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Marzbani B, Ayubi E, Barati M, Sahrai P. The relationship between social support and dimensions of elder maltreatment: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:869. [PMID: 38110874 PMCID: PMC10726566 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Many studies have investigated the relationship between social support and the prevention of elder abuse; however, their results are somehow inconsistent in terms of the association. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the published studies on the relationship between social support and the prevention of elder maltreatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search was conducted until January 2023, using such databases as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The present research included cross-sectional, longitudinal, and case-control studies. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two researchers independently. The Newcastle-Ottawa checklist was utilized to evaluate the quality of studies. The random effects model was employed to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS In total, 32 studies were included in this systematic review, out of which 26 articles were eligible for meta-analysis. The results showed that 68.75% of the studies were of high quality, and there is a significant relationship between social support and elder maltreatment. Accordingly, the lack of social support increased overall maltreatment (odds ratio: 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.16-1.33; I2 = 92.3%, p = 0.000)). Moreover, lack of social support had an increasing effect on the level of psychological abuse (1.55, 1.18-2.04; 88.7%, p = 0.000), physical abuse (1.31, 0.42-4.11; 76.3%, p = 0.005), and neglect (2.02, 0.86-4.72; 87.9%, p = 0.000), which shows heterogeneities among the results of the included studies. On the contrary, the lack of social support showed a decreasing effect on financial abuse (0.92, 0.70-1.21; 62.1%, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION This systematic review provides evidence that social support in the form of structural or functional support may plays an important role in improving the quality of life of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Marzbani
- Department of Public Health, School of health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Erfan Ayubi
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Majid Barati
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838695, Iran.
| | - Parvaneh Sahrai
- Department of Public Health, School of health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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da Rosa PPDS, Marques LP, Corrêa VP, De Oliveira C, Schneider IJC. Is the combination of depression symptoms and multimorbidity associated with the increase of the prevalence of functional disabilities in Brazilian older adults? A cross-sectional study. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1188552. [PMID: 37288071 PMCID: PMC10242069 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1188552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Functional disabilities are more prevalent in older adults with multimorbidity and depression. However, few studies have investigated the combination of multimorbidity and depression with functional disability. This study aims to verify whether symptoms of depression and multimorbidity combined increase the prevalence of functional disability in Brazilian older adults. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) baseline examination in 2015-2016 in adults aged 50 years and older. The variables included were basic (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), depressive symptoms, multimorbidity (≥2 chronic diseases), sociodemographic variables, and lifestyle. Logistic regression was performed to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios. Results: A total of 7,842 participants over 50 years of age were included. Of these, 53.5% were women and 50.5% were between 50 and 59 years old, 33.5% reported ≥4 depressive symptoms, 51.4% had multimorbidity, 13.5% reported difficulty in performing at least one BADL, and 45.1% reported difficulty in performing the IADL. In the adjusted analysis, the prevalence of difficulty on BADL was 6.52 (95% CI: 5.14; 8.27) and on IADL was 2.34 (95% CI: 2.15; 2.55), higher for those with depression and multimorbidity combined when compared with those without these conditions. Conclusion: The combination of symptoms of depression and multimorbidity may increase functional impairments in the BADL and IADL of Brazilian older adults, impairing self-efficacy, independence, and autonomy. Early detection of these factors benefits the person, their family, and the healthcare system for health promotion and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vanessa Pereira Corrêa
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Cesar De Oliveira
- Epidemiology and Public Health Department, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Epidemiology and Public Health Department, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Chowdhury SR, Chandra Das D, Sunna TC, Beyene J, Hossain A. Global and regional prevalence of multimorbidity in the adult population in community settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 57:101860. [PMID: 36864977 PMCID: PMC9971315 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowing the prevalence of multimorbidity among adults across continents is a crucial piece of information for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.4, which calls for reducing premature death due to non-communicable diseases. A high prevalence of multimorbidity indicates high mortality and increased healthcare utilization. We aimed to understand the prevalence of multimorbidity across WHO geographic regions among adults. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of surveys designed to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity among adults in community settings. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase and Google Scholar databases for studies published between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2021. The random-effects model estimated the pooled proportion of multimorbidity in adults. Heterogeneity was quantified using I2 statistics. We performed subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses based on continents, age, gender, multimorbidity definition, study periods and sample size. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020150945). FINDINGS We analyzed data from 126 peer-reviewed studies that included nearly 15.4 million people (32.1% were male) with a weighted mean age of 56.94 years (standard deviation of 10.84 years) from 54 countries around the world. The overall global prevalence of multimorbidity was 37.2% (95% CI = 34.9-39.4%). South America (45.7%, 95% CI = 39.0-52.5) had the highest prevalence of multimorbidity, followed by North America (43.1%, 95% CI = 32.3-53.8%), Europe (39.2%, 95% CI = 33.2-45.2%), and Asia (35%, 95% CI = 31.4-38.5%). The subgroup study highlights that multimorbidity is more prevalent in females (39.4%, 95% CI = 36.4-42.4%) than males (32.8%, 95% CI = 30.0-35.6%). More than half of the adult population worldwide above 60 years of age had multimorbid conditions (51.0%, 95% CI = 44.1-58.0%). Multimorbidity has become increasingly prevalent in the last two decades, while the prevalence appears to have stayed stable in the recent decade among adults globally. INTERPRETATION The multimorbidity patterns by geographic regions, time, age, and gender suggest noticeable demographic and regional differences in the burden of multimorbidity. According to insights about prevalence among adults, priority is required for effective and integrative interventions for older adults from South America, Europe, and North America. A high prevalence of multimorbidity among adults from South America suggests immediate interventions are needed to reduce the burden of morbidity. Furthermore, the high prevalence trend in the last two decades indicates that the global burden of multimorbidity continues at the same pace. The low prevalence in Africa suggests that there may be many undiagnosed chronic illness patients in Africa. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dipak Chandra Das
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Joseph Beyene
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Global Health Institute, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
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Ballesteros SM, Moreno-Montoya J, Grooten WJA, Barrera-López P, De la Hoz-Valle JA. Socioeconomic variation of multimorbidity in Colombian older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22738. [PMID: 34815507 PMCID: PMC8611071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimorbidity (MM) prevalence among older adults is increasing worldwide. Variations regarding the socioeconomic characteristics of the individuals and their context have been described, mostly in high-income settings. However, further research is needed to understand the effect of the coexistence of infectious diseases along with socioeconomic factors regarding MM. This study aims to examine the variation of MM regarding infectious diseases mortality after adjusting for socioeconomic factors. A cross-sectional multilevel study with a nationally representative sample of 17,571 Colombian adults of 60 years of age or older was conducted. Individual socioeconomic, demographic, childhood and health related characteristics, as well as group level variables (multidimensional poverty index and infectious diseases mortality rate) were analyzed. A two-level stepwise structural equation model was used to simultaneously adjust for the individual and contextual effects. Multimorbidity prevalence was 62.3% (95% CI 61.7–62.9). In the multilevel adjusted models, age, female sex, having functional limitations, non-white ethnicity, high body mass index, higher income, physical inactivity and living in urban areas were associated with multimorbidity among the sample for this study. The median odds ratio for multidimensional poverty was 1.18 (1.16–1.19; p = 0.008) and for infectious diseases was 1.25 (1.22–1.28; p = 0.014). This paper demonstrates that MM varies regarding the mortality of infectious diseases and shows a strong association between MM and poverty in a low-middle income country. Differences in the factors involved in the etiology of multimorbidity are expected among wealthy and poor countries regarding availability and prioritization of health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Marcela Ballesteros
- Clinical Studies and Clinical Epidemiology Division, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Calle 119 A 7-49, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - José Moreno-Montoya
- Clinical Studies and Clinical Epidemiology Division, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Calle 119 A 7-49, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas Grooten
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physical Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.,Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical unit Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pedro Barrera-López
- Clinical Studies and Clinical Epidemiology Division, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Calle 119 A 7-49, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José A De la Hoz-Valle
- Clinical Studies and Clinical Epidemiology Division, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Calle 119 A 7-49, Bogotá, Colombia
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Bordin D, Gonçalves D, Cabral LPA, Lima ML, Grden CRB. Factors associated to multimorbidity in inpatient elderly according to sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and use of services. ABCS HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.7322/abcshs.2020061.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Aging is a physiological process associated to decreased functional capacity and the presence of diseases, especially chronic noncommunicable diseases. Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated to the multimorbidity of elderly in a teaching hospital, according to sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and use of services in the health care network. Methods: Descriptive and inferential cross-sectional study, conducted with 144 hospitalized patients 60 years of age or more, from January to June 2018, in a university hospital in the state of Paraná. Data were collected 30 days after hospital discharge by telephone interview. The dependent variable was the occurrence of multimorbidity and the independent variables were: sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and use of hospital health services. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: It was found that 55% of the elderly had multimorbidity. The elderly who were more chances to have multimorbidity where there low education (OR=16.29; CI:2.75-96.42), non-white (OR=2.34; CI:1.00-5.50) hospitalized longer (4 to 7 days: OR=6.91; CI:2.40-19.96; more than 7 days: OR=3.03; CI:1.00-9.22), who scheduled to return to the hospital (OR=18.99; CI: 1.30-277.87), and that after discharge they needed help from someone to follow the medical recommendations (OR=3.16; CI:1.38-7.22). Conclusion: It was identified a high prevalence of multimorbidity, and important factors associated to multimorbidity in hospitalized elderly, with emphasis on education; color; hospitalization time; scheduling of return to hospital after discharge; need for help from someone (family member/caregiver), without post-discharge, to follow medical recommendations.
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Depression in the Iranian Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Aging Res 2021; 2021:9305624. [PMID: 34434582 PMCID: PMC8382523 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9305624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression can lead to increased medical costs, impaired individual and social functioning, nonadherence to therapeutic proceeding, and even suicide and ultimately affect quality of life. It is important to know the extent of its prevalence for successful planning in this regard. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression in the Iranian elderly. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was done through Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ProQuest, SID, Embase, and Magiran with determined keywords. Screening was done on the basis of relevance to the purpose of the study, titles, abstracts, full text, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa standard scale. After primary and secondary screening, 30 articles were finally included in the study. According to the 30 articles reviewed, the prevalence of depression in the Iranian elderly was 52 percent based on the random-effects model (CI 95%: 46–58). According to the results of the present study, depression in the Iranian elderly was moderate to high. Therefore, more exact assessment in terms of depression screening in elderly people seems necessary. Coherent and systematic programs, including psychosocial empowerment counselling for the elderly and workshops for their families, are also needed. Researchers can also use the results of this study for future research.
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Koponen S, Nykänen I, Savela RM, Välimäki T, Suominen AL, Schwab U. Inadequate Intake of Energy and Nutrients Is Common in Older Family Caregivers. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082763. [PMID: 34444923 PMCID: PMC8400852 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional status, determinants of nutritional status, and adequacy of energy and nutrient intake of older family caregivers (FC). Nutritional status was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), plasma albumin, plasma pre-albumin, and blood hemoglobin concentrations. Dietary intake was assessed with a three-day food record. Comorbidity (B −0.283, 95% CI: −0.492, −0.073), quality of life (B 0.045, 95% CI: 0.018, 0.072) and energy intake (B 0.001, 95% CI: 0.000, 0.002) were significantly associated with the MNA scores of the older FCs (n = 125). It was common for FCs to have lower than recommended intakes of energy and several nutrients, independent of the risk of malnutrition assessed by the MNA. Over half of the FCs had inadequate intake of protein, vitamin A, folate, and fiber, and 25–40% of the FCs had a low intake of vitamin D, vitamin E, thiamine, magnesium, iron, and selenium. It is important to follow both the nutritional status and dietary intake of older FCs regularly to find those with lower than recommended nutrient intake and to avoid poor nutritional status and its adverse effects hampering their ability to serve as FCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohvi Koponen
- Institution of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (I.N.); (U.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Irma Nykänen
- Institution of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (I.N.); (U.S.)
| | - Roosa-Maria Savela
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (R.-M.S.); (T.V.)
| | - Tarja Välimäki
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (R.-M.S.); (T.V.)
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institution of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institution of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (I.N.); (U.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
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Huaquía-Díaz AM, Chalán-Dávila TS, Carrillo-Larco RM, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Multimorbidity in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050409. [PMID: 34301665 PMCID: PMC8311299 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the pooled prevalence of multimorbidity (≥2 non-communicable diseases in the same individual) among adults of the general population of Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, Scopus and LILACS up to 1 July 2020. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES The outcome was the prevalence of multimorbidity. Reports were selected whether they enrolled adult individuals (age ≥18 years) from the general population. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Reviewers extracted relevant data and assessed risk of bias independently. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to report pooled prevalence estimates of multimorbidity; pooled estimates by pre-specified subgroups (eg, national studies) were also pursued. RESULTS From 5830 results, we selected 28 reports, mostly from Brazil and 16 were based on a nationally representative sample. From the 28 selected reports, 26 were further included in the meta-analysis revealing a pooled multimorbidity prevalence of 43% (95% CI: 35% to 51%; I2: 99.9%). When only reports with a nationally representative sample were combined, the pooled prevalence was 37% (95% CI: 27% to 47%; I2: 99.9%). When the ascertainment of multimorbidity was based on self-reports alone, the pooled prevalence was 40% (95% CI: 31% to 48%; I2: 99.9%); this raised to 52% (95% CI: 33% to 70%; I2: 99.9%) for reports including self-reported and objective diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results complement and advance those from global efforts by incorporating much more reports from LAC. We revealed a larger presence of multimorbidity in LAC than previously reported. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020196177.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- Department of Epidemiology and Bisotatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Oliveira NN, Ikegami ÉM. Factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older people with and without cataracts: Structural equation modelling analysis. J Clin Nurs 2021; 30:2634-2645. [PMID: 33434369 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To identify the frequency of falls among older people with and without cataracts and to verify the association of sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural variables with the number of falls among community-dwelling older adults according to self-reported cataracts. BACKGROUND Although the literature on the topic is vast, no studies were found that described the explanatory factors for the relationship between sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural variables with the occurrence of falls in older people, with and without cataracts, through models previously tested in mediation analysis. DESIGN AND METHOD This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study guided by the STROBE, conducted with two groups: older people with (268) and without cataracts (689). For analysing the data, the path analysis was performed. RESULTS The occurrence of falls among the older people with cataracts was higher than in the group without cataracts. In both groups, frailty and depressive symptoms were directly associated with a higher occurrence of falls. Among older people with cataracts, the lowest physical performance score and the highest sedentary behaviour were directly associated with the highest number of falls. Among the older people without cataract, the youngest age, the highest number of morbidities and functional disability for instrumental activities of daily living were directly associated with the occurrence of falls. CONCLUSION The older people with cataracts have a higher frequency of falls. The factors associated with the occurrence of falls differ between the older people with and without cataracts. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The expanded understanding of the factors associated with falls among community-dwelling older adults, differentiating those with and without cataracts, guides the health professional in the development and implementation of measures to reduce the occurrence of these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Mara Dos Santos Tavares
- Department of Nursing Education and Community Health Nursing Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Nayara Gomes Nunes Oliveira
- Department of Nursing Education and Community Health Nursing Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
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Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Marmo FAD, Meneguci J. Using structural equation modeling in the understanding of functional disability in older adults. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2021; 29:e3451. [PMID: 34190942 PMCID: PMC8253352 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.4555.3451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: to analyze functional disability and its associated factors among
community-dwelling older adults. Method: a cross-sectional study, conducted with 1,635 older adults distributed in the
following age groups: 60 to 69, 70 to 79, and 80 years old or more, living
in a health macro-region of the state of Minas Gerais. Descriptive and
trajectory analysis was carried out (p<0.05). The parameters were
estimated by the Maximum Likelihood method. Results: the highest percentage was female, with a monthly income of 1 minimum wage
and living with a companion. In the age groups from 60 to 69 and from 70 to
79 years old, older adults with a partner predominated; and, among those
aged 80 years old or more, widowed individuals prevailed. In the three
groups, functional disability occurred hierarchically. Lower schooling,
frailty and depressive symptomatology were factors directly associated with
functional disability in the advanced activities; frailty and sedentary
behavior were directly associated with functional disability in the
instrumental activities. In the older adults aged between 60 and 69 years
old and from 70 to 79 years old, sedentary behavior was associated with
greater dependence on the basic activities. Conclusion: the expanded understanding of the factors in the functional disability of the
older adults, according to age group, helps the health professional in the
development of preventive measures for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Flavia Aparecida Dias Marmo
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Departamento de Enfermagem em Educação e Saúde Comunitária, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
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Júnior EVDS, Cruz DP, Caricchio GMN, Santos JSD, Boery RNSDO, Boery EN. Leprosy: epidemiology of the morbidity, mortality and public spending in the northeast of brazil. REVISTA DE PESQUISA CUIDADO É FUNDAMENTAL ONLINE 2020. [DOI: 10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v12.8022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objetivo: descrever a morbimortalidade e gastos públicos por hanseníase no nordeste brasileiro entre 2012 e 2017. Métodos: estudo ecológico e descritivo realizado com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares. Selecionou-se as variáveis: unidades federativas, faixa etária, sexo, raça/cor e gastos públicos. Resultados: registrou-se 7.067 internações, 147 óbitos e mortalidade de 2,08%. As internações se destacaram em Pernambuco (33,82%), idade entre 30 a 34 anos (9,31%), sexo masculino (64,94%) e pardos (49,80%). Já os óbitos se destacaram no Maranhão (22,45%), idade entre 75 a 79 anos (12,93%), sexo masculino (68,71%) e raça/cor sem informação (48,30%). A maior mortalidade ocorreu em Sergipe (6,06%), idade entre 75 a 79 anos (9,69%), sexo masculino (2,2%) e raça/cor sem informação (2,47%). Houve impacto financeiro superior a 3,7 milhões de reais e Pernambuco onerou 42% desse valor. Conclusão: a mortalidade apresentou comportamento crescente, evidenciando a importância da precocidade diagnóstica e terapêutica para prevenir complicações.
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Aplicação do MINICHAL em um grupo de idosos hipertensos vinculados ao setor de saúde suplementar. PAJAR - PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGING RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.15448/2357-9641.2020.1.35631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo: aplicar o instrumento MINICHAL para mensurar o perfil de qualidade de vida de um grupo de idosos hipertensos assistidos pelo setor de saúde suplementar. Métodos: foram investigados 47 idosos hipertensos vinculados a uma operadora de planos de saúde, no município de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Os dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, de utilização de serviços de saúde e de Qualidade de Vida relacionada à Saúde (QVRS) foram obtidos por meio de instrumentos criados pelos próprios pesquisados e da aplicação da versão brasileira do MINICHAL. Após expressas as variáveis descritivas, os testes de t-Student e Mann-Whitney foram realizados para comparar QVRS as demais variáveis. Resultados: o MINICHAL indicou baixo comprometimento da QVRS em todas as dimensões do instrumento utilizado e a influência negativa entre a prática de atividade física e a dimensão Manifestações Somáticas (p=0,017). Conclusão: o MINICHAL mostrou-se eficaz na mensuração da QVRS de idosos portadores de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica vinculados ao setor de saúde suplementar e evidenciou um menor comprometimento na QVRS entre os idosos praticantes de atividade física.
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Santos RDC, Souto RQ, Almeida AMD, Araújo GKND, Sousa RCRD, Santos RCD. Factors associated with depressive symptoms and cognition in elderly victims of violence. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73 Suppl 3:e20190383. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To identify, among elderly people victims of violence, factors associated with depressive symptoms and cognitive function. Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out with 56 elderly people classified in situation of violence. To do so it was used the Brazil Old Age Shedule (BOAS), the Conflict Tactics Scales Form R, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Mini-mental State examination (MMSE). Results: Depressive symptoms were more predominant in elderly men, over 70 years old, without partner, illiterate, with no job, receiving up to 1 minimum wage and who lived alone; and the cognitive deficit prevailed in women, over 70 years old, without partner, illiterate, who did not work, receiving up to 1 minimum wage and who lived alone. Conclusion: Among the elderly population victim of violence, lack of a partner and cognitive impairment were associated to depressive symptoms; and finding themselves living alone, with no partner and being illiterate were associated to cognitive deficit.
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Abebe F, Schneider M, Asrat B, Ambaw F. Multimorbidity of chronic non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF COMORBIDITY 2020; 10:2235042X20961919. [PMID: 33117722 PMCID: PMC7573723 DOI: 10.1177/2235042x20961919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity is rising in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, the evidence on its epidemiology from LMICs settings is limited and the available literature has not been synthesized as yet. OBJECTIVES To review the available evidence on the epidemiology of multimorbidity in LMICs. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and Grey literature databases were searched. We followed the PRISMA-ScR reporting guideline. RESULTS Of 33, 110 articles retrieved, 76 studies were eligible for the epidemiology of multimorbidity. Of these 76 studies, 66 (86.8%) were individual country studies. Fifty-two (78.8%) of which were confined to only six middle-income countries: Brazil, China, South Africa, India, Mexico and Iran. The majority (n = 68, 89.5%) of the studies were crosssectional in nature. The sample size varied from 103 to 242, 952. The largest proportion (n = 33, 43.4%) of the studies enrolled adults. Marked variations existed in defining and measuring multimorbidity. The prevalence of multimorbidity in LMICs ranged from 3.2% to 90.5%. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Studies on the epidemiology of multimorbidity in LMICs are limited and the available ones are concentrated in few countries. Despite variations in measurement and definition, studies consistently reported high prevalence of multimorbidity. Further research is urgently required to better understand the epidemiology of multimorbidity and define the best possible interventions to improve outcomes of patients with multimorbidity in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fantu Abebe
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Jhpiego Corporation, Ethiopia Country Office, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Marguerite Schneider
- Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Biksegn Asrat
- Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fentie Ambaw
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Manso MEG, Maresti LTP, Oliveira HSBD. Analysis of quality of life and associated factors in a group of elderly persons with supplemental health plans in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562019022.190013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: To measure the Quality of Life (QoL) and associated factors in a group of elderly persons receiving care through a health plan operator in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 169 elderly persons enrolled in a health plan and who were participants in a program to promote health and prevent risks and diseases. The Bref and Old versions of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) instruments were adopted for the evaluation of the QoL of the elderly. After descriptive analysis, a comparative analysis was performed through the Student’s t-tests and ANOVA. The Brown-Forsythe test was applied for situations in which no homogeneity was found and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons was applied. Results: The highest mean QoL values were found in the Psychological [72.1 (±14.3)] and Environment [68 (±15.4)] and Intimacy [72.5 (±20.8)] domains, while the worst results were found in the Physical [64.3 (±18)] domain and in the Death and Dying facet [61.2 (±23.2)]. In this group, factors such as obesity, neoplasia and previous hospitalizations were negatively associated with QoL, whereas young elderly, female, widows, carriers of chronic non-communicable diseases and those limited to two morbidities, who practiced physical activity and had clinical care provided by a reference physician had a positive influence. Conclusion: The findings of this research showed high levels of satisfaction with health and QoL, in addition to raising relevant discussions about predictors that influence the QoL of the elderly receiving care from the supplementary sector. It also emphasizes the need for new strategies of action to ensure improvements in the health care of the elderly.
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Nguyen H, Manolova G, Daskalopoulou C, Vitoratou S, Prince M, Prina AM. Prevalence of multimorbidity in community settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. JOURNAL OF COMORBIDITY 2019; 9:2235042X19870934. [PMID: 31489279 PMCID: PMC6710708 DOI: 10.1177/2235042x19870934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With ageing world populations, multimorbidity (presence of two or more chronic diseases in the same individual) becomes a major concern in public health. Although multimorbidity is associated with age, its prevalence varies. This systematic review aimed to summarise and meta-analyse the prevalence of multimorbidity in high, low- and middle-income countries (HICs and LMICs). METHODS Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Global Health, Web of Science and Cochrane Library). The term 'multimorbidity' and its various spellings were used, alongside 'prevalence' or 'epidemiology'. Quality assessment employed the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Overall and stratified analyses according to multimorbidity operational definitions, HICs/LMICs status, gender and age were performed. A random-effects model for meta-analysis was used. RESULTS Seventy community-based studies (conducted in 18 HICs and 31 LMICs) were included in the final sample. Sample sizes ranged from 264 to 162,464. The overall pooled prevalence of multimorbidity was 33.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 30.0-36.3%). There was a considerable difference in the pooled estimates between HICs and LMICs, with prevalence being 37.9% (95% CI: 32.5-43.4%) and 29.7% (26.4-33.0%), respectively. Heterogeneity across studies was high for both overall and stratified analyses (I 2 > 99%). A sensitivity analysis showed that none of the reviewed studies skewed the overall pooled estimates. CONCLUSION A large proportion of the global population, especially those aged 65+, is affected by multimorbidity. To allow accurate estimations of disease burden, and effective disease management and resources distribution, a standardised operationalisation of multimorbidity is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Nguyen
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Health Service and Population Research Department, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Gergana Manolova
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Health Service and Population Research Department, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Christina Daskalopoulou
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Health Service and Population Research Department, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Silia Vitoratou
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Health Service and Population Research Department, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Prince
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Health Service and Population Research Department, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - A Matthew Prina
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Health Service and Population Research Department, King’s College London, London, UK
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