. The prospect of utilizing rosemary as an agent in the treatment of different neoplastic diseases is discussed. However, although the use of rosemary in the therapy of neoplasms constitutes a fascinating field of study, large and controlled studies must be conducted to definitively clarify the real impact of this substance in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Haematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Tonacci
- Clinical Physiology Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Haematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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Ahmad R, Khan MA, Srivastava A, Gupta A, Srivastava A, Jafri TR, Siddiqui Z, Chaubey S, Khan T, Srivastava AK. Anticancer Potential of Dietary Natural Products: A Comprehensive Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:122-236. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191015103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nature is a rich source of natural drug-like compounds with minimal side effects. Phytochemicals
better known as “Natural Products” are found abundantly in a number of plants. Since time immemorial, spices
have been widely used in Indian cuisine as flavoring and coloring agents. Most of these spices and condiments
are derived from various biodiversity hotspots in India (which contribute 75% of global spice production) and
form the crux of India’s multidiverse and multicultural cuisine. Apart from their aroma, flavor and taste, these
spices and condiments are known to possess several medicinal properties also. Most of these spices are mentioned
in the Ayurveda, the indigenous system of medicine. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative,
antihypertensive and antidiabetic properties of several of these natural products are well documented in
Ayurveda. These phytoconstituemts are known to act as functional immunoboosters, immunomodulators as well
as anti-inflammatory agents. As anticancer agents, their mechanistic action involves cancer cell death via induction
of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. The present review provides a comprehensive and collective update
on the potential of 66 commonly used spices as well as their bioactive constituents as anticancer agents. The
review also provides an in-depth update of all major in vitro, in vivo, clinical and pharmacological studies done
on these spices with special emphasis on the potential of these spices and their bioactive constituents as potential
functional foods for prevention, treatment and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Mohsin A. Khan
- Chancellor, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - A.N. Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tanvir R. Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Zainab Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Sunaina Chaubey
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
| | - Arvind K. Srivastava
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
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In Search of Panacea-Review of Recent Studies Concerning Nature-Derived Anticancer Agents. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061426. [PMID: 31242602 PMCID: PMC6627480 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are one of the leading causes of deaths affecting millions of people around the world, therefore they are currently a major public health problem. The treatment of cancer is based on surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy, much of which is often insufficient and cause serious, burdensome and undesirable side effects. For many years, assorted secondary metabolites derived from plants have been used as antitumor agents. Recently, researchers have discovered a large number of new natural substances which can effectively interfere with cancer cells’ metabolism. The most famous groups of these compounds are topoisomerase and mitotic inhibitors. The aim of the latest research is to characterize natural compounds found in many common foods, especially by means of their abilities to regulate cell cycle, growth and differentiation, as well as epigenetic modulation. In this paper, we focus on a review of recent discoveries regarding nature-derived anticancer agents.
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Mahgoub SAM, El-Hack MEA, Saadeldin IM, Hussein MA, Swelum AA, Alagawany M. Impact of Rosmarinus officinalis cold-pressed oil on health, growth performance, intestinal bacterial populations, and immunocompetence of Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2139-2149. [PMID: 30590789 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to study the impacts of rosemary cold-pressed oil (RCPO) for biostimulating health, growth performance, and intestinal bacterial populations of Japanese quail. The study included 300 growing 1-wk-old Japanese quails. Birds were divided into 3 groups in a complete randomized design experiment that involved 3 levels of RCPO (0, 1.00 and 2.00 mL/kg diet). Results revealed that the addition of rosemary oil numerically increased values of body weight and body weight gain when compared with the control group, particularly the highest level of RCPO (2.00 mL/kg diet). Birds fed diets supplemented with rosemary oil consumed more feed (P ≤ 0.01) compared with those fed the control diet. Feed conversion ratio tended to be improved in rosemary oil groups during the period 3 to 6 wk of age (P = 0.013). The highest level of rosemary oil (2.00 mL/kg diet) had the best impact on all carcass traits studied. RCPO supplementation showed an increase in serum total protein, metabolic hormones levels, while it reduced serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and protein carbonyl levels. Moreover, RCPO increased antioxidative enzymes, and reduced the lipid peroxidation in quail liver. The supplementation of 2 mL/RCPO kg diet showed significant reduction in populations of total cultural bacterial count, coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. in the ileum when compared to the control. The current results showed that RCPO supplementation to Japanese quails diet could enhance the growth performance and reduce the intestinal pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, RCPO can be a beneficial antimicrobial and growth-promoting feed supplement for the Japanese quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir A M Mahgoub
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
| | - Islam M Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
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Yan M, Vemu B, Veenstra J, Petiwala SM, Johnson JJ. Carnosol, a dietary diterpene from rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis) activates Nrf2 leading to sestrin 2 induction in colon cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 5. [PMID: 30972223 DOI: 10.15761/imm.1000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Rosemary is abundant with phytochemicals and has recently been approved as an antioxidant food preservative in the European Union. The safety of rosemary is well established, however, the benefits on gastrointestinal health are less known. Our overall hypothesis is that the phytochemicals in rosemary including carnosol have the potential to promote gastrointestinal health by activation of the antioxidant sestrin-2 when consumed in our diet. Methods Colon cells HCT116 and SW480 were treated with carnosol and evaluated by MTT, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and Western blot analysis to understand the modulation of the PERK/Nrf2/Sestrin-2 pathway. Results Carnosol was found to modulate PERK and increase the concentration of nuclear Nrf2. Furthermore, a downstream marker of Nrf2 expression, Sestrin-2 was shown to be upregulated. Conclusion Based on these observations carnosol modulates the PERK and Nrf2 pathways along with increased expression of sestrin-2, a known stress inducible antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bhaskar Vemu
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jacob Veenstra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sakina M Petiwala
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jeremy J Johnson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Farag MR, Gopi M, Karthik K, Malik YS, Dhama K. Rosmarinic acid: modes of action, medicinal values and health benefits. Anim Health Res Rev 2017; 18:167-176. [PMID: 29110743 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252317000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The supplementation of livestock rations with herbs containing bioactive components, such as rosmarinic acid (RA), have shown promising results as a natural feed additive in promoting growth, productive and reproductive performance, feed utilization, fertility, anti-oxidant status and immunologic indices. Furthermore, RA reportedly reduces the risks of various animal diseases and mitigates side effects of chemical and synthetic drugs. RA is a natural polyphenol present in several Lamiaceae herbs like Perilla frutescens, and RA is becoming an integral component of animal nutrition as it counters the effect of reactive oxygen species induced in the body as a consequence of different kinds of stressors. Studies have further ascertained the capability of RA to work as an anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, hepato- and renal-protectant agent, as well as to have beneficial effects during skin afflictions. Additionally, RA is favored in meat industries due to enhancing the quality of meat products by reportedly improving shelf-life and imparting desirable flavor. This review describes the beneficial applications and recent findings with RA, including its natural sources, modes of action and various useful applications in safeguarding livestock health as well as important aspects of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department,Faculty of Agriculture,Zagazig University,Zagazig 44511,Egypt
| | | | - Mayada Ragab Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Zagazig University,Zagazig 44511,Egypt
| | - Marappan Gopi
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction,ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute,Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh,India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory,Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University,Chennai, Tamil Nadu,India
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute,Izatnagar,Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh,India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute,Izatnagar,Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh,India
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11
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Carnosol controls the human glioblastoma stemness features through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition modulation and the induction of cancer stem cell apoptosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15174. [PMID: 29123181 PMCID: PMC5680298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15360-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A high cell proliferation rate, invasiveness and resistance to chemotherapy are the main features of glioblastoma (GBM). GBM aggressiveness has been widely associated both with a minor population of cells presenting stem-like properties (cancer stem-like cells, CSCs) and with the ability of tumor cells to acquire a mesenchymal phenotype (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT). Carnosol (CAR), a natural inhibitor of MDM2/p53 complex, has been attracted attention for its anti-cancer effects on several tumor types, including GBM. Herein, the effects of CAR on U87MG-derived CSC viability and stemness features were evaluated. CAR decreased the rate of CSC formation and promoted the CSC apoptotic cell death through p53 functional reactivation. Moreover, CAR was able to control the TNF-α/TGF-β-induced EMT, counteracting the effects of the cytokine on EMT master regulator genes (Slug, Snail, Twist and ZEB1) and modulating the activation of miR-200c, a key player in the EMT process. Finally, CAR was able to increase the temozolomide (TMZ) anti-proliferative effects. These findings demonstrate that CAR affected the different intracellular mechanism of the complex machinery that regulates GBM stemness. For the first time, the diterpene was highlighted as a promising lead for the development of agents able to decrease the stemness features, thus controlling GBM aggressiveness.
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ALAGAWANY MAHMOUD, EL-HACK MOHAMEDEABD, SAEED MUHAMMAD, ARAIN MUHAMMADA, BHUTTO ZOHAIBA, FAZLANI SARFRAZA, BROHI SARFRAZA, ARIF MUHAMMAD. Effect of some phytogenic additives as dietary supplements on performance, egg quality, serum biochemical parameters and oxidative status in laying hens. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 87. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v87i7.72300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of some phytogenic feed additives on performance and quality of eggs as well as blood constituents and antioxidant indices in laying hens. Hi-sex Brown laying hens (72) were assigned to 3 dietary treatments (6 replications of 4 hens in a group) and were fed the basal diet or diets supplemented with 0.9% of rosemary and thyme herbs till 52 wk-old. There were no differences in feed intake andegg weight due to herbs addition. Feed conversion ratio, egg production and egg output improved with herbal plants supplementation compared to control. Egg quality traits were significantly affected by herbs supplementation.There were significant differences among the different experimental groups and control on all serum constituents studied except total protein, albumin and HDL-cholesterol. In comparison to control, the dietenriched with rosemary herb significantly lowered serum triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. Super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity was statistically improved in phytogenic additive groups, and was maximized (277 U/ml) with dietary thyme. While, malonaldehyde (MDA) level decreased compared to control. It can be concluded that thyme and rosemary supplemented up to 0.9% can be used as effective naturalfeed additives in layer diets to improve performance, immune response and antioxidant status.
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Kaur V, Kumar M, Kaur P, Kaur S, Kaur S. Inhibitory Activities of Butanol Fraction from Butea monosperma
(Lam
.) Taub
. Bark Against Free Radicals, Genotoxins and Cancer Cells. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varinder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
- Akal College of Basic Sciences (Botany); Eternal University; Baru Sahib Sirmour Himachal Pradesh 173101 India
| | - Paramjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
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14
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Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis ) as a functional ingredient: recent scientific evidence. Curr Opin Food Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Pacifico S, Piccolella S, Lettieri A, Nocera P, Bollino F, Catauro M. A metabolic profiling approach to an Italian sage leaf extract (SoA541) defines its antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase properties. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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16
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Comparative Study of Green Sub- and Supercritical Processes to Obtain Carnosic Acid and Carnosol-Enriched Rosemary Extracts with in Vitro Anti-Proliferative Activity on Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122046. [PMID: 27941607 PMCID: PMC5187846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, four green processes have been compared to evaluate their potential to obtain rosemary extracts with in vitro anti-proliferative activity against two colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 and HCT116). The processes, carried out under optimal conditions, were: (1) pressurized liquid extraction (PLE, using an hydroalcoholic mixture as solvent) at lab-scale; (2) Single-step supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) at pilot scale; (3) Intensified two-step sequential SFE at pilot scale; (4) Integrated PLE plus supercritical antisolvent fractionation (SAF) at pilot scale. Although higher extraction yields were achieved by using PLE (38.46% dry weight), this extract provided the lowest anti-proliferative activity with no observed cytotoxic effects at the assayed concentrations. On the other hand, extracts obtained using the PLE + SAF process provided the most active rosemary extracts against both colon cancer cell lines, with LC50 ranging from 11.2 to 12.4 µg/mL and from 21.8 to 31.9 µg/mL for HCT116 and HT-29, respectively. In general, active rosemary extracts were characterized by containing carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS) at concentrations above 263.7 and 33.9 mg/g extract, respectively. Some distinct compounds have been identified in the SAF extracts (rosmaridiphenol and safficinolide), suggesting their possible role as additional contributors to the observed strong anti-proliferative activity of CA and CS in SAF extracts.
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17
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Kashyap D, Kumar G, Sharma A, Sak K, Tuli HS, Mukherjee TK. Mechanistic insight into carnosol-mediated pharmacological effects: Recent trends and advancements. Life Sci 2016; 169:27-36. [PMID: 27871947 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, bioactive phytochemicals have been appreciated to prevent and cure various lethal diseases. Many studies have proven the ability of dietary phytochemicals to avoid and retard tumor initiation and progression. Among the pharmacologically active moieties, terpenoids are considered one of the most important classes. Carnosol, is also a kind of diterpenoid, which known to possess a range of therapeutic effects such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. All these effects are mediated via modulating different signaling cascades, including apoptosis regulating molecules (Bax/Bcl2), prosurvival-proproliferative molecules (Akt/mTOR, MAPK), transcription factors like NF-kappaB, STAT3-6, and steroid receptors, such as androgen and estrogen receptors. The present review highlights the recent trends and advancements have been done in the field of research by using carnosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- School of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Tikker-Kharwarian, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 17604, India
| | - Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India.
| | - Tapan K Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
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18
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Giacomelli C, Natali L, Trincavelli ML, Daniele S, Bertoli A, Flamini G, Braca A, Martini C. New insights into the anticancer activity of carnosol: p53 reactivation in the U87MG human glioblastoma cell line. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 74:95-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Abu N, Yeap SK, Pauzi AZM, Akhtar MN, Zamberi NR, Ismail J, Zareen S, Alitheen NB. Dual Regulation of Cell Death and Cell Survival upon Induction of Cellular Stress by Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic Acid in Cervical Cancer, HeLa Cells In vitro. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:89. [PMID: 27065873 PMCID: PMC4814465 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fritillaria imperialis is an ornamental flower that can be found in various parts of the world including Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the Himalayas. The use of this plant as traditional remedy is widely known. This study aims to unveil the anti-cancer potentials of Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic Acid, extracted from the bulbs of F. imperialis in cervical cancer cell line, HeLa cells. Flow cytometry analysis of cell death, gene expression analysis via cDNA microarray and protein array were performed. Based on the results, Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic acid simultaneously induced cell death and promoted cell survival. The execution of apoptosis was apparent based on the flow cytometry results and regulation of both pro and anti-apoptotic genes. Additionally, the regulation of anti-oxidant genes were up-regulated especially thioredoxin, glutathione and superoxide dismutase- related genes. Moreover, the treatment also induced the activation of pro-survival heat shock proteins. Collectively, Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic Acid managed to induce cellular stress in HeLa cells and activate several anti- and pro survival pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah Abu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Swee K Yeap
- Laboratory of Immunotherapeutics and Vaccine (LIVES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Z Mat Pauzi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | - M Nadeem Akhtar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur R Zamberi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jamil Ismail
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Seema Zareen
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan B Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
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20
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Yamahara M, Sugimura K, Kumagai A, Fuchino H, Kuroi A, Kagawa M, Itoh Y, Kawahara H, Nagaoka Y, Iida O, Kawahara N, Takemori H, Watanabe H. Callicarpa longissima extract, carnosol-rich, potently inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. J Nat Med 2015; 70:28-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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González MA. Aromatic abietane diterpenoids: their biological activity and synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:684-704. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the biological properties of abietane-type diterpenoids with an aromatic C ring are reviewed. The review contains about 160 references.
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22
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Identification of natural compound carnosol as a novel TRPA1 receptor agonist. Molecules 2014; 19:18733-46. [PMID: 25405290 PMCID: PMC6271858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) cation channel is one of the well-known targets for pain therapy. Herbal medicine is a rich source for new drugs and potentially useful therapeutic agents. To discover novel natural TRPA1 agonists, compounds isolated from Chinese herbs were screened using a cell-based calcium mobilization assay. Out of the 158 natural compounds derived from traditional Chinese herbal medicines, carnosol was identified as a novel agonist of TRPA1 with an EC50 value of 12.46 µM. And the agonistic effect of carnosol on TRPA1 could be blocked by A-967079, a selective TRPA1 antagonist. Furthermore, the specificity of carnosol was verified as it showed no significant effects on two other typical targets of TRP family member: TRPM8 and TRPV3. Carnosol exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties; the activation of TRPA1 might be responsible for the modulation of inflammatory nociceptive transmission. Collectively, our findings indicate that carnosol is a new anti-nociceptive agent targeting TRPA1 that can be used to explore further biological role in pain therapy.
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