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Cuspidi C, Gherbesi E, Sala C, Tadic M. Sex, gender, and subclinical hypertensiveorgan damage-heart. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:626-633. [PMID: 36030347 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) at cardiac level include a variety of abnormal phenotypes of recognized adverse prognostic value. Although the risk of cardiac HMOD is related with the severity of BP elevation, the interaction of numerous non-hemodynamic factors plays a relevant role in this unfavorable dynamic process. In particular, sex-related differences in cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and HMOD have been increasingly described. The objective of the present review is to provide comprehensive, updated information on sex-related differences in cardiac HMOD, focusing on the most important manifestations of subclinical hypertensive heart disease such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction, left atrial and aortic dilatation. Current evidence, based on cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies as well as real-world registries and randomized controlled trials, suggests that women are more at risk of developing (and maintaining) LVH, concentric remodeling and subclinical LV dysfunction, namely the morpho-functional features of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. It should be pointed out, however, that further studies are needed to fill the gap in defining gender-based optimal therapeutic strategies in order to protect women's hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Cuspidi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
| | - Elisa Gherbesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano and Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS Policlinico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Carla Sala
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano and Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS Policlinico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marijana Tadic
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital "Dr. Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
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2
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Maksimov S, Muromtseva G, Kutsenko V, Shalnova S, Evstifeeva S, Drapkina O. Major and minor ECG abnormalities depending on regional living conditions in Russia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8934. [PMID: 37264214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of our study was to explore the effect of living conditions on the odd of major and minor ECG abnormalities on a large region scale in Russia. For the analysis, cross-sectional data of the Russian study, ESSE-RF 2013-2014, were used. They were collected on a sample of 16,400 subjects from 10 regions of the Russia. ECG abnormalities were grouped into two categories: Major and Minor (sensu the 2009 version of the Minnesota Code Classification System). Regional living conditions were considered comprehensively via five indices combining 33 characteristics of the regions. The estimates were presented as odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. The prevalence values of major abnormalities in the sample were 8.4% among women and 9.4% among men (p = 0.021). The prevalence of minor abnormalities constituted 34.1% and 45.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). In men, the odd of major ECG abnormalities increased with the demographic depression growth (1.08: 1.04-1.12) and with industrial development growth in the region (1.12: 1.07-1.17). In women, an increase in the odd of major ECG abnormalities was directly associated with industrial development (1.12: 1.07-1.16) and inversely related to the economic development in the region (0.94: 0.89-0.99). The odd of minor ECG abnormalities in men and women declined with the growth of the regional economic development: OR of 0.95: 0.93-0.98, and OR of 0.92: 0.87-0.99, respectively. The study demonstrated an effect of regional living conditions of the Russian population on the odd of major and minor ECG abnormalities. The most stable and logically explainable relationships were obtained for industrial and economic characteristics of living conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Maksimov
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Galina Muromtseva
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Kutsenko
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Shalnova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Evstifeeva
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana Drapkina
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
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3
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Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, Baker-Smith CM, Beaton AZ, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Fugar S, Generoso G, Heard DG, Hiremath S, Ho JE, Kalani R, Kazi DS, Ko D, Levine DA, Liu J, Ma J, Magnani JW, Michos ED, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Parikh NI, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Shah NS, St-Onge MP, Thacker EL, Virani SS, Voeks JH, Wang NY, Wong ND, Wong SS, Yaffe K, Martin SS. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2023; 147:e93-e621. [PMID: 36695182 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1250] [Impact Index Per Article: 1250.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2023 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort in 2022 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. The American Heart Association strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year's edition includes additional COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) publications, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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4
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Pinto-Filho MM, Soares CPM, Paixão GM, Ribeiro ALP. Response to: Correspondence on "Electrocardiographic findings and prognostic values in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the World Heart Federation Global Study" by Marateb et al. Heart 2023; 109:414-415. [PMID: 36639229 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2022-322247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla P M Soares
- Telehealth Center, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Miana Paixão
- Telehealth Center, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Telehealth Center, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil .,Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Santos IS, Lotufo PA, Goulart AC, Brant LCC, Pinto MM, Pereira AC, Barreto SM, Ribeiro ALP, Thomas GN, Lip GYH, Bensenor IM. Cardiovascular Health and Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter: A Cross-Sectional Study from ELSA-Brasil. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 119:S0066-782X2022005016205. [PMID: 36169453 PMCID: PMC9750207 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) status and atrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) diagnosis has been less studied compared to other cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between AFF diagnosis and ICVH metrics and scores in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). METHODS This study analyzed data from 13,141 participants with complete data. Electrocardiographic tracings were coded according to the Minnesota Coding System, in a centralized reading center. ICVH metrics (diet, physical activity, body mass index, smoking, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and total cholesterol) and scores were calculated as proposed by the American Heart Association. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression models were built to analyze the association of ICVH metrics and scores with AFF diagnosis. Significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS The sample had a median age of 55 years and 54.4% were women. In adjusted models, ICVH scores were not significantly associated with prevalent AFF diagnosis (odds ratio [OR]:0.96; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.80-1.16; p=0.70). Ideal blood pressure (OR:0.33; 95% CI:0.15-0.74; p=0.007) and total cholesterol (OR:1.88; 95% CI:1.19-2.98; p=0.007) profiles were significantly associated with AFF diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS No significant associations were identified between global ICVH scores and AFF diagnosis after multivariable adjustment in our analyses, at least partially due to the antagonistic associations of AFF with blood pressure and total cholesterol ICVH metrics. Our results suggest that estimating the prevention of AFF burden using global ICVH scores may not be adequate, and ICVH metrics should be considered in separate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar S. Santos
- Departamento de Clínica MédicaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
- Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e EpidemiológicaHospital UniversitárioUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e Epidemiológica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
| | - Paulo A. Lotufo
- Departamento de Clínica MédicaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
- Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e EpidemiológicaHospital UniversitárioUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e Epidemiológica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
| | - Alessandra C. Goulart
- Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e EpidemiológicaHospital UniversitárioUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e Epidemiológica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
| | - Luisa C. C. Brant
- Departamento de Clínica MédicaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrasil Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG – Brasil
| | - Marcelo M Pinto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Infectologia e Medicina TropicalFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Belo HorizonteMGBrasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Infectologia e Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte , MG – Brasil
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Hospital das ClínicasFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular do Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
| | - Sandhi M. Barreto
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e SocialFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrasil Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG – Brasil
| | - Antonio L. P. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Clínica MédicaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrasil Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG – Brasil
| | - G Neil Thomas
- Institute of Applied Health ResearchCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamReino Unido Institute of Applied Health Research , College of Medical and Dental Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham – Reino Unido
| | - Gregory Y. H. Lip
- Chest Hospital and Aalborg Thrombosis Research UnitDepartment of Clinical MedicineAalborg UniversityLiverpoolReino Unido Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital and Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit , Department of Clinical Medicine , Aalborg University , Liverpool – Reino Unido
| | - Isabela M. Bensenor
- Departamento de Clínica MédicaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
- Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e EpidemiológicaHospital UniversitárioUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e Epidemiológica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP – Brasil
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Carmona-Puerta R, Lorenzo-Martínez E. Nonspecific ventricular repolarization abnormalities: A wolf in sheep's clothing. Rev Clin Esp 2022; 222:S2254-8874(22)00054-6. [PMID: 35842412 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The term nonspecific ventricular repolarization abnormalities refers to a set of minor alterations of the ST segment and/or the T wave. For a long time, they have been of little clinical interest as they do not translate into specific diagnoses. It has even been asserted that they constitute benign electrocardiographic findings. Their presence has been reported in various cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases. However, it is frequently identified in apparently healthy asymptomatic people. A growing number of studies demonstrate their importance as predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, expanding their spectrum towards cardiovascular prevention. In light of the body of scientific evidence, it is imperative that the traditional view of nonspecific ventricular repolarization abnormalities changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Carmona-Puerta
- Servicio de Electrofisiología y Arritmología, Hospital Universitario Cardiocentro Ernesto Guevara, Santa Clara, Cuba.
| | - E Lorenzo-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara, Santa Clara, Cuba
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7
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Carmona-Puerta R, Lorenzo-Martínez E. Trastornos inespecíficos de la repolarización ventricular: un lobo con piel de oveja. Rev Clin Esp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Alonso A, Beaton AZ, Bittencourt MS, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Carson AP, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Ferguson JF, Generoso G, Ho JE, Kalani R, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Levine DA, Lewis TT, Liu J, Loop MS, Ma J, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Perak AM, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Thacker EL, VanWagner LB, Virani SS, Voecks JH, Wang NY, Yaffe K, Martin SS. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2022; 145:e153-e639. [PMID: 35078371 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2460] [Impact Index Per Article: 1230.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2022 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population and an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, and the global burden of cardiovascular disease and healthy life expectancy. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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Oliveira GMMD, Brant LCC, Polanczyk CA, Malta DC, Biolo A, Nascimento BR, Souza MDFMD, Lorenzo ARD, Fagundes AADP, Schaan BD, Castilho FMD, Cesena FHY, Soares GP, Xavier GF, Barreto JAS, Passaglia LG, Pinto MM, Machline-Carrion MJ, Bittencourt MS, Pontes OM, Villela PB, Teixeira RA, Sampaio RO, Gaziano TA, Perel P, Roth GA, Ribeiro ALP. Estatística Cardiovascular – Brasil 2021. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 118:115-373. [PMID: 35195219 PMCID: PMC8959063 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20211012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Gutiérrez Martínez D, Jiménez-Méndez C, Méndez Hernández R, Hernández-Aceituno A, Planas Roca A, Aguilar Torres RJ. Incidence of electrocardiographic alterations in the preoperative period of non-cardiac surgery. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE ANESTESIOLOGÍA Y REANIMACIÓN 2021; 68:252-257. [PMID: 34140124 DOI: 10.1016/j.redare.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The electrocardiogram is the most widely used test to assess cardiovascular risk during the preoperative period. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the incidence of electrocardiographic alterations in the general population scheduled for non-cardiac surgery and to determine if the age greater than or equal to 65 years or the revised cardiac risk index ≥1 represent a risk factor for presenting these alterations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Over a period of one month, all preoperative electrocardiograms (ECG) from the anesthesia clinic were analyzed. Various epidemiological data were collected and the revised cardiac risk index was calculated. Major alterations were defined as those requiring Cardiology follow-up. RESULTS 476 patients were recruited, of whom 40.8% were ≥65 years, 32.6% had HTN, 14.4% DM and 27.9% dyslipidemia. 16.16% of the patients had a Lee Index ≥1. Of the entire sample, 80.5% had a normal ECG, 6.5% minor alterations and 13.0% major alterations. In the multivariate analysis, age ≥65 years and the presence of HTN were shown as independent risk factors for presenting alterations in the total and major ECG. The Lee index ≥1 was not associated with an increased risk of electrocardiographic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Patients ≥65 years old and those with HTN are at greater risk of presenting major electrocardiographic abnormalities, so we recommend including the ECG as a routine diagnostic test in the preoperative period of non-cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gutiérrez Martínez
- Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Jiménez-Méndez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Méndez Hernández
- Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Hernández-Aceituno
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - A Planas Roca
- Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - R J Aguilar Torres
- Servicio de Cardiología, Unidad Coronaria, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Gutiérrez Martínez D, Jiménez-Méndez C, Méndez Hernández R, Hernández-Aceituno A, Planas Roca A, Aguilar Torres RJ. Incidence of electrocardiographic alterations in the preoperative period of non-cardiac surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 68:252-257. [PMID: 33637319 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The electrocardiogram is the most widely used test to assess cardiovascular risk during the preoperative period. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the incidence of electrocardiographic alterations in the general population scheduled for non-cardiac surgery and to determine if the age greater than or equal to 65 years or the revised cardiac risk index ≥ 1 represent a risk factor for presenting these alterations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Over a period of one month, all preoperative electrocardiograms (ECG) from the anesthesia clinic were analyzed. Various epidemiological data were collected and the revised cardiac risk index was calculated. Major alterations were defined as those requiring Cardiology follow-up. RESULTS 476 patients were recruited, of whom 40.8% were ≥ 65 years, 32.6% had HTN, 14.4% DM and 27.9% dyslipidemia. 16.16% of the patients had a Lee Index ≥ 1. Of the entire sample, 80.5% had a normal ECG, 6.5% minor alterations and 13.0% major alterations. In the multivariate analysis, age ≥ 65 years and the presence of HTN were shown as independent risk factors for presenting alterations in the total and major ECG. The Lee index ≥ 1 was not associated with an increased risk of electrocardiographic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Patients ≥ 65 years old and those with HTN are at greater risk of presenting major electrocardiographic abnormalities, so we recommend including the ECG as a routine diagnostic test in the preoperative period of non-cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gutiérrez Martínez
- Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España.
| | - C Jiménez-Méndez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - R Méndez Hernández
- Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - A Hernández-Aceituno
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España
| | - A Planas Roca
- Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - R J Aguilar Torres
- Unidad Coronaria, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España
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12
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Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Cheng S, Delling FN, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Ferguson JF, Gupta DK, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Lee CD, Lewis TT, Liu J, Loop MS, Lutsey PL, Ma J, Mackey J, Martin SS, Matchar DB, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Perak AM, Roth GA, Samad Z, Satou GM, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Shay CM, Stokes A, VanWagner LB, Wang NY, Tsao CW. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021; 143:e254-e743. [PMID: 33501848 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3078] [Impact Index Per Article: 1026.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2021 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors related to cardiovascular disease. RESULTS Each of the 27 chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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13
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Oliveira GMMD, Brant LCC, Polanczyk CA, Biolo A, Nascimento BR, Malta DC, Souza MDFMD, Soares GP, Xavier Junior GF, Machline-Carrion MJ, Bittencourt MS, Pontes Neto OM, Silvestre OM, Teixeira RA, Sampaio RO, Gaziano TA, Roth GA, Ribeiro ALP. Cardiovascular Statistics - Brazil 2020. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:308-439. [PMID: 33027364 PMCID: PMC9363085 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil.,Disciplina de Cardiologia, Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Luisa Campos Caldeira Brant
- Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Carisi Anne Polanczyk
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Moinhos de Vento , Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil
| | - Andreia Biolo
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Moinhos de Vento , Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil
| | - Bruno Ramos Nascimento
- Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Maria de Fatima Marinho de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Organização Vital Strategies , Nova York - EUA
| | - Gabriel Porto Soares
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil.,Curso de Medicina da Universidade de Vassouras , Vassouras , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Marcio Sommer Bittencourt
- Divisão de Clínica Médica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil.,Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Octavio M Pontes Neto
- Serviço de Neurologia Vascular e Emergências Neurológicas, Divisão de Neurologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Renato Azeredo Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Roney Orismar Sampaio
- Departamento de Cardiopneumologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil.,Unidade Clínica de Cardiopatias Valvares do Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Thomaz A Gaziano
- Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston - EUA.,Department of Medicine , Cardiovascular, Harvard Medical School , Boston - EUA
| | - Gregory A Roth
- Global Health and Health Metrics Sciences at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Washington - EUA.,Division of Cardiology at the University of Washington School of Medicine , Washington - EUA
| | - Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
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14
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Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, Delling FN, Djousse L, Elkind MSV, Ferguson JF, Fornage M, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Kwan TW, Lackland DT, Lewis TT, Lichtman JH, Longenecker CT, Loop MS, Lutsey PL, Martin SS, Matsushita K, Moran AE, Mussolino ME, Perak AM, Rosamond WD, Roth GA, Sampson UKA, Satou GM, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Shay CM, Spartano NL, Stokes A, Tirschwell DL, VanWagner LB, Tsao CW. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2020; 141:e139-e596. [PMID: 31992061 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4827] [Impact Index Per Article: 1206.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2020 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, metrics to assess and monitor healthy diets, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, a focus on the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the American Heart Association's 2020 Impact Goals. RESULTS Each of the 26 chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, healthcare administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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15
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Ansermot N, Bochatay M, Schläpfer J, Gholam M, Gonthier A, Conus P, Eap CB. Prevalence of ECG abnormalities and risk factors for QTc interval prolongation in hospitalized psychiatric patients. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2019; 9:2045125319891386. [PMID: 31853363 PMCID: PMC6909271 DOI: 10.1177/2045125319891386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients are at risk of cardiovascular diseases, and many psychotropic drugs can prolong QTc interval. Requirements for electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring have been set up in our psychiatric university hospital. The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of adult patients who had an ECG during their hospitalization, the prevalence of ECG abnormalities, the evolution of the QTc after admission, and the risk factors for QTc prolongation. METHODS Retrospective analysis of ECGs and clinical data of all patients with a complete hospitalization in 2015. Assessment of the influence of covariates on QTc using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS At least one ECG (n = 600) was performed during 37.6% of the stays (n = 1198) and in 45.5% of the patients (n = 871). Among the patients with an ECG, 17.9% had significant ECG abnormalities, including 7.6% with a prolonged QTc. QTc measured at admission and during hospitalization did not change significantly (n = 46, 419.4 ± 29.7 ms, 417.2 ± 27.6 ms, p = 0.71). In the multivariate model (292 patients, 357 ECGs), the covariates significantly associated with the QTc were gender (+15.9 ms if female, p < 0.0001), age (+0.4 ms/year, p = 0.0001), triglyceride levels (+5.7 ms/mmol/l, p = 0.005), and drugs with known risk of torsades de pointes (+6.2 ms if ⩾1 drug, p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hospitalized psychiatric patients with an abnormal ECG indicates that ECGs should be performed systematically in this population. Prescription of psychotropic drugs should be done cautiously, particularly in patients with QTc prolongation risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ansermot
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, 1008 Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Meredith Bochatay
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schläpfer
- Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam
- Centre of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Ariane Gonthier
- General Internal Medicine Practice, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Institute of Medicine of the Family, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Chin B Eap
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
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