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Lozano-Madrid M, Granero R, Lucas I, Sánchez I, Sánchez-González J, Gómez-Peña M, Moragas L, Mallorquí-Bagué N, Tapia J, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Impulsivity and compulsivity in gambling disorder and bulimic spectrum eating disorders: Analysis of neuropsychological profiles and sex differences. Eur Psychiatry 2023; 66:e91. [PMID: 37855168 PMCID: PMC10755579 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gambling disorder (GD) and bulimic spectrum eating disorders (BSDs) not only share numerous psychopathological, neurobiological, and comorbidity features but also are distinguished by the presence of inappropriate behaviours related to impulsivity and compulsivity. This study aimed to emphasise the differences and similarities in the main impulsivity and compulsivity features between GD and BSD patients, and to analyse the potential influence of sex in these domains. METHODS Using self-reported and neurocognitive measures, we assessed different impulsive-compulsive components in a sample of 218 female and male patients (59 with BSD and 159 with GD) and 150 healthy controls. RESULTS We observed that GD and BSDs exhibited elevated levels of impulsivity and compulsivity in all the dimensions compared to healthy controls. Moreover, these disorders showed differences in several personality traits, such as high novelty seeking in GD, and low persistence and high harm avoidance in BSDs. In addition, patients with BSDs also displayed a trend towards greater impulsive choice than GD patients. Regarding sex effects, GD women presented higher overall impulsivity and compulsivity than GD men. Nevertheless, no sex differences were found in BSDs. CONCLUSIONS Clinical interventions should consider these deficits to enhance their effectiveness, including adjunctive treatment to target these difficulties. Our findings also provide support to the relevance of sex in GD, which should also be considered in clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lozano-Madrid
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lucas
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Sánchez
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jéssica Sánchez-González
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez-Peña
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Mallorquí-Bagué
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
| | - Javier Tapia
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Clinical Psychology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge – ICS, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Müller A, Laskowski NM, Thomas TA, Antons S, Tahmassebi N, Steins-Loeber S, Brand M, Georgiadou E. Update on treatment studies for compulsive buying-shopping disorder: A systematic review. J Behav Addict 2023; 12:631-651. [PMID: 37450373 PMCID: PMC10562810 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD) is mentioned as an example of other specified impulse control disorders in the ICD-11 coding tool, highlighting its clinical relevance and need for treatment. The aim of the present work was to provide a systematic update on treatment studies for CBSD, with a particular focus on online CBSD. Method The preregistered systematic review (PROSPERO, CRD42021257379) was performed in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases. Original research published between January 2000 and December 2022 was included. Risk of reporting bias was evaluated with the CONSORT guideline for randomized controlled trials. Effect sizes for primary CBSD outcomes were calculated. Results Thirteen studies were included (psychotherapy: 2 open, 4 waitlist control design; medication: 2 open, 3 placebo-controlled, 2 open-label phase followed by a double-blind discontinuation phase; participants treatment/control 349/149). None of the studies addressed online CBSD. Psychotherapy studies suggest that group cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in reducing CBSD symptoms. Pharmacological studies with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors or topiramate did not indicate superiority over placebo. Predictors of treatment outcome were rarely examined, mechanisms of change were not studied at all. Risk of reporting bias was high in most studies. Discussion Poor methodological and low quality of reporting of included studies reduce the reliability of conclusions. There is a lack of studies targeting online CBSD. More high-quality treatment research is needed with more emphasis on the CBSD subtype and mechanisms of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nora M. Laskowski
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Ruhr-University Bochum, University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Tobias A. Thomas
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephanie Antons
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Steins-Loeber
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bamberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Ekaterini Georgiadou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Germany
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3
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Macía L, Momeñe López J, Macía P, Herrero M, Jauregui P, Iruarrizaga I, Estévez A. Latent classes of eating disorders and addictions by sex: Implication of alexithymia and stressful life events in youths. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1088595. [PMID: 36844334 PMCID: PMC9950640 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1088595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Eating disorders (EDs) and behavioural addictions show common psychological vulnerability factors such as alexithymia and stressful life events (SLE). This study aims, firstly, to explore the prevalence and latent profiles of participants based on their risk of suffering EDs, gambling disorder (GD), alcohol and/or drug abuse, and compulsive buying (CB) by sex. Secondly, it aimed to test whether alexithymia and having experienced SLE are associated with group membership. Methods The sample was predominantly drawn from university students and social networks. It was composed of 352 young adults between 18 and 35 years old, of whom 77.8% were women and 22.2% men. Results The results showed that the most prevalent disorders of the sample were alcohol, EDs, CB, drugs and GD, respectively. Moreover, latent class analyses were conducted based on the risk of suffering EDs or addictions by sex. Three main profiles were found: 'Men with addictions', 'Healthy women' and 'Women with EDs'. Finally, differences in SLE and alexithymia levels were tested by latent classes. "Men with addictions" and "Women with EDs" had higher scores on alexithymia and SLE than the group of "Healthy women". However, the group of "Women with EDs" (class 3) reported significantly higher levels of SLE and alexithymia than the other two groups. Discussion and conclusion In conclusion, we discuss the possibility that some vulnerability factors operate generally and transdiagnostically in EDs and addictive disorders. The identification of clinical phenotypes could complement and deepen prediction, prevention and treatment research in clinical settings. The need to take sex and gender differences into account is reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Macía
- Psychology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Janire Momeñe López
- Psychology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Patricia Macía
- Department of Basic Psychological Processes and their Development, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marta Herrero
- Psychology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paula Jauregui
- Psychology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iciar Iruarrizaga
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Social Work, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Estévez
- Psychology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain,*Correspondence: Ana Estévez, ✉
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Mallorquí-Bagué N, Lozano-Madrid M, Granero R, Mestre-Bach G, Vintró-Alcaraz C, Sánchez I, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Cognitive and clinical gender‐related differences among binge‐spectrum eating disorders: Analysis of therapy response predictors. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2022; 31:377-389. [PMID: 36482806 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed gender-related differences in executive functions (decision-making, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility), personality traits and psychopathological symptoms in binge-spectrum eating disorders (EDs). Secondly, we aimed to separately explore the predictive value of gender and executive functions in treatment outcome. METHOD A battery of self-reported and neurocognitive measures were answered by a sample of 85 patients (64 females) diagnosed with a binge-spectrum ED (41 BN; 44 binge eating disorder). RESULTS Data showed gender-related differences in executive functioning, displaying women lower inhibitory control and lower cognitive flexibility than men. Regarding personality traits and psychopathology symptoms, women presented higher reward dependence and cooperativeness, as well as more drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, bulimia, and somatisation symptoms than men. Finally, worse executive functioning, particularly having lower ability in concept formation seems to predict worse treatment outcomes and dropout in these patients. CONCLUSIONS We described gender specific neuropsychological, personality and psychopathological impairments in patients with binge-spectrum EDs. Moreover, difficulties in executive functioning might have an impact on treatment response, since patients with a lower ability in concept formation are less likely to benefit from treatment. The present results can help improving current treatment approaches by tackling gender and individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Mallorquí-Bagué
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - María Lozano-Madrid
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Vintró-Alcaraz
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Sánchez
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Attiq S, Hamid ABA, Shah HJ, Khokhar MN, Shahzad A. Impact of brand hate on consumer well-being for technology products through the lens of stimulus organism response approach. Front Psychol 2022; 13:946362. [PMID: 35967710 PMCID: PMC9366433 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.946362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumer well-being is a micromarketing concept that emphasizes on contributions of marketing activities in social welfare. The major objective of the current study is to analyze the impact of self-incongruence on brand dissatisfaction, brand hate, and consumer well-being. This study has utilized the Self-incongruity Theory and the Stimulus-Organism-Response model to test the impact of self-incongruity on anti-consumption and consumer voice behaviors, and subsequent effects on consumer well-being. Data were collected from young consumers of technology products from major cities of Pakistan. A total of 592 consumers answered a paper-and-pencil questionnaire using purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed by partial least square structural equation modeling. The findings of this study reveal that functional and symbolic incongruity predict brand hate and dissatisfaction, which is positively related with brand retaliation. Brand retaliation is negatively related with consumer well-being. This study offers implications for product designers, marketers, advertisers and other stakeholders to improve congruence between what young consumers of technology products expect and what brands are offering to mitigate negative attitudes and behaviors and increase consumer well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Attiq
- Air University School of Management, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Hassan Jalil Shah
- School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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6
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Munguía L, Lucas I, Jiménez-Murcia S, Mora-Maltas B, Granero R, Miranda-Olivos R, Sánchez I, Testa G, Lozano-Madrid M, Turton R, Menchon JM, Fernández-Aranda F. Executive functions in binge spectrum eating disorders with comorbid compulsive buying. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2021; 29:854-867. [PMID: 34322952 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims were to explore if bulimic spectrum disorders (BSD) patients, who also present comorbid compulsive buying (CB), could represent a specific subtype considering its neuropsychological performance; to present a descriptive analysis of different clinical features; and to explore how these variables could influence treatment outcome. It was hypothesised that the comorbid group will present worse neuropsychological performance that will lead to a worse treatment outcome. METHOD The study has a longitudinal design. Women (N = 75) diagnosed with BSD, BSD + CB and Healthy Controls (HC); completed an evaluation of: cognitive flexibility, decision making, eating disorder (ED) symptomatology, psychopathological state and personality traits. RESULTS BSD + CB was the group with the most severe clinical profile, worst treatment outcome and higher neuropsychological impairment, than other groups. Path-analysis evidenced that deficits in decision making were associated with bad treatment outcome, while deficits in flexibility with the presence of the comorbidity. Self-directedness and novelty seeking were associated with the neuropsychological performance and the comorbidity. CONCLUSION BSD + CB exhibit a worse clinical and neuropsychological profile that seems to be related with the treatment outcome, which should be taken into account for the establishment of specific treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucero Munguía
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lucas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romina Miranda-Olivos
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Sánchez
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Testa
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Lozano-Madrid
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Turton
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jose M Menchon
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Salud Mental (CIBERsam), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Longitudinal Changes in Gambling, Buying and Materialism in Adolescents: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062811. [PMID: 33801993 PMCID: PMC8000979 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gambling disorder, gambling-related cognitive biases, compulsive buying, and materialistic values lead to impaired functioning in important areas of life. The aims of the present longitudinal study are (1) to evaluate the change produced after one year in those mentioned variables and (2) to examine the gender role in these changes and to analyze the mediational mechanisms among the variables of the study. The sample was composed of 182 adolescents (103 females and 79 males) from secondary education Spanish institutions who completed self-administered questionnaires. Structural equation modeling has been used to explore associations between the different variables. Our results show significant decreases in compulsive buying, materialism, and cognitive biases related to gambling after one year. Gambling disorder severity was directly related to cognitive distortions of gambling and being a man. Compulsive buying was associated with older age and the female gender. Materialism was associated with compulsive buying and the male gender. In conclusion, gambling disorder, gambling-related cognitive biases, compulsive buying, and materialistic values change over time in different ways, according to gender. The understanding of gambling disorder and compulsive buying in adolescents could potentially lead to early prevention and treatment programs for the specific needs of gender and age.
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8
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Devoe DJ, Anderson A, Bahji A, Singh M, Patten SB, Soumbasis A, Ramirez Pineda A, Flanagan J, Richardson C, Lange T, Dimitropoulos G, Paslakis G. The Prevalence of Impulse Control Disorders and Behavioral Addictions in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:724034. [PMID: 35069274 PMCID: PMC8770943 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.724034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) may present with impulse control disorders (ICDs) and behavioral addictions (BAs), which may result in additional suffering and treatment resistance. However, the prevalence of ICDs and BAs in EDs has not been systematically examined. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of ICDs and BAs in ED samples. Methods: A comprehensive electronic database search of the peer-reviewed literature was conducted in the following online databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL from their inception to May 2021. We restricted review eligibility to research studies reporting prevalence for ICDs or BAs in individuals with diagnosed EDs. The outcome for this review was the prevalence of ICDs or BAs in individuals with EDs. A series of random-effects meta-analyses were performed on eligible studies to estimate the pooled proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Thirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 9,646 individuals identified as having an ED, 18 of these studies specifically examined ICDs/BAs in AN, BN, and BED. Random-effects pooled estimates demonstrated that the comorbid prevalence of any ICD was 22%. The prevalence of comorbid pathological/compulsive buying was highest (19%), followed by kleptomania (18%), pathological internet use (12%), intermittent explosive disorder (4%), trichotillomania (3%), and gambling disorder (2%). In addition, the prevalence of stealing/shoplifting behaviors was 30% in those with EDs. Conclusion: This is the first meta-analysis on the comorbid prevalence of EDs and ICDs/BAs. We found a moderate prevalence for these comorbid conditions, with approximately one out of five individuals with an ED also displaying a comorbid ICD/BA. Although causal inferences cannot be drawn, the numbers strongly suggest that clinical screening/monitoring of ICDs/BAs should be part of the clinical routine in cohorts with EDs. ED settings need either the capacity to manage these disorders or adequate access to relevant services. Further investigations are needed to reveal common underlying pathomechanisms. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42020202044.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Devoe
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alida Anderson
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anees Bahji
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Manya Singh
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Scott B Patten
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea Soumbasis
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ana Ramirez Pineda
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jordyn Flanagan
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Tom Lange
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gina Dimitropoulos
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Georgios Paslakis
- Ruhr-University Bochum, University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Lübbecke, Germany
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9
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Müller A, Trotzke P, Laskowski NM, Brederecke J, Georgiadou E, Tahmassebi N, Hillemacher T, de Zwaan M, Brand M. [The Pathological Buying Screener: Validation in a Clinical Sample]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2020; 71:294-300. [PMID: 33246347 DOI: 10.1055/a-1303-4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the 13-item Pathological Buying Screener (PBS, [1]) in a clinical sample. METHOD The PBS was administered to a total sample of 413 treatment-seeking patients (buying-shopping disorder n=151, gambling disorder n=59, alcohol dependency n=60, other mental disorders [anxiety, depressive, eating, somatoform disorders] n=143). Factor structure was tested in the total sample using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability was determined by means of Cronbach's α. Group comparisons were used to determine to which degree the PBS discriminates between patients with BSD and other clinical groups. The BSD-group completed a battery of other measures to explore convergent and divergent validity. A subgroup (n=29) answered the PBS before and after psychotherapy to investigate sensitivity to change. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with PBS data of patients with buying-shopping disorder and those from a previous community sample 1 was performed to define a cut-off point for buying-shopping disorder. RESULTS The CFA showed a good model fit for both a one-factor and a two-factor structure with the subscales "loss of control/consequences" (10 items) and "excessive buying behavior" (3 items). The subscales were highly intercorrelated (r=0.92). A hierarchical regression analysis with another BSD measure as dependent variable did not indicate an own incremental validity of the subscale "excessive buying behavior". Good convergent, divergent and discriminative capacity was obtained for the PBS total score. At its recommended cut-off point of ≥29 the PBS has a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 94.7%. CONCLUSION The findings indicate good psychometric properties of the PBS and suggest that the PBS total score can be used in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Müller
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Patrick Trotzke
- Allgemeine Psychologie: Kognition und Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Deutschland
| | - Nora M Laskowski
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Jan Brederecke
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Ekaterini Georgiadou
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Nürnberg, Deutschland.,Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | | | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Nürnberg, Deutschland.,Klinik für Psychiatrie, Sozialpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Matthias Brand
- Allgemeine Psychologie: Kognition und Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Deutschland.,Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Deutschland
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10
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Estévez A, Jáuregui P, Lopez-Gonzalez H, Macia L, Granero R, Mestre-Bach G, Fernández-Aranda F, Gómez-Peña M, Moragas L, Mena-Moreno T, Lozano-Madrid M, Del Pino-Gutierrez A, Codina E, Testa G, Vintró-Alcaraz C, Agüera Z, Munguía L, Baenas I, Valenciano-Mendoza E, Mora-Maltas B, Menchón JM, Jiménez-Murcia S. Comorbid behavioral and substance-related addictions in young population with and without gambling disorder. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2020.1836250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Estévez
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paula Jáuregui
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Macia
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical SciencesSchool of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez-Peña
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Mena-Moreno
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Lozano-Madrid
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo Del Pino-Gutierrez
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament d’Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Maternoinfantil, Escola Universitària d’Infermeria, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Codina
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Testa
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Vintró-Alcaraz
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaida Agüera
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament d’Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Maternoinfantil, Escola Universitària d’Infermeria, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucero Munguía
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Baenas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M. Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical SciencesSchool of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical SciencesSchool of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Trotzke P, Müller A, Brand M, Starcke K, Steins-Loeber S. Buying despite negative consequences: Interaction of craving, implicit cognitive processes, and inhibitory control in the context of buying-shopping disorder. Addict Behav 2020; 110:106523. [PMID: 32652388 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Buying-shopping disorder (BSD) is a severe mental disorder in which individuals lose control over their buying/shopping behavior. It is debated whether BSD shares characteristics with other behavioral addictions. The current study aimed at investigating addiction-related concepts, i.e. cue-reactivity/craving, implicit cognitions, and inhibitory control mechanisms, in the context of BSD. METHODS An analog sample of 277 participants completed a cue-reactivity paradigm with shopping-related pictures. To assess implicit cognitions (attentional bias and implicit associations) and inhibitory control, a visual dot probe paradigm, an implicit association test, and an affective shifting task, all with shopping-related and control pictures, were administered. The sequence of the three tasks was randomized across participants. Craving was measured prior and after the cue-reactivity paradigm and after completion of the experimental procedure. BSD severity was assessed using the Pathological Buying Screener (PBS). RESULTS Increases in craving during the cue-reactivity paradigm, but decreases after the experimental procedure were observed. Craving, attentional bias and implicit cognitions were related to BSD severity-but not to inhibitory control. However, we found moderating effects of attentional bias and inhibitory control as well as implicit associations and inhibitory control on the relationship between craving and BSD severity. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Results emphasize the role of cue-reactivity/craving, implicit cognitions and inhibitory control in the context of BSD. In line with models for behavioral addictions (I-PACE; Brand et al., 2019), the interaction of affective and cognitive biases towards shopping cues and dysfunctional inhibitory control mechanisms seems to explain the pathological engagement in buying/shopping despite negative consequences.
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12
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Estévez A, Jauregui P, Granero R, Munguía L, López-González H, Macía L, López N, Momeñe J, Corral S, Fernández-Aranda F, Agüera Z, Mena-Moreno T, Lozano-Madrid MDE, Vintró-Alcaraz C, Del Pino-Gutierrez A, Codina E, Valenciano-Mendoza E, Gómez-Peña M, Moragas L, Casalé G, Mora-Maltas B, Mestre-Bach G, Menchón JM, Jiménez-Murcia S. Buying-shopping disorder, emotion dysregulation, coping and materialism: a comparative approach with gambling patients and young people and adolescents. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2020; 24:407-415. [PMID: 32643498 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2020.1780616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The comorbidity between gambling disorder (GD) and buying-shopping disorder (BSD) has led to explore the core features that could be interacting between them. The main aim of this study was to examine the differences in both conditions considering emotion dysregulation, coping and materialism, as well as the relationship between these variables and their interaction with age and sex. METHODS A community sample (n = 281 adolescents) and a sample of individuals with GD (n = 31) was compared. Both samples were split into a group with BSD and a group without it. RESULTS The prevalence of participants who met the criteria for BSD was higher in the GD sample than in the community sample; the GD sample also presented higher values in the psychological variables studied. In the community sample group, positive associations were found between BSD severity and materialism and emotion dysregulation levels. In the GD sample, BSD severity was higher for participants who reported higher levels in materialism and lower scores in coping strategies. Variables impacted BSD severity differently according to sex and age covariates. CONCLUSIONS The results of the interaction of the variables could be useful to design prevention and treatment approaches addressed to specific groups of age and sex. KEY POINTS Buying-shopping disorder (BSD) has been compared in clinical and community samples. The clinical sample was constituted by Gambling disorder (GD) patients. The variables emotion dysregulation, coping and materialism have been considered. Variables impacted BSD severity differently according to sex and age covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Estévez
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paula Jauregui
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucero Munguía
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hibai López-González
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Macía
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Naiara López
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Janire Momeñe
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Susana Corral
- Psychology Department, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaida Agüera
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Maternoinfantil. Escola Universitària d'Infermeria. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Mena-Moreno
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Del Espino Lozano-Madrid
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Vintró-Alcaraz
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo Del Pino-Gutierrez
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Maternoinfantil. Escola Universitària d'Infermeria. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Codina
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mónica Gómez-Peña
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Casalé
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,International University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Kovács I, Pribék IK, Demeter I, Rózsa S, Janka Z, Demetrovics Z, Andó B. The personality profile of chronic alcohol dependent patients with comorbid gambling disorder symptoms. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 101:152183. [PMID: 32473383 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The importance of personality characteristics in the diagnosis and treatment of gambling disorder (GD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often highlighted in scientific literature. This study aimed to test predictions about the associations of temperament and character in chronic AUD patients with comorbid GD symptoms and without them. METHODS Chronic AUD patients enrolled from an inpatient clinic were divided in two groups based on cluster analysis, AUD patients with (AUD + GD group: n = 30) and without (AUD group: n = 68) GD symptoms. Severity of GD symptoms and personality dimensions (Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory Revised, TCI-R) were assessed. Associations of tested variables were analysed with analysis of covariance, one-sample and independent sample t-tests. RESULTS GD symptoms proved to be a clustering factor in terms of personality, where AUD + GD group expressed a more maladaptive personality profile. Compared to Hungarian normative TCI-R scores, both patient groups showed elevated levels of Harm Avoidance and Novelty Seeking with lower scores of Self-directedness, while the AUD + GD group scored lower on Persistence and Cooperation as well. The AUD + GD group reported significantly higher levels of Harm Avoidance, with lower scores of Reward Dependence compared to the AUD group. DISCUSSION Comorbid GD symptom severity is an important factor in chronic AUD, where AUD patients with comorbid GD symptoms exhibited a more maladaptive personality constellation than singular AUD patients. These emphasize the need of special attention for comorbid GD symptoms in AUD, since treatment recommendations and prognosis for them may also differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Kovács
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Kálvária Ave. 57, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Katalin Pribék
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Kálvária Ave. 57, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Demeter
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Kálvária Ave. 57, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Rózsa
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Zoltán Janka
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Kálvária Ave. 57, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella Street 46, H-1064 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Andó
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Kálvária Ave. 57, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary.
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14
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A review of binge eating disorder and obesity. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT ÖSTERREICHISCHER NERVENÄRZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2020; 35:57-67. [PMID: 32346850 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-020-00346-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a mental illness characterised by recurrent binge eating episodes in the absence of appropriate compensatory behaviours. Consequently, BED is strongly associated with obesity. The current review aims to provide an update of the most relevant aspects of BED (e.g., clinical profile, aetiology and treatment approaches), in order not only to facilitate a better understanding of the disorder and its clinical consequences, but also to identify potential targets of prevention and intervention. Patients with BED often present high comorbidity with other medical conditions and psychiatric disorders. Numerous risk factors have been associated with the development and maintenance of the disorder. Moreover, although some treatments for BED have proven to be effective in addressing different key aspects of the disorder, the rates of patients that have ever received specific treatment for BED are very low. The factors involved and how to implement effective treatments will be discussed for the purpose of addressing the eating symptomatology and comorbid obesity.
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15
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Tang KTY, Kim HS, Hodgins DC, McGrath DS, Tavares H. Gambling disorder and comorbid behavioral addictions: Demographic, clinical, and personality correlates. Psychiatry Res 2020; 284:112763. [PMID: 31951870 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Gambling disorder (GD) frequently co-occurs with substance use disorders. However, the extent to which GD co-occurs with behavioral addictions (BAs) and the demographic, clinical, and personality correlates of comorbid GD and BA is largely unknown. The aims of the present research were to address this gap among people seeking treatment for GD (N = 458) in São Paulo, Brazil. Structured clinical interviews diagnosed individuals with GD and other psychiatric disorders. The Shorter PROMIS questionnaire was used to identify BAs (work, exercise, food bingeing, sex, and shopping). Questionnaires assessed demographic characteristics, gambling behavior, and personality. Of the total sample, 206 (45.0%) participants met the criteria of having at least one behavioral addiction (GD+BA). The most common comorbid BA was food bingeing (8.1%) with the least common being exercise (3.6%). In a multivariate logistic regression, individuals with GD+BA tended to be younger, and had greater rates of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and bulimia nervosa compared to participants who did not present with a comorbid BA. Taken together, individuals with GD+BA present with increased psychopathology. These results may have important implications for the assessment and treatment of individuals with GD and comorbid BAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen T Y Tang
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Canada.
| | - Hyoun S Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada
| | | | | | - Hermano Tavares
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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