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Iatcu OC, Lobiuc A, Covasa M. Micronutrient Patterns and Low Intake of Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Folate, Magnesium, and Potassium Among Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Cureus 2024; 16:e60906. [PMID: 38800767 PMCID: PMC11117023 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Assessing micronutrient intake is important in identifying deficiencies that may contribute to insulin resistance, poor glycemic control, and increased risk of diabetes-related complications. The study's objectives were to evaluate micronutrient intake in prediabetes (PD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients compared to recommended dietary intakes (RDI) and to determine the associations between the micronutrient patterns and both anthropometric measurements and biomarkers of diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 349 patients with T2DM and 252 patients with PD. Micronutrient intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Micronutrient patterns were extracted from factor analysis using principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Participants in the highest tertile were considered to have the highest adherence to the corresponding micronutrient pattern. Results T2DM patients had a significantly lower intake of vitamin E (9.4 ± 0.2 vs. 10.1 ± 0.3 mg; p = 0.048), vitamin D (44.3 ± 1.1 vs. 48.9 ± 1.7 IU; p = 0.020), and thiamin (1.3 ± 0.1 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1 mg; p = 0.013) compared to PD patients. All patients had a significantly lower intake of vitamin A, vitamin D, folate, magnesium, and potassium and a significantly higher intake of vitamin B12 and copper compared to RDI. Three distinct micronutrient patterns were identified within each group. In the PD group, the Fe-Mn-Se pattern correlated significantly with waist circumference (WC) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). The Vit.C-K-Folate pattern showed significant associations with body fat (BF). The Vit.B2-P-Vit.B12 pattern was significantly linked to WC, body mass index (BMI), BF, FPG, and serum insulin (SI). For the T2DM patients, the K-Folate-Mg pattern displayed an inverse and significant association with weight and WC. The Iron-Se-Vit.B3 pattern showed a significant association with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. The Vit.B2-P-Ca pattern was significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Conclusion This study demonstrated that T2DM patients had significantly lower vitamin E, vitamin D, and thiamin intake than PD patients. Both T2DM and PD patients had a significantly lower intake of vitamin A, vitamin D, folate, magnesium, and potassium compared to the RDI. Among the identified micronutrient patterns, only the K-Folate-Mg pattern exhibited a significant association with reduced body weight and WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana C Iatcu
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Iasi, ROU
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Suceava, ROU
| | - Andrei Lobiuc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Suceava, ROU
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Suceava, ROU
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2
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Barcellos PAM, Dall'Agnol A, Sandi GM, Remonti LR, Silveiro SP. Dietary approach for the treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Hypertens 2024; 42:583-593. [PMID: 38441180 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The association of hypertension and diabetes mellitus is extremely common, increasing the mortality risk of patients, mainly by cardiovascular causes. Regarding the blood pressure (BP) targets to be achieved, most guidelines suggest levels of 130 mmHg for SBP and of 80 mmHg for DBP. Dietary modifications are quite effective, and many studies suggest that decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium ingestion are both valuable practices for reducing BP. This can be achieved by stimulating the ingestion of lacteous products, vegetables, and nuts. As for the ideal pharmacologic treatment for hypertension, either calcium channel blockers, diuretics or angiotensin-system blockers can be the first class of drug to be used. In this review, we summarize the evaluation of patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and discuss the available therapeutic approaches, with emphasis on evidence-based dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angélica Dall'Agnol
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Giovanna M Sandi
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
| | | | - Sandra P Silveiro
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Endocrine Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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3
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He J, Fan B, Lau ESH, Chu N, Ng NYH, Leung KHT, Poon EWM, Kong APS, Ma RCW, Luk AOY, Chan JCN, Chow E. Enhanced prediction of abnormal glucose tolerance using an extended non-invasive risk score incorporating routine renal biochemistry. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2024; 12:e003768. [PMID: 38373805 PMCID: PMC10882282 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes is preventable in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance based on 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We incorporated routine biochemistry to improve the performance of a non-invasive diabetes risk score to identify individuals with abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) defined by 2hPG≥7.8 mmol/L during OGTT. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used baseline data of 1938 individuals from the community-based "Better Health for Better Hong Kong - Hong Kong Family Diabetes Study (BHBHK-HKFDS) Cohort" recruited in 1998-2003. We incorporated routine biochemistry in a validated non-invasive diabetes risk score, and evaluated its performance using area under receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) with internal and external validation. RESULTS The AUROC of the original non-invasive risk score to predict AGT was 0.698 (95% CI, 0.662 to 0.733). Following additional inclusion of fasting plasma glucose, serum potassium, creatinine, and urea, the AUROC increased to 0.778 (95% CI, 0.744 to 0.809, p<0.001). Net reclassification improved by 31.9% (p<0.001) overall, by 30.8% among people with AGT and 1.1% among people without AGT. The extended model showed good calibration (χ2=11.315, p=0.1845) and performance on external validation using an independent data set (AUROC=0.722, 95% CI, 0.680 to 0.764). CONCLUSIONS The extended risk score incorporating clinical and routine biochemistry can be integrated into an electronic health records system to select high-risk subjects for evaluation of AGT using OGTT for prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Baoqi Fan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Eric S H Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Natural Chu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Noel Yat Hey Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kathy Ho Ting Leung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Emily W M Poon
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Alice Pik Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ronald Ching Wan Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Andrea O Y Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Elaine Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Arteaga S, Dolenz BJ, Znosko BM. Competitive Influence of Alkali Metals in the Ion Atmosphere on Nucleic Acid Duplex Stability. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1287-1297. [PMID: 38222622 PMCID: PMC10785066 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The nonspecific atmosphere around nucleic acids, often termed the ion atmosphere, encompasses a collection of weak ion-nucleic acid interactions. Although nonspecific, the ion atmosphere has been shown to influence nucleic acid folding and structural stability. Studies investigating the composition of the ion atmosphere have shown competitive occupancy of the atmosphere between metal ions in the same solution. Many studies have investigated single ion effects on nucleic acid secondary structure stability; however, no comprehensive studies have investigated how the competitive occupancy of mixed ions in the ion atmosphere influences nucleic acid secondary structure stability. Here, six oligonucleotides were optically melted in buffers containing molar quantities, or mixtures, of either XCl (X = Li, K, Rb, or Cs) or NaCl. A correction factor was developed to better predict RNA duplex stability in solutions containing mixed XCl/NaCl. For solutions containing a 1:1 mixture of XCl/NaCl, one alkali metal chloride contributed more to duplex stability than the other. Overall, there was a 54% improvement in predictive capabilities with the correction factor compared with the standard 1.0 M NaCl nearest-neighbor models. This correction factor can be used in models to better predict RNA secondary structure in solutions containing mixed XCl/NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian
J. Arteaga
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint
Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Bruce J. Dolenz
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint
Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Brent M. Znosko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint
Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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Kavle RR, Nolan PJ, Carne A, Agyei D, Morton JD, Bekhit AEDA. Earth Worming-An Evaluation of Earthworm ( Eisenia andrei) as an Alternative Food Source. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101948. [PMID: 37238766 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aside from their bioremediation roles, little is known about the food and feed value of earthworms. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional composition (proximate analysis and profiles of fatty acids and minerals) and techno-functional properties (foaming and emulsion stability and capacity) of earthworm (Eisenia andrei, sourced in New Zealand) powder (EAP) were investigated. Lipid nutritional indices, ω6/ω3, atherogenicity index, thrombogenicity index, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic acid ratio, and health-promoting index of EAP lipids are also reported. The protein, fat, and carbohydrate contents of EAP were found to be 53.75%, 19.30%, and 23.26% DW, respectively. The mineral profile obtained for the EAP consisted of 11 essential minerals, 23 non-essential minerals, and 4 heavy metals. The most abundant essential minerals were potassium (8220 mg·kg-1 DW), phosphorus (8220 mg·kg-1 DW), magnesium (744.7 mg·kg-1 DW), calcium (2396.7 mg·kg-1 DW), iron (244.7 mg·kg-1 DW), and manganese (25.6 mg·kg-1 DW). Toxic metals such as vanadium (0.2 mg·kg-1 DW), lead (0.2 mg·kg-1 DW), cadmium (2.2 mg·kg-1 DW), and arsenic (2.3 mg·kg-1 DW) were found in EAP, which pose safety considerations. Lauric acid (20.3% FA), myristoleic acid (11.20% FA), and linoleic acid (7.96% FA) were the most abundant saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The lipid nutritional indices, such as IT and ω-6/ω-3, of E. andrei were within limits considered to enhance human health. A protein extract derived from EAP (EAPPE), obtained by alkaline solubilisation and pH precipitation, exhibited an isoelectric pH of ~5. The total essential amino acid content and essential amino acid index of EAPPE were 373.3 mg·g-1 and 1.36 mg·g-1 protein, respectively. Techno-functional analysis of EAPPE indicated a high foaming capacity (83.3%) and emulsion stability (88.8% after 60 min). Heat coagulation of EAPPE was greater at pH 7.0 (12.6%) compared with pH 5.0 (4.83%), corroborating the pH-solubility profile and relatively high surface hydrophobicity (1061.0). These findings demonstrate the potential of EAP and EAPPE as nutrient-rich and functional ingredients suitable as alternative food and feed material. The presence of heavy metals, however, should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita Rao Kavle
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | | | - Alan Carne
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Dominic Agyei
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - James David Morton
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand
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Silva ML, Rita K, Bernardo MA, Mesquita MFD, Pintão AM, Moncada M. Adansonia digitata L. (Baobab) Bioactive Compounds, Biological Activities, and the Potential Effect on Glycemia: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2170. [PMID: 37432337 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adansonia digitata L. fruit, also known as baobab, has been used traditionally throughout the world for its medicinal properties. Ethnopharmacological uses of various plant parts have been reported for hydration, antipyretic, antiparasitic, antitussive, and sudorific properties and also in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery in many African countries. Several studies have revealed that in addition to these applications, baobab has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. The health benefits of baobab have been attributed to its bioactive compounds, namely phenols, flavonoids, proanthocyanins, tannins, catechins, and carotenoids. Baobab fruit is also an important source of vitamin C and micronutrients, including zinc, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, and protein, which may reduce nutritional deficiencies. Despite scientific studies revealing that this fruit has a wide diversity of bioactive compounds with beneficial effects on health, there is a gap in the review of information about their mechanisms of action and critical analysis of clinical trials exploring, in particular, their effect on glycemia regulation. This work aims to present a current overview of the bioactive compounds, biological activities, and effects of A. digitata fruit on blood glucose, highlighting their potential mechanisms of action and effects on glycemia regulation, evaluated in recent animal and human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Leonor Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Keyla Rita
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Alexandra Bernardo
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Fernanda de Mesquita
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Pintão
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Margarida Moncada
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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Abegaz TM, Ahmed M, Sherbeny F, Diaby V, Chi H, Ali AA. Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Uncontrolled Diabetes Using the All of Us Research Program Data. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1138. [PMID: 37107973 PMCID: PMC10137945 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of predictive models for uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The present study applied different machine learning algorithms on multiple patient characteristics to predict uncontrolled diabetes. Patients with diabetes above the age of 18 from the All of Us Research Program were included. Random forest, extreme gradient boost, logistic regression, and weighted ensemble model algorithms were employed. Patients who had a record of uncontrolled diabetes based on the international classification of diseases code were identified as cases. A set of features including basic demographic, biomarkers and hematological indices were included in the model. The random forest model demonstrated high performance in predicting uncontrolled diabetes, yielding an accuracy of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.79-0.81) as compared to the extreme gradient boost 0.74 (95% CI: 0.73-0.75), the logistic regression 0.64 (95% CI: 0.63-0.65) and the weighted ensemble model 0.77 (95% CI: 0.76-0.79). The maximum area under the receiver characteristics curve value was 0.77 (random forest model), while the minimum value was 0.7 (logistic regression model). Potassium levels, body weight, aspartate aminotransferase, height, and heart rate were important predictors of uncontrolled diabetes. The random forest model demonstrated a high performance in predicting uncontrolled diabetes. Serum electrolytes and physical measurements were important features in predicting uncontrolled diabetes. Machine learning techniques may be used to predict uncontrolled diabetes by incorporating these clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadesse M. Abegaz
- Economic, Social and Administrative Pharmacy (ESAP), College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Heath, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Muktar Ahmed
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Fatimah Sherbeny
- Economic, Social and Administrative Pharmacy (ESAP), College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Heath, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Vakaramoko Diaby
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Hongmei Chi
- The Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Florid A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Askal Ayalew Ali
- Economic, Social and Administrative Pharmacy (ESAP), College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Heath, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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Abdi Bellau ML, Chiurato MA, Maietti A, Fantin G, Tedeschi P, Marchetti N, Tacchini M, Sacchetti G, Guerrini A. Nutrients and Main Secondary Metabolites Characterizing Extracts and Essential Oil from Fruits of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. (Western Sahara). Molecules 2022; 27:5013. [PMID: 35956960 PMCID: PMC9370740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ethnobotany of the Sahrawi people considers various species of plants and crude drugs as food, cooking spices and traditional health remedies. From among these, the fruits of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. (Apiaceae), known as Saharan cumin, were chosen for our research. The present paper reports a proximate composition and mineral element analysis of various samples of A. leucotrichus fruits, collected during the balsamic period (full fruiting) from plants grown in Bir Lehlu (Western Sahara) and purchased in a local market (Tindouf). These analyses pointed out interesting nutritional values of the crude drug. Decoction and alcoholic extract, analyzed by HPLC-DAD, evidenced ammolactone-A and R-perillaldehyde as the two main isolated constituents, particularly in the ethanolic extracts (ammolactone-A, market sample: 51.71 ± 0.39 mg/g dry extract; wild sample: 111.60 ± 1.80 mg/g dry extract; R-perillaldehyde, market sample: 145.95 ± 0.35 mg/g dry extract; wild sample: 221.40 ± 0.30 mg/g dry extract). The essential oils, obtained through hydrodistillation, were characterized by GC-MS and evidenced R-perillaldehyde (market sample: 53.21 ± 1.52%; wild sample: 74.01 ± 1.75%) and limonene (market sample: 35.15 ± 1.68%; wild sample: 19.90 ± 1.86%) as the most abundant compounds. The R configuration of perillaldehyde was ascertained and a complete description of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of ammolactone-A was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Andrea Chiurato
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Malborghetto di Boara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maietti
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Fantin
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Tedeschi
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Marchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Tacchini
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Malborghetto di Boara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianni Sacchetti
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Malborghetto di Boara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Guerrini
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Malborghetto di Boara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
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Yu Z, Tamez M, Colon R, Rodriguez J, Hicks-Roof KK, Ford N, Mattei J, Sotres-Alvarez D, Van Horn L, Allison M, Talavera GA, Castañeda SF, Daviglus ML. Association of fruit and vegetable color with incident diabetes and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in the United States Hispanic/Latino population. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:18. [PMID: 35411032 PMCID: PMC9001729 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Color groups of fruits and vegetables (FV) are part of a healthy diet, but evidence for an association with cardiometabolic outcomes is inconsistent. Objective To examine the association between intake of FV of different colors with incident diabetes and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos. Subjects/methods We used data from 9206 adults ages 18–74 years who were free of diabetes at baseline (2008–2011) and had follow-up data at visit 2 (2014–2017) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a multicenter, prospective cohort study of self-identified Hispanics/Latinos. Dietary intake was assessed using two 24 h recalls at baseline. FV were categorized into five color groups: green, white, yellow/orange, red/purple, and uncategorized. Diabetes was defined based on laboratory measures and self-reported antihyperglycemic medication. We used survey logistic regression models to evaluate the association between FV color groups and incident diabetes and survey linear regression models to evaluate the association of FV color groups with cardiometabolic risk biomarkers at visit 2. Results During ~6 years of follow-up, 970 incident cases of diabetes were documented. The red/purple FV color group was the least consumed (0.21 servings/day), whereas white FV were the most consumed (0.92 servings/day). For each serving of total FV intake, body mass index (BMI) was lower by 0.24% (p = 0.03) and insulin by 0.69% (p = 0.03). For each serving of red/purple FV intake, HDL was 1.59% higher (p = 0.04). For each serving of white FV intake (with potato), post-OGTT was 0.83% lower (p = 0.04) and triglycerides 1.43% lower (p = 0.04). There was no association between FV intake and incident diabetes. Conclusions Specific FV colors were associated with cardiometabolic benefits though the associations were of relatively small magnitudes. Dietary recommendations could consider varying colors of FV intake, especially white and red/purple color groups, for a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| | - Martha Tamez
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond Colon
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Judith Rodriguez
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kristen K Hicks-Roof
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Nikki Ford
- Hass Avocado Board, Avocado Nutrition Center, Mission Viejo, CA, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sheila F Castañeda
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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10
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Pang X, Cai C, Dong H, Lan X, Zhang Y, Bai D, Hao L, Sun H, Li F, Zeng G. Soy foods and nuts consumption during early pregnancy are associated with decreased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:9122-9130. [PMID: 35345969 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.2017872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study the relationship of soy foods and nuts consumption during early pregnancy with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS This was a prospective observational study conducted in Southwest China. Dietary information was assessed through 3-day 24-h dietary recalls at 6-14 gestational weeks. For soy foods and nuts, non-consumers were used as the reference category and the consumers were categorized into tertiles. GDM was assessed with the 75-g, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 gestational weeks. Log-binomial models were used to assess the effects of soy foods and nuts on GDM. RESULTS Of the 1495 pregnant women, 529 were diagnosed with GDM. Median (IQRs) intakes of soy foods and nuts were 2.9 (0.0, 10.3) and 5.0 (0.0, 15.0) g/d, respectively. Our study found that, compared with the non-consumers, the highest tertile of soy foods intake was associated with a decrease in risk of GDM (RR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.54-0.99, p = .049). Similarly, compared with the non-consumers, a negative relationship between the highest tertile of nuts intake and GDM risk was identified (RR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.48-0.89, p = .007). CONCLUSIONS Consumption of soy foods and nuts are independently inversely associated with the risk of GDM during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Pang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Congjie Cai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongli Dong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Bai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lixin Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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11
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Chen YY, Chen YJ. Association between Dietary Calcium and Potassium and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051086. [PMID: 35268061 PMCID: PMC8912727 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Micronutrients are considered to have an important role in metabolic process. The relationships between micronutrients and diabetic complication, such as retinopathy, are rarely discussed. The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between dietary micronutrients and diabetic retinopathy in an adult population. Methods: 5321 participants from National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008 were included in this cross-sectional study. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed by the severity scale of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) using nonmydriatic fundus photography. Micronutrients were assessed by 24-h dietary recall. The relationship between dietary micronutrients and the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy was analyzed by a logistic regression model. Results: Dietary calcium and potassium were inversely associated with diabetic retinopathy (OR: 0.729, 95%CI: 0.562–0.945; OR: 0.875, 95%CI: 0.787–0.973). Higher quartile of dietary calcium and potassium was associated with lower occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (OR: 0.664, 95%CI: 0.472–0.933; OR: 0.700, 95%CI: 0.495–0.989). Furthermore, increased amounts of dietary calcium and potassium were significantly associated with reduced occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (OR: 0.701, 95%CI: 0.546–0.900; OR: 0.761, 95%CI: 0.596–0.972). Conclusions: Higher levels of dietary calcium and potassium are suggested to reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy with dose–response effect. The evaluation of dietary micronutrients might be a part of treatment for patients with diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuei Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch and School of Medicine, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-87923311 (ext. 16567); Fax: +886-2-87927057
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12
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Kavle RR, Carne A, Bekhit AEA, Kebede B, Agyei D. Macronutrients and mineral composition of wild harvested
Prionoplus reticularis
edible insect at various development stages: nutritional and mineral safety implications. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita Rao Kavle
- Department of Food Science University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Alan Carne
- Department of Biochemistry University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | | | - Biniam Kebede
- Department of Food Science University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Dominic Agyei
- Department of Food Science University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
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13
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Palacios C, Pérez CM, González-Sepúlveda L, Corsino L, Albrecht SS, Siega-Riz AM, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Casagrande S, Sotres-Alvarez D, Avilés-Santa ML. Vitamin D, Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium Consumption and Markers of Glucose Metabolism in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2022; 41:20-29. [PMID: 33252321 PMCID: PMC8667446 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1833790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This was a cross-sectional study associating vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and potassium intakes with markers of glucose metabolism in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). METHODS HCHS/SOL is a multicenter, prospective, population-based cohort study on Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 years in the US. For this analysis, we included 10,609 participants who were free of diabetes. Analysis of covariance was used to assess associations of a range of micronutrient intake on the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and 2-hour post-oral glucose tolerance test (2h-plasma glucose) separately for normoglycemic and with pre-diabetes, after controlling for important confounders. All analyses accounted for the complex sample design and sampling weights. RESULTS HOMA-IR levels were significantly lower among adults with intakes in the highest quartile for vitamin D, magnesium, and potassium compared to the respective lowest quartiles, for those with normoglycemia and pre-diabetes, even after adjusting for confounders, such as diet quality (p < 0.05). For those with pre-diabetes, HOMA-IR levels were also significantly lower for those in the highest quartile of calcium intake. However, 2h-plasma glucose was significantly higher in those with intakes higher than quartile 1 for vitamin D and calcium among those with normoglycemia and significantly higher in quartile 3 of potassium intake for those with pre-diabetes, p < 0.05. No significant associations were found for HbA1c in either group. CONCLUSIONS Higher consumption of vitamin D, magnesium, and potassium are associated with optimal levels of HOMA-IR among participants with normoglycemia and pre-diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Palacios
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University
| | - Cynthia M. Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico
| | - Lorena González-Sepúlveda
- Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico
| | - Leonor Corsino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Sandra S. Albrecht
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Anna Maria Siega-Riz
- School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst
| | - Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu
- Public Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Public Health (SPHSPH), Loyola University Chicago
| | | | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - M. Larissa Avilés-Santa
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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14
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Wang Q. The role of dietary potassium and sodium in hypertension and cardiovascular damage and protection: A narrative review. HEART AND MIND 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_23_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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Smita RM, Shuvo APR, Raihan S, Jahan R, Simin FA, Rahman A, Biswas S, Salem L, Sagor MAT. The Role of Mineral Deficiencies in Insulin Resistance and Obesity. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e171121197987. [PMID: 34789132 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666211117104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Minerals are critical for maintaining overall health. These tiny chemical compounds are responsible for enzymatic activation, maintaining healthy teeth and bones, regulating energy metabolism, enhancing immunity, and aiding muscle and brain function. However, mineral deficiency in the form of inadequate or under nourished intake affects millions of people throughout the world, with well-documented adverse health consequences of malnutrition. Conversely, mineral deficiency may also be a risk factor for Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity. This review focuses on another, more "less discussed" form of malnutrition, namely mineral deficiency and its contribution to metabolic disorders. At the cellular level, minerals maintain not only molecular communication but also trigger several key biochemical pathways. Disturbances in these processes due to mineral insufficiency may gradually lead to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and central obesity, which might lead to renal failure, cardiac arrest, hepatic carcinoma, and various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we discuss the burden of disease promoted by mineral deficiencies and the medical, social, and economic consequences. Mineral deficiency-mediated IR and obesity have a considerable negative impact on individual well-being, physical consideration, and economic productivity. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms of mineral deficiency that may lead to IR and obesity and suggest strategies to counter these metabolic disorders. To protect mankind from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to take a variety of foods in reasonable quantities, such as organic and pasture-raised eggs, low fat dairy, and grass-fed and finished meats, insecticide, and pesticide-free vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabbir Raihan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Faria Anjum Simin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Soumick Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Liyad Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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16
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Distribution and Associated Factors of Hepatic Iron-A Population-Based Imaging Study. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120871. [PMID: 34940629 PMCID: PMC8705957 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic iron overload can cause severe organ damage; therefore, an early diagnosis and the identification of potential risk factors is crucial. We aimed to investigate the sex-specific distribution of hepatic iron content (HIC) in a population-based cohort and identify relevant associated factors from a panel of markers. We analyzed N = 353 participants from a cross-sectional sample (KORA FF4) who underwent whole-body magnetic resonance imaging. HIC was assessed by single-voxel spectroscopy with a high-speed T2-corrected multi-echo technique. A large panel of markers, including anthropometric, genetic, and laboratory values, as well as behavioral risk factors were assessed. Relevant factors associated with HIC were identified by variable selection based on LASSO regression with bootstrap resampling. HIC in the study sample (mean age at examination: 56.0 years, 58.4% men) was significantly lower in women (mean ± SD: 39.2 ± 4.1 s-1) than in men (41.8 ± 4.7 s-1, p < 0.001). Relevant factors associated with HIC were HbA1c as well as prediabetes for men and visceral adipose tissue as well as age for women. Hepatic fat, alcohol consumption, and genetic risk score for iron levels were associated with HIC in both sexes. In conclusion, there are sex-specific associations of HIC with markers of body composition, glucose metabolism, and alcohol consumption.
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17
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Panuccio V, Leonardis D, Tripepi R, Versace MC, Torino C, Tripepi G, D'Arrigo G, Mallamaci F, Zoccali C. Epidemiology of hyperkalemia in CKD patients under nephrological care: a longitudinal study. Intern Emerg Med 2021; 16:1803-1811. [PMID: 33575905 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-021-02653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyperkalemia is a potential life-threatening condition among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Available estimates of the burden of this alteration in CKD are mainly derived from large administrative databases. Since K measurements in patients in these databases are often dictated by clinical reasons, longitudinal studies including pre-planned measurements of potassium independently of clinical complication/symptoms may produce more reliable estimates of the frequency and the risk factors underlying hyperkalemia in CKD patients. We estimated the prevalence and the incidence of hyperkalemia in a longitudinal study in 752 stages 2-5 CKD patients lasting 3 years and including up to seven pre-planned assessment of key biochemical measurements including K. At baseline, 203 out of 752 patients (27%) had serum K > 5.0 mM/L and 33% had acidosis (HCO3 ≤ 22 mmol/L). Among those without hyperkalemia at baseline (n = 549), 284 patients developed this alteration across the 3-year follow-up. The point prevalence of hyperkalemia rose from 27% (baseline) to 30% (last visit) (P = 0.001). In a multivariate model, hyperkalemia at baseline [odds ratio (OR):7.29, 95% CI 5.65-9.41, P < 0.001], venous bicarbonate levels [OR (1 mmol/l): 0.92, 0.89-0.96, P < 0.001], eGFR [OR (1 ml/min/1.73m2): 0.98, 0.97-0.99, P < 0.001], use of ACE inhibitors (OR: 1.68, 1.28-2.19, P < 0.001) and angiotensin II antagonists (OR: 1.30, 1.01-1.68, P = 0.045) were related to hyperkalemia over time. Of note, venous bicarbonate levels emerged as an independent risk factor of hyperkalemia over time also in a separate analysis of patients with and without hyperkalemia at baseline. In a cohort of CKD patients including pre-planned measurements of K, 27% of patients had hyperkalemia. Metabolic acidosis and the use of drugs interfering with renin-angiotensin system were the strongest modifiable risk factors for this potentially life-threatening alteration in CKD in longitudinal analyses in the whole study cohort and in patients developing de novo hyperkalemia over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Panuccio
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano BMM di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Daniela Leonardis
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Rocco Tripepi
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Versace
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Claudia Torino
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tripepi
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Graziella D'Arrigo
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Francesca Mallamaci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano BMM di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, CNR-IFC of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
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18
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de Souza ID, Melo ESP, Nascimento VA, Pereira HS, Silva KRN, Espindola PR, Tschinkel PFS, Ramos EM, Reis FJM, Ramos IB, Paula FG, Oliveira KRW, Lima CD, Nunes ÂA, do Nascimento VA. Potential Health Risks of Macro- and Microelements in Commercial Medicinal Plants Used to Treatment of Diabetes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6678931. [PMID: 33869633 PMCID: PMC8032537 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6678931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Information on the content of medicinal plants used in the treatment of diabetes is scarce in the literature. The objectives of this study were to determine the levels of macroelements and microelements in three different medicinal plant species including the dry samples and teas from Bauhinia forficata, Eleusine Indica, and Orthosiphon stamineus and assess the human health risks of ingestion of the tea. The content of the dry samples and teas was obtained using the technique of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) after microwave digestion procedure. The hazard quotient (HQ) method was used to access the human health risks posed by heavy metal through tea consumption. The results revealed the presence of K, Mg, Na, P, Al, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Se in dry samples and plant teas. The dry plants have high concentration of K and P. All dry plants contain Mg, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Cu above the limit permissible level set by the World Health Organization (WHO). All the hazard index (HI) values in plant teas were found to be within safe limits for human consumption (HI < 1). The plants may have possible action benefits when used in popular medicine. However, the ingestion through capsules prepared by enclosing a plant powder or teas can be harmful to the health of diabetics. The prescription of this plant for the treatment of diabetes should be treated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor D de Souza
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Elaine S P Melo
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Valdir Aragão Nascimento
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo S Pereira
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Kassia R N Silva
- Institute of Chemistry of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Espindola
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Paula F S Tschinkel
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Eliza M Ramos
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco J M Reis
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Iara B Ramos
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G Paula
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Karla R W Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cleberson D Lima
- Centro de Ortopedia e Traumatologia e Medicina do Esporte, Campo Grande, MS, 79021-250, Brazil
| | - Ângela A Nunes
- Postdoctoral Student in Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied to Biodiversity and Health, School of Medicine, Postgraduation Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil
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Shvabskaia OB, Karamnova NS, Izmailova OV. Healthy Diet: New Rations for Individual Use. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2020-12-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is one of the most significant factors influencing the state of health, the development of diseases and the generally the human longevity. The nature of nutrition, which has a protective effect, is the basis of the healthy diet. Among healthy nutritious rations, there are those that have developed naturally, formed from the cultural food heritage and later were made in scientific nutritional recommendations. These are such diets as the Mediterranean type of food, the Scandinavian diet, the Tibetan style of food, etc. At the same time, there are diets specially developed by specialists for specific purposes. All of them correspond to the basic principles of the healthy diet: balance, usefulness and energy balance. This article offers an overview of the use of individual diets that have been developed by nutritionists, such as the intermittent fasting diet, the Paleo diet, and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. The article discusses the differences and advantages of these dietary approaches, presents the results of effectiveness, considers the limitations and features of their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. B. Shvabskaia
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - N. S. Karamnova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - O. V. Izmailova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
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20
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Jafari F, Movagharnejad K, Sadeghi E. Infrared drying effects on the quality of eggplant slices and process optimization using response surface methodology. Food Chem 2020; 333:127423. [PMID: 32659660 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of thickness of samples, air velocity and infrared power on the drying kinetics and quality attributes of blanched eggplant slices during infrared drying. The drying experiments were made by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Box-Behnken design (BBD). Experiments were conducted at a thickness of 3, 5, and 7 mm, air velocity of 0.5, 1.25, and 2 m/s, as well as at infrared power 1000, 1500, and 2000 W. The drying time was affected by operating parameters. The drying processes increased total phenolic content and potassium content, significantly. The total color difference (ΔE) was in the range of 10.22-25.14. In the end, this process was optimized for reaching the best experimental condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Jafari
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Movagharnejad
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Sadeghi
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Shomal University, Mazandaran, Amol, Iran.
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21
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Gorjanović S, Micić D, Pastor F, Tosti T, Kalušević A, Ristić S, Zlatanović S. Evaluation of Apple Pomace Flour Obtained Industrially by Dehydration as a Source of Biomolecules with Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Antiobesity Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050413. [PMID: 32408574 PMCID: PMC7278621 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple pomace flour (APF) obtained at industrial scale level by the application of innovative technological process (dehydration (5 h, T ≤ 55 °C), grinding (300 µm)) was evaluated as a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidative, antiobesity and antidiabetic effects. Proximate composition, individual (HPLC–DAD–MS/MS) and total phenols (TPC) as well as flavonoids content (TFC), antioxidant (AO) activity (DPPH, ABTS, HPMC), water and oil holding capacity (WHC and OHC) of APFs obtained from apple pomace from mixed and individual apple cultivars grown conventionally and organically were compared. The effect of APF supplementation on the glycaemic status and glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)) of C57BL/6J mice exposed to high-fat and sucrose diet was examined. High K content (4.2–6.4 g/kg), dietary fibres (35–45 g/100 g), TPC (4.6–8.1 mg GAE/g), TFC (18.6–34.6 mg QE/g), high water and oil holding capacity (4.7–6.4 and 1.3–1.6 g/g) were observed in the APFs. Content of major phenols (phlorizin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin), TPC and TFC correlated highly with prominent AO activity. APF supplementation lowered the increase of body weight gain and blood glucose, and improved glucose tolerance significantly. Health-promoting biomolecules, AO activity, functional properties and prevention of diet-driven glucose metabolism disorders pave the way to APF exploitation in human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Gorjanović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 45, 11158 Belgrade 118, Serbia;
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (S.Z.); Tel.: +381-612439803 (S.G.); +381-641119641 (S.Z.)
| | - Darko Micić
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 45, 11158 Belgrade 118, Serbia;
| | - Ferenc Pastor
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (F.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (F.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Ana Kalušević
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kaćanskog 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Slavica Ristić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Snežana Zlatanović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 45, 11158 Belgrade 118, Serbia;
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (S.Z.); Tel.: +381-612439803 (S.G.); +381-641119641 (S.Z.)
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22
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Averin EE, Nikitin AE, Pozdnyak AO, Fedorova EL, Zhuk VS, Davydov SI, Fridman IL, Kompaniets OG, Kirpichnikova NV, Dudarenkova MR, Ginzburg ML, El Sharif MA, Martemyanova EG, Sozykin AV. [Expert Council Resolution. Practical Aspects of the Diagnosis and Correction of Potassium and Magnesium Deficiency States]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 60:155-164. [PMID: 32345211 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2020.2.n972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The article analyzes properties of potassium and magnesium, which may exert vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-ischemic, antiaggregant, and antiarrhythmic effects. These are extremely important microelements and potentially beneficial therapeutic agents for treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Averin
- Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
| | - A E Nikitin
- Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
| | - A O Pozdnyak
- Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
| | | | - V S Zhuk
- N.I. Pirogov Multidisciplinary Clinic, St. Petersburg
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A V Sozykin
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
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23
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Tang J, Wan Y, Zhao M, Zhong H, Zheng JS, Feng F. Legume and soy intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:677-688. [PMID: 31915830 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous findings on the associations of legume and soy intake with the risk of type 2 diabetes are conflicting. OBJECTIVE We aimed to summarize the longitudinal associations between legume and soy intake and risk of type 2 diabetes. METHODS We searched for relevant prospective cohort studies in PubMed, EMBASE, and Ovid up to August 2019. Study-specific, multivariable-adjusted RRs and 95% CIs were pooled by random-effects models. RESULTS We identified 15 unique cohorts including 565,810 individuals and 32,093 incident cases. The summary RRs (95% CIs) of incident type 2 diabetes were 0.95 (0.79, 1.14; NS) for total legumes, 0.83 (0.68, 1.01; NS) for total soy, 0.89 (0.71, 1.11; NS) for soy milk, 0.92 (0.84, 0.99) for tofu, 0.84 (0.75, 0.95) for soy protein, and 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) for soy isoflavones, respectively. High heterogeneity was found for total legumes (I2 = 84.8%), total soy (I2 = 90.8%), and soy milk (I2 = 91.7%). Potential sources of heterogeneity were not evident for total legumes or soy milk, whereas for total soy, geographic location (Asia, United States; P = 0.04) and study quality (high, moderate, or low; P = 0.02) significantly predicted heterogeneity. In dose-response analysis, significant linear inverse associations were observed for tofu, soy protein, and soy isoflavones (all P < 0.05). Overall quality of evidence was rated as moderate for total legumes and low for total soy and soy subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Dietary intakes of tofu, soy protein, and soy isoflavones, but not total legumes or total soy, are inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes. Our findings support recommendations to increase intakes of certain soy products for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. However, the overall quality of evidence was low and more high-quality evidence from prospective studies is needed. This trial was registered as PROSPERO CRD42019126403 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Woyesa SB, Gebisa WC, Anshebo DL. Assessment of Selected Serum Electrolyte and Associated Risk Factors in Diabetic Patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2811-2817. [PMID: 32021344 PMCID: PMC6978677 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s233053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to assess selected serum electrolytes imbalance and associated factors in diabetic patients attending their follow up appointments in Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) from February 1 to April 1, 2019. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross sectional study design was used to assess the selected serum electrolytes in diabetic patients attending their follow up appointments at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) chronic illness clinic. A convenience sampling technique was used to include 279 diabetic patients in the study and an interviewer based questionnaire was used to include all necessary data from each diabetic patient. Five milliliters of blood were collected from each subject and processed and analyzed for blood glucose and serum electrolyte determination by ABX Pentra400 and Humalyte plus5 ion-selective electrode (ISE) system clinical chemistry analyzers. Pearson's correlation coefficient model and multivariate logistic regression were used respectively to assess the correlation and significant association between abnormal serum electrolytes and independent variables. RESULTS A high prevalence of one or more serum electrolyte abnormalities was determined in diabetic patients. The overall prevalence was 42.0% (n=116/276) in which hyponatremia was the highest followed by hypochloremia and hypercalcemia, 40.6%, 14.9% and 10.9% respectively. Age, type of medication, and high body mass index (BMI) had strong positive correlations with abnormal serum concentration levels of sodium (r=0.611, P=0.731), potassium (r=0.752, P=0.812) and chloride (r=0.645, P=0.459). Being employed (AOR: 3.933, 95% C.I: 1.057-14.637, P value: 0.041), treated with mixed medications (AOR: 2.9, 95% C.I: 1.292-6.441, P value: 0.010) and being unable to control blood glucose level or being hyperglycemic (AOR: 3.2, 95% C.I: 2.179-5.721, P value: 0.000) were statistically identified as risk factors for serum electrolyte abnormalities in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION The serum electrolyte concentration level was highly abnormal in diabetic patients. The prevalence of abnormal concentration was more common in diabetic patients with advanced age, and some variables had strong positive correlation with abnormal serum electrolyte level in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiferaw Bekele Woyesa
- Jimma University, Institute of Health Science, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Waqtola Cheneke Gebisa
- Jimma University, Institute of Health Science, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Delebo Lefebo Anshebo
- Jimma University, Institute of Health Science, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jimma, Ethiopia
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25
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Pitsch J, Weghuber J. Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Charged Aerosol Detection for Simultaneous Quantitation of Carbohydrates, Polyols and Ions in Food and Beverages. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234333. [PMID: 31783530 PMCID: PMC6930467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report an accurate and versatile method for the simultaneous determination of 17 sugars (arabinose, erythrose, fructose, galactose, glucose, isomaltulose, lactose, lyxose, maltose, maltotriose, mannose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, sucrose, sorbose and xylose), seven polyols (erythritol, inositol, lactitol, maltitol, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol), five ions (K+, Br−, Cl−, NO3− and SO42−) and the pseudosaccharide acarbose. For compound separation, hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) coupled to a corona charged aerosol detector (CAD) was used. The method was validated for linearity, precision, reproducibility, retention factor and optimal injection volume. Standards were measured in the range of 1–1000 mg L−1 and showed good intraday and interday repeatability, as well as precision (relative standard deviation (RSD) < 5%). The LODs and LOQs for the 30 analytes were in the range of 0.032–2.675 mg L−1 and 0.107–8.918 mg L−1, respectively. This method exhibited correlation coefficients of at least R2 > 0.97 for all analytes. The method was tested in 24 food and beverage samples to validate the separation efficiency and sensitivity in natural food matrices and to show the practicability of its use for routine food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Pitsch
- FFoQSI-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office, FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria;
- Center of Excellence—Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- FFoQSI-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office, FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria;
- Center of Excellence—Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-50804-44403
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26
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Legume intake and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Indian J Gastroenterol 2019; 38:55-60. [PMID: 30796701 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-019-00937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that diet plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the knowledge on the role of different food groups such as legumes is not enough. METHODS We designed this study to assess the relationship between legume intake and risk of NAFLD in framework of a case-control study among Tehrani adults. One hundred and ninety-six newly diagnosed patients with NAFLD and 803 controls were studied, and their dietary intake was assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) of NAFLD per increase of one serving/week dietary legumes, lentil, and beans adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS In energy-adjusted model, greater intake of legumes, lentils, and beans was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD. These risk associations remained significant after adjusting for all known risk factors of NAFLD. OR of NAFLD in adjusted models for higher dietary intake of legumes, lentils, and beans were 0.73 (0.64-0.84), 0.61 (0.46-0.78), and 0.35 (0.17-0.74), respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that higher intake of total legumes (beans, lentils, and peas) was associated with lower risk of NAFLD.
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27
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Shen Y, Wu SY, Rancic V, Aggarwal A, Qian Y, Miyashita SI, Ballanyi K, Campbell RE, Dong M. Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for imaging intracellular potassium ion concentration. Commun Biol 2019; 2:18. [PMID: 30652129 PMCID: PMC6331434 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium ion (K+) homeostasis and dynamics play critical roles in biological activities. Here we describe three genetically encoded K+ indicators. KIRIN1 (potassium (K) ion ratiometric indicator) and KIRIN1-GR are Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based indicators with a bacterial K+ binding protein (Kbp) inserting between the fluorescent protein FRET pairs mCerulean3/cp173Venus and Clover/mRuby2, respectively. GINKO1 (green indicator of K+ for optical imaging) is a single fluorescent protein-based K+ indicator constructed by insertion of Kbp into enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). These indicators are suitable for detecting K+ at physiologically relevant concentrations in vitro and in cells. KIRIN1 enabled imaging of cytosolic K+ depletion in live cells and K+ efflux and reuptake in cultured neurons. GINKO1, in conjunction with red fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, enable dual-color imaging of K+ and Ca2+ dynamics in neurons and glial cells. These results demonstrate that KIRIN1 and GINKO1 are useful tools for imaging intracellular K+ dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Sheng-Yi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7 Canada
| | - Abhi Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Yong Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Shin-Ichiro Miyashita
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7 Canada
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Min Dong
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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28
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McKeating DR, Fisher JJ, Perkins AV. Elemental Metabolomics and Pregnancy Outcomes. Nutrients 2019; 11:E73. [PMID: 30609706 PMCID: PMC6356574 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements are important for human health and development. The body requires specific micronutrients to function, with aberrant changes associated with a variety of negative health outcomes. Despite this evidence, the status and function of micronutrients during pregnancy are relatively unknown and more information is required to ensure that women receive optimal intakes for foetal development. Changes in trace element status have been associated with pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pre-eclampsia (PE), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and preterm birth. Measuring micronutrients with methodologies such as elemental metabolomics, which involves the simultaneous quantification and characterisation of multiple elements, could provide insight into gestational disorders. Identifying unique and subtle micronutrient changes may highlight associated proteins that are affected underpinning the pathophysiology of these complications, leading to new means of disease diagnosis. This review will provide a comprehensive summary of micronutrient status during pregnancy, and their associations with gestational disorders. Furthermore, it will also comment on the potential use of elemental metabolomics as a technique for disease characterisation and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R McKeating
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport 9726, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Joshua J Fisher
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport 9726, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Anthony V Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport 9726, Queensland, Australia.
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29
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Peng Y, Zhong GC, Mi Q, Li K, Wang A, Li L, Liu H, Yang G. Potassium measurements and risk of type 2 diabetes: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100603-100613. [PMID: 29246005 PMCID: PMC5725047 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To clarify the relationship between serum, dietary, and urinary potassium and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods We searched PubMed and EMBASE through January 6, 2017 for studies reporting risk estimates on the association of potassium measurements and the risk of T2DM. The summary risk estimates were obtained through a random-effects model. Dose-response analysis was conducted. Results Eight studies involving 5,053 cases and 119,993 individuals were included. A trend toward significance was found in the highest versus lowest meta-analysis on serum potassium and T2DM risk (RR = 0.79; 95% CI 0.60-1.04); moreover, the RR per 1 mmol/L increase in serum potassium was 0.83 (95% CI 0.73-0.95). A non-significant association of dietary potassium and T2DM risk was detected (RR for the highest versus lowest category: 0.93; 95% CI 0.81-1.06; RR for every 1000mg increase per day: 1.00, 95% CI 0.96-1.05). A similar non-significant association was found for urinary potassium and T2DM risk (RR for the highest versus lowest category: 0.83; 95% CI 0.39-1.75; RR per 10 mmol increase: 1.00; 95% CI 0.95-1.05). Evidence of a linear association between serum, dietary, and urinary potassium and the risk of T2DM was found (all Pnon-linearity > 0.05). Conclusions Low serum potassium increases the risk of T2DM in a linear dose-response manner; nevertheless, neither dietary potassium nor urinary potassium shows any association with the risk of T2DM. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to limited studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Chao Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Mi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Kejia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chongqing, China
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30
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Guo D, Liu H, Ruzi A, Gao G, Nasir A, Liu Y, Yang F, Wu F, Xu G, Li YX. Modeling Congenital Hyperinsulinism with ABCC8-Deficient Human Embryonic Stem Cells Generated by CRISPR/Cas9. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3156. [PMID: 28600547 PMCID: PMC5466656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03349-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by excess insulin secretion, which results in hypoglycemia. Mutation of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1), encoded by the ABCC8 gene, is the main cause of CHI. Here, we captured the phenotype of excess insulin secretion through pancreatic differentiation of ABCC8-deficient stem cells generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. ABCC8-deficient insulin-producing cells secreted higher insulin than their wild-type counterparts, and the excess insulin secretion was rescued by nifedipine, octreotide and nicorandil. Further, we tested the role of SUR1 in response to different potassium levels and found that dysfunction of SUR1 decreased the insulin secretion rate in low and high potassium environments. Hence, pancreatic differentiation of ABCC8-deficient cells recapitulated the CHI disease phenotype in vitro, which represents an attractive model to further elucidate the function of SUR1 and to develop and screen for novel therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Guo
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haikun Liu
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aynisahan Ruzi
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Abbas Nasir
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feima Wu
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Xu
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin-Xiong Li
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Unuofin JO, Otunola GA, Afolayan AJ. Essential Oil Composition, Nutrient and Anti-nutrient Analysis of Vernonia mespilifolia Less. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/rjb.2017.38.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Du H, Li L, Bennett D, Guo Y, Turnbull I, Yang L, Bragg F, Bian Z, Chen Y, Chen J, Millwood IY, Sansome S, Ma L, Huang Y, Zhang N, Zheng X, Sun Q, Key TJ, Collins R, Peto R, Chen Z. Fresh fruit consumption in relation to incident diabetes and diabetic vascular complications: A 7-y prospective study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. PLoS Med 2017; 14:e1002279. [PMID: 28399126 PMCID: PMC5388466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the well-recognised health benefits of fresh fruit consumption, substantial uncertainties remain about its potential effects on incident diabetes and, among those with diabetes, on risks of death and major vascular complications. METHODS AND FINDINGS Between June 2004 and July 2008, the nationwide China Kadoorie Biobank study recruited 0.5 million adults aged 30-79 (mean 51) y from ten diverse localities across China. During ~7 y of follow-up, 9,504 new diabetes cases were recorded among 482,591 participants without prevalent (previously diagnosed or screen-detected) diabetes at baseline, with an overall incidence rate of 2.8 per 1,000 person-years. Among 30,300 (5.9%) participants who had diabetes at baseline, 3,389 deaths occurred (overall mortality rate 16.5 per 1,000), along with 9,746 cases of macrovascular disease and 1,345 cases of microvascular disease. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) associating each disease outcome with self-reported fresh fruit consumption, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, region, socio-economic status, other lifestyle factors, body mass index, and family history of diabetes. Overall, 18.8% of participants reported consuming fresh fruit daily, and 6.4% never/rarely (non-consumers), with the proportion of non-consumers about three times higher in individuals with previously diagnosed diabetes (18.9%) than in those with screen-detected diabetes (6.7%) or no diabetes (6.0%). Among those without diabetes at baseline, higher fruit consumption was associated with significantly lower risk of developing diabetes (adjusted HR = 0.88 [95% CI 0.83-0.93] for daily versus non-consumers, p < 0.001, corresponding to a 0.2% difference in 5-y absolute risk), with a clear dose-response relationship. Among those with baseline diabetes, higher fruit consumption was associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 0.83 [95% CI 0.74-0.93] per 100 g/d) and microvascular (0.72 [0.61-0.87]) and macrovascular (0.87 [0.82-0.93]) complications (p < 0.001), with similar HRs in individuals with previously diagnosed and screen-detected diabetes; estimated differences in 5-y absolute risk between daily and non-consumers were 1.9%, 1.1%, and 5.4%, respectively. The main limitation of this study was that, owing to its observational nature, we could not fully exclude the effects of residual confounding. CONCLUSION In this large epidemiological study in Chinese adults, higher fresh fruit consumption was associated with significantly lower risk of diabetes and, among diabetic individuals, lower risks of death and development of major vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaidong Du
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Derrick Bennett
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Iain Turnbull
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Iona Y. Millwood
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Sansome
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liangcai Ma
- Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control Department, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control Department, Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Ningmei Zhang
- Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control Department, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyang Zheng
- Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control Department, Meilan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Pengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Pengzhou, China
| | - Timothy J. Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rory Collins
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Peto
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Becerra-Tomás N, Díaz-López A, Rosique-Esteban N, Ros E, Buil-Cosiales P, Corella D, Estruch R, Fitó M, Serra-Majem L, Arós F, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Fiol M, Santos-Lozano JM, Díez-Espino J, Portoles O, Salas-Salvadó J. Legume consumption is inversely associated with type 2 diabetes incidence in adults: A prospective assessment from the PREDIMED study. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:906-913. [PMID: 28392166 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Legumes, a low-energy, nutrient-dense and low glycemic index food, have shown beneficial effects on glycemic control and adiposity. As such, legumes are widely recommended in diabetic diets, even though there is little evidence that their consumption protects against type 2 diabetes. Therefore the aim of the present study was to examine the associations between consumption of total legumes and specific subtypes, and type 2 diabetes risk. We also investigated the effect of theoretically substituting legumes for other protein- or carbohydrate-rich foods. METHODS Prospective assessment of 3349 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study without type 2 diabetes at baseline. Dietary information was assessed at baseline and yearly during follow-up. We used Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for type-2 diabetes incidence according to quartiles of cumulative average consumption of total legumes, lentils, chickpeas, dry beans and fresh peas. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 266 new cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. Individuals in the highest quartile of total legume and lentil consumption had a lower risk of diabetes than those in the lowest quartile (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.96; P-trend = 0.04; and HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.46-0.98; P-trend = 0.05, respectively). A borderline significant association was also observed for chickpeas consumption (HR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.46, 1.00; P-trend = 0.06). Substitutions of half a serving/day of legumes for similar servings of eggs, bread, rice or baked potato was associated with lower risk of diabetes incidence. CONCLUSIONS A frequent consumption of legumes, particularly lentils, in the context of a Mediterranean diet, may provide benefits on type 2 diabetes prevention in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered at http://www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN35739639). Registration date: 5th October 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Díaz-López
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Rosique-Esteban
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Atención Primaria, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, 31010 Navarra, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Lamuela-Raventós
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, INSA-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands and Son Espases Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Family Medicine, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Centro de Salud San Pablo, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Díez-Espino
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Atención Primaria, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, 31010 Navarra, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Spain
| | - Olga Portoles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Stone MS, Martyn L, Weaver CM. Potassium Intake, Bioavailability, Hypertension, and Glucose Control. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070444. [PMID: 27455317 PMCID: PMC4963920 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium is an essential nutrient. It is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid where it plays a key role in maintaining cell function. The gradient of potassium across the cell membrane determines cellular membrane potential, which is maintained in large part by the ubiquitous ion channel the sodium-potassium (Na+-K+) ATPase pump. Approximately 90% of potassium consumed (60–100 mEq) is lost in the urine, with the other 10% excreted in the stool, and a very small amount lost in sweat. Little is known about the bioavailability of potassium, especially from dietary sources. Less is understood on how bioavailability may affect health outcomes. Hypertension (HTN) is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a major financial burden ($50.6 billion) to the US public health system, and has a significant impact on all-cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. The relationship between increased potassium supplementation and a decrease in HTN is relatively well understood, but the effect of increased potassium intake from dietary sources on blood pressure overall is less clear. In addition, treatment options for hypertensive individuals (e.g., thiazide diuretics) may further compound chronic disease risk via impairments in potassium utilization and glucose control. Understanding potassium bioavailability from various sources may help to reveal how specific compounds and tissues influence potassium movement, and further the understanding of its role in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Stone
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Lisa Martyn
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
- Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Connie M Weaver
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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35
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The role of dietary potassium in hypertension and diabetes. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 72:93-106. [PMID: 26634368 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Potassium is an essential mineral which plays major roles for the resting membrane potential and the intracellular osmolarity. In addition, for several years, it has been known that potassium also affects endothelial and vascular smooth muscle functions and it has been repeatedly shown that an increase in potassium intake shifts blood pressure to a more preferable level. Meanwhile, the blood pressure lowering effects of potassium were presented in several intervention trials and summarized in a handful of meta-analyses. Furthermore, accumulating epidemiological evidence from, especially, the last decade relates low dietary potassium intake or serum potassium levels to an increased risk for insulin resistance or diabetes. However, intervention trials are required to confirm this association. So, in addition to reduction of sodium intake, increasing dietary potassium intake may positively affect blood pressure and possibly also glucose metabolism in many populations. This concise review not only summarizes the studies linking potassium to blood pressure and diabetes but also discusses potential mechanisms involved, like vascular smooth muscle relaxation and endothelium-dependent vasodilation or stimulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells, respectively.
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Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have revealed deleterious effects of aldosterone via the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Especially in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) a significant higher estimated risk of developing cardiovascular comorbidities and comortalities compared to essential hypertensives was reported. As diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome are one of the major contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality their connection to aldosterone excess became a focus of research in PA patients. Several studies assessed the effect of PA on glucose metabolism, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and the effect of PA treatment on both revealing different results. Therefore, we performed an extensive literature research. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the connection between aldosterone excess, glucose homeostasis, and diabetes mellitus in patients with PA. We have highlighted this topic from a pro and contra perspective followed by a summarizing concluding remark. Additionally, we have briefly reviewed the data on possible underlying mechanisms and indicated future considerations on the possible impact of cortisol co-secretion in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Remde
- Clinical Endocrinology, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Hanslik
- Clinical Endocrinology, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Rayes
- Clinic for Surgery, Campus Virchow, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Quinkler
- Endocrinology in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany
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Liou YS, Chen HY, Tien L, Gu YS, Jong GP. Antihypertensive Drug Use and New-Onset Diabetes in Female Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Population-based Longitudinal Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1495. [PMID: 26356715 PMCID: PMC4616628 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antihypertensives have been linked to new-onset diabetes (NOD) and different classes of antihypertensives may alter the risk for the development of NOD; however, the effect of different antihypertensives on the development of NOD in women with hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been well studied. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between usage of different antihypertensive drugs and the development of NOD in female patients with hypertension and CAD.Data in this retrospective cohort study were obtained from claim forms submitted to the Taiwan Bureau of National Health Insurance in central Taiwan during the period 2006-2011. We estimated the odds ratios (OR) to approximate the relative risk of NOD development associated with antihypertensive drug use.Of the 20,108 female patients with CAD at baseline, 2288 patients developed NOD during the 6-year follow-up. Subjects treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (OR, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.00), angiotensin receptor blockers (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99), and alpha-blockers (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.98) in the adjusted analyses had greater reductions of the risk than among nonusers. Patients who took diuretics (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.20), beta-blockers (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.21), and calcium channel blockers (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.18) were at high risk of developing NOD than nonusers. Vasodilators were not associated with risk of NOD.We conclude that women with hypertension who take ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and alpha-blockers are at lower risk of NOD and that use of diuretics, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers was associated with a significantly increased risk of developing NOD during the 6-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Liou
- From the Department of Family Medicine and Geriatrics, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, and School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (Y-SL); Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University and China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC (H-YC); and Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung and Beigang Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan, ROC (H-YC, Y-SG); Central Region Branch, Bureau of National Health Insurance, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC (L-T); and Division of Internal Cardiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Chung Shan Medical University, and Basic Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC (G-PJ)
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38
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Díaz-López A, Bulló M, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Estruch R, Fitó M, Gómez-Gracia E, Fiol M, García de la Corte FJ, Ros E, Babio N, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Muñoz MÁ, Francés F, Buil-Cosiales P, Salas-Salvadó J. Dairy product consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in an elderly Spanish Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:349-60. [PMID: 25663611 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0855-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The possible effects of dairy consumption on diabetes prevention remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the dairy consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in an elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS We prospectively followed 3,454 non-diabetic individuals from the PREDIMED study. Dairy consumption was assessed at baseline and yearly using food frequency questionnaires and categorized into total, low-fat, whole-fat, and subgroups: milk, yogurt, cheeses, fermented dairy, concentrated full fat, and processed dairy. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 4.1 years, we documented 270 incident T2D cases. After multivariate adjustment, total dairy product consumption was inversely associated with T2D risk [0.68 (95% CI 0.47-0.98); P-trend = .040]. This association appeared to be mainly attributed to low-fat dairy; the multivariate HRs (95% CIs) comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile consumption were 0.65 (0.45-0.94) for low-fat dairy products and 0.67 (0.46-0.95) for low-fat milk (both P-trend <.05). Total yogurt consumption was associated with a lower T2D risk [HR 0.60 (0.42-0.86); P-trend = .002]. An increased consumption of total low-fat dairy and total yogurt during the follow-up was inversely associated with T2D; HRs were 0.50 (0.29-0.85), 0.44 (0.26-0.75), and 0.55 (0.33-0.93), respectively. Substituting one serving/day of a combination of biscuits and chocolate and whole grain biscuits and homemade pastries for one serving/day of yogurt was associated with a 40 and 45% lower risk of T2D, respectively. No significant associations were found for the other dairy subgroups (cheese, concentrated full fat, and processed dairy products). CONCLUSIONS A healthy dietary pattern incorporating a high consumption of dairy products and particularly yogurt may be protective against T2D in older adults at high cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Díaz-López
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra Osasunbidea-Servicio Navarro de Salud, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands and Son Espases Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier García de la Corte
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Primary Care Division of Sevilla, Department of Family Medicine, San Pablo Health Center, Seville, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, Llobregat Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Muñoz
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Primary Care Division, Catalan Institute of Health, IDIAP-Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Francés
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra Osasunbidea-Servicio Navarro de Salud, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain. .,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Jacobs S, Harmon BE, Boushey CJ, Morimoto Y, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, Kröger J, Schulze MB, Kolonel LN, Maskarinec G. A priori-defined diet quality indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Multiethnic Cohort. Diabetologia 2015; 58:98-112. [PMID: 25319012 PMCID: PMC4258157 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Dietary patterns have been associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes, but little is known about the impact of ethnicity on this relationship. This study evaluated the association between four a priori dietary quality indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes among white individuals, Japanese-Americans and Native Hawaiians in the Hawaii component of the Multiethnic Cohort. METHODS After excluding participants with prevalent diabetes and missing values, the analysis included 89,185 participants (11,217 cases of type 2 diabetes). Dietary intake was assessed at baseline with a quantitative food frequency questionnaire designed for use in the relevant ethnic populations. Sex- and ethnicity-specific HRs were calculated for the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), the Alternative HEI-2010 (AHEI-2010), the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). RESULTS We observed significant inverse associations between higher DASH index scores and risk of type 2 diabetes in white men and women, as well as in Japanese-American women and Native Hawaiian men, with respective risk reductions of 37%, 31%, 19% and 21% (in the highest compared with the lowest index category). A higher adherence to the AHEI-2010 and aMED diet was related to a 13-28% lower risk of type 2 diabetes in white participants but not in other ethnic groups. No significant associations with risk of type 2 diabetes were observed for the HEI-2010 index. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The small ethnic differences in risk of type 2 diabetes associated with scores of a priori-defined dietary patterns may be due to a different consumption pattern of food components and the fact that the original indexes were not based on diets typical for Asians and Pacific Islanders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Jacobs
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke
| | - Brook E. Harmon
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Carol J. Boushey
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Yukiko Morimoto
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Janine Kröger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke
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40
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Arum O, Boparai RK, Saleh JK, Wang F, Dirks AL, Turner JG, Kopchick JJ, Liu J, Khardori RK, Bartke A. Specific suppression of insulin sensitivity in growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted (GHR-KO) mice attenuates phenotypic features of slow aging. Aging Cell 2014; 13:981-1000. [PMID: 25244225 PMCID: PMC4326932 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their extended lifespans, slow-aging growth hormone receptor/binding protein gene-disrupted (knockout) (GHR-KO) mice are hypoinsulinemic and highly sensitive to the action of insulin. It has been proposed that this insulin sensitivity is important for their longevity and increased healthspan. We tested whether this insulin sensitivity of the GHR-KO mouse is necessary for its retarded aging by abrogating that sensitivity with a transgenic alteration that improves development and secretory function of pancreatic β-cells by expressing Igf-1 under the rat insulin promoter 1 (RIP::IGF-1). The RIP::IGF-1 transgene increased circulating insulin content in GHR-KO mice, and thusly fully normalized their insulin sensitivity, without affecting the proliferation of any non-β-cell cell types. Multiple (nonsurvivorship) longevity-associated physiological and endocrinological characteristics of these mice (namely beneficial blood glucose regulatory control, altered metabolism, and preservation of memory capabilities) were partially or completely normalized, thus supporting the causal role of insulin sensitivity for the decelerated senescence of GHR-KO mice. We conclude that a delayed onset and/or decreased pace of aging can be hormonally regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oge Arum
- Department of Internal Medicine Southern Illinois University‐School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794USA
| | - Ravneet K. Boparai
- Department of Internal Medicine Southern Illinois University‐School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794USA
| | - Jamal K. Saleh
- Department of Internal Medicine Southern Illinois University‐School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794USA
| | - Feiya Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Southern Illinois University‐School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794USA
| | - Angela L. Dirks
- Department of Internal Medicine Southern Illinois University‐School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794USA
| | - Jeremy G. Turner
- Division of ENT‐Otolaryngology Department of Surgery Southern Illinois University‐School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794USA
| | - John J. Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Ohio University Athens OH 45701USA
| | - Jun‐Li Liu
- Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research Department of Medicine McGill University Health Centre 687 Pine Avenue West Montreal QC H3A 1A1 Canada
| | - Romesh K. Khardori
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Eastern Virginia Medical School 700 West Olney Road Norfolk VA 23507 USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine Southern Illinois University‐School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794USA
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41
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Hirahatake KM, Slavin JL, Maki KC, Adams SH. Associations between dairy foods, diabetes, and metabolic health: potential mechanisms and future directions. Metabolism 2014; 63:618-27. [PMID: 24636056 PMCID: PMC5367265 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence supports an inverse relationship between adequate intake of dairy foods and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The biological mechanisms responsible for this association remain to be established. This review provides a current perspective on proposed mechanisms that may underlie these effects, and highlights how randomized clinical trials can be applied to investigate these relationships. Results from epidemiological studies generally support that consumption of milk and dairy products is associated with a lower incidence of T2D or improvements in glucose homeostasis indices, and studies of animal and cell models support a positive effect of dairy-rich diets or components on metabolic and inflammation factors relevant to T2D and insulin resistance. Emerging evidence indicates that dairy components that alter mitochondrial function (e.g., leucine actions on silent information regulator transcript 1 (SIRT1)-associated pathways), promote gut microbial population shifts, or influence inflammation and cardiovascular function (e.g., Ca-regulated peptides calcitonin gene-related peptide [CGRP] or calcitonin) should be considered as possible mechanistic factors linking dairy intake with lower risk for T2D. The possibility that dairy-derived trans-palmitoleic acid (tC16:1) has metabolic bioactivities has also been proposed. Pre-clinical and clinical studies focusing specifically on these parameters are needed to validate hypotheses regarding the potential roles of dairy products and their components on the determinants of glucose tolerance, particularly insulin sensitivity, pancreatic endocrine function, and inflammation in individuals at-risk for T2D development. Such experiments would complement epidemiological studies and add to the evidence base for recommendations regarding consumption of dairy products and their individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Hirahatake
- Obesity & Metabolism Research Unit, USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA
| | - Joanne L Slavin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | | | - Sean H Adams
- Obesity & Metabolism Research Unit, USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA.
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Anderson JW, Weiter KM, Christian AL, Ritchey MB, Bays HE. Raisins compared with other snack effects on glycemia and blood pressure: a randomized, controlled trial. Postgrad Med 2014; 126:37-43. [PMID: 24393750 DOI: 10.3810/pgm.2014.01.2723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare effects of raisin snacks with conventional snacks on glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 12-week, randomized, controlled trial compared 3-times-a-day consumption of raisins with intake of processed snacks on glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors. Men and women were randomized to snacks (n = 15) or raisins (n = 31). Outcome measures were performed at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. RESULTS Fasting plasma glucose levels were not significantly affected by intake of raisins or snacks. Mean subject post prandial glucose levels were significantly reduced by raisin intake at 12 weeks; changes with raisin intake were -13.1 mg/dL (P = 0.003 vs baseline; P = 0.03 vs snacks). Eating raisins significantly decreased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level (-0.12%; P = 0.004), a significantly greater level decrease than seen with snack intake (P = 0.036). Snack intake did not significantly affect subject systolic or diastolic blood pressure (BP). Raisin intake was associated with reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks with mean changes of -6.0 to 10.2 mmHg; all these changes were statistically significant (P = 0.015 to 0.001). Raisins were associated with significantly greater changes in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks than snacks (P < 0.05). Body weight did not significantly change within or between groups. CONCLUSIONS Regular consumption of raisins may reduce glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors, including BP rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Anderson
- Professor Emeritus, Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
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43
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Jacques PF, Cassidy A, Rogers G, Peterson JJ, Meigs JB, Dwyer JT. Higher dietary flavonol intake is associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. J Nutr 2013; 143:1474-80. [PMID: 23902957 PMCID: PMC3743276 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.177212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial experimental evidence suggests that several flavonoid classes are involved in glucose metabolism, but few clinical or epidemiologic studies exist that provide supporting human evidence for this relationship. The objective of this study was to determine if habitual intakes of specific flavonoid classes are related to incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We followed 2915 members of the Framingham Offspring cohort who were free of T2D at baseline from 1991 to 2008. Diabetes was defined by either elevated fasting glucose (≥7.0 mmol/L) or initiation of hypoglycemic medication during follow-up. Dietary intakes of 6 flavonoid classes and total flavonoids were assessed using a validated, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. We observed 308 incident cases of T2D during a mean follow-up period of 11.9 y (range 2.5-16.8 y). After multivariable adjusted, time-dependent analyses, which accounted for long-term flavonoid intake during follow-up, each 2.5-fold increase in flavonol intake was associated with a 26% lower incidence of T2D [HR = 0.74 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.90); P-trend = 0.003] and each 2.5-fold increase in flavan-3-ol intake was marginally associated with an 11% lower incidence of T2D [HR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80, 1.00); P-trend = 0.06]. No other associations between flavonoid classes and risk of T2D were observed. Our observations support previous experimental evidence of a possible beneficial relationship between increased flavonol intake and risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul F. Jacques
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Gail Rogers
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and
| | - Julia J. Peterson
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - James B. Meigs
- General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; and,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Johanna T. Dwyer
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Effects of coconut water on carbohydrate metabolism and pancreatic pathology of alloxan induced diabetic rats. Eur J Integr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Sodium and potassium are essential for human health. They are important ions in the body and are associated with many physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. The chapter summarizes the basic physiologic actions of sodium and potassium on membranes of the neurologic and muscular systems. It provides information regarding the kinetics, i.e., absorption, distribution, and excretion of these ions and their movement between the intracellular and extracellular compartments. It also explains the physiologic systems that can influence proper homeostasis between sodium and potassium. Concentrations of sodium in the blood that exceed or do not reach the normal value range are called hypernatremia or hyponatremia, respectively. Similarly, the clinicians recognize hyperkalemia and hypokalemia. Pathologies associated with these states are described and examples of some of the diseases are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana R Pohl
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop F-57, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA,
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Preetha PP, Devi VG, Rajamohan T. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant potential of coconut water in experimental diabetes. Food Funct 2012; 3:753-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30066d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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